Unit 4 Natural Disasters 词汇课前自测-2027届高三英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 以自然灾难主题语篇为载体，通过语境化词汇应用与多维自测结合，系统构建Unit 4词汇网络，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语篇语境记单词|14空语篇填空|主题语篇情境填词|核心词汇嵌入灾难场景语篇，形成"概念-情境-应用"记忆链| |课前自测|写作词汇12题+阅读词汇20题连线|短语搭配填空+词义匹配连线|从词汇理解到固定搭配再到词义辨析，构建"理解-应用-辨析"词汇应用体系|

必修第一册 Unit 4词汇课前自测 一、语篇语境记单词 In the 1. _________ (背景) of nature’s anger, the world often witnesses the severe consequences of various 2. _________ (灾难). Whether it be a continuous 3. _________ (旱灾) causing dry lands, or a sudden volcanic eruption spewing molten lava (喷发熔岩), nature’s anger leaves behind a path of damage and destruction. The ground may 4. ______ (滑动), burying homes and lives, or a strong 5. _________ (洪水) might sweep away everything in its path, causing death and 6. _________ (影响) the lives of many people. As if called upon by the elements, the brave individuals involved in rescue efforts display remarkable 7. _________ (智慧) and unwavering effort to 8. _________ (运送) victims from danger and provide 9. _________ (避难所).In the aftermath (灾后), survivors find themselves in shock, staring at the damage that surrounds them, with homes reduced to ruins and essential infrastructure (基础设施) made useless. 10. _____________ (电) and communication 11. _______ (管道) were unusable, leaving people 12. ___________ (使陷入困境) without the basic necessities. In the open air, amidst the chaos, an urgent need for immediate aid arises. Emergency kits become a vital support, offering essential supplies for those who managed to 13. _________ (幸存) the disaster. Despite the considerable 14. ________ (长度) of the recovery process, a collective calm settles in as communities pull together. The true measure of a society’s strength is revealed in how it faces challenges. 二、课前自测 （1）写作词汇 1. _________ hit area 灾区 2. _________ deeply深呼吸 3. ________ a lecture做演讲 4. ________ workers 营救人员 5. _______ the country统一国家 6. _______ one’s study影响某人学习 7. an ____________ exit 紧急出口 8. historical _________ 历史背景 9. spare no _______ … 不遗余力…… 10. in short ________ 供应短缺 11. keep ______ 保持镇静 12. serious __________ 严重损害 （2）阅读词汇（连线） 1. tornado n. 海啸 2. drought n. 龙卷风；旋风 3. landslide n. 旱灾；久旱 4. tsunami n. (地)震级；重大 5. magnitude n. (山地或悬崖的)崩塌 6. helicopter n. 砖；砖块 7. brick n. 直升机 8. shelter vt. 摧毁；毁灭 9. destroy n. & v. 轻叩；轻敲 10. tap n. 避难处 vt. 掩蔽 11. pipe n. 台风 12. typhoon n. 飓风 13. hurricane n. 金属 14. metal n. 百分之…… 15. percent n. 管子；管道 16. kit v. (使)滑行；滑动 17. crack n. 成套工具；成套设备 18. slide n. 裂纹：裂缝 v. (使)破裂 19. whistle vt. 疏散；撤出 vi. 撤离 20. evacuate v. 吹口哨 vi. 发出笛声 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $必修第一册Unit4词汇课前自测 一、语篇语境记单词 In the1._context(背景)of nature's anger, the world often witnesses the severe consequences of various2._disasters(灾难).Whether it be a continuous3.drought(旱灾)causing dry lands, or a sudden volcanic eruption spewing molten lava (喷发熔岩)，nature's anger leaves behind a path of damage and destruction. The ground may4.slide(滑动)，burying homes and lives,or a strong 5.flood _(洪水)might sweep away everything in its path,causing death and6.affecting(影响)the lives of many people. As if called upon by the elements,the brave individuals involved in rescue efforts display remarkable7.wisdom(智慧)and unwavering effort to8._deliver(运送)victims from danger and provide9._shelter(避难所. In the aftermath(灾后)，survivors find themselves in shock,staring at the damage that surrounds them,with homes reduced to ruins and essential infrastructure(基础设施)made useless.. 10.Electricity (and communication ll.pipes(管道逾)were unusable,leaving people 12.trapped(使陷入困境)without the basic necessities.In the open air,amidst the chaos,an urgent need for immediate aid arises. Emergency kits become a vital support,offering essential supplies for those who managed to 13.survive(幸存the disaster.. Despite the considerable14.length(长度) of the recovery process,a collective calm settles in as communities pull together.The true measure of a society's strength is revealed in how it faces challenges. 二、课前自测 (1)写作词汇 l.disaster hit area灾☒ 2.breathe deeply深呼吸 3.deliver a lecture做演讲 4.rescue workers营救人员 5.unif_the country统一国家 6.affect_one's study影响某人学习 7.an emergency exit紧急出口 8.historical context历史背景 9.spare no_effort..不遗余力… 10.in short supply供应短缺 l1.keep calm保持镇静 12.serious damage严重损害 (2)阅读词汇（连线） 1.tornado n.海啸 2.drought n.龙卷风：旋风 3.landslide n.旱灾：久旱 4.tsunami n.(地)震级；重大 5.magnitude n.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌 6.helicopter n.砖；砖块 7.brick- n.直升机 8.shelter 摧毁：毁灭 9.destroy n.&y.轻叩；轻敲 10.tap n.避难处vt.掩蔽 11.pipe n.台风 12.typhoon n.飓风 13.hurricane n.金属 14.metal n.百分之… 15.percent n.管子；管道 16.kit .(使滑行：滑动 17.crack n.成套工具；成套设备 18.slide n.裂纹：裂缝y.(使)破裂 19.whistle vu.疏散；撤出vi.撤离 20.evacuate v.吹口哨i.发出笛声