2026年高考英语全国卷2 核心词汇（背诵版+简化背诵版+测试版） -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

2026新高考Ⅱ卷阅读词汇背诵 ——核心词汇测试版 班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________ 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 说明 1. 按阅读A/B/C/D篇目排序，包含全部单词、复合形容词、固定短语； 2. 只保留英文+词性，空白处写中文释义； 3. 文末配套完整参考答案。 一、阅读A篇词汇自测 1. diner n. ____________ 2. outstanding adj. ____________ 3. be rewarded 短语 ____________ 4. not-so-hidden-anymore adj. ____________ 5. cuisine n. ____________ 6. fine adj. ____________；v. ____________；n. ____________ 7. sure bets 短语 ____________ 8. online ordering 短语 ____________ 9. takeout n. ____________ 10. delivery n. ____________ 11. option n. ____________ 12. arguably adv. ____________ 13. a variety of 短语 ____________ 14. chef’s specials 短语 ____________ 15. call-in orders 短语 ____________ 16. pickup n. ____________ 17. spacious adj. ____________ 18. regularly adv. ____________ 19. destination n. ____________ 20. reserve v./n. ____________ 21. dog-friendly adj. ____________ 22. covered adj. ____________ 23. patio n. ____________ 24. creative adj. ____________ 25. Michelin nod 短语 ____________ 26. last seating 短语 ____________ 二、阅读B篇词汇自测 1. remarkable adj. ____________ 2. pride oneself on 短语 ____________ 3. original client 短语 ____________ 4. put down roots 短语 ____________ 5. establish homes 短语 ____________ 6. enthusiasm n. ____________ 7. signature features 短语 ____________ 8. local materials 短语 ____________ 9. paneling n. ____________ 10. custom-made adj. ____________ 11. steward n. ____________ 12. co-found v. ____________ 13. preservation n. ____________ 14. be attached to 短语 ____________ 三、阅读C篇词汇自测 1. elevation n. ____________ 2. common practice 短语 ____________ 3. readily available adj.短语 ____________ 4. wearable n. ____________ 5. reference point 短语 ____________ 6. relative adj. ____________ 7. express numerically 短语 ____________ 8. go unnoticed 短语 ____________ 9. essentially adv. ____________ 10. assumption n. ____________ 11. take shape 短语 ____________ 12. appropriately adv. ____________ 13. altimeter n. ____________ 14. vary slightly 短语 ____________ 15. sense of uncertainty 短语 ____________ 16. conceptual history 短语 ____________ 17. crucial stage 短语 ____________ 18. mirror v. ____________ 19. sea-level rise 短语 ____________ 20. urgent adj. ____________ 21. satellite n. ____________ 22. refer to 短语 ____________ 四、阅读D篇词汇自测 1. pull into 短语 ____________ 2. slide open 短语 ____________ 3. pour out 短语 ____________ 4. go about one’s daily business 短语 ____________ 5. a burst of energy 短语 ____________ 6. street level 短语 ____________ 7. charge v. ____________ 8. put together 短语 ____________ 9. a package of 短语 ____________ 10. clean energy technologies 短语 ____________ 11. go greener 短语 ____________ 12. tackle climate change 短语 ____________ 13. do one’s part 短语 ____________ 14. shift to 短语 ____________ 15. privately owned adj. ____________ 16. vehicle n. ____________ 17. whereby adv. ____________ 18. remainder n. ____________ 19. snake through 短语 ____________ 20. cable n. ____________ 21. plug-in station 短语 ____________ 22. pleasantly surprised adj.短语 ____________ 23. regenerative adj. ____________ 24. conventional adj. ____________ 25. accelerate v. ____________ 26. innovative adj. ____________ 27. recycled energy 短语 ____________ 28. redirect v. ____________ 29. boost efficiency 短语 ____________ 30. reclaimed adj. ____________ 31. mechanism n. ____________  第二部分：其他题型自测 一、七选五 词汇自测（英译汉） 1. appreciate v. ____________ 2. abstract adj. ____________ 3. represent v. ____________ 4. intention n. ____________ 5. purely adv. ____________ 6. visual adj. ____________ 7. figure out v. phrase ____________ 8. be supposed to v. phrase ____________ 9. emotional adj. ____________ 10. reaction n. ____________ 11. be open to v. phrase ____________ 12. arise v. ____________ 13. interpretation n. ____________ 14. personal adj. ____________ 15. engage with v. phrase ____________ 16. on one's own terms prep. phrase ____________ 二、完形填空 词汇自测（英译汉） 17. neighborhood n. ____________ 18. routine n. ____________ 19. fence n. ____________ 20. bark v. ____________ 21. cautiously adv. ____________ 22. wag v. ____________ 23. stroke v. ____________ 24. companionship n. ____________ 25. eventually adv. ____________ 26. elderly adj. ____________ 27. chat v./n. ____________ 28. treat n. ____________ 29. pass away v. phrase ____________ 30. heartbroken adj. ____________ 31. adopt v. ____________ 32. loyalty n. ____________ 33. waver v. ____________ 34. remind v. ____________ 35. unexpected adj. ____________ 三、语法填空 词汇自测（英译汉） 36. trace back to v. phrase ____________ 37. ancestor n. ____________ 38. board game n. phrase ____________ 39. strategy n. ____________ 40. roll v. ____________ 41. capture v. ____________ 42. opponent n. ____________ 43. popularity n. ____________ 44. eventually adv. ____________ 45. version n. ____________ 46. simplified adj. ____________ 47. remain v. ____________ 48. beloved adj. ____________ 49. cultural adj. ____________ 50. heritage n. ____________ 四、应用文写作词汇自测（汉译英） （一）建议类动词 1. 建议 ____________ 2. 推荐 ____________ 3. 提出建议 ____________ （二）自荐相关 4. 自愿；主动提出 ____________ 5. 愿意 ____________ 6. 能力；才干 ____________ （三）优势与信心 7. 优势；长处 ____________ 8. 自信的 ____________ （四）贡献与期待 9. 贡献 ____________ 10. 期待 ____________ （五）艺术绘画词汇 11. 插图 ____________ 12. 素描；绘画 ____________ 13. 视觉的 ____________ 14. 吸引人的 ____________ 15. 补充；完善 ____________ 16. 描绘；表达 ____________ （六）高级替换短语 17. 在我看来 ____________ 18. 不仅……而且…… ____________ 19. 因此；所以 ____________ 20. 尽管 ____________ 21. 为了 ____________ 五、读后续写核心词汇自测（英译汉） 1. gratitude n. ____________ 2. inspiration n. ____________ 3. bond n. ____________ 4. legacy n. ____________ 5. flip through v. phrase ____________ 6. whisper v. ____________ 7. trace v. ____________ 8. dedicate v. ____________ 9. shelves n. ____________ 10. fragrance n. ____________ 11. sunbeam n. ____________ 12. worn-out adj. ____________ 13. It wasn't until... that... 句型 ____________ 14. More than just... 短语 ____________ 15. In that moment 短语 ____________ 16. carry forward v. phrase ____________ 参考答案（对应上面自测题） A篇答案 1. 食客，用餐者 2. 杰出的，优质的 3. 收获好处，不虚此行 4. 不再小众的、家喻户晓的 5. 菜系，特色菜肴 6. adj.高档精致的；美好的；v.罚款；n.罚金 7. 必点菜品，不会出错的选择 8. 线上点餐 9. 外卖食物 10. 配送，送货 11. 可选服务，选择 12. 可以说，可以称得上 13. 各种各样的 14. 主厨特供菜品 15. 电话下单 16. 到店自提 17. 宽敞的 18. 经常性地，时常 19. 网红打卡地，目的地 20. 预订；预留 21. 允许携带狗狗的 22. 有遮蔽的 23. 户外露台 24. 创意十足的 25. 米其林提名 26. 最后一轮入场点餐时段 B篇答案 1. 状态极佳的，非凡的 2. 为……引以为傲 3. 初代老客户 4. 安家、扎根定居 5. 安家定居 6. 热情，热忱 7. 标志性设计特色 8. 本地建材 9. 木质镶板 10. 定制的 11. 守护者，管家 12. 联合创立 13. 保护，留存 14. 深爱，眷恋 C篇答案 1. 海拔，高度 2. 惯例，普遍做法 3. 随手可得的，易获取的 4. 可穿戴设备 5. 参照基准，参考点 6. 相对的 7. 用数字量化表达 8. 被忽视，无人留意 9. 基本上，本质上 10. 固有观念，假设 11. 成型，初具雏形 12. 恰当地，合适地 13. 测高仪，高度计 14. 略有差异 15. 不确定感 16. 概念发展史 17. 关键阶段 18. 反映，映照 19. 海平面上升 20. 紧迫的，急需关注的 21. 卫星 22. 指代 D篇答案 1. （车辆）驶入（车站） 2. 滑开 3. 大量涌出 4. 忙于日常琐事，照常生活 5. 一股电能、一阵能量 6. 地面层，街道层面 7. 充电；收费 8. 整合，打造 9. 一整套，一系列 10. 清洁能源技术 11. 走向环保，绿色转型 12. 应对气候变化 13. 尽自己一份力 14. 转向，转型 15. 私有的 16. 交通工具，车辆 17. 借此，通过这种方式 18. 剩余部分 19. 蜿蜒穿行 20. 电缆 21. 充电桩 22. 惊喜不已 23. 再生的，回收利用的 24. 传统的，常规的 25. 加速 26. 创新的 27. 再生能源 28. 重新输送、重新调配 29. 提升能效 30. 回收的 31. 工作原理，机制 第二部分完整参考答案 一、七选五答案 1. 欣赏；感激 2. 抽象的 3. 代表；描绘 4. 意图，目的 5. 纯粹地，完全地 6. 视觉的 7. 弄明白，理解 8. 应该，被期望 9. 情感的，情绪的 10. 反应 11. 愿意接受，对……开放 12. 出现，发生 13. 解释，阐释 14. 个人的，私人的 15. 参与，投入 16. 按照自己的条件/方式 二、完形填空答案 17. 街区，社区 18. 惯例，常规 19. 栅栏，篱笆 20. （狗）吠叫 21. 谨慎地，小心地 22. （尾巴）摇摆 23. 抚摸 24. 陪伴，友谊 25. 最终，最后 26. 年老的，上了年纪的 27. 聊天，闲谈 28. （宠物）零食；款待 29. 去世 30. 心碎的，极度悲伤的 31. 采纳；收养 32. 忠诚，忠心 33. 动摇，犹豫 34. 提醒；使想起 35. 意想不到的，出乎意料的 三、语法填空答案 36. 追溯到 37. 祖先 38. 棋盘游戏 39. 策略，战略 40. 滚动；掷（骰子） 41. 捕获；（棋类）吃掉棋子 42. 对手，敌手 43. 普及，流行 44. 最终，最后 45. 版本 46. 简化的 47. 仍然是；留下 48. 深受喜爱的，心爱的 49. 文化的 50. 遗产 四、应用文写作（汉译英）答案 1. suggest / propose 2. recommend 3. put forward the suggestion 4. volunteer / offer one's service 5. be willing to / would like to 6. ability / talent / proficiency 7. advantage / strength 8. confident 9. contribute / make a contribution 10. look forward to / be eager to 11. illustration 12. sketching / drawing 13. visual / aesthetic 14. appealing / attractive / eye-catching 15. complement / supplement 16. depict / express / convey / represent 17. From my perspective / I believe that 18. not only...but also... 19. therefore / thus / as a result 20. although / despite the fact that 21. in order to / for the purpose of 五、读后续写答案 1. 感激 2. 灵感 3. 纽带，联系 4. （精神）遗产 5. 快速翻阅 6. 低语，耳语 7. 追溯；描摹 8. 奉献；题献（书籍） 9. 书架 10. 香气 11. 阳光光束 12. 破旧的，用旧的 13. 直到……才…… 14. 不仅仅是…… 15. 在那一刻 16. 发扬，传承 $ 2026全国卷Ⅱ——核心词汇背诵版（简洁版） 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 阅读理解A篇 1. diner n. 食客 The D. C. area is home to many outstanding Chinese restaurants, but diners willing to travel outside the city limits will also be rewarded. 2. outstanding adj. 优质杰出的 3. be rewarded 短语 收获好处 4. not-so-hidden-anymore adj. 家喻户晓的 This not-so-hidden-anymore fine restaurant for Sichuan cuisine is inside the Days Inn off New York Avenue. 5. cuisine n. 菜系 6. fine adj. 高档的；v. 罚款；n. 罚金 7. sure bets 短语 必点菜品 Dandan noodles and mapo tofu are sure bets. 8. online ordering 短语 线上点餐 Panda Gourmet offers online ordering for takeout, and delivery is now an option. 9. takeout n. 外卖 10. delivery n. 配送 11. option n. 选择 12. arguably adv. 可以称得上 Shanghai Taste offers arguably the best soup dumplings in the area. 13. a variety of 短语 各种各样的 It also serves a variety of chef's specials, beef with rice cakes, and more. 14. chef’s specials 短语 主厨特色菜 15. call-in orders 短语 电话下单 offering call-in orders and pickups. 16. pickup n. 自提 Customers can also place pickup orders online for lunch or dinner until 8: 00pm six days a week. 17. spacious adj. 宽敞的 The spacious dining room is regularly filled with customers enjoying dumplings and a variety of noodle and rice dishes. 18. regularly adv. 时常 19. destination n. 打卡地 This nice Cantonese restaurant in Columbia Heights quickly became a destination for chef Henji Cheung's Hong Kong-style cooking... 20. reserve v./n. 预订 Reserve a spot indoors, at its chef's counter, or covered dog-friendly patio. 21. dog-friendly adj. 允许带宠物的 22. covered adj. 有遮蔽的 23. patio n. 露台 24. creative adj. 创意的 with creative wine tastings in the mix. 25. Michelin nod 短语 米其林提名 co-owner Sarah Thompson's natural wine list that earned her a Michelin nod. 26. last seating 短语 最后点餐时段 Friday and Saturday 5: 00pm-9: 30pm (last seating). 阅读理解B篇 1. remarkable adj. 状态极好的 Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. 2. pride oneself on 短语 为…自豪 But that's not the thing he prides himself on. 3. original client 短语 初代老客户 I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me. 4. put down roots 短语 安家扎根 Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. 5. establish homes 短语 安家 they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who'd already established homes there that they decided to join. 6. enthusiasm n. 热情 7. signature features 短语 标志性设计 The house has signature Wright features. 8. local materials 短语 本地建材 It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. 9. paneling n. 木镶板 10. custom-made adj. 定制的 11. steward n. 守护者 Reisley said he's tried his best to be a good steward not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. 12. co-found v. 联合创立 He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy. 13. preservation n. 保护 14. be attached to 短语 眷恋深爱 He is very attached to Wright buildings. 阅读理解C篇 1. elevation n. 海拔 It is common practice to provide the elevation of a place. 2. common practice 短语 通用惯例 3. readily available adj. 随手可得的 Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. 4. wearable n. 可穿戴设备 5. reference point 短语 参照基准 But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. 6. relative adj. 相对的 7. express numerically 短语 用数字量化 8. go unnoticed 短语 被忽视 The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed. 9. essentially adv. 本质上 10. assumption n. 固有认知 We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. 11. take shape 短语 成型 Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. 12. appropriately adv. 恰当地 13. altimeter n. 测高仪 we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters. 14. vary slightly 短语 略有差异 Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? 15. sense of uncertainty 短语 不确定感 This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. 16. conceptual history 短语 概念发展史 This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. 17. crucial stage 短语 关键阶段 In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. 18. mirror v. 反映 These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. 19. sea-level rise 短语 海平面上升 the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent 20. urgent adj. 紧迫的 21. satellite n. 卫星 22. refer to 短语 指代 What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph? 阅读理解D篇 1. pull into 短语 （车辆）驶入 The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. 2. slide open 短语 滑开 3. pour out 短语 大量涌出 4. go about one’s daily business 短语 忙于日常琐事 5. a burst of energy 短语 一股电能 Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. 6. street level 短语 地面层 7. charge v. 充电；收费 8. put together 短语 整合打造 Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener. 9. a package of 短语 一整套 10. clean energy technologies 短语 清洁能源技术 11. go greener 短语 绿色转型 12. tackle climate change 短语 应对气候变化 while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. 13. do one’s part 短语 尽一份力 14. shift to 短语 转向转型 15. privately owned adj. 私有的 16. vehicle n. 交通工具 17. whereby adv. 借此 Sixteen stations of Barcelona's subway system are part of its new Metro Charge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains' brakes is used to power the trains and the stations themselves. 18. remainder n. 剩余部分 while the remainder is sent snaking through cables to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. 19. snake through 短语 蜿蜒穿行 20. cable n. 电缆 21. plug-in station 短语 充电桩 22. pleasantly surprised adj. 惊喜的 “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in. 23. regenerative adj. 再生的 Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. 24. conventional adj. 传统的 They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. 25. accelerate v. 加速 26. innovative adj. 创新的 Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses. 27. recycled energy 短语 再生能源 28. redirect v. 重新调配 29. boost efficiency 短语 提升能效 That, he said, boosts efficiency. 30. reclaimed adj. 回收的 31. mechanism n. 工作原理 七选五（欣赏艺术） 1. appreciate v. 欣赏；感激 It's a question many of us ask when we are faced with an abstract painting that we don't understand: how do I appreciate this? 2. abstract adj. 抽象的 ...an abstract painting that we don't understand... 3. represent v. 代表；描绘 ...the painting is not intended to represent anything in the real world. 4. intention n. 意图 The intention is to create an experience that is purely visual. 5. purely adv. 纯粹地 ...an experience that is purely visual. 6. visual adj. 视觉的 7. figure out 短语 弄明白 ...rather than trying to figure out what it's “supposed” to be. 8. be supposed to 短语 应该 ...what it's supposed to be. 9. emotional adj. 情感的 ...allow yourself to have an emotional reaction to it. 10. reaction n. 反应 ...have an emotional reaction to it. 11. be open to 短语 愿意接纳 Be open to whatever feelings arise. 12. arise v. 出现 13. interpretation n. 解读 There is no right or wrong interpretation. 14. personal adj. 个人的 Art is a personal experience. 15. engage with 短语 投入参与 ...the most important thing is to engage with the artwork on your own terms. 16. on one’s own terms 短语 按自己的方式 完形填空（人与宠物友谊） 17. neighborhood n. 社区 When I moved into my new neighborhood, I didn't know anyone. 18. routine n. 日常惯例 My daily routine included walking to the local cafe. 19. fence n. 栅栏 Behind a white fence, a big dog would bark excitedly. 20. bark v. （狗）吠叫 21. cautiously adv. 谨慎地 I approached cautiously, not sure how he would react. 22. wag v. （尾巴）摇摆 To my surprise, his tail started to wag. 23. stroke v. 抚摸 I reached out and stroked his head. 24. companionship n. 陪伴 That simple act of companionship meant a lot to me. 25. eventually adv. 最终 Eventually, I met his owner, an elderly woman named Mrs. Green. 26. elderly adj. 年长的 27. chat v./n. 闲谈 We would chat while Buddy enjoyed his treats. 28. treat n. 宠物零食 29. pass away 短语 去世 When Mrs. Green passed away, I was heartbroken for Buddy. 30. heartbroken adj. 心碎的 31. adopt v. 收养；采纳 I knew I had to adopt him. 32. loyalty n. 忠诚 Buddy's loyalty never wavered. 33. waver v. 动摇 34. remind v. 提醒 He reminds me that friendship can be found in the most unexpected places. 35. unexpected adj. 意想不到的 语法填空（古印度棋盘游戏） 36. trace back to 短语 追溯到 The game can trace back to ancient India. 37. ancestor n. 祖先 It is considered the ancestor of many modern board games. 38. board game 短语 棋盘游戏 39. strategy n. 策略 The game requires both luck and strategy. 40. roll v. 滚动；掷骰子 Players roll dice to move their pieces around the board. 41. capture v. 捕获；吃掉棋子 The goal is to capture your opponents' pieces... 42. opponent n. 对手 43. popularity n. 流行 The game's popularity spread to other parts of the world. 44. eventually adv. 最终 It eventually reached Europe in the 19th century. 45. version n. 版本 A simplified version became known as “Ludo” in England. 46. simplified adj. 简化的 47. remain v. 仍然是 Today, Pachisi remains a beloved game in India. 48. beloved adj. 深受喜爱的 49. cultural adj. 文化的 It is also an important part of India's cultural heritage. 50. heritage n. 遗产 应用文功能词块 suggest, propose, recommend, volunteer, ability, talent, advantage, confident, contribute, look forward to, illustration, sketch, visual, appealing, complement, depict, From my perspective, not only...but also, therefore, although, in order to 读后续写核心词汇 情感关系 1. gratitude n. 感激 2. inspiration n. 灵感 3. bond n. 纽带 4. legacy n. 精神遗产 动作描写 5. flip through 短语 快速翻阅 6. whisper v. 低语 7. trace v. 描摹；追溯 8. dedicate v. 题献；奉献 环境细节 9. shelves n. 书架 10. fragrance n. 香气 11. sunbeam n. 阳光束 12. worn-out adj. 破旧的 高级句型短语 13. It wasn't until...that... 直到…才 14. More than just... 不仅仅 15. In that moment 在那一刻 16. carry forward 短语 传承发扬 $ 2026全国卷Ⅱ——核心词汇背诵版 编写说明 本资料整理自2026高考全国卷Ⅱ词汇，分为第一部分四篇阅读理解，第二部分的其他题型在内的，覆盖正文、题干、所有选项重难点词汇、短语，区分熟词生义、合成词、派生词、固定搭配，配套高考原文原句、精准翻译、用法拓展及写作例句，适合高三一轮词汇专项复习、课堂精讲、课后背诵使用。资料结合日常教学经验标注学生高频易错点，方便师生使用。 1. 交通类同义互换（C/D篇出现 metro / subway） 1. subway = metro = underground n. 地铁 2. vehicle = transport n. 交通工具 3. station = stop n. 车站 4. brake v. 刹车；braking n. 制动 5. plug-in station = charging point 充电桩 2. 环保能源类同义互换（D篇核心考点） 1. clean energy = green energy 清洁能源 2. go greener = become environmentally friendly 走向环保、绿色转型 3. recycled energy = reclaimed energy 再生能源 4. tackle climate change 应对气候变化 5. energy transition 能源转型 3. 预定/下单类同义互换（A篇广告高频） 1. online ordering / online pickup orders 线上下单 2. call-in orders = phone orders 电话下单 3. takeout delivery 外卖配送 4. reserve = book v. 预订 第一部分：阅读理解 A篇 应用文（华盛顿特区周边最佳中餐馆） 本篇为餐馆介绍类应用文，词汇偏向餐饮、服务、营业时间等生活场景表达，短语实用性强，是高考应用文常考词汇范畴。 1. diner | n. | 食客，用餐者 构词：dine v. 用餐 + -er 表人 同义：customer, guest 搭配：restaurant diners 餐厅食客 【原句】The D. C. area is home to many outstanding Chinese restaurants, but diners willing to travel outside the city limits will also be rewarded. 译：华盛顿特区有许多优质中餐馆，愿意出城就餐的食客也能收获惊喜。 2. outstanding | adj. | 杰出的，优质的 构词：out（超出）+ stand（站立）+ -ing 同义：excellent, high-quality 反义：ordinary, average 搭配：outstanding restaurants 优质餐馆 3. be rewarded | 短语 | 收获好处，不虚此行 词根：reward n. 回报 v. 奖赏 同义：gain benefits 【原句】同上 4. not-so-hidden-anymore | 复合形容词 | 不再小众的、家喻户晓的 构词：not + so + hidden(hide过去分词) + anymore 同义：well-known, popular 【原句】This not-so-hidden-anymore fine restaurant for Sichuan cuisine is inside the Days Inn off New York Avenue. 译：这家不再鲜为人知的精品川菜馆坐落于纽约大道旁的戴斯酒店内。 5. cuisine | n. | 菜系，特色菜肴 词源：法语外来词，无常规词缀 同义：dish, food style 搭配：Sichuan cuisine 川菜；Cantonese cuisine 粤菜 【原句】同上 6. fine | adj. | ①高档精致的 ②美好的；v. 罚款 n. 罚金（一词多义） 同义：elegant, high-class 搭配：fine restaurant 高档餐厅 7. sure bets | 名词短语 | 必点菜品，不会出错的选择 【原句】Dandan noodles and mapo tofu are sure bets. 译：担担面和麻婆豆腐是必点招牌。 8. online ordering | n.短语 | 线上点餐 同义：online orders 搭配：offer online ordering 支持线上点单 【原句】Panda Gourmet offers online ordering for takeout, and delivery is now an option. 译：熊猫美食支持线上点外卖，如今也提供配送服务。 9. takeout | n. | 外卖食物 构词：take+out 合成名词 同义：takeaway（英式） 搭配：takeout food 外卖 10. delivery | n. | 配送，送货 词根：deliver v. 递送 + -y名词后缀 搭配：food delivery 食品配送；delivery service 配送服务 【原句】同上 11. option | n. | 可选服务，选择 词根：opt v. 选择 + -ion名词后缀 同义：choice, alternative 【原句】同上 12. arguably | adv. | 可以说，可以称得上 词根：argue v. 争论 + -able + -ly副词后缀 【原句】Shanghai Taste offers arguably the best soup dumplings in the area. 译：上海味道可以说是这片区域汤包做得最好的店。 13. a variety of | 短语 | 各种各样的 同义：various, all kinds of 搭配：a variety of dishes 各类菜品 【原句】It also serves a variety of chef's specials, beef with rice cakes, and more. 译：店里还供应多款主厨特色菜，年糕牛肉等菜品。 14. chef’s specials | n.短语 | 主厨特供菜品 搭配：daily specials 每日特供 15. call-in orders | n.短语 | 电话下单 同义：phone orders 【原句】offering call-in orders and pickups. 译：支持电话下单、到店自取。 16. pickup | n. | 到店自提 构词：pick+up 合成名词 搭配：pickup orders 自提订单 【原句】Customers can also place pickup orders online for lunch or dinner until 8: 00pm six days a week. 译：顾客也可线上预约午晚餐自提，每周营业六天，最晚晚八点下单。 17. spacious | adj. | 宽敞的 词根：space n. 空间 + -ious形容词后缀 同义：roomy, wide 【原句】The spacious dining room is regularly filled with customers enjoying dumplings and a variety of noodle and rice dishes. 译：宽敞的餐厅里常常坐满食客，大家享用饺子、各类米面主食。 18. regularly | adv. | 经常性地，时常 词根：regular adj. 常规的 + -ly副词后缀 同义：frequently 19. destination | n. | 网红打卡地，目的地 词根：destine v. 注定 + -ation名词后缀 【原句】This nice Cantonese restaurant in Columbia Heights quickly became a destination for chef Henji Cheung's Hong Kong-style cooking... 译：这家位于哥伦比亚高地的粤菜馆迅速成为热门打卡地，这里有张恒基主厨的港式菜品…… 20. reserve | v./n. | 预订；预留 同义：book 搭配：reserve a spot 预订座位 【原句】Reserve a spot indoors, at its chef's counter, or covered dog-friendly patio. 译：你可以预订室内座位、厨师吧台位，或是带遮棚、允许携宠物的露台。 21. dog-friendly | 复合adj. | 允许携带狗狗的 构词：dog + friendly（友好的） 反义：no-pet 禁止宠物入内 【原句】同上 22. covered | adj. | 有遮蔽的 词根：cover v. 遮盖 + -ed形容词后缀 【原句】同上 23. patio | n. | 户外露台 同义：terrace 【原句】同上 24. creative | adj. | 创意十足的 词根：create v. 创造 + -ive形容词后缀 搭配：creative wine tastings 创意品酒活动 【原句】with creative wine tastings in the mix. 译：店内还推出多款创意品酒体验。 25. Michelin nod | n.短语 | 米其林提名 熟词生义：nod 本义“点头”，文中引申“认可、提名” 【原句】co-owner Sarah Thompson's natural wine list that earned her a Michelin nod. 译：联合店主萨拉·汤普森打造的天然酒单，让她获得米其林提名。 26. last seating | n.短语 | 最后一轮入场点餐时段 【原句】Friday and Saturday 5: 00pm-9: 30pm (last seating). 译：周五、周六下午5点至晚上9点半，为最后一轮点餐入场时间。 A篇重点长难句 This nice Cantonese restaurant in Columbia Heights quickly became a destination for chef Henji Cheung's Hong Kong-style cooking and co-owner Sarah Thompson's natural wine list that earned her a Michelin nod. 句式拆解：主干restaurant became a destination；that引导定语从句修饰wine list 翻译：这家坐落于哥伦比亚高地的粤菜馆迅速成为热门打卡去处，店内既有张恒基主厨地道的港式菜品，还有联合店主萨拉·汤普森打造的天然酒单，这份酒单更是为她拿下米其林提名。 B篇 记叙文（百岁老人与建筑师赖特设计的房子） 本篇为人物故事类记叙文，涉及建筑、社区、历史保护等话题，词汇有一定专业性，多考查语境理解和熟词生义。 1. remarkable | adj. | 状态极佳的，非凡的 词根：mark n. 标记 + re-强调 + -able 同义：extraordinary, excellent 【原句】Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. 译：罗兰·雷斯利五月年满101岁，身体状况格外好。 2. pride oneself on | 短语 | 为……引以为傲 【原句】But that's not the thing he prides himself on. 译：但这并不是他最引以为傲的事。 3. original client | n.短语 | 初代老客户 搭配：regular client 常客 【原句】I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me. 译：我是弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特仅剩在世的初代客户，至今仍住在他为我设计的房子里。 4. put down roots | 固定短语 | 安家、扎根定居 【原句】Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. 译：1951年时，雷斯利年仅26岁，新婚不久，准备安家落户。 5. establish homes | 短语 | 安家定居 同义：settle down 【原句】they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who'd already established homes there that they decided to join. 译：当地十户已经安家的居民热情接待了他们，于是二人决定定居于此。 6. enthusiasm | n. | 热情，热忱 词根：enthuse v. 热衷 + -iasm名词后缀 同义：warmth, passion 7. signature features | n.短语 | 标志性设计特色 【原句】The house has signature Wright features. 译：这栋房屋拥有赖特建筑标志性设计。 8. local materials | 短语 | 本地建材 【原句】It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. 译：房屋采用本地建材建造，平顶设计，搭配木镶板、水泥地面与定制家具。 9. paneling | n. | 木质镶板 词根：panel n. 镶板 + -ing名词后缀 10. custom-made | 复合adj. | 定制的 构词：custom（定制）+ made（制作） 同义：tailor-made 11. steward | n. | 守护者，管家 【原句】Reisley said he's tried his best to be a good steward not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. 译：雷斯利说，他尽全力当好守护者，不仅守护自己居住的这栋赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品。 12. co-found | v. | 联合创立 构词：co-共同 + found 创建 名词形式：co-founder 联合创始人 【原句】He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy. 译：他联合创立了弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特建筑保护协会。 13. preservation | n. | 保护，留存 词根：preserve v. 保护 + -ation名词后缀 搭配：the preservation of historic buildings 古建筑保护 14. be attached to | 短语 | 深爱，眷恋 同义：be devoted to 【原句】He is very attached to Wright buildings. 译：他深深眷恋赖特设计的建筑。 B篇长难句 He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings. 句式拆解：an organization作同位语，解释协会；engaged in过去分词作后置定语 翻译：他联合创立了弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特建筑保护协会，该组织致力于留存赖特现存的全部建筑作品。 C篇 说明文（海拔高度与海平面的概念史） 本篇为科普类说明文，涉及地理、测量、科学史等概念，词汇学术性较强，多考查词义理解和指代关系。 1. elevation | n. | 海拔，高度 词根：elevate v. 抬高 + -ion名词后缀 同义：height, altitude 【原句】It is common practice to provide the elevation of a place. 译：标注一处地点的海拔是通用惯例。 2. common practice | 固定短语 | 惯例，普遍做法 同义：common rule 3. readily available | adj.短语 | 随手可得的，易获取的 【原句】Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. 译：手机、可穿戴设备上随时能查看简易高度数值。 wearable | n.（复数wearables）| 可穿戴设备 4. 构词：wear v. 穿戴 + -able可……的，此处名词化 搭配：wearable devices 可穿戴设备 5. reference point | n.短语 | 参照基准，参考点 【原句】But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. 译：但海拔本身具有相对性：只有选定参照基准，我们才能用数字标注物体或地点的高度。 6. relative | adj. | 相对的 反义：absolute 绝对的 7. express numerically | 短语 | 用数字量化表达 词根：numerical adj. 数字的（number n.数字） 8. go unnoticed | 短语 | 被忽视，无人留意 【原句】The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed. 译：以海平面作为海拔参照的概念由来已久，几乎没人会特意留意背后的逻辑。 9. essentially | adv. | 基本上，本质上 词根：essential adj. 核心的 + -ly 10. assumption | n. | 固有观念，假设 词根：assume v. 假定 + -tion名词后缀 搭配：cultural assumption 文化固有认知 【原句】We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. 译：我们常会忽略，海平面这一概念是技术、文化双重固有认知共同形成的产物。 11. take shape | 固定短语 | 成型，初具雏形 【原句】Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. 译：恰如其分的是，这本书的构思成型于一段山海之间的夏日时光。 12. appropriately | adv. | 恰当地，合适地 词根：appropriate adj. 合适的 + -ly 13. altimeter | n. | 测高仪，高度计 构词：alti-(高度) + meter(测量仪器) 【原句】we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters. 译：我们聊起测高仪显示的数值。 14. vary slightly | 短语 | 略有差异 同义：differ a little 【原句】Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? 译：为什么不同仪器测出的数值会存在细微差别？ 15. sense of uncertainty | n.短语 | 不确定感 词根：certain adj. 确定的；uncertain 不确定的 【原句】This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. 译：这种不确定感促使我去思考“零高度”的含义。 16. conceptual history | n.短语 | 概念发展史 词根：concept n. 概念 + -ual形容词后缀 【原句】This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. 译：这便是我开启海平面概念发展史研究的契机。 17. crucial stage | n.短语 | 关键阶段 同义：key period 【原句】In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. 译：书中我梳理了平均海平面发展史上三个关键阶段。 18. mirror | v. | 反映，映照（熟词生义，名词本义镜子） 【原句】These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. 译：这几个阶段折射出人类对海洋认知的演变过程。 19. sea-level rise | n.短语 | 海平面上升 【原句】the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent 译：海平面上升这一问题，以及从历史维度研究它的需求愈发迫切。 20. urgent | adj. | 紧迫的，急需关注的 同义：pressing 21. satellite | n. | 卫星 搭配：satellite data 卫星监测数据 22. refer to | 短语 | 指代（代词指代题核心考点） 【原句】What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph? 译：最后一段划线单词it指代什么？ C篇长难句 But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. 句式拆解：冒号后为完整解释句，express numerically为状语后置 翻译：但海拔本身具备相对性：只有选定参照基准，我们才能用数字量化标注物体或地点的高度。 D篇 说明文（巴塞罗那地铁回收制动能量为电动汽车充电） 本篇为科技环保类说明文，涉及能源、交通、创新技术等话题，包含一些技术术语和固定搭配。 一、完整词汇精讲 1. pull into | 短语 | （车辆）驶入（车站） 【原句】The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. 译：巴塞罗那地铁驶入站台，车门缓缓滑开，乘客涌出车厢，各自奔赴日常。 2. slide open | 短语 | 滑开 词根：slide v. 滑动 3. pour out | 短语 | 大量涌出 同义：stream out 4. go about one’s daily business | 固定短语 | 忙于日常琐事，照常生活 【原句】同上 5. a burst of energy | n.短语 | 一股电能、一阵能量 【原句】Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. 译：他们不知道，列车刹车产生的电能会输送至地面，用来给电动汽车充电。 6. street level | n.短语 | 地面层，街道层面 7. charge | v. | 充电；收费（一词多义） 搭配：charge electric car 给电车充电 8. put together | 短语 | 整合，打造 【原句】Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener. 译：巴塞罗那整合了一套清洁能源技术，助力公共交通绿色转型。 9. a package of | 短语 | 一整套，一系列 10. clean energy technologies | 短语 | 清洁能源技术（同义：green energy） 11. go greener | 短语 | 走向环保，绿色转型 同义：become environmentally friendly 12. tackle climate change | 固定短语 | 应对气候变化 tackle v. 处理、应对（难题） 【原句】while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. 译：同时助力应对气候变化，推动欧洲向私家车电动化市场艰难转型。 13.do one’s part | 短语 | 尽自己一份力 14. shift to | 短语 | 转向，转型 15. privately owned | 复合adj. | 私有的 构词：private私人的 + owned 拥有的 16. vehicle | n. | 交通工具，车辆（同义metro/subway） 17. whereby | adv. | 借此，通过这种方式（长难句高频连词） 【原句】Sixteen stations of Barcelona's subway system are part of its new Metro Charge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains' brakes is used to power the trains and the stations themselves. 译：巴塞罗那地铁16座站点参与全新地铁充电项目，借助该项目，地铁刹车产生的电能可供给列车与站点自用。 18. remainder | n. | 剩余部分 同义：the rest 【原句】while the remainder is sent snaking through cables to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. 译：多余电能顺着电缆蜿蜒输送至地面，为私家电动汽车充电桩供电。 19. snake through | 短语 | 蜿蜒穿行 20. cable | n. | 电缆 21. plug-in station | n.短语 | 充电桩（同义charging point） 22. pleasantly surprised | adj.短语 | 惊喜不已 【原句】“I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in, "Espinoza said. 译：工程师埃斯皮诺萨表示：“我特别惊喜，我总在到处找充电桩。” 23. regenerative | adj. | 再生的，回收利用的 构词：re-再 + gener-产生 + -ative形容词后缀 搭配：regenerative brakes 再生制动系统 【原句】Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. 译：再生制动系统已在地铁使用数十年，部分私家车也配备该装置。 24. conventional | adj. | 传统的，常规的 反义：innovative 创新的 搭配：conventional brakes 传统刹车 【原句】They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. 译：系统内置电机，能够收集刹车动能；传统刹车会将这部分能量以热量形式损耗。 25. accelerate | v. | 加速 词根：celer-快速 + ac-加强 + -ate动词后缀 同义：speed up 26. innovative | adj. | 创新的 词根：innovate v. 创新 + -ive 【原句】Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses. 译：电气工程教授阿尔瓦罗·卢纳表示，这套系统的创新之处在于，可将回收电能重新调配供给本地特定用途。 27. recycled energy | 再生能源（同义reclaimed energy） 28. redirect | v. | 重新输送、重新调配 构词：re-重新 + direct 指引 29. boost efficiency | 短语 | 提升能效 【原句】That, he said, boosts efficiency. 译：他称这一设计大幅提升能源利用效率。 30. reclaimed | adj. | 回收的（阅读35题选项生词） 同义：recycled 31. mechanism | n. | 工作原理，机制（34题选项词） 【原句】What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? Their working mechanism. 译：第五段讨论再生刹车的哪一方面？工作原理。 D篇重点长难句 Sixteen stations of Barcelona's subway system are part of its new Metro Charge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains' brakes is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. 句式拆解：whereby引导方式定语从句；while引导并列对比句 翻译：巴塞罗那地铁系统的16座站点纳入全新“地铁充电”项目，借助这套系统，地铁刹车产生的电能可供给列车与站点自身使用，多余电能则顺着电缆蜿蜒输送至地面，为私家电动汽车充电桩供电。 二、D篇全文完整中英对照翻译（含题干+选项翻译） 原文+翻译 The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car. 巴塞罗那地铁驶入站台，车门缓缓滑开，乘客涌出车厢，各自奔赴日常。他们并不知道，列车刹车时产生的电能会输送至地面，用来给电动汽车充电。 Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market. 巴塞罗那整合了一整套清洁能源技术，助力公共交通实现绿色转型；同时主动应对气候变化，推动欧洲艰难向私家电动汽车市场转型。 Sixteen stations of Barcelona's subway system are part of its new Metro Charge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains' brakes is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. 巴塞罗那地铁16座站点参与全新地铁充电项目，借助该项目，地铁刹车产生的电能优先供给列车、站点自用，多余电能顺着电缆蜿蜒输送到地面，为私家电动汽车充电桩供电。 Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in, "Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains' brakes, then even better. " 工程师贝尔纳多·埃斯皮诺萨每天乘坐地铁，本人也开电动汽车。他在巴塞罗那南部工薪街区等地铁时说道：“这个设计让我特别惊喜，我平时总到处找充电桩；如果电力来自地铁刹车回收的能量，那就再好不过了。” Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers. 再生制动系统已在地铁应用数十年，部分家用汽车也配备该装置。系统内置电机，可收集刹车过程中产生的动能；传统刹车会将这部分能量以热量形式白白损耗。回收的电能可立刻用于列车加速，而巴塞罗那地铁系统则会将多余电能通过电缆输送，供给站点与地面充电桩。 Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses-in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he said, boosts efficiency. 电气工程教授阿尔瓦罗·卢纳表示，这套系统的创新核心是可将回收电能重新调配供给本地特定用途——此处即供给周边停放的电动汽车充电。他称该设计大幅提升能源利用效率。 D篇题干+选项完整翻译 32. Why does Barcelona launch the Metro Charge project? 巴塞罗那为何推出地铁充电项目？ A. To fuel the city's economy. 拉动城市经济 B. To enhance passengers' experience. 提升乘客出行体验 C. To promote green transportation. 推广绿色交通 D. To raise the quality of electric cars. 提升电动汽车品质 33. What is Espinoza's concern? 埃斯皮诺萨一直困扰的问题是什么？ A. How to cut his travel expenses. 如何降低出行开销 B. Where to get a parking space. 寻找停车位 C. How to avoid rush-hour traffic. 避开早晚高峰拥堵 D. Where to find a charging point. 寻找充电桩 34. What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5? 第五段介绍再生刹车的哪方面内容？ A. Their operating conditions. 使用工况 B. Their conventional standard. 传统标准 C. Their potential risks. 潜在隐患 D. Their working mechanism. 工作原理 35. What did Luna say about the system? 卢纳教授如何评价这套系统？ A. It uses reclaimed energy creatively. 创新性利用回收能源 B. It improves workers' efficiency. 提升工人工作效率 C. It prioritizes the safety of trains. 优先保障地铁运行安全 D. It generates jobs for the locals. 为本地创造就业岗位 三、全卷阅读统一汇总：高考高频同义替换总表 交通类 1. subway = metro = underground 地铁 2. charging point = plug-in station 充电桩 3. vehicle = transport 交通工具 4. brake v. 刹车；braking n. 制动 环保能源类 1. clean energy = green energy 清洁能源 2. go greener = environmentally friendly 绿色环保 3. recycled energy = reclaimed energy 再生能源 4. tackle climate change 应对气候变化 5. energy transition 能源转型 预定下单（广告类） 1. online ordering / online pickup orders 线上下单 2. call-in orders = phone orders 电话下单 3. takeout delivery 外卖配送 4. reserve = book v. 预订 情感态度类 1. be attached to = be devoted to 深爱、眷恋 2. pleasantly surprised 惊喜不已 3. enthusiasm = warmth n. 热情 动作行为类 1. put down roots = settle down 安家定居 2. take shape 成型、初具雏形 3. snake through 蜿蜒穿行 4. pour out 大量涌出 熟词生义汇总（阅读高频陷阱） 1. nod n. 点头 → 认可、提名 2. mirror n. 镜子 → v. 反映、折射 3. charge v. 充电；收费；负责 4. package n. 包裹 → 一整套方案、系列技术 5. shift v. 移动 → n. 转型、转变 6. burst n. 爆发 → 一股（能量） 第二部分：七选五 话题：如何欣赏艺术 1. appreciate v. 基础词义：欣赏；感激。 高考原文原句：It's a question many of us ask when we are faced with an abstract painting that we don't understand: how do I appreciate this? 原句翻译：当我们面对一幅我们不理解的抽象画时，我们许多人都会问这个问题：我该如何欣赏它？ 【搭配】 appreciate art/music（欣赏艺术/音乐），appreciate one's help（感激某人的帮助） 名词：appreciation 2. abstract adj. 词义：抽象的。 高考原文原句：...an abstract painting that we don't understand... 原句翻译：...一幅我们不理解的抽象画... 【反义词】 concrete（具体的） 搭配：abstract art/idea/concept（抽象艺术/想法/概念） 3. represent v. 词义：代表；描绘。 高考原文原句：...the painting is not intended to represent anything in the real world. 原句翻译：...这幅画并非意在描绘现实世界中的任何事物。 【派生词】 representation (n. 代表；描绘) 例句：The dove represents peace.（鸽子代表和平。） 4. intention n. 词义：意图，目的。 高考原文原句：The intention is to create an experience that is purely visual. 原句翻译：其意图是创造一种纯粹的视觉体验。 【搭配】 with the intention of（怀着...的目的），good intentions（好意） 动词：intend 5. purely adv. 词义：纯粹地，完全地。 高考原文原句：...an experience that is purely visual. 原句翻译：...一种纯粹的视觉体验。 【形容词】 pure（纯粹的） 例句：He did it purely out of kindness.（他做这件事纯粹是出于好心。） 6. visual adj. 词义：视觉的。 高考原文原句：...an experience that is purely visual. 原句翻译：...一种纯粹的视觉体验。 【构词法】 vis（看）+ -ual（形容词后缀） 搭配：visual arts（视觉艺术），visual aids（视觉教具） 7. figure out v. phrase 词义：弄明白，理解。 高考原文原句：...rather than trying to figure out what it's “supposed” to be. 原句翻译：...而不是试图弄明白它“应该”是什么。 【同义表达】 work out, understand 例句：I can't figure out how to solve this math problem.（我弄不明白如何解这道数学题。） 8. be supposed to v. phrase 词义：应该，被期望。 高考原文原句：...what it's supposed to be. 原句翻译：...它应该是什么。 【易错提醒】 注意与suppose（假设）区分。 例句：You are supposed to hand in your homework by Friday.（你应该在周五前交作业。） 9. emotional adj. 词义：情感的，情绪的。 高考原文原句：...allow yourself to have an emotional reaction to it. 原句翻译：...允许自己对它产生一种情感反应。 【名词】 emotion（情感） 搭配：emotional response/support（情感反应/支持） 10. reaction n. 词义：反应。 高考原文原句：...have an emotional reaction to it. 原句翻译：...对它产生一种情感反应。 【动词】 react 搭配：reaction to sth.（对某事的反应），chain reaction（连锁反应） 11. be open to v. phrase 词义：愿意接受，对...开放。 高考原文原句：Be open to whatever feelings arise. 原句翻译：愿意接受任何涌现的感觉。 【课堂补充】 指心态开放，不排斥。 例句：A good leader should be open to new ideas.（一个好的领导者应该愿意接受新想法。） 12. arise v. （arose, arisen） 词义：出现，发生。 高考原文原句：Be open to whatever feelings arise. 原句翻译：愿意接受任何出现的感觉。 【同义词】 emerge, occur 例句：A new problem has arisen.（一个新的问题出现了。） 13. interpretation n. 词义：解释，阐释。 高考原文原句：There is no right or wrong interpretation. 原句翻译：没有正确或错误的解释。 【动词】 interpret 例句：Different people have different interpretations of the same event.（不同的人对同一事件有不同的解释。） 14. personal adj. 词义：个人的，私人的。 高考原文原句：Art is a personal experience. 原句翻译：艺术是一种个人体验。 【搭配】 personal opinion/space/computer（个人观点/空间/电脑） 反义词：impersonal（非个人的） 15. engage with v. phrase 词义：参与，投入。 高考原文原句：...the most important thing is to engage with the artwork on your own terms. 原句翻译：...最重要的是按照你自己的方式去参与艺术作品。 【课堂补充】 比简单的look at或see更深入，指积极的互动和思考。 例句：Students are encouraged to engage with the text critically.（鼓励学生批判性地参与文本。） 16. on one's own terms prep. phrase 词义：按照自己的条件/方式。 高考原文原句：...on your own terms. 原句翻译：...按照你自己的方式。 【课堂补充】 强调自主性和独立性。 例句：He decided to retire on his own terms.（他决定按照自己的意愿退休。） 第三部分：完形填空 话题：作者与邻居的狗“巴迪”建立友谊的故事 17. neighborhood n. 词义：街区，社区。 高考原文原句：When I moved into my new neighborhood, I didn't know anyone. 原句翻译：当我搬进我的新社区时，我一个人都不认识。 【同义词】 community 派生词：neighbor (n. 邻居) 18. routine n. 词义：惯例，常规。 高考原文原句：My daily routine included walking to the local cafe. 原句翻译：我的每日例行活动包括步行去当地的咖啡馆。 【搭配】 daily routine（日常惯例），break the routine（打破常规） 19. fence n. 词义：栅栏，篱笆。 高考原文原句：Behind a white fence, a big dog would bark excitedly. 原句翻译：在一道白色栅栏后面，一只大狗会兴奋地吠叫。 【易混词】 defence（防御） 20. bark v. 词义：（狗）吠叫。 高考原文原句：...a big dog would bark excitedly. 原句翻译：...一只大狗会兴奋地吠叫。 【拟声词】 注意与tree bark（树皮）区分。 21. cautiously adv. 词义：谨慎地，小心地。 高考原文原句：I approached cautiously, not sure how he would react. 原句翻译：我谨慎地靠近，不确定他会如何反应。 【形容词】 cautious（谨慎的） 反义词：recklessly（鲁莽地） 22. wag v. （wagged, wagging） 词义：（尾巴）摇摆。 高考原文原句：To my surprise, his tail started to wag. 原句翻译：令我惊讶的是，他的尾巴开始摇摆起来。 【搭配】 wag its tail（摇尾巴） 23. stroke v. 词义：抚摸。 高考原文原句：I reached out and stroked his head. 原句翻译：我伸出手抚摸他的头。 【易混词】 strike（打击），stroke（中风；笔画） 24. companionship n. 词义：陪伴，友谊。 高考原文原句：That simple act of companionship meant a lot to me. 原句翻译：那个简单的陪伴举动对我意义重大。 【同义词】 company, fellowship 词根：companion (n. 同伴) 25. eventually adv. 词义：最终，最后。 高考原文原句：Eventually, I met his owner, an elderly woman named Mrs. Green. 原句翻译：最终，我见到了他的主人，一位名叫格林夫人的老妇人。 【同义词】 finally, in the end 26. elderly adj. 词义：年老的，上了年纪的。 高考原文原句：...an elderly woman named Mrs. Green. 原句翻译：...一位名叫格林夫人的老妇人。 【课堂补充】 比old更礼貌、正式。 搭配：the elderly（老年人，集合名词） 27. chat v. / n. 词义：聊天，闲谈。 高考原文原句：We would chat while Buddy enjoyed his treats. 原句翻译：我们会聊天，而巴迪则享用它的零食。 【搭配】 have a chat（聊聊天），chat with sb.（与某人聊天） 28. treat n. 基础词义：对待；治疗。 熟词生义/本文考点：n. 款待，零食（尤指给宠物的）。 高考原文原句：...Buddy enjoyed his treats. 原句翻译：...巴迪享用它的零食。 【课堂补充】 口语中常用。 例句：I bought some dog treats for my pet.（我为我的宠物买了一些狗零食。） 29. pass away v. phrase 词义：去世（委婉语）。 高考原文原句：When Mrs. Green passed away, I was heartbroken for Buddy. 原句翻译：当格林夫人去世时，我为巴迪感到心碎。 【同义表达】 die, pass on（更委婉） 【课堂补充】 比die更委婉、礼貌。 30. heartbroken adj. 词义：心碎的，极度悲伤的。 高考原文原句：...I was heartbroken for Buddy. 原句翻译：...我为巴迪感到心碎。 【构词法】 heart（心）+ broken（破碎的）→ 复合形容词 同义词：devastated 31. adopt v. 基础词义：采纳，采用。 熟词生义/本文考点：收养。 高考原文原句：I knew I had to adopt him. 原句翻译：我知道我必须收养他。 【搭配】 adopt a child/pet（收养孩子/宠物），adopt a policy（采取政策） 名词：adoption 32. loyalty n. 词义：忠诚，忠心。 高考原文原句：Buddy's loyalty never wavered. 原句翻译：巴迪的忠诚从未动摇。 【形容词】 loyal（忠诚的） 搭配：show loyalty to（对...表示忠诚） 33. waver v. 词义：动摇，犹豫。 高考原文原句：Buddy's loyalty never wavered. 原句翻译：巴迪的忠诚从未动摇。 【同义词】 hesitate, falter 例句：Her determination did not waver in the face of difficulties.（面对困难，她的决心没有动摇。） 34. remind v. 词义：提醒；使想起。 高考原文原句：He reminds me that friendship can be found in the most unexpected places. 原句翻译：他提醒我，友谊可以在最意想不到的地方找到。 【搭配】 remind sb. of sth.（使某人想起某事），remind sb. to do sth.（提醒某人做某事） 35. unexpected adj. 词义：意想不到的，出乎意料的。 高考原文原句：...in the most unexpected places. 原句翻译：...在最意想不到的地方。 【构词法】 un-（否定前缀）+ expect（期待）+ -ed → 未被期待的 反义词：expected 第四部分：语法填空 话题：介绍一种古老的印度游戏“帕奇西”（Pachisi） 36. trace back to v. phrase 词义：追溯到。 高考原文原句：The game can trace back to ancient India. 原句翻译：这个游戏可以追溯到古印度。 【同义表达】 date back to 例句：The tradition traces back to the 18th century.（这个传统可以追溯到18世纪。） 37. ancestor n. 词义：祖先。 高考原文原句：It is considered the ancestor of many modern board games. 原句翻译：它被认为是许多现代棋盘游戏的祖先。 【派生词】 ancestral (adj. 祖先的) 反义词：descendant（后代） 38. board game n. phrase 词义：棋盘游戏。 高考原文原句：...modern board games. 原句翻译：...现代棋盘游戏。 【合成词】 board（木板，棋盘）+ game（游戏） 39. strategy n. 词义：策略，战略。 高考原文原句：The game requires both luck and strategy. 原句翻译：这个游戏既需要运气也需要策略。 【形容词】 strategic（战略的） 搭配：develop a strategy（制定策略） 40. roll v. 基础词义：滚动。 熟词生义/本文考点：掷（骰子）。 高考原文原句：Players roll dice to move their pieces around the board. 原句翻译：玩家掷骰子来在棋盘上移动他们的棋子。 【搭配】 roll the dice（掷骰子） 41. capture v. 基础词义：捕获，俘虏。 熟词生义/本文考点：（游戏中）吃掉（对方的棋子）。 高考原文原句：The goal is to capture your opponents' pieces... 原句翻译：目标是吃掉对手的棋子... 【课堂补充】 棋类游戏常用术语。 例句：In chess, you capture your opponent's pieces by moving yours onto their squares.（在国际象棋中，你通过将自己的棋子移动到对方的方格上来吃掉对方的棋子。） 42. opponent n. 词义：对手，敌手。 高考原文原句：...your opponents' pieces... 原句翻译：...你对手的棋子... 【同义词】 rival, adversary 【易错提醒】 注意拼写，双写p。 43. popularity n. 词义：普及，流行。 高考原文原句：The game's popularity spread to other parts of the world. 原句翻译：这个游戏的流行传播到了世界其他地方。 【形容词】 popular（流行的） 搭配：gain/lose popularity（获得/失去流行度） 44. eventually adv. 词义：最终，最后。 高考原文原句：It eventually reached Europe in the 19th century. 原句翻译：它最终在19世纪传到了欧洲。 【同义词】 finally 45. version n. 词义：版本。 高考原文原句：A simplified version became known as “Ludo” in England. 原句翻译：一个简化的版本在英国被称为“Ludo”（飞行棋）。 【搭配】 the latest version（最新版本），different versions of（不同版本的...） 46. simplified adj. 词义：简化的。 高考原文原句：A simplified version became known as “Ludo” in England. 原句翻译：一个简化的版本在英国被称为“Ludo”。 【动词】 simplify（简化） 反义词：complicated（复杂的） 47. remain v. 词义：仍然是；留下。 高考原文原句：Today, Pachisi remains a beloved game in India. 原句翻译：如今，帕奇西在印度仍然是一款深受喜爱的游戏。 【搭配】 remain silent/calm（保持沉默/冷静），remain to be seen（尚待观察） 48. beloved adj. 词义：深受喜爱的，心爱的。 高考原文原句：...a beloved game in India. 原句翻译：...一款在印度深受喜爱的游戏。 【构词法】 be- + loved（被爱的） 同义词：dear, cherished 49. cultural adj. 词义：文化的。 高考原文原句：It is also an important part of India's cultural heritage. 原句翻译：它也是印度文化遗产的重要组成部分。 【名词】 culture（文化） 搭配：cultural differences/exchange（文化差异/交流） 50. heritage n. 词义：遗产。 高考原文原句：...India's cultural heritage. 原句翻译：...印度的文化遗产。 【搭配】 cultural/natural heritage（文化/自然遗产），World Heritage Site（世界遗产地） 第五部分：应用文写作参考词汇 话题：给外教Kate写信，建议为班级英语作文汇编配图并自荐承担画图工作。 写作功能词汇： 建议：suggest, propose, recommend, put forward the suggestion 自荐：volunteer, offer one's service, be willing to, would like to 能力：skill, ability, talent, proficiency, expertise 优势：advantage, strength, qualification, experience 信心：confident, believe, assure, be convinced 贡献：contribute, make a contribution, add value to, enrich 期待：look forward to, anticipate, await, be eager to 感谢：thank, appreciate, be grateful for 艺术绘画相关词汇： 插图：illustration, drawing, picture, image 绘画：drawing, painting, sketching 视觉的：visual, aesthetic 吸引人的：appealing, attractive, engaging, eye-catching 补充：complement, supplement, accompany, go well with 主题：theme, topic, subject 情感：emotion, feeling, sentiment 表达：express, convey, depict, represent 高级替换与短语： 我认为：I believe that... / From my perspective,... / It seems to me that... 不仅...而且...：not only...but also... / ...as well as... 因为：because / since / as / due to the fact that... 所以：therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently 例如：for example / for instance / such as / like 如果：if / provided that / on condition that 尽管：although / though / even though / despite the fact that 为了：in order to / so as to / with the aim of / for the purpose of 第六部分：读后续写原文与续写词汇 原文梗概：作者回忆童年时，祖母每周日带他去图书馆，培养了他对阅读的热爱。祖母总是耐心地帮他选书，并和他一起阅读。多年后，作者成为了一名作家，并将他的第一本书献给了祖母。 续写部分重点词汇（需在续写中合理使用）： 情感与关系： 1. gratitude n. 感激 原文铺垫：祖母的耐心引导。 续写应用：express one's deep gratitude to（向...表达深切感激） 2. inspiration n. 灵感 原文铺垫：祖母是作者阅读的引路人。 续写应用：serve as a constant source of inspiration（作为持续的灵感来源） 3. bond n. 纽带，联系 原文铺垫：每周日的图书馆之旅。 续写应用：strengthen the bond between（加强...之间的纽带） 4. legacy n. 遗产（非物质） 原文铺垫：祖母传递了对阅读的热爱。 续写应用：carry on one's legacy（继承某人的遗产） 动作与过程： 5. flip through v. phrase 快速翻阅 场景描写：作者在图书馆或书店翻阅书籍。 续写应用：flip through the pages of a book（快速翻阅书页） 6. whisper v. 低语，耳语 情感描写：祖母温柔地说话，或作者内心的声音。 续写应用：whisper words of encouragement（低声说出鼓励的话） 7. trace v. 追溯；描摹 回忆或动作描写：作者追溯回忆，或手指描摹书上的字。 续写应用：trace one's finger over the words（用手指描摹文字） 8. dedicate v. 奉献；题献 情节关键：将书献给祖母。 续写应用：dedicate the book to one's grandmother（将这本书献给祖母） 场景与细节： 9. shelves n. 书架 场景核心：图书馆或书店。 续写应用：rows of dusty shelves（一排排布满灰尘的书架） 10. fragrance n. 香气 感官描写：旧书的独特气味。 续写应用：the familiar fragrance of old books（旧书熟悉的气味） 11. sunbeam n. 阳光光束 环境描写：营造温暖、怀旧的氛围。 续写应用：a sunbeam streaming through the window（一束阳光透过窗户照射进来） 12. worn-out adj. 破旧的，用旧的 细节描写：祖母常坐的椅子，或她最喜欢的旧书。 续写应用：a worn-out armchair（一张破旧的扶手椅） 高级衔接与升华： 13. It wasn't until... that... 直到...才... 用于揭示感悟时刻。 续写应用：It wasn't until I held my published book that I fully understood her influence.（直到我拿着我出版的书，我才完全理解了她的影响。） 14. More than just... 不仅仅是... 用于深化主题。 续写应用：Those Sunday trips were more than just visits to the library; they were journeys into worlds of imagination.（那些周日的出行不仅仅是去图书馆；它们是进入想象世界的旅程。） 15. In that moment 在那一刻 用于描写情感高潮。 续写应用：In that moment, surrounded by books, I felt an overwhelming sense of connection to her.（在那一刻，被书包围着，我感到一种与她强烈的联系感。） 16. carry forward v. phrase 发扬，传承 用于结尾升华。 续写应用：I promised myself to carry forward her love for stories.（我向自己保证，要传承她对故事的热爱。） 续写情节建议关键词： 高潮：作者将新书带给祖母/在图书馆举行新书分享会。 对话：祖母的骄傲话语，作者的感谢。 细节：祖母抚摸书封的手，眼中闪动的泪光，旧图书馆与新书的对比。 结尾：作者意识到，他不仅成为了一名作家，更成为了祖母所代表的阅读精神的传承者。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $