Unit1～Unit8期末必考重点语法冲刺（专项训练）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语五年级下册

**基本信息** 以“核心用法+分层训练”构建语法突破体系，系统梳理9大期末核心语法点，通过规则提炼与情境应用提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法核心梳理|9个语法点，每点2类基础题|提炼句型结构（如“Why+一般疑问句→Because+陈述句”）、变化规则（动词三单/ing形式）、介词搭配（by/on/in）|从基础句型到进阶用法，形成“规则-辨析-应用”逻辑链| |综合练习|35题|整合多语法点，强化语境中语法运用|覆盖时态、句型、词汇等跨模块知识，构建综合语法网络| |句型转换|20题|专项训练句式变化技巧（提问/否定/单复数转换）|聚焦语法结构变形，提升语言表达灵活性| |完形填空|2篇（10题）|结合语境运用语法知识，培养语篇理解能力|从单句语法到语篇逻辑，体现“基础-综合-语用”进阶|

译林版五年级下学期英语Unit1～Unit8期末必考重点语法冲刺专项训练 第一部分：语法核心梳理与高频错题辨析 一、why 引导的特殊疑问句与 because 回答 核心用法： - 用于询问事情的原因，回答必须用 because 引出原因。 - 基础句型：Why + 一般疑问句？ → Because + 陈述句. - 可搭配 be 动词、情态动词、助动词使用：Why are you...? / Why can't...? / Why does...? - 同类疑问词：what, where, when, whose, who 随堂练习 1. 选词填空（why / because） (1) — ______ is Yang Ling not at school? — ______ she is ill. (2) — ______ does Mike put on his jacket? — ______ he feels cold. 2. 单项选择 ( ) — Why can't we eat these mushrooms? — ______ they are bad for us. A. Why B. Because C. So 二、一般现在时第三人称单数 核心用法： - 当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it、单个人名、单数名词）时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 - 动词三单变化规则： 1. 一般直接加-s：come → comes, fit → fits 2. 以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾加-es：go → goes, watch → watches 3. 辅音字母+y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加-es：try → tries, fly → flies - 特殊变化：have → has 随堂练习 1. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 (1) try → ______ (2) go → ______ (3) have → ______ (4) fit → ______ 2. 单项选择 ( ) Su Hai ______ to school by bus every day. A. come B. comes C. coming 三、交通方式表达与 how 引导的特殊疑问句 核心用法： - 询问出行方式句型：How do/does + 主语 + come/go to + 地点？ - 回答结构：主语 + come/go + by + 交通工具原形. / on foot. - 常见搭配：by bus, by metro, by taxi, by bike, by train, by ship - 注意：by 后直接加交通工具，不加冠词；on foot 是固定搭配，不用 by foot。 随堂练习 1. 填入合适的介词 (1) I go to the park ______ bike. (2) My uncle goes to work ______ foot. (3) We go to Beijing ______ train. 2. 单项选择 ( ) — ______ do you come to school? — I come to school by metro. A. Where B. How C. What 四、问路与指路句型 核心用法： - 问路常用句型： How do I get to ...? Excuse me, where is ...? - 指路常用表达： Go along this street. Turn right / left at the traffic lights. Get on / get off the metro at ... Station. You can see the bookshop on your right. - 指路多用祈使句，以动词原形开头。 随堂练习 1. 选词填空（along / at / on） (1) Go ______ Moon Street. (2) Turn left ______ the traffic lights. (3) The zoo is ______ your right. 2. 单项选择 ( ) — How do I ______ the hospital? — You can take the bus and get off at Green Stop. A. get to B. get on C. get off 五、疾病建议与 should / shouldn't 用法 核心用法： - 询问身体状况：What's wrong with ...? 后接人称代词宾格。 - 常见疾病短语：have a fever, have a headache, have a toothache, have a cold - 提建议用情态动词 should / shouldn't，后必须接动词原形。 should 表示“应该”；shouldn't = should not 表示“不应该”。 随堂练习 1. 用 should / shouldn't 填空 (1) You have a fever. You ______ have a rest at home. (2) We ______ eat too many sweets. It's bad for our teeth. (3) You ______ brush your teeth in the morning and before bedtime. 2. 单项选择 ( ) — What's wrong with ______? — She has a bad cold. A. she B. her C. hers 六、现在进行时（进阶） 核心用法： - 表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作。 - 基本结构：主语 + am / is / are + 动词-ing 形式 - 动词-ing 变化规则： 1. 直接加-ing：clean → cleaning, wash → washing 2. 去不发音的 e 加-ing：make → making, take → taking 3. 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写尾字母加-ing：run → running, swim → swimming - 句型变化： 一般疑问句：Am / Is / Are + 主语 + doing? 特殊疑问句：What + am / is / are + 主语 + doing? 随堂练习 1. 写出下列动词的-ing 形式 (1) sweep → ______ (2) make → ______ (3) run → ______ (4) cook → ______ 2. 单项选择 ( ) Look! My mother ______ the dishes in the kitchen. A. wash B. washes C. is washing 七、There be 句型与 some/any 进阶 核心用法： - 表示“某地存在某物”，be 动词遵循就近原则。 - There is + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词；There are + 可数名词复数 - some 用于肯定句；any 用于否定句和一般疑问句。 - 常见不可数名词：meat, bread, juice, milk, soup, rice 随堂练习 1. 用 is / are 填空 (1) There ______ some soup on the table. (2) There ______ five tomatoes in the fridge. (3) ______ there any bread in the kitchen? 2. 单项选择 ( ) There ______ some meat and three potatoes on the plate. A. is B. are C. have 八、月份、节日与时间介词 in / on 核心用法： - 月份、季节、年份前用介词 in：in May, in spring, in 2026 - 具体某一天、具体日期前用介词 on：on the first of June, on Mother's Day - 四大传统节日：Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival - 句型：When's ...? → It's in ... 随堂练习 1. 填入 in / on (1) The Dragon Boat Festival is ______ May or June. (2) We usually have a big dinner ______ New Year's Day. (3) I often fly kites ______ spring. 2. 单项选择 ( ) — When's the Double Ninth Festival? — It's ______ October or November. A. in B. on C. at 九、序数词与日期表达 核心用法： - 表示顺序、日期要用序数词。 - 常见变化规则： 基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。 一、二、三特殊记：one → first, two → second, three → third 八去 t，九去 e：eight → eighth, nine → ninth ve 要用 f 替：five → fifth, twelve → twelfth 整十变 y 为 ie：twenty → twentieth - 日期固定结构：on the + 序数词 + of + 月份 随堂练习 1. 写出下列基数词的序数词 (1) five → ______ (2) nine → ______ (3) twelve → ______ (4) twenty → ______ 2. 单项选择 ( ) Su Hai's birthday is on the ______ of May. A. eleven B. eleventh C. eleven's 第二部分：语法综合练习 用所给单词的适当形式填空，或根据语境填入合适的词。 1. — Why ______ (be) you so happy? — Because today is my birthday. 2. Cinderella ______ (try) on the shoe, and it fits well. 3. My father ______ (go) to work by car every day. 4. — How do you come to school? — I come to school ______ foot. 5. Excuse me, how do I get ______ the library? 6. Turn right ______ the third traffic lights. 7. What's wrong with ______ (he)? He has a headache. 8. You have a cold. You ______ (should) drink some warm water. 9. We ______ (should) run on the road. It's dangerous. 10. Listen! The birds ______ (sing) in the tree. 11. — What is your grandma doing? — She ______ (cook) rice. 12. My sister is ______ (make) the bed in her bedroom. 13. There ______ (be) some milk in the glass. 14. There ______ (be not) any tomatoes in the fridge. 15. I'd like some ______ (tomato) soup for dinner. 16. How many ______ (potato) are there in the bag? 17. The Spring Festival is ______ January or February. 18. We usually eat moon cakes ______ the Mid-Autumn Festival. 19. My birthday is ______ the eighth of April. 20. The ______ (five) month of a year is May. 21. Thursday is the ______ (five) day of a week. 22. — Whose shoe do the girls try ______? — Cinderella's. 23. My home is far ______ our school. 24. You can get ______ the bus at Park Stop. 25. The film is ______. We're too late. (结束了) 26. I can't eat ______ (something). I have a bad toothache. 27. The pests ______ (go) away, but the ladybirds do not. 28. People usually get ______ with their family at the Spring Festival. 29. We eat rice ______ (dumpling) at the Dragon Boat Festival. 30. The ______ (twelve) month of a year is December. 31. Look, the boy ______ (run) in the playground. 32. There ______ (be) a book and two pens on the desk. 33. — When's ______ (you) birthday? — It's in March. 34. My grandpa likes ______ (grow) flowers in the garden. 35. The food ______ (smell) nice. I can't wait! 第三部分：句型转换专项练习 1. I'm sad because I can't go to the party.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you sad? 2. She comes to school by bus.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she ______ to school? 3. Turn right at the traffic lights.（改为否定句） ______ ______ right at the traffic lights. 4. He has a fever.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ with him? 5. You should drink some water.（改为否定句） You ______ drink ______ water. 6. My mother is cooking dinner.（对划线部分提问） ______ is your mother ______? 7. They are sweeping the floor.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） ______ ______ sweeping the floor? ______, ______ ______. 8. There is some bread in the fridge.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） ______ ______ ______ bread in the fridge? ______, ______ ______. 9. There are three potatoes on the table.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ potatoes ______ ______ on the table? 10. The Spring Festival is in January or February.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the Spring Festival? 11. My birthday is on the eleventh of May.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ your birthday? 12. She has a good time at the party.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ a good time at the party? 13. I live on Moon Street.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you live? 14. You can get on the metro at Park Station.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ the metro at Park Station. 15. He feels cold.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ cold? 16. Bobby picks a big red mushroom.（改为否定句） Bobby ______ ______ a big red mushroom. 17. It's the first of April today.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ is it today? 18. People eat rice dumplings at the Dragon Boat Festival.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ people ______ at the Dragon Boat Festival? 19. He is doing his homework.（改为复数句） ______ ______ doing ______ homework. 20. Why is Liu Tao so happy?（改为同义句） ______ is Liu Tao so happy ______? 第四部分：完形填空专项 完形A It's Saturday morning. My family are all at home. We are doing chores. Look! My father __1__ the car in the garden. My mother __2__ breakfast in the kitchen. I'm helping her. I'm __3__ the table. Where is my sister? She is in the living room. She __4__ the floor. Tim is in his bedroom. He is sleeping. Ben the dog is sleeping too. We are all very busy, __5__ we feel happy. It's great to help our parents. ( ) 1. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaning ( ) 2. A. cook B. cooks C. is cooking ( ) 3. A. clean B. cleaning C. cleans ( ) 4. A. sweep B. sweeps C. is sweeping ( ) 5. A. and B. but C. or 完形B My favourite festival is the Mid-Autumn Festival. It is in __1__ or October. At this festival, people usually __2__ with their family. They look at the __3__ at night. They eat moon cakes and fruit. I like this festival __4__ I like eating moon cakes. My grandma makes nice moon cakes every year. We always have a big dinner too. We have __5__ good time. ( ) 1. A. September B. May C. June ( ) 2. A. get together B. have a party C. play games ( ) 3. A. sun B. moon C. star ( ) 4. A. but B. because C. so ( ) 5. A. a B. an C. the 参考答案 第一部分：语法核心梳理与高频错题辨析 一、why 引导的特殊疑问句与 because 回答 1. (1) Why; Because (2) Why; Because 2. B 二、一般现在时第三人称单数 1. (1) tries (2) goes (3) has (4) fits 2. B 三、交通方式表达与 how 引导的特殊疑问句 1. (1) by (2) on (3) by 2. B 四、问路与指路句型 1. (1) along (2) at (3) on 2. A 五、疾病建议与 should / shouldn't 用法 1. (1) should (2) shouldn't (3) should 2. B 六、现在进行时（进阶） 1. (1) sweeping (2) making (3) running (4) cooking 2. C 七、There be 句型与 some/any 进阶 1. (1) is (2) are (3) Is 2. A 八、月份、节日与时间介词 in / on 1. (1) in (2) on (3) in 2. A 九、序数词与日期表达 1. (1) fifth (2) ninth (3) twelfth (4) twentieth 2. B 第二部分：语法综合练习 1. are 2. tries 3. goes 4. on 5. to 6. at 7. him 8. should 9. shouldn't 10. are singing 11. is cooking 12. making 13. is 14. aren't 15. tomato 16. potatoes 17. in 18. at 19. on 20. fifth 21. fifth 22. on 23. from 24. on 25. over 26. anything 27. go 28. together 29. dumplings 30. twelfth 31. is running 32. is 33. your 34. growing 35. smells 第三部分：句型转换专项练习 1. Why are 2. How does; come 3. Don't turn 4. What's the matter / What is wrong 5. shouldn't; any 6. What; doing 7. Are they; No, they aren't 8. Is there any; No, there isn't 9. How many; are there 10. When is 11. When is 12. Does; have 13. Where do 14. Get on 15. Does; feel 16. doesn't pick 17. What date 18. What do; eat 19. They are; their 20. What; for 第四部分：完形填空专项 完形A：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 完形B：1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A ( 第 1 页 共 12 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $