必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（PPT课件）-【满分思维】2027年高考一轮总复习·英语（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“人与自然——灾难防范”主题，覆盖核心词汇（如affect, ruin, trap）、重点句型（as if/as though从句）及读后续写等高考核心考点。依据高考评价体系，通过2023-2025年浙江卷、新课标卷等真题分析，明确语法填空（占比约30%）、写作（占比约40%）等常考题型，构建“词汇突破-句型应用-语篇写作”的系统备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题实战+技能锤炼”的特色设计，如核心词汇“trap”通过“练会-归纳-写美”三步训练，结合2023新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空真题，培养学生语言能力；读后续写模块详解“恐惧”情感的直陈、描述、比喻等多样表达，提升思维品质。助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准教学，实现高效冲刺。

UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS 主题语境:人与自然—— 灾难防范 36篇美文助记新课标3100词汇 The Power of Nature and Human Resilience Natural disasters,such as earthquakes or typhoon,can strike anytime, causing severe damage.When they affect a region,they often destroy infrastructure and ruin homes and sometimes even cause floods and landslides.People suffer greatly,facing the threat of injury and death.To survive,it is crucial to stay calm and seek proper shelter immediately. After the disaster,rescue teams make every effort to provide aid.They work tirelessly to locate survivors and offer essential supplies like food and water.While the path to recovery is long,such collective efforts are vital to help the affected communities rebuild their lives.This cooperation highlights human resilience in the face of overwhelming challenges. 研考点•核心突破 测效果•课堂评价 目 录 索 引 练续写•锤炼技能 研考点•核心突破 核心词汇突破 1.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→affection n.喜爱→effect n.作用;影响→effective adj.有效的 [练会]　单句语法填空 大量的 ①A large number of donations have been flooding into the 　　　　　(affect) areas.(应用文之报道)  ②Learning that you are affected 　　　　　　a serious disease and have to return to Ireland for treatment,I am terribly sorry about it.(应用文之安慰信)  affected with [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③People’s lives 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(常常受到各种因素的影响).In relationships,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(向我们关心的人表达爱意).When someone is going through a tough time,the 　　　　　　　　　　　　(喜爱和支持) of friends and family can make a huge difference.  are often affected by various factors show affection for those we care about affection and support 归纳　(1)be affected by 受……的影响;被……感动 be affected with 感染……疾病 (2)affection for...喜爱…… (3)have an effect/influence on/upon 对……产生影响 词块　be affected with high fever发高烧 积累　Affected by those selfless doctors,I have developed a deep affection for the career.(应用文之短文投稿) 在那些无私的医生的影响下,我喜欢上了这个职业。 2.ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①On returning to the town,they were shocked to find their neighbourhood 　　　　　　ruins.(读后续写之情感描写)  ②The ancient castle was reduced to 　　　　　　(ruin),and the surrounding villages were also severely affected.  in ruins [写美]　句式升级·背诵 ③He made a serious mistake in the race and ruined his chance to win the championship. →He made a serious mistake in the race,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to win the championship.(用定语从句改写)  →He made a serious mistake in the race,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to win the championship.(用现在分词改写)   which ruined his chance ruining his chance 归纳　(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 fall into ruin 成为废墟 (2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡 ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 积累　You can’t change the past,but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.(读后续写之主旨升华) 你改变不了过去,但如果你忧虑未来,你将会毁了现在。 3.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克　vt.(使)震惊→shocked adj.感到震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①Looking at the house which lay in ruins 　　　　　　shock,he called 119 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped.  ②“Hagrid!”said Harry,shocked 　　　　　　　　(see) Hagrid shaking with grief,great tears leaking down into his beard.  ③Tom won the championship in the marathon,which was a great shock 　　　　　　us all.  in to see to [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④被我刻薄的话震惊了,卡琳娜惊恐地盯着我,一句话也说不出来。(读后续写之情感描写) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Karina stared at me in horror and failed to say a word.  Shocked by my mean words 归纳　(1)be a shock to...是一件令……震惊的事 in shock 吃惊地,震惊地 (2)be shocked at sth./that...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊 词块　electric shock触电;电休克 cultural shock文化冲突 freeze with shock吓呆了 4.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套　n.陷阱;险境 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①People with weak control power are likely to be trapped into 　　　　(buy) useless goods by the webcast.  ②　　　　　　(trap) in the ruins for two days,the girl constantly held a positive attitude,firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue.  ③(牛津高阶词典)She had set a trap 　　　　　　him and he had walked straight into it.  buying Trapped for [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④如果我没有和汤姆吵架,没有走开,没有爬到高处,我就不会被困在这个可怕的地方,面临死亡的危险。 Hadn’t I quarreled with Tom,walked away and climbed to the high place, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　,confronted with the danger of dying.  I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place 归纳　(1)be trapped in 被困在…… trap sb.into doing sth.诱使某人做某事 (2)fall into/get out of a trap落入/摆脱圈套 lay/set a trap (for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套 联想　可用于“动词+sb.+into(out of) doing”结构的动词小结 talk/persuade/argue sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事 cheat/trick/fool sb.into doing sth.欺骗/哄骗某人做某事 frighten sb.into doing sth.吓唬某人做某事 force sb.into doing sth.迫使某人做某事 5.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;掩埋;使沉浸;使专心→burial n.埋葬;葬礼 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①The young man,who also seemed deeply buried 　　　　　thought,raised his eyes.(读后续写之动作描写)  ②　　　　　　(bury) himself in what he was doing,he didn’t even notice it was getting dark outside.  ③　　　　　　(bury) in reading the English newspaper every day,I have gained lots of useful knowledge.(应用文之征文投稿)  in Burying Buried [写美]　一句多译·背诵 ④Hearing the bad news,she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.(读后续写之动作描写) →Hearing the bad news,she burst into tears,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 . (现在分词作状语)  →Hearing the bad news,she burst into tears,　 　　　　　　　 　　　　. (with复合结构)  →Hearing the bad news,she burst into tears,　　　　　　　　　 　　　　. (独立主格结构)   burying her face in her hands with her face buried in her hands her face buried in her hands 归纳　bury...in...把……埋到……里;使……沉浸于…… bury one’s face in one’s hands (doing) sth. 双手掩面埋头于/专心于(做)某事 be buried in thought 陷入沉思 联想　表示“专心于……”的短语小结 be absorbed in、keep one’s mind on、devote oneself to、concentrate on、focus attention on 6.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①We should make great efforts 　　　　　　　　　(preserve) and enrich our own traditional cultures.(应用文之传统文化)  ②　　　　　　 effort,she managed to stop herself laughing.(读后续写之动作描写)  ③Last Sunday,our school organised a friendly football match between students and teachers,in an effort 　　　　　　　　(enrich) our school life.  to preserve With to enrich [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④然而,他不顾一切地追赶着其他人,汗水从他的脸颊上流下来,但他丝毫没有放弃的迹象。(读后续写之动作描写) However,he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　up with the others, drops of sweat streaming down his cheeks,but he showed no sign of giving up.　　　　　 独立主格结构  spared no effort to catch 归纳　with (an) effort费劲地 without effort 毫不费力地 in an effort to do sth.为了做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事 make every effort to do sth.尽全力做某事 make an effort/efforts to do sth.努力做某事 积累　Students are supposed to apply themselves to studying.After all, nobody can pass all the exams without effort.(应用文之发言稿) 学生应该专心学习。毕竟没有人能毫不费力地通过所有考试。 7.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受　vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事→sufferer n.受难者;患病者 [练会]　单句/语段语法填空 ①She found herself suffering 　　　　　　stage fright,her palms sweating and her legs trembling. 独立主格结构  ②In times of disaster,many people become 　　　　　　(suffer).They suffer 　　　　　great loss—losing their homes,possessions,and even loved ones. The pain and 　　　　　　(suffer) they endure is unimaginable.They serve as a reminder of the importance of coming together to support those in need.  from sufferers a suffering [写美]　微写作·背诵 ③这位运动员在比赛中因受伤遭受了很多痛苦,但他坚持完成了比赛。 The athlete 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　from the injury during the game,but he persevered and finished the match.  归纳　suffer pain/injury/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/受伤/艰难/破坏 suffer defeat/loss/poverty/punishment 遭受失败/损失/贫困/惩罚 suffer from 受……折磨;患……病 词缀　-ing名词后缀小结 acting 演技 ageing 老化 building 建筑物 teaching 教学 beginning 开始 parenting养育 suffered a lot of pain 8.supply n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品　vt.供应;供给 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①In the earthquake-stricken area,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food 　　　　　　　　(supply).  ②The natural resources,such as coal and oil,are 　　　　　　short supply in this country.  supplies in [写美]　同义句转换·背诵 ③Many parents in China are always making every effort to provide their children with the best education. →Many parents in China are always making every effort to                      　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (supply)  →Many parents in China are always making every effort to 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (offer)  offer their children the best education/offer the best education to their children supply their children with the best education/supply the best education to their children 归纳　(1)in short supply 短缺 have a good supply of...备有许多…… (2)supply sth.to sb.为某人提供某物 supply sb.with sth.为某人提供某物 点津　(1)supply作名词,表示“补给品”时,要用复数形式,即supplies。 (2) 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有provide sb.with sth.=provide sth.for sb.、offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.。 积累　The government has supplied the local people with plenty of food and clothes since the earthquake occurred. 政府在地震发生后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。 9.survive vi.生存;存活　vt.幸存;艰难度过→survival n.[U]幸存;[C]残存物→survivor n.幸存者;生还者 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①The 　　　　　owed his 　　　　　　to a TV program,which taught what to survive 　　　　　　when trapped in the wild.(survive)  ②Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness,she still survived her husband 　　　　　　5 years.  ③The ancient building survived 　　　　　　the Tang Dynasty as a museum.(应用文之短文投稿)  survivor survival on by from [写美]　微写作·背诵 ④生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存,而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句) Life isn’t about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　;it’s about learning to dance in the rain.  how to survive the storm 归纳　survive sth.幸免于;从……中挺过来/活过来 survive on 依靠……生存下来 A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……) survive from...as...作为……留存下来 点津　survive 表示“幸免于……”时,是及物动词,因而不需要加多余的介词。 词缀　-al名词后缀小结 arrival到达 official官员 chemical化学药品 proposal建议 10.strike vt.& vi.(struck,struck/stricken)击打;罢工;时钟等敲响;划(火柴);撞击;侵袭;给某人以……印象;突然想起　n.罢工;罢课;袭击 [练会]　单句语法填空 ①We should know what to do when a hurricane 　　　　　　(strike).  ②The workers are coming out 　　　　　　strike for higher wages,which is a shock to the government.  ③(2023浙江1月卷)My friends were all deeply struck 　　　　　　the profound bond between a little bird and her saver.  strikes on by/with [写美]　一句多译·背诵 ④我突然想到一个好主意,我们可以在即将到来的教师节送给老师一份手工制作的礼物。 →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.  →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.(用it作形式主语改写)  A good idea struck/hit/occurred to me It struck/hit/occurred to me that 归纳　(1)be struck with/by 为……所袭击(感动) It strikes/hits/occurs to sb.that...某人突然想到…… (2)strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心 (3)be on strike 在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 积累　Mount Tai has struck its beauty into my heart;as a result,it strikes me that I will visit it again. 泰山的美让我刻骨铭心,所以我想我会再次游览泰山。 ★补遗缺　微点练全 Ⅰ.一词多义——语段练 1.The woman doctor who was just delivered① of her own baby months ago is delivering② a speech on how to help deliver③ a baby in emergencies.Her speech will be documented,printed and delivered④ to each household. ①                            ②                                                          ③　　　　 　　  ④                            v.分娩,生小孩　 v.发表(演说等)　 v.接生;助产　 v.递送;传送 2.A serious disease affected① me last year,greatly affecting② my quality of life.Luckily,my friends helped me a lot,which deeply affected③ me. ①                            ②                                                          ③　　　　 　　  3.Since the president came to power①,the country has risen to a global power② for its amazing electrical power③ systems and now it has the power④ to make its people live a better life. ①                            ②                                                          ③　　　　 　　  ④                            vt.使感染(疾病)　 vt.影响　 vt.使感动 n.统治,政权　 n.有影响力的国家　 n.电力　 n.能力,力量 4.With the flood① flooding② into the house,they were trapped immediately. ①                            ②                                                          5.The only access to the castle was ruined① by the flood,making everything in ruins②,thus ruining③ our trip. ①                            ②                                                          ③　　　　 　　  n.洪水　 v.大量涌入 v.毁坏;摧毁　 n.废墟　 v.破坏,糟蹋 6.With waves① breaking on the shore,he stepped on the ship.After I waved② goodbye to him,a wave③ of loss swept over me. ①                            ②                                                          ③　　　　 　　  n.海浪,波浪　 v.挥臂;挥手;招手　 n.心潮 Ⅱ.熟词生义——表中填 hit 项目 意义 例句 熟 义 vt.　　　　　　　　　  She hit her thumb with the hammer. vt.　　　　　　　　　  Try to hit the middle of the target. 生 义 vt.　　　　　　　　　  (2023新课标Ⅱ卷)You’ll hit roadblocks,and you’ll feel discouraged at times. vt.　　　　　　　　　  That’s when it hit me that my life would never be the same again. vt.　　　　　　　　　  I just can’t hit those high notes as I used to. n.　 　　　　　　　　  The Beatles had a string of number-one hits in the 1960s. n.　　　　　　　　　   Our page had 243 hits this week. 击,打 射击;轰炸 (无意中)碰到 使忽然意识到 达到,实现 风行一时的流行歌曲(唱片) (对因特网网页的)点击 Ⅲ.写作词汇——语篇串 Last week,1.　　　　　　　　　　　　(一场可怕的洪水) hit our town—2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这场灾难冲毁了许多房屋,切断了电力供应).3.　　　　　　　　　　　(在紧急情况下),rescuers 4.　　　　　　　　　(保持镇静) to save people. They helped trapped residents and pulled them out of danger.Though the flood 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(造成很大危害甚至一些死亡),everyone worked together to get through the hard time.  a terrible flood this disaster swept away many houses and cut off power　 In the emergency stayed calm caused great damage and even some deaths 重点句型透视 as if/as though引导表语从句和方式状语从句 [教材原句] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临! [练会]　单句语法填空 ①Listen,the whistle of an ambulance;it seems as if there 　　　　　　(be) an emergency.  ②The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she 　　　　　　(be) their own mother.  ③It seemed as if the police 　　　　　　　　　(throw) in the towel and were abandoning the investigation.  ④The dolphin emitted delighted squeals that echoed through the ocean,as if 　　　　　　(thank) her for granting it the gift of freedom once again.(读后续写之情景交融)  ⑤(译林必修三)Its walls were fresh as if 　　　　　　(paint) yesterday;not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.  is were had thrown thanking painted [写美]　微写作·背诵 ⑥眼泪在眼眶里打转,大卫抬起头,看着我,好像要说什么,但是又垂下了头。(读后续写之心理描写) Tears swirling in his eyes,David raised his head,looked at me 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but lowered his head once again.  as if he would say something/as if (he was) to say something 归纳　(1)as if相当于as though,意为“似乎,好像”,用在seem,look等系动词之后引导表语从句。 (2)as if/though还可引导方式状语从句。若as if从句描述非现实情况,则用虚拟语气。 ①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were); ②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用过去完成时(had+过去分词); 点津　(1)若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大,则不用虚拟语气。 (2)如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可省略从句主语和be动词,这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。 积累　 He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying,his eyes wide with excitement.(读后续写之动作+情感描写) 他伸展四肢,好像在飞,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。 测效果•课堂评价 Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点 题组A　基础必练 1.He made a great effort to save the girl 　 　　　(trap) in the burning house. 2.This event will supply you 　　　　　　a precious opportunity to work with experts in this field.  3.　　　　　　(bury) in reading the legend of a master in basketball,he didn’t make it to school on time.  4.I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing 　　　 　　　(happen).  5.The stadium and the gym laid 　　　　　　ruins after the big fire caused by careless smoking.  trapped with Buried had happened in 题组B　高考链接 6.(2025浙江1月卷)Building 　　　　　　(effect)communication skills takes time,but the effects are worth the effort.  7.(2024浙江1月卷)Soon Eva began to 　　　　　(breath) hard,with her heart pounding and legs shaking.  8.(2023浙江1月卷)Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which 　　　　　　　　　(damage) the U.S.agricultural economy.  effective breathe has damaged 9.(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)They surveyed several hundred park-goers,asking them to submit a written 　　　　　　(summarize) online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.  10.(2023全国甲卷)For thousands of years,people have told fables to teach a lesson or to pass on 　　　　　　(wise).  summary wisdom Ⅱ.构词法规则——语境中突破派生词汇 构词法 前缀mis-表示“相反”“错误” 指出下列黑体词的含义 1.(2023全国甲卷)But when we looked at the tomatoes,we were worried because they were so misshapen:not at all like the nice,round,shiny things you get in a supermarket.　　　　　  2.(2023全国乙卷)In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides,there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted,especially when only the victors know how to write.　　　　　  畸形的 误解 3.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)Kevin’s concern about the dog is that they may misbehave.　　　 　  4.(2019江苏卷)It would not matter if these misjudgements were just a matter of people’s opinions.However,they have real impacts,as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.　　　　　　　　　　　  5.(2019天津卷)Would you BET on the future of this man?He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. 　　　　　  行为不当 判断错误;误导 不幸 Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇、句型表达) 应用文——发言稿 (2021全国乙卷改编) 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛,内容包括: 1.分析优势与不足; 2.提出学习建议。 注意:写作词数应为80左右。 第一步:斟酌词句,靓化表达 1.我忽然想到在线学习对我们学生有重大影响。 It strikes me that online learning has a great effect on us students. 2.许多学生专心学习有益的在线课程,这既开阔了视野也提高了他们的学习兴趣。(非限制性定语从句) Many students are buried in learning beneficial online courses,which broadens their horizons and enhances their learning interest. 3.使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(主语从句;表语从句) What shocks us/What makes us shocked is that many students are addicted to online games. 4.从长远看这一定会毁掉他们的健康和希望。 It will definitely ruin their health and hope in the long run. 5.尽管这个问题很难解决,我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受网瘾之苦的人。(主语+be+adj.+to do) Although/Though/While the problem is difficult to handle,we should spare no effort to help those who are suffering from Internet addiction. 第二步:恰当过渡,完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇) It strikes me that online learning has a great effect on us students. Many students are buried in learning beneficial online courses,which broadens their horizons and enhances their learning interest.However,what shocks us/what makes us shocked is that many students are addicted to online games.As far as I’m concerned,it will definitely ruin their health and hope in the long run. Although/Though/While the problem is difficult to handle,we should spare no effort to help those who are suffering from Internet addiction. 练续写•锤炼技能 (三)情感描写之“恐惧与惊恐”   Ⅰ.经典词汇 Ⅱ.靓点语块 记一记 1.afraid adj.害怕的 2.fear vt.&n.害怕;畏惧 3.tremble/shake vi.发抖 4.panic v.恐慌 5.scare vt.使恐惧;使害怕 →scared adj.害怕的 →scary adj.恐怖的;吓人的 6.terrify vt.使恐惧;恐吓→terrifying adj.令人害怕的;骇人听闻的→terrified adj.非常害怕的;极度惊恐的→terror n.恐怖 1.scare sb.to death吓死某人 2.let out a scream of terror发出恐怖的尖叫 3.scare sb.out of one’s wits把某人吓得魂飞魄散 4.a flood of fear恐惧万分 5.on pins and needles如坐针毡 6.be seized with panic惊慌失措 7.be numb with fear吓呆 8.(make) one’s hair stand on end (使)某人毛骨悚然 9.be dead with fright吓得面无血色 10.make one’s blood freeze令人惊恐   Ⅰ.经典词汇 Ⅱ.靓点语块 测一测 7.horror n.恐怖 →　　　　　　 adj.糟糕的  8.fright n.恐惧 →　　　　　　 vt.吓唬 →　　　　　 adj.害怕的 →　　　　　 adj.令人害怕的  11.go/turn white/pale 　　　　　　　　　　　  12.have one’s heart in one’s mouth 　　　　　  13.heart races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear 　　　　　　　　　　　  horrible frighten frightened frightening (脸色)变得苍白 提心吊胆 因恐惧而心脏狂跳 Ⅲ.多样表达 [记一记] 1.直陈式表述 在读后续写中我们可以用fear,scare,afraid,frightened 等词直接将恐惧表达出来。 I was scared stiff/silly. 我吓傻了。 His frigid glance made me afraid. 他冷淡的目光使我害怕。 I am afraid under the vigilant eyes of the examiner. 主考人警惕的目光让我害怕。 2.描述性表述 人们恐惧时,会脸色苍白、睁大眼睛、呆立不动、大声尖叫、呼吸急促、不自觉地后退,特别恐惧时还会发抖、休克。我们可以通过角色的表现从侧面描写恐惧。 Sally said I should try bungee,but I had cold feet. 萨莉说我应该试试蹦极,但我临阵退缩了。 Mac sat in the car,his heart still fluttering with fear. 麦克坐在车里,他的心仍因恐惧而怦怦直跳。 He could even imagine the wolf’s teeth tearing into his flesh. 他甚至可以想象狼的牙齿撕咬他的肉。 Failing to get the prey,the disappointed wolf left disappearing into the woods. 没能抓到猎物,失望的狼消失在树林里。 3.比喻性表述 我们可用比喻的手法表达恐惧,带有 like或as 的是明喻,不带的是暗喻。 Yes,but for their timely help,I would have been the food of the wolf. 是的,要不是他们及时的帮助,我早就成为狼的食物了。 4.夸张性表述 我们也可以运用我们的想象力,将恐惧想象成有形事物进行描述,并加以放大。 He was frightened out of life. 他吓得魂不附体。 It seemed as if the world were at an end. 世界似乎到了尽头。 It seemed as if his life had come to an end. 他的生命似乎走到了尽头。 The explosion really frightened the pants off me. 爆炸把我吓得魂飞魄散。 A snake came out of the woods and scared me to death. 一条蛇从树林里出来,把我吓死了。 5.拟人式表述 我们也可以将恐惧想象成一个人或有生命的动物来描述它的言行。 A flood of fear welled up in him. 一阵恐惧涌上他的心头。 The dark and rainy evening,the wind,the thunder,and the clouds held me entirely in their power. 漆黑的雨夜、狂风、雷声和乌云把我完全控制住了。 6.反语式表述 在读后续写中,我们也可以用正话反说的方式来表达恐惧的心理。 By this time his courage had fled. 这时他的勇气已经消失了。 He held his breath,daring not to make a movement. 他屏住呼吸,不敢动。 [测一测] 1.She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　at the thought of the accident.  她一想到那场事故就感到害怕。 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she 　　　　　　　　　　to jelly. (独立主格结构;比喻)  心吓得狂跳不止,她感到双腿发软。 3.　　　　　　　　　,he let out a scream of terror,                 down his face uncontrollably.(形容词短语作状语;with复合结构)  他既害怕又紧张,发出一声惊恐的尖叫,眼泪无法控制地从脸上流下来。 was struck with fear Heart racing violently with terror felt her legs turning Scared and nervous with tears streaming 实战演练 微场景1　“被鲨鱼追赶”主题下的“恐惧、惊恐” ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(十岁的切特一阵恐惧,无灵主语句),②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(一股寒意深入他的骨髓,独立主格).He had been swimming in the water by himself.But he had the idea that someone—or something—was watching him.And then he saw it—a large gray fin,slicing through the water like a knife.What was that?Could it really be a shark?  A feeling of terror came over ten-year-old Chet　 a chill deep down in his bones 微场景2　“冒险”主题下的“恐惧、惊恐” Though ③　　　　　　　　　　　　(我手心在出汗),I tried to swallow my fear.“You can do this;you can do this,”I repeated to myself throughout the long wait.We inched our way up the line and finally reached the end of the line.Our turn was next.It was time to step into the waiting seat and pull the safety bar over my lap.④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我吓得浑身僵硬),and at that moment I knew:I just couldn’t do it.  my palms were sweating My body was stiff with fear $