江苏省南京外国语学校2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末模拟英语练习卷

**基本信息** 南京外国语学校八年级下学期期末英语模拟卷，通过志愿者救火、上海观光路线等真实情境及滑梯科学原理等跨学科素材，考查语言运用与思维品质，适配期末综合能力评估。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----|----| |单项选择|20|语法（时态/从句/非谓语等）|语境化考查语法应用，如第12题过去完成时与延续性动词结合| |完形填空|15|词汇/语篇理解|以志愿者救火故事渗透人文关怀，第35题通过"save the shoes"升华"小行动大意义"| |阅读理解|15|信息提取/推理判断|涵盖应用文（上海观光路线）、科普文（滑梯科学原理）、叙事文（地震救援），多文本类型适配核心素养| |书面表达|1|话题写作|结合"追梦"主题，要求阐述梦想、原因及行动，体现思维逻辑性与文化意识|

江苏省南京外国语学校2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末模拟练习 英 语 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单项选择 1．Don’t forget to drink lots of ________ after exercising. A．waters B．water C．juice D．food 2．To keep safe in a crowd, we must avoid ______ others in public places. A．push B．to push C．pushing D．pushed 3．Lugou Bridge has a history of more than 8 ________ years and ________ of visitors have visited it. A．hundreds; hundred B．hundreds; hundreds C．hundred; hundred D．hundred; hundreds 4．We took an online tour ________ Dunhuang ________ the help of a travel app. A．of, with B．of, for C．to, with D．to, to 5．The ground is ________ snow after the heavy snowfall. A．covered with B．filled with C．full of D．covered by 6．It’s said the documentary about dinosaurs will have a _______ show tonight. It brings dinosaurs _______ on screen. A．alive; live B．live; living C．live; alive D．alive; alive 7．The cat likes to ________ behind the door, waiting for mice. A．dance B．sing C．hide D．play 8．—How long have you had this cold? —________ two days ago. A．During B．Since C．In D．At 9．She is good at ______. She wants to be a scientist. A．a research B．researching C．to research D．researched 10．Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A．where B．when C．that D．which 11．—Mr. Gao went to Shanghai on business last week. —Is that _______ he couldn’t attend the meeting? A．what B．when C．why D．where 12．By the time we reached the local theatre, the opera ________ for 5 minutes. A．had started B．has started C．had been on D．has been on 13．—What did your teacher say this morning? —She told us ________. A．why was Tom late for school again B．we have too much homework C．how did she come to school this morning D．that we would have a test soon 14．If I ________ more time, I would learn to play the piano. A．have B．had C．will have D．am having 15．Either you or one of your friends ________ to attend the meeting tomorrow. A．is B．are C．am D．be 16．The project ________ by the end of last year. It has brought great benefits to the local people. A．completed B．is completed C．was completed D．had been completed 17．How should you add the correct punctuation marks to the following sentence? A．Simon said “If it snows we'll make a snowman.” B．Simon said “if it snows, we'll make a snowman.” C．Simon said, if it snows, we'll make a snowman. D．Simon said, “If it snows, we'll make a snowman.” 18．He left home an hour ago, so he _________ get to the station on time. The train leaves in two hours. A．mustn’t B．should C．can’t D．might not 19．Which sentence has the same structure as “I find seasons really beautiful.”? A．Spring is the music of energy and colour. B．Summer offers us long and sunny days. C．Autumn winds blow the golden leaves. D．The first snow paints the world white. 20．You are talking to your best friend about joining a volunteer activity. Which expression is informal? A．I am writing to ask for your advice on volunteer work. B．How may I assist you with your plan? C．Dude, let’s join the community volunteer activity together! D．Excuse me. Could you help me with the volunteer plan? 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I am fighting fires for a volunteer (志愿者) fire company. I still 21 my first fire. I was the second volunteer to be there. The captain of our team was 22 the homeowner, who was surely having one of the 23 days of her life. At midnight, she was standing outside in heavy rain without 24 while her house was in the big fire. The other volunteer, who was 25 than me, was asked to save the homeowner’s dog first. The captain then waved me over, “Bezos, I need you to go upstairs past the fire. and get this woman a pair of shoes.” Not exactly 26 I was hoping for, but off I went—up the stairs, down the hall, past the fire into 27 bedroom to get a pair of shoes. I carried the shoes downstairs where I met the other 28 with the dog. We took our “treasures (珍宝)” outside to the homeowner, where, not 29 his received much more attention than mine. A few weeks later, the company received a letter from the homeowner 30 us for saving her home. The act of 31 , which she mentioned above all others, was that someone had 32 got her a pair of shoes. The thing I’d like you to keep 33 mind is that —Don’t wait. Don’t wait until next time. 34 you have something to give, give it now. Not every day is going to offer us a chance to 35 somebody’s life. Get in the game. Save the shoes. Always remember little actions can mean a lot. 21．A．remember B．understand C．discover D．mind 22．A．fighting with B．talking with C．counting down D．playing against 23．A．worst B．easiest C．weakest D．warmest 24．A．glasses B．trousers C．shoes D．coats 25．A．stronger B．prouder C．healthier D．earlier 26．A．where B．who C．what D．when 27．A．my B．your C．his D．her 28．A．firefighter B．volunteer C．captain D．manager 29．A．probably B．naturally C．surprisingly D．immediately 30．A．calling B．sending C．leading D．thanking 31．A．kindness B．peace C．politeness D．humour 32．A．still B．hardly C．even D．only 33．A．with B．in C．by D．from 34．A．If B．Before C．Because D．Since 35．A．notice B．save C．forget D．decide 三、阅读理解 If you are looking forward to travelling in Shanghai for a different taste, bus sightseeing trip may be at the top of your list. It offers three different routes to see famous places in Shanghai. Routes Red Route Blue Route Green Route Stops ☆ People’s Square ☆ People’s Park ☆ The Bund ☆ Yu Garden ☆ Xintiandi ☆ The Oriental Pearl Tower ☆ The Shanghai World Financial Centre and the Jinmao Tower ☆ Shiliupu Wharf ☆ Shanghai Museum ☆ Middle Huaihai Road ☆ Jing’an Temple ☆ Shanghai Television Station Duration 1 hour 1 hour and 15 minutes 1 hour First bus 9 a.m. 9:45 a.m. 9:15 a.m. Last bus 5 p.m. 5:15 p.m. 5:15 p.m. Price 24-hour:￥200/adult; 48-hour:￥300/adult Children aged 5 to 15 are 50％ and under 5 are free ★Please call 021-63515988 to book tickets and you will get them by mail. ★Pick from eight languages to be able to learn more about the city. ★Free cancellation (取消) within seven days. 36．According to Green Route, how long does the whole trip take? A．1 hour. B．4 hours. C．1 hour and 15 minutes. D．2 hours. 37．Which route should you take if you are interested in visiting parks and gardens? A．Green Route. B．Blue Route. C．Red Route. D．Any of the Routes. 38．What is not mentioned in this article? A．Telephone for booking tickets. B．The time for each route. C．Support different luggage sizes. D．Choice of many languages. 39．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Red Route runs from 9:45 a.m. to 5 p.m.. B．People cancel trips within eight days for free. C．People can visit Jing’an Temple on Blue Route. D．Blue Route takes more time than Green Route. 40．If Tom and Kate with their Children aged 10 and 3 choose the 24-hour trip, they need to pay ______. A．￥400 B．￥500 C．￥600 D．￥750 Slides are simple but always fun. All you need to do is climb up to the top and slide down. But did you know that there is science behind this simple playground equipment (设备)? ①You climb up the slide and sit down. You are ready to go. Are you sliding down? No, not yet. Things stay still (静止的) unless something makes them ▲ . It is Newton’s first law. So you have to give yourself a push to start the journey down. ② Now you are sliding down. Do you feel you are slowing down a bit? When two things rub (摩擦) against each other, they cause friction (摩擦力). Without friction, you will slide down faster and faster to the bottom. ③ At the bottom of the slide, you come to a full stop. Your feet touch the ground and add extra friction. Newton’s first law also says moving things keep moving unless something makes them stop. So, if you do not use your feet, you’ll fly off the slide. Isaac Newton said what goes up must come down. He was talking about gravity. Slides work because of gravity. But that is not all. 41．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact. B．By giving an example. C．By telling a story. D．By asking a question. 42．The best word for the blank is ▲ . A．stop B．fly C．move D．climb 43．Which picture explains why you slow down a bit when sliding down ? A． B． C． D． 44．What would happen if you do not use your feet at the bottom of the slide? A．You would stay still. B．You would stop immediately. C．You would slide uncontrollably. D．You would add extra friction. 45．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fun with a Slide B．Science behind a Slide C．Newton’s First Law D．Secrets of Gravity After a serious earthquake (地震) happened, a father rushed to his son’s school immediately and found all the buildings collapsed and looked like a pancake. He was shocked. But after a while, he remembered the words he had said to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” So he started digging through the ruins (废墟). After a day, most of the people gave up, but the father kept on digging. 12 hours...24 hours...36 hours... then, in the 39th hour, he heard his son’s words. He shouted, “ARMAND!” His son heard back, “Dad! It’s me, Dad! I told other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive (活着的), you’d save me and when you saved me, they would be saved. You promised, ‘No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you.’ You did it, Dad!” “How is it now?” the father asked. “There are 14 of us left among us 33 classmates, Dad. When the building fell down, it made a triangle (三角), and it saved us.” “Come out, boy!” “No. Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!” 46．The underlined word “collapsed” probably means “________”. A．shocked B．fell C．stood D．climbed 47．The father might feel ________ when he heard his son’s voice. A．upset B．sad C．excited D．worried 48．How many students were still alive (活着) when the father found them in the ruins? A．Fourteen. B．Thirty-three. C．Forty-seven. D．Nineteen. 49．Why did the son want the other kids to get out first? A．Because there was a large stone on his body. B．Because he believed that his father would still be there for him. C．Because many of the kids didn’t have parents. D．Because he promised the others that they could get out first. 50．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Never Give Up B．An Earthquake Makes People Strong C．Let Others Go Out First D．I Will Always Be There 四、单词拼写 51．Let’s note down the answers in a t________. 52．The city is attractive to tourists because of its beautiful scenery and r________ history. 53．P________ can’t fly like other birds but they can swim very fast like fish. 54．The k________ to happiness is to see all the beauty of the world. 55．In daily life, I’m p________ enough to wait for a long time without getting angry. 56．Great c________ have taken place in our hometown over the past 10 years. 57．My teacher often gives me some s_________ on how to improve my English. 58．It’s important to develop local i________ because they will create more jobs. 59．My English teacher asked us to have a c________ about shopping in a supermarket. We had to talk to each other. 60．The doctor t________ the patient’s malaria with a special medicine. 61．When choosing summer camp activities, you have two o________, joining the science exploration group, or signing up for the art workshop. 62．The Sahara is ________ (large) desert in the world. 63．The _________ (appear) of new inventions surprises us. 64．For the famous actor Ge You, ________ is his individual character, which makes him even more humorous. (bald) 65．________ (hurt) words from others can break us, but kindness helps. 66．My brother is good at making useful things from ________ (use) old items. 67．The ________ (spend) of money should be controlled. 68．It’s ________ (kind) of you to help protect the endangered plants in the area. 69．He is a ________ (train) athlete who has won many competitions. 70．He was invited to many international ________ (compete) last year. 五、选词填空 knee, treat, peck, boil, press, oven, onion, invite 71．I need to my clothes before the trip. 72．Please some water for tea. 73．They their teacher to the party the week before. 74．The doctor the sick boy properly when he was seriously ill. 75．He hurt both of his when he fell off the bike. 六、短文填空 许多年前，一位探险家在那座白雪皑皑的山峰上发现了一座美丽的寺庙。从那时起，当地的人们相信在那座寺中生活能帮助他们在平静祥和中享受长寿。多亏了这座寺庙宁静的环境，一些曾有过濒死体验的人在那里找到了内心的安宁。 Many years ago, an explorer discovered a beautiful temple on the 76 77 . From 78 79 , the local people held the belief that living there could help them enjoy long 80 in peace and 81 . 82 the peaceful environment of the temple, some people who once had 83 84 found inner peace there. 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词，使短文完整。（每空一词） During my first year of high school, I was a skinny boy who weighed just 55kg. I d 85 of being a football star, so I played very hard, but I spent most of my time on the bench. Over that summer, I found a special d 86 that bodybuilders used to build muscles (肌肉). D 87 a lot of whole milk, eating proper amount of meat, fish etc. and lifting weights every day added an extra 11 kg of muscles on my body. By the time the football season started, I felt ready. I soon felt very s 88 when I saw that I was still smaller and slower than most of the other boys. I found myself on the bench again. That was to change during one of our first games of the season. We had built up a lead and the coach felt safe enough to send me in for a while to play halfback (前卫). I was so e 89 . On the very first play, I met with challenges. When the quarterback (四分卫) handed the ball off to me, I thought it was my time to show off. However, I was soon hit by three of the other team’s p 90 . They hit me hard to the g 91 . I got up and walked off the field, back to the b 92 . Over the years, I had thought of t 93 of times achieving (获得) something, only to find that the world had other plans. I hated this for a long time. It was not until I became a football commentator (解说员) that I finally realized that maybe the world’s plans for me were b 94 than my own. Just as a saying goes, “When the Lord closes one door, somewhere else he opens a window.” 七、书面表达 95．习近平总书记在2025年新年贺词中说道：“梦虽遥，追则能达；愿虽艰，持则可圆。”成功之路充满了困难和挑战，但只要我们树立目标，埋头苦干，就能克服困难，实现梦想。请你结合提示和自身实际，以“Fighting for dreams”为题写一篇短文。 1. What is your dream? 2. Why do you dream for that? 3. How will you realize your dream? 注意事项： 1. 文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息； 2. 词数：100词左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 3. 文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。 Fighting for dreams Everyone has a dream, My dream is _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第4页，共9页 试卷第1页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 江苏省南京外国语学校2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末模拟练习 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B C D A A C C B B A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C C D B A D D B D C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A B A C D C D B C D 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 A C B A B A C C D B 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 D C B C B B C A B D 1．B 【详解】句意：锻炼后不要忘记多喝水。 waters错误写法；water水；juice果汁；food食物。根据“drink”可知，此处应填液体，且“多喝水”为常见健康建议，应填water。 2．C 【详解】句意：为了在人群中保持安全，我们必须避免在公共场所推搡他人。 考查动词固定搭配。push推，动词原形；to push推，动词不定式；pushing推，动名词/现在分词；pushed推，过去式/过去分词，avoid后需接动名词作宾语，构成avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”的固定搭配。故选C。 3．D 【详解】句意：卢沟桥有八百多年的历史，成百上千的游客已经参观过了。 考查数词“hundred”的用法。hundred百；hundreds数百。hundred前面有具体数字修饰时，不加s；hundreds of“成百上千的”。故选D。 4．A 【详解】句意：我们借助一款旅行应用程序进行了敦煌线上游览。 考查介词辨析。of属于……的；with和……一起；for为了；to到。根据“an online tour…Dunhuang”和“…the help of a travel app”可知，“take a tour of+地点”是固定搭配，意为“游览某地”，符合语境；“with the help of...”是固定搭配，意为“在……的帮助下”，第一空用of，第二空用with。故选A。 5．A 【详解】句意：这场大雪过后，地面被雪覆盖了。 covered with被……覆盖，强调覆盖的状态；filled with充满；full of充满；covered by被……覆盖，侧重‌动作的执行者。根据“The ground is...snow after the heavy snowfall.”可知，下过雪后，地面会被雪覆盖，此处强调覆盖的持续状态，应用covered with。 6．C 【详解】句意：据说这部关于恐龙的纪录片今晚将有一场现场直播。它让恐龙在屏幕上活灵活现。 考查形容词辨析。alive 活着的（作表语或后置定语）；live 现场直播的（作前置定语）；living 活着的（作前置定语）。第一空修饰“show（节目）”，表示“现场直播的”，需用前置定语，故选 live；第二空表示“活着的/活灵活现的”，在句中作宾语补足语，且位于宾语之后，需用 alive。故选C。 7．C 【详解】句意：这只猫喜欢躲在门后，等着捉老鼠。 考查动词辨析。dance跳舞；sing唱歌；hide躲藏；play玩耍。根据“behind the door, waiting for mice”可知，此处指猫为了抓老鼠，躲在门后。故选C。 8．B 【详解】句意：——你感冒多久了？——从两天前开始的。 考查介词辨析。During表示“在……期间”；Since表示从某个时间点开始；In表示在将来一段时间之后；At表示在具体时刻。问句“How long have you had this cold?”是现在完成时，询问持续时间，答语“two days ago”是过去的时间点，需用since表示“从两天前开始”。故选B。 9．B 【详解】句意：她擅长做研究。她想成为一名科学家。 be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，其中at是介词，后面要跟动名词形式，researching符合题意。 10．A 【详解】句意：他们的孩子处于能说单个单词但还不能说完整句子的阶段。 考查定语从句。where在哪里；when什么时候；that那个；which哪一个。根据“Their child is at the stage...she can say individual words but not full sentences.”可知，本句是一个定语从句，句子的先行词是“the stage”，表示抽象的地点或范围，此处where作地点状语，引导定语从句。故选A。 11．C 【详解】句意：——高先生上星期去上海出差了。 ——这就是他不能参加会议的原因吗？A. what 什么，指代事情；B. when什么时间，指代时间； C. why 为什么，表示原因；D. where哪里，表示地点。结合语境可知，高先生去上海出差是他不能参加会议的原因。故选C。 12．C 【详解】句意：当我们到达当地剧院时，歌剧已经开演5分钟了。 had started已经开始（过去完成时）；has started已经开始（现在完成时）；had been on已经开演（过去完成时，表状态）；has been on已经开演（现在完成时，表状态）。根据时间状语“By the time we reached the local theatre”，reached是一般过去时，说明主句动作发生在“到达”这个过去动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时；又因为时间状语“for 5 minutes”是一段持续的时间，不能与短暂性动词start连用，需要用表示持续状态的be on，故选C。 13．D 【详解】句意：——今天早上你的老师说了什么？——她告诉我们我们很快会有一场考试。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，选项A“why was Tom late for school again”和选项C“how did she come to school this morning”均为疑问句语序，可排除；主句“She told us”为一般过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时态，选项B“we have too much homework”为一般现在时，时态不匹配；选项D“that we would have a test soon”为陈述句语序，且“would”是“will”的过去式，符合过去将来时的时态要求，故选D。 14．B 【详解】句意：如果我有更多时间，我就会学弹钢琴。 根据主句“I would learn”可知，这是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if引导的条件状语从句谓语动词应该用过去式had。 15．A 【详解】句意：要么你，要么你的一个朋友明天要参加会议。 在“either...or...”结构中，遵循就近原则，即谓语动词的形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致。在这个句子中，离谓语动词最近的主语是“one of your friends”，表示“你的朋友中的一个”，是单数形式，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。“is”是单数形式的be动词，符合语法规则。 16．D 【详解】句意：到去年年底为止，这个项目已经被完成了。它给当地人民带来了巨大的好处。 时间状语“by the end of last year”意为“到去年年底为止”，是过去完成时的标志，表示动作在过去某时间之前已完成。主语The project与complete之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态“had been completed”。 17．D 【详解】题干“你应该如何在下面的句子中加上正确的标点符号？” 这里是Simon说，应该加逗号，排除AB；直接引述Simon的话，要加引号。排除C。根据题意，选项D符合题意。Simon said, “If it snows, we'll make a snowman.”意思是“Simon说：“如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。””根据题意，故选D。 18．B 【详解】句意：他一小时前就出门了，所以他应该准时到达车站。火车还有两小时才开。 mustn’t禁止；should应该；can’t不可能；might not可能不。根据“一小时前出门”和“火车还有两小时才开”，可以判断时间非常充裕，他应该能准时到，故选B。 19．D 【详解】句意：哪一句与“我发现季节真的很美”结构相同？ 考查句子结构分析。原句“I find seasons really beautiful.”为“主语(I) + 谓语(find) + 宾语(seasons) + 宾语补足语(beautiful)”的“主谓宾宾补”结构。A选项“Spring is the music of energy and colour.”为主系表结构；B选项“Summer offers us long and sunny days.”为主谓双宾结构，us为间接宾语，days为直接宾语；C选项“Autumn winds blow the golden leaves.”为主谓宾结构，无宾语补足语；D选项“The first snow paints the world white.”为“主语(The first snow)+谓语(paints)+宾语(world)+宾语补足语(white)”的“主谓宾宾补”结构。D选项句子结构与“I find seasons really beautiful.”相同。故选D。 20．C 【详解】句意：你正在和最好的朋友讨论加入志愿者活动。哪个表达是非正式的？ I am writing to ask for your advice on volunteer work. 我写信是想请教您关于志愿者工作的建议。（正式）；How may I assist you with your plan? 我能如何协助您的计划？（正式）；Dude, let’s join the community volunteer activity together! 哥们儿，咱们一起加入社区志愿者活动吧！（非正式，使用“Dude”和“let’s”）；Excuse me. Could you help me with the volunteer plan? 打扰一下。您能帮我处理志愿者计划吗？（正式）。根据题干“informal”可知，要求选择非正式的表达，C项使用“Dude”（哥们儿）等口语化词语，属于非正式表达，应填Dude, let’s join the community volunteer activity together! 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名志愿者第一次参与救火的经历以此告诉人们要及时行动起来帮助他人。 【详解】21．句意：我还记得我的第一次救火。 remember记得；understand理解；discover发现；mind介意。根据下文的叙述可知是在回忆作者的第一次救火经历，因此应是记得第一次救火。故选A。 22．句意：我们的队长正在和屋主交谈，她肯定正在经历人生中最糟糕的日子之一。 fighting with和……打斗；talking with和……谈话；counting down倒计时；playing against与……比赛。根据下文“At midnight, she was standing outside in heavy rain without…while her house was in the big fire.”可知，屋主在雨中看着自己的房子在燃烧，因此此处她应是和消防队队长在交谈。故选B。 23．句意：我们的队长正在和屋主交谈，她肯定正在经历人生中最糟糕的日子之一。 worst最糟糕的；easiest最容易的；weakest最虚弱的；warmest最暖和的。根据下文“At midnight, she was standing outside in heavy rain without…while her house was in the big fire.”可知，屋主在雨中看着自己的房子在燃烧，这是最糟糕的。故选A。 24．句意：午夜时分，她没穿鞋子站在外面，冒着大雨，而她的房子发生了大火。 glasses眼镜；trousers长裤；shoes鞋子；coats外套。根据下文“Bezos, I need you to go upstairs past the fire. and get this woman a pair of shoes.”可知，屋主没穿鞋子。故选C。 25．句意：另一位比我早来的志愿者被要求先救房主的狗。 stronger更强壮的；prouder更骄傲的；healthier更健康的；earlier更早的。根据下文“I carried the shoes downstairs where I met the other…with the dog.”可知，这位志愿者比作者早到火场，因此先被派去救小狗。故选D。 26．句意：虽然这并不是我所希望的，但我还是去了——走上楼梯，穿过走廊，穿过大火，进入她的卧室去拿一双鞋。 where在哪里；who谁；what什么；when什么时候。根据“I was hoping for”可知缺少了宾语，用what来引导从句。故选C。 27．句意：虽然这并不是我所希望的，但我还是去了——走上楼梯，穿过走廊，穿过大火，进入她的卧室去拿一双鞋。 my我的；your你的；his他的；her她的。根据上文“Bezos, I need you to go upstairs past the fire. and get this woman a pair of shoes.”可知，屋主是一位女性，此处是指进入她的卧室。故选D。 28．句意：我把鞋子带到楼下，在那里遇到了另一位带着狗的志愿者。 firefighter消防员；volunteer志愿者；captain队长；manager经理。根据上文“The other volunteer, who was…than me, was asked to save the homeowner’s dog first.”可知，是遇到了比作者早到的去找狗的那位志愿者。故选B。 29．句意：我们把我们的“珍宝”拿到外面交给房主，毫不奇怪，他的“珍宝”比我的“珍宝”受到了更多的关注。 probably或许；naturally自然；surprisingly惊讶地；immediately立刻。根据上文“I carried the shoes downstairs where I met the other…with the dog.”可知，这位志愿者抱出的是屋主的小狗，因此被给于更多的关注是毫不奇怪的。故选C。 30．句意：几周后，公司收到了来自屋主的一封信，感谢我们救了她的家。 calling打电话；sending派送；leading带领；thanking感谢。根据“received a letter from the homeowner…us for saving her home”可知是收到了屋主的感谢信。故选D。 31．句意：她提到的最重要的善举是，有人甚至给她带了一双鞋子。 kindness善良；peace和平；politness礼貌；humour幽默。根据上文“for saving her home”可知，她的家被挽救了，她在感谢消防员们的善举。故选A。 32．句意：她提到的最重要的善举是，有人甚至给她带了一双鞋子。 still仍然；hardly几乎不；even甚至；only只有。根据“got her a pair of shoes”可知此处屋主特地强调了有人给她带回了一双鞋子。故选C。 33．句意：我希望你记住的是——不要等待。 with和；in在……里面；by通过；from来自。keep sth in mind“记住某事”。故选B。 34．句意：如果你有可以给予的东西，现在就拿出来。 If如果；Before在……之前；Because因为；Since自从。根据“you have something to give, give it now”可知此处假设如果有可以给予的东西现在就把它拿出来，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 35．句意：并不是每天我们都有机会去拯救别人的生命。 notice注意；save挽救；forget忘记；decide决定。save one’s life“挽救某人的生命”。故选B。 36．A 37．C 38．C 39．D 40．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了上海巴士观光游的三条特色路线。 36．表格第四列“Green Route…1 hour”明确指出绿色路线的全程时长为1小时。 37．表格第二列“Red Route…People’s Park…Yu Garden…”表明红色路线同时涵盖公园和园林。 38．倒数第三行“Please call 021-63515988 to book tickets and you will get them by mail.”、表格倒数第四行“Lasting time…1 hour…1 hour and 15 minutes…1 hour”、倒数第二行“Pick from eight languages to be able to learn more about the city.”分别标注了订票电话、路线时长及多语言选择，未提及行李箱尺寸。 39．表格第三列“Blue Route……1 hour and 15 minutes”及第四列“Green Route…1 hour”说明蓝线比绿线耗时更长。 40．表格最后一行“24-hour:￥200/adult; 48-hour:￥300/adult…Children aged 5 to 15 are 50％ and under 5 are free”Tom和Kate是2位成人，费用为200×2=400元；10岁孩子按50%收费，200×50%=100元；3岁孩子免费。总计400+100=500元。 41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了滑梯背后的科学原理。 41．细节理解题。根据“Slides are simple but always fun. All you need to do is climb up to the top and slide down. But did you know that there is science behind this simple playground equipment (设备)?”可知，作者通过提问的方式开启文章，引出滑梯背后有科学原理这一话题。故选D。 42．词句猜测题。根据“Things stay still (静止的) unless something makes them ▲. It is Newton’s first law.”以及常识可知，根据牛顿第一定律，物体保持静止状态，除非有外力使它运动，所以此处空白处应填“move”。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据“Do you feel you are slowing down a bit? When two things rub (摩擦) against each other, they cause friction (摩擦力). Without friction, you will slide down faster and faster to the bottom.”可知，当两个物体相互摩擦时会产生摩擦力，有摩擦力时下滑速度会变慢。故选B。 44．细节理解题。根据“Your feet touch the ground and add extra friction. Newton’s first law also says moving things keep moving unless something makes them stop. So, if you do not use your feet, you’ll fly off the slide.”可知，如果不用脚，就会滑下滑梯，即从滑梯上飞出去。故选C。 45．最佳标题题。全文围绕滑梯背后的科学原理展开，先引出滑梯有科学原理，接着分别从牛顿第一定律、摩擦力、重力等方面阐述滑梯工作的科学依据，所以选项B“滑梯背后的科学”精准概括主题。故选B。 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了地震后一位父亲坚守对儿子的承诺，持续挖掘废墟寻找儿子，最终找到儿子及部分同学，儿子也坚信父亲会来救他的故事，体现了父子间深厚的爱与信任。 【详解】46．文章第一段“a father rushed to his son’s school immediately and found all the buildings collapsed and looked like a pancake”，描述父亲到学校看到建筑像煎饼，结合常识可知地震后建筑应是倒塌了，“fell”有“倒塌”之意，所以“collapsed”意思是“倒塌”，与“fell”意思相近。 47．文章第三段“in the 39th hour, he heard his son’s words”，父亲经过长时间挖掘后听到儿子声音，按照常理此时父亲应是激动的，“excited”符合语境。 48．文章第四段“There are 14 of us left among us 33 classmates”，明确说明33个同学中还剩14个活着。 49．文章最后一段“No. Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!”，表明儿子让其他孩子先出去是因为他相信父亲会一直在他身边救他。 50．文章围绕父亲对儿子“No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!”的承诺展开，体现了父亲坚守承诺以及儿子对父亲的信任，“I Will Be Always There”能很好地概括文章主旨。 51．table/able 【详解】句意：让我们把答案记录在表格里吧。结合首字母提示及“in a…”可知，此处应指将答案记录在表格里，table“表格”符合语境，且不定冠词a后应用其名词单数形式。故填table。 52．rich/ich 【详解】句意：这座城市风景优美、历史底蕴丰厚，因此对游客很有吸引力。修饰名词history需用形容词；根据首字母r及“attractive to tourists（吸引游客）”的语境，rich表示“丰富的”，rich history意为“悠久的历史”。 53．(P)enguins 【详解】句意：企鹅不能像其他鸟一样飞，但是它们可以像鱼一样游得很快。根据“…can’t fly like other birds but they can swim very fast like fish.”及首字母提示可知，此处表达企鹅不能像其他鸟一样飞，空处应用可数名词的复数作主语，penguin“企鹅”，可数名词。故填(P)enguins。 54．key/ey 【详解】句意：获得幸福的关键在于能够发现世间所有的美好。根据“The ... to happiness is to see all the beauty of the world.”和首字母可知，发现世间的美好是幸福的关键。the key to...表示“……的关键”。故填key。 55．patient/atient 【详解】句意：在日常生活中，我足够有耐心，可以等很长时间而不生气。此处为固定搭配be patient enough to do sth.，表示“足够有耐心做某事”，空前为am，因此空处应填patient。 56．changes/hanges 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据“have taken place in our hometown”和首字母，此处是说发生巨大变化，空格处在句中作主语，使用可数名词change，根据助动词“have”，用复数changes。 57．suggestions/uggestions 【详解】句意：我的老师经常给我一些提高英语水平的建议。根据“on how to improve my English”和首字母提示可知，就如何提高英语给出了一些建议。suggestions“建议”，some后用可数名词复数形式。故填suggestions。 58．industries/ndustries 【详解】句意：发展本地产业很重要，因为它们会创造更多的就业机会。根据“It’s important to develop local...because they will create more jobs.”和首字母提示可知，它们将创造更多就业机会，可以推断此处应填industries“产业/工业”，develop local industries“发展本地产业”是常见搭配，与“创造就业”构成因果关系，用名词复数。故填industries。 59．conversation/onversation 【详解】句意：我的英语老师让我们就超市购物进行一段对话。我们得互相交谈。根据首字母提示“c”和“about shopping in a supermarket”及“We had to talk to each other”可知，此处应填入表示“对话”的名词。conversation“对话”符合语境；have a conversation“进行一段对话”，作宾语。故填conversation。 60．treated/reated 【详解】句意：这位医生用一种特殊的药物治疗了病人的疟疾。根据首字母提示t和句中“the patient’s malaria with a special medicine”可知，此处需要表达“治疗”的含义，且句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应使用动词treat的过去式treated。故填treated。 61．(o)ptions 【详解】句意：在选择夏令营活动时，你有两个选择，加入科学探索小组，或者报名参加艺术工作坊。根据首字母提示和“joining the science exploration group, or signing up for the art workshop”可知，此处指“两个选择”，名词option“选择”符合语境，基数词two后接可数名词的复数形式，所以空处应填option的复数形式options。故填(o)ptions。 62．the largest 【详解】句意：撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。句中“in the world”表示比较范围，是三者及三者以上的比较，此时要用形容词的最高级形式。“large”作为形容词时，意为“大的”，其最高级形式为“the largest”，这里“the”不能省略，因为形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词“the” ，故填the largest。 63．appearance 【详解】句意：新发明的出现令我们惊讶。根据句子结构可知，此处需要一个名词作主语，且该名词由定冠词“The”修饰。“appear”是动词，意为“出现”，其名词形式为“appearance”，意为“出现；外貌”。此处指“新发明的出现”，符合语境。故填appearance。 64．baldness 【详解】句意：对于著名演员葛优来说，秃顶是他的个性，这让他更加幽默。bald“秃顶的”，形容词，此处是作主语，应用名词baldness。故填baldness。 65．Hurtful 【详解】句意：来自他人的伤人的话语会击垮我们，但善意有所帮助。根据“words”提示，此处应填形容词作定语修饰words。“hurt”为动词，其形容词形式hurtful“伤人的”符合句意，位于句首首字母大写。 66．used 【详解】句意：我弟弟擅长将用过的旧东西做成有用的东西。use“使用”，此处修饰名词短语old items，用其形容词形式used“用过的”。 67．spending 【详解】句意：金钱的支出应当加以控制。the后接名词，此处作主语，spend的名词形式是spending“支出”。故填spending。 68．kind 【详解】句意：你能帮忙保护该地区的濒危植物，真是太好了。kind“善良的”，形容词作表语。 69．trained 【详解】句意：他是一名训练有素的运动员，赢得了许多比赛。句中“athlete”为名词，需要用形容词来修饰。train为动词，其过去分词trained可作形容词，表示“受过训练的，训练有素的”。 70．competitions 【详解】句意：去年他受邀参加了许多国际比赛。根据“many”提示，后接可数名词复数形式作宾语。“compete”为动词，其名词形式competition“比赛”的复数形式是competitions。 71．press 72．boil 73．invited 74．treated 75．knees 【详解】71．句意：旅行前我需要熨烫我的衣服。根据“my clothes before the trip”及备选词汇可知，这里指的是旅行前熨烫/压平衣服，press表示“熨烫、压平”，need to后接动词原形，故填press。 72．句意：请烧一点水来泡茶。根据“some water for tea”及备选词汇可知，这里指的是烧水，boil表示“煮沸、烧开”，本句为祈使句，用动词原形开头，故填boil。 73．句意：一周前他们邀请他们的老师来参加派对。 根据“their teacher to the party”及备选词汇可知，这里指的是邀请老师参加派对，invite表示 “邀请”；结合时间状语“the week before” 可知，此处要用一般过去时，invite 的过去式为invited，故填invited。 74．句意：当这个男孩病得很重时，医生妥善地治疗了他。 根据“The doctor...the sick boy”及备选词汇可知，这里指的是医生治疗病人，treat表示“治疗、医治”；结合时间状语从句“when he was seriously ill”可知，此处要用一般过去时，treat的过去式为treated，故填treated。 75．句意：他从自行车上摔下来时，伤了他的两个膝盖。 根据“hurt both of his...when he fell off the bike”及备选词汇可知，这里指的是摔伤膝盖，knee表示“膝盖”；结合“both of”可知，此处要用名词复数形式，knee的复数为 knees，故填knees。 snowy peak then on lives harmony Thanks to near-death experiences 【导语】本文讲述了一座山峰上的美丽寺庙，被人们认为能带来平静与长寿，并使经历过濒死体验的人重获内心安宁。 【详解】76．句意：许多年前，一位探险家在那座白雪皑皑的山峰上发现了一座美丽的寺庙。表示“白雪皑皑的”应用形容词snowy，故填snowy。 77．句意：许多年前，一位探险家在那座白雪皑皑的山峰上发现了一座美丽的寺庙。表示“山峰”应用peak，意为“山”，名词。故填peak。 78．句意：从那时起，当地的人们相信在那座寺中生活能帮助他们在平静祥和中享受长寿。固定短语from then on意为“从那时起”。故填then。 79．句意：从那时起，当地的人们相信在那座寺中生活能帮助他们在平静祥和中享受长寿。固定短语from then on意为“从那时起”。故填on。 80．句意：从那时起，当地的人们相信在那座寺中生活能帮助他们在平静祥和中享受长寿。表示“生命”应用lives，long lives意为“长寿”。此处表泛指，用其复数形式。故填lives。 81．句意：从那时起，当地的人们相信在那座寺中生活能帮助他们在平静祥和中享受长寿。表示“和谐”应用名词harmony，不可数名词，故填harmony。 82．句意：多亏了这座寺庙宁静的环境，一些曾有过濒死体验的人在那里找到了内心的安宁。表示“多亏了”应用Thanks to，动词短语。放在句首，首字母要大写。故填Thanks to。 83．句意：多亏了这座寺庙宁静的环境，一些曾有过濒死体验的人在那里找到了内心的安宁。表示“濒死的”应用near-death，形容词作定语。故填near-death。 84．句意：多亏了这座寺庙宁静的环境，一些曾有过濒死体验的人在那里找到了内心的安宁。表示“经历”应用experiences，此处表泛指，用复数形式。故填experiences。 85．(d)reamed/(d)reamt 86．(d)iet 87．(D)rinking 88．(s)ad/(s)tressed 89．(e)xcited 90．(p)layers 91．(g)round 92．(b)ench 93．(t)housands 94．(b)etter 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者梦想成为一名足球明星，但是大部分时间都坐在替补席上，终于有机会上场却被撞倒，又重新回到了替补席上。但是经过努力，作者终于成为了一名足球解说员。 85．句意：我梦想成为一名足球明星，所以我踢得很努力，但我大部分时间都在替补席上度过。根据“of being a football star”可知是梦想成为足球明星，dream“梦想”，本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)reamed/(d)reamt。 86．句意：那年夏天，我发现了一种特殊的饮食，健美运动员用来锻炼肌肉。根据“a lot of whole milk, eating proper amount of meat, fish etc”可知这是一个特殊的饮食，diet“饮食”。故填(d)iet。 87．句意：喝大量全脂牛奶，吃适量的肉、鱼等，每天举重，使我的身体多增了11公斤肌肉。根据“a lot of whole milk”可知是喝全脂牛奶，drink“喝”，此处作主语用动名词。故填(D)rinking。 88．句意：当我看到自己仍然比其他大多数男孩小、慢时，我很快就感到非常难过/有压力的。根据“when I saw that I was still smaller and slower than most of the other boys”可知是看到自己比其他男孩小和慢时，应感到很难过/有压力，sad“难过的”，stressed“有压力的”。故填(s)ad/(s)tressed。 89．句意：我太激动了。根据“the coach felt safe enough to send me in for a while to play halfback”可知教练让作者去打前卫，作者应该感到兴奋，excited“兴奋的”。故填(e)xcited。 90．句意：然而，我很快就被对方球队的三名球员击中了。根据“I was soon hit by three of the other team’s”可知是被对方的球队的球员击中了，player“球员”，此处用名词复数。故填(p)layers。 91．句意：他们把我重重地撞在地上。根据“They hit me hard to the...”可知是被撞到地上，ground“地上”。故填(g)round。 92．句意：我起身走出球场，回到替补席上。根据“I found myself on the bench again”可知是又回到了替补席上，bench“替补席”。故填(b)ench。 93．句意：这些年来，我曾无数次想过要有所成就，却发现世界另有计划。根据“of times...”可知是想过无数次，thousands of“数千的”。故填(t)housands。 94．句意：直到我成为一名足球解说员，我终于意识到，也许世界对我的计划比我自己的要好。根据“than my own”可知世界对我的计划比自己的计划好，用比较级better“更好”。故填(b)etter。 95．例文 Fighting for dreams Everyone has a dream. My dream is to become a nurse. Since I was a little child, I have always dreamt of becoming a nurse. To me, being a nurse means more than just a job. It requires patience, quick-thinking and good skills. Nurses are the ones who provide comfort and care for patients. They are also the ones who help people go through difficult times. To achieve my dream, I am determined to study hard and gain necessary knowledge. I’ll also actively take part in all kinds of activities to gain practical experience. I am confident that with my hard work and determination, I will be able to realize my dream. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步、承接已给的开头，介绍自己的梦想是什么； 第二步、介绍为什么有着这样的梦想； 第三步、介绍如何实现自己的梦想。 [亮点词汇] ①dream of梦想 ②more than不只是 ③go through经历 ④be determined to决定 ⑤take part in参加 ⑥all kinds of各种各样的 [高分句型] ①Nurses are the ones who provide comfort and care for patients.(who引导定语从句) 答案第2页，共14页 答案第1页，共14页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $