UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义覆盖词汇（阅读、核心、拓展）、句型（“be of+抽象名词”等）、写作（应用文、读后续写）及高考真题等核心考点，按“基础积累-考点突破-实战应用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点分类梳理、方法技巧指导（如构词法、句型转换）、真题精析演练（2024-2025年真题）等环节，帮助学生系统突破词汇辨析、句型运用、写作表达等难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料以语言能力和思维品质培养为核心，创新设计“单词练通+写美”微训练（如refer、appreciate的语法填空与微写作结合）、应用文“美句积累-连句成篇”步骤，结合分层练习（单句语法、微写作、真题综合）。通过高考新增词汇（如collaborate）和疑难词汇（如basically）的语境化讲解，助力学生在有限时间内提升词汇应用、句型转换及读写实战能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认 1.bone n.　　　 　　骨头；骨（质） 2.shell n.　　壳；壳状物 3.carve vt. & vi.　　雕刻 4.dynasty n.　　王朝；朝代 5.CE（＝Common Era） 　　公元 6.semester n.　　学期 7.petrol n.　　汽油 8.pants n.　　[pl.] 内裤；短裤；裤子 9.dialect n.　　地方话；方言（联想：accent n.口音，腔调） 10.tongue n.　　舌头；语言（mother tongue母语） Ⅱ.多义单词——我会辨 1.regard n.　　尊重；关注；问候，致意 vt.　　把……视为；看待 2.character n.　　文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 Ⅲ.核心单词——我会写 1.billion num.　　十亿 2.native adj.　　出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.　　本地人 3.attitude n.　　态度；看法 4.factor n.　　因素；要素 5.means n.　　方式；方法；途径 6.calligraphy n.　　书法；书法艺术 7.struggle n. & vi.　　斗争；奋斗；搏斗；艰难地行进 8.gap n.　　间隔；开口；差距 9.vocabulary n.　　词汇 10.despite prep.　　即使；尽管（近义：in spite of） 11.subway n.　　地铁（同义：underground） 12.apartment n.　　公寓套房（近义：flat） 13.affair n.　　公共事务；事件；关系（近义：event；incident） Ⅳ.拓展词汇——我会拓 1.refer vi.（referred/referred/referring）提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于→reference n.指称关系；参考 2.variety n.（植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化→vary vi.不同；变化→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→varied adj.多变的；各种各样的→variation n.变化，变更，变种；变奏（曲） 3.system n.体系；制度；系统→systematic adj.系统的；有条理的→systematically adv.系统地；有条理地 4.base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据→based adj.以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basically adv.根本上；基本上→basis n.基础 5.symbol n.符号；象征→symbolise/-ize vt.象征；代表→symbolic adj.象征（性）的→symbolically adj.象征（性）地 6.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→majority n.多数；大多数 7.global adj.全球的；全世界的→globally adv.全球地；全局地→globe n.地球；地球仪→globalize/-ise vi. & vt.（使）全球化→globalization/-isation n.全球化，全世界化 8.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会；意识到vi.增值→appreciation n.欣赏；感激；领会；重视→appreciative adj.欣赏的；赏识的；感激的 9.classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的n.经典作品；名著→classical adj.古典的；传统的 10.specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv.特定地；明确地；具体地→specify vt.具体说明；明确规定 11.beg vt.恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n.乞丐 12.demand n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→demanding adj.要求高的；费力的；苛求的 Ⅴ.重点短语——我会记 1.refer to 　 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 2.ups and downs 　　浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 3.date back （to ...） 　　追溯到 4.point of view 　　观点；看法 5.relate to 　　与……相关；涉及；谈到 6.lead to 　　导致 7.play a role in 　　在……中发挥作用 8.have trouble with 　　在……方面有困难 9.get used to （doing） sth 　　习惯于（做）某事 10.bridge the gap between us 　　减少我们之间的差异 Ⅵ.单元佳句——我会用 1.There are many reasons why this has been possible， but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.　（why引导的定语从句） 其存续的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。 2.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.　（be of＋抽象名词） 那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。 3.Even today， no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.　（“no matter＋疑问词”引导状语从句） 即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写（文字）进行交流。 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ.高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 后缀-ally 词尾为-ic的形容词变副词，直接加后缀-ally 写出下列蓝体词的词性和含义 1.（2024·1月浙江卷）“Basically， the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr.Stienwand says， “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”　　adv.基本上　 2.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Specifically， it’s a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud， BMF is remotely monitored.　　adv.具体地　 3.（2024·1月浙江卷）But as we’ve reshaped the world around us， dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories， we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago.　　adv.剧烈地，明显地　 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.collaborate vi.合作；协作 ①collaborate with sb　　　与某人合作 ②collaborate on sth　　在某个项目上合作 ③collaborate closely　　密切合作 ④collaborate effectively　　高效协作 The report shows that departments which collaborate closely achieve 30% higher efficiency. 报告显示，密切合作的部门效率能提高30%。 2.compass n.指南针；罗盘；范围；界限 ①within the compass of　　在……的范围内 ②keep sth within compass　　把某种事物限制在适当的范围内 ③beyond sb’s compass　　超出某人的理解范围 His scientific research went far beyond the compass of ordinary people’s understanding. 他的科学研究远远超出了普通人的理解范围。 核心知识 点面突破 refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于 练通 单句语法填空 ①There are varieties of 　reference　 （refer） books designed for English beginners and you can choose whichever ones are suitable for you. 写美 微写作 ②我写信是为了介绍一些关于中国近年来所取得的成就方面的信息。　（2024·北京卷） I am writing to introduce some information 　in/with reference to China’s achievements in recent years　. （1）refer to　指的是；描述；提到；查阅 refer ...to ...　　把……提交给…… refer to ...as ...　　把……称作…… （2）reference n.　　指称关系；参考 in/with reference to sb/sth　关于 佳句 My colleague said that as the situation was unusual he would refer the matter to his boss.　（语言描写） 我的同事说，由于情况不同寻常，他会把这件事提交给他的老板。 appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值 练通 单句语法填空 ①（2023·1月浙江卷）This little bird slowly landed on my right shoulder and gave me a gentle kiss as if appreciating 　saving　 （save） her life. 写美 微写作 ②我写信来表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢你为我在伦敦逗留期间所做的一切。　（感谢信） 　I’m writing to express my appreciation　 for what you did for me during my stay in London. ③如果您能尽早回复我，我将不胜感激。 　I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me　 at your earliest convenience. （1）appreciate＋名词/代词/动词-ing形式　　重视/感激…… I would appreciate it/be grateful if ...　　假如……我将不胜感激 （2）appreciation n.　　感激 express/convey one’s appreciation to sb　　向某人表达感激之情 佳句 This outdoor art class not only allowed me to appreciate the natural beauty around us but also taught me to see ordinary things from a new perspective.　（活动介绍） 这次户外美术课不仅让我欣赏到了周围的自然之美，还教会了我以新的视角看待普通的事物。 equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；能胜任的 v.与……相等，比得上 练通 单句语法填空 ①A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular， saying it was 　without　 equal. ②（2025·八省联考）Every language is worthy of respect and should be treated 　equally　 （equal）. 写美 微写作 ③更重要的是，它确保具有不同交流能力的学生有平等的机会来发展他们的语言技能。 More importantly， it guarantees that students with varying communication abilities 　have equal opportunities/chances to develop their language skills　. （1）have no equal＝without equal 无与伦比 （2）be equal to （doing） sth　　胜任（做）某事 （3）equal sb/sth in （doing） sth　　在（做）某事上比得过…… （4）equality n.　　平等；相等 equally adv.　　相等地；同等地；同样地 佳句 I am convinced that I am equal to being a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition. 我确信我能胜任做这个中国绘画展的志愿者。 联想 表示“胜任……”的其他短语 ①be up to　　　　　②be fit for ③be qualified for　　④be adequate to demand n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问 练通 单句语法填空 ①Nowadays science graduates are 　in　 greater demand because advanced science has created more 　demanding　 （demand） jobs. ②He reduced the amount of food for himself in order to satisfy the whole family’s 　demands　 （demand）. 写美 微写作 ③因为摘苹果需要爬树，农民们要求我们谨慎小心。 Because picking apples involved climbing trees， the farmers demanded that we 　（should） be cautious and careful　. （1）be in （great） demand　　　（迫切）需求 meet/satisfy one’s demand　　满足某人的需求 a demand for ...　　对……的需求/要求 （2）demand to do sth　　要求做某事 demand that ...（should） do sth　要求……（应该）做某事 （3）demanding adj.　要求高的；费力的；苛求的 佳句 As new members are in demand in our basketball club， I’m writing to invite you to join it.　（邀请信） 由于我们的篮球俱乐部需要新成员，我写信是想邀请你加入。 struggle n. & vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；艰难地行进 佳句背诵 ①Seeing Tom struggle out of his wheelchair， she struggled to hold back her tears.　（动作＋神态描写） 看着汤姆艰难地下了轮椅，她竭力忍住不哭。 ②Despite many attempts， I still find it a struggle to cook a tasty meal. 即使尝试多次，我仍然觉得做好一顿美味的饭菜绝非易事。 靓句写作 Weak as she was， she 　struggled to her feet　， continuing searching for assistance.　（动作描写） 尽管很虚弱，她挣扎着站起来，继续寻找帮助。 敲黑板 ①struggle for ...　　为……而斗争/奋斗 ②struggle with/against sb/sth　　与某人/某事做斗争 ③struggle to do sth　　努力做某事 ④struggle to one’s feet　　挣扎着站起来 句型公式：“be of＋抽象名词”结构 写美 句型转换/一句多译 ①The majority of students consider that watching English movies is 　beneficial　 （benefit） to their English learning. →The majority of students consider that watching English movies is 　of benefit　 to their English learning. ②在我看来，掌握基本的生活技能对我们学生而言是非常重要的。　（2023·全国乙卷） →As far as I’m concerned， learning basic living skills 　is of great importance/significance to us students　.（名词） → From my point of view， mastering basic living skills 　is very important/significant to us students　.（形容词） （1）be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词 be of great ＝be very （2）of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality等表示人或物的属性的名词，在句中作表语或定语。 佳句 Learning that the operation was of no use to the old man， I felt a lump in my throat， tears welling up in my eyes.　（情绪描写） 当得知手术对那位老人没用时，我感到喉咙哽塞，泪水夺眶而出。 句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句 教材原句：Even today， no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写（文字）进行交流。 写美 微写作 ①我从这次经历中学到，无论遇到什么困难，我们都应该努力解决。　（主旨升华） I learned from the experience that 　whatever/no matter what difficulties we meet　， we should try our best to solve them. ②无论谁找到了实验室丢失的钥匙，请立即交给约翰逊先生。 　Whoever finds the missing keys to the laboratory　 should immediately hand it in to Mr Johnson. ③无论玛丽多么忙，她每天都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语。 　However/No matter how busy Mary is　， she will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA with Chinese. no matter where/what在句中引导让步状语从句 （1）“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。 （2）whatever， whoever， whichever， whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 佳句 Whenever/No matter when I see the photo， I think of the cold， wet and unforgettable evening when a stranger offered his trust and kindness to me！　（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷） 无论什么时候我看到这张照片，我就会想起那个寒冷、潮湿而又令人难忘的夜晚，一位陌生人给予我信任和善意！ 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的；严重的；主修的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究 ①I have decided to register for the computer major.This is because the highly paid employment in the IT industry attracts me most.　　n.主修课程　 ②（2024·1月浙江卷）One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building.　　adj.主要的　 ③Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters， I will major in calligraphy at university in the future.　　vi.主修　 2.character n.性格，品质；特色，特性；人物，角色；符号，文字 ①One of his best qualities is his strong character； he never gives up in the face of adversity.　　n.性格，品质　 ②The secret message was written in a code using characters from a different language.　　n.符号，文字　 ③Each region of the country has its own distinct character， reflected in its culture and traditions.　　n.特色，特性　 ④Many actors enjoy playing characters that are very different from themselves in real life.　　n.人物，角色　 3.Not until then did I fully appreciate what my parents had done for me.　　vt.理解，明白　 4.I have a very high regard for him and what he has achieved.　　n.尊重　 5.The girl who has a sharp wit and quick tongue dreams of being a lawyer.　　n.说话方式　 6.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷） Somehow， these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.　　adj.整体的，全面的　 7.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters， giving way to lands of low-growing plants.　　n.底部　 8.（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago， but they record moments we can all relate to.　　理解　 单句语法填空/完成句子 1.Team members need to receive training after school every day and they are also offered opportunities to watch table tennis competitions on a regular 　basis　 （base）. 2.Only a few students feel equal to 　giving　 （give） a presentation in front of the entire school， as it requires a lot of courage and preparation. 3.Matt found it surprising to witness a homeless guy 　struggling　 （struggle） to find a job despite difficult circumstances.The man in front of him looked nothing like a 　beggar　 （beg） in depression. 4.（2024·全国甲卷）Shared bicycles provide 　a convenient and environmentally friendly means of transport　 （方便且环保的交通方式） for short trips. 单句语法填空 1.（2025·全国一卷）It’s estimated that the 　global　 （globe） demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. 2.　Regarded　 （regard） as one of China’s National Foods， the Peking Duck is one of the most popular Chinese dishes. 3.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Never will I sign up for the writing competition without your encouragement， so my thanks are beyond 　description　 （describe）. 4.The buildings， 　dating　 （date） from the beginning of the 19th century， play an important role in the history of architecture. 　应用文增分练——提高汉语学习的帖文 　　假定你在某外语学习交流网站看到很多外国友人发帖，寻求提高汉语水平的建议。请你写一篇帖子，提出一些实用的建议。 第一步　根据单元知识写美句 1.对于那些觉得学好汉语很费力的人，我的建议可能有所帮助。（a struggle； 定语从句） 　As for those who find it a struggle to learn Chinese well， my advice may be helpful.　 2.正如语言学习一样，学习汉语也需要练习。（demand；定语从句） 　As is always the case with language learning， learning Chinese also demands practice.　 3.阅读与汉语相关的书籍至关重要，以此扩大词汇量。（be＋of＋抽象名词；relate to） 　It’s of great importance to read books that are related to Chinese to expand your vocabulary.　 4.多和当地人交流。因为你与当地人用汉语交流得越多，你就会说得越流利。（native；because引导表语从句；the more ... the more ...） 　Communicate more with the natives.That is because the more you communicate with the natives in Chinese， the more fluently you will speak.　 5.除此之外，同样重要的是看一些中文电影或电视节目。（equally；表语放于句首的倒装句） 　Aside from that， equally important is to watch some Chinese films or TV programs.　 6.无论学习汉语有什么困难，都要有积极的态度。（attitude； no matter what） 　Take a positive attitude no matter what trouble you may have in learning Chinese.　 7.期待你的评论。 　Anticipating your comments.　 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。 　　　As for those who find it a struggle to learn Chinese well， my advice may be helpful.　 　　　As is always the case with language learning， learning Chinese also demands practice.Firstly， it’s of great importance to read books that are related to Chinese to expand your vocabulary.Moreover， communicate more with the natives.That is because the more you communicate with the natives in Chinese， the more fluently you will speak.Aside from that， equally important is to watch some Chinese films or TV programs.Last but not least， take a positive attitude no matter what trouble you may have in learning Chinese.　 　　　Anticipating your comments.　 　读后续写微技能——英语演讲前的恐惧 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 词汇积累 人物描写：native； attitude； dialect； struggle； tongue； bone； classic； character； equal 情感描写：ups and downs； appreciate 动作描写：refer to； major； regard； demand； relate to； carve； beg 佳句积累 修辞手法：1.I used to get high marks in English， but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.　（对比） 2.If I’m talking to a close friend， I can ...But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me， I must ... If I’m talking to someone senior to me， then I should say ...　（排比） 主旨升华：One language sets you in a corridor for life.Two languages open every door along the way. 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 情感细节描写：恐惧（二） 经典词汇 1.flee v.逃离 2.freeze v.吓呆 3.scream v.尖叫 4.awful adj.可怕的 5.sweat v. & n.出汗　　 6.shrink v.退缩；畏缩 7.tremble/shake v.颤抖 8.dreadful adj.可怕的；极坏的 9.fearful adj.可怕的，充满恐惧的 10.terror-stricken adj.极度恐惧的 　 靓点语块 1.knees feel weak 双膝发软 2.sweat with fear 吓得直冒汗 3.feel like/turn to jelly （吓得）发软 4.break out in a cold sweat 吓出一身冷汗　　 5.let out a scream of horror 发出惊声尖叫 6.make one’s hair stand on end 使某人毛骨悚然 7.one’s body be rigid/stiff with fear 吓得浑身发僵 8.have one’s heart in one’s mouth 某人的心提到嗓子眼 出彩佳句 1.I could feel my heart pounding wildly and my palms sweating.我能够感觉到我的心怦怦跳，手心直冒汗。 2.She felt a wave of fear wash over her when she heard the strange noise. 当她听到这个奇怪的声音时，她感到一阵恐惧席卷而来。 3.My heart seemed to stand still when I got the terrible news.听到这个骇人的消息，我的心几乎停止了跳动。 4.My heart almost jumped into my mouth when the bear approached me. 当那只熊向我靠近时，我的心一下子提到嗓子眼了。 5.He wanted to run away but found himself rooted to the spot/ground.他想逃跑，却发现自己一动也不能动。 6.The thought of speaking in front of so many people made her shake with fear. 一想到要在那么多人面前讲话，她就害怕得发抖。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：聚光灯骤亮，这是我头回站在数百人注视的舞台中央， 属于我的时刻到了。然而，我喉咙发紧，吞咽艰难，一场始料未及的慌乱将至。 　　Then came my turn.Standing on the stage， I could 1.　feel my heart pounding wildly and my palms sweating　 （感觉我的心怦怦直跳，掌心出汗）.2.　So nervous was I that my mind completely went blank　 （我太紧张了以至于脑子一片空白； 倒装结构）.I wanted to flee， but I was rooted to the spot， 3.　with my knees weak　 （我的膝盖发软；with复合结构）.I struggled to think hard， attempting to refer to my notes， though it was not allowed.4.　My hands trembled so wildly that　 （我的手颤抖得太厉害了以至于； so ... that ...） my speech script slid onto the ground.Summer day as it was， I 5.　broke out in a cold sweat　 （吓出了一身冷汗）.“Help me please！” I could hear a desperate voice ringing in my mind. 　　（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，阅读B）Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read？ Yes， we all have our phones， but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. 　　Well， there’s a kiosk （小亭） for that.In the San Francisco Bay Area， at least. 　　“You enter the fare gates （检票口） and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute， a three-minute， or a five-minute story，” says Alicia Trost， the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” 　　It’s that simple.Riders have printed nearly 20，000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March.Some are classic short stories， and some are new original works. 　　Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders.“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest，” Trost says.“And as of right now， we’ve received about 120 submissions.The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” 　　Ridership on transit （交通） systems across the country has been down the past half century， so could short stories save transit？ 　　Trost thinks so. 　　“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories，” she says. 　　And you’ll never be without something to read. 　　 做真题——感悟命题角度 24.Why did BART start the kiosk program？ A.To promote the local culture. B.To discourage phone use. C.To meet passengers’ needs. D.To reduce its running costs. 解析：C　推理判断题。题干中的kiosk在第二段第一句中首次出现，句中的that指代第一段第二句中的but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed，即很多人仍然喜欢选择传统方式读一些印刷的东西。所以为了满足乘客需求，BART启动了阅读亭项目。 25.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk？ A.By popularity.　　　 B.By length. C.By theme.　 D.By language. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的it tells you can get a one-minute， a three-minute， or a five-minute story和You choose which length you want可知，你可以根据自己想要的长度选择1分钟、3分钟或5分钟阅读时长的故事，即阅读亭里的故事是按长度分类的。 26.What has Trost been doing recently？ A.Organizing a story contest. B.Doing a survey of customers. C.Choosing a print publisher. D.Conducting interviews with artists. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第五段中特罗斯特所说的内容可知，特罗斯特号召艺术家们提交故事参加比赛，并且到目前为止收到了大约120份参赛作品，即她是在组织故事比赛。 27.What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future？ A.It will close down. B.Its profits will decline. C.It will expand nationwide. D.Its ridership will increase. 解析：D　观点态度题。根据第七、八段内容可知，特罗斯特完全相信他们会因为短故事吸引更多乘客。 理脉络——构建篇章思维 再利用——拓宽词句积累 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.receipt-like adj. 　　　类似收据的 2.submit vt. 　　提交 3.agency n. 　　机构；（尤指）代理机构 4.categorize vt. 　　分类 5.go old school 　　采用传统方式，回归老派 6.read something printed 　　阅读印刷品 7.fare gates 　　检票口 8.chief communications officer 　　首席通讯官 9.classic short stories 　　经典短篇故事 10.original works 　　原创作品 （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.original adj.[派生] 原创的 （origin＋-al） 2.ridership n.[合成] 乘客量；客运量；乘客数（rider＋ship） 3.absolutely adv.[派生] 绝对地；完全地 （absolute＋-ly） 4.popularity n.[派生] 受欢迎度（popular＋-ity） 5.nationwide adj.[合成] 全国范围的；全国性的；遍及全国的adv.在全国范围内（nation＋wide） （三）由文本知变式运用 1.rider [熟义] n.骑手；骑马（或自行车、摩托车）的人→[生义] n.　乘客　 （第四段第二句） 2.launch [熟义] vt.发射；使（船，尤指新船）下水→ [生义] vt.　启动，推出（项目）　 （第四段第二句） （四）由文本探析长难句 “You enter the fare gates （检票口） and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute， a three-minute， or a five-minute story，” says Alicia Trost， the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. 分析：本句为主从复合句，含直接引语。the chief communications officer ... BART是Alicia Trost的　同位　语，说明其身份；直接引语作says的　宾语　从句，由and连接两个并列分句：前分句为祈使句You enter the fare gates；后分句you’ll see a kiosk ...中，that is lit up and it tells you ...是修饰a kiosk的　定语　从句，其中it tells you后接　宾语　从句you can get ... story。 译文：　旧金山湾区捷运系统（简称 BART）的首席通讯官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特说：“你走进检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的小亭子，它会告诉你可以获取时长为一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。”　 　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·山东名校考试联盟模拟）At 19， Mahmood Akram has made a remarkable achievement.He can read， write， and type in 400 languages and speak 46 fluently.This incredible ability showcases his deep-rooted passion for languages. 　　Akram’s language learning journey started at the age of four， under the guidance of his father who is proficient in 16 languages.Akram mastered the English alphabet （字母表） in just six days and the 299 alphabets of Tamil in three weeks.By the time he was six， he had already surpassed his father’s language knowledge and was eager to explore more languages independently. 　　At eight， he became the youngest multilingual （多语言的） typist， setting his first world record.At ten， he wrote the Indian national anthem in 20 languages within an hour， achieving his second world record.By 12， he could handle 400 languages and won a German award in a competition against 70 linguistic experts. 　　However， Akram’s passion for languages brought challenges to his traditional education.After fifth-grade， he couldn’t find a language-focused school in India， so he studied online.Later， he received a scholarship to study in Austria.Currently， he is pursuing multiple degrees in English literature and animation. 　　For Akram， his achievements are part of a bigger goal.He has found that many people believe English is enough for global communication and he wants to change that and encourage people to learn more languages.Starting to teach at the Akram Global Languages Institute founded by his father at 14， he now conducts language workshops abroad in countries like Thailand and Indonesia.He believes that learning languages can build connections between people and dreams of translating Tamil literary masterpieces. 　　From a curious four-year-old learning alphabets in Chennai to a world record-holding polyglot， Mahmood Akram’s journey is a powerful reminder of the impact of passion and perseverance.He hopes to inspire others to value linguistic diversity.“I want to be a language professor and a role model for others.Knowing a language is a powerful way to make people feel at home， appreciate linguistic diversity and embrace their cultural identities.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。马哈茂德·阿克拉姆是一个保持世界纪录的通晓多种语言的人，他在语言学习方面满怀激情，取得了令人瞩目的成就。文章讲述了他的语言学习经历和卓越的理念。 1.What role did Akram’s father play in his language learning journey？（　　） A.Teach him to speak fluently. B.Help him set a world record. C.Send him to a language school. D.Equip him with learning methods. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，阿克拉姆的父亲在他的语言学习过程中教会了他学习方法。 2.How was Akram challenged in elementary education？（　　） A.He had a lack of resources. B.He had to drop out of school. C.He was rejected for a scholarship. D.He pursued several degrees at a time. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，阿克拉姆在小学时遇到的挑战是缺乏语言学习资源。 3.What might be Akram’s attitude towards Tamil masterpieces？（　　） A.Admiring.　 B.Dismissive. C.Critical.　 D.Thrilled. 解析：A　观点态度题。根据第五段最后一句可知，阿克拉姆对翻译泰米尔文学名著满怀激情，对泰米尔文学名著非常钦佩。 4.What can be inferred from Akram’s words？（　　） A.Learning a language requires talent. B.Inspiration serves as a motivation for life. C.Language enhances a sense of belonging. D.Passion can transform into a profession. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的make people feel at home和embracing their cultural identities可知，阿克拉姆认为语言能够增强归属感。 B 　　（2026·唐山模拟）Listen carefully to a spoken conversation and you’ll notice that the speakers use a lot of such interjections — mm-hmm， um， huh？ and the like — that don’t convey any information about the topic of the conversation itself.For many decades， linguists （语言学家） regarded such utterances as largely irrelevant noise.But recent research suggests they are essential tools for communication， helping regulate conversation flow and establish understanding between each other. 　　“Here is this phenomenon that is obvious but barely noticed，” says Mark Dingemanse， a linguist at Radboud University in the Netherlands.“The research turns out to upend our previous idea about it.” He highlights that interjections serve as “traffic signals” for interaction.For example， an um or uh from the speaker signals that they’re about to pause， but aren’t finished speaking.A quick huh ？ or what？ from the listener， on the other hand， can signal a failure of communication that the speaker needs to repair. 　　Interjections also serve as “continuers”， such as mm-hmm， which signals active listening and encourages the speaker to proceed.Because mm-hmm is made with a closed mouth， it’s clear that the signaler does not intend to speak. 　　“Continuers matter to a conversation，” says Dingemanse.In one classic experiment， 34 students listened as another volunteer told them a story.Some gave the usual “I’m listening” signals， while others — who had been instructed to count the number of words beginning with the letter T — were too distracted to do so.The lack of normal signals from the listeners led to stories that were less well-crafted.“That shows that these little words are quite consequential，” says Dingemanse. 　　And interjections also provide a window into interpersonal relationships.“These little markers say so much about what you think，” says Dingemanse.For example， “Do you want to go out for dinner？” is an invitation， and “Oh， so now you want to go out for dinner？” implies disagreement， doubt or a teasing tone. 　　These little words go right to the heart of language and what it is for.“Language exists because we need to interact with one another，” says Börstell. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言学家对像 “mm-hmm， um， huh？” 等插入语的研究，过去认为它们是无意义的噪音，现在发现它们是交流的重要工具，能调节对话流程、建立相互理解，还能反映人际关系。 5.What did the linguists think of the words like mm-hmm， um， huh？（　　） A.They were speakers’ habits. B.They were meaningless fillers. C.They were difficult to understand. D.They were irrelevant to each other. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，语言学家过去认为像“mm-hmm， um， huh？”这样的词是无意义的填充词。 6.What does the underlined word “upend” in paragraph 2 mean？（　　） A.Support.　 B.Explain. C.Simplify.　 D.Challenge. 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的But recent research suggests they are essential tools for communication可知，最近的研究表明它们是交流的重要工具，所以这项研究结果颠覆了我们之前对此的看法。upend意为“颠覆，挑战”。 7.What does the experiment prove？（　　） A.Listeners take interjections seriously. B.The storyteller prefers to use interjections. C.A smooth conversation rejects interjections. D.Absence of interjections weakens communication. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，实验证明了感叹词的缺失会削弱沟通效果。 8.What can we infer from paragraph 5？（　　） A.Interjections convey attitudes. B.Interjections are difficult to use. C.Interjections cause problems. D.Interjections are grammatically necessary. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第五段举的例子可知，感叹词能够传达态度。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2026·大连模拟）“You fight like a girl！” The boy laughed as he ran away after delivering that statement.Like a rock to a piece of glass， it 　9　 my belief that I could do anything that my male classmates could do， and my confidence 　10　 into the blackness of nonexistence. 　　Through the years， I buried those words in the depth of my memory as life 　11　 them with tasks， goals and achievements.Days melted away， and my life became a welcome movie that replayed daily but then 　12　 ran out of control as I was met with the 　13　：“You have cancer.” 　　A（n） 　14　 year of surgeries and complications （并发症） made my happy ending impossible.Then came periods of 　15　 mixed with interruptions of relapses （复发）.Several times in my life， I have 　16　 those awful words through my half-a-century 　17　.But through my faith， I never allowed them to leave me 　18　.Every incident in life becomes an opportunity to explore new paths and to 　19　 myself how strong and determined I am. 　　After one of my battles， someone asked me， “How do you keep going and not 　20　 ？” Instantly， I was taken back to that 　21　 of my youth and those hurtful words suddenly 　22　 new meaning in my heart.A smile formed upon my lips as I turned to face my friend.“I 　23　 because I FIGHT LIKE A GIRL.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位男性在面对童年言语伤害和癌症挑战时，通过信仰和内心力量重新定义自我、勇敢抗争的故事。 9.A.ruined　 B.established C.restored　 D.corrected 解析：A　根据Like a rock to a piece of glass可知，这句话对作者的打击很大，摧毁了作者的信念。 10.A.faded　 B.expanded C.flowed　 D.poured 解析：A　根据上文可知，作者的信念被摧毁，所以信心也消失了。 11.A.combined　 B.loaded C.presented　 D.replaced 解析：D　根据I buried those words in the depth of my memory可知，作者把那些话埋在记忆深处，是因为生活被其他事情取代，不再想那些话。 12.A.unhurriedly　 B.unexpectedly C.unreasonably　 D.unaffectedly 解析：B　根据ran out of control可知，作者的生活出乎意料地失控了。 13.A.lesson　 B.post C.news　 D.advice 解析：C　根据You have cancer.可知，这是作者听到的消息。 14.A.wearing　 B.promising C.amazing　 D.inspiring 解析：A　根据year of surgeries and complications可知，这一年充满了手术和并发症，是令人疲惫的。 15.A.guilt　 B.delight C.calm　 D.shame 解析：C　根据Then可知，这里承接上文，说的是病情相对平静的时期。 16.A.coined　 B.recalled C.processed　 D.spelled 解析：B　根据those awful words可知，作者回忆起那些可怕的话。 17.A.expectations　 B.dreams C.tales　 D.battles 解析：D　根据上文可知，作者自小受童年言语的伤害，所以这里说的是半个世纪的斗争。下文After one of my battles也是提示。 18.A.fearless　 B.hopeless C.speechless　 D.heartless 解析：B　根据But through my faith可知，作者有信念，所以不会让那些曾经的话使自己绝望。 19.A.warn　 B.comfort C.remind　 D.question 解析：C　根据语境可知，生活中的事情能提醒作者自己有多坚强和坚定。 20.A.get through　 B.back off C.break out　 D.hang up 解析：B　根据How do you keep going可知，这里是问作者如何坚持而不退缩 （back off）。 21.A.scene　 B.fantasy C.glory　 D.adventure 解析：A　根据of my youth可知，作者被带回到年少时的那个场景。 22.A.laid　 B.revised C.erased　 D.held 解析：D　根据new meaning in my heart可知，现在那些曾经伤人的话在作者心中有了新的意义。 23.A.withdraw　 B.respond C.survive　 D.apologize 解析：C　根据上文可知，作者经历了癌症等磨难，这里表示作者能活下来是因为自己像个女孩一样去战斗，去抗争。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2026·盐城检测）A production integrating traditional Chinese opera with Western classical music took place in London. 　　The performance with the name A Hero’s Life tells of the story of Cai Lun， 24.　　　　　　 man in China’s Eastern Han Dynasty credited with the invention of paper.It was produced by a famous Chinese theatrical figure Chen Xinyi， who has created the performance style 25.　　　　　　 （know） as “symphony poetry drama”. 　　The soundtrack （配乐）， performed by the Fidelio Orchestra， 26.　　　　　　 （compose） by Richard Strauss in the 19th century， in a style called a tone poem.It’s a single continuous movement made up of sequences similar 27.　　　　　　 chapters， as in a symphony. 　　“Cai Lun is a hero， 28.　　　　　　 invention changed civilization and advanced cultural progress.But surprisingly， he also experienced misfortune， which stimulated my sympathy — he is a super dramatic character，” Chen adds.“29.　　　　　　 （combine） a story with music written hundreds of years ago and thousands of kilometers apart seems unlikely， but the instant I heard A Hero’s Life， the pairing came together.” 　　Linking Chinese theater and Western music is a practice Chen has kept exploring for two decades， eight of her symphony poetry dramas performed 30.　　　　　　 （previous）， but this was her first performance in England. 　　“England is William Shakespeare’s home.There’s a 31.　　　　　　 （connect） between him and the great playwright Tang Xianzu， who emerged in China at the same time，” she explains.“Then Europe saw the rise of symphonic music at the same time as China saw the rise of Peking Opera.So I love to bring together these two great performance styles and London is 32.　　　　　　 I particularly desired 33.　　　　　　 （do） it.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将传统中国歌剧与西方古典音乐融合的作品《英雄生涯》在伦敦上演。该表演讲述了蔡伦的故事。 24.a　考查冠词。此处泛指一个男人，应用不定冠词，且man的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。 25.known　考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词style，动词know和名词style之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 26.was composed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处在句中作谓语，根据in the 19th century可知，句子描述过去发生的事，且主语The soundtrack和动词compose 之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，be动词应用was。 27.to　考查介词。（be） similar to为固定搭配，意为“与……相似”。 28.whose　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 hero，且关系词在从句中作定语，修饰名词invention，应用whose引导。 29.Combining　考查非谓语动词。此处是动词-ing形式作主语；置于句首，首字母大写。 30.previously　考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词performed。 31.connection　考查名词。此处应用名词connection作主语，根据a可知，应用单数。 32.where　考查名词性从句。此处引导表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导。 33.to do　考查非谓语动词。desire to do sth 为固定搭配，意为“渴望做某事”。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $