UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE(课时跟踪检测)-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习学用Word（人教版）

**基本信息** 该题集围绕文化遗产主题，包含3篇阅读理解（12题）和1篇阅读七选五（5题），素材涵盖教育公平（大学Fly-in项目）、植物科学（植物防御与智能）、环保创新（桥梁变人工礁）等真实情境，注重语言能力与思维品质的综合训练，适配一轮复习基础巩固与能力提升。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|12题|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测|情境具时代性（如高校招生项目、生物研究新发现），问题设计有梯度，融合跨学科内容（生物、环保）| |阅读七选五|5题|篇章结构、逻辑衔接|聚焦运动社交主题，考查语篇连贯能力，贴近学生生活经验|

UNIT 1　CULTURAL HERITAGE Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·广东实验中学质检）Fly-in programs offer a unique opportunity for prospective students to experience campus life firsthand.These programs， typically sponsored by the institution， are designed for students from minority backgrounds who may not be able to afford a visit to campus on their own. 　　Fly-in programs provide an immersive campus experience， making universities and colleges accessible to students in advance.They remove financial barriers to visits and offer application and financial aid workshops.Additionally， participants build valuable connections with peers， students， and staff， gaining support throughout the admissions process and beyond. How to Apply for Fly-In Programs？ Coalition （联盟） Members and their Fly-In Programs 　　Expanding college access to communities that have been minorities in higher education is a shared goal among Coalition schools.Below， check out some of our member schools and their fly-in visit programs. Program Visit Time Deadline Mount Marty University November 20－22 September 8 Columbia University September 4－6 June 25 University of Michigan October 8－10 July 31 Wellesley College December 18 October 20 1.What is the main purpose of fly-in programs？（　　） A.To provide free flights for students to visit colleges. B.To offer students financial aid for their college trips. C.To help students make friends before entering college. D.To help students experience campus life in person and evaluate colleges. 2.What are applicants of Fly-in programs advised to do？（　　） A.Plan for potential fees. B.Make a list of programs. C.Avoid last-minute submission. D.Provide evidence of research. 3.Which would be a suitable time to submit an application for an early September campus visit？（　　） A.June 20－23. B.November 20－22. C.August 16－20. D.September 3－5. B 　　（2026·河北质量检测）On a peaceful summer morning， a field of poplar trees sways in the wind， and insects buzz around. At first sight， the scene seems calm， but the trees are actually under attack. Insects are feeding on their leaves， and the trees are defending themselves. 　　Though plants can’t run or hide， they have developed ways to fight back. When an insect begins to bite a leaf， the tree mounts defenses. It also quickly messages its neighbors：“We’re under attack！ Get your defenses ready！” It even produces chemicals to repel （驱赶） the attackers and may attract other insects to help. These responses happen without us noticing，but scientists are discovering that plants can do things we once thought only animals could do. They communicate with each other， and form memories — all without a brain. 　　Research has shown that plants can communicate in complex ways. In the 1980s， scientists discovered that injured trees could warn nearby trees of danger. When one tree was damaged， it made chemicals that sent a signal through the air to the others. This led to the idea of “talking” plants， opening up the field of plant communication. 　　Plants can also learn and form memories. In one experiment， a plant called Mimosa pudica stopped reacting to harmless drops after repeated exposure. This suggests that plants can remember and adapt to their environment， even without a nervous system. 　　These discoveries show plants are able to do far more besides meeting our eyes. But does this mean that plants are intelligent？ Some scientists think so. Others are not so sure. The problem may trace to how we define words like “thinking” and “intelligence”. Elizabeth Van Volkenburgh， a plant biologist at the University of Washington， likes the term neurobiology （神经生物学）. Technically， a plant lacks nerves. Still， it has a sensory system. But some scientists think the idea is a hard sell. After all， plants don’t have nervous systems. Even now， this idea raises questions. 4.How does a tree defend itself against an insect attack？（　　） A.By releasing chemicals. B.By turning to the sunshine. C.By forming memories. D.By using warm air currents. 5.Why is the plant Mimosa pudica mentioned in paragraph 4？（　　） A.To erase some doubts. B.To support an opinion. C.To praise researchers. D.To make a comparison. 6.What can we infer about these discoveries？（　　） A.They lack conclusive proof. B.They fuel a big debate in biology. C.They share little common ground. D.They inspire ideas about human health. 7.Which is the most suitable title for the text？（　　） A.Is Wildlife Sensitive？ B.How Do Nervous Systems Work？ C.Are Plants Intelligent？ D.How Do Trees Survive Hot Weather？ C 　　（2026·贵阳七校联考）After spending 62 years above the Hudson River， the Tappan Zee Bridge’s heritage lives on below the water’s surface. The bridge was fully torn down， after which its huge structure of metal and concrete was cleaned and then dropped into the Atlantic Ocean to start a new life as an artificial reef. 　　Coral reefs are varied marine ecosystems， often regarded as the rainforests of the sea. When coral reefs are stressed by changes in conditions， such as temperature， light or nutrients， they expel the algae that live in their tissues， without which corals’ tissues become transparent， showing their white structures， a phenomenon known as bleaching （漂白）. This largely attributes to the sharp decline of coral reefs. It is reported that we’ve lost 14 percent of the world’s coral reefs in the last decade， an equivalent of losing the whole Great Barrier Reef in 10 years. 　　It is clear that natural coral reefs are now in trouble. That’s why people are finding ways to build them from artificial materials. Artificial reefs aren’t made of coral. They are created by placing large objects on the ocean floor. Sometimes， these objects are built to be used as reefs. They are often made of steel and concrete. A structure can also be recycled as a reef. That’s what happened with the Tappan Zee Bridge. Of all the artificial marine reefs in the world， those made of submerged shipwrecks are the most common. In 2005， Jim Walsh helped turn a ship called the Carthaginian Ⅱ into a reef.The Carthaginian Ⅱ landed on the ocean floor more than a decade ago. Back then， it was just a chunk of metal on a bare patch of sand. Now the ship is a home to at least 75 marine animal species. “It’s amazing to see how much life is on that ship，” Walsh says. 　　While artificial reefs bring benefits in many ways， they aren’t perfect for all situations， as they can damage natural habitats if not carefully constructed and potentially lead to a sharp increase in tourism activity that spills over into surrounding areas， including natural reefs. 8.How was the Tappan Zee Bridge recycled？（　　） A.It was dropped as it was. B.It was cut into small pieces first. C.It was melted and reshaped into a reef. D.It was cleaned and then placed into the ocean. 9.What does the underlined word “expel” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A.Attract.　　　　　　B.Release. C.Change.　　　　　　　D.Feed. 10.What can be inferred about the future of artificial reefs？（　　） A.They may need strict regulations. B.They will ruin the natural environment. C.They will take the place of natural reefs. D.They will all be made of steel and concrete. 11.What is the passage mainly about？（　　） A.The forms of reefs have changed. B.Tappan Zee Bridge is home to reefs. C.A deserted bridge turns into a treasure. D.Artificial reefs bring hopes for oceans. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2026·南昌二模）Rock climbing has recently grown rapidly， with nearly 1，500 people trying it for the first time each day. New climbing gyms are surfacing across the country， making it easier to explore this exciting activity with so many options available. Whether you’re seeking adventure， fitness， or a new social circle， rock climbing offers a unique experience.12.　　 Discover the climber within you. 　　How long it takes to learn rock climbing varies for climbers. Some believe climbing outdoors may take 3 － 5 years to see results， while some may see some improvement within a month， and begin to feel confident after six months of continued practice. It’s possible for you to become an expert in a year.13.　 　　Taking the first step is always the biggest challenge. Beginners are often concerned about appearing awkward at some point. 14.　　 Most climbers are focused on themselves and their climbing journey. Your safety is what truly matters to people. So， don’t fear looking silly. 　　Get your mindset in order. Start with indoor courses and don’t try to acquire rock climbing techniques overnight. Moreover， climbing is not simply a physical sport.15.　　 You’d better understand the mindset behind successful climbing， such as overcoming fears and managing self-doubt. 　　16.　　 Your gym is full of supportive members who will cheer you on and help you to succeed. It is so easy to make friends in a climbing gym with individuals sharing the same interest. You’re all here to do something to better yourselves， and that kind of positivity bonds people together like a big family. A.There’s a lot of mental training as well. B.You are always responsible for your own safety. C.Watching the experts is also one of the fastest ways to learn. D.But you’ll never know your learning timeline until you start. E.The cool thing about climbing is that it’s more of a community. F.However， no one is actually going to judge how skilled you are. G.With all these benefits， it is time to stretch your body to try out. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 必修第二册 UNIT 1　CULTURAL HERITAGE Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Fly-in项目的目的、优势、申请方式及部分参与学校的相关信息，以帮助学生提前了解和体验大学生活。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Fly-in programs ...campus life firsthand.以及第二段中的Fly-in programs provide ...students in advance.可知，Fly-in项目的主要目的是帮助学生亲身体验校园生活并评估大学。 2.C　细节理解题。根据流程图中的Submit before the deadline！ （Last-minute packing leads to forgotten items.）可知，Fly-in项目建议申请者避免在最后一刻提交资料，这意味着应提前准备，避免匆忙提交。 3.A　推理判断题。根据表格信息可知，Columbia University的“Visit Time”显示为“September 4－6”，“Deadline”是“June 25”，因此申请者应在6月25日之前提交材料，而6月20到23日的时间范围符合这一要求。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物在受到昆虫攻击时的自我防御方式，以及植物能够相互交流、学习和形成记忆等现象，由此引出关于植物是否有智慧的讨论。 4.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的It even produces chemicals to repel the attackers可知，当树木受到昆虫攻击时，它甚至会产生化学物质来驱赶攻击者，所以树木通过释放化学物质来抵御昆虫的攻击。 5.B　推理判断题。根据第四段首句可知，该段的主旨是植物也可以学习和形成记忆。接着提到了含羞草的例子，通过含羞草在反复接触无害水滴后停止反应这一实验结果，表明植物可以记住并适应环境。所以提到含羞草是为了支持“植物可以学习和形成记忆”这一观点。 6.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，对于植物是否有智慧这一问题，一些科学家认为有，而另一些科学家不确定，并且对于如何定义“思考”和“智慧”存在争议，关于植物是否有神经生物学方面的能力也存在不同看法。由此可推知，这些发现引发了生物学领域的一场大辩论。 7.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇描述了树木在受到昆虫攻击时的自我防御以及与邻居的交流，接着介绍了植物能够相互交流、学习和形成记忆等现象，然后在最后一段引出关于植物是否有智慧的讨论。所以文章主要围绕植物是否有智慧展开。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塔潘齐大桥被拆除后，其结构被改造成人工鱼礁，为海洋生物提供了栖息地，成为海洋中的“宝藏”。 8.D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，塔潘齐大桥被拆除后，其巨大的金属和混凝土结构被清理干净，然后沉入大西洋，成为人工鱼礁。 9.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，珊瑚礁在受到压力时，会排出生活在其组织中的藻类，没有这些藻类，珊瑚组织会变得透明，呈现出白色结构，即白化现象。所以expel意为“排出，释放”。 10.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，人工鱼礁如果建造不当会破坏自然栖息地，还可能导致旅游业活动急剧增加，影响周边地区，所以未来人工鱼礁可能需要严格的管理和规范。 11.C　主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了塔潘齐大桥被拆除后，其结构被改造成人工鱼礁，为海洋生物提供了栖息地，成为海洋中的“宝藏”。因此C项（一座废弃的桥变成了一座宝藏）为文章主旨。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了攀岩运动的兴起及其带来的多种益处，并提供了初学者如何开始攀岩的建议。 12.G　根据上句可知，攀岩能给人们提供独特的体验，结合下文Discover the climber within you.可知，G项符合语境，G项中的these benefits指代上文内容，并鼓励人们去尝试攀岩。 13.D　根据本段首句可知，本段讲述的是学习攀岩所需要的时间。结合空前的It’s possible for you to become an expert in a year.以及空处的位置，此处应是对上文内容进行总结，且与学习攀岩时间相关，D项与本段主题相关，且与上文内容为转折关系，符合语境。 14.F　根据上句可知，初学者可能显得有些笨拙，结合空后的Most climbers are focused on themselves and their climbing journey.可知，大部分攀岩者只关注自己而非别人。由此可推断，F项与上文内容为转折关系，且引出下文讲述的人们关注的焦点，缓解了初学者的担忧。 15.A　根据上句可知，攀岩不仅是一项体力运动，暗示还有其他方面的训练，A项表明攀岩还需要心理训练，承接上文。 16.E　分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合下文可知，攀岩健身房里充满支持的成员，大家像一个大家庭一样团结。由此可知，本段讲述的是攀岩可以把有共同爱好的人联系在一起，E项提到了攀岩更像一个社区，点明主题，符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $