专题01 谓语被动 VS 非谓语被动-【简语法-语法提升练】2026年暑假新高二语法点“比较式”复习 提升精练100题（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦谓语被动与非谓语被动的核心差异，通过三维度对比分析法构建系统性解题体系，实现从概念辨析到语境应用的逻辑闭环，提升语言理解与表达能力及分析比较思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|50题|对比分析法（词性本质/时态属性/句法功能三维度判定）|从共性（被动完成含义）到差异（谓语主干vs非谓语修饰）的概念生成| |完成句子|20题|语境呼应法（依托主句判定非谓语，依据时间状语确定被动时态）|原理推导：通过时间标志词区分完成时被动与过去分词| |语篇语法填空|3篇30题|语篇衔接法（分析句子成分判断谓语/非谓语功能）|应用拓展：在语篇中综合运用句法功能差异解决复杂语境问题|

暑假 · 弯道超车 专题01谓语被动 VS 非谓语被动 提升精练100题（人教版） 班级 姓名 学号 分数 内容提要 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 语篇语法填空题 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 必修二 Unit3 现在完成时的被动语态 必修二 Unit4 过去分词的功能 两者核心共性为都表达被动、完成含义，最大区别在于词性属性。现在完成时被动语态是时态完整的谓语结构，主导句子主干，可独立成句；过去分词属于非谓语结构，无时态、无谓语功能，仅用于修饰句子，必须依托主句存在。这是高中语法区分谓语被动与非谓语被动的核心考点，也是解题、写作的关键辨析点。 对比维度 现在完成时的被动语态 过去分词（表被动） 对应例句 词性本质 谓语动词，句子核心主干 非谓语动词，仅作修饰成分 被动：The bridge has been repaired.（作谓语） 分词：Repaired recently, the bridge is safe.（仅修饰） 时态属性 有现在完成时态，动作影响至今 无专属时态，只表被动完成状态 被动：Many trees have been planted here.（至今绿植仍在） 分词：Planted years ago, the trees grow well.（只表已栽种） 句法功能 唯一/核心谓语，不可省略 作定语、状语，不充当谓语 被动：His homework has been finished.（句子主干） 分词：Finished homework, he went out.（作状语修饰主句） 句式要求 可独立成完整句子 需依附主句，句中自带谓语 被动：The book has been translated.（完整单句） 分词：Translated into English, the book sells well.（依附主句） 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．The stereotypes commonly _____________ (associate) with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. 2．___________ (accompany) by my parents, my grandmother went to see a movie for the first time yesterday. 3．The movie __________ (call) Ne Zha was famous for its special techniques. 4．The question must be ___________ (simple) so that we can find out a solution to it. 5．Today, it is __________ (estimate) that about 60% of domestic rice consumption is from hybrid strains. 6．They think she ___________ (bury) in the desert, along with a few other things. 7．The boss was too hard on the __________ (hire) men! 8．The report ___________ (finish) before the manager came back. 9．Chinese calligraphy is one of optional courses ___________ (offer) to students who are interested in traditional art. 10．At the foot of the hill, an ancient temple was ______(surround) by tall trees. 11．Elias is very tall and can be easily____________ (spot) in the crowd. 12．As reported, a world’s great novel ___________ (make) into films now, which its fans are looking forward to. 13．She learned yesterday that she had landed a main part in a new school drama ___________(call)Waterloo Road. 14．Since the new policy took effect, large quantities of oil ___________ (save) by energy-efficient measures. 15．The Yangtze River, __________ (know) in China as the Chang Jiang, is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. 16．They turned a blind eye to the new policies __________ (adopt) by the enemy. 17．The students ___________(seat) at the back of the classroom are playing computer games. 18．The database ___________(use) as a teaching resource in colleges must be reliable. 19．—Will the lecture be held at 4 o’clock this afternoon? —No. It ______________ (put) off till tomorrow afternoon. 20．Every year, 10,000 persons were killed by the accidents ________ (cause) by drunk driving. 21．The class ___________ (compose) of fifty students is good. 22．The student, ____________ (absorb) in doing his chemistry experiment, worked throughout the night. 23．I made a leisurely round of the town, ___________ (attract) by the construction going on everywhere. 24．In recent years two chess clubs ___________ (run) to make a profit in my neighbourhood. 25．To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like to look at a study ___________（conduct）in Australia. 26．_______________ (affect) by his story, many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled. 27．So far, more than 100,000 yuan ___________ (raise) to help those in need. 28．Our earth is called a water planet for nearly 70% of its surface_________(cover) with water. 29．Almost 100computers ___________ (give) to us by a local computer company since the end of last year. 30．The dictionary is out of date: many words___________(add) to the language since it was published. 31．___________(compare) with other athletes, he is much more graceful. 32．Be careful! There is a truck _____________ (load) with supplies running downhill. 33．In the information age, ___________(print) books can’t meet people’s various reading needs. 34．These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first ___________ (publish) in 1911. 35．We should pay attention to the physical and mental health problems _______________(cause) by a lack of sleep． 36．Click on this file and you will find whether the document and all the images ___________ (process). 37．Even if ___________(invite) to his party, I won't attend it. 38．People complain about why so much money ___________ (spend) on computer games. 39．______ (equip) with the latest technology, the factory can produce high-quality products efficiently. 40．“YOLO”, ______________ (star) by Jia Ling, stole the spotlight during this year’s Spring Festival season, securing the top spot in the box office well ahead of time. 41．The library __________(build) three years ago belongs to our school. 42．Many people _________________ (help) by the club. 43．Large quantities of food __________(send) to the countries struck by the earthquake so far. 44．_____ (locate) just several hundred metres away from the station,the hotel is very popular. 45．Great progress has been ________________(make) in advancing the cause of disabled people in the past ten years.   46．The 8.8 quake in central Chile caused widespread damage, destroying lots of buildings and hundreds of thousands Of people_____________（affect）. 47．_____________ (equip) with essential knowledge and skills, I’m sure I will adapt to the new work environment quickly. 48．The police are examining the evidence ___________ (collect) during the investigation. 49．They’re showing the___________(edit)highlights of last month’s game. 50．The study finds that about 40 percent of the food___________（produce） in the United States is wasted. 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 受到极大的鼓励，这名学生决定继续坚持自己的科研项目。 ________ ________, the student decided to stick to his research project. 2. 这座古城已经被保护了数百年，因此它风貌依旧。 The ancient city ________ ________ ________ for hundreds of years, so it remains in good condition. 3. 深受当地居民喜爱与追捧，这家拥有百年历史的老字号店铺凭借独特的传统工艺远近闻名。 ________ ________ by local residents, the old shop with a century-old history is famous far and wide for its unique traditional crafts. 4. 截止到目前，本次校园文创大赛的所有参赛作品已经被全部提交至组委会，等待统一评审。 All the works for the school creative competition ________ ________ ________ so far, waiting for unified evaluation. 5. 对本次竞赛的最终结果感到十分失望，他沉默不语，独自一人早早离开了比赛现场。 ________ ________ at the final result of the competition, he left the scene early alone without a word. 6. 建成于二十世纪初期的繁华江岸，这座古朴坚固的大桥静静矗立，见证了整座城市的飞速变迁与发展。 ________ ________ in the early 20th century along the busy river bank, the bridge has witnessed the rapid changes and development of the city. 7. 近几年，众多濒临失传的民间传统手工艺已经被好好传承和保护，重新焕发出生机与活力。 Many endangered traditional folk crafts ________ ________ ________ and protected in recent years, regaining vitality and energy. 8. 全身心专注于自己的科研研究，这位严谨认真的科学家平日里几乎没有休息的时间。 ________ ________ on his scientific research, the strict scientist hardly takes a rest in daily life. 9. 校园内所有潜藏的安全隐患已经被全面排查完毕，混乱的校园秩序也随之恢复正常。 All potential safety hazards on campus ________ ________ ________, and the campus returned to normal. 10. 配备有各类先进精密的实验设备，这间标准化实验室能够顺利开展各类高端科学实验。 ________ ________ with advanced and precise equipment, the standard lab can carry out all kinds of scientific experiments. 11. 截止到目前，本次大型公益活动产生的所有费用已经被全部结清，账目公开透明可查。 All the costs of this large-scale public welfare activity ________ ________ ________ up to now. 12. 与繁华拥挤的大城市相比，安静宜居的小城生活节奏更慢，也更加安逸舒适。 ________ ________ with busy big cities, life in quiet small towns is more peaceful and comfortable. 13. 在这片生态优良的自然保护区内，大量珍稀的野生植物已经被科研人员发现并记录在册。 A large number of rare wild plants ________ ________ ________ in this well-preserved nature reserve. 14. 被突如其来的暴雨困住，来不及返程的游客们只能躲在山间亭子里耐心等待雨停。 ________ ________ in the sudden heavy rain, the tourists who failed to return had to wait patiently in the pavilion. 15. 经过一学期的系统训练，学生们的综合素养与各项能力已经被显著提升，进步十分明显。 Students’ comprehensive abilities ________ ________ ________ greatly after a semester’s systematic training. 16.以真实事件与生活故事为创作基础，这部温情满满的电影打动了无数观众与网友。 ________ ________ on real-life events and stories, the movie has touched thousands of audiences. 17. 在过去的短短几年时间里，这座城市的生态环境与人居环境已经被极大改善，面貌焕然一新。 The local ecological environment ________ ________ ________ greatly in the past few years. 18. 十分熟知中外历史与人文知识，这位学识渊博的老师总能给出独到深刻的见解。 ________ ________ with Chinese and foreign history, the knowledgeable teacher always offers profound opinions. 19. 本次校园竞赛的所有参赛规则与评分标准已经被统一张贴在公告栏上，方便全体同学查阅了解。 All competition rules of the contest ________ ________ ________ on the noticeboard for students to check. 20. 面对突如其来的难题感到十分困惑，在场的所有人一时间都不知道该如何妥善处理。 ________ ________ by the sudden problem, none of the people present knew how to deal with it properly. 三、语法填空：(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) Passage 1 When I was a kid, one day I found a little sheepdog on my way home from school. The owner was the grandmother of my friend, ___1___told me that they were giving the dog away, and I could have her____2____I wanted her. Well, needless to say, I wanted her! When I brought her home with delight, I ___3___(tell) we could not have that dog in the house. My father told me we could take care of her___4___we found another home for her. My father did all he could to avoid ____5____(stay) with the dog, giving her no attention. Occasionally, he urged me to find the new owner ___6___the dog. One day, when my mother and I came home from the grocery store, my mom stopped me at the front window. My dad was on the floor, ____7____(play) with that precious little sheepdog. ___8___(instant) he heard us at the door, he quickly jumped up, ___9___went about his business, but I will never forget ___10___I saw that day! When that dog died, my father even cried! The sheepdog has brought wonderful memories to me and my family. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ Passage 2 Last week,our yearly school sports meeting ___1___(hold) and the students of our class took ___2___active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony___3___(perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the ___4___（athlete）while others remained___5___(seat),watching them from a distance.I was ___6___(excite) because I would compete ___7___ the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, ___8___ (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a ___9___ (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, ___10___made us disappointed. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ Passage 3 For the first time in 94 years, the Palace Museum has extended its opening hours, allowing the public to celebrate the Lantern Festival at night in the ancient palace. About 3,000 lucky visitors received free tickets from the government, among __1__ was Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-old public security volunteer. It’s a mark of gratitude for her volunteer work. “It is  __2__ (true) an honor to be granted this special privilege,” Zhang said. To guarantee the __3__ (safe) of the palace, festival organizers __4__ (plan) this year’s Lantern Festival event used LED lights rather than traditional paper lanterns and red candles. It’s a fascinating event for visitors to absorb __5__ (they) in the festive atmosphere in the museum. Discussion of the  Palace Museum’s new look lit up social media following Tuesday’s display. Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang __6__ (bring) many changes to the world’s __7__ (large) royal complex (建筑群). Once in a speech the 64-year-old director shared his idea about how to make traditional __8__ (treasure) come alive again. “ __9__ matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are __10__ people’s daily lives,” he said. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 6 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 弯道超车 专题01谓语被动 VS 非谓语被动 提升精练100题（人教版） 班级 姓名 学号 分数 内容提要 单句语法填空题 完成句子填空题 语篇语法填空题 （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 必修二 Unit3 现在完成时的被动语态 必修二 Unit4 过去分词的功能 两者核心共性为都表达被动、完成含义，最大区别在于词性属性。现在完成时被动语态是时态完整的谓语结构，主导句子主干，可独立成句；过去分词属于非谓语结构，无时态、无谓语功能，仅用于修饰句子，必须依托主句存在。这是高中语法区分谓语被动与非谓语被动的核心考点，也是解题、写作的关键辨析点。 对比维度 现在完成时的被动语态 过去分词（表被动） 对应例句 词性本质 谓语动词，句子核心主干 非谓语动词，仅作修饰成分 被动：The bridge has been repaired.（作谓语） 分词：Repaired recently, the bridge is safe.（仅修饰） 时态属性 有现在完成时态，动作影响至今 无专属时态，只表被动完成状态 被动：Many trees have been planted here.（至今绿植仍在） 分词：Planted years ago, the trees grow well.（只表已栽种） 句法功能 唯一/核心谓语，不可省略 作定语、状语，不充当谓语 被动：His homework has been finished.（句子主干） 分词：Finished homework, he went out.（作状语修饰主句） 句式要求 可独立成完整句子 需依附主句，句中自带谓语 被动：The book has been translated.（完整单句） 分词：Translated into English, the book sells well.（依附主句） 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共50小题，每小题1分，共50分) 1．The stereotypes commonly _____________ (associate) with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. 【答案】associated 【详解】句意：人们通常联想到男性的固有印象，比如争强好胜和强势主导，相比与女性相关的刻板印象更受重视。此空考查非谓语动词，stereotypes与associate为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词associated作后置定语，符合语境。 2．___________ (accompany) by my parents, my grandmother went to see a movie for the first time yesterday. 【答案】Accompanied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天在我父母的陪同下，我奶奶第一次去看电影。句中谓语是went，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Accompanied。 3．The movie __________ (call) Ne Zha was famous for its special techniques. 【答案】called 【详解】查非谓语动词。句意：这部名为《哪吒》的电影以其特殊的技术而闻名。句中已有谓语动词was，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词movie，结合句意可知，空处动词call与名词movie之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。 4．The question must be ___________ (simple) so that we can find out a solution to it. 【答案】simplified 【详解】考查词性转换和动词的语态。句意：这个问题必须被简化，以便我们能找到解决它的办法。simple的动词形式是simplify意为“使简化”；主语The question与动词simplify之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be + 过去分词结构。故填simplified。 5．Today, it is __________ (estimate) that about 60% of domestic rice consumption is from hybrid strains. 【答案】estimated 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：今天，据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁的杂交品种生产的作物。it is estimated that...是固定句型，表示“据估计……”，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，与动词estimate“估计”为被动关系，用is estimated，构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填estimated。 6．They think she ___________ (bury) in the desert, along with a few other things. 【答案】was buried 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他们认为她和其它一些东西一起被埋在了沙漠里。本空在think后的宾语从句中作谓语，本句描述过去发生的事情，且she与bury“埋”之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was buried。 7．The boss was too hard on the __________ (hire) men! 【答案】hired 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：老板对这些被雇佣的人太苛刻了！hire与men是被动关系，即人是被雇佣的，所以用过去分词hired作定语修饰men。故填hired。 8．The report ___________ (finish) before the manager came back. 【答案】had been finished 【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：这份报告在经理回来之前就已经完成了。came back是过去动作，“报告被完成”发生在“回来”之前，用过去完成时的被动语态had been finished，故填had been finished。 9．Chinese calligraphy is one of optional courses ___________ (offer) to students who are interested in traditional art. 【答案】offered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国书法是为对传统艺术感兴趣的学生开设的选修课之一。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该用非谓语形式作定语修饰前面的名词courses，动词offer和courses之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作定语。故填offered。 10．At the foot of the hill, an ancient temple was ______(surround) by tall trees. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在山脚下，一座古老的寺庙被高大的树木环绕着。an ancient temple和surround为被动关系，需用被动语态，已有be动词was，空处需填过去分词。故填surrounded。 11．Elias is very tall and can be easily____________ (spot) in the crowd. 【答案】spotted 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：Elias个子很高，在人群中很容易被发现。分析句子结构可知，本句主语Elias是动作的承受者，所以空处谓语动词需用情态动词的被动语态：can be done，此处需要填过去分词，故填spotted。 12．As reported, a world’s great novel ___________ (make) into films now, which its fans are looking forward to. 【答案】is being made 【详解】考查动词的时态与语态。句意：据报道，一部世界上最伟大的小说正在被拍成电影，这是它的粉丝们所期待的。及物动词make与主语novel为被动关系，根据从句句意“粉丝们正翘首以待”，可推断make为现在进行时，所以此处填写现在进行时的被动语态，主语为novel，谓语用单数。故填is being made。 13．She learned yesterday that she had landed a main part in a new school drama ___________(call)Waterloo Road. 【答案】called 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她昨天得知她在一个叫滑铁卢路的学校新戏剧中得到了一个重要角色。所给动词call在句中作后置定语修饰名词drama，并与所修饰名词为被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填called。 14．Since the new policy took effect, large quantities of oil ___________ (save) by energy-efficient measures. 【答案】have been saved 【详解】句意：自从新政策生效以来，通过节能措施已经节省了大量石油。分析句子可知，主语large quantities of oil与动词save为被动关系，需用被动语态；结合Since引导的时间状语从句，主句应用现在完成时；“large quantities of + 名词”作主语时，助动词应用have，所以空处应填have been saved。 15．The Yangtze River, __________ (know) in China as the Chang Jiang, is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. 【答案】known 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长江在中国被称为长江，是亚洲最长的河流，也是世界上完全流经一个国家的最长河流。句中已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰The Yangtze River，The Yangtze River和know为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填known。 16．They turned a blind eye to the new policies __________ (adopt) by the enemy. 【答案】adopted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们对敌人采纳的新政策视而不见。句中谓语是turned，空格处用非谓语动词，adopt与policies之间为被动关系，所以可，空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填adopted。 17．The students ___________(seat) at the back of the classroom are playing computer games. 【答案】seated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在教室后面的学生正在玩电脑游戏。句中已有谓语动词are playing，空处应用非谓语动词，动词seat“使……就座”和主语students之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填seated。 18．The database ___________(use) as a teaching resource in colleges must be reliable. 【答案】used 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为高校教学资源的数据库必须是可靠的。句中已有谓语动词must be且无连词，故空处用非谓语动词，use和逻辑主语database之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填used。 19．—Will the lecture be held at 4 o’clock this afternoon? —No. It ______________ (put) off till tomorrow afternoon. 【答案】has been put 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：—讲座定于今天下午4点举行吗？—不。它已经被推迟到明天下午。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的谓语部分，主语It和动词put之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据句意可知，应使用现在完成时，此处应使用现在完成时的被动语态形式，主语It是第三人称单数形式，助动词have应使用has。故填has been put。 20．Every year, 10,000 persons were killed by the accidents ________ (cause) by drunk driving. 【答案】caused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每年有1万人死于酒后驾驶导致的事故。本句谓语为were killed，此处应用非谓语动词，且the accidents与cause“导致，引起”为被动关系，用过去分词，作the accidents的后置定语。故填caused。 21．The class ___________ (compose) of fifty students is good. 【答案】composed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：五十个学生组成的班级很好。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“is”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“The class”和“compose”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填composed。 22．The student, ____________ (absorb) in doing his chemistry experiment, worked throughout the night. 【答案】absorbed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个学生全神贯注地做化学实验，工作了一整晚。已有谓语动词 worked，此处要用非谓语动词；根据be absorbed in 为固定短语，意为 “全神贯注于”可知，absorb与逻辑主语The student之间为被动关系，所以此处省用过去分词形式 作后置定语，修饰The student。故填absorbed。 23．I made a leisurely round of the town, ___________ (attract) by the construction going on everywhere. 【答案】attracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我被到处正在进行的建设所吸引，悠闲地在镇上转了一圈。空处作状语，I和attract构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词。故填attracted。 24．In recent years two chess clubs ___________ (run) to make a profit in my neighbourhood. 【答案】have been run 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：近年来，在我所在的社区有两家棋类俱乐部开始以盈利为目的运营。in recent years 多与现在完成时态连用，而chess clubs与run之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故须用被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been run。 25．To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like to look at a study ___________（conduct）in Australia. 【答案】conducted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：回到水污染问题上来，我想看看在澳大利亚进行的一项研究。名词study与conduct之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。根据句意，故填conducted。 26．_______________ (affect) by his story, many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled. 【答案】Affected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受他的故事影响，许多年轻人开始为残疾人做志愿者工作。affect和逻辑主语many young people之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Affected。 27．So far, more than 100,000 yuan ___________ (raise) to help those in need. 【答案】has been raised 【详解】句意：到目前为止，已经筹集了十多万元来帮扶困难人群。So far“到目前为止”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，主语“100,000 yuan”和动词raise“筹集”是被动关系，现在完成时的被动结构是“has/have been +过去分词”，“100,000 yuan”是金钱作主语，视为单数，助动词用has。 28．Our earth is called a water planet for nearly 70% of its surface_________(cover) with water. 【答案】covered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的地球被称为水行星，因为它的表面近70%被水覆盖。be covered with被……覆盖，修饰名词surface，所以用过去分词形式作定语。故填covered。 29．Almost 100computers ___________ (give) to us by a local computer company since the end of last year. 【答案】have been given 【详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：自去年年底以来，一家本地电脑公司已经捐赠给我们近100台电脑。主语Almost 100 computers是动作的接受者，需用被动语态；“since the end of last year”表明动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语是复数，故填have been given。 30．The dictionary is out of date: many words___________(add) to the language since it was published. 【答案】have been added 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这本词典过时了，自从它出版以来，该语言中已经加入了许多词。此处缺乏谓语，根据后文“since it was published”可知应用现在完成时，且主语many words与谓语动词add之间是动宾关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为many words，是复数，助动词用have。故填have been added。 31．___________(compare) with other athletes, he is much more graceful. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他运动员相比，他要优雅得多。compare为及物动词，在句中作状语，与逻辑主语he 为被动关系，compared with 意为“与……相比”，该空应用过去分词形式，句首字母大写。故填Compared。 32．Be careful! There is a truck _____________ (load) with supplies running downhill. 【答案】loaded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：小心！有一辆满载物资的卡车正在下坡行驶。load不是谓语动词，它和truck之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语，load...with...意为“用……装载……”，故填loaded。 33．In the information age, ___________(print) books can’t meet people’s various reading needs. 【答案】printed　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在信息时代，印刷书籍不能满足人们的各种各样的阅读需要。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。空后的books与print之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作前置定语。故填printed。 34．These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first ___________ (publish) in 1911. 【答案】published 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些话出自1911年首次出版的《秘密花园》一书的作者。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“come from”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“publish”意为“出版”，动词词性，“The Secret Garden”与“publish”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“publish”的过去分词“published”作后置定语。故填published。 35．We should pay attention to the physical and mental health problems _______________(cause) by a lack of sleep． 【答案】caused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们要关注因缺乏睡眠导致的身体和精神健康问题。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语problems和cause之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填caused。 36．Click on this file and you will find whether the document and all the images ___________ (process). 【答案】have been processed 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：点击此文件，您就能查看文档及所有图片是否已处理完毕。主语all the images与谓语构成被动关系，且表示过去的动作对现在的影响用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been processed。 37．Even if ___________(invite) to his party, I won't attend it. 【答案】invited 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使被邀请去参加他的派对，我也不会去。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词与even if构成让步状语，逻辑主语I和invite之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填invited。 【点睛】 38．People complain about why so much money ___________ (spend) on computer games. 【答案】has been spent 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：人们抱怨为什么花那么多钱在电脑游戏上。money与spend是被动关系，根据语境可知此处强调对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been spent。 39．______ (equip) with the latest technology, the factory can produce high-quality products efficiently. 【答案】Equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：配备了最新的技术，这家工厂能够高效地生产高质量的产品。句中已有谓语can produce，空处应用非谓语动词作状语，动词equip与其逻辑主语the factory之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。 40．“YOLO”, ______________ (star) by Jia Ling, stole the spotlight during this year’s Spring Festival season, securing the top spot in the box office well ahead of time. 【答案】starred 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：贾玲主演的《热辣滚烫》在今年春节档抢镜，提前稳坐票房冠军宝座。本句谓语为stole，此处为非谓语动词，且YOLO与starr“主演”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填starred。   41．The library __________(build) three years ago belongs to our school. 【答案】built 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：三年前建的这个图书馆属于我们学校。句中谓语动词是belongs，所以空处用非谓语，主语The library和动词build是被动关系，指图书馆被建，应该用过去分词作定语。故填built。 42．Many people _________________ (help) by the club. 【答案】have been helped 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：许多人得到了这个俱乐部的帮助。根据句意可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，可用现在完成时，主语Many people与help之间为被动关系，Many people为复数，应用现在完成时的被动语态have been helped。故填have been helped。 43．Large quantities of food __________(send) to the countries struck by the earthquake so far. 【答案】have been sent 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经向地震灾区运送了大量食品。时间状语so far常和现在完成时连用；动词send和句子主语large quantities of food之间为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，“large quantities of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。故填have been sent。 44．_____ (locate) just several hundred metres away from the station,the hotel is very popular. 【答案】Located 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：那个酒店距离火车站只有几百米，非常受欢迎。分析句子可知，设空处作状语，locate和the hotel之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填Located。 45．Great progress has been ________________(make) in advancing the cause of disabled people in the past ten years.   【答案】made 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：十年来，残疾人事业取得了巨大进步。根据时间状语in the past ten years.可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语progress和谓语动词make为被动关系，需用被动语态，设空处需填过去分词形式与has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填made。 46．The 8.8 quake in central Chile caused widespread damage, destroying lots of buildings and hundreds of thousands Of people_____________（affect）. 【答案】affected 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：智利中部的8.8级地震造成了大面积的破坏，摧毁了建筑物，成千上万的人受到影响”可知此处用过去分词affected,与people之间构成动宾关系,故填affected。 47．_____________ (equip) with essential knowledge and skills, I’m sure I will adapt to the new work environment quickly. 【答案】Equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：具备了必要的知识和技能，我相信我会很快适应新的工作环境。此处应填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语I和equip之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。 48．The police are examining the evidence ___________ (collect) during the investigation. 【答案】collected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：警方正在检查调查过程中收集到的证据。collect与evidence是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填collected。 49．They’re showing the___________(edit)highlights of last month’s game. 【答案】edited 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们正在展示上个月比赛的精彩剪辑。分析句子，句中highlight与edit之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语，表示被动关系和完成。故填edited。 50．The study finds that about 40 percent of the food___________（produce） in the United States is wasted. 【答案】produced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究发现，在美国生产的大约40%的食物都被浪费了。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中有谓语is wasted，此处使用非谓语，food与produce之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填produced。 二、完成句子：根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1. 受到极大的鼓励，这名学生决定继续坚持自己的科研项目。 ________ ________, the student decided to stick to his research project. 【答案】Greatly encouraged 【解析】本句主句已有完整的谓语动词decided，句子主干结构完整，因此空格处不能再充当谓语成分。此处使用过去分词短语在句中作伴随状语，用于补充说明主语产生主句动作时的状态。句子主语the student与动词encourage之间为逻辑上的被动关系，主语是动作的承受者，因此需用过去分词形式体现被动含义，副词Greatly用于修饰分词，强化语义。 2. 这座古城已经被保护了数百年，因此它风貌依旧。 The ancient city ________ ________ ________ for hundreds of years, so it remains in good condition. 【答案】has been protected 【解析】本句缺少核心谓语动词，需填入谓语结构。时间状语for hundreds of years是现在完成时的典型标志，该时态侧重强调动作从过去开始持续至今，且对当下留存深远影响。句子主语the ancient city与谓语动词protect之间为被动关系，古城是被人们保护的对象，因此本题需使用现在完成时的被动语态has been protected。 3. 深受当地居民喜爱与追捧，这家拥有百年历史的老字号店铺凭借独特的传统工艺远近闻名。 ________ ________ by local residents, the old shop with a century-old history is famous far and wide for its unique traditional crafts. 【答案】Well loved 【解析】本句主干含有完整谓语结构is famous，句子主谓成分齐全，空格处无法充当谓语，需使用非谓语动词形式。此处过去分词短语在句中作原因状语，用于解释说明店铺闻名的原因。句子主语the old shop与动词love之间为逻辑被动关系，店铺是被居民喜爱的对象，因此采用过去分词形式，副词Well用于修饰分词，优化语句表达。 4. 截止到目前，本次校园文创大赛的所有参赛作品已经被全部提交至组委会，等待统一评审。 All the works for the school creative competition ________ ________ ________ so far, waiting for unified evaluation. 【答案】have been submitted 【解析】本句无主干谓语动词，需要填入谓语结构完成句子成分。时间状语so far意为“迄今为止”，是现在完成时的标志性词汇，该时态侧重强调动作完成后对当下产生的实际影响。句子主语all the works与动词submit之间为被动关系，作品是被参赛者提交的对象，且主语为复数形式，因此需使用现在完成时的被动语态have been submitted。 5. 对本次竞赛的最终结果感到十分失望，他沉默不语，独自一人早早离开了比赛现场。 ________ ________ at the final result of the competition, he left the scene early alone without a word. 【答案】Greatly disappointed 【解析】本句主句已存在完整谓语动词left，句式结构完整，空格处需使用非谓语动词作状语。此处过去分词短语在句中作伴随状语，用于描述主语离开现场时的心理状态。句子主语he与动词disappoint之间为逻辑被动关系，主语是被结果影响、感到失望的对象，因此使用过去分词形式，副词Greatly用于修饰分词，增强语义程度。 6. 建成于二十世纪初期的繁华江岸，这座古朴坚固的大桥静静矗立，见证了整座城市的飞速变迁与发展。 ________ ________ in the early 20th century along the busy river bank, the bridge has witnessed the rapid changes and development of the city. 【答案】First built 【解析】本句主干谓语动词为has witnessed，句子主干成分完整，空格处需采用非谓语动词形式。此处过去分词短语在句中作状语，用于补充交代大桥的修建背景与时间。句子主语the bridge与动词build之间为逻辑被动关系，桥梁是被修建的建筑，因此需使用过去分词形式，搭配副词构成完整短语，贴合语境语义。 7. 近几年，众多濒临失传的民间传统手工艺已经被好好传承和保护，重新焕发出生机与活力。 Many endangered traditional folk crafts ________ ________ ________ and protected in recent years, regaining vitality and energy. 【答案】have been handed 【解析】本句缺少主干谓语动词，需填入谓语结构。时间状语in recent years是现在完成时的核心标志，侧重体现过去发生的动作持续到现在，并带来积极的现实意义。句子主语traditional folk crafts与动词短语hand down之间为被动关系，传统手工艺是被人们传承的对象，且主语为复数，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态have been handed。 8. 全身心专注于自己的科研研究，这位严谨认真的科学家平日里几乎没有休息的时间。 ________ ________ on his scientific research, the strict scientist hardly takes a rest in daily life. 【答案】Totally focused 【解析】本句主句包含完整谓语动词takes，句式结构完整，空格处需使用非谓语动词作伴随状语。固定搭配be focused on表示“专注于”，句子主语the scientist与focus之间为被动逻辑，体现主语处于专注的状态。此处省略系动词，直接使用过去分词短语作状语，副词Totally用于强化状态程度，贴合语境。 9. 校园内所有潜藏的安全隐患已经被全面排查完毕，混乱的校园秩序也随之恢复正常。 All potential safety hazards on campus ________ ________ ________, and the campus returned to normal. 【答案】have been checked 【解析】本句缺少主干谓语动词，需要填入谓语结构支撑句子。本句侧重强调排查隐患的动作已彻底完成，且该动作直接改善了校园秩序，对当下产生积极影响，符合现在完成时的用法特征。句子主语safety hazards与动词check之间为被动关系，安全隐患是被工作人员排查的对象，主语为复数，因此采用现在完成时的被动语态have been checked。 10. 配备有各类先进精密的实验设备，这间标准化实验室能够顺利开展各类高端科学实验。 ________ ________ with advanced and precise equipment, the standard lab can carry out all kinds of scientific experiments. 【答案】Well equipped 【解析】本句主干谓语动词为can carry out，句子主谓结构完整，空格处需使用非谓语动词作条件状语。固定搭配be equipped with表示“配备有……”，句子主语the lab与equip之间为逻辑被动关系，实验室是被配备设备的主体。此处省略系动词，用过去分词短语作状语，副词Well修饰分词。 11. 截止到目前，本次大型公益活动产生的所有费用已经被全部结清，账目公开透明可查。 All the costs of this large-scale public welfare activity ________ ________ ________ up to now. 【答案】have been settled 【解析】本句无主干谓语动词，需填入谓语结构。时间状语up to now意为“迄今为止”，是现在完成时的标志性短语，强调动作从过去持续至现在，且当前账目处于结清的状态。句子主语all the costs与动词settle之间为被动关系，费用是被结算的对象，主语为复数，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态have been settled。 12. 与繁华拥挤的大城市相比，安静宜居的小城生活节奏更慢，也更加安逸舒适。 ________ ________ with busy big cities, life in quiet small towns is more peaceful and comfortable. 【答案】Simply compared 【解析】本句主干谓语动词为is，句子结构完整，空格处需使用非谓语动词作比较状语。固定搭配compare with表示“与……相比”，句子主语life与动词compare之间为逻辑被动关系，生活是被人们对比的对象。此处用过去分词短语构成固定对比结构，是高中英语高频非谓语用法，句式严谨、适配书面表达。 13. 在这片生态优良的自然保护区内，大量珍稀的野生植物已经被科研人员发现并记录在册。 A large number of rare wild plants ________ ________ ________ in this well-preserved nature reserve. 【答案】have been discovered 【解析】本句缺少主干谓语动词，需填入谓语结构。本句侧重强调野生植物被发现的动作已完成，且这一发现丰富了保护区的科研数据，对当下科研工作具有重要意义，契合现在完成时的使用场景。句子主语wild plants与动词discover为被动关系，植物是被科研人员发现的对象，主语为复数，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态have been discovered。 14. 被突如其来的暴雨困住，来不及返程的游客们只能躲在山间亭子里耐心等待雨停。 ________ ________ in the sudden heavy rain, the tourists who failed to return had to wait patiently in the pavilion. 【答案】Badly trapped 【解析】本句主句谓语动词为had to wait，句子主干成分完整，空格处需使用非谓语动词作原因状语，用于解释游客滞留等待的原因。句子主语the tourists与动词trap之间为逻辑被动关系，游客是被暴雨困住的对象，因此使用过去分词形式，副词Badly用于修饰分词，强化语境状态。 15. 经过一学期的系统训练，学生们的综合素养与各项能力已经被显著提升，进步十分明显。 Students’ comprehensive abilities ________ ________ ________ greatly after a semester’s systematic training. 【答案】have been improved 【解析】本句缺少主干谓语动词，需填入谓语结构。本句依托语境体现动作完成性，经过长期训练，学生能力提升的动作已落地，且持续留存当下的进步成果，符合现在完成时的语义特征。句子主语comprehensive abilities与动词improve为被动关系，能力是被训练提升的对象，主语为复数，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态have been improved。 16.以真实事件与生活故事为创作基础，这部温情满满的电影打动了无数观众与网友。 ________ ________ on real-life events and stories, the movie has touched thousands of audiences. 【答案】Truly based 【解析】本句主干谓语动词为has touched，句子结构完整，空格处需使用非谓语动词作原因状语，用于说明影片打动观众的创作根基。固定搭配be based on表示“以……为基础”，句子主语the movie与base之间为逻辑被动关系，影片是依托真实故事创作而成，因此使用过去分词短语，副词Truly用于修饰分词。 17. 在过去的短短几年时间里，这座城市的生态环境与人居环境已经被极大改善，面貌焕然一新。 The local ecological environment ________ ________ ________ greatly in the past few years. 【答案】has been improved 【解析】本句缺少主干谓语动词，需填入谓语结构。时间状语in the past few years是现在完成时的高频标志性短语，特指从过去数年延续至当下的变化。句子主语ecological environment与动词improve为被动关系，生态环境是被人为改善的对象，且主语为不可数名词，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态has been improved。 18. 十分熟知中外历史与人文知识，这位学识渊博的老师总能给出独到深刻的见解。 ________ ________ with Chinese and foreign history, the knowledgeable teacher always offers profound opinions. 【答案】Well familiar 【解析】本句主干谓语动词为offers，句子主谓结构完整，空格处需使用非谓语短语作伴随状语，用于修饰主语的学识状态。固定搭配be familiar with表示“熟知、通晓”，常用于描述人物具备的长期稳定特质。 19. 本次校园竞赛的所有参赛规则与评分标准已经被统一张贴在公告栏上，方便全体同学查阅了解。 All competition rules of the contest ________ ________ ________ on the noticeboard for students to check. 【答案】have been posted 【解析】本句缺少主干谓语动词，需填谓语结构。本句强调张贴规则的动作已全部完成，且规则持续展示在公告栏上，可供学生随时查看，体现过去动作对当下的持续影响，适用现在完成时。句子主语competition rules与动词post为被动关系，规则是被工作人员张贴的对象，主语为复数，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态have been posted。 20. 面对突如其来的难题感到十分困惑，在场的所有人一时间都不知道该如何妥善处理。 ________ ________ by the sudden problem, none of the people present knew how to deal with it properly. 【答案】Greatly puzzled 【解析】本句主句谓语动词为knew，句子主干结构完整，空格处需使用非谓语动词作伴随状语，用于描述现场众人面对难题时的心理状态。句子主语people与动词puzzle之间为逻辑被动关系，人群是被难题困扰、产生困惑情绪的对象，因此使用过去分词形式，副词Greatly用于修饰分词，强化语义程度。 三、语法填空：(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) Passage 1 When I was a kid, one day I found a little sheepdog on my way home from school. The owner was the grandmother of my friend, ___1___told me that they were giving the dog away, and I could have her____2____I wanted her. Well, needless to say, I wanted her! When I brought her home with delight, I ___3___(tell) we could not have that dog in the house. My father told me we could take care of her___4___we found another home for her. My father did all he could to avoid ____5____(stay) with the dog, giving her no attention. Occasionally, he urged me to find the new owner ___6___the dog. One day, when my mother and I came home from the grocery store, my mom stopped me at the front window. My dad was on the floor, ____7____(play) with that precious little sheepdog. ___8___(instant) he heard us at the door, he quickly jumped up, ___9___went about his business, but I will never forget ___10___I saw that day! When that dog died, my father even cried! The sheepdog has brought wonderful memories to me and my family. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 【答案】 1．who 2．if 3．was told 4．until/before 5．staying 6．for 7．playing 8．Instantly 9．and 10．what 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者收留的一只牧羊犬和家人相处的故事。 1．考查定语从句连接词。句意：狗的主人是我朋友的祖母，她告诉我他们要把狗送人，如果我想要的话，我可以得到她。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词grandmother，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，因此用who。 2．考查状语从句连接词。句意：如果我想要的话，我可以得到她。句中的"I wanted her"是作者收留小狗的条件，if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 3．考查动词时态语态。句意：当我高兴地把她带回家时，有人告诉我不能让那只狗呆在家里。文中叙述的是过去发生的事，作者又是被家人告知，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was told。 4．考查连接词。句意：我父亲告诉我，我们可以照顾她，直到我们为她找到另一个家。根据句意表示“直到……”，故填until。或填before，表示“我父亲告诉我，我们可以在为她找到另一个家之前照顾她。”。 5．考查动词的固定结构。句意：我父亲尽其所能避免和狗呆在一起，对她不理不睬。短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，后接动名词作宾语。故填staying。 6．考查介词。句意：偶尔，他催我给狗找个新主人。根据句意可知表示“为了……”，故填for。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我爸爸在地板上，和那只宝贝小牧羊犬玩耍。本句中play用非谓语形式，与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填playing。 8．考查连接词。句意：他一听到我们在门口，马上跳了起来，继续干他的事，但是我永远也不会忘记那天我所看到的一切！依据句子结构可知，此处缺少连接词，依据句意“父亲一听到我们的声音，他立刻就……”可知，应用Instantly作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”。故填Instantly。 9．考查连词。依据该空前后的两个动作jumped up和went about his business可知，这是两个连续的动作，因此用and连接。故填and。 10．考查连接词。句意：但是我永远也不会忘记那天我所看到的一切！空处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指“我所看到的事情”，故用what。 【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点： (1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等) (2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why) (3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句) 如第一小题，分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词grandmother，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，因此用who。 Passage 2 Last week,our yearly school sports meeting ___1___(hold) and the students of our class took ___2___active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony___3___(perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the ___4___（athlete）while others remained___5___(seat),watching them from a distance.I was ___6___(excite) because I would compete ___7___ the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, ___8___ (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a ___9___ (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, ___10___made us disappointed. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 【答案】 1．was held 2．an 3．performed 4．athletes 5．seated 6．excited 7．in 8．missing 9．better 10．which 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了上周作者所在学校举办了每年都举办的运动会，尽管作者在比赛过程中摔倒了，但作者仍然期待着第二天的良好表现。但天不作美，由于天气原因，运动会被推迟，使同学们很失望。 1．考查一般过去时。由“Last week”可知，本句为一般过去时,our yearly school sports meeting 为主语，与谓语hold为被动，所以应填was held。故填 was held。 2．考查冠词。表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“a／an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。part为抽象名词被active修饰，且active首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 3．考查过去分词。分析句子可知，ceremony与perform在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填performed 。 4．考查名词复数。athlete为可数名词。本句指多个运动员，所以用复数athletes 。故填athletes 。 5．考查形容词。be seated“就坐”为固定短语，remain为系动词后接seated作表语。故填seated。 6．考查形容词。以后缀 –ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。本句的主语为I, 所以表语应为excited。故填excited。 7．考查介词。in the 100-meter dash “在百米冲刺”in“在......里”符合句意。故填in。 8．考查现在分词。分析句子可知，I 与miss 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填missing。 9．考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知，因为作者在运动会当天摔倒了，所以作者期望明天的表现比今天的好。所以用形容词的比较级。故填better。 10．考查关系代词。分析句子可知，which为非限制性定语从句的先行词，指代前面的整个句子，作定语从句的主语。故填which。 【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点： (1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。 (2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。 (3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 分析小题10的句子可知，which为非限制性定语从句的先行词，指代前面的整个句子，作定语从句的主语。故填which。 Passage 3 For the first time in 94 years, the Palace Museum has extended its opening hours, allowing the public to celebrate the Lantern Festival at night in the ancient palace. About 3,000 lucky visitors received free tickets from the government, among __1__ was Zhang Zhifu, a 77-year-old public security volunteer. It’s a mark of gratitude for her volunteer work. “It is  __2__ (true) an honor to be granted this special privilege,” Zhang said. To guarantee the __3__ (safe) of the palace, festival organizers __4__ (plan) this year’s Lantern Festival event used LED lights rather than traditional paper lanterns and red candles. It’s a fascinating event for visitors to absorb __5__ (they) in the festive atmosphere in the museum. Discussion of the  Palace Museum’s new look lit up social media following Tuesday’s display. Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang __6__ (bring) many changes to the world’s __7__ (large) royal complex (建筑群). Once in a speech the 64-year-old director shared his idea about how to make traditional __8__ (treasure) come alive again. “ __9__ matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are __10__ people’s daily lives,” he said. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 【答案】 1．whom 2．truly 3．safety 4．planning 5．themselves 6．has brought 7．largest 8．treasures 9．What 10．to 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了故宫博物院94年来首次延长开放时间，允许公众在晚上在这座古老的宫殿里庆祝元宵节，并且吸引了很多游客。 1．考查定语从句连接词。句意：大约3000名幸运的游客获得了政府的免费门票，其中包括77岁的公安志愿者张志福。whom引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，且在定语从句中作介词among的宾语，指人，故填whom。 2．考查副词。句意：张说:“能被授予这样的特权真的是我的荣幸。”副词修饰整句话，故填truly。。 3．考查名词。句意：为了保证故宫的安全，今年元宵节活动的组织者使用LED灯而不是传统的纸灯笼和红蜡烛。根据the可知填写名词，博物馆的安全，故填safety。 4．考查非谓语动词。organizers与plan是主动关系，故填现在分词做后置定语，故填planning。 5．考查反身代词。句意：这是一个吸引人的事件，让游客沉浸在博物馆的节日气氛中。短语absorb oneself in表示“集中注意力在……上”，指代visitors，故填themselves。 6．考查动词时态。句意：自从成为故宫博物院院长以来，单霁翔给这个世界上最大的皇家建筑群带来了许多变化。根据since可知填写现在完成时，主语是单数名词，故填has brought。 7．考查形容词最高级。句意：世界上最大的皇家建筑群。根据句意可知应填形容词最高级，故填largest。 8．考查名词的数。句意：在一次演讲中，这位64岁的导演分享了他关于如何让传统宝藏重新焕发生机的想法。treasure为可数名词，此处表示数量不止一个，故填名词复数treasures。 9．考查名词性从句连接词。句意：“对博物馆来说，重要的不是有多少游客，而是他们离人们的日常生活有多近，”他说。what引导主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填What。 10．考查介词。短语be close to表示“靠近，接近”，故填介词to。 【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第九小题，为主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指物，故应填What。 9 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $