第02讲 冠词（预习讲义，全国通用）英语小升初衔接

第02讲 冠词 内容导航 预习目标 新课一点通 新知检测 1.掌握不定冠词a/an的基本用法；常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况及常考的固定搭配。 2.掌握定冠词的基本用法和易错点及定冠词常考固定搭配。 3.掌握零冠词基本用法和易错点及零冠词常考固定搭配 新知导图 预习精讲 知识点01 不定冠词a/an的用法 1.不定冠词a/an的用法（a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an 用于元音音素开头的词前。注意：区别元/辅音字母和元/辅音音素） 用法 示例 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类 My mother bought me a book. 用于首次提到的单数可数名词前 I went to the shop and bought a watch. 用于泛指人或物的身份或性质 A teacher can influence many students. 用于序数词前表示“又一，再一” After reading the story， he wants to read a second time. 用于替代弱化的one“一” I have an umbrella. 表示“每一”，相当于every He goes to the shop three times a week. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 He ate with a knife and fork. 用于物质名词前，表示“一杯、一份、一阵”等 What a heavy rain it was！ 【拓展】常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况 易混类别 示例 Aa an actor， an apple， an artist， an amazing singer， an American writer， an astronaut Ee an egg， an eight-year-old girl， an exciting job， an eleven-year-old girl 【易错】a European country i an idea， an interesting story， an important part o an old man， an orange one， an outgoing girl　【易错】a one-month holiday Uu an umbrella， an unusual experience， an unhappy girl， an ugly man 【易错】a UFO， a unit， a university， a useless/useful suggestion， a usual trip 英文字母前 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a， e， f， h， i， l， m， n， o， r， s， x（口诀助记：Mr. Li has one fox） 特别记 an honest boy， an hour， an honor， a hero 易混助记： ①在部分数词前要用an，主要有8，18，80，800，11等。如： An 18-year-old girl finished the dance competition successfully. 一个18岁的女孩成功地完成了舞蹈比赛。 ②In a university， a European and a one-eyed man walked with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具走着。这是一件平常之事。 ③An hour ago， an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一个小时以前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，然后去完成一项光荣的任务。 知识点02 定冠词the的用法 2.定冠词the的用法 用法 示例 特指说话双方都知道的人或物（2018.21） She went to the supermarket to buy some fruit. 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或者事物 The train goes faster than the bus. 指上文提过的人或物 There is a bed in the room. And the bed is mine. 用在next， last， same， only等词前 I’m the only child in my family. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is shining brightly. 用于序数词或形容词和副词最高级前 He is the tallest boy in his class. 用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名称之前 the Pacific Ocean；the Yellow River；the Yangtze River 用在乐器名称前 She likes playing the piano. 用于形容词前，表一类人或事物 The young should help the old. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Greens will go boating with us. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the United States 用在年代前 in the 1980s 知识点03 零冠词的用法 用法 示例 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词前 Money can’t buy you happiness. 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、棋类、学科等名词前 have supper；play football；play chess；learn English 不可数名词、复数名词前（泛指某类人或事物时） Children like animals. 在星期、月份、季节、西方节日前 （注意：我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前，要加定冠词the，如the Mid-Autumn Festival） on Friday；in March；in spring；Mother’s Day 在称呼语、职位、头衔等名词前 We made him manager of the company. 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前 Beijing Street；Baiyun Airport 名词前已有this， that， my， your， some， any， every， each等限定词修饰时 My pen is much more expensive than yours. 与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train， by bus 知识点04 冠词的固定搭配 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 by the way顺便问一下 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 for the time being暂时 in the daytime在白天 in the end最后，终于 for the first time第一次 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在....的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 for the first time第一次 零冠词常考固定搭配 at risk 有危险 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 by mistake 错误地，无意地 by chance/accident 碰巧地 lose heart 灰心 catch fire 着火 at last最终 for example 例如 in debt 负债 in place 在恰当的位置 after school放学后 give way to 给……让路 in danger 处于危险之中 in order有序 take part in 参加 out of control 失控 set fire to放火 out of work 失业 face to face 面对面地 under repair 处于维修中 on time按时 day and night 夜以继日地 heart and soul 全心全意地 take care of照顾 take pride in...以......为自豪 in time及时 with pleasure高兴地 come into power/effect开始执政/生效 take office就职 do harm to...对......有害 from morning till night 从早到晚 on purpose 故意地 in condition状况良好 at dawn/noon/dusk在黎明/正午/黄昏 in advance预先 【易错提醒】 以辅音音素开头的单词前使用a，以元音音素开头的单词前使用an。但要注意以下两种情况： 有些单词开头的辅音字母并不发音，即该单词的读音实际上是以元音音素开头的，要使用an，如：hour, honest, honor等。 an hour，an honest man。 2.节日前不用冠词，但我国的传统节日前用定冠词。 The Spring Festival春节； the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节； 3.定冠词the可以用于二者之中的比较级前表示最高级的含义。 Jim is the thinner of the two boys.吉姆是两个男孩中比较瘦的那个。 4.形容词only, very, same修饰名词时前面用定冠词the。 He is the very boy that I have been looking for.他就是我一直在寻找的那个男孩。 5.不定冠词在句中的位置：such a/an＋单数可数名词；quite a/an＋单数可数名词；rather a/an＋单数可数名词。如果修饰名词的形容词前有so， as， too， how等副词，则不定冠词一般放在形容词和名词之间。 He is as clever a boy as Tom.他是一个像汤姆一样聪明的男孩。 It is too difficult a book for beginners.这本书对初学者来说太难了。 【典例示范】 1．We took ________ tour by ________ coach to the Summer Palace. A．the; the B．the; / C．a; the D．a; / 【牛刀小试】 1．Mr. Wu told us ________ interesting story and ________ story was about Mulan. A．an; the B．the; the C．an; a 2．Mr. Wu told us ________ interesting story and ________ story was about Mulan. A．an; the B．the; the C．an; a 3．On ________ Children’s Day, Jack received a prize for being ________ honest boy. A．a; the B．/; the C．/; an D．the; a 4．Every child should go to ________ school at the age of six in China. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 基础过关 一、单项选择 1．The Earth is ________ beautiful home for all living things. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．There is ________ exhibition in ________ National History Museum. A．an; the B．a; the C．/; the D．an; / 3．—Mary, who’s________ woman over there? —She’s my aunt, ________ English teacher. A．the; the B．a; the C．the; an D．a; an 4．My aunt has only one child, and she wants ________ child. A．the second B．a second C．two D．second 5．Once upon ________ time, there was ________ brave young boy living in the forest. A．a; a B．an; a C．/; the D．the; an 6．Don’t be ________ couch potato on your days off. Have fun in ________ balanced way. A．a; a B．不填;a C．a; 不填 D．不填;不填 7．It’s ________ pleasure to see ________ sun rising in ________ east. A．/; the; / B．a; /; / C．a; the; the D．/; the; the 8．We all know that Beijing is ________ capital of China. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 9．This is ________ eraser. ________ eraser is yellow. A．an; An B．an; The C．a; The D．a; A 10．________ old lady with white hair spoke ________ English well at ________ meeting. A．An; an; a B．The; /; an C．The; /; a D．The; /; the 11．We can see ________ sun in the daytime and ________ moon at night. A．a; a B．an; an C．the; the D．/; / 12．________ first class begins at 8:00 every morning. A．The B．A C．An D．/ 13．Wang Xiaohua likes hiking and playing ________ guitar. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 14．Sometimes I feel lonely because I am ________ only child in my family. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 15．We should help ________ poor. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 16．Beijing is a big city. It is in ________ north of China. A．the B．a C．an D．/ 17．Eric is ________ blind child and now he studies at a special school for ________ blind. A．a; the B．a; a C．the; a D．/; an 18．—I usually go to school by ________ bike. How about you? —I usually go to school on ________bus. A．a; a B．a; / C．/; / D．/; a 19．—What language can you speak? —I can speak ________ English and a little ________ Japanese. A．the; the B．/; / C．an; a D．a; an 20．We always play ________ basketball together on Saturdays. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 二、单词拼写 21．This is _________ (a) orange cap. 22．The teacher’s desk is in front of ________ (a) blackboard. 23．It was ________ (a) enjoyable day spent with a new friend, filled with both challenges and delightful moments. 24．Now we have ________ (a) online meeting every Friday. 25．I want to have ________ (a/an) egg for breakfast. 三、阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 There is a new shopping mall near our school. Many students often go shopping there. Here 26 some students’ ideas about it. Li Xiang: I usually go to the shopping mall 27 my parents in the evening. The fruit section (区) is my favorite place. Wang Junfeng: The environment (环境) of the shopping mall is great. I really like the colorful lanterns there. 28 is very nice to shop there. Xiaoming: There is always something on sale in the clothes section. 29 save money, I always buy clothes for my family in the clothes section. Lingling: I like going there because there are music shows on weekends on 30 sixth floor—the top floor of the shopping mall. I enjoy the beautiful music there. 能力提升 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。 Space is a wonderful and mysterious place. The Earth is a blue planet 1 lives in space. It goes around the sun. The moon is Earth’s satellite. It goes around 2 Earth. There are no living things on the moon. There is no air water there. The day on the moon is much hotter 4 the day on Earth, and the night is much colder. It is not suitable for people 5 on the moon. Scientists are always studying space. They send spaceships 6 space to learn more knowledge. Many astronauts work hard 7 explore the universe. They find there are 8 planets, stars and galaxies in space. Travelling to space is not easy. It needs lots of money and high technology. But more and more people 9 interested in space travel. I believe space travel 10 become common in the future. 1．A．who B．which C．what D．where 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ ．A．or B．and C．but D．so 4．A．as B．than C．then D．like 5．A．live B．living C．to live D．lives 6．A．into B．in C．on D．at 7．A．for B．to C．of D．with 8．A．thousand of B．thousands of C．thousand D．thousands 9．A．is B．are C．was D．were 10．A．will B．shall C．can D．should 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know the word “brunch”? It is a combination (结合) of the two words: breakfast 1 lunch. Imagine (想象) someone 2 (wake) up late on a Saturday or Sunday. It’s too late for breakfast and too early for lunch. What can he do? He can have brunch! People often have brunch between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. at weekends. They would like to get up late after a 3 (week) hard work or would like 4 (have) brunch with their parents or friends. That is a relaxing and 5 (interest) way of eating for most families. Today, brunch has become popular in big hotels. One can ask for or cook it oneself. To make it look like both breakfast and lunch, there are many different 6 (kind) of food to choose from. You may often see the following food 7 the table: meat, eggs, fruit, vegetables, orange juice, tea and bacon. Brunch is more than just eating; it is about 8 (spend) time chatting with each other. It is a wonderful way to enjoy 9 (you) day! So, next weekend, if you wake up late, why not try having brunch? You will enjoy 10 easy and slow morning! （学生选做）挑战一刻 1．（2026·甘肃武威·中考真题）For learning English, first you need to become ________ active learner. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．（2026·江西·中考真题）I have ________ big family. All my family enjoy music. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．（2026·四川凉山·中考真题）—Have you ever heard of ________ old Grandma Cai Gao who is 80 years old? —Sure. She won the 2026 Hans Christian Andersen Award for Illustration. A．a B．an C．the 4．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）My family went to have a hot pot in a restaurant for ________ my father’s birthday. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 5．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Panzhihua is ________ amazing city for people to live in. —Exactly! It successfully became the National Civilized (文明的) City in May. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 6．（2025·西藏·中考真题）DeepSeek is ________ new AI tool. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 7．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Have you seen ________ film Ne Zha 2 yet? —Of course. I’ve never seen a more interesting film than this one before. A．a B．an C．the 8．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you like ________ movie Nezha 2? —I think it is ________ exciting movie. A．the; a B．a; the C．the; an 9．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）There was ________ one-meter-tall robot welcoming me when I went into the bank. A．an B．a C．the 10．（2025·天津·中考真题）Mary usually rides ________ bike to school. Sometimes she also goes by ________ bus. A．a; 不填 B．不填; a C．the; a D．a; a 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第02讲 冠词 内容导航 预习目标 新课一点通 新知检测 1.掌握不定冠词a/an的基本用法；常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况及常考的固定搭配。 2.掌握定冠词的基本用法和易错点及定冠词常考固定搭配。 3.掌握零冠词基本用法和易错点及零冠词常考固定搭配 新知导图 预习精讲 知识点01 不定冠词a/an的用法 1.不定冠词a/an的用法（a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an 用于元音音素开头的词前。注意：区别元/辅音字母和元/辅音音素） 用法 示例 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类 My mother bought me a book. 用于首次提到的单数可数名词前 I went to the shop and bought a watch. 用于泛指人或物的身份或性质 A teacher can influence many students. 用于序数词前表示“又一，再一” After reading the story， he wants to read a second time. 用于替代弱化的one“一” I have an umbrella. 表示“每一”，相当于every He goes to the shop three times a week. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 He ate with a knife and fork. 用于物质名词前，表示“一杯、一份、一阵”等 What a heavy rain it was！ 【拓展】常见的易混用不定冠词a和an的情况 易混类别 示例 Aa an actor， an apple， an artist， an amazing singer， an American writer， an astronaut Ee an egg， an eight-year-old girl， an exciting job， an eleven-year-old girl 【易错】a European country i an idea， an interesting story， an important part o an old man， an orange one， an outgoing girl　【易错】a one-month holiday Uu an umbrella， an unusual experience， an unhappy girl， an ugly man 【易错】a UFO， a unit， a university， a useless/useful suggestion， a usual trip 英文字母前 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a， e， f， h， i， l， m， n， o， r， s， x（口诀助记：Mr. Li has one fox） 特别记 an honest boy， an hour， an honor， a hero 易混助记： ①在部分数词前要用an，主要有8，18，80，800，11等。如： An 18-year-old girl finished the dance competition successfully. 一个18岁的女孩成功地完成了舞蹈比赛。 ②In a university， a European and a one-eyed man walked with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具走着。这是一件平常之事。 ③An hour ago， an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一个小时以前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，然后去完成一项光荣的任务。 知识点02 定冠词the的用法 2.定冠词the的用法 用法 示例 特指说话双方都知道的人或物（2018.21） She went to the supermarket to buy some fruit. 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或者事物 The train goes faster than the bus. 指上文提过的人或物 There is a bed in the room. And the bed is mine. 用在next， last， same， only等词前 I’m the only child in my family. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is shining brightly. 用于序数词或形容词和副词最高级前 He is the tallest boy in his class. 用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等名称之前 the Pacific Ocean；the Yellow River；the Yangtze River 用在乐器名称前 She likes playing the piano. 用于形容词前，表一类人或事物 The young should help the old. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Greens will go boating with us. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the United States 用在年代前 in the 1980s 知识点03 零冠词的用法 用法 示例 表示泛指意义的物质名词、抽象名词前 Money can’t buy you happiness. 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、棋类、学科等名词前 have supper；play football；play chess；learn English 不可数名词、复数名词前（泛指某类人或事物时） Children like animals. 在星期、月份、季节、西方节日前 （注意：我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前，要加定冠词the，如the Mid-Autumn Festival） on Friday；in March；in spring；Mother’s Day 在称呼语、职位、头衔等名词前 We made him manager of the company. 人名、地名、街道名、城市名、州、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前 Beijing Street；Baiyun Airport 名词前已有this， that， my， your， some， any， every， each等限定词修饰时 My pen is much more expensive than yours. 与by连用的交通工具名词前 by train， by bus 知识点04 冠词的固定搭配 定冠词the的常用固定搭配 at the same time同时 at the moment此刻 all the year round一年到头 all the time一直 at the age of...在...岁时 at the beginning/end of...在...结束时 by the way顺便问一下 go to the cinema去看电影 go to the doctor's去看医生 for the time being暂时 in the daytime在白天 in the end最后，终于 for the first time第一次 in the habit of习惯于 in the distance在远处 in the way挡路 on the whole总的来说 make the most/best of充分利用 on the right/left在右/左面 the other day前几天 on the radio/phone通过无线电/电话 to tell (you) the truth说实话 in the form of...以......的形式 on the spot在场；到场；立即；马上； with the help of...在....的帮助下 the next day第二天 not in the least (＝not at all)一点也不 on the way to...在去......的路上 on the eve of...在......的前夕 in the habit of...有......的习惯 on the other hand...另一方面…… on the whole总的来说 to the point中肯，切题 for the first time第一次 零冠词常考固定搭配 at risk 有危险 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 by mistake 错误地，无意地 by chance/accident 碰巧地 lose heart 灰心 catch fire 着火 at last最终 for example 例如 in debt 负债 in place 在恰当的位置 after school放学后 give way to 给……让路 in danger 处于危险之中 in order有序 take part in 参加 out of control 失控 set fire to放火 out of work 失业 face to face 面对面地 under repair 处于维修中 on time按时 day and night 夜以继日地 heart and soul 全心全意地 take care of照顾 take pride in...以......为自豪 in time及时 with pleasure高兴地 come into power/effect开始执政/生效 take office就职 do harm to...对......有害 from morning till night 从早到晚 on purpose 故意地 in condition状况良好 at dawn/noon/dusk在黎明/正午/黄昏 in advance预先 【易错提醒】 以辅音音素开头的单词前使用a，以元音音素开头的单词前使用an。但要注意以下两种情况： 有些单词开头的辅音字母并不发音，即该单词的读音实际上是以元音音素开头的，要使用an，如：hour, honest, honor等。 an hour，an honest man。 2.节日前不用冠词，但我国的传统节日前用定冠词。 The Spring Festival春节； the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节； 3.定冠词the可以用于二者之中的比较级前表示最高级的含义。 Jim is the thinner of the two boys.吉姆是两个男孩中比较瘦的那个。 4.形容词only, very, same修饰名词时前面用定冠词the。 He is the very boy that I have been looking for.他就是我一直在寻找的那个男孩。 5.不定冠词在句中的位置：such a/an＋单数可数名词；quite a/an＋单数可数名词；rather a/an＋单数可数名词。如果修饰名词的形容词前有so， as， too， how等副词，则不定冠词一般放在形容词和名词之间。 He is as clever a boy as Tom.他是一个像汤姆一样聪明的男孩。 It is too difficult a book for beginners.这本书对初学者来说太难了。 【典例示范】 1．We took ________ tour by ________ coach to the Summer Palace. A．the; the B．the; / C．a; the D．a; / 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们乘长途汽车去颐和园旅游。考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据句意可知，第一个空表泛指，且空后的“tour”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用不定冠词a；by coach“乘长途汽车”，固定词组。故选D。 【牛刀小试】 1．Mr. Wu told us ________ interesting story and ________ story was about Mulan. A．an; the B．the; the C．an; a 【答案】A 【解析】句意：吴老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，这个故事是关于花木兰的。考查冠词。第一空表示泛指，interesting是以元音音素开头的，因此不定冠词应选用an；第二空特指上文提到的故事，因此应选用定冠词the。故选A。 2．Mr. Wu told us ________ interesting story and ________ story was about Mulan. A．an; the B．the; the C．an; a 【答案】A 【解析】句意：吴老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，这个故事是关于花木兰的。考查冠词。第一空表示泛指，interesting是以元音音素开头的，因此不定冠词应选用an；第二空特指上文提到的故事，因此应选用定冠词the。故选A。 3．On ________ Children’s Day, Jack received a prize for being ________ honest boy. A．a; the B．/; the C．/; an D．the; a 【答案】C 【解析】句意：儿童节那天，杰克因为做一个诚实的男孩而得到了奖品。考查冠词的用法。以“Day”结尾的节日前不加冠词，故排除AD；后半句泛指一个男孩，honest以元音音素开头，所以不定冠词用an。故选C。 4．Every child should go to ________ school at the age of six in China. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在中国每个孩子在六岁时都应该去上学。不定冠词a/an一个，通常用于泛指，a用于辅音因素开头的单词前，an用于元音因素开头的单词前；定冠词the这个、那个，通常用于特指；这里是零冠词用于固定搭配go to school去上学，go to the school去学校，但可能是去学校做其他的事情；这里指是6岁去上学，接受义务教育；故选D。 基础过关 一、单项选择 1．The Earth is ________ beautiful home for all living things. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：地球是所有生物的一个美丽的家园。a/an是不定冠词，表泛指；the是定冠词，表特指；/为零冠词。空后beautiful是以辅音音素/b/开头的单词，此处表示“一个美丽的家园”，表泛指，辅音音素开头用a，应填a。 2．There is ________ exhibition in ________ National History Museum. A．an; the B．a; the C．/; the D．an; / 【答案】A 【详解】句意：国家历史博物馆里有一个展览。  第一空，“exhibition”以元音音素/e/开头，且此处为泛指“一个展览”，应用不定冠词an。  第二空，“National History Museum”是由普通名词构成的专有名称（博物馆名），属于专有名词，前面需加定冠词the。 3．—Mary, who’s________ woman over there? —She’s my aunt, ________ English teacher. A．the; the B．a; the C．the; an D．a; an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——玛丽，那儿的女士是谁？——她是我的阿姨，一个英语老师。考查冠词。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素开头单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。特指那里的女人，要用the；职业前用不定冠词，由于English以元音膏素开头，用不定冠词an。故选C。 4．My aunt has only one child, and she wants ________ child. A．the second B．a second C．two D．second 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姑姑只有一个孩子，她想要第二个孩子。序数词前通常需加冠词，不定冠词加序数词表示“又一，再一”；定冠词加序数词表示特指顺序“第几”。根据“has only one child”可知，已经有一个孩子，此处表示“再要一个”，应用“不定冠词a+序数词”结构。故选B。 5．Once upon ________ time, there was ________ brave young boy living in the forest. A．a; a B．an; a C．/; the D．the; an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：从前，森林里住着一个勇敢的年轻男孩。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个。固定短语Once upon a time意为“从前”，第一空填 a；此处表示泛指“一个勇敢的年轻男孩”，且brave以辅音音素开头，第二空填a。 6．Don’t be ________ couch potato on your days off. Have fun in ________ balanced way. A．a; a B．不填;a C．a; 不填 D．不填;不填 【答案】A 【详解】句意：休假期间不要做一个整天看电视的人。要以一种平衡的方式娱乐。couch potato是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个……的人”，且couch以辅音音素开头，故第一空用不定冠词a；in a... way为固定搭配，意为“以一种……的方式”，balanced以辅音音素开头，故第二空用不定冠词a。故选A。 7．It’s ________ pleasure to see ________ sun rising in ________ east. A．/; the; / B．a; /; / C．a; the; the D．/; the; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看到太阳从东方升起令人愉悦。考查冠词。“pleasure愉悦”是抽象名词，第一空需用冠词a将其具体化，表示“一件令人愉悦的事情”；“sun太阳”属于独一无二的事物，前面加定冠词the；in the east“在东方”，固定短语。故选C。 8．We all know that Beijing is ________ capital of China. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们都知道北京是中国的首都。a一个；an一个；/ 不填；the这/那（特指）。根据“Beijing is...capital of China”可知，中国的首都是唯一的，表示特指，应用定冠词the。 9．This is ________ eraser. ________ eraser is yellow. A．an; An B．an; The C．a; The D．a; A 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是一块橡皮。这块橡皮是黄色的。an一个（用于元音音素前，表示泛指）；The这个（定冠词，表示特指第二次提及的事物）；a一个（用于辅音音素前，表示泛指）。第一空eraser为首次提到，且以元音音素开头，应用an；第二空再次提到，表示特指，应用The；应填an; The。 10．________ old lady with white hair spoke ________ English well at ________ meeting. A．An; an; a B．The; /; an C．The; /; a D．The; /; the 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那个长着白头发的老太太在会议上英语说得很好。名词“old lady”后有介词短语“with white hair”作后置定语进行限制修饰，表示特指，需使用定冠词The；在英语中，表示语言的名词（如English）单独作宾语时前不加冠词，即使用零冠词（/）；此处的“meeting”特指说话双方都知道的那次会议，需使用定冠词the表示特指。应填The；/；the。 11．We can see ________ sun in the daytime and ________ moon at night. A．a; a B．an; an C．the; the D．/; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们可以在白天看到太阳，在夜里看到月亮。a一个（不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，表示泛指）；an一个（不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的可数名词单数，表示泛指）；the这/那（定冠词，用于特指）；/零冠词（不填冠词）。根据第一空后的“sun”和第二空后的“moon”可知，这两个名词在自然界和宇宙中都属于独一无二、唯一的事物。世界上独一无二的事物前必须使用定冠词the来修饰。 12．________ first class begins at 8:00 every morning. A．The B．A C．An D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天早晨第一节课8点开始。The表特指，定冠词；A一个，表泛指，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；An一个，表泛指，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/表示不填，零冠词。序数词“first”前面通常加定冠词the，表示特指顺序。应填The。 13．Wang Xiaohua likes hiking and playing ________ guitar. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：王晓华喜欢远足和弹吉他。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头的词前）；an一个（用于元音音素开头的词前）；the这个（定冠词）；/零冠词。表示演奏某种乐器时，乐器名词前必须加定冠词the，play the guitar为固定搭配，表示“弹吉他”。 14．Sometimes I feel lonely because I am ________ only child in my family. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有时我感到孤独，因为我是家里唯一的孩子。a一个（不定冠词，泛指）；an一个（不定冠词，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前）；the定冠词，特指；/不填。only意为“唯一的”，修饰名词时表示独一无二的事物，前面需用定冠词the特指，构成the only child 结构。 15．We should help ________ poor. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该帮助穷人。a一个；an一个；the这个/特指；/不填。根据“the+形容词”表示一类人的用法，the poor意为“穷人”。应填the。 16．Beijing is a big city. It is in ________ north of China. A．the B．a C．an D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：北京是一个大城市。它位于中国的北方。the定冠词；a不定冠词；an不定冠词；/零冠词。根据“It is in…north of China.”可知，方位名词north前需加定冠词the，构成固定搭配in the north of…，表示“在……的北方”。应填the。 17．Eric is ________ blind child and now he studies at a special school for ________ blind. A．a; the B．a; a C．the; a D．/; an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Eric 是一个盲童，现在他在一所专门的盲人学校学习。a泛指“一个”，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指“一个”，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指；/零冠词。第一空表示泛指，指Eric是一名盲童，blind首字母发音为辅音，故填a；第二空考查“the+ 形容词”表示一类人，the blind意为盲人。 18．—I usually go to school by ________ bike. How about you? —I usually go to school on ________bus. A．a; a B．a; / C．/; / D．/; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我通常骑自行车去上学。你呢？——我通常乘公共汽车去上学。by后直接加交通工具单数名词表示“乘坐……”，中间不加冠词；on后加交通工具名词表示“乘坐……”时，中间需加不定冠词a。 19．—What language can you speak? —I can speak ________ English and a little ________ Japanese. A．the; the B．/; / C．an; a D．a; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你会说什么语言？——我会说英语和一点日语。 语言名称前不加冠词，English和Japanese均为语言，应用零冠词/。 20．We always play ________ basketball together on Saturdays. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们总是在周六一起打篮球。play后接球类运动名词时，中间不加任何冠词。play basketball意为“打篮球”，是固定搭配，不需要加a、an或 the，应用零冠词。 二、单词拼写 21．This is _________ (a) orange cap. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：这是一顶橙色的帽子。orange这个单词的发音是以元音音素/ɒ/（或/ɔː/）开头的，当单词以元音音素开头时，前面的不定冠词要用an。 22．The teacher’s desk is in front of ________ (a) blackboard. 【答案】the 【详解】句意：讲台在这块黑板的前面。根据语境，讲台桌在这块黑板的前面，这块黑板是大家都知道的，表示特指，用the。 23．It was ________ (a) enjoyable day spent with a new friend, filled with both challenges and delightful moments. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：这是与新朋友度过的愉快的一天，充满了挑战和欢乐的时刻。句中“enjoyable”以元音音素开头，前应使用不定冠词“an”，故填an。 24．Now we have ________ (a) online meeting every Friday. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：我们现在每周五都有一场线上会议。空格后online meeting为可数名词单数，online以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。 25．I want to have ________ (a/an) egg for breakfast. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：我早餐想吃一个鸡蛋。“a”和“an”都是不定冠词，用于泛指某一类事物中的一个，区别在于“a”用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，而“an”用在以元音音素开头的单词前。“egg”是以元音音素/e/开头的单词，因此应该使用“an”。故填an。 三、阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 There is a new shopping mall near our school. Many students often go shopping there. Here 26 some students’ ideas about it. Li Xiang: I usually go to the shopping mall 27 my parents in the evening. The fruit section (区) is my favorite place. Wang Junfeng: The environment (环境) of the shopping mall is great. I really like the colorful lanterns there. 28 is very nice to shop there. Xiaoming: There is always something on sale in the clothes section. 29 save money, I always buy clothes for my family in the clothes section. Lingling: I like going there because there are music shows on weekends on 30 sixth floor—the top floor of the shopping mall. I enjoy the beautiful music there. 【答案】26．are 27．with 28．It 29．To 30．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学校附近一家新购物中心，并呈现了四位学生对该商场的不同看法。 【详解】26．句意：这里是一些学生对它的看法。该句是Here be句型，主语some students’ ideas（一些学生的看法）是复数，且文章为一般现在时，be动词用are，故填are。 27．句意：我通常在晚上和父母一起去这家购物中心。go to... with sb.表示“和某人一起去某地”，此处表示和父母一同前往，用with引出对象。 28．句意：在那里购物非常棒。该句是“It is + 形容词 + to do sth. ”的句型，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to shop，故填It（位于句子开头，首字母需大写）。 29．句意：为了省钱，我总是在服装区给家人买衣服。此处用不定式To save money作目的状语，说明“在服装区买衣服”的目的是省钱，位于句子开头，首字母需大写，故填To。 30．句意：我喜欢去那里，因为周末在六楼 —— 商场的顶层，有音乐表演。表示具体的楼层时，序数词前需加定冠词the，on the sixth floor表示“在六楼”，故填the。 能力提升 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。 Space is a wonderful and mysterious place. The Earth is a blue planet 1 lives in space. It goes around the sun. The moon is Earth’s satellite. It goes around 2 Earth. There are no living things on the moon. There is no air water there. The day on the moon is much hotter 4 the day on Earth, and the night is much colder. It is not suitable for people 5 on the moon. Scientists are always studying space. They send spaceships 6 space to learn more knowledge. Many astronauts work hard 7 explore the universe. They find there are 8 planets, stars and galaxies in space. Travelling to space is not easy. It needs lots of money and high technology. But more and more people 9 interested in space travel. I believe space travel 10 become common in the future. 1．A．who B．which C．what D．where 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ ．A．or B．and C．but D．so 4．A．as B．than C．then D．like 5．A．live B．living C．to live D．lives 6．A．into B．in C．on D．at 7．A．for B．to C．of D．with 8．A．thousand of B．thousands of C．thousand D．thousands 9．A．is B．are C．was D．were 10．A．will B．shall C．can D．should 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了太空的奇妙与神秘，分别说明了地球、月球的特点，讲述人类探索太空的行动，并展望未来太空旅行会变得普及。 【详解】1．句意：地球是一颗存在于太空中的蓝色星球。 先行词planet（星球）是事物，定语从句缺少主语，要用关系代词which；who指代人，what不能引导定语从句，where在从句中作状语，均不符合语法。 2．句意：它围绕地球运转。 Earth是独一无二的专有名词，前面要加定冠词the；a/an用于泛指单数可数名词，零冠词不适用此处。 3．句意：月球上没有空气和水。 否定句中并列两个名词要用连词or；and用于肯定句，but表转折，so表结果，逻辑不符。 4．句意：月球上的白天比地球上的白天热得多，夜晚也冷得多。 much hotter是形容词比较级，比较级固定搭配用than；as用于原级比较，then、like无比较含义。 5．句意：月球不适合人类居住。 固定句型It is +形容词+for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是……的），此处需要不定式to live作真正主语。 6．句意：科学家们不断研究太空，他们发射宇宙飞船进入太空，获取更多知识。 固定搭配send spaceships into space表示“发射飞船进入太空”，into强调进入内部；in、on、at均不符合搭配。 7．句意：许多宇航员努力工作去探索宇宙。 不定式to explore作目的状语，表示努力工作的目的；for、of、with不能引导目的。 8．句意：他们发现太空中有成千上万的行星、恒星和星系。 固定短语thousands of表示“成千上万的”，模糊数量；thousand前有数字才不加s，无of结构不存在。 9．句意：但是越来越多的人对太空旅行感兴趣。 固定搭配be interested in（对……感兴趣）；主语people是复数，本文为一般现在时，be动词用are。 10．句意：我相信太空旅行在未来会变得普遍。 句中in the future（在将来）是一般将来时标志，will后接动词原形；shall主语只能为I/we，can表能力，should表建议，均不符合时态。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know the word “brunch”? It is a combination (结合) of the two words: breakfast 1 lunch. Imagine (想象) someone 2 (wake) up late on a Saturday or Sunday. It’s too late for breakfast and too early for lunch. What can he do? He can have brunch! People often have brunch between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. at weekends. They would like to get up late after a 3 (week) hard work or would like 4 (have) brunch with their parents or friends. That is a relaxing and 5 (interest) way of eating for most families. Today, brunch has become popular in big hotels. One can ask for or cook it oneself. To make it look like both breakfast and lunch, there are many different 6 (kind) of food to choose from. You may often see the following food 7 the table: meat, eggs, fruit, vegetables, orange juice, tea and bacon. Brunch is more than just eating; it is about 8 (spend) time chatting with each other. It is a wonderful way to enjoy 9 (you) day! So, next weekend, if you wake up late, why not try having brunch? You will enjoy 10 easy and slow morning! 【答案】 1．and 2．waking 3．week’s 4．to have 5．interesting 6．kinds 7．on 8．spending 9．your 10．an 【导语】本文为说明文，主要介绍早午餐的含义、食用时间、食用人群以及它带来的休闲生活意义。 【详解】1．句意：它是早餐和午餐两个单词的结合体。brunch是“breakfast”和“lunch”两个词的结合，两个名词并列，用并列连词and连接。 2．句意：想象某人在周六或周日很晚才醒来。固定用法imagine sb. doing sth.，意为“想象某人做某事”，需用动名词形式作宾语补足语。 3．句意：一周辛苦工作后，他们想晚点起床，或者想和父母、朋友一起吃早午餐。修饰名词“work”需用名词所有格。此处为week的名词所有格。 4．句意：一周辛苦工作后，他们想晚点起床，或者想和父母、朋友一起吃早午餐。“would like”后接动词不定式，表示“想要做某事”，固定搭配。 5．句意：对大多数家庭来说，这是一种放松又有趣的用餐方式。修饰事物名词way，用-ing形式的形容词interesting，意为“有趣的”。 6．句意：为了使它看起来既像早餐又像午餐，有很多不同种类的食物可供选择。many后接可数名词复数，kind复数形式为kinds。 7．句意：你经常会在餐桌上看到以下食物：肉、鸡蛋、水果、蔬菜、橙汁、茶和培根。表示“在桌子上”，用介词on。 8．句意：早午餐不只是吃，更是花时间相互闲谈。介词“about”后接动名词作宾语。 9．句意：这是享受美好一天的绝佳方式。修饰名词day，需用you的形容词性物主代词your。 10．句意：你会享受一个轻松缓慢的早晨！此处泛指“一个轻松缓慢的早晨”，easy以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。 （学生选做）挑战一刻 1．（2026·甘肃武威·中考真题）For learning English, first you need to become ________ active learner. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学习英语，首先你需要成为一个积极的学习者。a一个（不定冠词，用于辅音音素前）；an一个（不定冠词，用于元音音素前）；the这个/那个（定冠词，表示特指）；/零冠词。根据题干“active learner”可知，active以元音音素开头，且表示泛指“一个”积极的学习者，应填an。 2．（2026·江西·中考真题）I have ________ big family. All my family enjoy music. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我有一个大家庭。我所有的家人都喜欢音乐。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，表泛指）；an一个（用于元音音素开头的词前）；the这个（定冠词，表特指）；/零冠词。此处“big family”为首次提及的单数名词，且big以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a表示泛指，意为“一个大家庭”。 3．（2026·四川凉山·中考真题）—Have you ever heard of ________ old Grandma Cai Gao who is 80 years old? —Sure. She won the 2026 Hans Christian Andersen Award for Illustration. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听说过那位80岁的蔡皋老奶奶吗？——当然。她赢得了2026年国际安徒生插画奖。 a一个；an一个；the这/那。根据“old grandma Cai Gao who is 80 years old”可知，此处特指这位80岁的蔡皋老奶奶，表示特指应用定冠词the。 4．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）My family went to have a hot pot in a restaurant for ________ my father’s birthday. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我家人为了庆祝我父亲的生日，去了一家餐厅吃火锅。根据“my father’s birthday”，名词birthday前有物主代词my和名词所有格father’s修饰，前面不加冠词。 5．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Panzhihua is ________ amazing city for people to live in. —Exactly! It successfully became the National Civilized (文明的) City in May. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——攀枝花是一座适合人们居住的令人惊叹的城市。——没错！它在五月份成功成为了全国文明城市。a一个（用于辅音音素前）；an一个（用于元音音素前）；the这/那（特指）；/不填。此处表示泛指“一座城市”，且amazing是以元音音素开头的单词，故用an。 6．（2025·西藏·中考真题）DeepSeek is ________ new AI tool. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：DeepSeek是一种新的AI工具。考查冠词辨析。/零冠词；a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。根据“new AI tool”可知，此处泛指一种新的AI工具，且new是辅音音素开头的单词，用a表示泛指，故选B。 7．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Have you seen ________ film Ne Zha 2 yet? —Of course. I’ve never seen a more interesting film than this one before. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《哪吒2》了吗？——当然。我以前从未看过比这部更有趣的电影。  考查冠词用法。a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。这里“film Ne Zha 2”是特指这部特定的电影，所以要用定冠词“the”来修饰。故选C。 8．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you like ________ movie Nezha 2? —I think it is ________ exciting movie. A．the; a B．a; the C．the; an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得《哪吒2》这部电影怎么样？——我认为这是一部令人兴奋的电影。 考查冠词。第一空是特指《哪吒2》这部电影，用定冠词the；第二空是泛指一部令人兴奋的电影，exciting以元音音素开头，应用an。故选C。 9．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）There was ________ one-meter-tall robot welcoming me when I went into the bank. A．an B．a C．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我走进银行时，有一个一米高的机器人在欢迎我。考查冠词。此处泛指“一个一米高的机器人”，one以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选B。 10．（2025·天津·中考真题）Mary usually rides ________ bike to school. Sometimes she also goes by ________ bus. A．a; 不填 B．不填; a C．the; a D．a; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽通常骑自行车上学，有时她也乘公交车。考查冠词。ride a bike“骑自行车”，故第一空填a，表示骑一辆自行车，泛指她的交通工具；by bus“乘坐公交车”，故第二空不填，此处by bus是固定搭配，表示交通方式时不用冠词。故选A。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $