UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE(课时跟踪检测)-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习学用Word（北师大版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自然”主题，精选2026年各地模拟题，融合野火救援、冰川保护等社会热点与生态议题，覆盖阅读理解、七选五等高考核心题型，注重语言能力与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8篇（32题）|细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断、主旨归纳|以真实事件为素材，如餐厅变救援站、山毛榉生长研究，情境贴近现实| |阅读七选五|1篇（5题）|逻辑衔接、段落主旨|结合传统技术解决现代问题，如非洲集水法、泰国鸭子治虫，体现文化传承| |完形填空|1篇（15题）|语境词义、篇章连贯|讲述浣熊救助故事，渗透生命教育，考查情感态度词辨析| |语法填空|1篇（10题）|动词时态、非谓语、从句|以意大利学生中国摄影经历为背景，融合语法与文化理解|

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE 跟踪检测（一） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·江西宜春二模）Lauren and Andrew Gruel， owners of a seafood restaurant， Calico Fish House， tend to think locally.Most of their seafood is sourced from local fishermen.However， this week， their focus shifted when wildfires erupted near Los Angeles.The Gruels transformed their restaurant into a wildfire relief station， organizing the delivery of donated goods to affected communities. 　　The fires have caused significant destruction， with at least 10 deaths and thousands of structures burned.Over 180，000 people have evacuated （撤离）， with many more under evacuation warnings.“It touches at your heartstrings （心弦），” Lauren Gruel said， “you could see the smoke in the air from here， and just to think of the destruction that they’re experiencing really just breaks your soul.” 　　Calico Fish House has become a shelter for many uprooted Los Angelenos seeking safety and better air quality.Volunteers have flooded the restaurant， bringing supplies and offering their help.The restaurant was lined with boxes of clothes， food， and water， ready for distribution.“We’ve seen such an outpouring of support，” Lauren said.“We’re so thankful that people have trusted us to bring the items that they donated to where they need to go.” 　　Andrew Gruel and volunteers cooked beef and eggs to feed first responders （救援人员） and volunteers in Los Angeles.Calico Fish House also offered free meals to fire victims， with over 50 groups taking advantage of the offer.“If you need to stay here， grab a bite to eat， and figure out your next step， you’re welcome to stay，” Andrew Gruel said. 　　Alex Ordorica， a local resident， used his truck to help transport supplies.“I just thought it was going to help out.That’s what we’re raised to do，” he said.Despite the dark cloud hanging over them， the community’s spirit of unity and support has been a light of hope in these challenging times. 1.Why did the Gruels transform their local restaurant？（　　） A.To minimize destruction caused by fires. B.To donate goods to affected communities. C.To enhance the promotion of their seafood. D.To aid relief efforts in response to the wildfire. 2.What does the underlined word “uprooted” in paragraph 3 mean？（　　） A.Homeless. B.Fearless. C.Aimless. D.Sleepless. 3.What can we know about fire victims from paragraph 4？（　　） A.They all accepted the offer provided by Andrew. B.They cooked food for responders and volunteers. C.They were employed by Andrew for their clear goals. D.They were free to dine and rest at Andrew’s restaurant. 4.Which words can best describe the Gruels？（　　） A.Modest and generous. B.Thoughtful and diligent. C.Considerate and warm-hearted. D.Sympathetic and courageous. B 　　（2026·河南新乡二模）As a result of decades of man-made climate change， an increasing number of trees are suffering.So far， the European beech （山毛榉）， the most important native forest tree species in Europe， has experienced a decline in growth， primarily in southern Europe.A research team from the University of Gottingen has now demonstrated in a study that the European beech is also suffering from increased drought stress in northern Germany during the summer.This climate stress is more palpable in warmer locations， where these trees are more densely planted， and on very sandy soils. 　　Climate change is affecting forests worldwide， including those in northern Germany.Rising temperatures can lead to drought， stressing and killing trees.Changes in precipitation （降水） patterns， such as drought and extreme weather events like heavy rainfall or flooding， also impact forest health.Warmer temperatures increase the risk of pests and diseases that can damage or kill trees.Additionally， drought， extreme weather， and higher temperatures elevate the risk of forest fires. 　　The researchers chose a wide range of sites in their study， from wet to very dry， because there are very dry beech forests even in northern Germany.The scientists collected numerous wood samples at each of these locations in order to measure the tree rings in the tree trunks. 　　“We can look back over many decades and reconstruct tree growth in the past，” says Dr.Robert Weigel， a researcher in Plant Ecology and Ecosystem Research.These data were combined with those from climate stations in order to determine the relationship between climate and tree growth. 　　Research has found that the drought and high temperatures in June are key climatic factors affecting the growth of beech trees in all study areas.The drier the region， the slower the growth of trees.“These results are a warning that the European beech will also be increasingly affected by drought， not just in southern Europe， but also in many regions here in Germany，” says Weigel. 5.Why did the author mention the significance of the European beech？（　　） A.To estimate its status. B.To investigate its variety. C.To show the basis of the research. D.To prove the necessity of the research. 6.What does the underlined word “palpable” in paragraph 1 mean？（　　） A.Mysterious. B.Distinct. C.Authentic. D.Smooth. 7.What is the function of the second paragraph？（　　） A.To provide background for the European beech trees study. B.To raise a reasonable doubt about the research process. C.To present a further explanation of the research methods. D.To speculate potential application of the research findings. 8.What is the main idea of the text？（　　） A.Global warming’s impact on forest ecosystem. B.The beech’s tree ring analysis in climate research. C.Climate change’s effect on European beech trees. D.Measures to handle pests and diseases in European beech forests. C 　　（2026·福建师大附中质检）One day， I was walking across campus when I spotted one of my students sitting on a bench， her face turned toward the sun， her eyes closed.I went over and asked if I could sit with her.When I asked how she was doing， she explained that her phone had “crashed”， and she was bored. 　　The moment reminded me how deeply we’re shaped by the digital world.Our devices， including computers， smartphones and the never-ending flow of online content， keep feeding us fresh updates， training us to expect continued stimulation.We’ve become trapped in a cycle of response， as if any pause were a problem to be solved. 　　My thoughts wandered back to my childhood — those afternoons spent staring out the window， doing nothing in particular.What felt like aimless boredom was actually a retooling period when my mind needed to reset before it could rediscover joy and invention.Before I knew it， I was building models， climbing trees， or playing instruments. 　　“What are your personal interests？” I asked my student.Her eyes lit up as she showed me her amazing artwork.“Have you ever felt bored while drawing？” I asked.“Never， ” she said， though ideas didn’t always come easily.“Does that annoy you？” “No，” she responded， “because I know that something will eventually pop into my head.When it does， it’s a real rush of satisfaction.” 　　That was it.That was exactly it.She needed to walk in the desert before arriving at the oasis （绿洲）.She needed to experience a complete lack of inspiration before it struck her.This must have been what Ralph Waldo Emerson meant when he wrote， “Guard well your spare moments.They are like uncut diamonds ...Improve them and they will become the brightest gems （宝石） in a useful life.” 　　As I left， I told her the truth：“I envy you” — not for her dead device， but for the creative space it had opened. 9.What is the author’s main concern over digital devices？（　　） A.They cause unease during quiet pauses. B.They require frequent software updates. C.They often stop working without warning. D.They may replace face-to-face interaction. 10.What role did boredom play in the author’s childhood？（　　） A.It taught him to be patient. B.It gave him time to recharge. C.It developed his rich imagination. D.It helped him avoid digital distraction. 11.What can we learn from the student’s response？（　　） A.True artists never feel bored. B.Drawing requires special training. C.Inspiration comes after waiting. D.Satisfaction begins when desire ends. 12.What advice is the author implying by saying “I envy you” in the last paragraph？（　　） A.Use phone less. B.Hold tight to youth. C.Search for more treasure. D.Spare time for creativity. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2026·济南历城二中高三期末）Breakthroughs from science and technology have completely changed much of human life.13.　　 The following are some examples of traditional methods， old ideas， and ancient techniques that are helping to solve problems in the 21st century. 　　Yacouba Sawadogo， a farmer from Burkina Faso， West Africa， has led the transformation of poor， dry land into productive agricultural land.14.　　 Pits （坑） are dug in the ground， allowing water to gather in one place.Since popularizing the use of pits， Sawadogo has helped increase food production in Burkina Faso. 　　15.　　 Here deep holes are dug in places where crops are grown， enabling water to be directed precisely to places where it is needed.And the holes are covered with soil， straw and other materials to keep in as much moisture （水分） as possible. 　　And in Thailand， some farmers have avoided modern， chemical-based methods for pest control and are instead adopting the ancient method using ducks known locally as “ped lai thoong”， meaning “field chasing （追赶） ducks”.16.　 　　As for forest problems， periodic fires can be a solution.The reason is that they can clear out dead organic material， expose the forest floor to sunlight， and nourish the soil.17.　　 Researchers have found that ancient inhabitants of the Amazon region had been using fire to clear the rainforest in a carefully controlled way to limit the risk of large outbreaks. A.But this practice is nothing new. B.Ancient techniques are proving more effective， though. C.This ground-based technique is a great help to precise farming. D.He has done it thanks to an ancient way of trapping water in the soil. E.Digging holes forms an important part of agriculture in Zimbabwe， too. F.These birds are left to wander freely among fields to eat harmful insects. G.But sometimes， tried and tested ideas that have stood the test of time can still be of use. 跟踪检测（二） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·江苏南通二模）Soon after Mr and Mrs Bacchus started farming their little patch of land， they faced a major problem — a plague of birds that fed on their precious crops.Then， a man stopped on the road outside their house， and asked the couple if he could take photographs of the birds on the property.Afterwards， he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds， they should instead learn to live alongside them， and Maraksacha Reserve was born. 　　Today， the couple credit this man， the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa， with changing their lives， and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation in this region. 　　Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador， with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups.Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations， which helps explain why it’s among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity.The country is home to over 1，600 bird species — nearly double the number found in all of Europe — within an area just slightly larger than the UK. 　　As the business of birding grows， more and more farmers are switching their land from agriculture to bird reserves， benefiting not just the birds， but the country’s economy too.One notable example is the Ajila family， who have devoted themselves to preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird.On his land near Recinto， landowner Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation， replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. 　　“Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming， but that wasn’t our only motivation，” says Luis Ajila’s son.“We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird， but all the unique wildlife here， safeguarding them for future generations.” 　　Since 2005， Angel Paz has transformed his former dairy farm into a bird reserve.At first， things didn’t go to plan： it took a month for the first visitor to arrive， and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour.Since then， however， thousands of people have made the pilgrimage.“I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades， and finally watched the wildlife — and the people who visit — flourish，” Angel Paz says. 1.What advice did the photographer give to the couple？（　　） A.Photographing the birds. B.Coexisting with the birds. C.Protecting their precious crops. D.Taking care of their property. 2.What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about？（　　） A.How Ecuador is geographically unique. B.What distinguishes Ecuador’s biodiversity. C.What makes Ecuador a birding destination. D.How birding tourism is operated in Ecuador. 3.What have the Ajila family achieved？（　　） A.Helping other farmers shake off poverty. B.Combining profitability with sustainability. C.Applying new technology in modern farming. D.Changing the landscapes of their residential areas. 4.What can we learn from Angel Paz’s story？（　　） A.Well begun is half done. B.It takes time to bear fruit. C.The early bird catches the worm. D.The secret to success is adaptability. B 　　（2026·陕西安康三模）Dionisia Moreno， a 70-year-old native farmer， still remembers when Shallap River， nearly 13， 000 feet up in the Cordillera Blanca， brought clear water filled with trout （鳟鱼） to her village.“People and animals alike could drink the water without suffering，” she said.“Now the water is red.No one can drink it.” 　　At first glance， the river seems a victim of mining pollution as Peru， a major copper， silver， and gold producer， has rust-colored waters near abandoned mines.However， the real issue lies with the Cordillera Blanca’s tropical glaciers.These glaciers， a major Peruvian freshwater source， are highly temperature-sensitive.Once refilled in winter， they’ve shrunk over 40％ since 1968.Exposed rocks cause acid rock drainage （排水）， polluting water， degrading ecosystems， and damaging basic facilities. 　　To identify hot spots， Dr.Loayza and other scientists used satellite images to analyze the sunlight reflected by glacial lakes.Their model has identified 60 lakes in the Cordillera Blanca that are highly acidic.Dr.Loayza has confirmed acid rock drainage in five of the eight glacial valleys it has tested so far. 　　Meltwaters are most acidified， and most filled with heavy metals， in the high Andes， where the glaciers are actively melting.At first， the melting of the glaciers brought an abundance of water.But research has shown that waters in the Cordillera Blanca have since passed “peak water”， meaning that less water is now leaking down in the dry season.That is going to leave a large surface of minerals exposed.One peak， Pastoruri， has already outflowed so much of its ice that it no longer qualifies as a glacier.Tourists once flocked to the mountain to ski， camp and climb its slopes.Today， meltwater gathers there in reddish pools that are like open wounds. 　　Ms Moreno said she longed for the abundance of her youth， when trout could be plucked from the river， thick snow and ice covered the peaks， springs flooded from the mountainside and grasses for cattle grew waist-high.She said， “They say the glaciers will disappear， and the rivers will run red，” she said.“That’s coming true.” 5.What is the main reason for water pollution in Shallap River？（　　） A.The industrial landfills. B.The neighboring mining activities. C.The mineral reactions in rocks. D.The wide spread of animal waste. 6.Why do scientists analyze glacial lake sunlight？（　　） A.To track ice melting rates. B.To locate acidic water sources. C.To predict rainfall patterns. D.To identify pollution levels. 7.What does the change of Pastoruri peak imply？（　　） A.Tourism activities will be popular. B.More agricultural land is available. C.More mines are dug. D.The local ecosystem is damaged. 8.What does the underlined word “plucked” in the last paragraph mean？（　　） A.Caught. B.Lifted. C.Drawn. D.Removed. Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2026·四川宜宾二模）On a hot morning， a friend called me.He had found a 　9　 injured baby raccoon （浣熊）， which， just about eight weeks old， was in terrible shape.As part of my job， I was 　10　 to care for injured animals until they could be released into the wild.I had some doubt whether he would 　11　 the night.Still， I took him home， named him Trouper， and cleaned his 　12　， hoping for a miracle. 　　For four days， the raccoon didn’t move.On the fifth morning， I nearly lost 　13　.Holding him， I whispered， “Sorry.” Suddenly， he 　14　 his legs， moved his mouth weakly and shook himself — as if saying， “I’m still fighting！” That moment gave me 　15　 that he might recover. 　　Weeks later， while helping him practice walking， a sudden wind shut the door 　16　.I jumped， but Trouper didn’t 　17　.My heart sank： he was deaf.Worse， he couldn’t smell or 　18　.As someone with fading vision myself， I understood his struggle.I decided not to 　19　 him away.Together with my dog， we started a 　20　 life. 　　Now 10 years old， Trouper works as a licensed wildlife 　21　.I take him to schools and community centers to teach about respecting life.His story has been a（n） 　22　 reminder for many years： every creature 　23　 a chance. 9.（　）A.slightly B.seriously C.frequently D.purposely 10.（　）A.required B.forced C.ordered D.guided 11.（　）A.enjoy B.suffer C.survive D.fear 12.（　）A.fur B.face C.legs D.wounds 13.（　）A.temper B.interest C.hope D.courage 14.（　）A.broke B.stretched C.checked D.treated 15.（　）A.confidence B.advice C.desperation D.resolution 16.（　）A.gently B.partly C.gradually D.violently 17.（　）A.watch B.mind C.fall D.react 18.（　）A.see B.touch C.hear D.taste 19.（　）A.put B.drive C.send D.give 20.（　）A.lonely B.new C.plain D.luxury 21.（　）A.ambassador B.student C.agent D.rescuer 22.（　）A.general B.distant C.occasional D.constant 23.（　）A.seizes B.loses C.deserves D.understands Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2026·甘肃兰州三模）When Andrea Cavazzuti， an Italian student， first saw China on a map in his teenage years， he was filled with 24.　　　　　　 （curious）.He learned by chance that Chinese was taught at a university in Venice and traveled to the city 25.　　　　　　 （investigate）.Nevertheless， there was little introduction 26.　　　　　　 the program， and some people even tried to persuade him not to learn the language.But the young Cavazzuti was rebellious.“The more they discouraged me， the 27.　　　　　 I thought it was worth doing，” he said. 　　After enrolling in the program， Cavazzuti got the opportunity to take a language workshop at Nanjing University in the summer of 1981.The next year， he 28.　　　　　　 （offer） a scholarship to study contemporary Chinese literature at Fudan University， and he graduated in 1984. 　　Between 1981 and 1984， Cavazzuti took pictures of local people in over 30 cities across China， including Beijing， Shanghai， Suzhou， Qingdao， Xiamen and Sanya.29.　　　　　　 （image） of workers， farmers， hairdressers and kids were all captured by his lenses.Cavazzuti and another Italian photographer displayed their photos at an exhibition in Beijing in 1993.And 18 years later， he published his first Chinese photographic collection — At Ease， showcasing some of his black and white photos 30.　　　　　　 （take） between 1981 and 1984.“The photographic collection recorded a bygone era， 31.　　　　　　 in fact was significant to Chinese people，” Zhi An， a Chinese writer and a friend of Cavazzuti said.“Cavazzuti was interested in minute changes in Chinese society， 32.　　　　　　 （capture） ordinary people’s minor but happy moments， which may 33.　　　　　　 （ignore） by other photographers.” 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE 跟踪检测（一） Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Gruel夫妇将餐厅变为野火救援站，帮助受灾群众的故事。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中The Gruels transformed ...affected communities.可知，格鲁尔夫妇把他们的餐厅变成了一个野火救援站，目的是帮助受灾的社区。 2.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段中Over 180，000 people have evacuated， with many more under evacuation warnings.以及第三段中画线词所在句可知，许多人因为火灾而失去家园，变得无家可归，因此uprooted指的是“无家可归的”。 3.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中Calico Fish House also offered ...welcome to stay可知，火灾受害者可以在安德鲁的餐馆免费吃饭和休息。 4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中The Gruels transformed their restaurant into a wildfire relief station以及第三段中Calico Fish House has become a shelter for many uprooted Los Angelenos可推知，格鲁尔夫妇考虑周到，且充满热心。 词汇积累 ①destruction n.毁灭 ②shelter n.避难所 ③break one’s soul 使心碎 ④take advantage of 利用 ⑤outpouring （派）＝out＋pour＋-ing n.涌现 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化对欧洲山毛榉树的影响。 5.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的So far ...from increased drought stress in northern Germany during the summer.可推知，作者提到欧洲山毛榉是欧洲最重要的本土森林树种是为了证明研究的必要性。 6.B　词义猜测题。根据第一段的A research team ...during the summer.以及画线词后半句可知，这种气候压力在更温暖的地方以及沙质土壤上更为明显，由此可推出，画线词意为“明显的”。 7.A　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了气候变化对全球森林的影响，包括气温上升导致的干旱、降水模式的变化、病虫害的增加以及森林火灾风险的提高。由此可推知，这些信息为下文关于欧洲山毛榉树的研究提供了背景。 8.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了由于气候变化，越来越多的树木受到影响，特别是欧洲山毛榉，作为欧洲最重要的本土森林树种，在欧洲南部已经出现了生长衰退的现象。由此可知，本文主要谈论的是气候变化对欧洲山毛榉树的影响。 词汇积累 ①drought n.干旱 ②as a result of 由于 ③suffer from 遭受 ④a range of 一系列 ⑤suffering （派）＝suffer＋-ing n.受苦 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章叙述了作者与一名学生的校园邂逅，反思数字时代对“空白”的恐惧，指出创造力正孕育于放下电子设备的静默之中。 9.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Our devices ...as if any pause were a problem to be solved.可知，作者担忧的是数字设备让人在安静时感到不安。 10.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的My thoughts wandered back ...rediscover joy and invention.可知，童年那段无所事事的空白，实质上是大脑重启，给作者“充电”的时间。 11.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的I know ...a real rush of satisfaction可知，灵感会在耐心等待之后降临。 12.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段作者道别时所说的话可知，作者明确说明“羡慕的不是学生故障的手机，而是手机故障带来的创作空间”，可见其隐含建议是“为创造力留出时间”。 词汇积累 ①device n.设备；仪器 ②pop into 顺道去；突然想到 ③boredom （派）＝bore＋-dom n.无聊 ④inspiration （派）＝inspire＋-ation n.灵感 ⑤satisfaction （派）＝satisfy＋-action n.满足 ⑥retooling （派）＝re-＋tool＋-ing n.重新改造装备；重组；更新改造 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种能帮助解决现代耕种和森林问题的传统方法。 13.G　根据语境可知，空处与空前内容形成转折关系。故G项（但有时候，经受住了时间考验的方法仍然有用）符合语境。 14.D　根据语境可知，空处应提及Yacouba Sawadogo是如何做的，他采用了什么样的方法。D项（他能做到这一点要归功于一种将水留存在土壤中的古老方法）承上启下，符合语境。 15.E　空处位于段首，为段落主旨句。根据下文可知，本段提及的传统方法应与deep holes有关，且空处应点明Here所指的地方。E项（在津巴布韦，挖洞也是农业的重要组成部分）能够概括段落的主要内容，符合语境。 16.F　根据上文可知，空处应具体介绍这种方法，F项（这些鸭子在田野里自由地游荡，捕食害虫）符合语境。F项中的These birds指代上文中的ducks。 17.A　根据上下文可知，空处内容应是在说这种做法以前就有。A项（但这种做法并不新鲜）与上文形成转折，且与空后内容呼应，符合语境。 词汇积累 ①technology n.技术 ②region n.地区 ③clear out 清除 ④chase [熟义] v.追逐→[生义] v.驱赶 （文义） ⑤breakthrough（合）＝break＋through n.突破 ⑥outbreak （合）＝out＋break n.爆发 跟踪检测（二） Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妇和摄影师Manu Espinosa在厄瓜多尔创办了保护区，发展观鸟旅游业，同时带动其他农户将农田转变为观鸟地，这既促进了当地的旅游业又保护了环境。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中Afterwards， he suggested ...was born.可知，摄影师建议这对夫妇与鸟类共存。 2.C　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，厄瓜多尔因多样的生态系统和高海拔差异，成为全球鸟类多样性前十的国家，并吸引观鸟旅游，因此，本段主要介绍了厄瓜多尔成为观鸟目的地的核心原因。 3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中On his land ...safeguarding them for future generations.可知，Ajila家庭将农场转为保护区，既通过生态旅游获利，又致力于保护野生动物，体现经济与生态可持续性的结合。 4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中At first， things didn’t go ...Angel Paz says.可知，Angel Paz的保护区初期游客稀少且收入微薄，但经过长期坚持，最终游客增多，生态与旅游业共同繁荣，B项准确反映了这一过程，强调耐心与坚持的重要性。 词汇积累 ①devote oneself to 致力于 ②take photographs of 拍照 ③credit [熟义] n.学分→[生义] v.归功于 （文义） ④celebrated （派）＝celebrate＋-ed adj.著名的 ⑤conservationist （派）＝conserve＋-ation＋-ist n.环保主义者 ⑥wildlife （合）＝wild＋life n.野生动植物 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了秘鲁科迪勒拉布兰卡山脉的冰川融化现象及其对当地环境和居民生活的影响。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中However， the real issue ...and damaging basic facilities.可知，水污染的主要原因是岩石中的矿物反应。 6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中To identify hot spots ...that are highly acidic.可知，科学家分析冰川湖泊反射的阳光是为了确定“热点区域”，即定位酸性水源。 7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中One peak ...open wounds.以及第二段中Exposed rocks ...and damaging basic facilities.可知，Pastoruri的冰层大量消融，已不再是冰川，曾经游客云集，如今融水汇聚成红色水塘。而上文提到冰川融化导致裸露岩石引发酸性岩石排水，污染水源、破坏生态系统并损坏基础设施。由此可知，Pastoruri的变化意味着当地生态系统遭到了破坏。 8.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，Moreno女士怀念年轻时物资丰饶的时光，那时鳟鱼可以从河里“plucked”，结合语境可知，这里表达的是能从河里捕获鳟鱼。因此，plucked意为“捕获”。 词汇积累 ①glacier n.冰川 ②leak v.渗漏 ③at first glance 初看 ④abundance （派）＝abundant＋-ce n.丰富 ⑤meltwater （合）＝melt＋water n.融水 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者救助一只受伤的小浣熊Trouper，并与其共同生活的经历，以及Trouper后来成为野生动物大使的故事。 9.B　根据下文which， just about eight weeks old， was in terrible shape.以及For four days， the raccoon didn’t move.可知，这只小浣熊受伤很严重。 10.A　根据上文As part of my job可知，作为工作的一部分，作者被要求照顾受伤的动物。短语be required to do sth意为“被要求做某事”。 11.C　根据上文小浣熊was in terrible shape可知，作者担心它是否能活下来。 12.D　根据上文injured baby raccoon可知，作者为小浣熊清理伤口。 13.C　结合上文For four days， the raccoon didn’t move.可知，作者快要放弃希望。 14.B　根据下文moved his mouth weakly and shook himself可知，小浣熊动了，说明它伸展了一下腿。 15.A　根据小浣熊的反应as if saying， “I’m still fighting！”可知，作者开始有信心它能康复。 16.D　结合下文I jumped可知，门是猛然关闭的。 17.D　根据上文I jumped作者被吓到，以及but可知，此处表示Trouper却没反应。 18.A　根据下文fading vision可推断出，它的视力也出问题了。 19.C　根据下文Together with my dog ...可知，作者决定留下它。 20.B　救下并留下浣熊意味着开始了一段新的生活。 21.A　根据下文teach about respecting life可知，它成为动物保护的大使。 22.D　结合for many years表明是持续不断地提醒人们。 23.C　根据上文respecting life可知，每一个生命都值得拥有机会。 词汇积累 ①miracle n.奇迹 ②licensed adj.获准的 ③fight [熟义] v.打架→[生义] v.顽强生存，抗争 （文义） ④fading （派）＝fade＋-ing adj.渐退的 ⑤reminder （派）＝remind＋-er n.提醒……的东西 ⑥name（转）n.名字→v.命名 Ⅲ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了意大利学生 Andrea Cavazzuti 对中国的好奇心，以及他如何在中国学习中文、拍摄照片，并最终出版摄影集的故事。 24.curiosity　考查名词。空处作介词with的宾语，应用名词curiosity，意为“好奇心”，是不可数名词。故填curiosity。 25.to investigate　考查非谓语动词。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填 to investigate。 26.to　考查介词。introduction to ...意为“对……的介绍”，为固定搭配。故填 to。 27.more　考查比较级。根据空前的The more可知，此处表示“越……就越……”，应用“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构。故填more。 28.was offered　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语The next year可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语he与offer之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he， be动词用was。故填was offered。 29.Images　考查名词复数。image意为“照片”，是可数名词，根据空后的of workers， farmers， hairdressers and kids可知，此处应用复数形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填 Images。 30.taken　考查非谓语动词。空处作后置定语，修饰名词photos，且take与photos之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填taken。 31.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a bygone era，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 32.capturing　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作状语，且Cavazzuti与capture之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填capturing。 33.have been ignored　考查情态动词＋完成时的被动语态。ignore 与主语 which（指代先行词 moments）之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合 may 和语境可知，此处表示对过去事情不太确定的推测，意为“（过去）可能被……”用 may have been done 结构，空处用完成时的被动结构。故填 have been ignored。 长难句分析 译文：Cavazzuti对中国社会的细微变化感兴趣，捕捉普通人的微小但快乐的时刻，这些时刻可能被其他摄影师忽视了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $