专项07 阅读理解（专项训练）小升初英语寒假专项提升（沪教牛津深圳用）

**基本信息** 以“先看题→找关键词→对原文”三步法为核心，结合精选贴近生活的阅读材料，系统训练六年级阅读理解解题能力，提升语言理解与信息匹配的思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|----|----|----| |答题技巧|1套方法总结+8篇阅读（3选择+5判断）|三步定位法（圈关键词→原文找对应→细节比对）+生词处理技巧|题型与方法对应（选择/判断均适用三步法），主题贴近生活（生活变化、人物爱好等），覆盖细节理解、主旨归纳等核心考点|

专题07 阅读理解 01 答题技巧 02 知识精练 答题技巧 六年级阅读多是图文结合的小故事、小对话，内容贴近生活， 记住 “先看题→找关键词→对原文” 三步，轻松拿分！ 第一步：先看题目，圈关键词不用先读文章！直接看后面的问题，划出疑问词、名词、数字、否定词、专有名词这些关键词。 例：题目问“What sport is Lily good at?” → 圈关键词 sport, Lily, good at 例：判断题句子“The old craftsman worked carelessly.” → 圈关键词 craftsman, carelessly 第二步：带着关键词，找原文答案拿着圈好的关键词，去文章里 “寻宝”—— 找到和关键词对应的句子，答案基本就在这句话里或它的前后句。 例：原文写“She does well in the high jump and long jump.” → 题目问擅长的运动，直接对应 high jump 小提醒：六年级阅读的所有答案都能在原文中找到依据，判断题尤其要注意原句和题干的细节对比，别自己主观臆断！ 第三步：通读检查， 答案是否和原文一致？（警惕反义词陷阱，比如原文是“can”，选项是“can’t”；原文是“carefully”，题干是“carelessly”） 有没有看错关键词？（比如把“every week”看成“every day”，把“Lily”看成“Lucy”） 小妙招：遇到生词别慌 看到不认识的单词，直接跳过去！只要找到关键词，完全不影响做题。 小试牛刀 1、 阅读选择 Passage 1 People’s life is quite different now. Many years ago, people did many things by hand. Writers used pens and paper to write stories. Street cleaners cleaned streets with brooms. Now we have many new machines. Computers help writers a lot. Big street sweepers work quickly on streets. We also have different school life. In the future, students will have online lessons sometimes. They will not carry heavy schoolbags. Schools will have more interesting activities. Students will have picnics every month. I think our life and school will become better and better. ( ) 1. Long long ago, writers used ____ to write. A. computers B. pens and paper C. digital cameras ( ) 2. What do people use to clean streets now? A. Brooms B. Street sweepers C. Brushes ( ) 3. In the future, students will have ____ at home sometimes. A. online lessons B. PE lessons C. drawing lessons ( ) 4. Students will ____ every month in the future school. A. take drawing lessons B. have picnics C. visit museums ( ) 5. The passage talks about ____. A. changes of life and school B. different festivals C. lovely animals Passage 2 Lucy and Lily are good friends. Lucy is 12 years old. She is 156 centimetres tall and weighs 45 kilograms. Lily is older and taller than Lucy. Lily likes sports very much. She likes playing ball games and jumping. She does well in the high jump and long jump. She also likes swimming. She always does warm-up exercises before swimming to keep fit. Lucy likes art. She loves Chinese ink paintings and oil paintings. On weekends, they often go out together and enjoy themselves. ( ) 1. Lily is ____ than Lucy. A. shorter B. taller C. lighter ( ) 2. What sport is Lily good at? A. High jump B. Drawing C. Singing ( ) 3. Lily always ____ before swimming. A. takes lessons B. does warm-up exercises C. visits museums ( ) 4. Lucy likes ____. A. sports B. paintings C. running ( ) 5. What do they often do on weekends? A. Stay at home B. Go out together C. Have lessons Passage 3 We can reuse a lot of old things in our daily life. Don’t throw away old cans, plastic bottles or envelopes. An old can can become a nice pen holder. A plastic bottle can be a beautiful vase. We can also use old cloth to make small crafts. There are many useful signs around us too. We must follow them. We can’t smoke in the library. We can’t swim in dangerous rivers. When we get lost, we can ask others for help. Everyone should learn to protect our environment and follow public rules. ( ) 1. We should not ____ old things. A. reuse B. throw away C. collect ( ) 2. An old can can be a ____. A. pen holder B. swimming cap C. storybook ( ) 3. We ____ smoke in the library. A. can B. must C. can’t ( ) 4. If you get lost, you can ____. A. swim in rivers B. ask others for help C. make crafts ( ) 5. The passage tells us to ____. A. reuse things and follow rules B. read more storybooks C. learn different festivals 二、阅读判断 Passage 4 There are many famous Western festivals. Thanksgiving is a great one. It comes in October or November. On this festival, people get together with their families. They cook nice food and eat turkey together. Children laugh and play happily. Halloween is another fun festival. Kids wear special clothes and visit houses. They always have a good time. Different festivals bring us lots of joy. ( ) 1. Thanksgiving is a Western festival. ( ) 2. People eat mooncakes on Thanksgiving. ( ) 3. Halloween is also a fun festival. ( ) 4. Children wear special clothes on Halloween. ( ) 5. Festivals can bring people happiness. Passage 5 A long time ago, there were five peas in a green pod. They lived happily day by day. Later, the pod opened. The five peas went out one by one to see the world. One pea fell on a roof. It was lazy and did nothing. Another small pea landed in a yard. It grew bigger and bigger. A sick little girl watched it every day. She became happy and healthy again. The small pea did a great thing. ( ) 1. There were five peas in a pod at first. ( ) 2. The peas went out two by two. ( ) 3. One pea fell onto a roof. ( ) 4. All the peas were hard-working. ( ) 5. The pea in the yard helped a sick girl. Passage 6 We have two PE lessons every week at school. We do many sports in PE class. Some students run races. Some do the long jump and high jump. Most of us like playing ball games. Before swimming, we must put on swimming suits, swimming caps and swimming goggles. Doing sports can make us strong and fit. We all love our PE lessons. ( ) 1. The students have three PE lessons every week. ( ) 2. Students run races and jump in PE class. ( ) 3. No one likes playing ball games. ( ) 4. We need swimming goggles when we swim. ( ) 5. Sports are good for our health. Passage 7 Tom is a helpful boy. Last Sunday, he saw a small dog near the school gate. The dog looked worried. It got lost. Tom wanted to help it. He looked for the owner everywhere. Half an hour later, he found the dog’s owner. The lady was very happy and praised Tom for his kindness.Tom was glad to help others. He thinks everyone should help people in need. ( ) 1. Tom found a lost cat last Sunday. ( ) 2. The small dog was worried because it got lost. ( ) 3. Tom looked for the dog’s owner. ( ) 4. The lady thanked and praised Tom. ( ) 5. Tom doesn’t like helping others. Passage 8 Making crafts is interesting. We can use scissors, tape and glue to make different things. Many years ago, a good craftsman made nice model houses and toys. He could make things easily. He always worked carefully. Now many students like making crafts in their free time. They make crowns, toy planes and model houses. It is great fun to make things by ourselves. ( ) 1. We use scissors and glue to make crafts. ( ) 2. The old craftsman worked carelessly. ( ) 3. The craftsman could make things easily. ( ) 4. Students never make toy planes. ( ) 5. Making crafts is great fun. 参考答案与解析 一、阅读理解 单项选择 Passage 1 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如今生活与校园发生的诸多变化。 1. 句意：很久以前，作家使用____写作。A选项电脑；B选项纸和笔；C选项数码相机。根据文中“Writers used pens and paper to write stories.”，可知作家过去用纸和笔写作，故选B。 2. 句意：现在人们用什么清扫街道？A选项扫帚；B选项清扫车；C选项刷子。根据文中“Big street sweepers work quickly on streets.”，可知如今使用清扫车打扫街道，故选B。 3. 句意：在未来，学生有时会在家上____。A选项线上课程；B选项体育课；C选项美术课。根据文中“In the future, students will have online lessons sometimes.”，可知学生未来会在家上线上课程，故选A。 4. 句意：未来的校园里，学生每个月都会____。A选项上美术课；B选项野餐；C选项参观博物馆。根据文中“Students will have picnics every month.”，可知学生每月会组织野餐，故选B。 5. 句意：这篇文章讲述了____。A选项生活和校园的变化；B选项不同的节日；C选项可爱的动物。通读全文可知文章围绕生活和校园的改变展开，可知本文主题是生活与校园的变化，故选A。 Passage 2 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 【导语】本文介绍了好朋友露西和莉莉两人不同的爱好与日常相处情况。 1. 句意：莉莉比露西____。A选项更矮；B选项更高；C选项更轻。根据文中“Lily is older and taller than Lucy.”，可知莉莉的身高高于露西，故选B。 2. 句意：莉莉擅长什么运动？A选项跳高；B选项画画；C选项唱歌。根据文中“She does well in the high jump and long jump.”，可知莉莉擅长跳高和跳远，故选A。 3. 句意：莉莉游泳前总会____。A选项上课；B选项做热身运动；C选项参观博物馆。根据文中“She always does warm-up exercises before swimming to keep fit.”，可知莉莉游泳前会做热身运动，故选B。 4. 句意：露西喜欢____。A选项运动；B选项绘画；C选项跑步。根据文中“Lucy likes art. She loves Chinese ink paintings and oil paintings.”，可知露西喜爱各类画作，故选B。 5. 句意：她们周末经常做什么？A选项待在家里；B选项一起外出；C选项上课。根据文中“On weekends, they often go out together and enjoy themselves.”，可知二人周末会结伴外出，故选B。 Passage 3 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 【导语】本文告诉我们要重复利用废旧物品，同时遵守公共标识与规则。 1. 句意：我们不应该____旧物品。A选项重复利用；B选项扔掉；C选项收集。根据文中“Don’t throw away old cans, plastic bottles or envelopes.”，可知我们不能随意丢弃旧物品，故选B。 2. 句意：旧罐子可以做成____。A选项笔筒；B选项泳帽；C选项故事书。根据文中“An old can can become a nice pen holder.”，可知旧罐子可以改造成笔筒，故选A。 3. 句意：我们____在图书馆内吸烟。A选项可以；B选项必须；C选项不可以。根据文中“We can’t smoke in the library.”，可知图书馆内禁止吸烟，故选C。 4. 句意：如果你迷路了，可以____。A选项在河里游泳；B选项向别人求助；C选项做手工。根据文中“When we get lost, we can ask others for help.”，可知迷路时可以寻求他人帮助，故选B。 5. 句意：这篇文章呼吁我们____。A选项重复利用物品、遵守规则；B选项多读故事书；C选项了解不同节日。通读全文可知文章围绕废物利用和遵守公共规则展开，可知文章倡导废物利用并遵守规则，故选A。 二、阅读理解 判断正误 Passage 4 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.T 【导语】本文介绍了西方的两个经典节日：感恩节和万圣节。 1. 句意：感恩节是一个西方节日。根据文中“There are many famous Western festivals. Thanksgiving is a great one.”，可知感恩节属于西方节日，故选T。 2. 句意：人们在感恩节吃月饼。根据文中“They cook nice food and eat turkey together.”，可知感恩节的传统食物是火鸡而非月饼，故选F。 3. 句意：万圣节也是一个有趣的节日。根据文中“Halloween is another fun festival.”，可知万圣节十分有趣，故选T。 4. 句意：孩子们在万圣节穿上特别的服装。根据文中“Kids wear special clothes and visit houses.”，可知孩子们在节日会穿戴特色服饰，故选T。 5. 句意：节日能给人们带来快乐。根据文中“Different festivals bring us lots of joy.”，可知节日可以为人们带来欢乐，故选T。 Passage 5 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 【导语】本文讲述了豆荚里五颗豌豆的不同经历，其中一颗豌豆帮助了生病的小女孩。 1. 句意：起初豆荚里有五颗豌豆。根据文中“there were five peas in a green pod.”，可知最初豆荚里有五颗豌豆，故选T。 2. 句意：豌豆两两结伴离开。根据文中“The five peas went out one by one to see the world.”，可知豌豆是逐个离开豆荚的，故选F。 3. 句意：有一颗豌豆落到了屋顶上。根据文中“One pea fell on a roof.”，可知有一颗豌豆掉落在屋顶，故选T。 4. 句意：所有豌豆都很勤劳。根据文中“It was lazy and did nothing.”，可知其中有一颗豌豆十分懒惰，故选F。 5. 句意：院子里的那颗豌豆帮助了一位生病的小女孩。根据文中“A sick little girl watched it every day. She became happy and healthy again.”，可知这颗豌豆让生病的女孩恢复健康，故选T。 Passage 6 1. F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 【导语】本文介绍了学校的体育课内容以及运动带来的好处。 1. 句意：学生们每周有三节体育课。根据文中“We have two PE lessons every week at school.”，可知学生每周只有两节体育课，故选F。 2. 句意：学生们在体育课上赛跑、跳远跳高。根据文中“Some students run races. Some do the long jump and high jump.”，可知体育课上有赛跑、跳跃等运动项目，故选T。 3. 句意：没有人喜欢球类运动。根据文中“Most of us like playing ball games.”，可知大多数学生都喜欢球类运动，故选F。 4. 句意：游泳时我们需要泳镜。根据文中“we must put on swimming suits, swimming caps and swimming goggles.”，可知游泳必须佩戴泳镜，故选T。 5. 句意：运动对我们的健康有益。根据文中“Doing sports can make us strong and fit.”，可知运动能够强身健体，对健康有益，故选T。 Passage 7 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F 【导语】本文讲述了热心男孩汤姆帮助走失小狗寻找主人的故事。 1. 句意：汤姆上周日发现了一只走失的小猫。根据文中“he saw a small dog near the school gate. The dog looked worried. It got lost.”，可知汤姆发现的是走失的小狗，并非小猫，故选F。 2. 句意：这只小狗因为迷路而焦躁不安。根据文中“The dog looked worried. It got lost.”，可知小狗因迷路而情绪不安，故选T。 3. 句意：汤姆帮忙寻找小狗的主人。根据文中“He looked for the owner everywhere.”，可知汤姆四处寻找狗的主人，故选T。 4. 句意：这位女士向汤姆道谢并称赞了他。根据文中“The lady was very happy and praised Tom for his kindness.”，可知狗主人对汤姆表达了感谢与夸赞，故选T。 5. 句意：汤姆不喜欢帮助别人。根据文中“Tom was glad to help others.”，可知汤姆乐于帮助他人，故选F。 Passage 8 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 【导语】本文介绍了手工制作的工具、传统手艺人以及学生们的手工爱好。 1. 句意：我们用剪刀和胶水做手工。根据文中“We can use scissors, tape and glue to make different things.”，可知剪刀、胶水都是制作手工的工具，故选T。 2. 句意：这位老手工艺人做事粗心大意。根据文中“He always worked carefully.”，可知这位手艺人做事十分认真，故选F。 3. 句意：这位手工艺人做东西得心应手。根据文中“He could make things easily.”，可知手艺人制作物件十分轻松，故选T。 4. 句意：学生们从不制作玩具飞机。根据文中“They make crowns, toy planes and model houses.”，可知学生们会制作玩具飞机，故选F。 5. 句意：做手工十分有趣。根据文中“It is great fun to make things by ourselves.”，可知亲手制作手工充满乐趣，故选T。 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $