第04讲 Unit4 More Than a Game（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新九年级英语新教材鲁教版五四学制

第04讲 Unit 4 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 熟记各类运动单词，会读会用。 2. 掌握语法主谓一致，动词和主语单复数匹配。 3. 能听懂运动会、体育报道听力，会谈论校运会、奥运会、运动员。 4. 会写小短文，说出体育带来的鼓舞。 5. 了解奥运五环与奥运拼搏、团结精神。 6. 知晓中外不同体育运动，体会体育文化。 7. 懂得体育不只是比赛，更能激励人。 学习重点 1. 运动词汇背诵与运用。 2. 主谓一致基础用法。 3. 围绕运动会、奥运开展听说练习。 4. 理解体育精神，回答核心问题：How does sport inspire us? 学习难点 1. 主谓一致特殊情况（不定代词、就近原则、with连接主语等）。 2. 写作、口语中准确使用主谓一致。 3. 结合事例用英语表达体育带给自己的激励。 1.When is the last day to sign up for the tryouts? 报名参加选拔赛的截止日期是哪天？ 【详解】sign up 报名；登记；参加选拔 ① sign up for + 活动/比赛/课程：报名参加某项活动 ② sign up to do sth：报名去做某事 I plan to sign up for the relay race tryout this Friday. 我打算这周五报名参加接力赛选拔赛。 【典例】Many students ___________ to be volunteers for the school Sports Day. A. put up B. cut up C. signed up D. gave up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生报名成为学校运动会的志愿者。put up意为张贴、搭建；cut up意为切碎；sign up意为报名（过去式signed up）；give up意为放弃。根据语境此处表达报名，句子为一般过去时，故选C。 【即练】如果你想参加铅球项目，必须在明天之前报名。  If you want to take part in shot-put, you need to ________ ________ before tomorrow. 【答案】sign up 【详解】句意：如果你想参加铅球项目，必须在明天之前报名。固定短语sign up表示报名；need to后接动词原形，因此填sign up。 2. Teng Fei: Ski jumping is at the top of my list. 滕飞：跳台滑雪是我最想看的项目。  Ella: Same here! 艾拉：我也一样！ 【详解】same here:我也是；我深有同感；我也一样. 用来附和对方，表达自己和对方有相同的想法、感受、喜好。相当于Me too. / I feel the same. A: I love watching figure skating.我喜欢看花滑。 B: Same here!我也是！ 【典例】A: I’m looking forward to the opening ceremony. B: ___________________. It must be wonderful. A. Same here. B. Me neither C. No way D. My pleasure 【答案】A 【详解】句意：A：我很期待开幕式。B：我也是。它一定很精彩。Same here. 我也是（用于肯定观点附和）；Me neither 我也不（用于否定句附和）；No way 没门；My pleasure 不客气。此处赞同对方的期待，故选A。 【即练】 A: I think relay races are the most exciting sport. B: Same here.(同义句）=__________________. 3. Li Lei was making up ground on Han Lin.李磊当时正在不断逼近韩林。 【详解】make up ground on sb/sth追赶、逼近（领先的人/队伍）；缩小差距(=catch up with sb 追上某人） 多用于赛跑、竞赛场景，指落后者不断加速，一点点追近前方对手。  The young runner sped up to make up ground on the top athlete. 这名年轻选手加速，一点点追赶上领跑的运动员。 【典例】 别放弃，你还有机会追上对手。 Don’t give up; you still have time to _________________ your competitor. 【答案】make up ground on 【详解】句意：别放弃，你还有机会追上对手。固定短语make up ground on sb. 表示追上、赶超某人；不定式to后使用动词原形，故填make up ground on。 【即练】Though he fell down at first, he managed to make up ground on the runner in front.(同义句） Though he fell down at first, he managed to _________________ the runner in front. 4.I’m always amazed by their strength and technique. 我总是惊叹于他们的力量与技巧。 【详解】1.be amazed by对……感到惊叹、十分惊讶（侧重被人/事物打动，心生赞叹） 【拓展】 amaze v. 使惊奇；amazing adj. 令人惊叹的（修饰事物）；amazed adj. 感到惊奇的（修饰人）； amazement n. 惊讶  We are amazed by the figure skaters’ perfect moves. 我们被花样滑冰选手完美的动作深深折服。 2.strength /streŋθ/ n. 力量；体力；实力 【拓展】strong adj. 强壮的；strongly adv. 强有力地；strengthen v. 增强，强化  Shot-put sports need great physical strength. 推铅球这项运动需要强大的体能。 【典例】 veryone was_________( amaze)by how fast the young runner ran. 【答案】amazed 【详解】句意：所有人都被这位年轻选手飞快的速度震惊了。修饰人everyone用-ed形容词amazed（感到惊讶的）；amazing用来修饰事物，故填amazed。 【即练】Team __________(strong) helps our class win the relay race. 5.Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice.王亚明或者亚当，两人中有一人是合适人选。  Neither is really suitable for me.这两者对我来说都不太合适。 Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. It’s about doing your best. 在奥运会上，输赢并非全部，重在拼尽全力。 【详解】either / either…or… / neither / neither…nor… / both / both…and… 完整讲解 1.either:1）adj./pron.（两者之中）任意一个 2）adv. 也（用于否定句末尾） You can take either baton. 两支接力棒你随便拿一支。 结构：either…or… 要么……要么……；或者……或者…… 连接两个主语，就近原则（谓语动词单复数看靠近它的主语） We can either watch figure skating or ski jumping. 我们可以看花滑，也可以看跳台滑雪。 2.neither ：adj./pron. 两者都不 Neither sport interests me. 两项运动我都不感兴趣。 结构：neither…nor… 既不……也不……（连接主语时，就近原则）  Neither Li Ming nor Wang Tao likes shot-put. 李明和王涛都不喜欢铅球。（靠近Wang Tao，谓语三单likes） 拓展1：both：pron./adj. 两者都，后接复数名词，谓语用复数 Both runners are talented. 两名选手都很有天赋。 结构：both…and… ……和……两者都 连接两个主语，谓语永远用复数，无就近原则 Both Ella and Teng Fei love the Winter Olympics.艾拉和滕飞都喜欢冬奥会。 拓展2： 就近原则（谓语单复数由离谓语最近的主语决定）适用结构 either…or… / neither…nor… / not only…but also… / There be 句型 Either Wang Yaming or I am going to join the relay team. 要么王亚明，要么我会加入接力队。 Neither Teng Fei nor Ella dislikes figure skating. 滕飞和艾拉都不讨厌花样滑冰。 Not only runners but also the judge knows the race rules.不光选手，裁判也清楚比赛规则。 There are three judges and one champion on the field.赛场上有三名裁判和一名冠军。 【典例1】Either you or he ___________(join) the relay team. 【答案】joins 【详解】句意：要么你，要么他加入接力队。either...or...遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语he是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用joins。 【典例2】速度和力量都不是取胜的唯一关键。_________ speed _________ strength is the only key to win. 【答案】Neither; nor 【详解】句意：速度和力量都不是取胜的唯一关键。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”，符合两者都否定的语境，连接并列主语。 【即练1】Both kung fu and boxing __________(be) popular among teens. 【即练2】Either the players or the coach_________( know) the handoff rules. 6.My family also watch / watches team sports together.我的家人也会一起观看团体赛事。 （family表家人个体用watch；表家庭整体用watches） 【详解】family 作主语 主谓一致解析 family 是集合名词，分两种含义，谓语单复数完全不同： 1. 表示整个家庭/家族整体（强调整体）→ 谓语用单数 The family supports his dream of being an athlete. 全家都支持他成为运动员的梦想。 2. 表示家里全体家庭成员（强调一个个的人）→ 谓语用复数 The family are training for the school Sports Day. 家里几个人正在为校运会训练。 拓展:同类集合名词: class 班级 / team 队伍 / group 小组: The team wins the relay.（队伍整体，单数）这支队伍赢得了接力赛。 The team are practicing handoffs.（队员们，复数）队员们正在练习接力交接。 【典例】This family _________(go)to watch the Winter Olympics every year. 【答案】goes 【详解】family此处强调整个家庭整体，视为单数，every year为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单goes。 【即练】My family all _________ (love )figure skating. 7. I watched in wonder as Usain Bolt smiled his way across the finish line, setting a new world record in the 100 metres.我惊叹地看着尤塞恩·博尔特笑着冲过终点线，创下了100米全新世界纪录。 【详解】in wonder 惊奇地；惊叹地.作方式状语，修饰动词，用来描述人带着惊讶、赞叹的情绪做某事。 All the audience looked in wonder at her perfect figure skating performance. 全场观众惊叹地注视着她完美的花样滑冰表演。 【典例】 —All the visitors looked ________ at the fantastic waterfall falling from the mountain top. A. in silence B. in person C. in trouble D. in wonder 【答案】D 【详解】句意，所有游客都惊叹地望着从山顶倾泻而下的壮丽瀑布。 in silence 安静地；沉默地;in person 亲自；当面;in trouble 处于困境中;in wonder 惊奇地，惊叹地 结合语境，游客看到壮观瀑布内心满是赞叹，选D。 【即练】我们停下脚步，惊奇地看着手艺人几分钟就剪出精致的剪纸。 We stopped and watched_________ _______ as the craftsman made delicate paper cutouts in just a few minutes. 8. They worked with pride to make sure that people from around the world had a pleasant stay. 他们满怀热忱地服务，确保来自世界各地的宾客都能拥有舒心的行程。 【详解】 pride 名词 n. ：骄傲；自豪，proud（adj. 形容词）→ proudly（adv. 副词） 搭配1. take pride in = be proud of 为……自豪 I take pride in my country. 我为我的祖国自豪。 搭配2. with pride 自豪地；骄傲地（作状语，修饰动词）= proudly（副词）  He spoke with pride.= He spoke proudly. 他自豪地说着。 【典例】_________(proud) goes before a fall . 【答案】Pride 【详解】句意：骄者必败。本句为谚语，空格在句首作主语，需用名词；proud是形容词，名词形式为pride（骄傲），句首首字母大写，故填Pride。 【即练】她骄傲地捧着奖牌。She held the medal _______ _______. 一、根据句意和汉语提示完成单词。 1.Our class won first prize in the 4×100-meter __________ (接力赛)at the school Sports Day. 2.Many nervous students lose confidence right before the sports ___________(选拔赛 ). 3.The sports ___________( 裁判员) watches every player’s moves carefully to keep the game fair. 4.The school put an _____________(广告) to look for volunteers for the sports meeting. 5.Only through hard training can you have a __________(顺利的)performance in competitions. 6.We will take part in the opening______________(仪式) of the school Sports Day tomorrow. 7.Chinese kung fu is a____________(独一无二的) sport full of traditional culture. 8.The ____________( 口号)of our relay team is “Unity makes strength”. 9.The relay race had a _____________( 戏剧性的，出乎意料的)ending that shocked all the audience. 10.The Olympic Games is a______________( 世界范围的) sports event loved by all ages. 二、 用所给单词适当形式填空。 1.The real value of a ___________(compete) is not winning but making progress little by little. 2.The young __________(run) kept calm and caught up with the leader in the last lap. 3.His ___________(amaze) speed in the relay race amazed all teachers and students. 4.Team ___________(strong) helps our class win many group sports competitions. 5.I _________(true)believe sports can bring warmth and courage to every young person. 6.I choose ___________(swim) as my daily sport because it won’t hurt my knees. 7.Neither Tom nor Jack _________(pass)the pull-up test so far. 8.This __________(drama) sports story teaches us never give up till the last second. 9.I am__________( deep) moved by the friendship between competitors on the field. 10.Either swimming or skiing __________ （be）my favourite Olympic event. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.完美交接之后，我们班选手在接力赛中取得领先。 After a perfect handoff, our class runner ________ the______in the relay race. 2.别中途放弃，你还有机会追上对手。 Don’t give up halfway; you still have time to_______ ________ ground on your competitor. 3.他既不害怕失败，也不在意他人的夸奖。 He _________ worries about failure ________ cares about others’ praise. 4.我打算下周参加学校接力队的选拔。 I plan to_______ _______ for the school relay team next week. 5. 王亚明或者亚当，两人中有一人是合适人选。 Either Wang Yaming _______ Adam _________ a possible choice. 四、阅读填空。 China hosted the Summer Olympics in 2008 and the Winter Olympics in 2022, both of which were 1.__________(success). These sporting events have offered the world a deeper understanding of China and its people. Athletes, sports fans, and even ordinary citizens from other countries 2. ________ (amaze) by China’s rapid development, not only in sports but also in various fields. Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, Chinese government 3._________(pay)consistently attention to physical education and national health. 4._________ the 2022 Winter Olympics, more than 20% of the Chinese population 5.__________(active) joined in ice and snow sports. The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger—Together” continues to supply 6.________ positive force to our society. In addition to competitive sports, mass sports have gained popularity throughout China. Nowadays, one an easily see people of all 7._________ (age) participating in various outdoor activities such as rope skipping, running, guangchangwu, 8._________ roller skating. During the winter months, many families go skiing and mountain hiking to enjoy the fresh air. China is committed to providing greater convenience for people 9.________( join) in physical activities during 10._________(they)free time. The goal is to have a public park or exercise trails near all residential communities. 五、阅读理解 Over the past few weeks, I’ve been experiencing a bad fall, largely attributed to my ADHD (多动障碍) drugs running out. This has made it challenging for me to find the motivation to tackle daily tasks, including regular exercise. However, a recent workout led to an epiphany: neglecting physical activity was actually worsening my condition. It appears that engaging in physical activity could be an effective strategy for managing my ADHD symptoms while I await a prescription refill. After a workout, my mind feels quieter, much like when I take my medication. This makes sense as ADHD drugs increase levels of a brain medical called noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素), enhancing focus, memory, and impulse control. Exercise also increases this chemical. While these insights are promising, I’m not ready to stop my medication. Research on exercise and ADHD has mixed results. A 2023 review of 106 studies showed exercise significantly improves impulse control, attention, and task-switching in young people with ADHD. However, its impact on regulating emotions and working memory is less pronounced, and the benefits are even less for adults. In another study, 10 minutes of exercise improved impulse control in 82 adults with ADHD but had no effect on other symptoms. These findings suggest that exercise has a modest effect on ADHD but highlight additional benefits beyond physical health. The evidence is particularly strong for depression and anxiety. A 2023 review of nearly 300 trials involving over 15,800 adults found physical activity as effective as talk therapy and medications in reducing symptoms. The benefit was stronger when combined with these treatments. Exercise may also alleviate symptoms of other mental health conditions, such as bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It appears protective as well. A 2018 study of over 12 million adults found that those who exercised experienced 43 percent fewer days of poor mental health than those who didn’t. The link was strongest for team sports, cycling, and aerobic and gym activities. I’m relieved to have found a strategy for managing my ADHD symptoms without medication. Even though exercising is the last thing I want to do when overwhelmed, I now realize its importance. The benefits of exercise for mental health are clear, and I’m committed to making it a priority in my life. 1. What does the underlined part “an epiphany” most likely mean in paragraph 2? A. A rush resolution or decision. B. A sense of disappointment. C. A sudden realization or insight. D. A moment of great happiness. 2. What role does exercise play according to the research findings presented in the passage? A. Exercise is a perfect replacement for ADHD medication. B. Exercise has no effect on mental health conditions other than ADHD. C. Exercise can complement medication in managing ADHD symptoms. D. Exercise benefits physical health more than obsessive-compulsive disorder. 3. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards exercise? A. Reluctant but importance-aware. B. Casual but focused. C. Inconsistent but passionate. D. Negative but disciplined. 4. What can we learn from the experience with exercise and ADHD? A. Prevention is better than cure. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. A healthy outside starts from the inside. D. The body is a temple; The mind is a palace. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 Unit 4 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 熟记各类运动单词，会读会用。 2. 掌握语法主谓一致，动词和主语单复数匹配。 3. 能听懂运动会、体育报道听力，会谈论校运会、奥运会、运动员。 4. 会写小短文，说出体育带来的鼓舞。 5. 了解奥运五环与奥运拼搏、团结精神。 6. 知晓中外不同体育运动，体会体育文化。 7. 懂得体育不只是比赛，更能激励人。 学习重点 1. 运动词汇背诵与运用。 2. 主谓一致基础用法。 3. 围绕运动会、奥运开展听说练习。 4. 理解体育精神，回答核心问题：How does sport inspire us? 学习难点 1. 主谓一致特殊情况（不定代词、就近原则、with连接主语等）。 2. 写作、口语中准确使用主谓一致。 3. 结合事例用英语表达体育带给自己的激励。 1.When is the last day to sign up for the tryouts? 报名参加选拔赛的截止日期是哪天？ 【详解】sign up 报名；登记；参加选拔 ① sign up for + 活动/比赛/课程：报名参加某项活动 ② sign up to do sth：报名去做某事 I plan to sign up for the relay race tryout this Friday. 我打算这周五报名参加接力赛选拔赛。 【典例】Many students ___________ to be volunteers for the school Sports Day. A. put up B. cut up C. signed up D. gave up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生报名成为学校运动会的志愿者。put up意为张贴、搭建；cut up意为切碎；sign up意为报名（过去式signed up）；give up意为放弃。根据语境此处表达报名，句子为一般过去时，故选C。 【即练】如果你想参加铅球项目，必须在明天之前报名。  If you want to take part in shot-put, you need to ________ ________ before tomorrow. 【答案】sign up 【详解】句意：如果你想参加铅球项目，必须在明天之前报名。固定短语sign up表示报名；need to后接动词原形，因此填sign up。 2. Teng Fei: Ski jumping is at the top of my list. 滕飞：跳台滑雪是我最想看的项目。  Ella: Same here! 艾拉：我也一样！ 【详解】same here:我也是；我深有同感；我也一样. 用来附和对方，表达自己和对方有相同的想法、感受、喜好。相当于Me too. / I feel the same. A: I love watching figure skating.我喜欢看花滑。 B: Same here!我也是！ 【典例】A: I’m looking forward to the opening ceremony. B: ___________________. It must be wonderful. A. Same here. B. Me neither C. No way D. My pleasure 【答案】A 【详解】句意：A：我很期待开幕式。B：我也是。它一定很精彩。Same here. 我也是（用于肯定观点附和）；Me neither 我也不（用于否定句附和）；No way 没门；My pleasure 不客气。此处赞同对方的期待，故选A。 【即练】 A: I think relay races are the most exciting sport. B: Same here.(同义句）=__________________. 【答案】Me too 【详解】句意：A：我认为接力赛是最刺激的运动。B：我也是。Same here 表示认同对方肯定看法，同义表达为Me too。 3. Li Lei was making up ground on Han Lin.李磊当时正在不断逼近韩林。 【详解】make up ground on sb/sth追赶、逼近（领先的人/队伍）；缩小差距(=catch up with sb 追上某人） 多用于赛跑、竞赛场景，指落后者不断加速，一点点追近前方对手。  The young runner sped up to make up ground on the top athlete. 这名年轻选手加速，一点点追赶上领跑的运动员。 【典例】 别放弃，你还有机会追上对手。 Don’t give up; you still have time to _________________ your competitor. 【答案】make up ground on 【详解】句意：别放弃，你还有机会追上对手。固定短语make up ground on sb. 表示追上、赶超某人；不定式to后使用动词原形，故填make up ground on。 【即练】Though he fell down at first, he managed to make up ground on the runner in front.(同义句） Though he fell down at first, he managed to _________________ the runner in front. 【答案】catch up with 【详解】句意：虽然他一开始摔倒了，但他成功追上了前面的选手。make up ground on与catch up with同义，均表示追上某人；manage to do sth. 后接动词原形，故填catch up with。 4.I’m always amazed by their strength and technique. 我总是惊叹于他们的力量与技巧。 【详解】1.be amazed by对……感到惊叹、十分惊讶（侧重被人/事物打动，心生赞叹） 【拓展】 amaze v. 使惊奇；amazing adj. 令人惊叹的（修饰事物）；amazed adj. 感到惊奇的（修饰人）； amazement n. 惊讶  We are amazed by the figure skaters’ perfect moves. 我们被花样滑冰选手完美的动作深深折服。 2.strength /streŋθ/ n. 力量；体力；实力 【拓展】strong adj. 强壮的；strongly adv. 强有力地；strengthen v. 增强，强化  Shot-put sports need great physical strength. 推铅球这项运动需要强大的体能。 【典例】 veryone was_________( amaze)by how fast the young runner ran. 【答案】amazed 【详解】句意：所有人都被这位年轻选手飞快的速度震惊了。修饰人everyone用-ed形容词amazed（感到惊讶的）；amazing用来修饰事物，故填amazed。 【即练】Team __________(strong) helps our class win the relay race. 【答案】strength 【详解】句意：团队力量助力我们班赢得接力赛。此处作句子主语，需要名词；strong形容词，名词形式为strength（力量），team strength团队力量，故填strength。 5.Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice.王亚明或者亚当，两人中有一人是合适人选。  Neither is really suitable for me.这两者对我来说都不太合适。 Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. It’s about doing your best. 在奥运会上，输赢并非全部，重在拼尽全力。 【详解】either / either…or… / neither / neither…nor… / both / both…and… 完整讲解 1.either:1）adj./pron.（两者之中）任意一个 2）adv. 也（用于否定句末尾） You can take either baton. 两支接力棒你随便拿一支。 结构：either…or… 要么……要么……；或者……或者…… 连接两个主语，就近原则（谓语动词单复数看靠近它的主语） We can either watch figure skating or ski jumping. 我们可以看花滑，也可以看跳台滑雪。 2.neither ：adj./pron. 两者都不 Neither sport interests me. 两项运动我都不感兴趣。 结构：neither…nor… 既不……也不……（连接主语时，就近原则）  Neither Li Ming nor Wang Tao likes shot-put. 李明和王涛都不喜欢铅球。（靠近Wang Tao，谓语三单likes） 拓展1：both：pron./adj. 两者都，后接复数名词，谓语用复数 Both runners are talented. 两名选手都很有天赋。 结构：both…and… ……和……两者都 连接两个主语，谓语永远用复数，无就近原则 Both Ella and Teng Fei love the Winter Olympics.艾拉和滕飞都喜欢冬奥会。 拓展2： 就近原则（谓语单复数由离谓语最近的主语决定）适用结构 either…or… / neither…nor… / not only…but also… / There be 句型 Either Wang Yaming or I am going to join the relay team. 要么王亚明，要么我会加入接力队。 Neither Teng Fei nor Ella dislikes figure skating. 滕飞和艾拉都不讨厌花样滑冰。 Not only runners but also the judge knows the race rules.不光选手，裁判也清楚比赛规则。 There are three judges and one champion on the field.赛场上有三名裁判和一名冠军。 【典例1】Either you or he ___________(join) the relay team. 【答案】joins 【详解】句意：要么你，要么他加入接力队。either...or...遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语he是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用joins。 【典例2】速度和力量都不是取胜的唯一关键。_________ speed _________ strength is the only key to win. 【答案】Neither; nor 【详解】句意：速度和力量都不是取胜的唯一关键。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”，符合两者都否定的语境，连接并列主语。 【即练1】Both kung fu and boxing __________(be) popular among teens. 【答案】are 【详解】句意：功夫和拳击在青少年中都很受欢迎。both...and...作主语时，谓语动词用复数，be动词用are。 【即练2】Either the players or the coach_________( know) the handoff rules. 【答案】knows 【详解】句意：要么队员们，要么教练了解交接棒规则。either...or...就近原则，靠近谓语的the coach为单数，一般现在时动词用knows。 6.My family also watch / watches team sports together.我的家人也会一起观看团体赛事。 （family表家人个体用watch；表家庭整体用watches） 【详解】family 作主语 主谓一致解析 family 是集合名词，分两种含义，谓语单复数完全不同： 1. 表示整个家庭/家族整体（强调整体）→ 谓语用单数 The family supports his dream of being an athlete. 全家都支持他成为运动员的梦想。 2. 表示家里全体家庭成员（强调一个个的人）→ 谓语用复数 The family are training for the school Sports Day. 家里几个人正在为校运会训练。 拓展:同类集合名词: class 班级 / team 队伍 / group 小组: The team wins the relay.（队伍整体，单数）这支队伍赢得了接力赛。 The team are practicing handoffs.（队员们，复数）队员们正在练习接力交接。 【典例】This family _________(go)to watch the Winter Olympics every year. 【答案】goes 【详解】family此处强调整个家庭整体，视为单数，every year为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单goes。 【即练】My family all _________ (love )figure skating. 【答案】love 【详解】family此处指代家中全体成员，表复数含义，一般现在时谓语用原形。 7. I watched in wonder as Usain Bolt smiled his way across the finish line, setting a new world record in the 100 metres.我惊叹地看着尤塞恩·博尔特笑着冲过终点线，创下了100米全新世界纪录。 【详解】in wonder 惊奇地；惊叹地.作方式状语，修饰动词，用来描述人带着惊讶、赞叹的情绪做某事。 All the audience looked in wonder at her perfect figure skating performance. 全场观众惊叹地注视着她完美的花样滑冰表演。 【典例】 —All the visitors looked ________ at the fantastic waterfall falling from the mountain top. A. in silence B. in person C. in trouble D. in wonder 【答案】D 【详解】句意，所有游客都惊叹地望着从山顶倾泻而下的壮丽瀑布。 in silence 安静地；沉默地;in person 亲自；当面;in trouble 处于困境中;in wonder 惊奇地，惊叹地 结合语境，游客看到壮观瀑布内心满是赞叹，选D。 【即练】我们停下脚步，惊奇地看着手艺人几分钟就剪出精致的剪纸。 We stopped and watched_________ _______ as the craftsman made delicate paper cutouts in just a few minutes. 【答案】in wonder 【详解】句意：我们停下脚步，惊奇地看着手艺人几分钟就剪出精致的剪纸。固定短语in wonder意为“惊奇地”，在句中作方式状语修饰动词watched，故填in wonder。 8. They worked with pride to make sure that people from around the world had a pleasant stay. 他们满怀热忱地服务，确保来自世界各地的宾客都能拥有舒心的行程。 【详解】 pride 名词 n. ：骄傲；自豪，proud（adj. 形容词）→ proudly（adv. 副词） 搭配1. take pride in = be proud of 为……自豪 I take pride in my country. 我为我的祖国自豪。 搭配2. with pride 自豪地；骄傲地（作状语，修饰动词）= proudly（副词）  He spoke with pride.= He spoke proudly. 他自豪地说着。 【典例】_________(proud) goes before a fall . 【答案】Pride 【详解】句意：骄者必败。本句为谚语，空格在句首作主语，需用名词；proud是形容词，名词形式为pride（骄傲），句首首字母大写，故填Pride。 【即练】她骄傲地捧着奖牌。She held the medal _______ _______. 【答案】with pride 【详解】句意：她骄傲地捧着奖牌。此处修饰动词held，需要作状语；固定搭配with pride意为“骄傲地”，故填with pride。 一、根据句意和汉语提示完成单词。 1.Our class won first prize in the 4×100-meter __________ (接力赛)at the school Sports Day. 【答案】relay 【详解】句意：我们班在校运会4×100米接力赛中获得了一等奖。relay表示接力赛。 2.Many nervous students lose confidence right before the sports ___________(选拔赛 ). 【答案】tryouts 【详解】句意：很多紧张的学生在体育选拔赛开始前就失去了信心。sports tryouts为固定表达，选拔赛常用复数形式tryouts。 3.The sports ___________( 裁判员) watches every player’s moves carefully to keep the game fair. 【答案】judge 【详解】句意：裁判仔细观察每位选手的动作，保证比赛公平。谓语动词watches是三单形式，主语用单数名词judge。 4.The school put an _____________(广告) to look for volunteers for the sports meeting. 【答案】advertisement 【详解】句意：学校张贴广告招募运动会志愿者。不定冠词an后接单数可数名词advertisement。 5.Only through hard training can you have a __________(顺利的)performance in competitions. 【答案】smooth 【详解】句意：只有刻苦训练，你才能在比赛中发挥顺利。形容词smooth修饰名词performance，意为顺利的。 6.We will take part in the opening______________(仪式) of the school Sports Day tomorrow. 【答案】ceremony 【详解】句意：明天我们将参加校运会开幕式。固定搭配opening ceremony，开幕式。 7.Chinese kung fu is a____________(独一无二的) sport full of traditional culture. 【答案】unique 【详解】句意：中国功夫是蕴含传统文化的独特运动。形容词unique修饰名词sport，表示独一无二的。 8.The ____________( 口号)of our relay team is “Unity makes strength”. 【答案】motto【详解】句意：我们接力队的口号是“团结就是力量”。系动词is提示主语为单数名词motto意为口号。 9.The relay race had a _____________( 戏剧性的，出乎意料的)ending that shocked all the audience. 【答案】dramatic 【详解】句意：这场接力赛结局出人意料，震惊了所有观众。形容词dramatic修饰名词ending，表戏剧性的、出乎意料的。 10.The Olympic Games is a______________( 世界范围的) sports event loved by all ages. 【答案】worldwide 【详解】句意：奥运会是一项老少都喜爱的世界性体育赛事。形容词worldwide修饰sports event，意为世界范围的。 二、 用所给单词适当形式填空。 1.The real value of a ___________(compete) is not winning but making progress little by little. 【答案】competition 【详解】句意：一场比赛真正的价值不在于获胜，而在于一点点进步。冠词a后接名词，compete是动词，名词形式competition意为比赛。 2.The young __________(run) kept calm and caught up with the leader in the last lap. 【答案】runner 【详解】句意：这位年轻赛跑选手保持冷静，在最后一圈追上了领跑的人。此处表示人，run对应的指人名词runner赛跑运动员。 3.His ___________(amaze) speed in the relay race amazed all teachers and students. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意：他在接力赛中惊人的速度让全体师生都大为震惊。修饰事物speed用-ing形容词amazing，意为令人惊讶的。 4.Team ___________(strong) helps our class win many group sports competitions. 【答案】strength 【详解】句意：团队力量助力我们班赢得多项集体体育赛事。team后需名词，strong形容词，名词strength表示力量。 5.I _________(true)believe sports can bring warmth and courage to every young person. 【答案】truly 【详解】句意：我由衷相信运动能给每个年轻人带来温暖与勇气。修饰动词believe要用副词，true的副词形式truly。 6.I choose ___________(swim) as my daily sport because it won’t hurt my knees. 【答案】swimming 【详解】句意：我选择游泳作为日常运动，因为它不会损伤膝盖。choose后接动名词作宾语，swim动名词为swimming。 7.Neither Tom nor Jack _________(pass)the pull-up test so far. 【答案】has passed 【详解】句意：到目前为止，汤姆和杰克都没有通过引体向上测试。so far为现在完成时标志；neither…nor就近原则，主语Jack为单数，用has passed。 8.This_________ (drama) sports story teaches us never give up till the last second. 【答案】dramatic 【详解】句意：这个充满戏剧性的体育故事教会我们不到最后一秒绝不放弃。修饰名词story用形容词dramatic，戏剧性的。 9.I am_________( deep) moved by the friendship between competitors on the field. 【答案】deeply 【详解】句意：赛场上选手之间的情谊深深打动了我。修饰情感类形容词moved用副词deeply，表示抽象意义上深深地。 10.Either swimming or skiing __________ (be)my favourite Olympic event. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：游泳或是滑雪是我最喜欢的奥运项目。either…or遵循就近原则，靠近be动词的skiing为单数，一般现在时用is。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.完美交接之后，我们班选手在接力赛中取得领先。 After a perfect handoff, our class runner ________ the______in the relay race. 【答案】 took; lead 【详解】句意：完美交接之后，我们班选手在接力赛中取得领先。 短语take the lead 领先；句子时态为一般过去时，take变took。 2.别中途放弃，你还有机会追上对手。 Don’t give up halfway; you still have time to_______ ________ ground on your competitor. 【答案】 make up 【详解】句意：别中途放弃，你还有机会追上对手。 固定搭配 make up ground 追赶、缩小差距。 3.他既不害怕失败，也不在意他人的夸奖。 He _________ worries about failure ________ cares about others’ praise. 【答案】 neither; nor 【详解】句意：他既不害怕失败，也不在意他人的夸奖。 neither...nor... 既不……也不……，连接并列谓语。 4.我打算下周参加学校接力队的选拔。 I plan to_______ _______ for the school relay team next week. 【答案】  try out 【详解】句意：我打算下周参加学校接力队的选拔。 try out for 参加……选拔。 5. 王亚明或者亚当，两人中有一人是合适人选。 Either Wang Yaming _______ Adam _________ a possible choice.  【答案】 or; is 【详解】句意：王亚明或者亚当，两人中有一人是合适人选。either...or... 要么……要么……，谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近Adam（单数），故用is。 四、阅读填空。 China hosted the Summer Olympics in 2008 and the Winter Olympics in 2022, both of which were 1.__________(success). These sporting events have offered the world a deeper understanding of China and its people. Athletes, sports fans, and even ordinary citizens from other countries 2. ________ (amaze) by China’s rapid development, not only in sports but also in various fields. Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, Chinese government 3._________(pay)consistently attention to physical education and national health. 4._________ the 2022 Winter Olympics, more than 20% of the Chinese population 5.__________(active) joined in ice and snow sports. The Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger—Together” continues to supply 6.________ positive force to our society. In addition to competitive sports, mass sports have gained popularity throughout China. Nowadays, one an easily see people of all 7._________ (age) participating in various outdoor activities such as rope skipping, running, guangchangwu, 8._________ roller skating. During the winter months, many families go skiing and mountain hiking to enjoy the fresh air. China is committed to providing greater convenience for people 9.________( join) in physical activities during 10._________(they)free time. The goal is to have a public park or exercise trails near all residential communities. 【答案】1. successful 2. are amazed 3. has paid 4. During 5. actively 6. a 7. ages 8. and 9. to join 10. their 【详解】 【导语】中国举办两届奥运惊艳世界，国家长期重视全民体育，冰雪与大众运动普及，完善设施方便群众健身。 1. were为系动词，后需形容词作表语，success名词变为形容词successful。 2. be amazed by 为固定搭配，表示“对……感到惊叹”，主语为复数，通用一般现在时are amazed。 3. Since引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时；主语government是单数，故填has paid。 4. 介词during意为“在……期间”，指2022冬奥会举办期间，契合民众参与冰雪运动的语境，句首首字母大写。 5. 修饰动词joined要用副词，active形容词变为副词actively。 6. force此处为可数名词单数，positive以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 7. all后接可数名词复数，all ages指各个年龄段，age变复数ages。 8. 多个并列名词末尾两项之间，用并列连词and连接。 9. 固定结构provide sth. for sb. to do sth.，不定式作后置定语，填to join。 10. 修饰名词free time，使用形容词性物主代词their。 五、阅读理解 Over the past few weeks, I’ve been experiencing a bad fall, largely attributed to my ADHD (多动障碍) drugs running out. This has made it challenging for me to find the motivation to tackle daily tasks, including regular exercise. However, a recent workout led to an epiphany: neglecting physical activity was actually worsening my condition. It appears that engaging in physical activity could be an effective strategy for managing my ADHD symptoms while I await a prescription refill. After a workout, my mind feels quieter, much like when I take my medication. This makes sense as ADHD drugs increase levels of a brain medical called noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素), enhancing focus, memory, and impulse control. Exercise also increases this chemical. While these insights are promising, I’m not ready to stop my medication. Research on exercise and ADHD has mixed results. A 2023 review of 106 studies showed exercise significantly improves impulse control, attention, and task-switching in young people with ADHD. However, its impact on regulating emotions and working memory is less pronounced, and the benefits are even less for adults. In another study, 10 minutes of exercise improved impulse control in 82 adults with ADHD but had no effect on other symptoms. These findings suggest that exercise has a modest effect on ADHD but highlight additional benefits beyond physical health. The evidence is particularly strong for depression and anxiety. A 2023 review of nearly 300 trials involving over 15,800 adults found physical activity as effective as talk therapy and medications in reducing symptoms. The benefit was stronger when combined with these treatments. Exercise may also alleviate symptoms of other mental health conditions, such as bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It appears protective as well. A 2018 study of over 12 million adults found that those who exercised experienced 43 percent fewer days of poor mental health than those who didn’t. The link was strongest for team sports, cycling, and aerobic and gym activities. I’m relieved to have found a strategy for managing my ADHD symptoms without medication. Even though exercising is the last thing I want to do when overwhelmed, I now realize its importance. The benefits of exercise for mental health are clear, and I’m committed to making it a priority in my life. 1. What does the underlined part “an epiphany” most likely mean in paragraph 2? A. A rush resolution or decision. B. A sense of disappointment. C. A sudden realization or insight. D. A moment of great happiness. 2. What role does exercise play according to the research findings presented in the passage? A. Exercise is a perfect replacement for ADHD medication. B. Exercise has no effect on mental health conditions other than ADHD. C. Exercise can complement medication in managing ADHD symptoms. D. Exercise benefits physical health more than obsessive-compulsive disorder. 3. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards exercise? A. Reluctant but importance-aware. B. Casual but focused. C. Inconsistent but passionate. D. Negative but disciplined. 4. What can we learn from the experience with exercise and ADHD? A. Prevention is better than cure. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. A healthy outside starts from the inside. D. The body is a temple; The mind is a palace. 【答案】1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 【详解】 【导语】作者因多动症药物用尽状态变差，运动后顿悟运动可缓解症状，多项研究证实运动还能改善多种心理疾病。1.句意：第二段划线短语“an epiphany”最可能是什么意思？ 原文第二段：一次锻炼后我突然明白：缺少运动加重了我的多动障碍。 A. 仓促的决定；B. 失落感；C. 顿悟、突然的认知；D. 极度开心的时刻 epiphany 词义为“顿悟，灵光一现”，对应C。 2. 句意：根据文中研究，运动起到什么作用？ 定位原文：1. 作者不会停药，运动和药物都能提升大脑去甲肾上腺素； 2. 运动单独效果有限，和药物/心理治疗结合时效果更强； A. 运动能完全替代多动症药物（错误，作者没有停药，运动效果有限） - B. 运动对多动症以外的心理疾病无效（错误，文中说对抑郁、焦虑、强迫症都有用） - C. 运动可辅助药物缓解多动症症状（正确，二者作用机理相同，搭配效果更好） - D. 运动对身体的好处远大于强迫症（无对比依据，原文未比较二者强弱） 3.句意：哪一项最能描述作者对运动的态度？ 定位文末：Even though exercising is the last thing I want to do when overwhelmed, I now realize its importance. 翻译：压力大的时候我一点都不想运动，但我认清了它的重要性，决心把运动放在第一位。 A. 不情愿，但深知其重要（符合） - B. 随意但专注（无casual随意的表述） - C. 反复无常但热情（作者没有反复、热情的描写） - D. 消极但自律（作者不是消极，只是不想做，明白价值后主动坚持） 4. 句意：从作者运动对抗多动症的经历，我们能学到什么道理？ 文章主旨：运动调养身体，同时改善大脑、精神心理状态，身心一体。 - A. 预防胜于治疗（全文无“预防疾病”相关内容） - B. 黑暗中总有一线光明（指困境有转机，偏离身心关系核心） - C. 内在健康决定外在（逻辑颠倒，原文是运动这个外在行为改善内心精神） - D. 身体是圣殿，心灵是居所（身体与精神相辅相成，运动养护身体、治愈心理，贴合全文主题） 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $