Unti1-Unit 3 知识汇总（知识清单）-2025-2026学年人教PEP版英语四年级下册

该小学英语知识清单系统覆盖“班级规则”“家庭规则”“时间管理与日常作息”三大单元内容，整合核心语法、主题词汇、功能句型、语音规则及写作范文等知识范畴，为学生搭建从基础语言要素到综合语用能力的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类梳理（如祈使句分肯定/否定形式，教室物品标注单复数）、分级提示（核心考点标注“Let's后必须加动词原形”，语音配“ar发/ɑː/口诀”）及关联对比（班规与家规语法汇总）构建知识体系，突出语言能力培养。设计写作范文、情景交际短句等实用模块，如“介绍我的教室”范文提供表达模板，助力学生高效掌握要点，教师可直接用于课堂教学与复习指导。

Unit 1 Class rules 班级规则 一、核心语法：祈使句 （一）肯定祈使句（动词原形开头，表要求、建议） Do 型：动词原形 + 其他 Keep the classroom clean. 保持教室干净。 Put up your hand to speak. 举手发言。 Hurry up. 快点。 Be 型：Be + 形容词 / 名词 Please be nice. 请友善待人。 Be quiet in class. 上课保持安静。 Be a good student. 做一名好学生。 Let 型：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形（提议共同行动） Let's go to the park! 我们去公园吧！ Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 ✅ 考点：Let's 后必须加动词原形 例：Let's (sweep/sweeps) the floor. 答案：sweep （二）否定祈使句（表禁止、劝阻） Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 Don't eat in class. 不要在课堂吃东西。 Don't talk in class. 不要上课讲话。 Don't run in the classroom. 不要在教室奔跑。 Don't be + 形容词 / 名词 Don't be late. 不要迟到。 Don't be sad. 别难过。 Don't be angry. 别生气。 No + 名词 / 动词 ing（标语专用） No photos. 禁止拍照。 No eating. 禁止饮食。 No visitors. 游客止步。 No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 （三）情态动词表禁止（can't /shouldn't） 结构：can't /shouldn't + 动词原形 You can't take toys to school. 你不能带玩具去学校。 We shouldn't run in the library. 我们不该在图书馆奔跑。 二、班级规则常用祈使句 1. Please 倡导类 Keep the classroom clean. 保持教室干净。 Put up your hand to speak. 举手发言。 Please be nice. 请友善相处。 Please be quiet. 请保持安静。 Please say "Thanks". 请说谢谢。 Listen carefully in class. 上课认真听讲。 Help each other. 互相帮助。 Turn off the lights after school. 放学后关灯。 2. Don't 禁止类 Don't be late for class. 上课不要迟到。 Don't eat in class. 不要在课堂吃东西。 Don't take toys to school. 不要带玩具去学校。 Don't run in the classroom. 不要在教室奔跑。 Don't draw on the wall. 不要在墙上画画。 三、教室物品 & 设施单词（单复数） 单数 复数 中文释义 classroom — 教室 desk desks 书桌 chair chairs 椅子 fan fans 风扇 light lights 电灯 door doors 门 window windows 窗户 teacher's desk — 讲台 wall — 墙 floor — 地板 blackboard — 黑板 music room — 音乐教室 art room — 美术教室 四、值日活动动词短语 clean the classroom 打扫教室 clean the blackboard 擦黑板 clean the windows 擦窗户 clean the desks 清理书桌 sweep the floor 扫地 turn off the fans 关掉风扇 turn off the lights 关灯 turn on the lights 开灯 put back the desks/chairs 把桌椅放回原位 close the windows/doors 关窗 / 关门 open the doors/windows 开门 / 开窗 make wall newspapers 制作墙报 hand out the workbooks 分发作业本 五、重点单词 & 短语 class 班级；课程 take 拿，带 keep 保持 speak 发言，说 listen 听 run 跑 eat 吃 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 put back 放回原位 hand out 分发 after school 放学后 after class 下课后 hurry up 快点 newspaper 报纸 workbook 练习册 be on duty 值日 clean and tidy 干净整洁 follow the rules 遵守规则 study hard 努力学习 sorry 对不起 late 迟到 ready 准备好 when 当…… 时 class rules 班规 六、核心句型 1. 描述物品特征：主语 + is/are + 形容词 规则：单数名词用 is，复数名词用 are The floor is green. 地板是绿色的。 The chairs are brown. 椅子是棕色的。 Our classroom is clean and tidy. 我们的教室干净又整洁。 颜色词汇 red 红色、yellow 黄色、green 绿色、blue 蓝色、black 黑色、white 白色、orange 橙色、purple 紫色、pink 粉色 拓展固定搭配 keep + 物品 + 形容词（使…… 保持某种状态） Keep the classroom clean. 保持教室干净。 Keep your desk tidy. 保持桌面整洁。 2. can 表请求、允许（我可以…… 吗？） 问句：Can I + 动词原形？ 肯定回答：Yes, you can. / Sure. / Of course. 否定回答：No, you can't. / Sorry, you can't. 例句： — Can I take toys to school? 我能带玩具去学校吗？ — No, you can't. 不行。 一般疑问句（询问对方能力）：Can + 主语 + 动词原形？ — Can you clean the windows? 你会擦窗户吗？ — Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 3. can 表能力（询问会做什么） 问句：What can + 主语 + do? 答句：主语 + can + 动词短语 — What can you do after school? 放学后你能做什么？ — I can put back the desks and chairs. 我能把桌椅归位。 否定句：主语 + can't + 动词原形 I can't cook. 我不会做饭。 4. 询问值日人员 问句：Who's on duty today? 今天谁值日？ 答句：I am. / We are. / She is. — Who's on duty today? — We are, Miss White. 我们值日，怀特老师。 5. Let's 提议共同做事 — Let's clean the classroom. 我们一起打扫教室吧。 — OK. / Great! / Good idea. 6. 指示代词单复数转换 this（这个）→ these（这些） that（那个）→ those（那些） These are our class rules. 这些是我们的班规。 Those are my books. 那些是我的书。 七、情景交际短句 催促他人：Hurry up! 提醒别迟到：Don't be late for class. 劝阻课堂吃东西：Don't eat in class. 劝同学友好相处：Please be nice. 没听清对方说话：Excuse me? 提议打扫教室：Let's clean the classroom. 劝阻奔跑：Don't run in the classroom. — Sorry. 八、语音：字母组合 ar 发音 /ɑː/ 例词 car 汽车、arm 胳膊、park 公园、hard 努力、card 卡片、farmer 农民 口诀：大叫一声啊啊啊 /ɑː/ 特殊发音 字母 w 后 ar 发 /ɔː/：warm、war 九、写作范文 范文 1：介绍我的教室 Look, this is my classroom. It's nice and clean. The walls are white. The floor is green. There are many yellow desks and brown chairs. There are four lights and two blue fans. The big blackboard is black. The teacher's desk is brown. There are six windows. I have three books and some pens on my desk. I like my classroom very much. 范文 2：介绍班规 Hello! I'm Amy. These are our class rules. We can't be late for class. We can't run in the classroom. We should put up our hands to speak. When we don't understand, we say "Excuse me?". We listen carefully in class and help each other. We must keep our desks clean. After school, we turn off the lights and fans. Some students make wall newspapers and hand out workbooks. We all follow the rules and make our classroom great. Unit 2 Family rules 家庭规则 一、家庭房间名词（搭配功能） bedroom 卧室 → sleep 睡觉 study 书房 → read books 看书 living room 客厅 → watch TV 看电视 kitchen 厨房 → eat、cook 吃饭、做饭 bathroom 浴室 → wash hands 洗手 garden 花园 二、家规祈使句 1. 肯定要求类 Tidy your room. 整理你的房间。 Do your homework first. 先写作业。 Wash your hands before eating. 饭前洗手。 Use kind words. 使用礼貌用语。 Help do chores. 帮忙做家务。 Keep the room clean. 保持房间整洁。 Make the bed. 铺床。 Wash the dishes. 洗碗。 2. Don't 禁止类 Don't touch hot things. 不要触碰烫的物品。 Don't run in the house. 不要在屋里奔跑。 Don't eat in bed. 不要在床上吃东西。 Don't jump on the bed. 不要在床上蹦跳。 Don't play with balls at home. 不要在家玩球。 Don't be so loud. 不要大声吵闹。 Don't make a mess in the study. 不要把书房弄乱。 三、家务 & 日常活动短语 wash hands 洗手 do homework 写作业 watch TV 看电视 read books 看书 draw pictures 画画 do sports 做运动 cook together 一起做饭 sweep the floor 扫地 clean the room 打扫房间 tidy the bedroom 整理卧室 wash clothes 洗衣服 do some chores 做家务 eat healthy food 吃健康食物 drink milk 喝牛奶 四、重点单词 & 短语 first 首先 follow 遵守 word 话语 keep 保持 healthy 健康的 safe 安全的 wet 湿的 loud 吵闹的 quiet 安静的 careful 小心的 be careful 小心 have to 不得不，必须 at home 在家 at school 在学校 family rules 家规 class rules 班规 make a mess 弄得一团糟 think of 为…… 着想 work hard 努力 feel good 感觉很好 五、核心语法 & 句型 1. Where 询问人物位置 单数人 问句：Where is + 人？ 答句：He's/She's in the + 房间. — Where is Dad? — He's in the kitchen. 复数人 问句：Where are + 人？ 答句：They're in the + 房间. — Where are they? — They're in the study. 2. Is/Are 确认人物位置 单数：Is he/she in the + 房间？ 肯定：Yes, he/she is. 否定：No, he/she isn't. — Is Mum in the bedroom? — Yes, she is. 复数：Are they in the living room? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. 3. 现在进行时：描述正在做的事 结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词 ing 标志词：Look! / Listen! /now 动词 ing 变化规则 一般直接加 ing：sweep-sweeping、cook-cooking 不发音 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing：make-making、write-writing 辅元辅结尾，双写尾字母加 ing：run-running、swim-swimming 例句： Look! Dad is reading a book in the study. Shhh. Grandma is sleeping. 4. 询问正在进行的动作 — What is your mother doing? — She is cooking in the kitchen. 5. have to 必须、不得不 结构：主语 + have to + 动词原形（第三人称单数：has to） You have to do homework first. 你必须先写作业。 He has to wash hands before meals. 他饭前必须洗手。 否定形式：don't/doesn't have to You don't have to clean the room now. 6. there be 句型（某地有某物，就近原则） There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 There are + 复数名词 There is a big bed in the bedroom. There are many rules in my home. 六、语音：字母组合 er 词尾发音 /ə/ 例词 father、mother、brother、sister、computer、water、dinner、summer、winter 特殊发音 term、her 发 /ɜː/ 七、写作范文 范文 1：介绍我的家规 Hello, I'm Tom. These are my family rules. First, don't touch hot things in the kitchen. Second, we should use kind words at home. Third, we must keep our house clean and tidy. We have to wash hands before eating and do homework first. We can't run or jump in the house. My mum often cooks and I sweep the floor. We all follow the rules. These rules keep me safe and healthy. I love my family. 范文 2：描述家人正在做什么 Today is sunny. My father is reading newspapers in the living room. My mother is cooking in the kitchen. I'm doing my homework in the study. My little brother is tidying his bedroom. We are all busy but happy. Unit 3 Time for school 时间管理与日常作息 一、三餐、学科、活动短语 1. 一日三餐 breakfast 早餐、lunch 午餐、dinner 晚餐 have breakfast /lunch/dinner 吃早 / 午 / 晚饭 2. 学校科目 Chinese class 语文课、maths class 数学课、English class 英语课 music class 音乐课、art class 美术课、PE class 体育课、computer class 电脑课 3. 日常活动 get up 起床、go to school 上学、go home 回家、go to bed 上床睡觉 go to the playground 去操场、do sports 做运动、play basketball/football 打球 read and write 读写、count and write 算数、sing a song 唱歌 二、重点单词 & 短语 time 时间 clock 时钟 o'clock …… 点钟 minute 分钟 hour 小时 a.m. 上午、p.m. 下午 hurry up 快点 late 迟到 be late for class 上课迟到 over 结束 Class is over. 下课。 School is over. 放学。 just a minute 等一下 ready 准备好 schedule 日程表 weekend 周末 week 星期 Monday ~ Sunday 周一至周日 on + 星期（on Monday 在周一） want to do sth. 想要做某事 early 早的、late 晚的 get up early 早起、get up late 晚起 城市词汇 Beijing、New York、London、Sydney、Moscow 三、时间表达法 整点：It's + 数字 + o'clock It's seven o'clock. 七点整。 通用读法：小时 + 分钟 It's eight ten. 8:10 分钟≤30：分钟 + past + 小时 ten past nine 9:10；a quarter past nine 9:15；half past nine 9:30 分钟＞30：(60 - 分钟) + to + (小时 + 1) ten to nine 8:50；a quarter to nine 8:45 四、核心句型 1. 询问时间 — What time is it? 几点了？ — It's + 时间. — What time is it in Sydney? — It's 9:10 p.m. 2. It's time for / It's time to 该做某事 It's time for + 名词（三餐、课程） It's time for breakfast. 该吃早饭了。 It's time for PE class. 该上体育课了。 It's time to + 动词原形 It's time to get up. 该起床了。 It's time to go to bed. 该睡觉了。 ✅ 同义句转换 It's time for dinner. = It's time to have dinner. 3. Let's 提议共同活动 — Let's go to the playground. — OK. / Great! / Good idea. 4. 询问日常作息时间 主语非三单（you/I/we） 问句：What time do you + 动词短语？ 答句：I + 动词短语 + at + 时间 — What time do you get up? — I get up at 6:30 a.m. 主语三单（he/she/ 人名） 问句：What time does she + 动词短语？ 答句：She + 动词三单 + at + 时间 — What time does she go home? — She goes home at 5:30 p.m. 5. 询问所在城市 — Where are you? — I'm in New York. 五、语音：字母组合 or 发音 常规 or 发 /ɔː/：horse、forty、sport、short、fork w 后 or 发 /ɜː/：work、world、word 单词末尾 or 发 /ə/：doctor、actor、color 六、写作范文：我的一天 My day Hello! I'm Mike. I get up at 7:00 a.m. It's 7:20. It's time for breakfast. I go to school at 8:00. We have Chinese and English class in the morning. At 12 o'clock, I have lunch. In the afternoon, we have art and PE. I go home at 4:30 p.m. I have dinner at 6:30. It's 9:00 p.m. It's time to go to bed. This is my happy day. 七、拓展知识点 in bed /on the bed 区分 in bed：卧床（睡觉、生病） on the bed：物品在床上 例句：Don't eat in bed. The toy is on the bed. 坚持日程表的方法 set alarm 定闹钟、ask friends/parents for help 寻求家人朋友提醒、make phone reminders 手机设置提醒、check schedule often 经常查看计划表 日常祝福语 — Have a nice day! — Thank you. You too. 补充汇总：班规 VS 家规对比 Class rules 班规 Don't take toys to school. Don't be late for class. Don't run or eat in class. Keep classroom clean, put up hands to speak. Help classmates, listen carefully. Family rules 家规 Don't touch hot things, don't run in the house. Do homework first, tidy your room. Wash hands before meals, use polite words. Keep home clean, help do housework. 通用语法总汇总 祈使句：肯定（动词原形开头）；否定（Don't + 动词原形） can：表能力 / 允许，后接动词原形；提问句式 Can I...? be 动词（am/is/are） 描述物品特征：主语 + be + 形容词 现在进行时：主语 + be + 动词 ing 时间专用句型：What time...? / It's time for/to... 地点专用句型：Where is/are...? 回答格式 in + 地点 have to（客观必须）、should（主观应该），两者后均加动词原形 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $