期末冲刺满分 Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 2025-2026学年七年级英语下册（人教版）

Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 一、知识梳理(高频核心考点) 1 (一)重点高频词汇(音标 + 词义 + 记忆点拨 + 掌握等级) 1 (二)语音知识(必考辨音题型) 4 (三)核心高频句型(期末默写、情景交际、连词成句必考) 4 (四)关键语法(通俗讲解,贴合七年级认知) 5 二、考点突破(核心考点 + 解题技巧 + 易错点) 6 (一)听力部分 6 (二)词汇部分 7 (三)句型部分 8 (四)阅读理解(校规班规类短文为主) 8 (五)书面表达(七年级要求:仿写句子 + 简短写话) 8 (六)语音辨析 (中频考点) 9 三、分层精炼(基础题 + 提升题 + 拓展题) 10 (一)基础题(必拿分・全体学生必做) 10 (二)提升题(提分关键・中等生重点练习) 12 (三)拓展题(冲刺高分・优等生拔高练习) 14 四、参考答案及详细规范解析 15 (一)基础题 15 (二)提升题 16 (三)拓展题 19 五、单元期末高频易错点汇总(背诵必记) 20 单元学习目标(核心素养导向) 1. 语言能力:掌握14个核心词汇、7个固定短语、4类核心句型,能熟练运用祈使句表达规则禁令,正确使用情态动词can/must/have to表达许可与义务,掌握校园规则主题的综合表达。 2. 文化意识:理解规则的意义与价值,树立自觉遵守校规班规的意识,培养自律、有序的行为习惯,了解中外校园规则的共同内涵。 3. 思维品质:能有条理地描述校园规则、说明行为要求、表达许可与禁止,形成逻辑清晰的指令与说明类表达习惯。 4. 学习能力:掌握字母组合al的发音规则,学会归类记忆情态动词搭配与规则类词汇,能自主完成分层练习与错题复盘。 一、知识梳理(高频核心考点) (一)重点高频词汇(音标 + 词义 + 记忆点拨 + 掌握等级) 标注: 四会词(听、说、读、写,必考默写); 三会词(听、说、读,认读为主) 补充语音考点:本单元核心发音规则——字母组合 al 在单词中发长元音 / /。 分类 序号 单词 音标 中文释义 记忆点拨 掌握等级 规则与场所名词类 1 rule /ru l/ 规则;规章 复数形式rules,follow the rules 遵守规则 2 hall /h l/ 大厅;礼堂 学校礼堂school hall,复数halls 3 hallway / h lwe / 走廊;过道 hall(大厅)+way(道路),复合名词 4 uniform / ju n f m/ 校服;制服 复数形式uniforms,school uniform 校服 5 order / d (r)/ 秩序;顺序 固定搭配in order,no rules no order 动作行为动词类 6 arrive / ra v/ 到达 固定搭配arrive at/in,反义词leave 7 listen / l sn/ 听;倾听 固定搭配listen to,强调听的动作 8 fight /fa t/ 打架;战斗 过去式fought,fight with sb 和某人打架 9 wear /we (r)/ 穿;戴 过去式wore,强调穿着的状态 10 practice / pr kt s/ 练习 美式拼写,practice doing sth 练习做某事 状态与属性类 11 sorry / s ri/ 抱歉的;难过的 道歉常用语,反义词glad 12 outside / a t sa d/ 在外面;外面的 反义词inside,可作副词/形容词 13 important / m p tnt/ 重要的 名词形式importance,It's important to do 14 quiet / kwa t/ 安静的 副词形式quietly,反义词noisy 必背固定短语(朗读 + 默写) 1. be on time 准时 2. in the hallway 在走廊里 3. listen to music 听音乐 4. have to 必须;不得不 5. keep quiet 保持安静 6. follow the rules 遵守规则 7. no rules no order 无规矩不成方圆 核心词性转换(七年级期末高频考点) 1. rule (n. 规则) ruler (n. 尺子;管理者) 2. quiet (adj. 安静的) quietly (adv. 安静地) 3. important (adj. 重要的) importance (n. 重要性) 4. listen (v. 听) listener (n. 听众) 5. fight (v. 打架) fought (过去式/过去分词) 6. wear (v. 穿;戴) wore (过去式) ️ 易混词辨析 词汇/结构 用法区别 例句 must 强调主观上“必须”,侧重说话人的主观看法,没有时态变化 We must follow the school rules. have to 强调客观上“不得不”,侧重外部要求,有人称和时态变化 I have to wear uniform on school days. listen 强调“听”的动作,是不及物动词,接宾语要加to Listen to the teacher carefully in class. hear 强调“听到”的结果,是及物动词 I can't hear you clearly. can 表示“可以、能够”,用于询问许可或说明能力 Can we eat in the dining hall? must 表示“必须”,语气强硬,用于说明义务与规定 We must be on time for class. (二)语音知识(必考辨音题型) 核心规则:字母组合 al 在单词中通常发长元音 / / 发音要点: / /:双唇收圆并向前突出,舌身后缩,长音饱满,声带振动; 字母组合al后接辅音时,l常不发音,整体发/ /音。 al 发 / / 例词:hall /h l/、hallway / h lwe /、tall /t l/、wall /w l/ 特殊情况:al后接/f/、/m/时发/ /,如half /h f/、calm /k m/(七年级仅作了解) 记忆技巧:al结尾或后接辅音时,多数发/ /长音,记少数特殊词即可。 (三)核心高频句型(期末默写、情景交际、连词成句必考) 结合禁令表达、许可询问、义务要求、规则说明四大场景,分为禁令祈使句、许可问答、义务表达、规则说明四大类,要求熟读、背诵、规范书写,牢记问答搭配。 1. 规则禁令表达(否定祈使句) 句型结构 例句 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他. Don't run in the hallways. 2. 行为许可询问与回答 句型结构 例句 — Can we + 动词原形 + 其他? — Yes, we can. / No, we can't. — Can we eat in class? — No, we can't. 3. 义务与要求表达 句型结构 例句 主语 + must + 动词原形 + 其他. 主语 + have/has to + 动词原形 + 其他. We must wear school uniforms. You have to be quiet in the library. 4. 规则重要性说明 句型结构 例句 It's + 形容词 + to do sth. It's important to follow the rules. (四)关键语法(通俗讲解,贴合七年级认知) 1. 祈使句的肯定与否定形式 祈使句用于表达命令、请求、禁令、劝告等,通常省略主语you,以动词原形开头,是七年级下册核心语法。 肯定祈使句:动词原形 + 其他成分 例句:Listen to the teacher carefully. 否定祈使句:Don't + 动词原形 + 其他成分 例句:Don't fight with your classmates. 委婉表达:句首或句尾加please,语气更礼貌 例句:Please keep quiet in the library. ️ 高频易错:否定祈使句Don't后必须接动词原形,不能接不定式或动名词。 2. 情态动词must/have to/can的用法及区别 三个情态动词均与规则表达相关,是本单元核心考点,七年级重点区分含义与搭配。 can:表“能够、可以”,用于询问许可或说明能力;否定形式can't表“不可以、不能”。 must:表“必须”,强调主观要求或规定义务;否定形式mustn't表“禁止、绝不可以”。 have to:表“不得不、必须”,强调客观条件的要求;有人称和时态变化,第三人称单数用has to。 核心区别:must侧重主观规定,have to侧重客观要求;can侧重许可与能力。 二、考点突破(核心考点 + 解题技巧 + 易错点) 结合七年级下册期末统考题型,分模块拆解考点、答题方法与典型错误,适配教材考情。 (一)听力部分 1. 听音选图片 / 听音选规则场景 (高频必考) 考查内容:各类校园规则场景、禁止行为、要求动作。 解题技巧: ① 听题前:快速浏览图片与选项,区分不同行为场景,标记核心动词与禁令标志; ② 听题中:重点捕捉Don't开头的祈使句、can/must/have to等情态动词标志词; ③ 听题后:第二遍录音核对答案,不随意修改。 典型易错点:混淆 must 与 have to 的语气差异;听辨不清肯定与否定祈使句。 2. 听音选答语 (高频必考) 考查内容:规则问答、许可询问、义务要求。 解题技巧: ① 听到 Can we...?,答语用 Yes/No + can/can't; ② 听到 Don't... 类祈使句,答语常用 Sorry, I won't. 回应; ③ 听到规则要求类问句,答语常用 I see. / OK, I will. 回应。 3. 听对话判断正误 (中频考点) 解题技巧: 抓取对话中的规则内容、场所要求、禁止行为等信息,对照题干逐一判断,以原文为依据,不主观猜测。 (二)词汇部分 1. 单词拼写 / 英汉互译 (高频必考) 考查内容:四会单词、固定短语的认读与规范书写。 解题技巧: ① 书写规范:动词第三人称单数、名词复数注意变化规则; ② 短语书写:listen to 中介词to不能漏;follow the rules 中定冠词the不能丢。 易错清单 be on time(正确) be in time(短语含义混淆) listen to music(正确) listen music(漏掉介词to错误) keep quiet(正确) keep quietly(keep后接形容词) follow the rules(正确) follow rule(名词未用复数) 2. 单词分类 / 选词填空 (中频考点) 解题技巧: ① 先划分类别:名词类、动词类、形容词类; ② 情态动词后接动词原形,keep后接形容词,据此快速匹配选项。 (三)句型部分 1. 连词成句 (必考题型) 考查内容:祈使句句型、情态动词句型、许可问答句型。 解题技巧: 1. 祈使句:否定句以Don't开头,后接动词原形;肯定句直接以动词原形开头; 2. 疑问句:先找 Can 置于句首,再依次排列主语、动词原形、其他成分; 3. 硬性规则:句首单词首字母大写,句末正确标注标点;情态动词后接动词原形。 2. 情景交际(单选 / 补全对话) (高频必考) 考查场景:谈论校规班规、提醒他人遵守规则、询问行为许可。 解题技巧: ① 提醒他人不要做某事用 Don't + 动词原形; ② 询问能否做某事用 Can we + 动词原形; ③ 违反规则道歉常用 Sorry, I won't do it again.。 (四)阅读理解(校规班规类短文为主) 考查形式:校规介绍短文、班级公约、图书馆规则、判断正误与单项选择。 解题技巧: ① 圈画文中关键词:场所、规则内容、禁止行为、违规后果; ② 重点核对场所与对应规则的匹配关系,答案必须在原文中找到依据。 (五)书面表达(七年级要求:仿写句子 + 简短写话) 考查形式:介绍自己的班规或校规,写5-6个句子,包含至少3条规则与个人看法。 通用写作模板(直接套用) 1. There are many rules in our school/class. 2. We must _. 3. We can't _. 4. We have to _. 5. It's important to follow the rules. 答题要求:单词拼写正确、句首首字母大写、标点规范;祈使句与情态动词使用准确,规则表述清晰。 (六)语音辨析 (中频考点) 考查形式:选出划线部分发音不同的单词。 解题技巧: 牢记规则:字母组合al多数发/ /;熟记hall, tall, wall等例词,对比快速判断。 三、分层精炼(基础题 + 提升题 + 拓展题) (一)基础题(必拿分・全体学生必做) 建议用时:15分钟 考查目标:单词识记、短语默写、基础句型运用 1. 英汉互译(四会单词 + 核心短语) (1) rule _(2) listen _(3) fight _ (4) quiet _(5) important _(6) 到达 _ (7) 穿;戴 _(8) 准时 _(9) 保持安静 _ (10) 遵守规则 _ 2. 选出不同类的一项 (1)A. hallway B. hall C. classroom D. rule (2)A. arrive B. fight C. sorry D. wear (3)A. quiet B. important C. outside D. practice (4)A. be on time B. listen to C. have to D. school uniform 3. 语音辨析(选出划线部分发音不同的一项) (1)A. hall B. tall C. half D. wall 4. 单项选择 (1) Don't _ in the hallways. It's dangerous. A. run B. runs C. running D. to run (2) — Can we eat in class?— No, we _. A. don't B. can't C. mustn't D. needn't (3) We _ wear school uniforms on school days. It's a rule. A. can B. may C. have to D. might (4) Please keep _ in the library. A. quiet B. quietly C. noise D. noisy (5) It's important _ the school rules. A. follow B. follows C. following D. to follow 5. 连词成句(注意大小写、单词顺序和句末标点) (1) don't, in, fight, class (.) (2) we, uniforms, wear, must, school (.) (3) can, we, music, to, listen (?) 6. 情景选择 (1) 你想提醒同学不要在走廊跑,应该说:_ A. Not run in the hallways. B. Don't run in the hallways. C. No run in the hallways. D. You not run in the hallways. (2) 询问能否在课堂上吃东西,说:_ A. Can we eat in class? B. Do we eat in class? C. Must we eat in class? D. Are we eating in class? (3) 违反规则向老师道歉,说:_ A. Thank you. B. You're welcome. C. Sorry, I won't. D. That's OK. (4) 表达“我们必须准时”,说:_ A. We can be on time. B. We must be on time. C. We may be on time. D. We have be on time. (5) “保持安静” 的正确表达是:_ A. keep quiet B. keep quietly C. be quiet D. keep noise (二)提升题(提分关键・中等生重点练习) 建议用时:20分钟 考查目标:句型运用、语法巩固、语篇理解 1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 (1) _ (not arrive) late for class, Tom. (2) My sister has to _ (wear) her uniform to school. (3) We should practice _ (speak) English every day. (4) Please walk _ (quiet) in the hallway. (5) It's very important _ (follow) the traffic rules. 2. 选词填空(be on time / listen to / keep quiet / follow the rules / have to) (1) We should _ in the reading room. (2) Every student must _ at school. (3) I _ get up early on school days. (4) Please _ the teacher carefully in class. (5) The first class starts at 8:00, so we must _. 3. 句型转换 (1) You can't run in the classroom.(改为祈使句) _ _ in the classroom. (2) We must finish our homework on time.(改为一般疑问句) _ _ finish our homework on time? (3) He has to clean the classroom every day.(改为否定句) He _ _ to clean the classroom every day. (4) Don't eat in class.(改为同义句) We _ _ in class. 4. 补全对话(选择合适句子) A. Can we wear hats in class? B. What about the library? C. Don't arrive late for class. D. There are many rules in our school. Lucy: Hi, Tom. Do you know our new school rules? Tom: No, I don't. Can you tell me? Lucy: Sure. 1. _ Tom: What is the first rule? Lucy: 2. _ We must be on time. Tom: I see. 3. _ Lucy: No, we can't. We must wear school uniforms. Tom: 4. _ Lucy: We have to keep quiet there. We can't talk loudly. 5. 阅读理解 Passage 1 判断正 (T) 误 (F) Every school has rules. Our school also has many rules.First, we must be on time for class. We can't arrive late. Second, we can't run in the hallways. It's dangerous. Third, we have to wear school uniforms on school days. Fourth, we must keep quiet in the library. We think these rules are good for us. It's important to follow the rules. (1) There are no rules in the writer's school. ( ) (2) Students can't arrive late for class. ( ) (3) Students can run in the hallways. ( ) (4) Students have to wear uniforms at school. ( ) Passage 2 阅读选择 Our class has some new rules this term. Let me tell you.First, we have to clean the classroom every day. Second, we can't fight with classmates. We should be friendly to each other. Third, we must listen to the teacher carefully in class. Fourth, we can't eat or drink in class. If we follow these rules, our class will be better and better. (1) How many new rules are there in the class? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. (2) What do they have to do every day? A. Clean the classroom. B. Wear uniforms. C. Read English. D. Do sports. (3) What can't they do in class? A. Listen to the teacher. B. Be friendly. C. Eat or drink. D. Take notes. (4) What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to study well. B. New class rules. C. School life. D. How to be friendly. (三)拓展题(冲刺高分・优等生拔高练习) 建议用时:15分钟 考查目标:综合语言运用、句式仿写、书面表达 1. 按要求完成句子 (1) 没有规矩不成方圆,我们每个人都应该遵守规则。(完成句子) _, so everyone of us should follow the rules. (2) 仿写句子:Don't eat in class, and we must keep quiet. (3) 翻译句子:我们必须按时到校,并且在图书馆里要保持安静。 2. 小练笔(写话,5~6 个完整句子) 要求:介绍你所在班级的班规,参考句型: There are... rules in our class. / We must... / We can't... / We have to... / It's important to... 四、参考答案及详细规范解析 (一)基础题 1. 英汉互译 【答案】(1) 规则;规章 (2) 听;倾听 (3) 打架;战斗 (4) 安静的 (5) 重要的 (6) arrive (7) wear (8) be on time (9) keep quiet (10) follow the rules 【考点】单元四会核心单词与固定短语 【解析】本题为书写类基础必考题,重点考查规则类词汇与短语的拼写;注意arrive的拼写,follow the rules中名词用复数表泛指。 【易错警示】listen是不及物动词,接宾语必须加介词to;祈使句以动词原形开头。 2. 选出不同类的一项 【答案】(1) D (2) C (3) D (4) D 【考点】单词词性与词义分类 【解析】(1) A、B、C均为场所名词,D是抽象名词(规则),类别不同,选D;(2) A、B、D均为动词,C是形容词(抱歉的),词性不同,选C;(3) A、B、C均为形容词/副词,D是动词/名词(练习),词性不同,选D; (4) A、B、C均为动词短语,D是名词短语(校服),类别不同,选D。 3. 语音辨析 【答案】(1) C 【考点】字母组合al的发音规则 【解析】A hall、B tall、D wall中al均发/ /;C half中al发/ /,发音不同,故选C。 【解题技巧】al后接f时多发/ /,属于特殊情况,其余多数发/ /。 4. 单项选择 【答案】(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) A (5) D 【考点】祈使句、情态动词、形容词用法、固定句型 【解析】(1) 否定祈使句Don't后接动词原形,选A;(2) Can引导的一般疑问句,否定回答用can't,选B;(3) 句意为“上学日必须穿校服,是规定”,have to表客观要求的“必须”,符合句意,选C;(4) keep后接形容词作表语,keep quiet意为“保持安静”,选A; (5) 固定句型It's + adj. + to do sth.,it作形式主语,真正主语是不定式,选D。 5. 连词成句 【答案】(1) Don't fight in class.(2) We must wear school uniforms. (3) Can we listen to music? 【考点】单元核心句型结构 【解析】(1) 否定祈使句,Don't置于句首,后接动词原形fight,in class作地点状语;(2) 陈述句,主语We + 情态动词must + 动词短语wear school uniforms;(3) 一般疑问句,情态动词Can提前,listen to music为固定短语。 【易错警示】句首单词首字母必须大写,标点符号使用准确;情态动词后接动词原形。 6. 情景选择 【答案】(1) B (2) A (3) C (4) B (5) A 【考点】情景交际句型匹配 【解析】(1) 表达禁令用否定祈使句Don't + 动词原形,选B;(2) 询问许可用Can引导的一般疑问句,选A;(3) 违反规则道歉常用Sorry, I won't.,意为“抱歉,我不会了”,选C;(4) must表“必须”,强调规定义务,符合句意,选B; (5) keep quiet意为“保持安静”,是固定搭配,选A。 (二)提升题 1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 【答案】(1) Don't arrive (2) wear (3) speaking (4) quietly (5) to follow 【考点】祈使句、情态动词、固定搭配、词性转换 【解析】(1) 否定祈使句以Don't + 动词原形开头,句首大写;(2) have to后接动词原形,意为“不得不做某事”;(3) 固定搭配practice doing sth.,意为“练习做某事”,后接动名词;(4) 修饰动词walk用副词,quiet的副词形式为quietly;(5) 固定句型It's + adj. + to do sth.,后接不定式。 【易错警示】practice后接动名词,不能接不定式。 2. 选词填空 【答案】(1) keep quiet (2) follow the rules (3) have to (4) listen to (5) be on time 【考点】固定搭配与语境运用 【解析】(1) 句意为“阅览室里我们应该保持安静”,keep quiet意为“保持安静”,should后接动词原形;(2) 句意为“每个学生在校都必须遵守规则”,follow the rules意为“遵守规则”,must后接动词原形;(3) 句意为“上学日我不得不早起”,have to意为“不得不”,主语I用原形;(4) 句意为“课堂上请认真听老师讲课”,listen to意为“听……”,祈使句用动词原形;(5) 句意为“第一节课8点开始,我们必须准时”,be on time意为“准时”,must后接动词原形。 3. 句型转换 【答案】(1) Don't run(2) Must we(3) doesn't have(4) can't eat 【考点】祈使句转换、一般疑问句、否定句、同义句转换 【解析】(1) 表达禁止的否定祈使句,用Don't + 动词原形开头;(2) 含情态动词must的句子变一般疑问句,直接把must提前到句首;(3) have to的否定句要借助助动词,主语he是三单,用doesn't + 动词原形have;(4) 否定祈使句可转换为can't + 动词原形的结构,表“不可以做某事”。 4. 补全对话 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 【考点】规则话题情景交际逻辑衔接 【解析】对话遵循“说明学校有很多规则 介绍第一条规则 询问能否戴帽子 询问图书馆规则”的交流逻辑: 1. 下文询问第一条规则是什么,此处总述学校有很多规则,选D; 2. 上文询问第一条规则,此处说明上课不能迟到,必须准时,选C; 3. 下文答语用No回答且提到校服,问句询问能否戴帽子,选A; 4. 下文答语说明图书馆要保持安静,问句询问图书馆的规则,选B。 5. 阅读理解 Passage 1 【答案】(1) F (2) T (3) F (4) T 【考点】细节理解题 【解析】(1) 原文Our school also has many rules说明学校有很多规则,题干no rules表述错误,填F;(2) 原文We can't arrive late与题干一致,填T;(3) 原文we can't run in the hallways说明不能在走廊跑,题干can run表述错误,填F; (4) 原文we have to wear school uniforms与题干一致,填T。 Passage 2 【答案】(1) B (2) A (3) C (4) B 【考点】细节理解题、主旨大意题 【解析】(1) 文中First/Second/Third/Fourth共四条规则,选B;(2) 原文we have to clean the classroom every day明确每日任务,选A;(3) 原文we can't eat or drink in class明确课堂禁令,选C;(4) 全文围绕班级新规则展开介绍,选B。 (三)拓展题 1. 按要求完成句子 【答案】(1) No rules, no order(2) 示例:Don't run in the hallway, and you must be on time.(句式结构一致即可)(3) We must arrive at school on time and keep quiet in the library. 【考点】固定谚语、句式仿写、汉译英 【解析】(1) No rules, no order为固定谚语,意为“无规矩不成方圆”;(2) 保持 否定祈使句 + and + 陈述句(must表要求)的并列结构,语法正确即可; (3) 重点考查arrive at, on time, keep quiet等核心短语,时态准确、逻辑连贯。 2. 小练笔(写话) 【评分标准(满分10分)】 9-10分:涵盖所有要点,祈使句与情态动词运用准确,规则条理清晰,句型丰富,无语法错误,书写规范,逻辑连贯 6-8分:涵盖大部分要点,少量语法错误,不影响理解,规则内容基本完整 3-5分:要点不全,语法错误较多,表达不连贯 【达标范文(6-8分档)】There are many rules in our class.We must listen to the teacher carefully. We can't fight with classmates. We have to clean the classroom every day. It's important to follow the class rules. 【优秀范文(9-10分档)】There are four main rules in our class.First, we must be on time for class. We can't arrive late. Second, we have to keep quiet in class and listen to the teacher carefully. Third, we can't eat or drink in the classroom. Fourth, we should be friendly and never fight with classmates. I think these rules are good for us. If we follow them, our class will be a better place to study. 五、单元期末高频易错点汇总(背诵必记) 1. 祈使句结构易错:否定祈使句必须用Don't + 动词原形,不能用Not或No直接加动词,是全单元最高频失分点。 2. 情态动词辨析易错:must强调主观必须,have to强调客观不得不;can表许可能力,三者使用场景和语气不同,不能混淆。 3. 语音考点:字母组合al多数发/ /,后接f时特殊发/ /,如half,辨音题重点区分。 4. 单词拼写易错:arrive、important、quiet多音节单词易漏字母;practice后接动名词的搭配易记错。 5. 短语搭配易错:listen to 中介词to不能遗漏;keep后接形容词作表语,不能接副词;follow the rules 中定冠词the和名词复数不能错。 6. 词义辨析易错:listen强调听的动作,hear强调听的结果,二者语义侧重不同,不能混用。 7. 句型结构易错:It作形式主语的句型中,真正主语是后面的不定式,不能遗漏不定式符号to;have to的否定和疑问要借助助动词,不能直接变have。 8. 写作易错:介绍规则多用祈使句和情态动词,分点用first、second让逻辑更清晰;肯定规则和否定规则搭配使用,内容更完整,时态不能混用。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $