内容正文:
小升初英语总复习·代词(知识点梳理)
一、代词的定义
代词是用来代替名词或名词短语的词,以避免重复。
二、人称代词
1. 定义
人称代词是表示"我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们"的词,有人称、数和格的变化。
2. 人称代词的形式
(1)主格:在句子中作主语
单数:I, you, he, she, it
复数:we, you, they
(2)宾格:在句子中作宾语或表语
单数:me, you, him, her, it
复数:us, you, them
3. 用法
(1)主格作主语:I am a student. 我是一名学生。
(2)宾格作动词宾语:Please help me. 请帮助我。
(3)宾格作介词宾语:The book is for you. 这本书是给你的。
(4)宾格作表语:It's me. 是我。
4. 易错点
(1)I永远大写,不管在句首还是句中。
(2)人称代词并列时,通常把I放在最后,表示礼貌。
(3)it可以指代时间、天气、距离等。
三、物主代词
1. 定义
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,译为"……的"。
2. 物主代词的形式
(1)形容词性物主代词:后面必须接名词
单数:my, your, his, her, its
复数:our, your, their
(2)名词性物主代词:后面不接名词,相当于"形容词性物主代词 + 名词"
单数:mine, yours, his, hers, its
复数:ours, yours, theirs
3. 用法
(1)形容词性物主代词 + 名词:This is my book. 这是我的书。
(2)名词性物主代词单独使用:This book is mine. 这本书是我的。
(3)名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词
例:mine = my book, hers = her pen
4. 易错点
(1)形容词性物主代词后面必须接名词,不能单独使用。
(2)名词性物主代词后面不能接名词。
(3)its(它的)和it's(它是)的区别:its是物主代词,it's是it is的缩写。
(4)their(他们的)和there(那里)的区别。
四、指示代词
1. 定义
指示代词是表示"这个、那个、这些、那些"等指示概念的代词。
2. 指示代词的形式
单数:this(这个), that(那个)
复数:these(这些), those(那些)
3. 用法
(1)this和these指时间或空间上较近的人或事物。
(2)that和those指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。
(3)this可以用来介绍人:This is my friend Tom. 这是我的朋友汤姆。
(4)that可以用来避免重复:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 北京的天气比上海冷。
4. 易错点
(1)this/that后面接单数名词,these/those后面接复数名词。
(2)回答this/that的问句时,用it代替;回答these/those的问句时,用they代替。
例:What's this? It's a book. / What are these? They are books.
五、疑问代词
1. 定义
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词,一般放在句首。
2. 疑问代词的形式
who(谁,主格), whom(谁,宾格), whose(谁的,所有格)
what(什么), which(哪一个/哪一些)
3. 用法
(1)who用于对人提问,作主语或宾语:Who is that girl? 那个女孩是谁?
(2)whom用于对人提问,作宾语,口语中常用who代替:Whom/Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?
(3)whose用于对所有关系提问:Whose book is this? 这是谁的书?
(4)what用于对事物提问:What is this? 这是什么?
(5)which用于在一定范围内选择:Which one do you like? 你喜欢哪一个?
4. 易错点
(1)what和which的区别:what用于无范围的提问,which用于有范围的选择。
(2)who和what的区别:who问身份,what问职业。
例:Who is he? He is my father. / What is he? He is a teacher.
六、其他代词
1. 反身代词
表示"我自己、你自己、他自己"等,如:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
用法:enjoy oneself(玩得开心), help oneself to(随便吃), by oneself(独自)
2. 不定代词
表示不确定的人或事物,如:some, any, many, much, few, little, all, both, each, every, either, neither, none等。
七、常见考点
1. 人称代词主格和宾格的区别
2. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别
3. 指示代词this/that/these/those的用法
4. 疑问代词的用法
5. it的特殊用法(指代时间、天气、距离等)
小升初英语总复习·代词专项练习题
(满分100分)
姓名:________ 班级:________ 得分:________
------------------------------------------------------------
一、人称代词(20分)
1. 用所给代词的适当形式填空。(每空2分,共10分)
(1)______ am a student. (I / Me)
(2)Please help ______. (I / me)
(3)______ are good friends. (We / Us)
(4)The teacher asks ______ to clean the classroom. (they / them)
(5)Look at ______! (she / her)
2. 单项选择。(每题2分,共10分)
( ) 1. ______ is my mother. A. Her B. She C. Hers
( ) 2. Can you help ______? A. I B. me C. my
( ) 3. ______ are from China. A. We B. Us C. Our
( ) 4. The book is for ______. A. they B. them C. their
( ) 5. —Who is it? —It's ______. A. I B. me C. my
二、物主代词(25分)
1. 用形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词填空。(每空2分,共10分)
(1)This is ______ book. (I)
(2)The book is ______. (I)
(3)That is ______ pen. (she)
(4)The pen is ______. (she)
(5)______ classroom is big. (We)
2. 单项选择。(每题2分,共10分)
( ) 1. This is ______ bag. A. mine B. my C. I
( ) 2. The bag is ______. A. mine B. my C. I
( ) 3. —Is this ______ ruler? —Yes, it's ______. A. your; mine B. yours; my C. you; me
( ) 4. ______ name is Tom. A. He B. His C. Him
( ) 5. These books are ______. A. their B. theirs C. they
3. 改错。(每题2.5分,共5分)
(1)This is mine book. ________
(2)The book is my. ________
三、指示代词(20分)
1. 用this, that, these, those填空。(每空2分,共8分)
(1)______ is a pen. (近处)
(2)______ is a book. (远处)
(3)______ are apples. (近处)
(4)______ are oranges. (远处)
2. 单项选择。(每题2分,共8分)
( ) 1. What's ______? It's a cat. A. this B. these C. those
( ) 2. What are ______? They are dogs. A. this B. that C. those
( ) 3. ______ is my friend, Amy. A. This B. That C. These
( ) 4. The weather in Beijing is colder than ______ in Guangzhou. A. this B. that C. these
3. 改错。(每题2分,共4分)
(1)What's this? This is a pen. ________
(2)What are those? Those are books. ________
四、疑问代词(20分)
1. 用who, whose, what, which填空。(每空2分,共8分)
(1)______ is that girl? She is my sister.
(2)______ book is this? It's mine.
(3)______ is this? It's a ruler.
(4)______ one do you like, the red one or the blue one?
2. 单项选择。(每题2分,共8分)
( ) 1. ______ is he? He is my father. A. What B. Who C. Whose
( ) 2. ______ is he? He is a doctor. A. What B. Who C. Whose
( ) 3. ______ bag is this? It's Lily's. A. Who B. Whose C. What
( ) 4. ______ color do you like? A. What B. Which C. Who
3. 对划线部分提问。(每题2分,共4分)
(1)This is a book.
________________________
(2)The girl is my sister.
________________________
五、反身代词与不定代词(15分)
1. 用反身代词填空。(每空2分,共6分)
(1)I can do it by ______. (我自己)
(2)Help ______ to some fish, children.
(3)He enjoys ______ at the party.
2. 单项选择。(每题3分,共9分)
( ) 1. There isn't ______ water in the bottle. A. some B. any C. many
( ) 2. I have ______ apples. Do you want one? A. some B. any C. much
( ) 3. ______ of the two girls is from America. A. Both B. All C. Each
参考答案
一、人称代词:
1. 填空:(1)I (2)me (3)We (4)them (5)her
2. 单选:1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B
二、物主代词:
1. 填空:(1)my (2)mine (3)her (4)hers (5)Our
2. 单选:1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.B
3. 改错:(1)mine → my (2)my → mine
三、指示代词:
1. 填空:(1)This (2)That (3)These (4)Those
2. 单选:1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B
3. 改错:(1)This → It (2)Those → They
四、疑问代词:
1. 填空:(1)Who (2)Whose (3)What (4)Which
2. 单选:1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A
3. 对划线部分提问:(1)What is this? (2)Who is the girl?
五、反身代词与不定代词:
1. 填空:(1)myself (2)yourselves (3)himself
2. 单选:1.B 2.A 3.C
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