精品解析：上海市闵行中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级期末英语试卷

闵行中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级 期末英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Are Noise-cancelling Headphones Damaging our Hearing Skills? They are prized for making the morning rush hour more bearable. But noise-cancelling headphones have come under questioning after audiologists (听力专家) raised concerns that overuse might damage people’s hearing skills. ____1____the technology has clear benefits, some specialists suspect that constantly blocking background noise may have harmful consequences. Renee Almeida, an adult audiology clinical lead at Imperial College healthcare NHS trust, has seen an increase in adults coming to her clinic with hearing issues ____2____ (ensure) that their hearing is fine. Actually, the problem is with their brain, not their ears. They might fail to locate where a sound is coming from, or follow a conversation on the train, in a bar or at a restaurant. The condition, ____3____ (know) as auditory processing disorder(APD), is diagnosed in children, so the rise in adults with similar issues is a phenomenon ____4____ is odd. Her instinct is that widespread use of noise-cancelling headphones ____5____ be the cause. “The brain is used to dealing with thousands of different sounds at the same time and it’s always been able to figure out ____6____ is and isn’t worth listening to. If a dog barks outside, I recognise that it’s a dog barking and I don’t really care,” she says. “With noise cancelling, you’re giving your brain only one source of sound, which means there’s ____7____ else for your brain to worry about.” For adults, it could make their brains lazy, just as muscles weaken ____8____ exercise. Still, there is no scientific evidence that noise-cancelling headphones cause APD. Nor is there any convincing data showing a rise in the condition. Harvey Dillon, a professor of auditory science at the University of Manchester, ____9____ (caution) that loud music can damage neurons in the hearing system. “It may be that listening to loud music is the cause of the hearing processing problem, not the noise-cancelling feature,” he says. “_____10_____ this is true, noise cancelling could be beneficial, because it allows one to listen to music without background distractions. And they can listen at a lower level.” 【答案】1. Although##Though##While 2. to ensure 3. known 4. that##which 5. may##might##could 6. what 7. nothing 8. without 9. cautions 10. If 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕降噪耳机是否会损害听觉能力展开讨论，听力专家提出长期隔绝环境噪音可能诱发成人听觉处理障碍，但也有学者认为真正损伤听觉的是大音量音乐，降噪功能本身反而存在益处。 【1题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管这项技术有着显而易见的好处，但部分专家认为长期隔绝背景噪音可能带来不良影响。前后文存在让步逻辑，句首用连词Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：帝国理工学院国民保健信托基金会成人听力学临床主管勒妮・阿尔梅达接诊了越来越多出现听觉问题的成年人，他们前来检查以确认自身听力没有受损。结合句意可知，人们来检查的目的是确认自己的听力没有受损，故此处用不定式to ensure作目的状语。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种被称作听觉处理障碍的病症以往只在儿童身上确诊，因此出现同类问题的成年人数量上涨是一种反常现象。逻辑主语the condition与know为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种被称作听觉处理障碍的病症以往只在儿童身上确诊，因此出现同类问题的成年人数量上涨是一种反常现象。先行词phenomenon指事物，关系词在限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。 【5题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：她直觉认为降噪耳机的广泛使用或许是诱因。此处表不确定的推测，may/might/could均可。 【6题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：大脑习惯同时处理成千上万种不同声音，并且总能分辨出哪些声音值得留意、哪些不值得。此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事物，用连接代词what。 【7题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：开启降噪模式后，大脑只能接收单一音源，也就没有其他声音需要大脑分辨处理。nothing else表示“没有别的事物”，符合语境。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：这会让成年人的大脑变得迟钝，就像肌肉缺乏锻炼会变得无力一样。without exercise表示“缺乏锻炼”，符合语境。 【9题详解】 考查一般现在时。句意：曼彻斯特大学听觉科学教授哈维・狄龙提醒，大音量音乐会损伤听觉系统神经元。主语为单数人名，全文为客观科普时态，谓语动词用三单形式cautions。 【10题详解】 考查条件状语从句。句意：倘若该观点成立，降噪功能其实是有益的，因为它能隔绝环境杂音，人们可以调低音量听音乐。后半句“降噪功能有益”是建立在“大声音乐才是病因”这个前提条件上的，因此用If引导条件状语从句 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accused B. critical C. effectively D. identity E. lifeless F. racing G. restore H. recognized I. starving J. unjustly K. varieties Saving Italy’s Olive Trees In early 2016, Giovanni Melcarne walked through Italy’s countryside, faced with a landscape of destruction. Olive trees, once lively symbols of the country, now wore an unnatural greyness. At least 2 million olive trees in Italy had fallen to Xylella fastidiosa, a bacterium likely introduced from Costa Rica. Infecting one-third of Italy’s 60 million olive trees which was ____11____ to 12% of global olive oil production, the disease left infected trees destined to die within years. The bacterium’s spread, quickened by insects, was dangerous. When the insects bit, Xylella attacked the tree. Then the bacteria multiplied, formed a gel (凝胶), and finally blocked water and nutrient flow, slowly ____12____ the tree. By 2016, the disease had been ____13____ across Italy. In this disaster, Melcarne discovered a light of hope. A farmer showed him an ancient tree. Its trunk, mostly ____14____, surprisingly hosted a grafted olive branch. Grafting is a traditional technique where a branch is inserted into another tree, and this encouraged Melcarne, who decided to give it a try. However, progress faced problems. Efforts to fight Xylella were weakened by conspiracy theories (阴谋论). Many locals ____15____ scientists of encouraging and selling genetically changed seeds. In 2015, some researchers were ____16____ investigated, though charges were later dropped. Not discouraged, Melcarne partnered with researchers. In 2016, he invested his life savings — 130,000 euros — grafting 14 hectares (亩) of trees, testing disease-resistant ____17____. Success emerged. Melcarne grafted 2,600 ancient trees, with 70% surviving. Yet grafting alone won’t ____18____ every tree. Saving Italy’s olive trees demands a systematic long-term strategy. After years of effort, the government ____19____ their work, co-funding a 2-million-euro project. Today, Melcame searches for wild Italy olives, aiming to replant infected olive farms. While not every tree can be saved, his mission offers vital hope to save Italy's olive trees, essential for the country’s culture and economy. “If we don’t try to save at least some of the oldest olive trees,” Melcarne asks, “what ____20____ will be left for this country?” 【答案】11. B 12. I 13. F 14. E 15. A 16. J 17. K 18. G 19. H 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述意大利油橄榄树因病菌大面积枯死，主人公通过嫁接抗病品种挽救古树，克服民众误解并获得政府支持，守护本国文化与经济标识的故事。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种病菌感染了意大利六千万棵橄榄树中的三分之一，这部分橄榄树对全球百分之十二的橄榄油产量至关重要，染病树木几年内必将枯死。结合后文橄榄油产业受重创的语境，be critical to“对……至关重要”符合题意。 【12题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：细菌不断繁殖形成凝胶，阻断水分和养分输送，慢慢让树木缺养分枯萎。结合前文养分通道被堵塞，树木得不到供给，starve表示“使饥渴、使缺营养”，此处作伴随状语用现在分词starving。 【13题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：到2016年，这种病害已经在意大利各地快速蔓延。结合前文“The bacterium’s spread, quickened by insects, was dangerous”病菌借助昆虫极速扩散的语境，race“快速蔓延、肆虐”符合题意，本句强调病害持续蔓延，用had been doing是过去完成进行时。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这棵古树的树干大多已经毫无生机，却意外长出嫁接的橄榄枝条。结合前文大量树木染病枯萎的背景，树干失去生命力，lifeless表示“无生机的”，作表语。 【15题详解】 考查动词过去式。句意：当地许多居民指责科学家推广、售卖转基因种子。结合文中民众滋生阴谋论、抵触防疫科研工作的语境，accuse sb. of sth.“指责某人某事”符合题意，全文为一般过去时态。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：2015年部分研究人员遭到不公正调查，相关指控后来被撤销。结合后文指控最终作废，说明调查是不合理、不公平的，副词unjustly修饰动词investigated，意为“不公正地”。 【17题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他投入全部积蓄嫁接十四公顷树木，测试具备抗病能力的橄榄品种。结合语境可知，此处指嫁接不同品类橄榄树做试验，varieties表示“品种”。 【18题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：但仅靠嫁接无法恢复每一棵树木。结合后文需要长期系统性方案拯救橄榄树，restore“恢复、复原”符合题意，won’t后接动词原形。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：经过多年努力，政府认可了他们的工作，共同出资两百万欧元开展项目。结合原文“Saving Italy’s olive trees demands a systematic long-term strategy”护树工作需要长期规划的语境可知，本句表示政府认可了他们的工作，主语the government后缺少主句谓语动词，全文为一般过去时，recognized作谓语，意为“认可、承认”。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果我们不去尽力留存一部分古老橄榄树，这个国家还能剩下什么自身特色与身份标识？橄榄树是意大利文化与经济的象征，identity代表“国家特色、文化身份”。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Marc Watkins, a professor of the University of Mississippi’s department of writing, is sitting in the office, staring at a student’s perfect paper. His mouse hovers (悬停) over the ‘check for copying’ button, asking: Did this argument come from late-night research — or materialize in a ChatGPT direction? For ____21____, the emergence of AI tools has caused an influential identity crisis, shaking the foundations of traditional academic practices. In today’s classrooms, students increasingly rely on AI to craft essays and complete assignments, posing a trouble for educators: how to ____22____ academic work when the boundary between human effort and AI-generated content becomes unclear? How to defend the integrity of writing instruction in an era when tools like ChatGPT can produce finished articles in seconds? This ____23____ strikes at the core of educational objectives. Writing courses, once centered on cultivating critical thinking and drafting skills, now face a(n) ____24____. On one hand, students submit perfect texts without experiencing the struggle of creation and revision. For example, some ____25____ brainstorming and editing, letting AI generate final papers. This robs them of the learning journey-understanding argument construction, grammar structures, and creative expression. Professors now play two roles: not just guiding intellectual growth, but also ____26____ AI use, a task that distracts energy from meaningful teaching. On the other hand, within this challenge lies an opportunity for reflection. Many educators emphasize the ____27____ value of structured academic activities — courses prioritizing peer reviews, critical writing, and analytical discussions cultivate skills AI cannot copy. Education should empower students to “learn through structured assignments,” where ____28____ like researching, debating, and revising build deeper understanding. These steps don’t just produce written work — they ____29____ critical thinking and reasonable communication, essential in any academic or professional setting. Moreover, a ____30____ of educational goals is also invited. Rather than resisting AI, professors can integrate it into curricula as a learning tool. Teaching students to ____31____ engage with AI — analyzing its preferences, double-checking the facts, and using it responsibly — becomes part of digital literacy. For instance, “AI literacy” workshops could teach students to treat AI as an additional resource, not a(n) ____32____ for their own thinking. This approach transforms AI from a ____33____ into an assistant, preparing students for a tech-driven world. The AI identity crisis calls professors back to education’s essence: nurturing human intellect. While AI reshapes teaching methods, the mission to develop analytical minds, ethical judgment, and creative problem-solving ____34____. Professors must ____35____, using this moment not just to address challenges, but to strengthen the unique value of human-centered learning. 21. A. professors B. students C. parents D. technicians 22. A. design B. teach C. assess D. finish 23. A. work B. crisis C. instruction D. improvement 24. A. evolution B. contradiction C. construction D. opposition 25. A. pass by B. focus on C. set out D. object to 26. A. studying B. developing C. abandoning D. identifying 27. A. predictable B. emotional C. irreplaceable D. overestimated 28. A. outcomes B. subjects C. processes D. professions 29. A. polish B. limit C. evaluate D. challenge 30. A. creation B. redefinition C. prioritization D. simplification 31. A. passively B. openly C. critically D. regularly 32. A. improvement B. aid C. reference D. replacement 33. A. threat B. consultant C. program D. specialist 34. A. ends B. endures C. starts D. changes 35. A. retire B. adapt C. listen D. explain 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕AI给写作教学带来的危机展开，分析AI写作的弊端，提出将AI作为学习工具，教师应顺势调整教学，坚守培育学生独立思辨能力的教育核心。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：对教授们而言，人工智能工具的出现引发了影响深远的身份危机，动摇了传统学术实践的根基。A. professors教授；B. students学生；C. parents家长；D. technicians技术员。前文“Did this argument come from late-night research — or materialize in a ChatGPT direction?”讲述教授怀疑学生论文由AI生成，结合后文多次提到educators、professors，危机是教育工作者面临的。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：在当今的课堂上，学生越来越依赖人工智能来撰写论文和完成作业，这给教育工作者带来了难题：当人类努力与AI生成内容之间的界限变得模糊时，该如何评估学术作品？A. design设计；B. teach教授；C. assess评判、评估；D. finish完成。根据后文“academic work when the boundary between human effort and AI-generated content becomes unclear”可知，老师要分辨学生作业是否AI代写，核心是评估作业真实性。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：这场危机直击教育目标的核心。A. work工作；B. crisis危机；C. instruction指导；D. improvement提升。第二段首句提到“an influential identity crisis”此处指代前文AI带来的学术危机。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：曾经以培养思辨与写作修改能力为核心的写作课，如今面临一种矛盾处境。A. evolution演变；B. contradiction矛盾；C. construction构建；D. opposition反对。根据后文“On one hand, students submit perfect texts without experiencing the struggle of creation and revision.”以及“On the other hand, within this challenge lies an opportunity for reflection.”分两方面阐述弊端与机遇，体现两难矛盾。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：例如一些学生跳过头脑风暴和修改环节，直接让AI生成完整论文。A. pass by跳过、绕过；B. focus on专注于；C. set out出发、着手；D. object to反对。根据后文“letting AI generate final papers”学生依赖AI，省去自主构思修改步骤。 【26题详解】 考查动名词。句意：教授如今身兼两职，既要引导学生思维成长，还要辨别AI使用痕迹，这项工作分散了有效教学的精力。A. studying研究；B. developing发展；C. abandoning舍弃；D. identifying辨别、识别。根据后文“AI use”可知，老师需要分辨学生作业是否使用AI。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：许多教育工作者强调结构化学术活动不可替代的价值——注重同伴评审、批判性写作和分析性讨论的课程，能够培养人工智能无法复制的能力。A. predictable可预测的；B. emotional情感的；C. irreplaceable不可替代的；D. overestimated高估的。后文“courses prioritizing peer reviews, critical writing, and analytical discussions cultivate skills AI cannot copy”说明这类活动能培养AI无法复刻的能力，因此价值无可替代。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：教育应使学生能够“通过结构化任务来学习”，让研究、辩论和修改等过程帮助他们获得更深入的理解。A. outcomes成果；B. subjects科目；C. processes过程；D. professions职业。根据后文“like researching, debating, and revising build deeper understanding”可知，调研、辩论、修改都是学习的步骤过程。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些步骤不仅能产出书面作品，还能磨练批判性思维和合理的表达能力，而这在任何学术或专业环境中都是必不可少的。A. polish打磨、完善；B. limit限制；C. evaluate评估；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“critical thinking and reasonable communication”可知，写作流程锻炼优化思维与表达。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，这也促使人们重新定义教育目标。A. creation创造；B. redefinition重新定义；C. prioritization优先化；D. simplification简化。后文“Rather than resisting AI, professors can integrate it into curricula as a learning tool.”提出不要抗拒AI，将其融入课程，是对原有教育目标重新界定。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：教会学生批判性地使用人工智能——分析其偏好、核实事实并负责任地使用——已成为数字素养的一部分。A. passively被动地；B. openly公开地；C. critically批判性地；D. regularly定期地。后文“analyzing its preferences, double-checking the facts, and using it responsibly”提到核对事实、理性看待AI，是批判性使用。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，“人工智能素养”工作坊可以教导学生将人工智能视为一种补充资源，而非取代他们自身思维的工具。A. improvement提升；B. aid帮助；C. reference参考；D. replacement替代品。根据上文“teach students to treat AI as an additional resource”以及文章主要强调了反对完全依赖AI代替自主思考。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种方法将人工智能从威胁转变为助手，帮助学生为技术驱动的世界做好准备。A. threat威胁；B. consultant顾问；C. program程序；D. specialist专家。前文AI给教学带来危机，是负面威胁，合理利用后变为帮手。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管人工智能正在重塑教学方式，但培养分析思维、道德判断和创造性解决问题的能力的使命依然不变。A. ends结束；B. endures持续存在；C. starts开始；D. changes改变。根据上文“the mission to develop analytical minds, ethical judgment, and creative problem-solving”可知，教育核心使命不会因AI消失，始终延续。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：教授们必须适应变化，利用这一时机不仅应对挑战，更要强化以人为本的学习的独特价值。A. retire退休；B. adapt适应；C. listen倾听；D. explain解释。根据后文“using this moment not just to address challenges”可知，AI改变教学环境，教师需要调整自身教学方式适应新现状。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Congratulations on joining our internship (实习) programme. For most of you this is your first experience of the workplace, and with that in mind we have prepared a guide to office manners. Other chapters cover what to wear (more), when to use emojis (less) and when to speak in meetings (it depends). The first chapter is on lifts. As a way of understanding what it’s like to be at work, it’s an ideal place to start. Here are a few basic tips. When people are waiting for a lift, someone will stand right in front of the doors, so close that their breath fists the metal. In the lift that is going down towards them, someone else will be standing as close as possible to their set of doors. When the doors open, these two individuals will be completely shocked by the closeness of the other. They will then perform an elaborate little dance of not bumping into others before moving out of the way. You should always stand well back and let people out first. Deciding whether to start a conversation in a lift depends on three factors: familiarity, fullness and floor. If you are in a lift with someone you don’t know, it’s very simple: say nothing, smile thinly and then look fixedly at the ceiling. If you get in with someone you work with and know well, chat. But when there are others, do not say something like “Isn’t Keith amazingly short?” when Keith’s friends might be in there with you. Or, buried deep among the crowd, Keith. If you get in a lift with someone you know just a little, you are in very tricky territory. You must adapt conversation to the length of the journey. If you have just two floors left, do not ask for their views on human destiny. (Actually, no matter what the circumstances, don’t ask for their views on human destiny.) So, starters. Let the lift be your first step into the strangeness of adulthood. Fear no one remembers you? Just press the emergency stop button — it’s the only assured way to make everyone in the office remember your name. 36. What does the phrase “an elaborate little dance” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. A formal exchange between colleagues. B. An awkward movement to get on or off the lift. C. A regular practice when meeting a workmate. D. A performance to entertain people in the lift. 37. According to the passage, you are recommended to________. A. start a conversation with anyone in the lift B. avoid making comments on workmates in the lift C. talk about a serious topic in the lift D. speak nothing when the lift is full 38. We can imply from the last paragraph that________. A. interns should not seek attention through troublesome behaviors B. pressing the stop button is a practical strategy for safety C. interns can fit into a team through creative ways like stopping the lift D. it’s necessary for interns to learn how to deal with emergencies 39. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To inform interns of the advantages of taking a lift. B. To warn interns about the dark side of the workplace. C. To explain workplace culture through lift experiences. D. To encourage interns to network in lifts. 【答案】36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文面向实习生，以电梯为切入点讲解职场礼仪，介绍乘梯避让规则、电梯内交谈分寸，调侃切勿乱按急停，借电梯场景科普职场相处规范。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“When the doors open, these two individuals will be completely shocked by the closeness of the other. They will then perform an elaborate little dance of not bumping into others before moving out of the way.(当门打开时，这两个人会因对方的靠近而完全震惊。随后，他们会跳起一段精致的小舞，小心翼翼地避免碰撞他人，再缓缓让开)”可知，电梯门打开，两人距离过近，笨拙躲闪、避让避免相撞，是上下电梯尴尬的肢体动作。故划线词指的是“上下电梯时动作笨拙”。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“But when there are others, do not say something like “Isn’t Keith amazingly short?” when Keith’s friends might be in there with you. Or, buried deep among the crowd, Keith.(但当有其他人时，不要对基思的朋友说“基思不是特别矮吗？”之类的话，因为基思的朋友们可能就在你身边。或者，就藏在人群中深处，基思)”可知，建议你避免在电梯里对同事发表评论。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fear no one remembers you? Just press the emergency stop button — it’s the only assured way to make everyone in the office remember your name.(担心没人记得你？只需按下紧急停止按钮——这是确保办公室里所有人都记住你名字的唯一方法)”可知，实习生不应通过麻烦的行为来博取关注。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For most of you this is your first experience of the workplace, and with that in mind we have prepared a guide to office manners. Other chapters cover what to wear (more), when to use emojis (less) and when to speak in meetings (it depends). The first chapter is on lifts. As a way of understanding what it’s like to be at work, it’s an ideal place to start. Here are a few basic tips.(对大多数人来说，这将是你们第一次进入职场，因此我们准备了一份办公室礼仪指南。其他章节还涵盖了着装建议（更多）、何时使用表情符号（较少）以及在会议中何时发言（视情况而定）。第一章是关于电梯的使用。作为了解工作环境的起点，这是个理想的选择。以下是一些基本建议)”以及文章以电梯礼仪切入，借乘电梯场景讲解职场礼仪与职场文化。可知，这篇文章的主要目的是通过电梯体验来阐释职场文化。 (B) You tell us Write to us! Send your art stories (letter or email) to the addresses below: Post:Your Letters, Artists & illustrators, Chelsea Magazine Company Ltd, Telegraph Media Group, 111 Buckingham Palace Road, London SWIW ODT Email: Info@artistsandillustrators.co.uk ATLANTIS ART MATERIALS The writer of our “Message of the Month” will receive a £50 gift ticket to spend with Atlantis Art, the UK’s largest art materials store. atlantisart.co.uk Mary I love my monthly inspiration in reading Artists & Illustrators. It’s a delight to read about various artists as well as discovering different styles and techniques. Artists & Illustrators has a special place in my heart. Two years ago, when my then 15-year-old son was inspired by the article How I Draw by Curtis Holder in the June 2025 issue, he picked Curtis Holder as the artist to study for his undergraduate paper. We continue to be inspired by him. Smith I only discovered Artists & Illustrators last year. I was immediately-impressed by the wealth of advice and information and now have it regularly delivered every month. In one of its issues, I read about the Chauvet Cave in France. Inspired by that, I made a visit there and was completely astonished by the prehistoric artists’ technical abilities and basic equipment. This visit inspired me to complete this picture. Susan As an artist, I spend many hours trying to fill my work with emotion. This can be a very lonely and intense process, so feeling part of a community of like-minded artists and creatives in Artists & Illustrators is inspiringly invaluable to me. 40. What can we know about the three readers in the passage? A. All of them have been inspired and impacted by Artists & Illustrators. B. All of them have subscribed to Artists & Illustrators for many years. C. Both Mary and Smith are working on an undergraduate paper on Curtis Holder. D. Susan enjoys creating art in the community park to overcome loneliness. 41. According to the passage, one can write to Artists & Illustrators to________ A. get the latest issue of Artists & Illustrators. B. share his/her recent travelling experience. C. get a £50 gift ticket for a large art material store. D. meet the writer of “Message of the Month”. 42. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the history of Artists & Illustrators. B. To persuade readers to buy art works. C. To teach professional painting techniques. D. To present and collect readers’ stories. 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】本文展示三位读者的投稿感悟，介绍杂志《艺术家与插画师》带给他们的启发，并征集读者艺术故事。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mary段落中“I love my monthly inspiration in reading Artists & Illustrators...We continue to be inspired by him.(我喜欢阅读《艺术家与插画师》带来的每月灵感……我们一直受他启发)”、Smith段落中“Inspired by that, I made a visit there and was completely astonished by the prehistoric artists’ technical abilities and basic equipment. This visit inspired me to complete this picture.(受此启发，我前往那里参观，并被史前艺术家的技艺和简陋设备震撼。这次参观启发我完成了这幅作品)”、Susan段落中“so feeling part of a community of like-minded artists and creatives in Artists & Illustrators is inspiringly invaluable to me.(因此，在《艺术家与插画师》中融入志同道合的创作者社群，对我而言极具启发、无比珍贵)”可知，三位读者均受到该杂志的启发和影响。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The writer of our “Message of the Month” will receive a £50 gift ticket to spend with Atlantis Art, the UK’s largest art materials store.(本月留言的作者将获得一张价值50英镑的礼品券，可在英国最大的美术用品商店亚特兰蒂斯美术店消费)”以及前文征集读者投稿的内容可知，读者写信投稿有机会获得美术用品店的50英镑礼品券。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章开头“Send your art stories (letter or email) to the addresses below:(将你的艺术故事以信件或邮件的形式发送至以下地址)”以及后文展示三位读者的投稿故事可知，本文主要目的是展示读者故事并征集更多读者的艺术故事。 (C) The management chair’s irresistible pull is getting stronger. Video calls are so popular that managers can see employees around the world without leaving their armchair. Real-time data on computer screens can keep bosses informed about the business without having to stand up. However, this is making managers disconnected from their teams. The solution has a name: management by wandering-or walking-around (MBWA). Tom Peters, a management expert, popularized the idea in the 1980s in “In Search of Excellence”, who argued that managers should go to see the places and people where the real work gets done. One reason is that most employees like attention. In a study led by Pablo Casas from Arizona State University, it was found that managers’ visits were associated with a boost to sales productivity, which started to show up even before the day itself! But these improvements only lasted for weeks. One explanation is that it was a lot less inspiring when staff could see the manager all the time. The benefit of MBWA comes not from how regularly managers inspect the workplace like kings or queens, but from visits to the front line to identify and solve problems. Toyota is well-known for its norm of genchi genbutsu (go and see for yourself), which encourages managers to investigate manufacturing problems in person. Toyota managers routinely undertake real place walks to see assembly lines (流水线) for themselves and to drive home the firm’s philosophy of kaizen (continuous improvement). However, wandering bosses do not always lead to good results. A paper published in 2023 by Anita Tucker of Boston University and Sara Singer of Stanford University examined the practice of an MBWA programme at 19 American hospitals. They found that in hospitals where senior managers toured the front lines providing ideas for improvement, nurses on average felt that performance had actually become worse. The authors assume that the problems came from raised expectations: bosses asked people to identify problems and then did not do enough to actually address them. Where nurses’ performance did improve, it was because hospitals concentrated on easier-to-solve problems and because managers there took responsibility for making sure that issues were dealt with. Wandering around, in other words, demands discipline. In an era of video calls and data analytics, there is still no substitute for shoes. 43. What can be concluded from the first paragraph? A. Managers don’t leave their chairs because they are too busy. B. Managers are always afraid of missing key data. C. Managers can efficiently run the company through video calls. D. Management on seats has caused a big problem. 44. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE about MBWA? A. MBWA was first popularized by Pablo Casas in the 1980s. B. Managers should see the realities of the workplace. C. Managers should visit the front line as regularly as possible. D. MBWA has only short-term motivating effects. 45. MBWA at some American hospitals did not work because________. A. The managers failed to address the problems B. The managers did not identify true problems C. No improvement suggestions were provided D. MBWA does not fit the hospitals’ management culture 46. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Celebrating Desk Management B. Why MBWA Fails C. Leaving the Seat of Power D. How to Enhance Motivation 【答案】43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文针对“座椅式管理”导致管理者与团队脱节这一问题提出了“走动式管理（MBWA）”管理理念，分析了其原理、效果及失败原因，并指出核心要求是管理者应该离开座椅、深入一线。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The management chair’s irresistible pull is getting stronger. Video calls are so popular that managers can see employees around the world without leaving their armchair. Real-time data on computer screens can keep bosses informed about the business without having to stand up. However, this is making managers disconnected from their teams.(管理座位不可抗拒的吸引力越来越强。视频通话非常流行，经理们可以在不离开扶手椅的情况下看到世界各地的员工。电脑屏幕上的实时数据可以让老板无需站起来就能了解业务情况。然而，这使得管理者与团队脱节。)”可推知，久坐座椅的管理模式带来了团队脱节的严重问题。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Tom Peters, a management expert, popularized the idea in the 1980s in “In Search of Excellence”, who argued that managers should go to see the places and people where the real work gets done.(管理专家汤姆·彼得斯在20世纪80年代的《追求卓越》一书中推广了这一理念，他认为管理者应当前往实际工作开展的场地，接触一线工作人员)”可知，MBWA要求管理者亲自去看工作场所的实际情况。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“The authors assume that the problems came from raised expectations: bosses asked people to identify problems and then did not do enough to actually address them.(作者认为，问题来自于期望被抬高：管理者要求员工找出问题，却没有采取足够行动实际解决这些问题)”可知，美国部分医院的MBWA项目没有起作用，是因为管理者没能真正解决问题。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第二段“The solution has a name: management by wandering-or walking-around (MBWA). Tom Peters, a management expert, popularized the idea in the 1980s in “In Search of Excellence”, who argued that managers should go to see the places and people where the real work gets done.(该解决方案有一个名字：走动式管理（MBWA）。管理专家汤姆·彼得斯在20世纪80年代的《追求卓越》一书中推广了这一理念，他认为管理者应当前往实际工作开展的场地，接触一线工作人员)”和最后一段中“Wandering around, in other words, demands discipline. In an era of video calls and data analytics, there is still no substitute for shoes.(换言之，走动需要自律。在视频通话和数据分析的时代，“鞋子”仍然是无可替代的)”可知，本文开篇先介绍了“座椅式管理”的弊端，引出需要管理者走出办公室深入一线的MBWA管理模式，接着介绍了MBWA的作用、核心要求，以及失败的原因，核心围绕管理者离开管理座椅、深入一线展开，C选项“离开权力座椅”最适合作本文标题。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Satellites are Polluting the Sky SpaceX’s Starlink has already launched over 4,000 operational satellites. This number is expected to reach around 12,000 by 2027. The EU’s Copernicus program maintains seven satellites for environmental monitoring every year. For better communication and other services, countless satellites are sent into space. ____47____ In January, over 100 communications satellites were purposefully burned up in Earth’s atmosphere. This was done to prevent orbital jam and uncontrolled crashes. ____48____ When satellites are burned, they release particles (颗粒) of metals into the atmosphere. These substances could alter the atmosphere’s chemistry. Daniel Murphy, an atmospheric scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), warned that we’re “adding harmful materials in growing amounts”. ____49____ For example, smaller satellites can be developed to limit the amount of metal released during re-entry. Researchers also propose using other materials like carbon fiber or wood to replace metal components on the satellites. However, these substitutes have drawbacks. Burning wooden satellites traps heat and affects climate patterns. Stricter regulations and global cooperation are essential. Some researchers argue that the lifetime of satellites should be extended in order to avoid the need for so many future launches. ____50____ A. Technical innovations offer potential ways to reduce atmosphere pollution. B. But this “designed destruction” has an unexpected side effect. C. Human-made space pieces are different from natural cosmic dust. D. However, these booming satellites bring unexpected problems. E. With growing numbers of satellites, finding solutions seems to be a mission impossible. F. Others suggest satellite launching networks should be shared between countries to lower overall launches. 【答案】47. D 48. B 49. A 50. F 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了大量卫星升空引发污染问题，人为销毁卫星会释放金属颗粒破坏大气。文中介绍相关改良技术，还提出延长卫星寿命、各国共享发射网络等解决办法。 【47题详解】 前文“The EU’s Copernicus program maintains seven satellites for environmental monitoring every year. For better communication and other services, countless satellites are sent into space.(欧盟的“哥白尼”计划每年维护七颗卫星用于环境监测。为了改善通信及其他服务，还有大量卫星被送入太空。)”列举了星链、哥白尼计划等卫星项目，说明人类为了通讯等服务发射了大量卫星；后文“When satellites are burned, they release particles (颗粒) of metals into the atmosphere.(当卫星燃烧时，会向大气中释放金属颗粒。)”开始阐述卫星烧毁带来的大气污染等问题。D项“However, these booming satellites bring unexpected problems.(然而，这些激增的卫星带来了意想不到的问题。)”承上启下，从卫星的大规模发射自然过渡到其引发的负面影响，符合逻辑。 【48题详解】 前文“In January, over 100 communications satellites were purposefully burned up in Earth’s atmosphere. This was done to prevent orbital jam and uncontrolled crashes.(今年1月，100多颗通信卫星在地球大气层中被故意烧毁。这样做是为了防止轨道堵塞和失控的坠毁。)”说明主动烧毁卫星是为了避免轨道堵塞和失控坠毁，后文“When satellites are burned, they release particles of metals into the atmosphere. These substances could alter the atmosphere’s chemistry. (当卫星燃烧时，会向大气中释放金属颗粒。这些物质可能改变大气的化学成分。)”转而介绍卫星烧毁会释放金属颗粒、改变大气化学成分的危害。B项“But this “designed destruction” has an unexpected side effect.(但这种‘计划性销毁’有一个意想不到的副作用。)”承接上文的“purposefully burned up”，引出下文的危害，衔接顺畅。 【49题详解】 后文“For example, smaller satellites can be developed to limit the amount of metal released during re-entry. Researchers also propose using other materials like carbon fiber or wood to replace metal components on the satellites.(例如，研究人员正在开发小型卫星，以减少再入时释放的金属量。此外，一些研究者还建议使用碳纤维或木材等其他材料替代卫星上的金属部件。)”通过“开发小型卫星”“用碳纤维、木材替代金属部件”两个例子，介绍减少污染的技术手段。A项“Technical innovations offer potential ways to reduce atmosphere pollution.(技术创新为减少大气污染提供了潜在途径。)”是本段的总起句，能够统领后文的技术方案举例。 【50题详解】 前文“Some researchers argue that the lifetime of satellites should be extended in order to avoid the need for so many future launches.(一些研究人员认为，应延长卫星的使用寿命，以避免未来需要进行大量发射。)”提出“部分研究者建议延长卫星寿命以减少发射”，F项“Others suggest satellite launching networks should be shared between countries to lower overall launches.(另一些人建议各国共享卫星发射网络以降低总发射量。)”与前文构成“some... others...”的并列逻辑，同属 “监管与合作”层面的解决方案，契合段落主旨。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible. Sleeping makes Idea Work? Here’s what Science says Have you ever wondered if sleeping can lead to creative breakthroughs? Inventors like Thomas Edison and artists such as Salvador Dali believed so. Now, science is starting to back them up. Scientists have found that humans go through two stages during their sleep. The first stage of sleep, called N1 or hypnagogia, only lasts 1-7 minutes. It’s a border between sleeping and waking, where we have vivid, dream-like thoughts that mix with our recent experiences. Brain studies show that during N1, parts of the brain linked to free thinking are active, which are important for creativity. A 2023 study found that when assigned a math problem, people who spent just 15 seconds in N1 were three times more likely to solve the problem with a creative insight than those who stayed awake or slept deeper. Similarly, another experiment used a sound to tell people to “think of a tree” when they were sleeping. The group that was woken up during N1 stage did 48% better on creativity tasks like thinking of uses for a tree This highlights N1’s unique role in stimulating innovation through its mixing state of relaxed focus. Scientists say different sleep stages might help different kinds of thinking, and the lines between stages aren’t perfect. But for everyday use, experts suggest that after waking from a nap or sleep, don’t get up immediately. Instead, close your eyes and try to remember your dreams, the sounds you heard, or the images you saw. This lets the brain’s “sleep chemistry” stay a bit longer, helping you explore new ideas. In short, the time between being awake and asleep is more than just rest — it could be a door to creativity. Science is now proving what Edison and Dali seemed to know: sleep can help us see things in new ways. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Scientific research confirms that sleep fuels creative breakthroughs, a view shared by Edison and Dali. The brief N1 sleep stage, the transition between wakefulness and sleep, activates brain areas linked to free thinking. Studies show people in this stage perform far better in creative tasks. Experts suggest lingering briefly after waking to sustain this creative effect. 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了爱迪生、达利等名人认为睡眠有助创新，科学证实浅睡N1阶段活跃自由思维，大幅提升创意能力，专家建议醒后静卧片刻留住灵感。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Have you ever wondered if sleeping can lead to creative breakthroughs? Inventors like Thomas Edison and artists such as Salvador Dali believed so. ②Scientists have found that humans go through two stages during their sleep. The first stage of sleep, called N1 or hypnagogia, only lasts 1-7 minutes. ③A 2023 study found that when assigned a math problem, people who spent just 15 seconds in N1 were three times more likely to solve the problem with a creative insight than those who stayed awake or slept deeper. ④But for everyday use, experts suggest that after waking from a nap or sleep, don’t get up immediately. ⑤In short, the time between being awake and asleep is more than just rest--- it could be a door to creativity. 2.缜密构思将第1、2点整合为问题描述，第3、4整合为两种具体策略，第5点作为结果和总结。 3.遣词造句 Scientific research has confirmed that sleep can facilitate creative breakthroughs, and this view has also been endorsed by Edison and Dali.. The brief N1 sleep stage is a transitional period between wakefulness and sleep, which activates brain regions related to free thinking. Experts suggest that taking a short break after waking up can help maintain this creative effect. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Scientific research confirms that sleep fuels creative breakthroughs, a view shared by Edison and Dali.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及过去分词作后置定语修饰a view） [高分句型2] Studies show people in this stage perform far better in creative tasks.（运用了省略从属连词that引导的宾语从句） V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 施工噪音响了好几天，实在讨厌。（persist）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The construction noise has persisted for several days, which is really annoying. 【解析】 【详解】句子描述从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时；“施工噪音”译为the construction noise作主语，“响了好几天”表示“（噪音）持续好几天”，用动词persist表示“持续”，且主语noise是不可数名词，现在完成时用has persisted for several days；“实在讨厌”用which引导的非限制性定语从句补充说明整件事，译为which is really annoying，其中annoying意为“令人恼火的，令人烦躁的”。 53. 我把手机里的电影投屏到电视，全家看得其乐融融。（project）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I projected the movies on my mobile phone onto the TV, and the whole family watched them happily together.（表述合理即可） 【解析】 【详解】“把……投屏到”表达为project sth. onto sth.，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，project用过去式，“手机里的电影”表达为the movies on my mobile phone，“电视”是the TV，“全家”表达为the whole family，“看得其乐融融”翻译为watch them happily together，时态用一般过去时，连词and连接并列分句。 54. 这位设计师一步一个脚印地探索，她独特的作品赢得了消费者的喜爱。（Thanks to）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Thanks to the designer’s step-by-step exploration, her unique works have won great popularity among consumers. 【解析】 【详解】“这位设计师一步一个脚印地探索”阐述了她作品赢得消费者的喜爱的原因，翻译为thanks to the designer’s step-by-step exploration，“她独特的作品”翻译为her unique works，作主语，“赢得了”是动词win，表过去动作对现在的影响，时态用现在完成时，主语her unique works是复数，助动词用have，“消费者的喜爱”翻译为great popularity among consumers作have won宾语。 55. 张阿姨的日记弥补了儿子早年的记忆缺失，记录了一个生命是如何发展的。(witness) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Aunt Zhang’s diary makes up for the loss of her son’s early memories and witnesses how a life develops. 【解析】 【详解】句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时；“张阿姨的日记”在句中作主语，译为Aunt Zhang’s diary ；“弥补”作谓语，因主语为单数，一般现在时中用第三人称单数形式，译为makes up for；“儿子早年的记忆缺失”作宾语，译为“the loss of her son’s early memories”；“记录了一个生命是如何发展的”中“记录”是另一个谓语，需用and连接，译为“and witnesses how a life develops”，其中witness意为“见证”，用第三人称单数形式witnesses，how a life develops为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序。 VI. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近你校英语报发起了主题为“My favorite place to study on campus”的征文，你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章，内容须包括： (1)你最喜欢在校园的哪个地方学习； (2)你为什么喜欢在这个地方学习。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My favorite place to study on campus Among all corners of our campus, the quiet reading area on the second floor of the school library is absolutely my favorite study spot. I love it for three main reasons. First, it provides the perfect quiet environment that learners need, allowing me to be absorbed in study. Besides, it is very convenient to get learning resources here. This floor collects all reference books for high school subjects. I can find the required books in minutes. Finally, the positive atmosphere inspires me to work harder. Seeing surrounding classmates study diligently always drives me to get back to my tasks instead of getting distracted. This area is more than a study space: it witnesses my growth and helps me build good study habits, and I will always treasure this special campus corner. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一篇短文投稿，讲述在校园最喜欢的学习地点并陈述原因。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 词汇积累 提供：provide→furnish 沉浸在：be absorbed in→immerse oneself in 激励：inspire→motivate 分心：get distracted→divert one’s attention 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：This floor collects all reference books for high school subjects. I can find the required books in minutes. 拓展句：This floor collects all reference books for high school subjects so that I can find the required books in minutes. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, it provides the perfect quiet environment that learners need, letting me immerse myself in study.(使用了that引导定语从句、现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Seeing surrounding classmates study diligently always drives me to get back to my tasks instead of getting distracted. (使用了动名词Seeing…作主语和getting…作宾语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 闵行中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级 期末英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Are Noise-cancelling Headphones Damaging our Hearing Skills? They are prized for making the morning rush hour more bearable. But noise-cancelling headphones have come under questioning after audiologists (听力专家) raised concerns that overuse might damage people’s hearing skills. ____1____the technology has clear benefits, some specialists suspect that constantly blocking background noise may have harmful consequences. Renee Almeida, an adult audiology clinical lead at Imperial College healthcare NHS trust, has seen an increase in adults coming to her clinic with hearing issues ____2____ (ensure) that their hearing is fine. Actually, the problem is with their brain, not their ears. They might fail to locate where a sound is coming from, or follow a conversation on the train, in a bar or at a restaurant. The condition, ____3____ (know) as auditory processing disorder(APD), is diagnosed in children, so the rise in adults with similar issues is a phenomenon ____4____ is odd. Her instinct is that widespread use of noise-cancelling headphones ____5____ be the cause. “The brain is used to dealing with thousands of different sounds at the same time and it’s always been able to figure out ____6____ is and isn’t worth listening to. If a dog barks outside, I recognise that it’s a dog barking and I don’t really care,” she says. “With noise cancelling, you’re giving your brain only one source of sound, which means there’s ____7____ else for your brain to worry about.” For adults, it could make their brains lazy, just as muscles weaken ____8____ exercise. Still, there is no scientific evidence that noise-cancelling headphones cause APD. Nor is there any convincing data showing a rise in the condition. Harvey Dillon, a professor of auditory science at the University of Manchester, ____9____ (caution) that loud music can damage neurons in the hearing system. “It may be that listening to loud music is the cause of the hearing processing problem, not the noise-cancelling feature,” he says. “_____10_____ this is true, noise cancelling could be beneficial, because it allows one to listen to music without background distractions. And they can listen at a lower level.” Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accused B. critical C. effectively D. identity E. lifeless F. racing G. restore H. recognized I. starving J. unjustly K. varieties Saving Italy’s Olive Trees In early 2016, Giovanni Melcarne walked through Italy’s countryside, faced with a landscape of destruction. Olive trees, once lively symbols of the country, now wore an unnatural greyness. At least 2 million olive trees in Italy had fallen to Xylella fastidiosa, a bacterium likely introduced from Costa Rica. Infecting one-third of Italy’s 60 million olive trees which was ____11____ to 12% of global olive oil production, the disease left infected trees destined to die within years. The bacterium’s spread, quickened by insects, was dangerous. When the insects bit, Xylella attacked the tree. Then the bacteria multiplied, formed a gel (凝胶), and finally blocked water and nutrient flow, slowly ____12____ the tree. By 2016, the disease had been ____13____ across Italy. In this disaster, Melcarne discovered a light of hope. A farmer showed him an ancient tree. Its trunk, mostly ____14____, surprisingly hosted a grafted olive branch. Grafting is a traditional technique where a branch is inserted into another tree, and this encouraged Melcarne, who decided to give it a try. However, progress faced problems. Efforts to fight Xylella were weakened by conspiracy theories (阴谋论). Many locals ____15____ scientists of encouraging and selling genetically changed seeds. In 2015, some researchers were ____16____ investigated, though charges were later dropped. Not discouraged, Melcarne partnered with researchers. In 2016, he invested his life savings — 130,000 euros — grafting 14 hectares (亩) of trees, testing disease-resistant ____17____. Success emerged. Melcarne grafted 2,600 ancient trees, with 70% surviving. Yet grafting alone won’t ____18____ every tree. Saving Italy’s olive trees demands a systematic long-term strategy. After years of effort, the government ____19____ their work, co-funding a 2-million-euro project. Today, Melcame searches for wild Italy olives, aiming to replant infected olive farms. While not every tree can be saved, his mission offers vital hope to save Italy's olive trees, essential for the country’s culture and economy. “If we don’t try to save at least some of the oldest olive trees,” Melcarne asks, “what ____20____ will be left for this country?” III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Marc Watkins, a professor of the University of Mississippi’s department of writing, is sitting in the office, staring at a student’s perfect paper. His mouse hovers (悬停) over the ‘check for copying’ button, asking: Did this argument come from late-night research — or materialize in a ChatGPT direction? For ____21____, the emergence of AI tools has caused an influential identity crisis, shaking the foundations of traditional academic practices. In today’s classrooms, students increasingly rely on AI to craft essays and complete assignments, posing a trouble for educators: how to ____22____ academic work when the boundary between human effort and AI-generated content becomes unclear? How to defend the integrity of writing instruction in an era when tools like ChatGPT can produce finished articles in seconds? This ____23____ strikes at the core of educational objectives. Writing courses, once centered on cultivating critical thinking and drafting skills, now face a(n) ____24____. On one hand, students submit perfect texts without experiencing the struggle of creation and revision. For example, some ____25____ brainstorming and editing, letting AI generate final papers. This robs them of the learning journey-understanding argument construction, grammar structures, and creative expression. Professors now play two roles: not just guiding intellectual growth, but also ____26____ AI use, a task that distracts energy from meaningful teaching. On the other hand, within this challenge lies an opportunity for reflection. Many educators emphasize the ____27____ value of structured academic activities — courses prioritizing peer reviews, critical writing, and analytical discussions cultivate skills AI cannot copy. Education should empower students to “learn through structured assignments,” where ____28____ like researching, debating, and revising build deeper understanding. These steps don’t just produce written work — they ____29____ critical thinking and reasonable communication, essential in any academic or professional setting. Moreover, a ____30____ of educational goals is also invited. Rather than resisting AI, professors can integrate it into curricula as a learning tool. Teaching students to ____31____ engage with AI — analyzing its preferences, double-checking the facts, and using it responsibly — becomes part of digital literacy. For instance, “AI literacy” workshops could teach students to treat AI as an additional resource, not a(n) ____32____ for their own thinking. This approach transforms AI from a ____33____ into an assistant, preparing students for a tech-driven world. The AI identity crisis calls professors back to education’s essence: nurturing human intellect. While AI reshapes teaching methods, the mission to develop analytical minds, ethical judgment, and creative problem-solving ____34____. Professors must ____35____, using this moment not just to address challenges, but to strengthen the unique value of human-centered learning. 21. A. professors B. students C. parents D. technicians 22. A. design B. teach C. assess D. finish 23. A. work B. crisis C. instruction D. improvement 24. A. evolution B. contradiction C. construction D. opposition 25. A. pass by B. focus on C. set out D. object to 26. A. studying B. developing C. abandoning D. identifying 27. A. predictable B. emotional C. irreplaceable D. overestimated 28. A. outcomes B. subjects C. processes D. professions 29. A. polish B. limit C. evaluate D. challenge 30. A. creation B. redefinition C. prioritization D. simplification 31. A. passively B. openly C. critically D. regularly 32. A. improvement B. aid C. reference D. replacement 33. A. threat B. consultant C. program D. specialist 34. A. ends B. endures C. starts D. changes 35. A. retire B. adapt C. listen D. explain Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Congratulations on joining our internship (实习) programme. For most of you this is your first experience of the workplace, and with that in mind we have prepared a guide to office manners. Other chapters cover what to wear (more), when to use emojis (less) and when to speak in meetings (it depends). The first chapter is on lifts. As a way of understanding what it’s like to be at work, it’s an ideal place to start. Here are a few basic tips. When people are waiting for a lift, someone will stand right in front of the doors, so close that their breath fists the metal. In the lift that is going down towards them, someone else will be standing as close as possible to their set of doors. When the doors open, these two individuals will be completely shocked by the closeness of the other. They will then perform an elaborate little dance of not bumping into others before moving out of the way. You should always stand well back and let people out first. Deciding whether to start a conversation in a lift depends on three factors: familiarity, fullness and floor. If you are in a lift with someone you don’t know, it’s very simple: say nothing, smile thinly and then look fixedly at the ceiling. If you get in with someone you work with and know well, chat. But when there are others, do not say something like “Isn’t Keith amazingly short?” when Keith’s friends might be in there with you. Or, buried deep among the crowd, Keith. If you get in a lift with someone you know just a little, you are in very tricky territory. You must adapt conversation to the length of the journey. If you have just two floors left, do not ask for their views on human destiny. (Actually, no matter what the circumstances, don’t ask for their views on human destiny.) So, starters. Let the lift be your first step into the strangeness of adulthood. Fear no one remembers you? Just press the emergency stop button — it’s the only assured way to make everyone in the office remember your name. 36. What does the phrase “an elaborate little dance” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. A formal exchange between colleagues. B. An awkward movement to get on or off the lift. C. A regular practice when meeting a workmate. D. A performance to entertain people in the lift. 37. According to the passage, you are recommended to________. A. start a conversation with anyone in the lift B. avoid making comments on workmates in the lift C. talk about a serious topic in the lift D. speak nothing when the lift is full 38. We can imply from the last paragraph that________. A. interns should not seek attention through troublesome behaviors B. pressing the stop button is a practical strategy for safety C. interns can fit into a team through creative ways like stopping the lift D. it’s necessary for interns to learn how to deal with emergencies 39. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To inform interns of the advantages of taking a lift. B. To warn interns about the dark side of the workplace. C. To explain workplace culture through lift experiences. D. To encourage interns to network in lifts. (B) You tell us Write to us! Send your art stories (letter or email) to the addresses below: Post:Your Letters, Artists & illustrators, Chelsea Magazine Company Ltd, Telegraph Media Group, 111 Buckingham Palace Road, London SWIW ODT Email: Info@artistsandillustrators.co.uk ATLANTIS ART MATERIALS The writer of our “Message of the Month” will receive a £50 gift ticket to spend with Atlantis Art, the UK’s largest art materials store. atlantisart.co.uk Mary I love my monthly inspiration in reading Artists & Illustrators. It’s a delight to read about various artists as well as discovering different styles and techniques. Artists & Illustrators has a special place in my heart. Two years ago, when my then 15-year-old son was inspired by the article How I Draw by Curtis Holder in the June 2025 issue, he picked Curtis Holder as the artist to study for his undergraduate paper. We continue to be inspired by him. Smith I only discovered Artists & Illustrators last year. I was immediately-impressed by the wealth of advice and information and now have it regularly delivered every month. In one of its issues, I read about the Chauvet Cave in France. Inspired by that, I made a visit there and was completely astonished by the prehistoric artists’ technical abilities and basic equipment. This visit inspired me to complete this picture. Susan As an artist, I spend many hours trying to fill my work with emotion. This can be a very lonely and intense process, so feeling part of a community of like-minded artists and creatives in Artists & Illustrators is inspiringly invaluable to me. 40. What can we know about the three readers in the passage? A. All of them have been inspired and impacted by Artists & Illustrators. B. All of them have subscribed to Artists & Illustrators for many years. C. Both Mary and Smith are working on an undergraduate paper on Curtis Holder. D. Susan enjoys creating art in the community park to overcome loneliness. 41. According to the passage, one can write to Artists & Illustrators to________ A. get the latest issue of Artists & Illustrators. B. share his/her recent travelling experience. C. get a £50 gift ticket for a large art material store. D. meet the writer of “Message of the Month”. 42. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the history of Artists & Illustrators. B. To persuade readers to buy art works. C. To teach professional painting techniques. D. To present and collect readers’ stories. (C) The management chair’s irresistible pull is getting stronger. Video calls are so popular that managers can see employees around the world without leaving their armchair. Real-time data on computer screens can keep bosses informed about the business without having to stand up. However, this is making managers disconnected from their teams. The solution has a name: management by wandering-or walking-around (MBWA). Tom Peters, a management expert, popularized the idea in the 1980s in “In Search of Excellence”, who argued that managers should go to see the places and people where the real work gets done. One reason is that most employees like attention. In a study led by Pablo Casas from Arizona State University, it was found that managers’ visits were associated with a boost to sales productivity, which started to show up even before the day itself! But these improvements only lasted for weeks. One explanation is that it was a lot less inspiring when staff could see the manager all the time. The benefit of MBWA comes not from how regularly managers inspect the workplace like kings or queens, but from visits to the front line to identify and solve problems. Toyota is well-known for its norm of genchi genbutsu (go and see for yourself), which encourages managers to investigate manufacturing problems in person. Toyota managers routinely undertake real place walks to see assembly lines (流水线) for themselves and to drive home the firm’s philosophy of kaizen (continuous improvement). However, wandering bosses do not always lead to good results. A paper published in 2023 by Anita Tucker of Boston University and Sara Singer of Stanford University examined the practice of an MBWA programme at 19 American hospitals. They found that in hospitals where senior managers toured the front lines providing ideas for improvement, nurses on average felt that performance had actually become worse. The authors assume that the problems came from raised expectations: bosses asked people to identify problems and then did not do enough to actually address them. Where nurses’ performance did improve, it was because hospitals concentrated on easier-to-solve problems and because managers there took responsibility for making sure that issues were dealt with. Wandering around, in other words, demands discipline. In an era of video calls and data analytics, there is still no substitute for shoes. 43. What can be concluded from the first paragraph? A. Managers don’t leave their chairs because they are too busy. B. Managers are always afraid of missing key data. C. Managers can efficiently run the company through video calls. D. Management on seats has caused a big problem. 44. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE about MBWA? A. MBWA was first popularized by Pablo Casas in the 1980s. B. Managers should see the realities of the workplace. C. Managers should visit the front line as regularly as possible. D. MBWA has only short-term motivating effects. 45. MBWA at some American hospitals did not work because________. A. The managers failed to address the problems B. The managers did not identify true problems C. No improvement suggestions were provided D. MBWA does not fit the hospitals’ management culture 46. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Celebrating Desk Management B. Why MBWA Fails C. Leaving the Seat of Power D. How to Enhance Motivation Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Satellites are Polluting the Sky SpaceX’s Starlink has already launched over 4,000 operational satellites. This number is expected to reach around 12,000 by 2027. The EU’s Copernicus program maintains seven satellites for environmental monitoring every year. For better communication and other services, countless satellites are sent into space. ____47____ In January, over 100 communications satellites were purposefully burned up in Earth’s atmosphere. This was done to prevent orbital jam and uncontrolled crashes. ____48____ When satellites are burned, they release particles (颗粒) of metals into the atmosphere. These substances could alter the atmosphere’s chemistry. Daniel Murphy, an atmospheric scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), warned that we’re “adding harmful materials in growing amounts”. ____49____ For example, smaller satellites can be developed to limit the amount of metal released during re-entry. Researchers also propose using other materials like carbon fiber or wood to replace metal components on the satellites. However, these substitutes have drawbacks. Burning wooden satellites traps heat and affects climate patterns. Stricter regulations and global cooperation are essential. Some researchers argue that the lifetime of satellites should be extended in order to avoid the need for so many future launches. ____50____ A. Technical innovations offer potential ways to reduce atmosphere pollution. B. But this “designed destruction” has an unexpected side effect. C. Human-made space pieces are different from natural cosmic dust. D. However, these booming satellites bring unexpected problems. E. With growing numbers of satellites, finding solutions seems to be a mission impossible. F. Others suggest satellite launching networks should be shared between countries to lower overall launches. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible. Sleeping makes Idea Work? Here’s what Science says Have you ever wondered if sleeping can lead to creative breakthroughs? Inventors like Thomas Edison and artists such as Salvador Dali believed so. Now, science is starting to back them up. Scientists have found that humans go through two stages during their sleep. The first stage of sleep, called N1 or hypnagogia, only lasts 1-7 minutes. It’s a border between sleeping and waking, where we have vivid, dream-like thoughts that mix with our recent experiences. Brain studies show that during N1, parts of the brain linked to free thinking are active, which are important for creativity. A 2023 study found that when assigned a math problem, people who spent just 15 seconds in N1 were three times more likely to solve the problem with a creative insight than those who stayed awake or slept deeper. Similarly, another experiment used a sound to tell people to “think of a tree” when they were sleeping. The group that was woken up during N1 stage did 48% better on creativity tasks like thinking of uses for a tree This highlights N1’s unique role in stimulating innovation through its mixing state of relaxed focus. Scientists say different sleep stages might help different kinds of thinking, and the lines between stages aren’t perfect. But for everyday use, experts suggest that after waking from a nap or sleep, don’t get up immediately. Instead, close your eyes and try to remember your dreams, the sounds you heard, or the images you saw. This lets the brain’s “sleep chemistry” stay a bit longer, helping you explore new ideas. In short, the time between being awake and asleep is more than just rest — it could be a door to creativity. Science is now proving what Edison and Dali seemed to know: sleep can help us see things in new ways. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 施工噪音响了好几天，实在讨厌。（persist）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________ 53. 我把手机里的电影投屏到电视，全家看得其乐融融。（project）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________ 54. 这位设计师一步一个脚印地探索，她独特的作品赢得了消费者的喜爱。（Thanks to）（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________ 55. 张阿姨的日记弥补了儿子早年的记忆缺失，记录了一个生命是如何发展的。(witness) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近你校英语报发起了主题为“My favorite place to study on campus”的征文，你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章，内容须包括： (1)你最喜欢在校园的哪个地方学习； (2)你为什么喜欢在这个地方学习。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $