2027届高三英语一轮语法专项复习-定语从句高考考点精讲及区分判断法则 讲义

该高中英语讲义聚焦定语从句及三大从句区分等高考核心考点，按“区分判断-核心考点-易错陷阱-实战应用”逻辑架构知识点，通过考点系统梳理、方法精准指导、真题实战训练等环节，帮助学生突破从句类型判断与引导词选择难点，体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。 资料以“总判断三步法”“黄金法则”等策略创新为亮点，结合20道易混题型实战演练，通过“找先行词-分析从句成分-匹配引导词”的解题步骤培养学生思维品质，提升语言理解与表达能力。设置分层练习配合易错陷阱总结，确保有限时间内最大化复习效果，为教师把控复习节奏、学生提升应考能力提供有力支撑。

定语从句高考考点精讲及区分判断法则 模块一:三大从句区分判断法则 区分从句类型:名词性从句/定语从句/状语从句 总判断三步法 1.找从句引导词(that/which/who/where/when/what/because 等),拆分主句、从句 2.判断从句在主句中充当什么成分 3.匹配从句类型,套用对应规则 从句类型 核心判定标准 引导词关键特征 定语从句 修饰前面名词 / 代词(先行词),从句作定语,翻译 “…… 的” 有先行词;无先行词一定不是定语从句;what 绝不引导定语从句 名词性从句(主/宾/表/同位) 从句整体当名词用,做主句主语、宾语、表语、同位语;无先行词 what 可引导;that 不作成分;if/whether 表 “是否” 状语从句 修饰主句动词 / 整句话,表时间、地点、原因、让步、条件等,不修饰名词 无先行词;when/where/because/if/though 等,只作状语 一、定语从句 vs 名词性从句 黄金法则:看有没有先行词 定语从句:前面必有被修饰的名词/代词(先行词) 例:This is the book that I bought. (解析:先行词 the book,that 修饰 book 定语从句) 名词性从句:前面没有名词可供修饰,从句直接充当句子主干成分 例:I don’t know what he bought. (解析:know 后缺宾语,无先行词,what 引导宾语从句) 二、定语从句 vs 状语从句 判断法则:when/where 前有无地点/时间名词先行词 【定语从句】when/where =介词+ which,前面有time/day/place/city等名词 例:I still remember the day when we met. (解析:先行词 the day 定语从句,when=on which) 【时间/地点状语从句】when/where前无名词,直接修饰主句动作 例1.When we met, I was happy. (解析:无先行词,修饰主句时间 时间状语从句) 例2.Plant trees where there is plenty of sunshine. (无先行词,表动作发生地点 地点状语从句) 三、定语从句 vs 同位语从句 区分核心:看从句是否解释名词具体内容 【同位语从句】解释抽象名词(news/fact/idea/reason/promise)的完整内容,从句主谓完整,不缺成分,that不作成分,不能替换 例. The news that he will come is true. (解析:新闻内容=他要来:完整句子解释 news 同位语从句) 【定语从句】修饰限定名词,that 在从句中充当主语/宾语,可换成 which 例:The news that you told me is true. (解析:that作told 宾语,可换成which 定语从句) 模块二:定语从句核心考点精讲 定从做题流程: 1.找先行词(空格前名词/代词,人/物/时间/地点/reason) 2.剥离先行词,看从句缺主语/宾语/定语/状语 3.看标点:逗号分隔 = 非限制性从句,禁用 that 4.看是否有介词提前:介词 + whom (人)/which (物) 考点1:关系代词 that /which 【只用that的情况】 1.先行词为不定代词:all, everything, nothing, much, little等 All that he said is true. 2.先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 This is the best film that I’ve seen. 3.先行词被 the only, the very, every, all修饰 He is the only person that understands me. 4.先行词同时含人+物 We talked about teachers and schools that we visited. 5.主句以which/who开头疑问,避免重复 Which is the bike that you lost? 【只用which的场景】 1.介词提前:介词+which,不能用that This is the house in _ we lived. 填 which 2.逗号隔开非限制性定语从句 The novel, _ I finished yesterday, is wonderful. 填 which 考点2:who /whom/whose(先行词为人) 1.who:从句作主语 The girl who is standing there is my deskmate. 2.whom:从句作宾语;介词后只能用 whom The boy whom/who/that we met is Tom. The man with whom you spoke is our teacher. 3.whose表 “…… 的”,后接名词,人/物通用 I know the student whose mother is a doctor. There is a tree whose leaves turn red in autumn. 考点3:关系副词when/where/why(从句主谓完整,缺状语) 1.where先行词:地点/抽象地点(case, situation, stage, point) This is the office _ I work. (答案:in which where) 【易错区分】 1. This is the office _ I visited last week. (解析:visit 缺宾语 which/that) 2. I’ll never forget the day _ we joined the club. (解析:the day做时间状语,答案:on which when) why 先行词只能是 reason 3. The reason _ he cried is unknown. (reason做动作cry的原因状语,答案:for which why) 4.The reason _ he gave is unknown. (解析:gave 缺宾语 that/which) 考点4:介词+关系代词 解题法则: ①看从句动词固定搭配/先行词搭配介词 ②介词后:人用whom,物用which,绝不使用that/who 1. The house in which we lived was old. (解析:动词固定搭配live in) The girl on whom whom you depend is honest. (解析:动词固定搭配depend on) 考点5:非限制性定语从句(逗号隔开,三大规则) 1.禁止使用 that、what;作宾语不可省略引导词 2.which可指代前面整件主句内容,只能放在主句后方 He passed the exam, which made his parents proud. 3.as指代整句,可放句首/句中,固定搭配as we all know, as is known As is known to all, light travels faster than sound. 考点6:特殊固定结构as引导定语从句 1.the same…as /such…as /so…as(同类事物) I want the same bag as you bought. 【区分】the same…that指同一个物品 This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. 考点7:the way作先行词特殊填空 1.从句主谓完整,表 “方式”,三种填法:that /in which/省略 I hate the way that /in which/省略 he talks to others. 考点 8:分隔式定语从句(先行词与从句隔开) 1.先行词远离引导词,不要误判就近名词 A new student will come tomorrow who will teach us math. (解析:先行词是student,不是tomorrow) 模块三:高考高频易错陷阱汇总 1.看到地点名词勿冲动,看清从句是否缺宾语,缺宾用 which/that,不缺用where; 2.what永远不能引导定语从句,选项出现直接排除; 3.逗号隔开从句,绝对不用that; 4.介词后只能whom/which,不能that/who 5.名词必须紧跟whose后,无名词不whose 6.as可放句首指代整句话,which不可以 7.同位语从句that不作成分;定语从句that做主/宾可替换which 模块四:易混题型实战演练 1.Tell me everything _ you know about the accident. 2.Tell me _ you know about the accident. 3.This is the factory _ my father worked 10 years ago. 4.This is the factory _ we visited last summer. 5.Plant trees _ there is enough water and sunshine. 6.I still remember the day _ we first met in the library. 7._ we first met, I fell in love with reading. 8.The news _ our team won the game made us excited. 9.The news _ you told me made us excited. 10._ is known to all, practice makes perfect. 11.He failed the exam, _ made his mother disappointed. 12.The girl with _ he chatted just now is his cousin. 13.All _ can be done has already been finished. 14.I don’t like the way _ he treats his parents. 15.I have a classmate _ brother works in a hospital. 16.I don’t know the reason _ he refused our invitation. 17.I don’t believe the reason _ he gave for his absence. 18.You can make progress _ you keep practicing every day. 19.This is the same dictionary _ I bought last week. 20.We are interested in _ he talked about at the meeting. 模块四参考答案 1.that限制性定语从句,先行词 everything(不定代词),从句缺know 宾语,只用that。 2.what宾语从句(名词性从句)从句缺 know 宾语,从句整体作 tell 宾语,用what。 3.where / in which限制性定语从句,先行词 factory;从句my father worked 主谓完整,缺地点状语。 4.that / which限制性定语从句,先行词factory;visit缺少宾语,指物可用 that/which。 5.where地点状语从句,前面无地点名词先行词,where修饰主句动作 plant的发生地点。 6.when / on which限制性定语从句,先行词 the day;从句主谓完整,缺时间状语。 7.When时间状语从句,从句修饰主句动作发生时间。 8.that同位语从句,抽象名词 news,从句完整解释新闻内容;that不作从句任何成分,不可换which。 9.that/which限制性定语从句,先行词news;that/which在从句中作 told的宾语。 10.As非限制性定语从句,as指代后面整句话,可置于句首,固定搭配as is known to all。 11.which非限制性定语从句,逗号分隔,which指代前面 “He failed the exam” 整件事,不能用as放句后。 12.whom限制性定语从句,介词with提前,先行词指人,介词后只能用whom,不能用that/who。 13.that限制性定语从句,先行词all不定代词,从句缺主语,只能用that。 14.that /in which/不填,限制性定语从句,先行词the way表方式,从句主谓完整,三种填法通用。 15.whose限制性定语从句,whose后接名词brother,表 “同学的”,作定语。 16.why / for which限制性定语从句,先行词the reason,从句主谓完整,缺原因状语。 17.that / which限制性定语从句,先行词the reason;gave缺少宾语,不用why。 18.if / when条件/时间状语从句,无先行词,表 “如果/当你坚持练习”,修饰主句。 19.as限制性定语从句, the same…as 固定搭配,表同类不同物品。 20.what宾语从句(名词性从句),从句缺少talk about宾语,整体作介词in的宾语。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $