第10讲 Unit 2 Great people 单元检测 新九年级英语暑假预习讲义新教材沪教版

**基本信息** 本单元卷以“伟大思想”为主题，整合中外科学家（如王贞仪、达尔文）、文化经典（老子思想）及传统故事素材，通过语法、阅读、写作等多元题型，考查语言能力的同时渗透文化意识与思维品质，适配初中英语Unit 2暑假巩固提升。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|15题/15分|时态、代词、非谓语等|以王贞仪自学故事为语篇，考查语法在真实语境中的应用| |完形填空|10题/10分|词汇辨析、上下文理解|通过植物生长隐喻“伟大需经磨砺”，渗透思维品质| |阅读理解|45分（3节）|细节理解、推理判断、文化匹配|含达尔文传记（科学精神）、传统故事匹配（文化意识）等，梯度覆盖基础到拓展| |书面表达|1题/15分|问题解决类叙事|要求讲述“难题攻克经历”，融合语言表达与创新思维，呼应单元主题|

Unit 2 Great ideas自我检测 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为110分，考试时间为100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（70分） 一、语法选择（15分） Have you ever heard of Wang Zhenyi? Perhaps most of us didn’t know this great name 1 she was introduced in a CCTV programme. She lived in the Qing Dynasty, when educational chances for girls were very 2 . Yet, with 3 family’s strong support, she started a special journey of teaching herself, proving that true learning often begins with personal curiosity. When she was young, she 4 to read widely from the home library, which contained books on many different subjects. This early encouragement helped build 5 strong interest in astronomy. Unlike many people, she refused 6 unscientific ideas about events like lunar eclipses (月食). “I must see the truth 7 my own eyes,” she told herself. She kept this thought in mind 8 while doing her experiments late into the evening. Her way of working was serious and 9 , always step by step. To find out how a lunar eclipse happens, she placed simple objects in her room, creating a small model of the solar system. She moved a round table, a lamp, and a mirror slowly 10 the movements of the Earth, Sun, and Moon, demonstrating the cause of the eclipse. Through this simple but clever model, she explained 11 sunlight is shaded during this event, making a complex idea easy to understand. Her important 12 to science was realized mainly through writing. She 13 many clear and helpful articles. Even ordinary people could understand difficult ideas without needing special training. Her life was short, 14 her brave mind and clear thinking left a lasting mark on Chinese science. Today, her story continues to teach us that we 15 overcome problems and achieve great things through curiosity, hard work, and a belief in ourselves. 1. A. unless B. because C. after D. until 2. A. much B. little C. few D. many 3. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 4. A. allowed B. was allowed C. have allowed D. will allow 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. believe B. believing C. to believe D. believed 7. A. through B. by C. in D. with 8. A. quiet B. quieten C. quietly D. quietness 9. A. patient B. patiently C. more patient D. more patiently 10. A. copy B. to copy C. copying D. copied 11. A. how B. when C. what D. where 12. A. contribute B. contributes C. contributed D. contribution 13. A. write B. writes C. wrote D. will write 14. A. and B. but C. so D. or 15. A. can B. must C. should D. would 二、完形填空（10分） One day a little boy asked his father, “What does the word ‘great’ mean? Who are great people and how do they 16 great?” The father thought for a while and asked his son to bring two plants. Then, he told him to plant one of them inside the house and the other outside the house. The boy did as his father said. The father asked his son, “Which one of the two plants do you think will be 17 and bigger?” The boy replied, “The plant inside the house will be stronger, so it will grow bigger, while the plant outside the house is not safe at all. No one will be there to 18 it. It may be eaten by animals.” The father smiled and said, “Let’s wait 19 . We will know the answer.” Then the boy left for his studies and after four years, he came back to his house. He said to his father, “Look, nothing 20 to this plant inside the house and it is safe.” When the boy went outside, he was very 21 to see a big tree. The boy couldn’t believe his eyes. He couldn’t 22 how the plant outside was able to grow much bigger than the plant inside the house. “The plant standing outside the house faced four seasons and many difficulties!” The father 23 to his son why the plant outside was bigger. “The plant inside was safe, it didn’t face weather changes, and it didn’t get 24 sunlight, so it didn’t become big.” Here is the answer to the question about being great: To become a great person, one must have failed many times, 25 many difficulties and overcome those difficulties. After that, he or she is able to become great. 16. A. choose B. become C. find D. save 17. A. stronger B. straighter C. nicer D. greener 18. A. look after B. come across C. take away D. cut down 19. A. seriously B. carefully C. actively D. patiently 20. A. shows B. happens C. turns D. gains 21. A. excited B. satisfied C. pleased D. surprised 22. A. realize B. understand C. consider D. accept 23. A. smiled B. turned C. explained D. cried 24. A. enough B. correct C. active D. heavy 25. A. started B. noticed C. experienced D. followed 三、阅读理解（45分） 第一节、阅读选择（30分） A Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin’s university teachers helped him join in the perfect trip for a biologist (生物学家): a voyage around the world to study nature. In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先). At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels. But he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public because he was afraid the public would not agree with his idea. He was so worried that he became ill. However, when someone else started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species. Most scientists accepted Darwin’s theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February, the day when he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world. 26. What made Darwin give up his study of medicine? A. He didn’t like seeing blood. B. He found the studies too difficult. C. He was pushed to give up by his family. D. He was advised to study natural science. 27. What does the underlined word “voyage” mean in this passage? A. a long journey by plane B. a long journey by sea C. a long journey in a certain country D. a long journey abroad 28. Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin? A. It let him change his mind about his future. B. It helped him to finish his study at the university. C. It gave him ideas about the beginnings of living things. D. It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship. 29. In what order did the following happen in Darwin’s life? a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836. b. He was afraid the public would disagree with his ideas. c. He became interested in studying the natural world. d. He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species. e. He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited. A. e→c→a→b→d B. c→e→a→b→d C. e→a→c→d→b D. c→e→d→a→b 30. Why did the writer include the last paragraph? A. To introduce Darwin’s famous book. B. To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day. C. To explain why people accept Darwin’s ideas. D. To show how important Darwin was in natural science. B When we think about scientific achievement, geniuses like Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton always come to mind. These people are often obsessed by their subjects of interest, choosing their fields of specialty at an early age. But is this always the case? In fact, many of the most important discoveries come from a different kind of mind. Charles Darwin was an aspiring geologist when he sailed to observe faraway lands. He had little knowledge in biology but through his travels, keen observations and great curiosity, he developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. Another such great discovery was the invention of PCR (聚合酶链反应), which is essential for certain kinds of genetic research. Its inventor, Kary Mullis, barely earned a Ph.D. in biochemistry. His time was spent writing fiction and running a bakery until a friend found him a job in biotechnology, where his great idea for PCR was born. Darwin and Mullis were both natural explorers. Darwin did poorly in school but was always curious about the animals and plants. As a child, Mullis was more interested in the spiders in his grandparents' basement than anything else. It may not be surprising that these creative minds developed through play and exploration. Many educators argue that the classic model of education, in which teachers lecture and students memorize, is misguided. Most children are born with the drive to play and explore, which helps develop important skills. Probably the thinking skills Darwin and Mullis got were developed through this kind of play and exploration. So, what are schools supposed to do today? They should allow our children to step out of the classroom, and encourage them to play and try new things. As Ni Minjing, head of the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, once said,“ Every piece of soil, every flower and every clear night sky is a playground for scientific curiosity.” 31. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic. B. To explain the purpose. C. To attract the readers' attention. D. To give background information. 32. Which of the following is true about Darwin and Mullis? A. Darwin was a sharp and curious observer. B. Mullis earned his Ph. D without difficulty. C. Mullis got the idea for PCR while working at a bakery. D. Darwin was a great biologist when he began his voyages. 33. What is the main contrast between“ Einstein and Newton” and“ Darwin and Mullis”? A. The former group was more focused on formal education. B. The latter group had a more non-traditional path to discovery. C. The latter group started their fields of specialty at an early age. D. The former group was more successful in scientific achievements. 34. Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 35. Which is the best title of the text? A. The Focused Early Years of Geniuses B. The Success of Non- traditional Teaching C. Unexpected Geniuses: The Power of Curiosity D. Beyond the Classroom: The Importance of Play C When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity (相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein. Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to health organizations, daydreaming for a while each day can improve your emotional (情绪的) health and creativity. ★ . For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face. Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer. A couple of minutes to let your minds wander (漫游) and hope for good things to happen lower negative (消极的) thinking. Guo Qiang, a psychologist, suggests we should make time to daydream. “It can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings.” he said. However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Daydreaming inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve “had a dream”. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world. 36. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 37. What BIG question does Paragraph 2 answer? A. What is daydreaming? B. When do you daydream? C. Where do you daydream? D. How does daydreaming help you? 38. Daydreaming can make people ________. a. fly around     b. think freely     c. walk slowly d. feel calmer     e. think ahead     f. inspire creativity A. a, b, f B. b, c, d C. a, c, f D. b, d, e 39. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. Daydreaming makes you forget difficult things. B. Daydreaming means unreal but joyful things. C. Daydreaming about something pleasant helps you deal with worries and stress. D. Daydreaming encourages you to finish the impossible. 40. According to Para. 5, daydreaming is talked about ________. A. to advise people to have a mind break B. to suggest living at the moment C. to find solutions to homework problems D. to show a science research result 第二节、阅读还原 When you get into middle school, do you find study is different from that in primary school? 41 We can get some ideas from the smart men in ancient (古代的) China. First, know what you need to do and then do it. Laozi says taking action (行动) is important. 42 For example, it can be hard to remember a long article (文章) all at once. But if we learn a small part every day and keep practising, one day we will know it all. Then, think carefully about what we learn every day. Zengzi says we should do it three times a day. We can ask ourselves questions. 43 Do I remember all the important knowledge? This can make us know our studies better. 44 Laozi shares his ideas in Tao Te Ching (《道德经》). Most people do very well at the beginning. They also make good plans to do things carefully for a long time. But they may not be so careful in the end. 45 So Laozi tells us to always be careful, and never forget what we want. A. In this way, they will not make it (成功). B. Everyone wants to be a good student. C. Do I look at the notes of every subject? D. How can we do better in our studies? E. Last, don’t stop when you are very close to the end. F. To walk a long way, we must take a small step (步) every day and keep going. 第三节、项目式情境（10分） 阅读下面以下中国传统故事的介绍，为五组人物的行为选出合适的描述。 46 When danger came suddenly, most people only felt frightened and stood there helplessly. But Ramsay kept a clear mind, thought differently, and took quick action to protect others from harm. 47 Sharon chose to take on a heavy duty for the family, hiding her own situation and working hard silently. She asked for no honor or reward, only to do what she should for the people she loved. 48 Instead of trying once or giving up halfway, Jonas kept doing small things day after day. He believed that with continuous efforts over a long time, even the most difficult goal could be reached at last. 49 Brandon refused to put in real effort but kept waiting for unexpected luck to come by itself. He thought success could fall to him easily, but finally he got nothing and lost what he once had. 50 Daniel and Doris’s deep feelings for each other were strong enough to go through difficulties and separation. Though they could not stay together in this life, their story moved others and their bond continued in another form. A. Waiting for Rabbits by the Stump (树桩) Those who abandon steady labor in pursuit of accidental fortune often lose what they already have. B. Kong Rong Shares the Pears Being polite and modest in childhood—valuing respect for elders and brotherly love over personal desire. C. The Butterfly Lovers Love that goes beyond social borders may not find its fulfillment in this world, yet it transforms into something never fades away. D. The Legend of Hua Mulan Loyalty to family may require personal sacrifice (牺牲), but honor lies in fulfilling one’s duty rather than seeking recognition. E. Sima Guang Breaks the Vat (缸) True heroism often lies not in physical strength, but in wisdom, calmness, and the ability to act when others stay frozen in fear. F. Yu Gong Moves the Mountains Persistence can move mountains—not always through direct force, but through the accumulation of small efforts across generations. 第2卷 非选择题（共40分） 第一节、短文填词（5分） What is the best virtue (美德)? What can we learn from water? Laozi, a famous Chinese philosopher who lived around 2, 500 years ago, might give us an answer. “The highest good is like water. Water gives life to the ten thousand things and does not strive. It flows in places men 51.r_________ and so is like the Dao.” Laozi tells us that the top character is just like water. All life in the world cannot live without water, but water never asks for anything in return. It just keeps giving quietly. Also, water often stays where people don’t like, such as low-lying wetlands and deserted valleys (山谷). This kind of low profile (低调) makes water the closest to the law of the universe. It seems that we have always regarded bravery and strength as great virtues, but we should not forget what water has taught us. In dealing with people, we can act as water. We are ready to help others and won't chase praise or fame because of our kindness. We should show 52.r________ to people around us and keep modest all the time. With water’s spirits in mind, we stay in harmony with people around us. We keep calm in hard times and devote ourselves silently just like water. This noble behavior shapes our good personality, 53.t_______ improving our inner virtue greatly. This ancient 54.s__________also has a lasting positive 55.i__________ on our daily life and value views, guiding us to be selfless, gentle and peaceful people all the time. 第二节、阅读回答问题（10分） Many of us have felt this before. One moment, we’re lying in bed, ready to sleep. The next, we’re wide awake, thinking or worrying about the future. What will we be doing in ten years? Can we become who we want to be? Should we try to shape the future, or just accept what happens? Stories of two famous writers may have the answers. The American writer, Ernest Hemingway, made up his mind to write from early childhood. After high school, he worked at a local newspaper. He later became a foreign reporter and used his experiences in Europe and Cuba in his writing. In his words, "I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about." Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories according to his personal experiences such as bullfighting and deep-sea fishing. His novel The Old Man and The Sea won the Pulitzer Prize. Later, he went on to win the Nobel Prize. Unlike Hemingway, the young Arthur Conan Doyle started as a doctor. He always dreamed of becoming a writer of historical novels. However, the success of these novels was nothing compared to his detective (侦探) stories, Sherlock Holmes. Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients. After Sherlock Holmes made him widely known, Doyle gave up medicine and wrote full-time. But he still hoped to become known for his historical novels. As a result, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel so that he could have time for his “serious” writings. The readers, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes. They were so angry that Doyle had to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays and poems are largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes remains popular. Both of these men succeeded in the end but their roads to success were very different. Some people are luckier than others and plans do not always become reality, as can be shown by comparing the lives of these two famous writers. So, whatever twists and turns you might meet with, take a leaf out of the books of these two writers and be ready for the unexpected. 56.How did Hemingway create most of his works and what achievements did he gain? 57.What can we infer about Conan Doyle’s early life as a doctor? 58.What does the underlined phrase “killed off” in Paragraph 3 mean in English? 59.Why do we say Conan Doyle’s plans didn’t turn out as he expected? List two reasons. 60.What is the main idea of the passage and what advice does the writer give to readers? 第三节、语法填空（10分） Dear You（《给阿嬷的情书》）is a heartwarming movie that tells a touching story set in Chaoshan, a place rich in local culture. Millions of hearts 61 （win）by the wonderful movie in the first filming month. The main character is Grandma Ye Shourot who has waited for her husband Zheng Musheng ___62____(come) back from Thailand for decades. She lives on the letters and money he sends, believing he has become a 63 （succeed）businessman. However, when her grandson goes to Thailand to look 64 him, he finds a sad truth: Musheng died many years ago in an accident while trying to save others. What makes the movie 65 （true）special is the kindness of Xie Nanzhi, a woman who knew Musheng. She didn’t want to break Shourot’s heart, so she spent 18 years 66 （write）letters and sending money to Shourot under Musheng’s name. This selfless act of kindness shows the deep friendship between 67 （woman）and the true meaning of loyalty（忠诚）. The movie uses Chaoshan dialect（方言）and has no acting stars, 68 its honest storytelling style and beautiful details, like local snacks and old streets, make it feel real. It has 69 high score of 9.1 on Douban and has earned over 1 billion yuan at the box office. It not only tells a story of love and waiting, but also reminds us of the importance of family and keeping 70 （we）promises. 第三节、书面表达（15分） 诸多伟大的想法，往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例，撰文讲述：有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法，最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容： ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great ideas自我检测 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为110分，考试时间为100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题（70分） 一、语法选择（15分） Have you ever heard of Wang Zhenyi? Perhaps most of us didn’t know this great name 1 she was introduced in a CCTV programme. She lived in the Qing Dynasty, when educational chances for girls were very 2 . Yet, with 3 family’s strong support, she started a special journey of teaching herself, proving that true learning often begins with personal curiosity. When she was young, she 4 to read widely from the home library, which contained books on many different subjects. This early encouragement helped build 5 strong interest in astronomy. Unlike many people, she refused 6 unscientific ideas about events like lunar eclipses (月食). “I must see the truth 7 my own eyes,” she told herself. She kept this thought in mind 8 while doing her experiments late into the evening. Her way of working was serious and 9 , always step by step. To find out how a lunar eclipse happens, she placed simple objects in her room, creating a small model of the solar system. She moved a round table, a lamp, and a mirror slowly 10 the movements of the Earth, Sun, and Moon, demonstrating the cause of the eclipse. Through this simple but clever model, she explained 11 sunlight is shaded during this event, making a complex idea easy to understand. Her important 12 to science was realized mainly through writing. She 13 many clear and helpful articles. Even ordinary people could understand difficult ideas without needing special training. Her life was short, 14 her brave mind and clear thinking left a lasting mark on Chinese science. Today, her story continues to teach us that we 15 overcome problems and achieve great things through curiosity, hard work, and a belief in ourselves. 1. A. unless B. because C. after D. until 2. A. much B. little C. few D. many 3. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 4. A. allowed B. was allowed C. have allowed D. will allow 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. believe B. believing C. to believe D. believed 7. A. through B. by C. in D. with 8. A. quiet B. quieten C. quietly D. quietness 9. A. patient B. patiently C. more patient D. more patiently 10. A. copy B. to copy C. copying D. copied 11. A. how B. when C. what D. where 12. A. contribute B. contributes C. contributed D. contribution 13. A. write B. writes C. wrote D. will write 14. A. and B. but C. so D. or 15. A. can B. must C. should D. would 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【来源】广东广州市增城区2026年初中毕业班适应性测试（二） 英语 【解析】本文介绍了清代女科学家王贞仪，在古代女子求学机会稀少的环境下，依靠家人支持自学，潜心钻研天文、通过自制模型探究月食原理、撰文科普知识，用一生证明好奇心与坚持能突破困境、成就不凡。 1. 句意：或许在央视节目介绍她之前，我们大多数人都不知道这个伟大的名字。 固定结构not…until…：直到……才……，此处表示知道央视节目介绍，大家才知道这个伟大的名字，用until。unless除非；because因为；after在……之后，均不符合句意逻辑。 2. 句意：她生活在清朝，那时女孩子受教育的机会非常少。 chances是可数名词复数，few修饰可数名词表否定“少、几乎没有”；little修饰不可数名词；much/many表大量，和历史背景“古代女子难读书”矛盾。 3. 句意：然而，在她家人的大力支持下，她开启了自学的独特历程……。 空后有名词family，需要形容词性物主代词her作定语；she主格、hers名词性物主代词、herself反身代词都不能修饰名词。 4. 句意：年少时，她被允许在家中的藏书室广泛阅读……。 主语she和allow是被动关系“被准许”，全文过去时态，一般过去时被动语态was allowed；A主动过去式、C现在完成时主动、D将来时主动，均语态错误。 5. 句意：这份早年的熏陶帮她培养出了浓厚的天文学兴趣。 固定搭配build an interest“产生兴趣”，strong辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；an用于元音开头单词，the特指，零冠词不适用。 6. 句意：和很多人不同，她拒绝相信月食相关的不科学说法。 固定搭配refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事，不定式作宾语，用to believe。 7. 句意：我必须亲眼看清真相。 固定搭配with one’s own eyes亲眼；through穿过；by凭借；in在里面，无此搭配。 8. 句意：她深夜做实验时，一直默默秉持这个想法。 空格修饰动词短语“kept this thought in mind”，需副词quietly；quiet形容词、quieten动词、quietness名词词性不符。 9. 句意：她治学严谨且有耐心，做事循序渐进。 and连接并列形容词，和serious并列用原级形容词patient。 10. 句意：她缓慢挪动圆桌、台灯和镜子来模拟日月地的运行。 不定式to copy作目的状语，表挪动物品的目的。 11. 句意：借助这个精巧简易的模型，她解释了月食时太阳光如何被遮挡……。 此处指解释月食时太阳光如何被遮挡，宾语从句缺方式状语“如何、怎样”用how；when何时、what什么、where何地和“光线被遮挡的方式”语义不符。 12. 句意：她对科学的重要贡献主要体现在著作上。 空前important形容词修饰名词，contribution名词“贡献”。 13. 句意：她撰写了许多清晰有用的文章。 全文讲述过去的生平，一般过去时，write过去式wrote。 14. 句意：她的一生很短暂，但她果敢的思想与缜密的思考在中国科学史上留下深远影响。 前后分句转折关系：生命短，但成就深远，用but；and并列、so因果、or选择，均逻辑错误。 15. 句意：如今她的故事告诉我们：凭借好奇心、实干与自信，我们能够克服困难、创造伟大的成就。 此处表示能力，can“能够”符合；must必须；should应该；would将会，不符合语境。 二、完形填空（10分） One day a little boy asked his father, “What does the word ‘great’ mean? Who are great people and how do they 16 great?” The father thought for a while and asked his son to bring two plants. Then, he told him to plant one of them inside the house and the other outside the house. The boy did as his father said. The father asked his son, “Which one of the two plants do you think will be 17 and bigger?” The boy replied, “The plant inside the house will be stronger, so it will grow bigger, while the plant outside the house is not safe at all. No one will be there to 18 it. It may be eaten by animals.” The father smiled and said, “Let’s wait 19 . We will know the answer.” Then the boy left for his studies and after four years, he came back to his house. He said to his father, “Look, nothing 20 to this plant inside the house and it is safe.” When the boy went outside, he was very 21 to see a big tree. The boy couldn’t believe his eyes. He couldn’t 22 how the plant outside was able to grow much bigger than the plant inside the house. “The plant standing outside the house faced four seasons and many difficulties!” The father 23 to his son why the plant outside was bigger. “The plant inside was safe, it didn’t face weather changes, and it didn’t get 24 sunlight, so it didn’t become big.” Here is the answer to the question about being great: To become a great person, one must have failed many times, 25 many difficulties and overcome those difficulties. After that, he or she is able to become great. 16. A. choose B. become C. find D. save 17. A. stronger B. straighter C. nicer D. greener 18. A. look after B. come across C. take away D. cut down 19. A. seriously B. carefully C. actively D. patiently 20. A. shows B. happens C. turns D. gains 21. A. excited B. satisfied C. pleased D. surprised 22. A. realize B. understand C. consider D. accept 23. A. smiled B. turned C. explained D. cried 24. A. enough B. correct C. active D. heavy 25. A. started B. noticed C. experienced D. followed 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 【解析】本文是哲理记叙文，父亲通过室内、室外两株植物不同的生长经历，解答孩子“怎样成为伟人”的疑问：人要历经磨难、经受挫折历练才能变得优秀。 16. 句意：伟人是谁，他们如何成为伟人？ 根据“Who are great people and how do they... great?”可知，此处指如何“成为”伟大的人，become great意为“变得伟大、成为伟人”；choose“选择”、find“找到”、save“拯救”均不符合语境。 17. 句意：你认为这两株植物中，哪一株会更强壮、更大？ 根据后文“the plant inside the house will be stronger”以及父亲最终解释室外植物经历风雨才长得更大可知，此处是比较哪一株更“强壮”，stronger符合语境；straighter“更直”、nicer“更漂亮”、greener“更绿”均不符合语境。 18. 句意：没有人会在那里照顾它。 根据“No one will be there to … it. It may be eaten by animals.”可知，没人“照料”植物，它可能被动物吃掉，look after“照顾”符合语境；come across“偶然遇见”、take away“拿走”、cut down“砍倒”均不符合语境。 19. 句意：让我们耐心等待吧。 根据父亲要让儿子观察四年的生长变化可知，此处是建议“耐心地”等待，patiently符合语境；seriously“严肃地”、carefully“仔细地”、actively“积极地”均不符合长期观察的语境。 20. 句意：看，房子里的这株植物什么也没有发生，它很安全。 “nothing happens to...”为常用表达，意为“……没发生什么事”；shows“展示”、turns“转变”、gains“获得”均不符合。 21. 句意：当男孩走到外面时，他非常惊讶地看到一棵大树。 根据后文“The boy couldn’t believe his eyes.”可知，此处是指他感到“惊讶”，surprised符合语境；excited“兴奋的”、satisfied“满意的”、pleased“高兴的”均不符合看到意外景象时的反应。 22. 句意：他无法理解室外的植物怎么能比室内的植物长得大得多。 根据前文“The boy couldn’t believe his eyes.”以及此处描述他的困惑可知，他无法“理解”这一现象；realize“意识到”、consider“考虑”、accept“接受”均不如understand准确。 23. 句意：父亲向儿子解释为什么室外的那株植物更大。 根据“The father … to his son why...”可知，父亲在“解释”原因，explained符合语境；smiled“微笑”、turned“转身”、cried“哭”均不能接why引导的宾语从句表示阐述原因。 24. 句意：屋里的那株植物很安全，它没有经历天气变化，也没有得到充足的阳光，所以它没有长大。 根据“it didn’t become big”可知，原因是阳光不“充足”，enough符合语境；correct“正确的”、active“活跃的”、heavy“沉重的”均不符合。 25. 句意：要成为一个伟大的人，一个人必须失败许多次，经历许多困难，并克服那些困难。 根据“to become a great person”以及后文“overcome those difficulties”可知，此处指“经历”困难，experienced符合语境；started“开始”、noticed“注意”、followed“跟随”均不符合。 三、阅读理解（45分） 第一节、阅读选择（30分） A Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin’s university teachers helped him join in the perfect trip for a biologist (生物学家): a voyage around the world to study nature. In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先). At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels. But he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public because he was afraid the public would not agree with his idea. He was so worried that he became ill. However, when someone else started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species. Most scientists accepted Darwin’s theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February, the day when he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world. 26. What made Darwin give up his study of medicine? A. He didn’t like seeing blood. B. He found the studies too difficult. C. He was pushed to give up by his family. D. He was advised to study natural science. 27. What does the underlined word “voyage” mean in this passage? A. a long journey by plane B. a long journey by sea C. a long journey in a certain country D. a long journey abroad 28. Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin? A. It let him change his mind about his future. B. It helped him to finish his study at the university. C. It gave him ideas about the beginnings of living things. D. It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship. 29. In what order did the following happen in Darwin’s life? a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836. b. He was afraid the public would disagree with his ideas. c. He became interested in studying the natural world. d. He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species. e. He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited. A. e→c→a→b→d B. c→e→a→b→d C. e→a→c→d→b D. c→e→d→a→b 30. Why did the writer include the last paragraph? A. To introduce Darwin’s famous book. B. To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day. C. To explain why people accept Darwin’s ideas. D. To show how important Darwin was in natural science. 【答案】26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 【解析】本文讲述达尔文早期的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。 26. 细节理解题。根据“However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor.”可知是因为讨厌看见血，因此放弃学医，故选A。 27. 词句猜测题。根据“one of Darwin’s university teachers helped him join in the perfect trip for a biologist (生物学家): a voyage around the world to study nature.”以及“a ship that took him around the world for five years”可知“voyage”指的是海上的长途旅行，故选B。 28. 推理判断题。根据“While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先).”可知此处介绍达尔文在旅途中研究生物，从而得出所有生物都有一个共同的祖先，因此这个旅途很重要的原因是给了他关于生物起源的想法。故选C。 29. 细节理解题。根据“He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals…he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited…When he finally arrived back in Britain…But he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public because he was afraid the public would not agree with his idea…However, when someone else started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species.”可知正确顺序是他去了剑桥大学，发现他对研究植物、昆虫和动物很感兴趣；他研究了船能到的国家和岛屿上的动植物；他最终回到英国；他不想让公众知道他的理论，因为他害怕公众不同意他的想法；当其他人开始写类似的观点时，达尔文决定出版他的书《物种起源》；即c→e→a→b→d，故选B。 30. 推理判断题。根据“Most scientists accepted Darwin’s theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February, the day when he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world.”可知作者在最后一段描述了达尔文在自然科学中的重要性。故选D。 B When we think about scientific achievement, geniuses like Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton always come to mind. These people are often obsessed by their subjects of interest, choosing their fields of specialty at an early age. But is this always the case? In fact, many of the most important discoveries come from a different kind of mind. Charles Darwin was an aspiring geologist when he sailed to observe faraway lands. He had little knowledge in biology but through his travels, keen observations and great curiosity, he developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. Another such great discovery was the invention of PCR (聚合酶链反应), which is essential for certain kinds of genetic research. Its inventor, Kary Mullis, barely earned a Ph.D. in biochemistry. His time was spent writing fiction and running a bakery until a friend found him a job in biotechnology, where his great idea for PCR was born. Darwin and Mullis were both natural explorers. Darwin did poorly in school but was always curious about the animals and plants. As a child, Mullis was more interested in the spiders in his grandparents' basement than anything else. It may not be surprising that these creative minds developed through play and exploration. Many educators argue that the classic model of education, in which teachers lecture and students memorize, is misguided. Most children are born with the drive to play and explore, which helps develop important skills. Probably the thinking skills Darwin and Mullis got were developed through this kind of play and exploration. So, what are schools supposed to do today? They should allow our children to step out of the classroom, and encourage them to play and try new things. As Ni Minjing, head of the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, once said,“ Every piece of soil, every flower and every clear night sky is a playground for scientific curiosity.” 31. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic. B. To explain the purpose. C. To attract the readers' attention. D. To give background information. 32. Which of the following is true about Darwin and Mullis? A. Darwin was a sharp and curious observer. B. Mullis earned his Ph. D without difficulty. C. Mullis got the idea for PCR while working at a bakery. D. Darwin was a great biologist when he began his voyages. 33. What is the main contrast between“ Einstein and Newton” and“ Darwin and Mullis”? A. The former group was more focused on formal education. B. The latter group had a more non-traditional path to discovery. C. The latter group started their fields of specialty at an early age. D. The former group was more successful in scientific achievements. 34. Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 35. Which is the best title of the text? A. The Focused Early Years of Geniuses B. The Success of Non- traditional Teaching C. Unexpected Geniuses: The Power of Curiosity D. Beyond the Classroom: The Importance of Play 【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过对比传统科学家（如爱因斯坦和牛顿）与另类科学家（如达尔文和穆利斯）的成长路径，指出玩耍和探索对培养创造性思维的重要性，并呼吁学校改革教育模式，鼓励学生走出课堂。 31. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When we think about scientific achievement, geniuses like Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton always come to mind. But is this always the case? In fact, many of the most important discoveries come from a different kind of mind.”可知，首段通过对比普遍认知与提问，引出‘科学成就是否总是来自早期专注的天才’这一话题”，故选A。 32. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He had little knowledge in biology but through his travels, keen observations and great curiosity, he developed the theory of evolution”（他对生物学知之甚少，但通过旅行、敏锐的观察和强烈的好奇心，提出了进化论）可推知，达尔文是一名敏锐且充满好奇的观察者。故选A。 33. 推理判断题。根据文章第二至四段对达尔文和穆利斯的描述（如“had little knowledge in biology”“barely earned a Ph. D”“natural explorers”），以及第一段对爱因斯坦和牛顿的描述（“obsessed by their subjects, choosing fields at an early age”），可推知后者（达尔文和穆利斯）的发现路径更加非传统，而非早年专注专业领域。故选B。 34. 篇章结构题。通过分析文章结构可知，文章第一段引出话题“科学成就是否总是来自早期专注的天才？”，第二、三、四段随后以达尔文和穆利斯的例子作为反驳，说明重大发现常来自好奇心与探索；第五段指出传统教育模式的不足，并强调游戏与探索的重要性；第六段得出结论，给出学校应采取的做法，学校应鼓励孩子走出教室、尝试新事物。故选D。 35. 最佳标题题。全文通过对比传统天才与意外发现者，强调好奇心和探索对科学成就的重要性，标题应突出“意外天才与好奇心”；C项“意想不到的天才：好奇心的力量”符合文本主要内容，故选C。 C When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity (相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein. Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to health organizations, daydreaming for a while each day can improve your emotional (情绪的) health and creativity. ★ . For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face. Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer. A couple of minutes to let your minds wander (漫游) and hope for good things to happen lower negative (消极的) thinking. Guo Qiang, a psychologist, suggests we should make time to daydream. “It can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings.” he said. However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Daydreaming inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve “had a dream”. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world. 36. Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A. B. C. D. 37. What BIG question does Paragraph 2 answer? A. What is daydreaming? B. When do you daydream? C. Where do you daydream? D. How does daydreaming help you? 38. Daydreaming can make people ________. a. fly around     b. think freely     c. walk slowly d. feel calmer     e. think ahead     f. inspire creativity A. a, b, f B. b, c, d C. a, c, f D. b, d, e 39. Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A. Daydreaming makes you forget difficult things. B. Daydreaming means unreal but joyful things. C. Daydreaming about something pleasant helps you deal with worries and stress. D. Daydreaming encourages you to finish the impossible. 40. According to Para. 5, daydreaming is talked about ________. A. to advise people to have a mind break B. to suggest living at the moment C. to find solutions to homework problems D. to show a science research result 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了阿尔伯特. 爱因斯坦在16岁时，想象自己沿着一束光线骑行的故事，并将这个想象用于他的相对论理论的推导中。文章强调了想象力的重要性，认为它比知识更重要。 36. 篇章结构题。文章第一段由爱因斯坦将想象力用于他的相对论理论的推导中引入话题，然后第二段具体阐述了做白日梦的具体含义及意义，并由此引出接下来三段内容具体的做法。结构符合选项B所示。故选B。 37. 段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，主要介绍了什么是白日梦及其意义。故选A。 38. 细节理解题。根据文中“It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas...”可知，它可以让人们自由地思考；根据“Imagining how you’re going to speak in public is like having practiced the scene in your head before for many times, which can make you feel calmer.”可知，它可以让人们感到更镇定；根据“It means thinking ahead...”可知，它可以让人提前思考。故选D。 39. 推理判断题。根据下文“For example, after a long day at work or a disagreement with a friend, let your mind fly away to the picture of a big meal or the friend’s smiling face.”可知，前面应该说的是白日梦可以帮助人们带走忧愁和烦恼。故选C。 40. 细节理解题。根据“So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where you go in the new world.”可知，这里想说的是通过白日梦来让大脑得到片刻的放松。故选A。 第二节、阅读还原 When you get into middle school, do you find study is different from that in primary school? 41 We can get some ideas from the smart men in ancient (古代的) China. First, know what you need to do and then do it. Laozi says taking action (行动) is important. 42 For example, it can be hard to remember a long article (文章) all at once. But if we learn a small part every day and keep practising, one day we will know it all. Then, think carefully about what we learn every day. Zengzi says we should do it three times a day. We can ask ourselves questions. 43 Do I remember all the important knowledge? This can make us know our studies better. 44 Laozi shares his ideas in Tao Te Ching (《道德经》). Most people do very well at the beginning. They also make good plans to do things carefully for a long time. But they may not be so careful in the end. 45 So Laozi tells us to always be careful, and never forget what we want. A. In this way, they will not make it (成功). B. Everyone wants to be a good student. C. Do I look at the notes of every subject? D. How can we do better in our studies? E. Last, don’t stop when you are very close to the end. F. To walk a long way, we must take a small step (步) every day and keep going. 【答案】41. D 42. F 43. C 44. E 45. A 【解析】本文讲述了进入中学后学习与小学不同，并从中国古代智者那里获取如何在学习中做得更好的建议。 41. 前文提出进入中学后学习与小学不同这一问题，后文说能从中国古代智者那里获取想法，D项“How can we do better in our studies?”承接上文学习有变化，引出下文获取学习更好的方法，逻辑连贯。 42. 前文老子说行动重要，后文举例说明不能一下子记住长文章，但每天学一小部分坚持练习就能记住，F项“To walk a long way, we must take a small step (步) every day and keep going.”用走路类比学习，说明要每天迈出一小步并坚持，符合语境。 43. 前文说每天要仔细思考所学内容，可以问自己问题，C项“Do I look at the notes of every subject?”是一个具体的问题，与后文“Do I remember all the important knowledge?”并列，符合语境。 44. 后文老子在《道德经》中分享想法，说很多人开始做得好，有好的计划，但最后可能不仔细，E项“Last, don’t stop when you are very close to the end.”引出下文关于做事情到最后不要停止的内容，符合语境。 45. 前文说很多人开始做得好，有好的计划，但最后可能不仔细，A项“In this way, they will not make it (成功).”解释了这样做的结果就是不会成功，符合语境。 第三节、项目式情境（10分） 阅读下面以下中国传统故事的介绍，为五组人物的行为选出合适的描述。 46 When danger came suddenly, most people only felt frightened and stood there helplessly. But Ramsay kept a clear mind, thought differently, and took quick action to protect others from harm. 47 Sharon chose to take on a heavy duty for the family, hiding her own situation and working hard silently. She asked for no honor or reward, only to do what she should for the people she loved. 48 Instead of trying once or giving up halfway, Jonas kept doing small things day after day. He believed that with continuous efforts over a long time, even the most difficult goal could be reached at last. 49 Brandon refused to put in real effort but kept waiting for unexpected luck to come by itself. He thought success could fall to him easily, but finally he got nothing and lost what he once had. 50 Daniel and Doris’s deep feelings for each other were strong enough to go through difficulties and separation. Though they could not stay together in this life, their story moved others and their bond continued in another form. A. Waiting for Rabbits by the Stump (树桩) Those who abandon steady labor in pursuit of accidental fortune often lose what they already have. B. Kong Rong Shares the Pears Being polite and modest in childhood—valuing respect for elders and brotherly love over personal desire. C. The Butterfly Lovers Love that goes beyond social borders may not find its fulfillment in this world, yet it transforms into something never fades away. D. The Legend of Hua Mulan Loyalty to family may require personal sacrifice (牺牲), but honor lies in fulfilling one’s duty rather than seeking recognition. E. Sima Guang Breaks the Vat (缸) True heroism often lies not in physical strength, but in wisdom, calmness, and the ability to act when others stay frozen in fear. F. Yu Gong Moves the Mountains Persistence can move mountains—not always through direct force, but through the accumulation of small efforts across generations. 【答案】46. E 47. D 48. F 49. A 50. C 【来源】广东深圳市南山外国语学校2025-2026学年第二学期五月质量监测 九年级 英语试卷 【解析】本文主要介绍了五组人物的行为与精神品质，并提供了六个中国传统故事的寓意，为每组人物行为选择最匹配的故事描述。 46. Ramsay在危险来临时保持清醒头脑，迅速采取行动保护他人。E选项“Sima Guang Breaks the Vat”即司马光砸缸，描述真正的英雄主义不在于体力，而在于智慧和冷静，以及在他人惊恐时行动的能力，符合Ramsay的行为。 47. Sharon为家庭承担重任，默默付出，不求回报。D选项“The Legend of Hua Mulan”即花木兰，描述对家庭的忠诚可能需要个人牺牲，但荣誉在于履行责任而非寻求认可，符合Sharon的行为。 48. Jonas日复一日坚持做小事，相信长期努力能实现最难的目标。F选项“Yu Gong Moves the Mountains”即愚公移山，描述坚持可以移山，不总是通过直接力量，而是通过代代积累的小努力，符合Jonas的行为。 49. Brandon不愿付出真实努力，只想等待意外好运，最终一无所获。A选项“Waiting for Rabbits by the Stump”即守株待兔，描述那些放弃稳定劳动、追求意外财富的人往往会失去已有的东西，符合Brandon的行为。 50. 他们感情深厚，虽历经困难与分离，此生未能相守，但故事感人，情谊以另一种形式延续。C选项“The Butterfly Lovers”即梁山伯与祝英台，描述超越世俗界限的爱情，虽可能今生无法圆满，却化为永不消逝的东西，符合二人的故事。 第2卷 非选择题（共40分） 第一节、短文填词（5分） What is the best virtue (美德)? What can we learn from water? Laozi, a famous Chinese philosopher who lived around 2, 500 years ago, might give us an answer. “The highest good is like water. Water gives life to the ten thousand things and does not strive. It flows in places men 51.r_________ and so is like the Dao.” Laozi tells us that the top character is just like water. All life in the world cannot live without water, but water never asks for anything in return. It just keeps giving quietly. Also, water often stays where people don’t like, such as low-lying wetlands and deserted valleys (山谷). This kind of low profile (低调) makes water the closest to the law of the universe. It seems that we have always regarded bravery and strength as great virtues, but we should not forget what water has taught us. In dealing with people, we can act as water. We are ready to help others and won't chase praise or fame because of our kindness. We should show 52.r________ to people around us and keep modest all the time. With water’s spirits in mind, we stay in harmony with people around us. We keep calm in hard times and devote ourselves silently just like water. This noble behavior shapes our good personality, 53.t_______ improving our inner virtue greatly. This ancient 54.s__________also has a lasting positive 55.i__________ on our daily life and value views, guiding us to be selfless, gentle and peaceful people all the time. 【答案】51.reject 52.respect 53.thus 54. saying 55. impact 第二节、阅读回答问题（10分） Many of us have felt this before. One moment, we’re lying in bed, ready to sleep. The next, we’re wide awake, thinking or worrying about the future. What will we be doing in ten years? Can we become who we want to be? Should we try to shape the future, or just accept what happens? Stories of two famous writers may have the answers. The American writer, Ernest Hemingway, made up his mind to write from early childhood. After high school, he worked at a local newspaper. He later became a foreign reporter and used his experiences in Europe and Cuba in his writing. In his words, "I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about." Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories according to his personal experiences such as bullfighting and deep-sea fishing. His novel The Old Man and The Sea won the Pulitzer Prize. Later, he went on to win the Nobel Prize. Unlike Hemingway, the young Arthur Conan Doyle started as a doctor. He always dreamed of becoming a writer of historical novels. However, the success of these novels was nothing compared to his detective (侦探) stories, Sherlock Holmes. Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients. After Sherlock Holmes made him widely known, Doyle gave up medicine and wrote full-time. But he still hoped to become known for his historical novels. As a result, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel so that he could have time for his “serious” writings. The readers, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes. They were so angry that Doyle had to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays and poems are largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes remains popular. Both of these men succeeded in the end but their roads to success were very different. Some people are luckier than others and plans do not always become reality, as can be shown by comparing the lives of these two famous writers. So, whatever twists and turns you might meet with, take a leaf out of the books of these two writers and be ready for the unexpected. 56.How did Hemingway create most of his works and what achievements did he gain? 57.What can we infer about Conan Doyle’s early life as a doctor? 58.What does the underlined phrase “killed off” in Paragraph 3 mean in English? 59.Why do we say Conan Doyle’s plans didn’t turn out as he expected? List two reasons. 60.What is the main idea of the passage and what advice does the writer give to readers? 【解析】本文通过对比海明威和柯南·道尔两位作家的成名之路，探讨了个人理想与现实的差距，并得出结论：成功之路因人而异，充满不确定性，我们应为未知的未来做好准备。 56.He created his works based on his personal experiences. He won the Pulitzer Prize for The Old Man and The Sea and later got the Nobel Prize. 综合细节概括题，难度提升点：需要整合第二段两处信息，不能只摘抄单一句话。定位句①“he wrote novels and short stories according to his personal experiences such as bullfighting and deep-sea fishing”；定位句②“His novel The Old Man and The Sea won the Pulitzer Prize. Later, he went on to win the Nobel Prize.”。题目同时提问创作方式与成就，需要整合两段信息完整作答，考验信息筛选整合能力。 57.He had free spare time when waiting for patients, so he made use of the time to create early Sherlock Holmes detective stories. 推理判断题（难点题型），难度提升点：原文没有直接给出结论，需要根据句子逻辑推断。定位句 “Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients.”，可推理出他行医等候病人时拥有空闲时间，并利用这段时间进行创作，不能直接抄写原句，要总结推理出隐藏信息。 58.It means wrote about the death of Sherlock Holmes in the novel. 词义猜测题，难度提升点：需要结合上下文解释短语含义，不能直译。后文提到读者十分生气，他不得不让福尔摩斯复活，由此推断该短语指作者在小说中写死了福尔摩斯这个人物。 59.①His historical novels were far less popular than his Sherlock Holmes detective stories. ②His historical works are almost forgotten by people today, while Sherlock Holmes is still loved by readers. 多重细节归纳题，难度提升点：要求分两点梳理，需要对比文中多处对比信息。原文写他一心想靠历史小说成名，但侦探小说大火；如今他的历史作品基本被遗忘，只有福尔摩斯流传至今，两点均体现他最初的计划落空。 60.The passage tells us two writers’ totally different roads to success. The writer advises us to face difficulties and unexpected changes in life calmly and get ready for surprises or challenges. 全文主旨 + 观点概括题（高难度），难度提升点：需要通读全文，概括两大段人物事例，再提炼末尾升华的道理。文章先用海明威、柯南道尔两人截然不同的追梦经历举例，最后点明主旨：人生计划未必如愿，遇到坎坷时要做好迎接意外的准备。作答需要分层概括事例与作者建议，考验整体文本把控能力。 第三节、语法填空（10分） Dear You（《给阿嬷的情书》）is a heartwarming movie that tells a touching story set in Chaoshan, a place rich in local culture. Millions of hearts 61 （win）by the wonderful movie in the first filming month. The main character is Grandma Ye Shourot who has waited for her husband Zheng Musheng ___62____(come) back from Thailand for decades. She lives on the letters and money he sends, believing he has become a 63 （succeed）businessman. However, when her grandson goes to Thailand to look 64 him, he finds a sad truth: Musheng died many years ago in an accident while trying to save others. What makes the movie 65 （true）special is the kindness of Xie Nanzhi, a woman who knew Musheng. She didn’t want to break Shourot’s heart, so she spent 18 years 66 （write）letters and sending money to Shourot under Musheng’s name. This selfless act of kindness shows the deep friendship between 67 （woman）and the true meaning of loyalty（忠诚）. The movie uses Chaoshan dialect（方言）and has no acting stars, 68 its honest storytelling style and beautiful details, like local snacks and old streets, make it feel real. It has 69 high score of 9.1 on Douban and has earned over 1 billion yuan at the box office. It not only tells a story of love and waiting, but also reminds us of the importance of family and keeping 70 （we）promises. 【答案】61. were won 62. to come 63. successful 64. for 65. truly 66. writing 67. women 68. but 69. a 70. our 【解析】这篇短文介绍了潮汕方言电影《给阿嬷的情书》，讲述了主角叶阿嬷数十年等待从泰国归来的丈夫的故事，以及谢南枝女士为守护阿嬷的心意，以阿嬷丈夫的名义寄信寄钱18年的善意，展现了跨越岁月的友情、忠诚与人性之美，同时也提到了电影的方言特色、口碑与票房表现。 61. 句意：在拍摄的第一个月，这部精彩的电影就赢得了数百万人的心。主语Millions of hearts和动词win是被动关系，即“心被电影赢得”；时间状语in the first filming month表示过去的时间，所以用一般过去时的被动语态were won。 62. 句意：主角是叶阿嬷（叶守如），她数十年来一直在等待丈夫郑木胜从泰国回来。这是表示目的，故用不定式，填to come。 63. 句意：她靠着丈夫寄来的信和钱生活，相信他已经成为了一名成功的商人。需要用形容词修饰名词businessman，动词succeed的形容词形式是successful。 64. 句意：然而，当她的孙子去泰国寻找他时，发现了一个令人悲伤的真相：木胜多年前在试图拯救他人的一场意外中去世了。look for是固定搭配，意为“寻找”，符合“孙子去泰国找爷爷”的语境。 65. 句意：让这部电影真正特别的是谢南枝的善良，她是一位认识木胜的女士。需要用副词修饰形容词special，true的副词形式是truly。 66. 句意：她不想伤阿嬷的心，所以她花了18年时间以木胜的名义给阿嬷写信、寄钱。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以write要变为动名词形式writing。 67. 句意：这种无私的善举展现了两位女性之间深厚的友谊以及忠诚的真正含义。这里指的是叶阿嬷和谢南枝两位女性，所以woman要用复数形式women。 68. 句意：这部电影使用潮汕方言，没有明星明星，但它真诚的叙事风格和优美的细节，比如当地小吃和老街，让它感觉很真实。前半句说电影的“劣势”（方言、无明星），后半句说它的“优势”（真实感），前后是转折关系，所以填but。 69. 句意：它在豆瓣上获得了9.1的高分，票房收入超过了10亿元。a high score是固定表达，意为“一个高分”，high以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。 70. 句意：它不仅讲述了一个关于爱与等待的故事，还提醒我们家庭的重要性以及信守承诺的意义。空格修饰名词promises，需要用形容词性物主代词，we的形容词性物主代词是our。 第三节、书面表达（15分） 诸多伟大的想法，往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例，撰文讲述：有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法，最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容： ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 Hundreds of years ago, people felt confused about a common natural phenomenon. Nobody could explain why all things fell down to the ground instead of flying up. It remained a big puzzle for a long time. One day, Isaac Newton, a famous British scientist, saw an apple fall from the tree. This small scene gave him a new thought. He kept thinking and doing research day after day. Finally, he found out the existence of gravity, which pulls all things toward the Earth. This great finding opened a new door for physics. It explained many natural laws clearly. Up to now, people still learn and make use of his important discovery in scientific study. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $