第1卷 词汇与语法（冠词、名词）-2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦冠词、名词专项，分基础与提升两层设计，通过典型选择题强化语法应用，助力中职学生夯实语言基础与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇-冠词|15题（如黄河、乐器前冠词）|单一语法点直接应用|从定冠词、不定冠词到零冠词基本用法，覆盖时间、地点、专有名词等核心场景| |基础篇-名词|5题（如名词所有格）|基础形式与搭配考查|从复数变化、所有格构成到不可数名词应用，构建名词基础体系| |提升篇-冠词|10题（如“8-year-old”冠词）|语境化辨析与易混点|深化特殊规则（序数词、最高级、固定搭配），提升语法应用灵活性| |提升篇-名词|5题（如职业名词辨析）|词义与语境匹配|拓展名词分类（职业、抽象名词），强化语境中词义辨析能力|

编写说明：2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-21卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，22-26卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第1卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（冠词、名词）。 2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第1卷 词汇与语法（冠词、名词） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) （1）冠词 1.We have breakfast at 7:00 in ______ morning every day. A.a B.an C.the D.不填 【答案】C 【详解】语法考点：时间名词前冠词用法,泛指的早、中、晚：in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 必须加定冠词 the；易错点：at night 不加 the，属于固定特殊搭配。 2.My mother is ______ honest woman and she works in ______ hospital. A.a; 不填 B.an；a C.不填；a D.an; 不填 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：不定冠词 an/a 辨析 + 地点冠词用法,① honest 首字母不看拼写，看发音：/ˈɒnɪst/ 元音音素开头，用 an；② in a hospital 表示 “在一家医院（工作 / 就医）” 泛指某一家；in hospital 才是 “住院”。 3.______ Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. A.A B.An C.不填 D.The 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：专有名词定冠词用法,the + 江河、海洋、山脉、群岛 前必须加 the；the Yellow River 黄河，属于江河专有名词，固定用法。 4.Hurry up!The concert will begin in ______ minute. A.an B.a C.the D.不填 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：固定短语冠词搭配,固定词组 in a minute 立刻、马上；属于对口考试高频固定搭配，只能用不定冠词 a。 5.The doctor advises me to eat ______ apple a day. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：an/a 元音 / 辅音音素判定,apple 发音 /ˈæpl/ 以元音音素 /æ/ 开头，单数可数名词表泛指，用 an；口诀：不见元音不加 an，不看字母看发音。 6.He likes playing ______ basketball, but he doesn’t like playing ______ piano. A.不填；the B.the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.the；the 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：球类 & 乐器冠词规则,① 球类、棋牌类运动：零冠词 play basketball； ② 西洋乐器：必须加 the play the piano；对口必考区分点：球类无 the，乐器有 the。 7.Reading English novels is ______ useful method for us to improve our writing. A.a B.an C.the D.不填 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：useful 特殊发音冠词辨析,useful 发音 /ˈjuːsfl/ 以辅音音素 /j/ 开头，用 a；易错陷阱：以元音字母 u 开头，但发辅音，一律用 a（useful, university, European 同规则）。 8.______ young should respect ______ old in our society. A.A；an B.The；the C.the；an D.A；the 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：the + 形容词表一类人,结构：The + 形容词 = 一类人,the young 年轻人；the old 老年人；作主语时谓语动词用复数，是对口语法高频考点。 9.We will have ______ picnic on ______ Sunday afternoon. A.a；不填 B.an；the C.a；the D.不填；不填 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：固定短语 + 星期冠词规则,① have a picnic 去野餐，固定搭配必须加 a；② 具体星期几前：零冠词 on Sunday afternoon。 10.We often play football in ______winter,but ______ winter of 2022 was too cold to play outside. A.不填；the B.the; 不填 C.a；the D.a；the 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：季节泛指与特指冠词区别,① 泛指四季：in winter /in summer 零冠词；② 被后置定语限定特指某一年的季节：the winter of 2022 必须加 the。 11.As we know,England is ______ European country and Singapore is ______Asian country. A.a；a B.a；an C.an；an D.an；a 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：European / Asian 冠词易错题：① European /ˌjʊərəˈpiːən/ 辅音音素开头 → a② Asian /ˈeɪʃn/ 元音音素开头 → an。 12.Mother’s Day is celebrated on ______ second Sunday in May. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：序数词前定冠词用法序数词 first/second/third… 前面必须加 the；the second Sunday 第二个周日。 13.Stinky tofu is one of ______ most delicious foods in Hunan.I really love it. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：形容词最高级冠词规则,最高级结构：one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词,most delicious 是最高级，前面必须加定冠词 the。 14.I bought a dog and a cat yesterday. ______ dog is too noisy. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：二次特指定冠词用法,第一次提到用 a dog；第二次再次提到同一事物，表特指，用 the。 15.______ number of ______ students is more than 1200. A.A；a B.A；the C.The；a D.The；the 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：the number of 固定结构,the number of + 复数名词 表示 “…… 的数量”，作主语谓语用单数；易错区分：a number of + 复数名词 许多……，谓语用复数。 （2）名词 16.The ______ teachers in our school are very kind to us. A.woman B.women C.man D.children 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：复合名词复数变形,woman /man 作定语修饰复数名词时，前后都要变复数：单数：a woman teacher,复数：women teachers 女教师。 17.Everybody needs ______ sleep a day,so please go to bed early enough every day. A.eight hours B.eight hours’ C.eight hour’s D.eight hour 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：复数名词所有格,eight hours 是复数名词，以 s 结尾的复数名词，所有格直接加 ’ → eight hours’ sleep 八小时的睡眠；易错：C 选项 eight hour’s 单复数混用， 18.She didn’t tell her parents she was going home because she wanted to give them a ______. A.surprise B.joy C.shock D.happiness 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：可数 / 不可数名词词义辨析,give sb. a surprise 给某人惊喜，固定搭配；joy, happiness 为不可数名词，不能加不定冠词 a；shock 语义 “震惊” 不符合语境。 19.They got much ______ from those new books. A.information B.ideas C.stories D.photos 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：much 修饰不可数名词,much 只能修饰不可数名词；information 信息（不可数）；ideas /stories/photos 都是可数名词复数，不能用 much 修饰，只能用 many。 20.I can give you some______ on how to learn English well. A. advice B.suggestion C.idea D.reason 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：不可数名词用法,advice 建议，永远不可数，无复数形式；some 可直接修饰不可数名词；suggestion /idea/reason 都是可数单数，some 后需变复数才正确。 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 （1）冠词(共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 21.It is _____ common sense that this kind of medicine can have _____ effect on this kind of disease. A.不填; an B.a; 不填 C.the; an D.the；the 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：固定习语零冠词 + 固定短语冠词,① common sense 常识，固定习语零冠词；② have an effect on… 对…… 有影响，effect 元音开头，固定用 an。 22.We can see ______ full moon on the evening of August ______ 15th every year. A.a；a B.a；the C.the；the D.the；a 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：独一无二事物泛指 + 日期冠词,① 满月：a full moon 一轮满月，泛指用 a；② 日期几月几号，序数词 15th 前加 the。 23.There is ______ old piano at ______ corner of the living room. A.an；不填 B.an；the C.a；the D.a；a 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：元音开头冠词 + 地点固定搭配,① old /əʊld/ 元音音素开头 → an；② at the corner of… 在…… 拐角处，固定搭配必须加 the。 24.Mrs White has______ 8-year-old daughter who has ______ gift for painting — she has won two national prizes. A.a；a B.an；the C.the；a D.an；a 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：复合形容词冠词 + 固定短语,① 8-year-old 发音元音开头 → an；② have a gift for… 有…… 天赋，固定搭配用 a。 25.Everyone can make ______ difference to environmental protection in our daily life. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：固定短语冠词搭配,make a difference to… 对…… 产生影响、起作用；对口考试高频固定词组，只能用不定冠词 a。 26.For a long time they worked without saying ______ word.Tom was the first to break ______ silence. A.the；a B.a；the C.the；不填 D.a；不填 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：固定短语冠词搭配,① say a word 说一句话，固定用 a；② break the silence 打破（当下的）沉默，特指用 the。 27.______book on the desk is______ useful one. A.The；a B.A；an C.The；a D.A；a 【答案】A 【详解】语法考点：特指上文限定名词 + useful 冠词规则,① on the desk 限定修饰 book，特指桌上那本书用 The；② useful 辅音音素开头，用 a。 28.Many people are not in ______ habit of writing silly things in ______ public places. A.不填；不填 B.不填；the C.the；the D.the；不填 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：固定习惯搭配冠词,① in the habit of… 有…… 的习惯，固定加 the；② public places 公共场所，泛指一类地点，零冠词。 29.______young in our village are now living ______ much more comfortable life than we did. A.A；a B.The；the C.The；a D.A；不填 【答案】C 【详解】语法考点：the + 形容词表一类人 + 固定生活搭配① the young 年轻人；② live a … life 过…… 生活，固定结构必须加 a。 30.Los Angeles, a city in America,will hold ______ 34th Olympic Games in ______July 2028. A.a；the B.a；不填 C.the；不填 D.a；an 【答案】B 【详解】语法考点：同位语冠词 + 序数词冠词,① a city in America 作同位语，泛指美国一座城市，用 a；② 序数词 34th 前必须加 the；月份 July 前零冠词。 （2）名词(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 31.Jim was absent from two classes this morning.He said he forgot both of the ______. A.room’s number B.rooms’ number C.room numbers D.rooms number 【答案】C 【详解】语法考点：名词作定语用法,名词作定语表类别、编号时，用单数名词作定语：room numbers 房间号 / 教室编号；不用所有格’s，A、B 语法格式错误；D 变形规则错误。 32.If you want to sell your old car,why not put ______ on Taobao? A.an article B.an e-mail C.a piece of advice D.an advertisement 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：名词词义语境辨析,sell old car 卖二手车，需要刊登 advertisement 广告；article 文章；e-mail 邮件；a piece of advice 建议，均不符合卖车语境。 33.Hey!If you want to find out about new cartoons,have a look at this ______.It’s great. A.photo B.time C.website D.rock 【答案】C 【详解】语法考点：名词词义辨析,查询新动漫、卡通资讯，浏览 website 网站；photo 照片；time 时间；rock 岩石，语义均不匹配。 34.As a ______,he tries to give first-hand information to the public as soon as possible. A.secretary B.professor C.passenger D.reporter 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：职业名词词义辨析,reporter 记者：职责是向公众发布第一手新闻资讯； secretary 秘书；professor 教授；passenger 乘客，职业职能不符。 35.—Look!Here comes Cindy!She is always full of ______. —So she is.Because she takes a lot of exercise every day. A.courage B.change C.knowledge D.energy 【答案】D 【详解】语法考点：固定名词搭配be full of energy 精力充沛；语境：经常锻炼，所以精力旺盛；courage 勇气；change 改变；knowledge 知识，搭配和语义均不通。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-21卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，22-26卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第1卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（冠词、名词）。 2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第1卷 词汇与语法（冠词、名词） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) （1） 冠词 1.We have breakfast at 7:00 in ______ morning every day. A.a B.an C.the D.不填 2.My mother is ______ honest woman and she works in ______ hospital. A.a; 不填 B.an；a C.不填；a D.an; 不填 3.______ Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. A.A B.An C.不填 D.The 4.Hurry up!The concert will begin in ______ minute. A.an B.a C.the D.不填 5.The doctor advises me to eat ______ apple a day. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 6.He likes playing ______ basketball, but he doesn’t like playing ______ piano. A.不填；the B.the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.the；the 7.Reading English novels is ______ useful method for us to improve our writing. A.a B.an C.the D.不填 8.______ young should respect ______ old in our society. A.A；an B.The；the C.the；an D.A；the 9.We will have ______ picnic on ______ Sunday afternoon. A.a；不填 B.an；the C.a；the D.不填；不填 10.We often play football in ______winter,but ______ winter of 2022 was too cold to play outside. A.不填；the B.the; 不填 C.a；the D.a；the 11.As we know,England is ______ European country and Singapore is ______Asian country. A.a；a B.a；an C.an；an D.an；a 12.Mother’s Day is celebrated on ______ second Sunday in May. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 13.Stinky tofu is one of ______ most delicious foods in Hunan.I really love it. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 14.I bought a dog and a cat yesterday. ______ dog is too noisy. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 15.______ number of ______ students is more than 1200. A.A；a B.A；the C.The；a D.The；the （2）名词 16.The ______ teachers in our school are very kind to us. A.woman B.women C.man D.children 17.Everybody needs ______ sleep a day,so please go to bed early enough every day. A.eight hours B.eight hours’ C.eight hour’s D.eight hour 18.She didn’t tell her parents she was going home because she wanted to give them a ______. A.surprise B.joy C.shock D.happiness 19.They got much ______ from those new books. A.information B.ideas C.stories D.photos 20.I can give you some______ on how to learn English well. A. advice B.suggestion C.idea D.reason 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 （1）冠词(共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 21.It is _____ common sense that this kind of medicine can have _____ effect on this kind of disease. A.不填; an B.a; 不填 C.the; an D.the；the 22.We can see ______ full moon on the evening of August ______ 15th every year. A.a；a B.a；the C.the；the D.the；a 23.There is ______ old piano at ______ corner of the living room. A.an；不填 B.an；the C.a；the D.a；a 24.Mrs White has______ 8-year-old daughter who has ______ gift for painting — she has won two national prizes. A.a；a B.an；the C.the；a D.an；a 25.Everyone can make ______ difference to environmental protection in our daily life. A.a B.an C.不填 D.the 26.For a long time they worked without saying ______ word.Tom was the first to break ______ silence. A.the；a B.a；the C.the；不填 D.a；不填 27.______book on the desk is______ useful one. A.The；a B.A；an C.The；a D.A；a 28.Many people are not in ______ habit of writing silly things in ______ public places. A.不填；不填 B.不填；the C.the；the D.the；不填 29.______young in our village are now living ______ much more comfortable life than we did. A.A；a B.The；the C.The；a D.A；不填 30.Los Angeles, a city in America,will hold ______ 34th Olympic Games in ______July 2028. A.a；the B.a；不填 C.the；不填 D.a；an （2）名词(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 31.Jim was absent from two classes this morning.He said he forgot both of the ______. A.room’s number B.rooms’ number C.room numbers D.rooms number 32.If you want to sell your old car,why not put ______ on Taobao? A.an article B.an e-mail C.a piece of advice D.an advertisement 33.Hey!If you want to find out about new cartoons,have a look at this ______.It’s great. A.photo B.time C.website D.rock 34.As a ______,he tries to give first-hand information to the public as soon as possible. A.secretary B.professor C.passenger D.reporter 35.—Look!Here comes Cindy!She is always full of ______. —So she is.Because she takes a lot of exercise every day. A.courage B.change C.knowledge D.energy 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $