Unit 5-Here and Now-复习知识清单2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册

Unit 5 · Here and Now 复习讲练测（七下·暑假衔接） 一、单词与短语 1. 重点单词 动词（10个）： 1. ride /raɪd/ v. 骑 n. 旅程 2. hold /həʊld/ v. 拿着；抓住 3. kick /kɪk/ v. 踢；踹 4. skate /skeɪt/ v. 滑冰 5. rush /rʌʃ/ v. & n. 冲；奔 6. shine /ʃaɪn/ v. 发光；照耀 n. 光亮 7. drop /drɒp/ v. 运送；落下 n. 滴；下降 8. drive /draɪv/ v. 开车；驾驶 9. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v. 解释；说明 10. happen /ˈhæpən/ v. 发生 名词·抽象（10个）： 11. moment /ˈməʊmənt/ n. 某个时刻；片刻；瞬间 12. festival /ˈfestɪvl/ n. 节日 13. voice /vɔɪs/ n. 嗓音；声音 14. race /reɪs/ n. 比赛；竞赛 15. message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ n. 消息；信息 16. exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ n. 考试（= examination） 17. hope /həʊp/ v. & n. 希望 18. tour /tʊə(r)/ n. & v. 旅行；旅游 19. sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n. 阳光 20. sight /saɪt/ n. 名胜；风景；视力 名词·具体（9个）： 21. dragon /ˈdræɡən/ n. 龙 22. darling /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ n. 亲爱的；宝贝 23. somebody /ˈsʌmbədi/ pron. 某人；有人 24. passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ n. 乘客 25. market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ n. 市场 26. painting /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/ n. 绘画作品；绘画；油画 27. zone /zəʊn/ n. 地区；地带；区域 28. shuttlecock /ˈʃʌtlkɒk/ n. 羽毛球 29. subway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ n. 地铁 形容词与副词（8个）： 30. online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj. 在线的 31. forward /ˈfɔːwəd/ adv. 向前 32. brightly /ˈbraɪtli/ adv. 明亮地 33. colourful /ˈkʌləfl/ adj. 色彩鲜艳的 34. slowly /ˈsləʊli/ adv. 缓慢地 35. bright /braɪt/ adj. 鲜艳的；明亮的；聪明的 36. central /ˈsentrəl/ adj. 中心的；中央的 37. such /sʌtʃ/ adj. 这样的；那样的 pron. 这样（那样）的人或事物 情态动词/感叹词/其他（3个）： 38. could /kʊd; kəd/ modal v. 能；可以（原形 can） 39. wow /waʊ/ interj. 哇；呀 40. side /saɪd/ n. 边；侧 2. 重点短语 1. right now 现在；立刻 2. at the moment 现在；此刻 3. hold on 别挂断电话；等一等 4. take a message 捎个口信 5. leave a message 留个口信 6. call back 回电话 7. work on 做；从事 8. take an online class 上网络课 9. prepare for 为……做准备 10. rush hour （上下班时的）交通高峰期 11. drop off （开车）把某人送到某处 12. pick up （开车）接，取 13. drive to work 开车上班 14. in a hurry 匆忙 15. side by side 并排；并肩地 16. look forward to 盼望 17. such as 例如 18. take part in 参加 19. time zone 时区 20. around the world 世界各地 3. 词性变化与派生词 不规则动词变化： 原词 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 ride rode ridden riding hold held held holding drive drove driven driving shine shone shone shining drop dropped dropped dropping（双写p） can could（过去式） — — 派生词： 一、动词 → 名词（指人） 1. ride (v. 骑) → rider (n. 骑手) 2. skate (v. 滑冰) → skater (n. 滑冰者) 3. drive (v. 驾驶) → driver (n. 司机) 4. tour (v. 旅行) → tourist (n. 游客) 二、动词 → 名词（指事物） 5. paint (v. 画) → painting (n. 绘画作品) 6. explain (v. 解释) → explanation (n. 解释；说明) 7. exam (n. 考试) → examination (n. 考试，全称) 8. tour (v. 旅行) → tourism (n. 旅游业) 三、动词 → 形容词 9. happen (v. 发生) → happening (adj. 正在发生的) 10. shine (v. 发光) → shining (adj. 闪耀的) 11. rush (v. 冲；奔) → rushing (adj. 匆忙的；急速流动的) 四、名词 → 形容词 12. colour (n. 颜色) → colourful (adj. 色彩鲜艳的) 13. centre (n. 中心) → central (adj. 中心的；中央的) 五、形容词 → 副词 14. bright (adj. 明亮的) → brightly (adv. 明亮地) 15. slow (adj. 慢的) → slowly (adv. 缓慢地) 六、动词/名词 → 形容词（-ful / -less） 16. hope (v./n. 希望) → hopeful (adj. 充满希望的) 17. hope (v./n. 希望) → hopeless (adj. 没有希望的) ▶ 即时练习 a. 根据首字母或中文提示填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. The Dragon Boat F__________ is a traditional Chinese holiday. 2. Could you help me take a m__________ for Mr Li? He is not in the office. 3. My sister is very busy now. She is preparing for an important e__________. 4. The park looks beautiful. The lights are s__________ brightly at night. 5. You should not d__________ rubbish everywhere. Put it in the bin. 6. I h__________ to meet my old friend at the airport yesterday. What a surprise! 7. The guide will __________ (解释) the history of the old town to us later. 8. We are all looking __________ (向前) to the summer holiday. 9. My uncle is a taxi __________ (司机). He knows every street in this city. 10. The market is full of c__________ paintings and handmade bags. b. 词形填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. My brother wants to be a professional __________ (skate) when he grows up. 2. Don't lose heart. The situation is not as __________ (hope) as you think. 3. The lights are __________ (shine) brightly in the night sky. They look like stars. 4. The children walked __________ (slow) through the museum, looking at every painting. 5. Tian'anmen Square is in the __________ (centre) part of Beijing. 6. My father is a careful __________ (drive). He never breaks the traffic rules. 7. The guide's __________ (explain) helped us understand the history of the old town. 8. There are many __________ (tour) visiting the Great Wall every year. 9. Look! The __________ (rush) water is moving fast down the river. 10. He __________ (hold) the baby gently in his arms and smiled. c. 选短语填空（共8小题，每小题1分，共8分） right now / hold on / take a message / work on / look forward to / in a hurry / drop off / such as / take part in / around the world / at the moment / prepare for 1. —Could I speak to Mr Wang? —__________, please. I'll see if he is in his office. 2. I am busy __________ a new project. I don't have time to play games. 3. They have many festivals in China, __________ the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. 4. Don't make decisions __________. You should think carefully before you decide. 5. I am __________ seeing my grandparents this weekend. I miss them very much. 6. My father will __________ me __________ at school on his way to work tomorrow. 7. People __________ are using the Internet to share their daily lives with friends. 8. Our school encourages every student to __________ at least one sport every term. 二、单元重点语音 1. 语音知识总览 字母u的三种常见发音： 字母 发音 例词 说明 u /juː/ use, usually, music, student 常在开音节中 u /uː/ rule, blue, June, true 常在部分单词中发长元音 u /ʌ/ up, us, but, rush, subway 常在闭音节中 发音规律： ● u在开音节中通常发 /juː/（如 use, music, student） ● u在闭音节中通常发 /ʌ/（如 up, rush, subway） ● u在部分单词中发 /uː/，需要单独记忆（如 rule, blue, June, true） 2. 语音练习 题① 选出发音不同的选项（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） ( ) 1. A. use B. music C. rule D. student ( ) 2. A. rush B. up C. but D. blue ( ) 3. A. subway B. true C. June D. ruler ( ) 4. A. usually B. hurry C. cute D. computer ( ) 5. A. duck B. nut C. pupil D. sun 题② 判断下列单词中字母u的发音是 /juː/、/uː/ 还是 /ʌ/（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） ( ) 1. use ( ) 2. rush ( ) 3. blue ( ) 4. usually ( ) 5. up 三、核心句型 1. 句型分类梳理 （1）询问正在做什么 1. —What are you doing at the moment? 你此刻正在做什么？ —I'm doing my homework. 我在写我的作业。 2. What is happening in different time zones around the world right now? 此刻，在世界不同的时区正在发生着什么事呢？ 3. Let's see what everyone is doing! 我们来看看大家都在做什么吧！ （2）电话用语 4. Hold on. 别挂断电话；等一等。 5. —Could I speak to...? 我能和……通话吗？ —Sorry, he is out at the moment. Can I take a message? 抱歉，他现在出去了。 6. Could you tell him to call me back? 你能告诉他给我回电话吗？ （3）表达情感与希望 7. How's life in Guangzhou? 广州的生活怎么样？ 8. It's great to hear your voice! 能听到你的声音真是太棒了！ 9. I hope it is all going well! 我希望一切顺利！ 10. I am looking forward to seeing you soon! 我正期待着尽快见到你！ （4）节日与传统 11. Hao Yi and I are making zongzi and watching dragon boat races on TV. 郝艺和我正在一边包粽子一边在电视上看龙舟比赛。 12. Jane's parents are preparing for the Dragon Boat Festival now. 简的父母现在正在为端午节做准备。 （5）城市交通 13. Some people are rushing to get home from work. But others are not in a hurry! 一些人正匆匆忙忙地下班回家，而另一些人则不慌不忙。 14. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and dropping off passengers. 明亮的黄色出租车正在接送乘客。 15. I'm driving to work today, but it's taking a long time because it's rush hour. 我今天开车去上班，但因为是交通高峰期，需要花费很长时间。 （6）日常活动 16. Mary is taking an online class in her room. 玛丽正在她房间里上网课。 17. Some people are jogging, walking, and riding bikes in Central Park. 有些人正在中央公园慢跑、散步和骑自行车。 18. Mr Zhang is watching TV and his wife is exercising on a mat! 张先生正在看电视，他的妻子正在垫子上锻炼呢！ （7）风景描写 19. Lights are shining brightly across the city and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 灯光在城市里闪耀，五颜六色的船在河上缓缓移动。 20. Many others are walking in the parks and looking at elephants and giraffes. 还有很多人正在公园里散步，看大象和长颈鹿。 2. 句子练习 题① 翻译句子：根据提示词完成句子，注意使用现在进行时（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. 此刻李华正在房间里上网课，他的父母在客厅里为端午节做准备。 （at the moment, take an online class, prepare for） _________________________________________________________________ 2. 抱歉，史密斯先生现在不在办公室。我可以捎个口信吗？请让他给我回电话。 （out, take a message, call back） _________________________________________________________________ 3. 我正盼望着暑假快点到来，因为我希望能和父母一起去西安旅行。 （look forward to, hope to, tour） _________________________________________________________________ 4. 看！一些人在公园里慢跑和遛狗，另一些人正坐在长椅上看书。 （jog, walk the dog, others, sit on the bench） _________________________________________________________________ 5. 现在是交通高峰期，出租车正忙着接送乘客，地铁里也挤满了人。 （rush hour, pick up, drop off, be full of） _________________________________________________________________ 题② 句子升格：用括号内要求的结构改写下列句子（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. I am writing a message. I want to tell my friend about the festival.（用 to do 表目的合并） _________________________________________________________________ 2. The lights are shining brightly. They make the city look beautiful.（用 so...that... 合并） _________________________________________________________________ 3. Some people are rushing to work. Others are walking slowly.（用 while 合并，表对比） _________________________________________________________________ 4. I hope to hear your voice again soon.（用 look forward to 改写） _________________________________________________________________ 5. It is great to hear your voice.（用 What 改为感叹句） _________________________________________________________________ 四、语法突破 板块1：核心语法 —— 现在进行时 【知识点1】现在进行时的构成 【详解】 项目 内容 结构 主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词 (doing) 肯定句 I am working. / She is reading. / They are playing. 否定句 I am not working. / She is not reading. / They are not playing. 一般疑问句 Am I working? / Is she reading? / Are they playing? 特殊疑问句 What are you doing? / Where is he going? be动词选择： 主语 be动词 I am he/she/it 单数 is we/you/they 复数 are 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. Look! The children __________ kites in the park. A. fly B. are flying C. flies D. is flying ( ) 2. —__________ your brother doing his homework now? —Yes, he is. A. Does B. Is C. Are D. Do 【知识点2】现在进行时的用法 【详解】 用法 含义 例句 此刻正在进行 说话时正在发生的动作 I am reading a book now. 现阶段持续 当前一段时间内持续进行的动作 We are studying hard this term. 将来安排 表示按计划即将发生的动作（go, come, leave, arrive等） I am going to Beijing this Sunday. 时间标志词 now, right now, at the moment, look, listen, these days Look! The bus is coming. 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. —What is your father doing right now? —He __________ the car in the yard. A. washes B. is washing C. washed D. will wash ( ) 2. —Where is Tom? —He __________ for Beijing this afternoon. He is packing his bags. A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. was leaving 【知识点3】现在分词变化规则 规则 例词 一般动词直接加-ing read → reading, work → working 以不发音e结尾，去e加-ing write → writing, take → taking, drive → driving 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母加-ing run → running, swim → swimming, sit → sitting, get → getting, drop → dropping 以ie结尾，变ie为y加-ing die → dying, lie → lying, tie → tying 【详解】 【精进训练】 写出下列动词的现在分词： 1. ride → __________2. drop → __________3. shine → __________4. take → __________ 5. run → __________6. lie → __________ 【知识点4】不能用于进行时的动词 【详解】 类别 常见动词 说明 感官类 see, hear, notice 表示感官动作本身，不用进行时 情感类 like, love, hate, prefer 表示情感态度，不用进行时 希望类 want, wish, hope 表示意愿希望，不用进行时 状态类 be, seem, stay, keep 表示状态，不用进行时 归属类 have, belong, own 表示归属关系，不用进行时 认知类 know, understand, believe, forget, remember 表示思维认知，不用进行时 易错提醒： ● I am knowing the answer. ✗ → I know the answer. ✓ ● She is wanting a cup of tea. ✗ → She wants a cup of tea. ✓ 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. 下列哪个句子是正确的？ A. I am liking this song very much. B. She is wanting to go home now. C. Do you understand what I am saying? D. He is having a new bike. ( ) 2. 判断下列句子是否正确，正确的写 T，错误的写 F 并改正。 ① I am knowing her name. ( ) → _________________________________ ② They are enjoying the party. ( ) → _________________________________ ③ She has a beautiful voice. ( ) → _________________________________ 板块2：看与听 【知识点5】watch / see / look / read 辨析 【详解】 词 含义 用法 例句 watch 观看；注视 长时间专注地看动态画面（电视、比赛、表演等） They are watching a dragon boat race. see 看见；看到 强调“看”的结果，看见还是没看见 Can you see the shuttlecock? look 看；瞧 强调“看”的动作，不及物，后接宾语时加 at Look! What's that? / Look at the painting. read 读；看 看有文字的内容（书、报、杂志等） She is reading a book in the garden. 固定搭配： ● watch TV/a film/a match/a race ● see a doctor/a film ● look at the blackboard/the picture ● read a book/a newspaper/a message 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. —What are you doing, Tom? —I'm __________ a novel. My sister is __________ a movie on TV. A. reading; watching B. looking; seeing C. seeing; looking D. watching; reading ( ) 2. __________ at the picture. Can you __________ the colourful boats on the river? A. See; look B. Look; see C. Look; watch D. Watch; look 【知识点6】voice / noise / sound 辨析 【详解】 词 含义 例句 voice 嗓音；说话声、歌声（指人或鸟类的发声） It's great to hear your voice! noise 噪音；吵闹声（不悦耳的声音） Don't make noise in the library. sound 声音（泛指自然界一切声音，含义最广） I can hear the sound of the river. 固定搭配： ● in a low/loud voice 低声/大声地 ● make noise 制造噪音 ● the sound of... ……的声音 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. The baby is sleeping. Please talk in a low __________. A. sound B. voice C. noise D. music ( ) 2. —What's that __________ outside the window? —It's just the wind. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. shout ( ) 3. I could hear strange __________ from the empty house at midnight. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. shout 板块3：电话交际 【知识点7】hold on / hold 短语 【详解】 短语 含义 例句 hold on 别挂断电话；等一等 Hold on, please. I'll get a pen. 坚持；抓紧 Hold on to my hand. / Hold on, everything will be all right. hold 拿着；抓住 He is holding the baby in his arms. 召开；举行 We will hold a sports meeting next week. 容纳 The room can hold 50 people. 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. —May I speak to Mr Green? —__________, please. I'll see if he is available. A. Come on B. Go on C. Hold on D. Keep on ( ) 2. When you cross the street, you should __________ your mother's hand. A. hold to B. hold on C. hold back D. hold up 【知识点8】message / take a message / leave a message / call back 【详解】 短语 含义 例句 message 消息；信息（可数名词） Can I take a message? take a message 捎口信；传话 Can I take a message for him? take a message for sb. 为某人捎口信 I'll take a message for your father. leave a message 留口信 Would you like to leave a message? send a message 发信息 She sent me a message last night. call back 回电话 Could you tell him to call me back? 辨析： 词 可数/不可数 含义 news 不可数 新闻；消息（媒体发布的事件） information 不可数 信息；资料（通过查询获得） message 可数 口信；留言（口头或书面的具体内容） 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. —I'm afraid Mrs Li isn't in. Can I __________? —Yes, please tell her to call me back. A. leave a message B. take a message C. send a message D. get a message ( ) 2. —Please tell your mother I called. It's urgent. —OK, I'll give her the __________ right away. A. news B. information C. message D. word 【知识点9】could 委婉请求 / Could you please...? 【详解】 用法 含义 例句 Could I...? 我能……吗？（请求允许，语气比can委婉） Could I speak to Mr Li? Could you please...? 请你……好吗？（礼貌请求） Could you please call me back? Could...? 表过去 can的过去式，表示过去的能力 I could swim when I was five. 肯定回答 Sure./Of course./No problem./I'd love to. 否定回答 Sorry./Sorry, I'm afraid you can't. 注意： ● Could you please...? 的否定形式是 Could you please not...? ● Could you...? 中some不用变成any：Could you give me some advice? 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. —Could you please __________ the door? It's cold outside. —Sure. A. open B. opening C. to open D. not close ( ) 2. —__________ I use your phone? I need to call my mother. —Of course. Here you are. A. Could B. Must C. Should D. Need 板块4：情感与希望 【知识点10】hope / wish 辨析 【详解】 词 搭配 含义 例句 hope hope to do sth. 希望做某事（可能实现） I hope to see you soon. hope + (that)从句 希望……（可能实现） I hope (that) I can pass the exam. wish wish to do sth. 希望做某事（愿望） I wish to visit the moon. wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 I wish you to come early. wish + (that)从句 希望……（难以实现，虚拟语气） I wish I could fly like a bird. wish sb. sth. 祝某人…… I wish you good luck. 核心区别： ● hope 希望可能实现的事，不能用 hope sb. to do sth. ● wish 希望难以实现的事，可以用 wish sb. to do sth. 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. I __________ I could fly to the moon one day. But I know it's only a dream. A. hope B. wish C. want D. plan ( ) 2. —Do you think our team will win? —__________. We have practiced hard. A. I hope so B. I wish so C. I want so D. I think it ( ) 3. 判断正误（T/F），错误的请改正。 ①I hope you to come to my party ( ) → _________________________________ ② She wishes that she can pass the exam. ( ) → _________________________________ 【知识点11】look forward to 【详解】 项目 内容 结构 look forward to + 名词/代词/动名词 含义 盼望；期待（带着愉快的心情期待某事发生） 注意 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时必须用 -ing 形式 例句： ● I am looking forward to the summer holiday. ● We are looking forward to seeing you soon. ● She looks forward to hearing from her pen pal. 对比： ● look forward to 带着愉快心情期待 ● expect 确信某事会发生，多用于好的事物，也可用于不好的事物 ● hope 希望某事发生，后接 to do 或 that 从句 易错： ● I look forward to see you. ✗ → I look forward to seeing you. ✓ 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. We are all looking forward to __________ the famous Pingyao city walls. A. visit B. visiting C. visited D. to visit ( ) 2. —What are you looking forward to? —I'm looking forward to __________ my grandparents during the summer holiday. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. seen 板块5：发生与参加 【知识点12】happen / take place 辨析 【详解】 词 含义 例句 happen 发生（偶然的、未预料到的） An accident happened on the street. happen to do 碰巧做某事 I happened to meet my old friend at the airport. happen to sb. 某人发生某事（常指不好的事） What happened to him yesterday? take place 发生；举行（按计划、有安排地） The Dragon Boat Festival takes place in June. 共同点： ● 都是不及物动词/动词短语，没有被动语态 ● An accident was happened. ✗ → An accident happened. ✓ ● The sports meeting was taken place. ✗ → The sports meeting took place. ✓ 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. The 2028 Olympic Games will __________ in Los Angeles. A. happen B. take place C. be happened D. be taken place ( ) 2. —Do you know what __________ to him yesterday? He looks sad. —He lost his new phone on the bus. A. happened B. took place C. was happened D. was taken place ( ) 3. I __________ to see my teacher at the supermarket yesterday. A. took place B. happened C. was happened D. was taken place 【知识点13】take part in / join / join in 辨析 【详解】 短语 含义 用法 例句 take part in 参加（活动、会议、比赛等） 侧重积极参加并发挥一定作用 We took part in the boat tour yesterday. join 加入（组织、团体、军队等） 成为其中一员 He joined the English club last month. join in 参加（小型活动、游戏、讨论等） 参加正在进行中的活动 Can I join in the game? join sb. 和某人一起 后接人作宾语 Would you like to join us? 注意： ● take part in 中 part 前一般不加冠词，但当 part 前有形容词时，可加 a/an：take an active part in ● join 后直接接组织名词，join in 后接活动名词 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. My brother wants to __________ the army after he finishes high school. A. join B. join in C. take part in D. attend ( ) 2. Every student is encouraged to __________ at least one sport every term. A. join B. take part in C. join in D. take part ( ) 3. —We're going to play football after school. Would you like to __________ us? —Sure, I'd love to. A. take part in B. join C. join in D. attend 板块6：词语搭配与句型 【知识点14】such as / for example 辨析 【详解】 短语 用法 例句 such as 列举同类事物中的几个例子，直接接名词/名词短语，不用逗号隔开 Children like ball games such as basketball, football and table tennis. for example 举一个例子说明，用逗号与主句隔开，可放句首、句中或句末 Many cities, for example, Beijing, have built smart transport systems. 核心区别： ● such as 前面无逗号，后面直接接例子（名词短语） ● for example 前后有逗号，后面可接名词、动名词甚至句子 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. My grandfather enjoys traditional Chinese arts, __________ paper-cutting, calligraphy and Peking Opera. A. for example B. such as C. like that D. as if ( ) 2. Some teenagers have poor eating habits. __________, they often skip breakfast and eat too much fast food. A. Such as B. Like C. For example D. As ( ) 3. I'd like to learn some musical instruments, __________ the piano and the guitar. A. for example B. such as C. as D. example 【知识点15】rush / in a hurry / hurry up 【详解】 词/短语 词性/功能 含义 例句 rush v. 冲；奔；匆忙 He rushed home to tell his parents the good news. n. 匆忙；高峰 rush hour 交通高峰期 rush to do sth. 匆忙做某事 Don't rush to answer the question. in a hurry adj. 短语 匆忙地 She left the office in a hurry. in a rush adj. 短语 匆忙地（= in a hurry） He went to work in a rush. hurry up v. 短语 赶快；快点 Hurry up, or we'll be late! hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事 He hurried to catch the bus. 注意： ● rush 和 hurry 都有“匆忙”之意，但 rush hour 是固定搭配，不能说 hurry hour ● in a hurry = in a rush，两者可互换 ● hurry up 是祈使句，用于催促 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. —The movie will start in five minutes. __________, or we'll be late! —I'm coming! A. In a hurry B. Hurry up C. In a rush D. Rush to ( ) 2. Don't __________ making such an important decision. Think it over. A. rush to B. rush into C. hurry into D. hurry to ( ) 3. I got up late this morning, so I went to school __________. A. in hurry B. in a hurry C. with hurry D. hurried 【知识点16】tell sb. (not) to do sth. / call back 【详解】 搭配 含义 例句 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 My mother told me to drink more water. tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事 The teacher told us not to be late. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 让/请某人（不要）做某事 Could you ask him to call me back? call sb. back 给某人回电话 I'll call you back later. call back 回电话 Please call back after 5 p.m. give sb. a call 给某人打电话 Give me a call when you arrive. 注意： ● tell sb. not to do 否定形式在 to 前加 not，不能说 tell sb. to not do ● call back 中 back 是副词，代词作宾语时需放中间：call me back 【精进训练】 ( ) 1. My mother often tells me __________ too much time on computer games. A. not to spend B. don't spend C. to not spend D. not spend ( ) 2. —I called you yesterday afternoon, but nobody answered. —Sorry, I was out. Why didn't you __________ later? A. call up B. call back C. call for D. call in ( ) 3. Could you please ask Mr Wang __________ me as soon as he comes back? A.call B. calling C. to call D. called 五、综合训练 一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） ( ) 1. —What are you doing __________ the moment? —I'm working __________ an important project. A.for; in B. in; for C. on; at D. at; on ( ) 2. —Could I speak to Mrs Green? —Sorry, she is __________ at the moment. Can I take a message? A. in B. out C. here D. busy ( ) 3. Listen! The birds __________ beautifully in the tree outside. A. sing B. are singing C. sang D. will sing ( ) 4. —Is your brother __________ you the sights of the city? —Yes. We are having a great time. A. showing B. taking C. bringing D. making ( ) 5. I'm looking forward __________ the famous Pingyao city walls this summer. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. to visiting ( ) 6. —__________ does your uncle do on Sundays? —He often goes fishing by the lake. A. How B. When C. What D. Where ( ) 7. Some people are jogging in Central Park, and __________ are riding bikes. A. other B. the other C. others D. another ( ) 8. —Would you like to __________ the sports meeting next month? —Yes, I'd love to. A. join B. take part in C. join in D. attend to ( ) 9. The lights are shining __________ across the city at night. It's really beautiful. A. brightly B. bright C. slowly D. slow ( ) 10. —What __________ to him yesterday? He looks worried. —He lost his wallet on the way home. A. took place B. happened C. was happened D. was taken place ( ) 11. Don't __________ such an important decision. You should think it over. A. rush into B. hurry up C. drop off D. pick up ( ) 12. My father is driving to work, but it's taking a long time because it's __________. A. time zone B. work on C. rush hour D. right now ( ) 13. —__________ you __________ to the radio, or can I turn it off? —Sorry, I'm listening to the news. Please don't turn it off. A. Are; listening B. Do; listen C. Are; hearing D. Did; hear ( ) 14. We often hear different __________ in the street, such as the __________ of traffic and people's __________. A. sounds; noise; voices B. voices; sound; noise C. noises; sound; voice D. sounds; sound; voices ( ) 15. —Could you tell her to call me back? —__________ A. Yes, I could. B. No, I couldn't. C. Sure, I'll tell her. D. Sorry, I can't say. 二、阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） A篇 It's Sunday morning. The sun is shining and the weather is warm. In a small park in Beijing, many people are enjoying their weekend. Look! Some old people are doing tai chi under the big tree. They move slowly and quietly. Near the lake, a young man is painting the colourful boats on the water. His painting looks so real that many people stop to watch. A little girl is running after a shuttlecock kicked by her father. Her laughter fills the air. On the grass, a family is sitting on a mat. The mother is taking out sandwiches and fruit from her bag. The father is reading a newspaper. Their son is lying on his back, looking at the clouds in the sky. "Look, Dad! That cloud looks like a dragon!" he shouts happily. Everyone around him smiles. Not far away, a group of teenagers are doing different things. Some are jogging along the path, and others are riding bikes side by side. One boy is holding his phone, talking to someone with a bright smile on his face. Maybe he is sharing this beautiful morning with a friend far away. In the corner of the park, an old woman is walking her dog. The dog stops from time to time to look at other people and animals. It wags its tail when children come to pet it. It's a peaceful and lively morning. Everybody is doing their own thing, yet somehow, they all share the same sunshine and the same moment. As one man sitting on the bench says, "This is life — simple, real, and beautiful." ( ) 1. What are the old people doing in the park? A. They are jogging. B. They are doing tai chi. C. They are painting. D. They are walking their dogs. ( ) 2. What can we know about the young man near the lake? A. He is selling his paintings to people in the park. B. He is teaching children how to paint colourful boats. C. He is painting the boats and his work looks very real. D. He is taking photos of the boats on the water. ( ) 3. What does the boy on the grass mean by shouting "That cloud looks like a dragon!"? A. He is scared of dragons. B. He wants his father to draw a dragon for him. C. He is using his imagination while looking at the clouds. D. He saw a real dragon in the sky. ( ) 4. The boy with the phone is talking to someone with a bright smile. What can we infer from this? A. He is sharing a happy moment with someone far away. B. He is arguing with his friend on the phone. C. He is ordering food online. D. He is recording a video for social media. ( ) 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A park is a good place for exercise only. B. Weekends are always noisy and crowded in Beijing. C. Old people and children should stay in parks all day. D. Different people enjoy different activities, but they share the same peaceful moment. B篇 At this very moment, as you read these words, millions of things are happening around the world — all at the same time. In Tokyo, a young woman is rushing through the crowded subway station, holding a cup of coffee and checking her watch nervously. She is already ten minutes late for work. In Nairobi, a craftsman① is sitting by the roadside, carefully carving② a wooden elephant while talking to his neighbour about the weather. In Buenos Aires, a group of teenagers are gathering in a dance studio, putting on their tango shoes and warming up for their weekly practice. In London, an old man is reading the morning newspaper on a bench in Hyde Park, while his dog is lying quietly at his feet. These scenes, so different from one another, all share one thing in common: they are happening right now. What makes this possible is the system of time zones. The earth is divided into 24 time zones, each roughly③ one hour apart. When the sun is rising in Beijing, it is setting in London, and the moon is already high above New York. This means that at any given moment, some people are starting their day while others are ending theirs — and yet another group is fast asleep. British physicist John Henry Poynting first put forward the idea of time zones in the 1880s. Before that, nearly every city kept its own local time based on the position of the sun. This caused huge confusion for train schedules and telegraph④ communications. A train arriving from one city might find that the station clock showed a completely different time from its own. Poynting's proposal was simple but revolutionary⑤: divide the world into 24 sections, each one hour apart. It took over 40 years for most countries to fully adopt⑥ this system, but today, time zones are a fundamental⑦ part of how the modern world works. Technology has changed how we experience these differences. Through social media and instant messaging, a girl in Sydney can watch her cousin's birthday party in London in real time. A businessman in Shanghai can attend a video conference with colleagues in New York without leaving his office. We can now share our moments across thousands of miles as if distance didn't matter. Yet some scientists warn that while technology connects us, it cannot change the natural rhythm of our bodies. Jet lag⑧ — that tired, confused feeling you get after crossing time zones — is a reminder that our bodies are deeply connected to the sun and the earth. No matter how fast our messages travel, our bodies still need time to adjust to a different time zone. So what can you do if you travel across time zones? Experts suggest that you start adjusting your sleep schedule a few days before your trip. During the flight, drink plenty of water and avoid coffee. Once you arrive, try to spend time outdoors during the day — sunlight is one of the most powerful tools for resetting your body clock. Perhaps the next time you feel wide awake at midnight, you can also remember: somewhere in the world, someone is just sitting down to lunch. 词汇注释： ① craftsman 手工艺人 ② carving 雕刻 ③ roughly 大约；大致 ④ telegraph 电报 ⑤ revolutionary 革命性的 ⑥ adopt 采用 ⑦ fundamental 基本的；根本的 ⑧ jet lag 时差反应 ( ) 6. What is the young woman in Tokyo doing? A. She is dancing in a studio. B. She is rushing through the subway station. C. She is carving a wooden elephant. D. She is attending a video conference. ( ) 7. Why does the writer mention the train schedule problem before time zones were created? A. To show that trains were the fastest way to travel back then. B. To explain why people stopped travelling by train. C. To give an example of the confusion caused by different local times. D. To tell us that British trains were always on time. ( ) 8. How long did it take for most countries to fully adopt the time zone system? A. About 10 years. B. Over 40 years. C. Almost 100 years. D. It was adopted immediately. ( ) 9. What does the example of jet lag show us? A. Our bodies are still connected to the natural rhythm of the sun and earth. B. Technology can solve all our problems. C. People should never travel across time zones. D. Time zones are not necessary anymore. ( ) 10. What advice does the writer give for dealing with jet lag? A. Sleep as much as possible during the flight. B. Stay inside and rest until you feel better. C. Spend time outdoors in sunlight after arriving. D. Drink more coffee to stay awake. 三、完形填空（共15空，每空1分，共15分） It's Sunday afternoon. Lily and her family are all at home, but they are doing __1__ things. Lily is in her room. She __2__ to music while drawing a picture of a dragon. Her brother Tom is sitting on the sofa, __3__ a book about space travel. He dreams of __4__ an astronaut one day and travelling to the moon. Their father Mr Smith is in the kitchen. He is __5__ lunch for the whole family. The soup he is making __6__ really good. Their mother is in the garden. She is __7__ the flowers and enjoying the warm sunshine. She loves gardening and she often says it __8__ her feel relaxed after a busy week. The family dog, Coco, is lying on the floor near the window. The warm sun is __9__ on him, and he looks very comfortable. He opens his eyes from time to time to check what everyone is doing, then goes back to sleep. The phone suddenly rings. It's Grandma. "What is everyone doing?" she asks __10__. Lily takes the phone and tells Grandma about their peaceful Sunday afternoon. "Tom is reading his favourite book, Dad is __11__ lunch, and Mum is in the garden with her flowers," she says. Grandma sounds happy to __12__ everyone is having a good time. "By the way, your grandpa and I are planning to visit you this weekend," Grandma says. "We __13__ to seeing you all very much." Lily's face __14__ up with a big smile. "That's wonderful! We can't __15__ to see you, Grandma!" she shouts excitedly. Tom looks up from his book and asks, "Is Grandma coming?" Lily nods happily. It will be a great weekend. ( ) 1. A. same B. boring C. interesting D. different ( ) 2. A. listens B. is listening C. listened D. will listen ( ) 3. A. watching B. looking C. reading D. seeing ( ) 4. A. becoming B. making C. turning D. getting ( ) 5. A. eating B. cooking C. buying D. ordering ( ) 6. A. sounds B. tastes C. looks D. smells ( ) 7. A. picking B. watering C. cutting D. planting ( ) 8. A. makes B. helps C. lets D. has ( ) 9. A. shining B. dropping C. rushing D. holding ( ) 10. A. quietly B. sadly C. angrily D. happily ( ) 11. A. eating B. preparing C. ordering D. finishing ( ) 12. A. hear B. see C. feel D. watch ( ) 13.A. are hoping B. are looking forward C. are wishing D. are planning ( ) 14. A. puts B. turns C. gives D. lights ( ) 15. A. wait B. help C. stop D. stand 四、语法填空（共10空，每空1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is Sunday morning. Mr and Mrs Smith are taking their children to the park. Look! Mr Smith (1)__________ (carry) a big bag with food and drinks. Mrs Smith is walking the dog (2)__________ (slow) behind them. Their son Tom is riding (3)__________ (he) new bike, and their daughter Lily is running after a shuttlecock. The park is full (4)__________ people enjoying the sunshine. Some old people are doing tai chi under the trees. A group of (5)__________ (child) are playing games on the grass. Near the lake, a young man (6)__________ (paint) the colourful boats. Lily stops to watch him because she thinks his painting looks (7)__________ (real) beautiful. "Can we have a picnic now? I'm hungry!" Tom says. So the family find a quiet place and sit on a mat. Mrs Smith takes out sandwiches, fruit and some (8)__________ (cookie). They talk and laugh while eating. "This is one of the (9)__________ (good) weekends we have ever had," Lily says with a smile. After lunch, they plan to take (10)__________ boat tour on the lake. It will be a wonderful afternoon. 五、书面表达（共1题，共15分） 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 David 对你的周末生活很感兴趣。请你给他写一封信，描述在某个时间点（如周六下午三点），你和你家人的活动。 内容包括：1. 你在做什么；2. 你的父母或其他家庭成员在做什么；3. 你对此的感受。 要求：1. 使用现在进行时；2. 词数80左右；3. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear David, _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 · Here and Now 复习讲练测（七下·暑假衔接） 答案解析 1、 单词与短语 ▶ 即时练习 a. 根据首字母或中文提示填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. The Dragon Boat F__________ is a traditional Chinese holiday. 【答案】Festival 【解析】句意：端午节是中国的传统节日。Dragon Boat Festival 为专有名词，意为“端午节”，首字母需大写。 2. Could you help me take a m__________ for Mr Li? He is not in the office. 【答案】message 【解析】句意：你能帮我给李先生捎个口信吗？他不在办公室。take a message 为固定搭配，意为“捎个口信”。 3. My sister is very busy now. She is preparing for an important e__________. 【答案】exam 【解析】句意：我姐姐现在很忙。她正在为一场重要考试做准备。prepare for an exam 意为“准备考试”。exam 为可数名词，an important exam 意为“一场重要的考试”。 4. The park looks beautiful. The lights are s__________ brightly at night. 【答案】shining 【解析】句意：公园看起来很漂亮。灯光在夜晚明亮地闪耀。are shining 构成现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。shine 的现在分词为 shining。 5. You should not d__________ rubbish everywhere. Put it in the bin. 【答案】drop 【解析】句意：你不应该到处扔垃圾。把它放进垃圾桶。should not 后接动词原形，drop rubbish 意为“扔垃圾”。 6. I h__________ to meet my old friend at the airport yesterday. What a surprise! 【答案】happened 【解析】句意：我昨天在机场碰巧遇到了老朋友。太意外了！happen to do sth. 意为“碰巧做某事”。yesterday 提示用一般过去时，happen 的过去式为 happened。 7. The guide will __________ (解释) the history of the old town to us later. 【答案】explain 【解析】句意：导游稍后会为我们解释这座古镇的历史。will 后接动词原形。explain sth. to sb. 意为“向某人解释某事”。 8. We are all looking __________ (向前) to the summer holiday. 【答案】forward 【解析】句意：我们都盼望着暑假。look forward to 为固定短语，意为“盼望；期待”。forward 是副词，意为“向前”。 9. My uncle is a taxi __________ (司机). He knows every street in this city. 【答案】driver 【解析】句意：我叔叔是一名出租车司机。他认识这个城市的每一条街道。a 后接可数名词单数。drive 是动词，意为“驾驶”，其表示职业的名词形式为 driver（司机）。 10. The market is full of c__________ paintings and handmade bags. 【答案】colourful 【解析】句意：市场上满是色彩鲜艳的画和手工包。colourful 为形容词，意为“色彩鲜艳的”，修饰名词 paintings。full of 意为“充满”。 b. 词形填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. My brother wants to be a professional __________ (skate) when he grows up. 【答案】skater 【解析】句意：我哥哥长大后想成为一名职业滑冰运动员。a professional 后接可数名词单数。skate 是动词，表示“滑冰”，其表示人的名词形式为 skater（滑冰者）。 2. Don't lose heart. The situation is not as __________ (hope) as you think. 【答案】hopeless 【解析】句意：别灰心。情况没有你想的那么无望。as...as 中间接形容词。根据“Don't lose heart”可知，此处应填 hopeless（没有希望的），表示情况并非完全没有希望。 3. The lights are __________ (shine) brightly in the night sky. They look like stars. 【答案】shining 【解析】句意：灯光在夜空中明亮地闪耀。它们看起来像星星。are shining 构成现在进行时。shine 的现在分词为 shining，表示“闪耀的”。 4. The children walked __________ (slow) through the museum, looking at every painting. 【答案】slowly 【解析】句意：孩子们慢慢地走过博物馆，欣赏每一幅画。修饰动词 walked 需用副词。slow 是形容词，其副词形式为 slowly（缓慢地）。 5. Tian'anmen Square is in the __________ (centre) part of Beijing. 【答案】central 【解析】句意：天安门广场在北京市中心。part 是名词，前面需用形容词修饰。centre 是名词，意为“中心”，其形容词形式为 central（中心的；中央的）。 6. My father is a careful __________ (drive). He never breaks the traffic rules. 【答案】driver 【解析】句意：我父亲是一名细心的司机。他从不违反交通规则。a careful 后接可数名词单数。drive 是动词，意为“驾驶”，其表示人的名词形式为 driver（司机）。 7. The guide's __________ (explain) helped us understand the history of the old town. 【答案】explanation 【解析】句意：导游的解释帮助我们理解了这座古镇的历史。名词所有格 The guide's 后需接名词。explain 是动词，意为“解释”，其名词形式为 explanation。 8. There are many __________ (tour) visiting the Great Wall every year. 【答案】tourists 【解析】句意：每天有很多游客参观长城。many 后接可数名词复数。tour 意为“旅行”，tourist 意为“游客”，复数形式为 tourists。 9. Look! The __________ (rush) water is moving fast down the river. 【答案】rushing 【解析】句意：看！湍急的水正快速顺流而下。water 是名词，前面需用形容词修饰。rush 的现在分词 rushing 可作形容词，意为“急速流动的”。 10. He __________ (hold) the baby gently in his arms and smiled. 【答案】held 【解析】句意：他轻轻地把婴儿抱在怀里微笑。根据 and smiled 可知，此处用一般过去时。hold 的过去式为 held。 c. 选短语填空（共8小题，每小题1分，共8分） 1. —Could I speak to Mr Wang? —__________, please. I'll see if he is in his office. 【答案】Hold on 【解析】句意：——我能和王先生通话吗？——请稍等，我看看他在不在办公室。电话用语中，Hold on 表示“别挂断；稍等”。 2. I am busy __________ a new project. I don't have time to play games. 【答案】working on 【解析】句意：我正忙于一个新项目。我没时间玩游戏。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。work on 意为“从事；做”。 3. They have many festivals in China, __________ the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. 【答案】such as 【解析】句意：中国有很多节日，例如端午节和中秋节。such as 用于列举同类事物中的几个例子，后接名词短语。 4. Don't make decisions __________. You should think carefully before you decide. 【答案】in a hurry 【解析】句意：不要匆忙做决定。你应该仔细考虑后再决定。in a hurry 意为“匆忙地”。 5. I am __________ seeing my grandparents this weekend. I miss them very much. 【答案】looking forward to 【解析】句意：我盼望着这个周末见到祖父母。我非常想念他们。look forward to doing sth. 意为“盼望着做某事”。to 是介词，后接动名词。 6. My father will __________ me __________ at school on his way to work tomorrow. 【答案】drop; off 【解析】句意：我爸爸明天上班路上会开车送我到学校。drop sb. off 意为“（开车）把某人送到某处”。 7. People __________ are using the Internet to share their daily lives with friends. 【答案】around the world 【解析】句意：世界各地的人们正在使用互联网与朋友分享日常生活。around the world 意为“世界各地”。 8. Our school encourages every student to __________ at least one sport every term. 【答案】take part in 【解析】句意：我们学校鼓励每名学生每学期至少参加一项运动。take part in 意为“参加（活动、比赛等）”。 2、 单元重点语音 2. 语音练习 题① 选出发音不同的选项（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. C 【解析】A 项 use 中 u 发 /juː/，B 项 music 中 u 发 /juː/，C 项 rule 中 u 发 /uː/，D 项 student 中 u 发 /juː/。C 项发音不同。 2. D 【解析】A 项 rush 中 u 发 /ʌ/，B 项 up 中 u 发 /ʌ/，C 项 but 中 u 发 /ʌ/，D 项 blue 中 u 发 /uː/。D 项发音不同。 3. A 【解析】A 项 subway 中 u 发 /ʌ/，B 项 true 中 u 发 /uː/，C 项 June 中 u 发 /uː/，D 项 ruler 中 u 发 /uː/。A 项发音不同。 4. B 【解析】A 项 usually 中 u 发 /juː/，B 项 hurry 中 u 发 /ʌ/，C 项 cute 中 u 发 /juː/，D 项 computer 中 u 发 /juː/。B 项发音不同。 5. C 【解析】A 项 duck 中 u 发 /ʌ/，B 项 nut 中 u 发 /ʌ/，C 项 pupil 中 u 发 /juː/，D 项 sun 中 u 发 /ʌ/。C 项发音不同。 题② 判断下列单词中字母u的发音（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. use —— /juː/ 2. rush —— /ʌ/ 3. blue —— /uː/ 4. usually —— /juː/ 5. up —— /ʌ/ 【解析】u 在开音节中通常发 /juː/（use, usually）；u 在闭音节中通常发 /ʌ/（rush, up）；u 在部分单词中发 /uː/，需单独记忆（blue）。 3、 核心句型 2. 句子练习 题① 翻译句子（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. At the moment, Li Hua is taking an online class in his room, and his parents are preparing for the Dragon Boat Festival in the living room. 【解析】at the moment 提示用现在进行时。take an online class 意为“上网课”，prepare for 意为“为……做准备”。两个并列动作用 and 连接。 2. Sorry, Mr Smith is out at the moment. Can I take a message? Please ask him to call me back. 【解析】电话交际用语的整合。out 表示“不在”，take a message 意为“捎口信”，call back 意为“回电话”。ask sb. to do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”。 3. I am looking forward to the summer holiday because I hope to take a tour to Xi'an with my parents. 【解析】look forward to 后接名词，hope to do 后接动词原形，because 连接原因状语从句。take a tour to 意为“去……旅行”。 4. Look! Some people are jogging and walking their dogs in the park, while others are sitting on the benches and reading books. 【解析】Look! 提示用现在进行时。walk the dog 意为“遛狗”。while 连接两个并列分句，表示对比。 5. It's rush hour now. Taxis are busy picking up and dropping off passengers, and the subway is full of people. 【解析】rush hour 意为“交通高峰期”。be busy doing 意为“忙于做某事”。pick up 意为“接”，drop off 意为“送”。be full of 意为“充满”。 题② 句子升格（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. I am writing a message to tell my friend about the festival. 【解析】用 to do 表目的，将第二个简单句转为目的状语，说明写信的目的是告诉朋友关于节日的事。 2. The lights are shining so brightly that they make the city look beautiful. 【解析】用 so...that... 合并两个句子，意为“如此……以至于……”。so 后接形容词或副词，that 后接结果状语从句。 3. Some people are rushing to work while others are walking slowly. 【解析】用 while 连接两个并列分句，表示两种不同情况的对比。while 在此意为“而；然而”。 4. I am looking forward to hearing your voice again soon. 【解析】look forward to 中 to 是介词，后接动词时必须用动名词形式。hope to do 改写为 look forward to doing。 5. How great it is to hear your voice! 【解析】原句中 great 是形容词作表语，真正的主语是 to hear your voice。用 How 引导感叹句，结构为 How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！保持原句 it 作形式主语、to hear your voice 作真正主语的完整结构，句意不变。 4、 语法突破 板块1：核心语法 —— 现在进行时 【知识点1】现在进行时的构成 1. B 【解析】Look! 提示用现在进行时。主语 The children 为复数，be 动词用 are，fly 的现在分词为 flying。 2. B 【解析】根据答语 Yes, he is 可知，问句为一般疑问句，主语 your brother 为第三人称单数，be 动词用 Is。 【知识点2】现在进行时的用法 1. B 【解析】right now 提示用现在进行时。主语 He 为第三人称单数，be 动词用 is，wash 的现在分词为 washing。 2. C 【解析】根据 this afternoon 和 He is packing his bags 可知，此处表示按计划即将发生的动作，用现在进行时表将来。leave 的现在分词为 leaving。 【知识点3】现在分词变化规则 1. riding（去 e 加 ing） 2. dropping（双写 p 加 ing） 3. shining（去 e 加 ing） 4. taking（去 e 加 ing） 5. running（双写 n 加 ing） 6. lying（变 ie 为 y 加 ing） 【知识点4】不能用于进行时的动词 1. C 【解析】A 项 liking 错误，like 为情感类动词，不能用进行时，应改为 I like this song very much。B 项 wanting 错误，want 为希望类动词，不能用进行时，应改为 She wants to go home now。C 项 understand 为认知类动词，虽然不能用于进行时，但本句中主句 Do you understand 用一般现在时，从句 what I am saying 是现在进行时，是正确的。D 项 is having 错误，have 表“拥有”时为归属类动词，不能用进行时，应改为 He has a new bike。 2. ① F → I know her name.（know 为认知类动词，不能用进行时） 2 T（enjoy 可用于进行时，表示正在享受） 3 T（have 表示“拥有”时为状态动词，用一般现在时正确） 板块2：看与听 【知识点5】watch / see / look / read 辨析 1. A 【解析】read a novel 意为“读小说”，read 后接书籍类文字材料；watch a movie 意为“看电影”，watch 后接动态画面。 2. B 【解析】第一空是祈使句，用 Look 表示“看”的动作，引起注意；第二空强调“看见”的结果，用 see。 【知识点6】voice / noise / sound 辨析 1. B 【解析】in a low voice 意为“低声地”，voice 指人的说话声。婴儿在睡觉，所以用低声说话。 2. C 【解析】sound 泛指一切声音，含义最广。窗外传来的风声用 sound。voice 指人的嗓音，noise 指噪音，shout 指喊叫声。 3. C 【解析】sound 泛指一切声音，包括自然界或物体发出的声响。空房子传来的不明声响用 sound。voice 特指人的嗓音，noise 强调嘈杂声。 板块3：电话交际 【知识点7】hold on / hold 短语 1. C 【解析】Hold on 在电话用语中意为“请稍等，别挂断”。Come on 加油，Go on 继续，Keep on 坚持，均不符合电话用语语境。 2. A 【解析】hold to 意为“抓住；握住”，hold to your mother's hand 意为“抓紧你妈妈的手”。hold on 坚持，hold back 阻碍，hold up 举起，均不符合句意。 【知识点8】message / take a message / leave a message / call back 1. B 【解析】第一个说话人说出“I'm afraid Mrs Li isn't in”（恐怕李女士不在），说明此人是接电话的一方。接电话者主动提出帮对方记录信息，应说 Can I take a message?（我可以捎个口信吗？）。leave a message（留口信）是打电话的一方说的话。 2. C 【解析】give sb. the message 意为“给某人带口信”。message 指具体的、口头或书面的简短信息。news 指新闻，information 指抽象资料，word 虽有“消息”之意但不与 give 搭配表示“带口信”。 【知识点9】could 委婉请求 / Could you please...? 1. D 【解析】Could you please...? 后接动词原形。根据 It's cold outside 可知，外面冷，应该关上门。not close 是否定形式，放在 please 后表示“请不要关门”。open 开门与语境矛盾。 2. A 【解析】Could I...? 表示礼貌地请求允许，语气比 can 委婉。Must 必须，Should 应该，Need 需要，均不符合请求借用的语境。 板块4：情感与希望 【知识点10】hope / wish 辨析 1. B 【解析】wish 后接宾语从句时表示难以实现的愿望，从句常用虚拟语气（could/were 等）。飞上月球是不可能实现的梦想，故用 wish。hope 后接有可能实现的愿望，不符合此处语境。 2. A 【解析】I hope so 是固定搭配，意为“希望如此”，用于对将来可能发生的事表达期望。wish 没有 I wish so 的用法。 3. ① F → I hope you can come to my party. / I wish you to come to my party. hope 不能用 hope sb. to do sth. 结构。应改为 hope + that 从句或改用 wish。 4 F → She wishes that she could pass the exam. wish 后接 that 从句表示难以实现的愿望时，从句需用虚拟语气，can 应改为 could。 【知识点11】look forward to 1. B 【解析】look forward to 中的 to 是介词，后接动词时必须用动名词形式。visiting 是动名词。 2. B 【解析】look forward to doing sth. 是固定搭配，to 后接动名词。seeing 是 see 的动名词形式。 板块5：发生与参加 【知识点12】happen / take place 辨析 1. B 【解析】take place 指按计划、有安排地“举行”。奥运会是多年筹备的大型赛事，故用 take place。happen 指偶然发生。happen 和 take place 都没有被动语态，C、D 错误。 2. A 【解析】happen to sb. 是固定搭配，意为“发生在某人身上”，常指意外或偶然事件。丢失手机是意外事故，故用 happened。take place 指有计划的事。 3. B 【解析】happen to do sth. 意为“碰巧做某事”。yesterday 提示过去时。happen 没有被动语态，C、D 错误。 【知识点13】take part in / join / join in 辨析 1. A 【解析】join the army 意为“参军”。join 指加入组织、团体并成为其中一员。join in 指参加活动，take part in 指参加活动并发挥作用，attend 指出席会议等正式场合。 2. B 【解析】take part in 指参加运动、会议等群众性活动并发挥积极作用。join 后接组织名词，join in 后接小型活动，此处 sport 是体育项目，用 take part in 最合适。 3. B 【解析】join sb. 意为“和某人一起”，后接人作宾语。us 是人称代词，故用 join。 板块6：词语搭配与句型 【知识点14】such as / for example 辨析 1. B 【解析】such as 用于列举同类事物中的几个例子，后直接接名词短语，不用逗号隔开。列举剪纸、书法、京剧三个例子。 2. C 【解析】for example 用于举例说明，用逗号与主句隔开，可放在句首。后文是一个完整的句子，故用 for example。 3. B 【解析】such as 后直接接名词短语列举例子。列举钢琴和吉他两个例子，均为乐器。 【知识点15】rush / in a hurry / hurry up 1. B 【解析】Hurry up 是固定短语，意为“快点；赶快”，是祈使句，用于催促他人。电影还有五分钟开始，催促快点。 2. B 【解析】rush into (doing) sth. 是固定搭配，意为“仓促做某事、急于做某事”。做重要决定不应仓促。rush to do 意为“匆忙去做”，hurry into 和 hurry to 搭配不常用。 3. B 【解析】in a hurry 是固定短语，意为“匆忙地”，在句中作状语。起晚了所以匆忙上学。 【知识点16】tell sb. (not) to do sth. / call back 1. A 【解析】tell sb. not to do sth. 意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。否定形式在 to 前加 not，不能说 tell sb. to not do。 2. B 【解析】call back 意为“回电话”。昨天打电话没人接，反问为什么不回电话。call up 打电话，call for 需要，call in 召集。 3. C 【解析】ask sb. to do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”。请王先生回来后给我打电话。 5、 综合训练 1、 单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 1. D 【解析】考查介词固定搭配。at the moment 意为“此刻”，为固定短语。work on 意为“从事”，为固定搭配。at 用于 moment 前，on 用于 work on。 2. B 【解析】考查电话交际用语。句意：抱歉，她现在出去了。out 在此意为“不在；出去了”。根据 Can I take a message? 可知对方不在。 3. B 【解析】考查现在进行时。Listen! 提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时。主语 The birds 为复数，be 动词用 are。 4. A 【解析】考查动词搭配。show sb. the sights 意为“领某人看风景”，为固定搭配。take 带走，bring 带来，make 制作，均不符合。 5. D 【解析】考查 look forward to 的固定搭配。look forward to doing sth. 意为“盼望着做某事”。to 是介词，后接动名词 visiting。 6. C 【解析】考查特殊疑问词。根据答语 goes fishing 可知，询问“做什么”，用 What。How 询问方式，When 询问时间，Where 询问地点。 7. C 【解析】考查 some...others... 结构。句意：一些人在慢跑，另一些人在骑车。others 表示泛指，指“另一些人”。other 后需接名词，the other 指两者中的另一个，another 指另一个。 8. B 【解析】考查 take part in / join 辨析。the sports meeting 是大型活动，take part in 指参加活动并发挥积极作用。join 后接组织名词，join in 后接小型活动，attend to 意为“处理；照顾”。 9. A 【解析】考查形容词与副词。修饰动词 shining 需用副词，brightly 意为“明亮地”。bright 是形容词，slowly 缓慢地，slow 是形容词。 10. B 【解析】考查 happen / take place 辨析。丢失钱包是意外事件，用 happen。happen 没有被动语态，C 错误。take place 指按计划发生，不符合。 11. A 【解析】考查动词短语。rush into 意为“仓促做某事”。做重要决定不应仓促。hurry up 快点，drop off 送某人，pick up 接某人。 12. C 【解析】考查名词短语。根据 driving to work 和 taking a long time 可知，现在是交通高峰期。rush hour 意为“交通高峰期”。 13. A 【解析】考查现在进行时。根据 or can I turn it off 和后文 I'm listening 可知，问句询问对方此刻是否在听收音机，用现在进行时 Are; listening。 14. A 【解析】考查 sound/noise/voice 辨析。sounds 泛指各种声音；the noise of traffic 意为“交通噪音”；people's voices 意为“人们的说话声”。三词各有侧重。 15. C 【解析】考查 could 委婉请求的回答。Could you...? 表示礼貌请求，Sure, I'll tell her. 是肯定回答，表示答应转告。A、B 语气生硬，D 不符合语境。 2、 阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） A 篇 1. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Some old people are doing tai chi under the big tree.”可知，老人们在大树下打太极。 2. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Near the lake, a young man is painting the colourful boats on the water. His painting looks so real that many people stop to watch.”可知，年轻人在画船，画得非常逼真。 3. C 【解析】推理判断题。男孩躺在草地上看云，把云想象成龙的样子，说明他在发挥想象力。并非真的看到龙，也不是害怕。 4. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Maybe he is sharing this beautiful morning with a friend far away.”可知，他可能正在和远方的朋友分享这个美好的早晨。微笑说明是愉快的分享。 5. D 【解析】主旨大意题。文章描述了公园里不同的人在做不同的活动，但都共享同一个美好的时刻。最后一段点明了主题。 B 篇（挑战篇） 6. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“In Tokyo, a young woman is rushing through the crowded subway station”可知，东京的年轻女子正在地铁站奔跑。 7. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知，时区设立之前，每个城市都有自己的时间，导致列车时刻表和电报通信出现混乱。作者提这个问题是为了举例说明不同当地时间造成的混乱。 8. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“It took over 40 years for most countries to fully adopt this system”可知，大多数国家花了40多年才完全采用时区系统。 9. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Jet lag... is a reminder that our bodies are deeply connected to the sun and the earth.”可知，时差反应说明我们的身体仍然与太阳和地球的自然节奏紧密相连。 10. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Once you arrive, try to spend time outdoors during the day — sunlight is one of the most powerful tools for resetting your body clock.”可知，作者建议到达后白天多在户外晒太阳。 3、 完形填空（共15空，每空1分，共15分） 1. D 【解析】考查形容词。句意：莉莉一家都在家，但他们做着不同的事情。根据后文各人在做不同的事，用 different。but 表示转折。 2. B 【解析】考查现在进行时。根据 while drawing 可知，两个动作同时进行，用现在进行时 is listening。 3. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。read a book 意为“读书”，read 后接书籍类文字材料。watch 后接动态画面，look 是不及物动词，see 强调“看见”的结果。 4. A 【解析】考查动词搭配。become an astronaut 意为“成为一名宇航员”。dream of doing sth. 意为“梦想做某事”。 5. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据 in the kitchen 可知，父亲在厨房做午饭。cook lunch 意为“做午饭”。 6. D 【解析】考查感官系动词。汤还在做，是闻起来好，用 smells。sounds 听起来，tastes 尝起来，looks 看起来，均不如 smells 贴切。 7. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。在花园里和花相关，water the flowers 意为“浇花”。pick 摘，cut 剪，plant 种，根据 enjoying the warm sunshine 可知是日常园艺活动，浇花最合理。 8. A (makes) 【解析】句意：她喜欢园艺，她经常说园艺让她在忙碌一周后感到放松。make sb. do sth. 表示“使某人做某事”，make her feel relaxed 意为“使她感到放松”，强调客观结果。let sb. do sth. 有“允许”的含义，在此语境不如 makes 自然。help 后接 (to) do，has 不能接宾补结构。 9. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。阳光照在狗身上，shine on 意为“照耀在……上”。drop 落下，rush 冲，hold 拿着。 10. D 【解析】考查副词辨析。祖母打电话来，应该是高兴地问孙子们在做什么。happily 意为“高兴地”。quietly 安静地，sadly 伤心地，angrily 生气地。 11. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据前文父亲在厨房做饭，此处 Lily 告诉祖母爸爸在准备午饭。prepare lunch 意为“准备午饭”。 12. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。祖母通过电话得知大家都在享受周末，hear 后接宾语从句意为“听说”。see 看到，feel 感觉，watch 观看，均不如 hear 贴切。 13. B 【解析】考查固定搭配。look forward to doing sth. 意为“盼望着做某事”。后文 to seeing 是动名词，四个选项中只有 B 能与 to seeing 搭配。hope/wish/plan 后都接 to do。 14. D 【解析】考查固定搭配。light up 意为“（脸上）露出喜色；焕发光彩”。Lily 听到祖母要来，脸上露出笑容。 15. A 【解析】考查固定搭配。can't wait to do sth. 意为“迫不及待做某事”。Lily 兴奋地说等不及要见祖母了。 4、 语法填空（共10空，每空1分，共10分） 1. is carrying 【解析】Look! 提示用现在进行时。主语 Mr Smith 为第三人称单数，carry 的现在分词为 carrying。 2. slowly 【解析】修饰动词 walking 需用副词。slow 的副词形式为 slowly。 3. his 【解析】bike 是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词 his 表示“他的”。 4. of 【解析】be full of 为固定搭配，意为“充满”。 5. children 【解析】a group of 后接可数名词复数。child 的复数形式为 children。 6. is painting 【解析】描述此刻正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。主语 a young man 为单数。 7. really 【解析】修饰形容词 beautiful 需用副词。real 的副词形式为 really。 8. cookies 【解析】some 后接可数名词复数。cookie 直接加 s。 9. best 【解析】one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 表示“最……之一”。good 的最高级为 best。 10. a 【解析】take a boat tour 意为“乘船游览”。泛指一次游览，用不定冠词 a。 5、 书面表达（共1题，共15分） 【写作指导】 1. 审题要点： - 文体：书信 - 人称：第一人称（I）和第二人称（you） - 时态：现在进行时为主 - 内容要点：① 你在做什么 ② 家人在做什么 ③ 感受 2. 结构建议： - 第一段：点明时间和场景（如：现在是周六下午三点） - 第二段：描述自己和家人的活动（你在做什么，父母在做什么） - 第三段：表达感受（如：享受这样的家庭时光，简单但幸福） 3. 可运用的核心词汇与句型： - 词汇：right now, at the moment, work on, look forward to, enjoy, exercise, read, cook - 句型：I am doing... / My mother is doing... / My father is doing... / We are all having a good time. / This is a peaceful afternoon. 【参考范文】 Dear David, It's three o'clock on Saturday afternoon. Right now, I am writing to you in my room. I want to tell you what my family are doing at this moment. My mother is in the kitchen. She is preparing dinner for us. The soup she is making smells really good. My father is in the living room. He is reading a book about history. He often says reading helps him relax after a busy week. Our dog Coco is lying near his feet, enjoying the warm sunshine from the window. I love such quiet afternoons. Everyone is doing their own thing, yet we are all together. It's simple, but I feel very happy. What about you? What are you doing right now? I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $