专题20 阅读理解（练习）-2027年河北省（对口升学）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦河北省对口升学英语阅读理解，通过“考点夯实-核心突破-真题溯源”三阶训练，系统覆盖细节理解、推理判断等题型，融合支架式教学理念，助力一轮复习从基础到能力的进阶。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |系列考点夯实练|4篇短文（18题）|以事实细节题为主，挖空式讲解巩固基础|从单篇信息定位到简单推理，构建阅读基础能力| |核心突破提升练|含推理/词义题|增加推理判断、词义猜测等综合题型|从词句理解到篇章逻辑分析，提升思维品质| |真题溯源过关练|1篇2025年真题填空|对接考试题型，强化实战应用|整合考点与方法，实现知识迁移与应试能力提升|

编写说明：【2027版】河北省（对口升学）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是【2027版】河北省（对口升学）《英语一轮讲练测》的第20个专题，内容为阅读理解。 【2027版】河北省（对口升学）《英语一轮讲练测》 专题20 阅读理解 专项训练 目录 01 系列考点夯实练 02 核心突破提升练 03 真题溯源过关练 阅读理解一 Our world is getting smaller and smaller. We can fly around the world in less than 50 hours. The newest planes go 600 miles an hour. You can have breakfast in Beijing and supper in Paris. But people had to take a lot longer before to go round the world. Magallan’s (麦哲伦) men were the first to make that trip. It took them more than two years. They went by ship. On September 20th, 1519, he left Spain (西班牙). He was killed on the Philippine Islands. More than two years later, on December 21st, 1521, one of the five ships with only 31 men returned to Spain. Magallan’s trip told people that the world was round and that people could go around the world. 1．It takes _________ to fly around the world now. A．more than 50 hours B．under 50 hours C．over 50 hours D．no more than 50 hours 2．Magallan made his trip by _________. A．bus B．plane C．ship D．bike 3．Magallan and his men spent _________ in their trip around the world. A．less than 50 hours B．more than 1529 years C．about two weeks D．more than two years 4．The Philippine Islands are not very far from _________. A．Spain B．Japan C．America D．China 5．How about Magallan himself? A．He returned to Spain after two years. B．He died during his trip. C．He told people that the earth was round after he came back to Spain. D．The king of Spain made him a high officer when he was back. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着科技发展，如今人们环游世界的时间大幅缩短，并介绍了麦哲伦船队首次环球航行的历史事件，以此对比过去与现在的差异。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We can fly around the world in less than 50 hours. (我们可以在不到50小时内环游世界。)”可知，现在环游世界需要不到50小时，即“under 50 hours”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They went by ship. (他们乘船出行。)”可知，麦哲伦的航行是通过船完成的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It took them more than two years. (这花了他们两年多的时间。)”可知，麦哲伦和他的船员花了两年多的时间环游世界。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据地理常识及文章语境，菲律宾群岛距离中国较近。结合选项，只有D选项符合这一地理事实。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He was killed on the Philippine Islands. (他在菲律宾群岛被杀害。)”可知，麦哲伦在航行途中去世了。故选B。 短文填空二 Our eating habits (习惯) are very important for good health and strong body. There are times when most of us like eating sweets and ice cream better than meat and rice. Sweets and ice cream are not bad for us if we eat them at the end of a meal. If we eat them before a meal, they may take away our appetite (食欲). It’s important for us to eat our meal at regular time each day. When we feel worried or excited, we may not want to eat. Many years ago in England, some judges often decided whether a man was telling the truth by giving him some dry bread. If the man could not swallow (吞咽) the bread, it meant that he wasn’t telling the truth. Though this seems strange and foolish, they thought it was a good way of finding out the truth. A man who is worrying something has difficulty in swallowing anything dry, because he loses his appetite. 6．If you have good eating habits, you will be ________. A．happier B．stronger C．healthier D．stronger and healthier 7．It is good to eat sweets and ice cream ________. A．after a meal B．before a meal C．when we are hungry D．when we want to eat 8．It is good for us to have our meal ________ every day. A．earlier B．at the same time C．at anytime D．at the different time 9．A person who feels ________ may not want to eat. A．happy B．shy C．worried D．well 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了饮食习惯对健康的重要性，以及一些相关的饮食建议和有趣的历史故事。 【详解】6．细节理解题。根据第一段“Our eating habits are very important for good health and strong body. (今天我们的饮食习惯对于好的健康和强壮的身体很重要。)”可知，良好的饮食习惯能让我们更健康、更强壮。 故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据第一段“Sweets and ice cream are not bad for us if we eat them at the end of a meal. (如果我们在饭后吃甜食和冰激凌对我们没坏处。)”可知，在饭后吃甜食和冰淇淋是比较好的。 故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s important for us to eat our meal at regular time each day. (每天在固定时间吃饭对我们来说很重要。)”可知，每天在固定时间吃饭对我们有好处。 故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“When we feel worried or excited, we may not want to eat. (当我们感到担忧或兴奋时，我们可能不想吃东西。)”可知，感到焦虑或兴奋的人可能会没有食欲。 故选C。 短文填空三 Have you ever been to flea market (跳蚤市场)? It’s street market where people sell second-hand things. These can be anything from clothes and shoes to furniture, toys and lamps (台灯). Sometimes you can also find new things there, such as handmade jewelry. We don’t know where the name “flea market” came from. But some believe that it came from France. During the 1860s in Paris, these markets were very popular. People called them “markets of fleas” because they thought second-hand things would attract fleas. There are many famous flea markets all around the world: Some have become popular tourist attractions. For example, Old Spitalfields Market in London has been open for over 350 years. People built the market’s buildings in the Victorian style. It attracts 70,000 visitors a week according to PRWeek. You need to have a good eye when you go to a flea market because some things are real while others are junk. It is also better if you know what you want to look for before you go, or you might end up with many useless things. 10．A “flea market” has such name because ________. A．it’s very small B．the goods there look dirty C．fleas can be exchanged there D．people thought the goods there would attract fleas 11．From the story, what do we know about Old Spitalfields Market in London? a. It is the biggest market in the world    b. It is a popular tourist attraction. c. It has been open for hundreds of years.    d. It attracts a lot of visitors every week. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 12．The underlined word “junk” in the last paragraph is similar to the word “________” in the passage. A．useless B．popular C．good D．second-hand 13．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the last paragraph? A．Flea markets are good for our eyes. B．Flea markets have everything you could want. C．We should be careful when choosing what to buy. D．Only useless things can be found at flea markets. 【答案】10．D 11．D 12．A 13．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了跳蚤市场的定义、名称由来、著名市场及购物建议。 【详解】10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“People called them ‘markets of fleas’ because they thought second-hand things would attract fleas. (人们称它们为“跳蚤市场”，因为他们认为二手货会吸引跳蚤。)”可知，跳蚤市场得名是因为人们认为那里的商品会吸引跳蚤。 11．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are many famous flea markets all around the world: Some have become popular tourist attractions. For example, Old Spitalfields Market in London has been open for over 350 years. People built the market’s buildings in the Victorian style. It attracts 70,000 visitors a week according to PRWeek. (世界上有许多著名的跳蚤市场，其中一些已经成为热门的旅游景点。例如，伦敦的老斯皮塔菲尔德市场已经开放了350多年。人们建造了维多利亚风格的市场建筑。据PRWeek报道，它每周吸引7万名游客。)”可知，它是热门旅游景点（b）、已开放三百多年（c）、每周吸引大量游客（d），文中未说它是世界最大市场（a）。 12．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“because some things are real while others are junk. It is also better if you know what you want to look for before you go, or you might end up with many useless things. (因为有些东西是真品，而另一些是junk。最好在去之前知道你想找什么，否则你可能会买到很多useless的东西。)”可知，junk与“useless (无用的)”意思相近，表示“垃圾、废品”。 13．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“You need to have a good eye when you go to a flea market because some things are real while others are junk. It is also better if you know what you want to look for before you go, or you might end up with many useless things. (去跳蚤市场时你需要有好眼力，因为有些东西是真品，而另一些是废品。最好在去之前知道你想找什么，否则你可能会买到很多无用的东西。)”可知，作者建议我们在跳蚤市场购物时要小心挑选，做好准备。 短文填空四 The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical objects connected to the Internet. These objects, which include everyday items like refrigerators and watches, have sensors and software that allow them to collect and exchange data. One common use of IoT is in homes. Smart thermostats (温控器) can learn a family’s schedule and adjust the temperature automatically, saving energy. Smart refrigerators can track food supplies and send alerts when items are running low. Even light bulbs can be controlled remotely through a smartphone app, allowing users to turn them on or off from anywhere. IoT also plays a role in healthcare. Wearable devices, such as fitness trackers, monitor heart rate and activity levels. This data can be shared with doctors to help them provide better care. In hospitals, IoT devices can track the location of medical equipment, reducing the time spent searching for tools. In agriculture, IoT sensors monitor soil moisture and weather conditions. Farmers can use this information to water crops only when needed, saving water and improving yields. IoT also helps track livestock (牲畜) movements, ensuring they are healthy and safe. However, IoT has risks. Since devices are connected to the Internet, they can be hacked (黑客攻击), putting personal data at risk. Additionally, the large amount of data collected by IoT devices can be difficult to manage. Despite these challenges, IoT continues to grow. It has the potential to make our lives more convenient, efficient, and sustainable. 14．What is the Internet of Things (IoT)? A．A type of smartphone app. B．A network of connected physical objects. C．A software used in hospitals. D．A tool for farmers to water crops. 15．How do smart thermostats save energy? A．By turning off lights automatically. B．By tracking food supplies. C．By adjusting temperature based on a family’s schedule. D．By alerting users when items are low. 16．What is a use of IoT in healthcare? A．Controlling light bulbs remotely. B．Monitoring livestock movements. C．Tracking medical equipment in hospitals. D．Watering crops based on soil moisture. 17．What is a risk of IoT? A．It reduces the efficiency of daily tasks. B．Connected devices can be hacked. C．It collects too little data. D．It is too expensive for most people. 18．What is the main idea of the passage? A．IoT has more risks than benefits. B．IoT connects everyday objects and improves life, but has challenges. C．IoT is only used in homes and hospitals. D．IoT will soon replace traditional technology. 【答案】14．B 15．C 16．C 17．B 18．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了物联网将日常事物联网化，提高生活便利和效率，但也存在数据安全和管理方面的挑战。 【详解】14．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical objects connected to the Internet. (物联网（IoT）是指连接到互联网的物理对象网络。)”可知，物联网是由连接到互联网的物理设备所组成的网络。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Smart thermostats (温控器) can learn a family’s schedule and adjust the temperature automatically, saving energy. (智能温控器可以学习家庭的时间表并自动调节温度，从而节省能源。)”可知，智能温控器能够根据家庭成员的作息来自动调整温度，从而节省能源。故选C。 16．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In hospitals, IoT devices can track the location of medical equipment, reducing the time spent searching for tools. (在医院，物联网设备可以跟踪医疗设备的位置，减少寻找工具所花费的时间。)”可知，物联网设备可用于追踪医疗设备的位置，从而节约查找时间。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However, IoT has risks. Since devices are connected to the Internet, they can be hacked (黑客攻击), putting personal data at risk. (然而，物联网也有风险。由于设备连接到互联网，它们可能被黑客攻击，将个人数据置于危险之中。)”可知，物联网设备连接网络后可能会被黑客攻击，导致个人数据泄露，这是物联网的风险之一。故选B。 18．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了物联网将日常事物联网化，提高生活便利和效率，但也存在数据安全和管理方面的挑战。故选B。 (2025年河北省对口升学考试短文填空) Everyone longs for success. But in real life, when you try some new ____41____ (thing), sometimes you succeed, and sometimes you fail. However, each failure ____42____ (give) you a chance to learn and helps you grow. Imagine if you never tried to ride a bike because you were afraid of falling, you’d miss the joy of biking. But when you face it ____43____ (brave), it will be different. Actually, every fall teaches you how to balance better and gets you closer to riding smoothly. So next time you are scared to try something new, do remember failure is the mother of success and that it’s OK to fail. Failing means you are learning and becoming much ____44____ (strong) than before. Don’t be afraid of failing and keep ____45____ (try)! 【答案】41. things 42. gives 43. bravely 44. stronger 45. trying 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们在尝试新事物时难免会失败，但失败能带来成长与学习，鼓励大家不要害怕失败，要勇于尝试。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：但在现实生活中，当你尝试一些新事物时，有时会成功，有时会失败。some后接可数名词复数，thing的复数形式为things。故填things。 【42题详解】 考查一般现在时与主谓一致。句意：然而，每一次失败都给你一个学习的机会，并帮助你成长。主语“each failure”是单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，give的第三人称单数形式为 gives。故填gives。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：但当你勇敢地面对它时，情况就会不同。此处修饰动词短语“face it”需要用副词，brave的副词形式为bravely。故填bravely。 【44题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：失败意味着你在学习，并且比以前变得更强。much后接形容词比较级，strong的比较级形式为stronger。故填stronger。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：不要害怕失败，继续尝试！“keep doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为 “持续做某事”，try的动名词形式为trying。故填trying。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】河北省（对口升学）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是【2027版】河北省（对口升学）《英语一轮讲练测》的第20个专题，内容为阅读理解。 【2027版】河北省（对口升学）《英语一轮讲练测》 专题20 阅读理解 专项训练 目录 01 系列考点夯实练 02 核心突破提升练 03 真题溯源过关练 阅读理解一 Our world is getting smaller and smaller. We can fly around the world in less than 50 hours. The newest planes go 600 miles an hour. You can have breakfast in Beijing and supper in Paris. But people had to take a lot longer before to go round the world. Magallan’s (麦哲伦) men were the first to make that trip. It took them more than two years. They went by ship. On September 20th, 1519, he left Spain (西班牙). He was killed on the Philippine Islands. More than two years later, on December 21st, 1521, one of the five ships with only 31 men returned to Spain. Magallan’s trip told people that the world was round and that people could go around the world. 1．It takes _________ to fly around the world now. A．more than 50 hours B．under 50 hours C．over 50 hours D．no more than 50 hours 2．Magallan made his trip by _________. A．bus B．plane C．ship D．bike 3．Magallan and his men spent _________ in their trip around the world. A．less than 50 hours B．more than 1529 years C．about two weeks D．more than two years 4．The Philippine Islands are not very far from _________. A．Spain B．Japan C．America D．China 5．How about Magallan himself? A．He returned to Spain after two years. B．He died during his trip. C．He told people that the earth was round after he came back to Spain. D．The king of Spain made him a high officer when he was back. 短文填空二 Our eating habits (习惯) are very important for good health and strong body. There are times when most of us like eating sweets and ice cream better than meat and rice. Sweets and ice cream are not bad for us if we eat them at the end of a meal. If we eat them before a meal, they may take away our appetite (食欲). It’s important for us to eat our meal at regular time each day. When we feel worried or excited, we may not want to eat. Many years ago in England, some judges often decided whether a man was telling the truth by giving him some dry bread. If the man could not swallow (吞咽) the bread, it meant that he wasn’t telling the truth. Though this seems strange and foolish, they thought it was a good way of finding out the truth. A man who is worrying something has difficulty in swallowing anything dry, because he loses his appetite. 6．If you have good eating habits, you will be ________. A．happier B．stronger C．healthier D．stronger and healthier 7．It is good to eat sweets and ice cream ________. A．after a meal B．before a meal C．when we are hungry D．when we want to eat 8．It is good for us to have our meal ________ every day. A．earlier B．at the same time C．at anytime D．at the different time 9．A person who feels ________ may not want to eat. A．happy B．shy C．worried D．well 短文填空三 Have you ever been to flea market (跳蚤市场)? It’s street market where people sell second-hand things. These can be anything from clothes and shoes to furniture, toys and lamps (台灯). Sometimes you can also find new things there, such as handmade jewelry. We don’t know where the name “flea market” came from. But some believe that it came from France. During the 1860s in Paris, these markets were very popular. People called them “markets of fleas” because they thought second-hand things would attract fleas. There are many famous flea markets all around the world: Some have become popular tourist attractions. For example, Old Spitalfields Market in London has been open for over 350 years. People built the market’s buildings in the Victorian style. It attracts 70,000 visitors a week according to PRWeek. You need to have a good eye when you go to a flea market because some things are real while others are junk. It is also better if you know what you want to look for before you go, or you might end up with many useless things. 10．A “flea market” has such name because ________. A．it’s very small B．the goods there look dirty C．fleas can be exchanged there D．people thought the goods there would attract fleas 11．From the story, what do we know about Old Spitalfields Market in London? a. It is the biggest market in the world    b. It is a popular tourist attraction. c. It has been open for hundreds of years.    d. It attracts a lot of visitors every week. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 12．The underlined word “junk” in the last paragraph is similar to the word “________” in the passage. A．useless B．popular C．good D．second-hand 13．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the last paragraph? A．Flea markets are good for our eyes. B．Flea markets have everything you could want. C．We should be careful when choosing what to buy. D．Only useless things can be found at flea markets. 短文填空四 The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical objects connected to the Internet. These objects, which include everyday items like refrigerators and watches, have sensors and software that allow them to collect and exchange data. One common use of IoT is in homes. Smart thermostats (温控器) can learn a family’s schedule and adjust the temperature automatically, saving energy. Smart refrigerators can track food supplies and send alerts when items are running low. Even light bulbs can be controlled remotely through a smartphone app, allowing users to turn them on or off from anywhere. IoT also plays a role in healthcare. Wearable devices, such as fitness trackers, monitor heart rate and activity levels. This data can be shared with doctors to help them provide better care. In hospitals, IoT devices can track the location of medical equipment, reducing the time spent searching for tools. In agriculture, IoT sensors monitor soil moisture and weather conditions. Farmers can use this information to water crops only when needed, saving water and improving yields. IoT also helps track livestock (牲畜) movements, ensuring they are healthy and safe. However, IoT has risks. Since devices are connected to the Internet, they can be hacked (黑客攻击), putting personal data at risk. Additionally, the large amount of data collected by IoT devices can be difficult to manage. Despite these challenges, IoT continues to grow. It has the potential to make our lives more convenient, efficient, and sustainable. 14．What is the Internet of Things (IoT)? A．A type of smartphone app. B．A network of connected physical objects. C．A software used in hospitals. D．A tool for farmers to water crops. 15．How do smart thermostats save energy? A．By turning off lights automatically. B．By tracking food supplies. C．By adjusting temperature based on a family’s schedule. D．By alerting users when items are low. 16．What is a use of IoT in healthcare? A．Controlling light bulbs remotely. B．Monitoring livestock movements. C．Tracking medical equipment in hospitals. D．Watering crops based on soil moisture. 17．What is a risk of IoT? A．It reduces the efficiency of daily tasks. B．Connected devices can be hacked. C．It collects too little data. D．It is too expensive for most people. 18．What is the main idea of the passage? A．IoT has more risks than benefits. B．IoT connects everyday objects and improves life, but has challenges. C．IoT is only used in homes and hospitals. D．IoT will soon replace traditional technology. (2025年河北省对口升学考试短文填空) Everyone longs for success. But in real life, when you try some new ____41____ (thing), sometimes you succeed, and sometimes you fail. However, each failure ____42____ (give) you a chance to learn and helps you grow. Imagine if you never tried to ride a bike because you were afraid of falling, you’d miss the joy of biking. But when you face it ____43____ (brave), it will be different. Actually, every fall teaches you how to balance better and gets you closer to riding smoothly. So next time you are scared to try something new, do remember failure is the mother of success and that it’s OK to fail. Failing means you are learning and becoming much ____44____ (strong) than before. Don’t be afraid of failing and keep ____45____ (try)! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $