Unit1词汇解析2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

本讲义聚焦八年级下册Unit 1单词，按核心重点、次重点、一般三级分层，结合拓展短语、例句及中考考点标注，构建从基础词汇到高频考点的学习支架，帮助学生系统掌握词汇含义与应用场景。 该资料突出文化意识培养，如Chinese calligraphy、kung fu等文化主题词汇，强化语言能力提升，详解express oneself、give up doing sth等高频短语及中考考点。通过同义替换（scared/afraid）和用法辨析（deal with/do with）培养思维品质，课中辅助教师精准教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺，提升词汇综合应用能力。

八年级下册 Unit 1 单词深度精讲 重点程度标注：★★★ 核心重点 ★★ 次重点 ★ 一般 | 中考考点标注：📌 高频考点 1. calligraphy /kəˈlɪgrəfi/ n. 书法 ★★ 拓展短语： Chinese calligraphy 中国书法 practice calligraphy 练习书法 calligraphy works 书法作品 例句： Calligraphy is an important part of Chinese traditional culture. 中考考点： 常出现在传统文化类阅读语篇中，属于文化主题词汇。 2. ski /skiː/ v. 滑雪 ★★ 拓展短语： go skiing 去滑雪 ski resort 滑雪胜地 learn to ski 学滑雪 例句： We plan to go skiing in the mountains this winter. 3. program /ˈprəʊgræm/ v. 编写程序 n. 程序；节目；项目 ★★ 拓展短语： computer program 计算机程序 TV program 电视节目 program a robot 给机器人编程 例句： He is learning to program in his computer class. 4. express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达；表示 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： express oneself 表达自己 express one's feelings 表达某人的感情 express thanks to 向……表达感谢 例句： Writing a diary is a good way to express your feelings. 中考考点： 常考搭配 express oneself，在写作中可用于表达观点。 5. instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/ n. 教练；指导者 ★★ 拓展短语： driving instructor 驾驶教练 ski instructor 滑雪教练 fitness instructor 健身教练 例句： Our swimming instructor taught us how to breathe properly. 6. scared /skeə(r)d/ adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： be scared of (doing) sth 害怕（做）某事 be scared to do sth 害怕做某事 scared to death 吓死了 例句： The little girl is scared of staying alone at home. 中考考点： be scared of 与 be afraid of 同义替换，完形填空常考。 7. scared of 害怕；恐惧 ★★★ 拓展短语： scared of the dark 怕黑 scared of making mistakes 怕犯错 例句： Don't be scared of challenges; they help you grow. 8. fear /fɪə(r)/ n.&v. 害怕；担忧 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： fear of failure 对失败的恐惧 overcome fear 克服恐惧 fear for 为……担心 例句： You should face your fears bravely instead of running away. 中考考点： 常作为 afraid 和 scared 的同义词在阅读中出现。 9. get over 克服（困难）；解决（问题） ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： get over difficulties 克服困难 get over the fear 克服恐惧 get over an illness 从疾病中恢复 例句： With the help of my teacher, I got over my fear of speaking in public. 中考考点： 常考短语动词，完形填空和词汇运用高频考点。 10. up to 正在做；由某人决定 ★★ 拓展短语： be up to sb 由某人决定 up to now 到目前为止 up to date 最新的 例句： It's up to you to decide which book to read. 11. poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗 ★★ 拓展短语： write a poem 写诗 read poems 读诗 a love poem 一首情诗 例句： He wrote a beautiful poem about nature. 12. single /ˈsɪŋgl/ adj. 单个的；单身的 ★★ 拓展短语： single room 单人房 single parent 单亲 every single day 每一天 例句： He is still single and lives alone. 13. stroke /strəʊk/ n. 笔画；击球 ★ 拓展短语： brush stroke 笔触 stroke of luck 幸运 at a stroke 一下子 例句： Each stroke of Chinese calligraphy requires great skill. 14. give up 放弃 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： give up doing sth 放弃做某事 give up hope 放弃希望 never give up 永不放弃 例句： Never give up, and you will succeed one day. 中考考点： 中考高频短语，常考 give up doing sth 结构，完形填空、词汇运用必考。 15. ink /ɪŋk/ n. 墨水 ★★ 拓展短语： ink bottle 墨水瓶 in ink 用墨水（写） ink and wash 水墨画 例句： Please write your composition in ink. 16. return /rɪˈtɜːn/ n.&v. 回来；归还 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： return to 返回 return sth to sb 把某物归还给某人 in return 作为回报 例句： I will return the book to the library tomorrow. 中考考点： return 本身已包含"回"的意思，不与 back 连用。常考 in return 短语。 17. in return 作为回报 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： in return for 作为对……的回报 give sth in return 回报某物 例句： She helped me with my English, and in return, I taught her Chinese. 中考考点： 完形填空高频短语，常出现在"互帮互助"类语篇中。 18. deal /diːl/ n. 交易；协议 v. (dealt, dealt) 对付 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： deal with 处理；对付 a great deal of 大量（接不可数名词） make a deal 达成协议 例句： How do you usually deal with stress? 中考考点： deal with 与 do with 辨析：deal with 常与 how 连用，do with 常与 what 连用。 19. manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v. 完成（困难的事）；管理 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： manage to do sth 设法做成某事 manage a company 管理公司 manage time 管理时间 例句： He managed to finish the work on time. 中考考点： manage to do sth 强调"成功做成某事"，与 try to do sth（尝试做，不一定成功）区分。 20. get into 开始做某事；进入 ★★ 拓展短语： get into trouble 陷入麻烦 get into the habit of 养成……的习惯 get into a good school 进入好学校 例句： He got into the habit of reading before bed. 21. give it a go 试一试某事 ★★ 拓展短语： have a go 尝试一下 give sth a try 试试某事 例句： I've never tried rock climbing, but I'll give it a go. 22. kung fu /ˌkʌŋ ˈfuː/ n. 功夫 ★ 拓展短语： practice kung fu 练功夫 kung fu master 功夫大师 例句： Many foreigners are interested in Chinese kung fu. 23. push /pʊʃ/ v. 督促；推 ★★ 拓展短语： push sb to do sth 督促某人做某事 push forward 推进 push through 挤过 例句： My parents always push me to study harder. 24. myself /maɪˈself/ pron. 我自己 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： by myself 独自；靠自己 enjoy myself 玩得开心 teach myself 自学 例句： I can finish the task by myself. 中考考点： 反身代词常考固定搭配，如 by oneself、enjoy oneself、teach oneself。 25. once in a while 偶尔地；间或 ★★ 拓展短语： every once in a while 偶尔 once in a while = occasionally 例句： We go to the cinema once in a while. 26. chat /tʃæt/ v.&n. 闲聊 ★★ 拓展短语： chat with sb 与某人聊天 chat online 在线聊天 have a chat 聊一聊 例句： I often chat with my friends online after school. 27. outing /ˈaʊtɪŋ/ n. 出外游玩；远足 ★ 拓展短语： go on an outing 去远足 a family outing 家庭出游 a school outing 学校郊游 例句： Our class had an outing to the park last weekend. 28. go on an outing 出外游玩 ★ 例句： We plan to go on an outing to the countryside. 29. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： reduce pollution 减少污染 reduce the cost 降低成本 reduce by 减少了（幅度） reduce to 减少到 例句： We should reduce the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. 中考考点： 环保类话题高频词，常考 reduce by 与 reduce to 的区别。 30. stress /stres/ n. 精神压力；紧张 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： under stress 在压力下 deal with stress 应对压力 reduce stress 减轻压力 stressed out 压力大的 例句： Listening to music is a good way to reduce stress. 中考考点： 心理健康类话题高频词，常出现在完形填空和阅读中。 31. yoga /ˈjəʊgə/ n. 瑜伽 ★ 拓展短语： do yoga 做瑜伽 yoga class 瑜伽课 例句： My mother does yoga every morning to keep fit. 32. object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ n. 物品；宾语 ★★ 拓展短语： object to doing sth 反对做某事（动词用法） direct object 直接宾语 everyday objects 日常物品 例句： What is that shiny object on the table? 33. Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ adj. 意大利的 n. 意大利人；意大利语 ★★ 拓展短语： Italian food 意大利美食 Italian culture 意大利文化 例句： I like Italian food, especially pizza and pasta. 34. programmer /ˈprəʊgræmə(r)/ n. 程序设计员 ★★ 拓展短语： computer programmer 计算机程序员 become a programmer 成为程序员 例句： He wants to be a computer programmer when he grows up. 35. allow /əˈlaʊ/ v. 使……成为可能；允许 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 例句： My parents don't allow me to stay up late. 中考考点： 常考 allow sb to do sth 结构，被动语态 be allowed to do sth 也是高频考点。 36. sense /sens/ n. 感觉；感官 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： a sense of humor 幽默感 a sense of achievement 成就感 a sense of direction 方向感 make sense 有意义；讲得通 例句： He has a strong sense of responsibility. 中考考点： make sense 是中考常考短语，完形填空和阅读理解中经常出现。 37. achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： a sense of achievement 成就感 great achievements 伟大成就 academic achievement 学业成就 例句： Passing the exam was a great achievement for him. 中考考点： 词性转换：achieve v. → achievement n.，写作中可用于描述成长和进步。 38. coin /kɔɪn/ n. 硬币 ★★ 拓展短语： collect coins 收集硬币 gold coin 金币 the other side of the coin 事情的另一面 例句： My grandfather enjoys collecting old coins. 39. stamp /stæmp/ n. 邮票 ★★ 拓展短语： collect stamps 集邮 stamp collection 集邮 postage stamp 邮票 例句： I have a large collection of stamps from different countries. 40. teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj. 青少年的 ★★ 拓展短语： teenage years 青少年时期 teenage problems 青少年问题 teenage life 青少年生活 例句： Teenage years are full of changes and challenges. 41. postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/ n. 明信片 ★ 拓展短语： send a postcard 寄明信片 a postcard from 来自……的明信片 例句： She sent me a postcard from Paris. 42. rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ adv. 相当；更准确地说 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： rather than 而不是 or rather 更确切地说 would rather do sth 宁愿做某事 例句： I would rather stay at home than go out. 中考考点： would rather do sth than do sth 是中考高频句型，rather than 也常考。 43. old-fashioned /ˌəʊld ˈfæʃnd/ adj. 过时的；守旧的 ★★ 拓展短语： old-fashioned ideas 过时的观念 old-fashioned clothes 老式衣服 例句： My grandfather has some old-fashioned ideas about education. 44. foreign /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的；国外的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： foreign language 外语 foreign country 外国 foreign culture 外国文化 例句： Learning a foreign language opens up new opportunities. 中考考点： 词性转换：foreign adj. → foreigner n. 外国人，常出现在文化交流类话题中。 45. dream of 梦想；希望 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： dream of doing sth 梦想做某事 dream about 梦见 dream come true 梦想成真 例句： She dreams of becoming a famous singer. 中考考点： dream of doing sth 是中考常考短语，写作中可用于表达理想和愿望。 46. suggestion /səˈdʒestʃn/ n. 建议；提议 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： make a suggestion 提建议 follow one's suggestion 听从某人的建议 at one's suggestion 根据某人的建议 例句： Can you give me some suggestions on how to learn English well? 中考考点： suggestion 是可数名词，其后的表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气 (should) do。同义词 advice 不可数。 47. failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： fear of failure 害怕失败 end in failure 以失败告终 failure is the mother of success 失败是成功之母 例句： Failure is not the end; it's a chance to learn and grow. 中考考点： 词性转换：fail v. → failure n.，常出现在励志类语篇中。 48. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 inspire confidence 激发信心 be inspired by 受到……的启发 例句： His story inspired many young people to follow their dreams. 中考考点： 词性转换：inspire v. → inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人/事，写作高频词。 49. strict /strɪkt/ adj. 严厉的；严格的 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth 对某事严格 strict rules 严格的规定 例句： My parents are strict with me, but I know they love me. 中考考点： 常考 be strict with sb 和 be strict in sth 的介词搭配区别。 50. surprisingly /səˈpraɪzɪŋli/ adv. 出人意料地；惊人地 ★★ 拓展短语： surprisingly easy 出奇地容易 not surprisingly 毫不奇怪 例句： Surprisingly, he passed the exam without much preparation. 51. so far 到目前为止 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： so far so good 到目前为止一切顺利 so far = up to now / until now 例句： So far, we have learned over 2,000 English words. 中考考点： so far 是现在完成时的标志词，中考语法选择常考。 52. cough /kɒf/ n.&v. 咳嗽 ★★ 拓展短语： have a cough 咳嗽 cough badly 咳得厉害 cough medicine 止咳药 例句： You should see a doctor if your cough doesn't get better. 53. bruised /bruːzd/ adj. 受了瘀伤的 ★ 拓展短语： get bruised 受伤瘀青 bruised knee 擦伤的膝盖 例句： He fell off his bike and got his knee bruised. 54. suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ v. 受苦；遭受 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： suffer from 受……折磨；患……病 suffer pain 遭受痛苦 suffer loss 遭受损失 例句： Many people in the world still suffer from hunger. 中考考点： suffer from 是中考常考短语，后接疾病、痛苦等名词。 55. suffer from 受苦；受折磨 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： suffer from a cold 患感冒 suffer from stress 承受压力 suffer from headaches 头痛 例句： She has been suffering from a bad cold for a week. 56. take a seat 坐下 ★★ 拓展短语： take a seat = sit down 坐下 take one's seat 就座 例句： Please come in and take a seat. 57. take one's temperature 给某人量体温 ★★ 例句： The nurse took my temperature before the doctor came in. 58. test /test/ n.&v. 检查；测验 ★★★ 📌 拓展短语： take a test 参加考试 pass a test 通过考试 test one's ability 测试某人的能力 例句： We will have a math test next Monday. 59. flu /fluː/ n. 流行性感冒 ★★ 拓展短语： have the flu 患流感 flu virus 流感病毒 flu vaccine 流感疫苗 例句： Many students were absent because of the flu. 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $