内容正文:
冠词
ARTICLE
START
表达数量;
表达特指
“冠”为帽子,为虚词
和名词一起使用
1
I am a bear.
1.冠词的概述:一般放在名词前,帮助指明名词的含义
名词
冠
词
a,冠词,不能在句中单独使用,是一种虚词,用来说明名词所指的人或事物,本身无词义。
2.冠词的分类
不定冠词(a/an)
定冠词(the)
零冠词
( / )
3.冠词的基本用法
注意以下易错情况
1. 以a, e, i, o开头的单词前一般加an (特殊:one)。
one 的发音是辅音音素开头,所以前面也是需要用不定冠词a。
如:a one-hour trip; a one-year-old baby.
2.以u开头的单词要看发音
u的发音有两种:发/ju:/时, 单词前用a (useful, university )
发/ ʌ/时, 单词前用an (umbrella, ugly, uncle, unusual)
3.h开头但不发音的单词,如hour, honest, honor等,用an。
a 用在辅音音素开头的单数名词前面
an 用在元音音素开头的单数名词前面
( )1.She wants to be ________ artist.
A.a B.an C.the
( )2.The children play __________ football for __________ hour every week.
A.the; a B./; an C.a; a
( )3.Mr. Li works at ________ university, and Mrs. Li works in ________ office.
A.a; a B.an; an C.a; an
( )4.I have _________ old diary. I want to buy _________ new one.
A.an; a B.a; an C./; a
( )5.This is _______ oil painting. It is colourful.
A.a B.an C./
3.冠词的基本用法
( )1.She wants to be ________ artist.
A.a B.an C.the
( )2.The children play __________ football for __________ hour every week.
A.the; a B./; an C.a; a
( )3.Mr. Li works at ________ university, and Mrs. Li works in ________ office.
A.a; a B.an; an C.a; an
( )4.I have _________ old diary. I want to buy _________ new one.
A.an; a B.a; an C./; a
( )5.This is _______ oil painting. It is colourful.
A.a B.an C./
3.冠词的基本用法
注意以下易错情况
4.单独字母前的a和an的选用请记住一句话:Mr. Li has one fox. 字母在这句话里面的用an,不在里面的用a。以下12个字母(A/a, E/e, I/i, O/o, F/f, H/h, L/l, M/m, N/n, S/s, X/x, R/r)前用an来限定。
如:There is an “m”, an “a” and a “c” in the word “mooncake”.
有一个字母m,一个字母a以及一个字母c在“mooncake”这个单词里面。
5. 需要注意该数字所代表的英文单词的首个音素的发音。
如:an 11-year-old boy, an 18-year-old girl
6.一位欧洲人:a European
7.某些不可数名词前有定语修饰时,可加不定冠词。
如:What a heavy rain! 多么大的一场雨! We had a wonderful lunch. 我们吃过一顿丰盛的午餐。
a 用在辅音音素开头的单数名词前面
an 用在元音音素开头的单数名词前面
3.冠词的基本用法
(1)单数可数名词前面一般使用不定冠词a。当这个名词的开头发音为元音时用an。特指时用定冠词the。如:
The woman who lives next door is a doctor.
Please hand me the key on the desk.
Tom is an actor.
住在隔壁的女人是个医生。
请把桌子上的钥匙递给我。
汤姆是个演员。
3.冠词的基本用法
(2)一般陈述句当中,不定冠词有表示分类的作用。
An apple is a fruit.
A rose is a flower.
3.冠词的基本用法
(3)在这种情况下,也可以用复数表示,具有泛指、类别之意。如:
Dogs are domestic animals.
狗是家养动物。
Peacocks are colorful birds.孔雀是一种羽毛艳丽的鸟。
3.冠词的基本用法
(4)不定冠词”a/an +人名”也可以表示”某人”。这时,它基本上可以表示some或a certain的意思。如:
A Miss Jenny phoned and left a message for you.
A Mr. Black is waiting to see you at the gate.
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3.冠词的基本用法
(5)”a certain/some+名词”通常可以描述身份不十分清楚或说话人不予明确指出的人,也经常用于民间故事或寓言当中。如:
Many years ago, a certain merchant arrived in Baghdad(巴格达).
3.冠词的基本用法
(6)第一次提到某物时一般用不定冠词a/an;再次提到时则要用定冠词the。如:
I looked up and saw a plane.
我抬头看见一架飞机。(第一次提到)
The plane I just saw was white.
我刚刚看到的那架飞机是白色的。(第二次提到)
3.冠词的基本用法
(7)不定冠词a/an用于表示度量的词语之前,相当于per/every/each,表示”每一个”之意。如:
US $5 a/per kilo
每公斤5美元
100km an/per hour
每小时100公里
( )1. Please hand in____________one-thousand-word composition tomorrow.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
( )2. John is____________honest boy. He doesn't want to make up____________excuse for being late.
A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a
( )3. A little boy wrote____________"u" and____________ "n"on the wall.
A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a
( )4. Daming is____________honest boy, and he likes eating noodles by____________hand.
A. a; an B. the; a C. an; the D. an; /
( )5. Huizhou is____________ancient city with____________long history.
A. a; a B. an; a C. the; an D. /; the
B
B
A
D
B
4.定冠词the的用法
(1)不论指人还是指物、单数还是复数,定冠词the的形式都不变。如:
The stereo is near the door.
They’re the bags I gave him last time.
4.定冠词the的用法
(2)一般情况下定冠词表示再次提到的或者有定语修饰的人或事物,强调其特指性。如:
We moved to a new flat last month, and the flat is so beautiful.
(前面的flat为初次提到,后面的flat为再次提到。)
4.定冠词the的用法
(3)定冠词可以表示人或事物的类别。如:
I don’t like autumn and winter. The days are short and the nights are long.
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
4.定冠词the的用法
(4)”the+集体名词”一般可以表示特指的群体。如:
the public
公众
the police
警察
the majority
多数人
4.定冠词the的用法
(5)the用于泛指一天中的各段时间和季节。如:
in the morning
在早晨
in the afternoon
在下午
in the evening
在晚上
4.定冠词the的用法
(6)定冠词用于地名以外的其他独一无二的事物。如:
the United Nations
联合国
the Titanic
泰坦尼克号
the Times
《泰晤士报》
the Harry Potter
《哈利波特》
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4.定冠词the的用法
(7)定冠词常与形容词最高级、乐器词连用。如:
It’s the best movie I’ve ever seen.
Jenny plays the piano.
4.定冠词the的用法
(8)但是,在副词的最高级前可以不用定冠词。如:
Judy runs fastest among the girls.
He likes cooking best of all.
4.定冠词the的用法
(9)一般情况下,中国特有的农历节日前加the
the Spring Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival
4.定冠词the的用法
(10)用在表方向、方位的名词前
in the east; in the west
hit on the nose
(11)用在身体部位前
4.定冠词the的用法
(12)用在序数词前
January is the first month of the year.
(13)the +姓氏复数 表示一家人
5.零冠词的用法
(1)”零冠词+专有名词”表示独一无二的事物。如:
Elizabeth was her mother’s name.
He will soon visit London.
He’s Chinese. I’m Japanese. He’s Korean.
5.零冠词的用法
(2)”零冠词+可数名词复数”表示类别。如:
We can do it!
Women are fighting for their rights.
Museums are closed on Mondays.
Doctors always support each other.
人
地点
职业
5.零冠词的用法
(3)”零冠词+不可数名词”表示类别。如:
Does money make the world go around?
English is a world language.
Yellow is my favourite colour.
集合物
语言
颜色
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5.零冠词的用法
(4)一日三餐通常用零冠词。如breakfast、lunch、dinner等。
Jack is at lunch.
杰克正在吃午餐。
Dinner is served.
晚餐摆好了。
5.零冠词的用法
(5)”介词by/on+交通工具”使用零冠词,表示”交通”、”运输方式”。如:
by air/plane
乘飞机
by bus
乘公共汽车
I travelled all over Europe by bus.
我乘公共汽车游遍了欧洲。
5.零冠词的用法
(6)零冠词用于”成对”的事物。如:
day and night
昼夜
pen and ink
笔墨
Mother and son went to London by a morning train.
母子俩乘坐早上的火车去了伦敦。
5.零冠词的用法
(7)在两个或多个名词前面只使用一个冠词(定冠词或不定冠词)时,表示一个人或事物的双重或多重身份,在这种情况下其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:
There’s ____________ on the table.
桌子上有一副刀叉。
a knife and fork
ENTER
Help!
33
Help!
You can’t get away this time!
第一关
Ⅰ.填入a或an
1.________ holiday
2.________ year
3.________ umbrella
4.________ ostrich
5.________ hour
6.________ magazine
7.________ one-way ticket
8.________ island
a
a
an
an
an
a
a
an
第二关
Ⅱ.填空,填入正确的冠词,若不需要冠词,则在空格里打×
1.Please close ______ door.
2.He can speak ______ Chinese very well.
3.Drink _____ water instead of _____ juice.
4.John is _____ friend of mine.
5.I only eat ______ egg a day.
6.Mary is ______ mother of ______ two boys.
7.______ sun is shining in _____ sky.
8.We had _____ wonderful time.
the
×
×
×
a
an
the
the
The
the
a
Run!
That’s annoying!
Thank you !
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