摘要:
该初中英语七年级下册Unit 8(Section A)知识清单系统整合了寓言故事主题相关的词汇、短语、句型及语法考点,涵盖寓言类核心单词(如lion, mouse)、故事叙事关键句型(一般过去时)、语音规则(th/wh发音)和专项练习,搭建从词汇积累到语法应用再到语用实践的递进式学习支架。
清单通过“核心考点分级标注”和“功能分类整合”构建知识体系,如将“一般过去时vs一般现在时区分”列为核心考点1并明确故事开头标志词(once upon a time)的时态应用,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别设计“不规则动词过去式默写清单”(如bite→bit, catch→caught)和“语音发音对比表”(th清浊辅音区分),不同基础学生可高效掌握重点,教师可直接用于课堂检测和分层教学,提升教学实效。
内容正文:
七年级英语下册Unit 8
核心知识点和练习
(Section A)
一、重点单词
【寓言故事类】
1.lion /ˈlaɪən/ n.狮子
2.mouse /maʊs/ n.老鼠(复数mice)
3.net /net/ n.网
4.hunter /ˈhʌntə(r)/ n.猎人
5.promise /ˈprɒmɪs/ v.&n.承诺;答应
6.bite /baɪt/ v.咬(过去式bit,过去分词bitten)
7.horse /hɔːs/ n.马
8.farmer /ˈfɑːmə(r)/ n.农民;农夫
9.neighbour /ˈneɪbə(r)/ n.邻居
10.emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ n.皇帝
11.cloth /klɒθ/ n.布料(复数clothes 衣服)
12.clever /ˈklevə(r)/ adj.聪明的
13.smart /smɑːt/ adj.聪慧的;机灵的
14.pretend /prɪˈtend/ v.假装
15.official /əˈfɪʃl/ n.官员;官吏
16.silly /ˈsɪli/ adj.愚蠢的;傻的
17.praise /preɪz/ v.&n.夸赞;称赞
18.shout /ʃaʊt/ v.大喊;呼喊
19.laugh /lɑːf/ v.大笑;发笑
【语法&通用动词】(不规则变形必考)
1.catch /kætʃ/ v.抓住(过去式caught)
2.let /let/ v.让;放走(过去式let)
3.lose /luːz/ v.丢失(过去式lost)
4.break /breɪk/ v.折断;弄坏(过去式broke)
5.lie /laɪ/ v.说谎(过去式lied;lay 躺)
6.buy /baɪ/ v.买(过去式bought)
7.grow /ɡrəʊ/ v.变得;生长(过去式grew)
8.ask /ɑːsk/ v.询问;要求
9.answer /ˈɑːnsə(r)/ v.回答
10.paint /peɪnt/ v.绘画 n.颜料
11.smile /smaɪl/ v.微笑
12.take /teɪk/ v.带领;拿(过去式took)
【语音音标词汇】
chair, physics, ship, throw, maths, then, with, why, who, whose
二、重点短语
1.bite through the net 咬破网
2.promise to do sth.承诺做某事
3.let sb.go 放走某人
4.long ago 很久以前(故事开头标志,用一般过去时)
5.break one’s leg 摔断某人的腿
6.have to do sth.不得不做某事
7.once upon a time 从前(童话固定开头)
8.lie to sb.对某人撒谎
9.pretend to do sth.假装做某事
10.buy some new clothes 买新衣服
11.look silly 看起来愚蠢
12.show sb.sth.= show sth.to sb.给某人展示某物
13.praise sth.夸赞某物
14.tell the truth 说出真相
15.start/begin doing sth.开始做某事
16.once upon a time 从前
17.wait for 等待
18.learn how to do sth.学习如何做某事
三、重点句型
(一)一般过去时(故事叙事核心)
1.—Did the hunter catch the lion?
—Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t.
猎人抓住狮子了吗?是的/没有。
2.What did the mouse do to help the lion?
老鼠做了什么来帮助狮子?
3.It bit through the net, and the lion got out.
它咬破了网,狮子逃了出来。
4.Long ago, a farmer lost his horse.
很久以前,一个农夫丢了他的马。
(二)一般现在时(询问喜好、客观认知)
1.What are your favourite stories?
你最喜欢的故事是什么?
2.—Do you know the story The Emperor’s New Clothes?
—Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.
你知道《皇帝的新衣》这个故事吗?知道/不知道。
3.I usually tell funny stories to my friends.
我经常给朋友讲有趣的故事。
(三)故事专用句型
1.Once upon a time, an emperor loved clothes very much.
从前,有一位皇帝非常喜欢衣服。
2.Only clever people can see them!
只有聪明的人才能看见它们!
3.No one wanted to look silly.
没人想看起来傻乎乎的。
4.They pretended to make beautiful clothes.
他们假装制作漂亮的衣服。
5.I like this story because it tells us a good lesson.
我喜欢这个故事,因为它给我们一个很好的道理。
(四)口语问答句型
1.Why did the lion laugh when the mouse promised to help him?
老鼠承诺会帮忙时,狮子为什么笑了?
2.Did the farmer feel sad when bad things happened?
坏事发生时农夫难过吗?
3.Would you like to tell me about the story?
你愿意给我讲讲这个故事吗?
四、基础考点
1.名词复数:mouse 复数 mice;cloth(布料)不可数,clothes(衣服)只用复数。
2.动词固定搭配
promise to do 承诺做某事(不能加doing)
pretend to do 假装做某事
show sb.sth.双宾语结构
begin/start doing/to do 开始做某事
3.have to 辨析:客观“不得不”,有人称时态变化;must 主观必须,无时态变化。
4.th 发音区分
清辅音 /θ/:throw, maths, three(声带不震动)
浊辅音 /ð/:then, with, this(声带震动)
5.wh 两种发音
wh + o:who, whose /h/
wh + 其他字母:why, where, what /w/
6.易混动词:lie(说谎)过去式 lied;lie(躺)过去式 lay
五、核心考点
【核心考点1】一般现在时 vs 一般过去时区分
1.一般现在时
标志:usually, every day, Do you know...
用法:描述日常习惯、客观事实、当下看法
结构:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形;主语+动词原形/三单
2.一般过去时
标志:long ago, once upon a time, yesterday, did
用法:讲述过去发生的故事、过去动作
结构:Did + 主语 + 动词原形;主语+动词过去式
3.必考陷阱:看到 once upon a time / long ago 必须用过去式。
【核心考点2】不规则动词过去式(单元默写必考)
bite→bit;catch→caught;let→let;lose→lost;break→broke;lie→lied;buy→bought;grow→grew;take→took
【核心考点3】故事阅读理解答题逻辑
所有童话/寓言问答题,回答动词统一使用一般过去时。
核心考点4:完形填空高频搭配
pretend to do; promise to do; show sb.sth.; break one’s leg; tell the truth
六、专项练习
一、单词变形填空(用所给词适当形式)
1.The mouse ______ (bite) the net and saved the lion yesterday.
2.Long ago, a farmer ______ (lose) his white horse.
3.The two brothers ______ (lie) to the emperor last week.
4.The boy promised ______ (help) the little cat.
5.He pretended ______ (make) new clothes for the king.
6.I usually ______ (tell) stories to my sister, but yesterday I ______ (tell) a sad one.
7.Once upon a time, an emperor ______ (love) beautiful clothes very much.
8.When I was young, my favourite book ______ (be) The Lion and the Mouse.
二、单项选择
1.______ you read The Emperor’s New Clothes?
—Yes, I did.
A.Do B.Did C.Does
2.The lion ______ the mouse, but later he let it go.
A.catch B.catches C.caught
3.No one wanted ______ silly in front of the emperor.
A.look B.to look C.looking
4.My horse came back with five ______ horses.
A.other B.another C.others
5.Who ______ the truth at last in the story?
A.tell B.told C.tells
三、句型转换
1.The hunter caught the lion.(改为一般疑问句并否定回答)
2.The mouse bit through the net.(对划线提问:bit through the net)
3.I like the story because it’s meaningful.(对划线提问:because it’s meaningful)
4.Long ago, the farmer lost his horse.(改为否定句)
四、短文填空(用方框词适当形式:ask, give, answer, grow, paint, smile, take, say, be, like)
Once upon a time, a king 1.______ an artist to paint him a horse.
“Please 2.______ me some time,” the artist 3..
The king waited for months and he 4.angry.“Where 5.______ my picture?” he shouted.
The artist quickly 6.______ a nice horse.The king said, “I 7.______ it! But why did you make me wait so long?”
The artist 8.______ and 9.______ the king to his house.“It took me months to learn to paint horses well,” he 10.______.
【参考答案】
一、单词变形
1.bit
2.lost
3.lied
4.to help
5.to make
6.tell; told
7.loved
8.was
二、单项选择
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B
三、句型转换
1.—Did the hunter catch the lion?
—No, he didn’t.
2.What did the mouse do?
3.Why do you like the story?
4.Long ago, the farmer didn’t lose his horse.
四、短文填空
1.asked
2.give
3.answered
4.grew
5.is
6.painted
7.like
8.smiled
9.took
10.said
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