专题04 选必一Units 3～4（期末复习讲义）高一英语下学期译林版

专题04 选择必修一Units 3~4(期末复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点：复习与绘画艺术，诗人诗歌等主题相关的重点词汇、短语的能力，更好地运用这些语言知识。 复习难点: 分享自己喜爱的画作或画家，能设计制作一份海报，介绍一位著名画家。分享自己喜爱的诗人,写一篇诗评。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重wander, strike, oppose, employ, worthy, arrange, expose, decline, frozen, grasp, blame, distinguish 在具体语境中的选择，以及 set的短语搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及的非谓语动词的句型转换，It strikes sb. that… be worthy of being done的翻译。 知识点1 wander vi.&vt.闲逛,漫步;走失;走神;蜿蜒曲折 (1)wander around 四处闲逛,到处游荡 (2)wander through 漫步穿过 (3)wander off 走失;偏离正道 (4)wander off the subject 跑题 (5)one’s mind wanders 思想开小差 (6)wander about/over the world 周游世界 (7)wander away/off 走失;走散 (8)wander from 偏离…… After dinner, they all like to wander through the streets. 晚饭后，他们都喜欢在街上闲逛。 Keep your answers short and don’t wander off the subject. 把你的答案说简单点,别跑题。 I longed to wander over the land of China and cherish the great achievements of the older generation. 我渴望漫步在中国的神州大地上, 缅怀老一辈的丰功伟绩。 wonder (U)惊奇，惊叹；(C)令人感到惊奇的事，奇迹， 奇观 v. 想知道 例1. The old man often wanders the park in the morning. 例2．Don’t let your mind wander the topic during the discussion. 知识点2 strike vt.& vi.突然想到;撞,碰;打;突击;罢工;划(火柴) n.罢工;袭击;击,打 sth. strike(s) sb.=sth. hit(s) sb.某人突然想到某事 It strikes/struck sb. that...=It occurs/occurred to sb. that...某人突然想到…… be (out) on strike 在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 launch a strike on/against 发动对……的袭击 She strikes me as a very considerate and efficient person. 她给我的印象是一个非常体贴和有效率的人。 We were all struck by his heroic deeds and moved to tears.  我们都被他的英雄事迹感动得流泪了。 On her way to work, it struck her that she had forgotten to turn off the air conditioner.在上班的路上, 她突然想到忘了关空调了。 strike 指用力“击打”, 强调一次性的“打击、敲击”等, 可与hit通用; 也可用作比喻意义。 hit 侧重“击中”; 用作名词时, 还可表示“轰动一时的演出或人物”。 beat 常指连续用力击打, 可用于在游戏、比赛中击败对方, 还可指心脏或脉搏的跳动。 Tom was so angry with Bob that he hit Bob on the head. 汤姆对鲍勃非常生气，他打了鲍勃的头。 Our team was easily beaten, which let us down. 我们队被轻易打败了，这使我们很失望。 What you said at the meeting yesterday struck me very much and I was moved to tears. 你昨天在会上所说的话深深地打动了我，使我感动得流下了眼泪。 写出下列句子中strike的词性及含义 1．A hurricane struck the east coast and the Red Cross appealed for help for victims, over two million dollars having been raised. 2．As the clock struck nine, players took up their positions and the match began. 3．The organization has voted to go on strike next Monday. 4．It struck a lot of people that health is the most valuable thing rather than money when they heard the news that Li Yong died from cancer. 5．Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 6．There is a (strike) difference between his attitude before and after the failure.      7．A big earthquake (strike) the city yesterday, causing many houses to collapse. 8．It (strike) me that I could refer to my note when I performed my duty. 知识点3 opposed adj. 截然不同的; 强烈反对的 (1)be opposed to 　反对……; 与……对立 as opposed to (表示对比)而, 相对于 (2)oppose vt. 反对; 反抗; 与(某人)较量 Oppose (sb.) doing sth. 反对（某人）做某事 We are opposed to any action that does great harm to the environment. 我们反对任何严重破坏环境的行为。 The husband strongly opposes his wife going to the party by herself. 丈夫强烈反对妻子独自去参加聚会。 oppose=object to=be against 反对; oppose为及物动词, object为不及物动词, against为介词。 例1. As she was opposed to the new plan, she refused to attend the meeting. →________________, she refused to attend the meeting. (opposed adj.) →________________, she refused to attend the meeting. (oppose vt.) 例2．I am here on business as (oppose) to a holiday. 例3．Parents and educators are opposed to (obtain) school rankings based only on test scores, arguing that they fail to reflect students’ overall development. 知识点4 employ vt. 运用, 使用; 雇用 (1)employ sb. as. . . 　　　 雇用某人作…… employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in doing sth./ be employed in doing sth. 从事于/忙于做某事 (2)employment n. 雇用; 就业 employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员 Lose no time; be always employed in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions. 不要浪费时间, 只做有用的事情, 戒除一切不必要的行为。 For the past decade, he has been employed as a firefighter. 十年来, 他一直受雇当消防员。 根据语境选出employ的含义 A．雇佣    B．利用    C．服务    D．运用，使用 1．How many people does the company employ? _________ 2．She employs her time wisely. _________ 3．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. _________ 4．The new factory is expected to create hundreds of new (employ) opportunities for the local community. 知识点5 worthy adj. 值得(或应得)……的; 值得尊敬的, 值得注意的 be worthy sth. 值得某物 be worthy of being done/ to be done ……值得被做 The artworks on display in the museum are worthy of a visit/being visited/to be visited. 正在博物馆展出的艺术品值得参观。 worthwhile(既可作表语又可作定语) It’s worthwhile doing /to do sth. 值得做某事 worth(一般只作表语) be worth+n. 值得……, 值…… be worth doing“某事值得被做”, 用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 it’s worth it这是值得的 worthy(既可作表语又可作定语) be worthy of being done/to be done=be worth doing某事值得被做 例1：The church was one of those fine old English structures and was worth visiting. （同义句转换） →The church was one of those fine old English structures and was worthy____________. →The church was one of those fine old English structures and it was worthwhile____________ it. 例2．The art exhibition, displaying a collection of masterpieces from around the world, is worthy a visit. 例3．The reference book is worthy of (buy), because it is a great help for your study. 知识点6 arrange vt. & vi. 整理, 布置; 安排, 筹备 (1)arrange for sb. /sth. to do sth. 安排某人/某物做某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange with sb. about sth. 和某人商定某事 arrange with sb. to do sth. 和某人商定做某事 (2)arrangement n. 安排, 筹备 make arrangements for 为……做好安排 I’ve arranged to see him on Friday morning.  我已安排在星期五上午见他。 They arranged for a soldier to show us around their military base.  他们安排了一位战士带领我们参观了他们的军事基地。 The boss has arranged with the workers about the pay rise. 老板已经和工人们商定好加薪的事宜。 (1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth. , 而不用arrange sb. to do sth. 。 (2)make arrangements for中的arrangement常用复数形式。 例1：Our school will arrange the meeting next week. (同义句改写) Our school will _______ _______ _______ the meeting next week. 例2：The President has arranged (join) a picnic party. 例3．They arranged for a soldier (show) us around their military base. 知识点7 expose vt. 揭露, 揭穿; 暴露, 显露; 使遭受; 使接触 (1)expose. . . to. . . 　 使……暴露于……, 使……接触到…… be exposed to 暴露于; 接触到 (2)exposure n. 暴露, 曝光; 揭露, 揭穿 We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible. 我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。 City life gives inhabitants the chance to be exposed to more culture.  城市生活给予居民接触更多文化生活的机会。 例１：写出下列句中expose的含义 1．The reporter was killed because he tried to expose a plot. 2．The more you are exposed to the English-speaking environment , the better you will learn the language. 3．His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. 例2：I’m (expose) to the thoughts of some of the world’s best writers. 例3．As you are exposed diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space. 知识点8 decline n. 衰退, 衰落, 减少, 下降　vi. & vt. 减少, 下降, 衰退, 衰落; 谢绝 (1)fall/go into a decline　失去力量﹑影响等; 开始衰落 on the decline=in decline 在减少; 在衰退 (2)decline to do sth. 谢绝做某事 Their spokesman declined to make comments on the issue.  他们的发言人拒绝就此事发表评论。 He is still one of the world’s most popular golfers, but his skill is in decline/on the decline.  他仍然是世界上最受欢迎的高尔夫球手之一，但他的技术正在衰退。 例1：据语境选出decline的含义 A．v.谢绝  B．n.减少  C． v.衰弱 1．The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. ________ 2．Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. ________ 3．I offered to give them a lift, but they declined with thanks. ________ 例2：They predicted a (decline) in the sales of the product. 知识点9 wind vi. &vt. (wound, wound)蜿蜒, 迂回; 上发条; 缠绕 wind down　 (钟表等)慢下来, (人)放松下来; 摇下(车窗) wind up 惹……生气; 停止营业; 结束(讲话等) Glass signed to the driver to wind down the window of the car to let fresh air in. I have arranged my brother to wind my watch.  我已经安排我的弟弟给我的表上发条了。 例1： 指出下列句子中画线单词wind的中文意思。 1．The river winds to the sea. _____________________ 2．My watch has stopped for I didn’t wind it last night. ______________________ 例2．Twenty years ago, the road (wind) through the forest, but now it is covered by weeds. 知识点10 frozen adj. 结冰的, 冰封的; 冷冻的; 冻僵的 (1)be frozen with fear/terror/fright 　　　 害怕得不能动弹 (2)freeze vi. &vt. (froze, frozen) 结冰; 凝固; (使人或动物)觉得很冷; (使)冻死; 惊呆; 吓呆 freeze one’s blood/make one’s blood freeze 使人极度恐惧 freeze (sth. ) up 冻结(某物) freeze to death 冻死 (3)freezing n. 冰点 adj. 冰冻的; 严寒的 freezing cold 极冷的 She stared at him, frozen with fear/terror/fright.  她盯着他, 吓得呆住了。 Without a sleeping bag, you would freeze to death out there on the mountainside.  没有睡袋, 在山上待在外面, 你会冻死的。 例1：根据语境选出freeze的含义 A．vt.冷冻，贮藏  B．vi.结冰  C． vt.冻结  D．vi.惊呆，吓呆 1．When the lake freezes, we can go skating on it. ________ 2．I’ll freeze any food that’s left over. ________ 3．The governor’s action freezes 300,000 accounts. ________ 4．I froze with terror as the door slowly opened. ________ 例2．The lake is (freeze) solid by January, allowing ice skating events. 例3．I (freeze) last night as I just wore a skirt at a cold night. 例4．Seeing a bear only meters away, I felt scared and (freeze). 例5．The lady wore a (freeze) smile on her face when hearing this. 知识点11 grasp n. 理解, 领会; 抓紧, 握紧, 控制; 能力所及 vt. 抓紧; 领会, 理解 (1) within sb. ’s grasp　 某人能理解/得到 beyond sb. ’s grasp 某人不能理解/得到 have a good grasp of 非常理解/掌握 (2)grasp +从句 理解 grasp an opportunity 抓住机会 grasp hold of 抓住 Such a difficult problem is beyond the grasp of the average pupil. I grasped the opportunity to receive further education abroad without any hesitation.  我毫不犹豫地抓住了去国外深造的机会。 He has a good grasp of English grammar.  他英语语法掌握得很好。 例1：写出下列句子中grasp的词性及含义 1．His hand was taken in a warm, firm grasp. ________ 2．Don’t let the situation escape from your grasp. ________ 3．These complex formulae (公式) are beyond the grasp of the average pupil. ________ 4．Peace is now within our grasp. ________ 5．The Government has not yet grasped the seriousness of the crisis. ________ 6．He grasped my hand and shook it warmly. ________ 知识点12 set sth. aside把……放一边, 留出, 不理会 set about sth. /doing sth. 　开始(某工作); 着手做某事 set sb. /sth. apart (from. . . ) 使某人/物(与……)分离 set sth. down 写下来 set off 出发, 引爆, 引起 set out 出发 set out to do sth. 开始做某事 set up 建立 I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercise. 我每天尽量留出一些时间锻炼一下身体。 Much of the time when we set out to do/set about doing something, we go in with a mindset of trying.  很多时候, 当我们开始着手做某件事情, 都是抱着试试看的心态。 You had better set down your idea before you forget it.  你最好把你的想法写下来, 以免忘记。 例1．Just as she prepared to set to the next village, two friends arrived in a taxi. 例2．The moment we arrived, we set out (discuss) where to set the factory. 例3．We can set early so that we’ll have set more time to read and select books. 例4．Set some time each day to practice speaking English, even if it is only five minutes. 知识点13 reward vt. 奖励, 奖赏n. 奖励, 回报; 悬赏金 (1)reward sb. for 　　因……酬谢某人 reward sb. with sth. 用……酬谢某人 (2)as a reward for 作为……的报酬; 作为……的回报 in reward for 为了报答, 作为对……的回报 (3) rewarding adj. (指活动等)值得做的, 有益的 As a reward for passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents.  作为对她考试通过的奖励, 她从她父母那儿得到了一辆自行车。 She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.  她开始给孩子唱歌, 孩子则报以微笑。 It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. 他工作很辛苦, 报酬却很少, 这不公平。 例1： As a reward for passing her exams, her parents bought a new bike for her. ________ ________ ________ passing her exams, she got a new bike from her parents. 例2．Zhang Guimei was awarded the “July 1st Medal” reward for her contributions to education. 例3．It was (reward) to see how our work helped bring people together from different cultures. 例4．A day’s work was rewarded £5 in pocket money. 例5．They rewarded the champion some flowers and applause when the match ended. 知识点14 claim n. 声明, 宣称; 所有权; 索赔vt. 宣称, 声称; 要求; 索取; 获得 lay claim to sth. 　　　 声称对某事物的拥有权 put in/make a claim for. . . 索要…… claim sth. back 要回某物; 索回 claim to do sth. 声称做某事 claim (+ that)+从句 声称 We made a claim for the damages and they paid up quickly. Many foreign experts claimed (that) it was impossible to build a railway across the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.  许多外国专家曾宣称在青藏高原上建铁路是不可能的。 Mike claims to have finished all the homework, but it is beyond belief.   例1：People claim that the theory is very complicated, when all understand it well. (句型转换) →________ the theory is very complicated, when all understand it well. 例2．It (claim) that humor not only affects patients’ moods, but can actually help them recover faster. 例3．The manager claimed (retire) because of his poor health. 知识点15 distinguish vt. &vi. 成为……的特征, 使有别于; 区分, 辨别; 认出; 使出众 (1)distinguish between A and B = distinguish A from B区分A和B distinguish oneself 　　 使自己出众 (2)distinguished adj. 有尊严的, 高贵的; 卓越的; 杰出的 be distinguished for 因……而著称; 因……而出众 (3) distinguishable　 adj. 可区别的; 可辨识的 She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery. 她因头脑冷静﹑敢作敢为而出众。 Beijing is distinguished for its long history and places of interest. 北京因其悠久的历史和名胜而著名。 例1：He distinguished himself by winning four prizes.（同义句转换） → He ________ winning four prizes. 例2：I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing one twin the other. 例3．We are fascinated by Lang Ping who has already distinguished (she) as a great volleyball coach in the world. 知识点16 cast vt. (cast, cast)投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投, 抛; 选派角色 n. 全体演员; 投, 抛 cast light on/onto sth. 　　　阐明某事 cast doubt(s) on sth. 使人对某事产生怀疑 cast a look/glance at sb. /sth. 快速地看一眼某人/某物 cast sb. in a role/a part 选某人扮演角色 cast about/around for sth. 拼命寻找或苦苦思索某事物 cast. . . aside 抛弃; 排除; 消除; 废除 He cast a glance at the menu, and then ordered a dish. 他瞥了一眼菜单, 然后点了一道菜。 My opponent was cast as/cast in the role of Othello, which I was not tolerant of.  我的对手被选派扮演奥赛罗的角色, 这是我不能容忍的。 The film with a distinguished cast is worth watching.  由著名演员联合演出的这部电影值得观看。 cast的单复数 cast表示“全体演员”时, 是复数名词, 谓语用复数形式, 类似的词还有people, staff, police等。 例1： 判断下列句子中cast的词性及含义 1．The priceless treasures were cast into the Nile（尼罗河）. 2．He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie. 3．The student cast his teacher a confused look. 4．He was the only native Italian, the rest of the cast were British. 例2：What he said (cast) new light on the problem. 知识点17 owe vt. 欠(情); 欠(债) owe sb. money/owe money to sb. 欠某人钱 owe sth. to sb. /sth. 将某事物归因或归功于某人/物 owe it to sb. +that从句/ to do sth. 将……归功于某人 owe sb. a lot/owe sb. a great deal 很感激某人 owe a debt of gratitude to sb. 感激某人 I owe a big debt of gratitude to her. 我对她万分感激。 We all think it’s you that we should owe our success to you.  我们都认为, 我们应该把我们的成功归功于你。 owe+形式宾语it 表示“应归功于”时, 若其直接宾语是一个从句或动词不定式, 注意用形式宾语it。有类似用法的词还有appreciate/like/hate+it+从句; depend/rely on +it+ that从句, take it for granted+ that从句/ to do sth. 例1：I owe my great progress in English learning to my English teacher. (句型转换) →I ______ my English teacher ______ I have made great progress in English learning. →I ______ my English teacher ______ make great progress in English learning. 例2．She owes it to herself (finish) the work by the end of the day. 例3． (owe) to the heavy rain, the game was cancelled. 知识点18 blame vt. 把……归咎于, 责怪, 指责n. 责任, 责备, 指责 (1)blame sb. for sth. / doing sth. 为某事责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for. . . )应(为……)承担责任 (2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任 put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人 You don’t have to blame yourself for owing so much money. 你不用为欠这么多钱自责。 It was he who was to blame for the safety accident.  他应该对这起安全事故负责。 The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving/put/laid blame for the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving.  警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。 He was to blame for the accident because he had not been driving carefully.  他没有谨慎驾驶, 应对事故负责。 例1：As a matter of fact, the driver should be blamed for it. （同义句转换） →As a matter of fact, the driver is_______　. 例2．Paul was in low spirits because he was blamed the breakdown of the school computer network. 例3．I told my best friend that my teammate was blame, just letting off steam. ( 基础通关练 （测试时间： 10 分钟） ) 一. 单句语法填空 1．Equally (strike), however, is the relative stability of the climate in the past 10 years. 2．Most of the members of the football club were opposed cutting the number of the staff. 3．The two (oppose) teams argued fiercely over the game rules. 4．Providing training courses for (employ) helps improve their work efficiency greatly. 5．These ancient artifacts are worthy (display) in a top-tier museum. 6．After the (arrange) was made, everyone felt relaxed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Long-term (expose) to strong sunlight without protection may cause serious damage to your skin and even increase the risk of illness. ８．In spite of many invitations, he would always decline (join) the get-togethers on account of his health condition. ９．When we arrived there , we found that the road (wind) its way into the hill. 10．My husband will never eat (freeze) peas. 11．If the meaning is your grasp, you can ask the teacher for help. 12．They set out (explore) the jungle, where they will recognize the worth of the mysterious natural world. 13．Although volunteering takes time and effort, helping others is a deeply (reward) experience. 14．They claim (have) a 40% worldwide market share. 15．Her unique accent distinguishes her other students, and you can easily tell her from the crowd by it. 16．The sun shone through the leaves, casting shadows the grass. 17．Anyone would be cast by such news as that. 18．You owe it to yourself (pursue) your passions. 19．The boss didn’t blame his assistant the mistake, which was beyond expectations. 二、完成句子 1．I suddenly realized that I might have misunderstood him.(同义句转换:strike) →________I might have misunderstood him. 2．刚开始他反对我们的建议，但是我们最终使他改变了观点。 At first he ________________, but we managed to bring him round finally. (opposed) 3．我们应该鼓励学生表达自己的想法，而不是只听老师讲解。(as opposed to) We should encourage students to express their own ideas, _________________ 4．As they all know, this suggestion is worthy to be considered. (句型转换) ①As they all know, this suggestion is ______________________________. ②As they all know, this suggestion is________________________________. 6．Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. ①________________, young people may risk going deaf.(过去分词短语作状语) ②________________, young people may risk going deaf.(现在分词短语作状语) 7．（普通表达）The number of people who run the red light has declined since the new traffic regulations came into effect. （高级表达）The number of people who run the red light has ___________ since the new traffic regulations came into effect. 8．He claimed that he had seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. (同义句转换) →He ________ a round black creature moving quickly through the water the other day. 9．All the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten. We owe it to you. (句型转换) → We owe _______________ all the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten. ( 重难突破练 （测试时间： 20 分钟） ) 一、阅读理解 The LensCulture Critics’ Choice 2026 Awards is an internationally recognized photography (摄影) competition. It is designed to discover excellent photographic talent all over the world. Hosted by LensCulture, the award invites photographers of all levels to enter their works. What sets this competition apart is its unique way of judging. A group of photography experts individually chooses photographers whose work meets their standards. Each of these experts is a famous figure in the photography industry, including museum managers, gallery directors, photo editors, and festival organizers. Rather than a single collective decision, each expert independently chooses photographers, greatly increasing competitors’ chances of being recognized.Entry fee Free for one single image; additional images typically cost about $ 10 each, $ 35 for 5 images, or $ 45 for a set of images (extra $ 25 review).Prize Up to 60 photographers are chosen as Critics’ Choice winners, showing their works on LensCulture and getting professional recognition. From these, a Top 10 is chosen (if chosen by several judges), who receive a $ 1,000 cash prize each and their works are shown in a major international show in London, together with other benefits, such as online shows, press reports, and connections with industry professionals. 1．What is special about the competition? A．Winners are chosen as levels. B．Judges make their own choices. C．Organizers decide the final winners. D．Photographers are from different fields. 2．How much may a photographer pay for a set of images? A．$ 70. B．$ 60. C．$ 35. D．$ 25. 3．Which is included in top winners’ benefits? A．Medal prizes. B．Training funds. C．Media reports. D．Online instructions. 二、完形填空 J. R. R. Tolkien, one of the most famous names in English literature, did something special for his four children: For over twenty years, he kept the 1 of Christmas alive for them through letters. Every December, a (n) 2 with a North Pole stamp would arrive. It was 3 to Tolkien’s children. Inside, it was a handwritten letter from Father Christmas. 4 illustrated, each of the letters was of course 5 by Tolkien himself. The letters 6 wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and adventures at the North Pole. Father Christmas often mentioned his 7 helper, Polar Bear, who once fell through the roof after climbing the North Pole! Sometimes, he even 8 that his helpers played too much with the toys instead of wrapping them 9 . As the children grew older, the letters 10 . One year, Father Christmas gently 11 that because many people in the world were poor and hungry, there might be fewer 12 . Tolkien was not just creating fun stories— he was also teaching kindness and 13 for others. By expressing love for his children in such a (n) 14 way, J. R. R. Tolkien became 15 a writer; he became the real Father Christmas in his children’s hearts. 1．A．energy B．magic C．luck D．effort 2．A．book B．greeting C．gift D．envelope 3．A．addressed B．returned C．awarded D．reported 4．A．Horribly B．Beautifully C．Originally D．Extremely 5．A．selected B．adapted C．printed D．composed 6．A．told B．read C．made D．used 7．A．curious B．naughty C．stupid D．simple 8．A．complained B．expected C．admitted D．questioned 9．A．away B．on C．up D．out 10．A．changed B．stopped C．reduced D．missed 11．A．argued B．cheated C．explained D．proved 12．A．helpers B．cards C．letters D．presents 13．A．duty B．wish C．care D．grief 14．A．cheap B．easy C．funny D．special 15．A．in fact B．more than C．as well D．less than 三、语法填空 Passage 1 With silver hair, 80-year-old Cai Gao, China’s first illustrator to win the Hans Christian Andersen Award, the highest international 1 (recognize) given to an author and an illustrator of children’s books, has wild imagination that refuses 2 (age). This imagination comes from observing life itself. Over the past 50 years, be it nature’s wind and stars, traditional heroes, Chinese folklore, or even war, Cai 3 (frame) them all into stories a child can grasp. It is this wide range of subjects and her diverse forms of expression 4 gave Cai a nickname among readers: “Treasure Nanny.” 5 (open) Cai’s treasure chest reveals her early work The Fox Spirit in the Abandoned Garden, an extraordinary work and the one that made her 6 household name. The book tells the story of a child who outwits (智取) a fox to save his mother, the true intention of which goes 7 the visual as Cai hopes it can teach children that fearlessness and love always overcome hardship. Cai’s artistic practice is highly diverse and integrative, deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture, blending ink-wash aesthetics with vivid folk art, 8 centered on a warm, healing childlike perspective-reinterpreting folklore, classical literature, and everyday life. The Andersen Award jury 9 (particular) praised her ability to “make cultural heritage dance with contemporary childhood sensibilities”. Yet, Cai herself said that these honors have never belonged to her alone. “When I learned that I had won the 2026 award, the first image that came to my mind was a group of creators of my generation. This award is not 10 (my) but ours,” she said. Passage 2 In Who Can Live Without Patches, famous Chinese writer Liang Heng offers deep thoughts on life’s imperfection. He takes mending worn cloth as a metaphor, exploring how people heal emotional wounds from regret, separation, 1 (lose) and broken dreams, and how new meaning grows from hard life experiences. The book includes warm stories. A rural teacher taught generations of students at home, 2 (make) up for poor local education. Another tale tells of a man’s deep memories of his mother from a temple stone, showing 3 mix of love and regret in family relations. All stories show man’s efforts 4 (repair) life’s pains. 5 (know) for warm feelings and wide popularity, the book talks about mixed love, sadness of sorrow and small happy moments, such as sunshine after rain and kind talks. Its sincere words 6 (touch) the hearts of readers from different backgrounds. In a time when social media is full of 7 (true) perfect lives avoiding hardships, the book is quite meaningful. It tells a truth: true beauty 8 (lie) not in complete perfection, but in healed wounds and valuable progress. Short and thoughtful, it comforts people in trouble and guides them 9 (calm) to face life’s ups and downs. It 10 (consider) a good book for those wishing to understand life. ( 综合拓展练 （测试时间： 10 分钟） ) Passage 1 (2024·全国高考甲卷·A) Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community’s artistic creativity.We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST.We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in Watercolor Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab.Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880—1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature’s most delicate and beautiful designs.Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel Throwing Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter’s wheel.Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织). 21.What do we know about ARTS FIRST? A.It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B.It offers art courses for all ages. C.It presents recreational activities. D.It is a major tourist attraction. 22.Which program will you join if you’re interested in drawing pictures? A.Light Awash in Watercolor. B.Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity. C.Wheel Throwing. D.Knitting and Pom-Pom Making. 23.What can you do together with Javier Marin? A.Practice a traditional dance. B.Make handcrafts. C.Visit a local museum. D.Feed invertebrates. Passage 2 (2024·全国高考甲卷·D) “I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof.Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again.From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction.Choosing what to read became easier. But writing the end—that’s hard.It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be—that’s up to you and the story you’re telling—but it might provide what you need to get there. 32.Why did the author go to Prof.Gracie? A.To discuss a novel. B.To submit a book report. C.To argue for a writer. D.To ask for a reading list. 33.What did the author realize after seeing Prof. Gracie? A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences. B.Readers are often carried away by characters. C.Each type of literature has its unique ending. D.A story which begins well will end well. 34.What is expected of a good ending? A.It satisfies readers’ taste. B.It fits with the story development. C.It is usually positive. D.It is open for imagination. 35.Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims? A.To give examples of great novelists. B.To stress the theme of this issue. C.To encourage writing for the magazine. D.To recommend their new books. ( 16 / 18 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 选择必修一Units 3~4(期末复习讲义) 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点：复习与绘画艺术，诗人诗歌等主题相关的重点词汇、短语的能力，更好地运用这些语言知识。 复习难点: 分享自己喜爱的画作或画家，能设计制作一份海报，介绍一位著名画家。分享自己喜爱的诗人,写一篇诗评。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重wander, strike, oppose, employ, worthy, arrange, expose, decline, frozen, grasp, blame, distinguish 在具体语境中的选择，以及 set的短语搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及的非谓语动词的句型转换，It strikes sb. that… be worthy of being done的翻译。 知识点1 wander vi.&vt.闲逛,漫步;走失;走神;蜿蜒曲折 (1)wander around 四处闲逛,到处游荡 (2)wander through 漫步穿过 (3)wander off 走失;偏离正道 (4)wander off the subject 跑题 (5)one’s mind wanders 思想开小差 (6)wander about/over the world 周游世界 (7)wander away/off 走失;走散 (8)wander from 偏离…… After dinner, they all like to wander through the streets. 晚饭后，他们都喜欢在街上闲逛。 Keep your answers short and don’t wander off the subject. 把你的答案说简单点,别跑题。 I longed to wander over the land of China and cherish the great achievements of the older generation. 我渴望漫步在中国的神州大地上, 缅怀老一辈的丰功伟绩。 wonder (U)惊奇，惊叹；(C)令人感到惊奇的事，奇迹， 奇观 v. 想知道 例1. The old man often wanders the park in the morning. 【答案】around 【详解】句意：这位老人早上经常在公园四处漫步。wander around为固定搭配，意为“四处游荡；漫步”。 例2．Don’t let your mind wander the topic during the discussion. 【答案】from 【详解】句意：讨论期间不要让思绪偏离主题。wander from“偏离，脱离”是固定搭配。 知识点2 strike vt.& vi.突然想到;撞,碰;打;突击;罢工;划(火柴) n.罢工;袭击;击,打 sth. strike(s) sb.=sth. hit(s) sb.某人突然想到某事 It strikes/struck sb. that...=It occurs/occurred to sb. that...某人突然想到…… be (out) on strike 在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 launch a strike on/against 发动对……的袭击 She strikes me as a very considerate and efficient person. 她给我的印象是一个非常体贴和有效率的人。 We were all struck by his heroic deeds and moved to tears.  我们都被他的英雄事迹感动得流泪了。 On her way to work, it struck her that she had forgotten to turn off the air conditioner.在上班的路上, 她突然想到忘了关空调了。 strike 指用力“击打”, 强调一次性的“打击、敲击”等, 可与hit通用; 也可用作比喻意义。 hit 侧重“击中”; 用作名词时, 还可表示“轰动一时的演出或人物”。 beat 常指连续用力击打, 可用于在游戏、比赛中击败对方, 还可指心脏或脉搏的跳动。 Tom was so angry with Bob that he hit Bob on the head. 汤姆对鲍勃非常生气，他打了鲍勃的头。 Our team was easily beaten, which let us down. 我们队被轻易打败了，这使我们很失望。 What you said at the meeting yesterday struck me very much and I was moved to tears. 你昨天在会上所说的话深深地打动了我，使我感动得流下了眼泪。 写出下列句子中strike的词性及含义 1．A hurricane struck the east coast and the Red Cross appealed for help for victims, over two million dollars having been raised. 2．As the clock struck nine, players took up their positions and the match began. 3．The organization has voted to go on strike next Monday. 4．It struck a lot of people that health is the most valuable thing rather than money when they heard the news that Li Yong died from cancer. 5．Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 【答案】1．侵袭 2．(钟)敲, 报时 3．罢工 4．突然想起 5．撞击 【解析】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场飓风袭击了东海岸，红十字会呼吁为受害者提供帮助，已经筹集了200多万美元。根据句意可知，此句中struck意为“侵袭”。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时钟敲到九点时，球员们各就各位，比赛开始了。根据句意可知，此句中struck意为“(钟)敲, 报时”。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该组织已投票决定下周一举行罢工。根据句意可知，此句中strike意为“罢工”。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们听到李勇死于癌症的消息时，很多人认为健康是最宝贵的东西，而不是钱。根据句意可知，此句中struck意为“突然想起”。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在9月之前，米勒被车撞了，失去了右臂。根据句意可知，此句中struck意为“撞击”。 6．There is a (strike) difference between his attitude before and after the failure. 【答案】striking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：失败前后他的态度有着显著的差异。设空处修饰名词difference，应填形容词striking“显著的”作定语。故填striking。       7．A big earthquake (strike) the city yesterday, causing many houses to collapse. 【答案】struck 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨天一场大地震袭击了这座城市，导致许多房屋倒塌。根据时间状语yesterday可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，strike的过去式是struck，故填struck。 8．It (strike) me that I could refer to my note when I performed my duty. 【答案】struck 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我突然想到，在履行职责时我可以参考我的笔记。It strikes sb. that...是固定句型，表示“某人突然想到……”。根据when I performed my duty可知，该句时态为一般过去时，所以要用strike的过去式struck。故填struck。 知识点3 opposed adj. 截然不同的; 强烈反对的 (1)be opposed to 　反对……; 与……对立 as opposed to (表示对比)而, 相对于 (2)oppose vt. 反对; 反抗; 与(某人)较量 Oppose (sb.) doing sth. 反对（某人）做某事 We are opposed to any action that does great harm to the environment. 我们反对任何严重破坏环境的行为。 The husband strongly opposes his wife going to the party by herself. 丈夫强烈反对妻子独自去参加聚会。 oppose=object to=be against 反对; oppose为及物动词, object为不及物动词, against为介词。 例1. As she was opposed to the new plan, she refused to attend the meeting. →________________, she refused to attend the meeting. (opposed adj.) →________________, she refused to attend the meeting. (oppose vt.) 【答案】 Opposed to the new plan Opposing the new plan 【详解】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意：由于她反对新计划，她拒绝参加会议。原句中as引导的原因状语从句可以改为形容词作状语，opposed“反对的”是形容词，opposed to“反对……”是固定搭配，所以第一个空格处填opposed to the new plan。原句中as引导的原因状语从句也可以改为非谓语动词作状语，动词oppose是及物动词，与主语she之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词opposing作状语，所以第二个空格处填opposing the new plan。故答案为Opposed to the new plan；Opposing the new plan。 例2．I am here on business as (oppose) to a holiday. 【答案】opposed 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我在这里是出差，而不是度假。根据固定搭配“as opposed to(与……相对，而不是)”可知，此处需填入所给词“oppose”的过去分词形式“opposed”，构成完整介词短语。故填opposed。 例3．Parents and educators are opposed to (obtain) school rankings based only on test scores, arguing that they fail to reflect students’ overall development. 【答案】obtaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：家长和教育工作者反对仅根据考试成绩来排名学校，他们认为这样的排名不能反映学生的全面发展。be opposed to doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“反对做某事”，其中to为介词，后接动名词obtaining作宾语，故填obtaining。 知识点4 employ vt. 运用, 使用; 雇用 (1)employ sb. as. . . 　　　 雇用某人作…… employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in doing sth./ be employed in doing sth. 从事于/忙于做某事 (2)employment n. 雇用; 就业 employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员 Lose no time; be always employed in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions. 不要浪费时间, 只做有用的事情, 戒除一切不必要的行为。 For the past decade, he has been employed as a firefighter. 十年来, 他一直受雇当消防员。 根据语境选出employ的含义 A．雇佣    B．利用    C．服务    D．运用，使用 1．How many people does the company employ? _________ 2．She employs her time wisely. _________ 3．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. _________ 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：这家公司雇佣了多少人？employ在句中是谓语动词，意为“雇佣”。故选A。 2．考查动词。句意：她明智地利用时间。employs在句中是谓语动词，意为“利用”。故选B。 3．考查动词。句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代方法是从20世纪80年代中期才开始使用的，而且要在大范围内持续执行是昂贵的。employed在句中是谓语动词，意为“运用，使用”。故选D。 4．The new factory is expected to create hundreds of new (employ) opportunities for the local community. 【答案】employment 【详解】考查名词。句意：新工厂预计将为当地社区创造数百个新的就业机会。employment opportunity是固定用法，意为“就业机会”，故填employment。 知识点5 worthy adj. 值得(或应得)……的; 值得尊敬的, 值得注意的 be worthy sth. 值得某物 be worthy of being done/ to be done ……值得被做 The artworks on display in the museum are worthy of a visit/being visited/to be visited. 正在博物馆展出的艺术品值得参观。 worthwhile(既可作表语又可作定语) It’s worthwhile doing /to do sth. 值得做某事 worth(一般只作表语) be worth+n. 值得……, 值…… be worth doing“某事值得被做”, 用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 it’s worth it这是值得的 worthy(既可作表语又可作定语) be worthy of being done/to be done=be worth doing某事值得被做 例1：The church was one of those fine old English structures and was worth visiting. （同义句转换） →The church was one of those fine old English structures and was worthy____________. →The church was one of those fine old English structures and it was worthwhile____________ it. 【答案】 to be visited/of being visited visiting/to visit 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这座教堂是英国古老的建筑之一，值得参观。分析可知，1小题涉及短语be worthy to be done/of being done“值得被做......”，2小题涉及固定表达it be worthwhile to do/doing“做某事是值得的”,it作形式主语，不定式或动名词作真正的主语。综上，故填①to be visited/of being visited②visiting/to visit。 例2．The art exhibition, displaying a collection of masterpieces from around the world, is worthy a visit. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：这个艺术展览，展示了来自世界各地的杰作，值得参观。“be worthy of + 名词 ”是固定搭配，意为 “值得……”，故填of。 例3．The reference book is worthy of (buy), because it is a great help for your study. 【答案】being bought 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本参考书值得买, 因为它对你的学习有很大的帮助。be worthy of being done为固定短语，表示“值得被……”，强调某事物值得接受某种行为或待遇，故空处应用动名词的被动形式being bought。故填being bought。 知识点6 arrange vt. & vi. 整理, 布置; 安排, 筹备 (1)arrange for sb. /sth. to do sth. 安排某人/某物做某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange with sb. about sth. 和某人商定某事 arrange with sb. to do sth. 和某人商定做某事 (2)arrangement n. 安排, 筹备 make arrangements for 为……做好安排 I’ve arranged to see him on Friday morning.  我已安排在星期五上午见他。 They arranged for a soldier to show us around their military base.  他们安排了一位战士带领我们参观了他们的军事基地。 The boss has arranged with the workers about the pay rise. 老板已经和工人们商定好加薪的事宜。 (1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth. , 而不用arrange sb. to do sth. 。 (2)make arrangements for中的arrangement常用复数形式。 例1：Our school will arrange the meeting next week. (同义句改写) Our school will _______ _______ _______ the meeting next week. 【答案】 make arrangements for 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们学校将安排下周的会议。分析原句和和改写句可知，需改写部分是动词“arrange”，此处可改写为动词短语：make arrangements for意为“安排”，空前是助动词will，所以填动词原形。故填①make；②arrangements；③for。 例2：The President has arranged (join) a picnic party. 【答案】to join 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统已安排参加一次野餐会。固定搭配arrange to do sth.表示“安排做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to join。 例3．They arranged for a soldier (show) us around their military base. 【答案】to show 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们安排了一名士兵带我们参观他们的军事基地。arrange for sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“安排某人做某事”。故填to show。 知识点7 expose vt. 揭露, 揭穿; 暴露, 显露; 使遭受; 使接触 (1)expose. . . to. . . 　 使……暴露于……, 使……接触到…… be exposed to 暴露于; 接触到 (2)exposure n. 暴露, 曝光; 揭露, 揭穿 We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible. 我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。 City life gives inhabitants the chance to be exposed to more culture.  城市生活给予居民接触更多文化生活的机会。 例１：写出下列句中expose的含义 1．The reporter was killed because he tried to expose a plot. 2．The more you are exposed to the English-speaking environment , the better you will learn the language. 3．His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. 【答案】1．揭露 2．使接触 3．使暴露 【解析】1．考查动词。句意：这位记者因试图揭露阴谋而被杀。结合前文“The reporter was killed”和宾语“a plot”可知，动词expose意思是“揭露”。故填：揭露。 2．考查动词。句意：你接触英语环境越多，学习这门语言的效果就越好。结合后文“the English-speaking environment”可知，动词expose意思是“使接触”。故填：使接触。 3．考查动词。句意：他的研究表明，当知更鸟在实验室中暴露在夜间光线下时，会导致某些基因在一天中的错误时间活跃。结合后文的“light at night”可知，动词expose意思是“使暴露”。故填：使暴露。 例2：I’m (expose) to the thoughts of some of the world’s best writers. 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：我接触到了一些世界上最好的作家的思想。动词expose“使接触，使暴露”与主语I之间是被动关系，本空用过去分词exposed，与空前的am构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填exposed。 例3．As you are exposed diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：当你接触到不同的文化时，你可能会觉得穿越了时间和空间。be exposed to“接触”，固定搭配。故填to。 知识点8 decline n. 衰退, 衰落, 减少, 下降　vi. & vt. 减少, 下降, 衰退, 衰落; 谢绝 (1)fall/go into a decline　失去力量﹑影响等; 开始衰落 on the decline=in decline 在减少; 在衰退 (2)decline to do sth. 谢绝做某事 Their spokesman declined to make comments on the issue.  他们的发言人拒绝就此事发表评论。 He is still one of the world’s most popular golfers, but his skill is in decline/on the decline.  他仍然是世界上最受欢迎的高尔夫球手之一，但他的技术正在衰退。 例1：据语境选出decline的含义 A．v.谢绝  B．n.减少  C． v.衰弱 1．The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. ________ 2．Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. ________ 3．I offered to give them a lift, but they declined with thanks. ________ 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：梅雷迪思家族生活在小社区。由于经济衰退，镇上一些人失业了。 名词作宾语，说明经济状态。根据句意可知，划线词为“衰退”的意思。故选B。 2．考查动词。句意：当然，随着年龄增长，我们的大脑会因多种原因衰弱——包括环境影响或基因因素。空格前有情态动词can，需动词原形 。根据句意可知，划线词为“衰弱”的意思。故选C。   3．考查动词。句意：我主动提出载他们一程，但他们婉言谢绝了。 动词作谓语，根据句意可知，划线词为“谢绝”的意思。故选A。 例2：They predicted a (decline) in the sales of the product. 【答案】decline 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们预测该产品的销量会下降。空格前为不定冠词“a”，说明此处需填入可数名词的单数形式。所给词“decline” 本身既可作动词（意为“下降；衰退”），也可作名词（意为“下降；减少”）。此处需要名词形式，“a decline in...”为固定搭配，意为 “…… 的下降”，符合句意。故填decline。 知识点9 wind vi. &vt. (wound, wound)蜿蜒, 迂回; 上发条; 缠绕 wind down　 (钟表等)慢下来, (人)放松下来; 摇下(车窗) wind up 惹……生气; 停止营业; 结束(讲话等) Glass signed to the driver to wind down the window of the car to let fresh air in. I have arranged my brother to wind my watch.  我已经安排我的弟弟给我的表上发条了。 例1： 指出下列句子中画线单词wind的中文意思。 1．The river winds to the sea. _____________________ 2．My watch has stopped for I didn’t wind it last night. ______________________ 【答案】1．vi.蜿蜒 2．vt.给钟表上发条 1．考查动词。句意：这条河蜿蜒入海。winds在句中作不及物动词。根据The river和to the sea可知，这里指这条河蜿蜒入海。wind意为“蜿蜒”。故答案为：vi.蜿蜒。 2．考查动词。句意：我的表停了，因为我昨晚没有上发条。wind在句中作及物动词。根据My watch可知，这里指给手表上发条。wind意为“给钟表上发条”。故答案为：vt.给钟表上发条。 例2．Twenty years ago, the road (wind) through the forest, but now it is covered by weeds. 【答案】wound 【详解】考查时态。句意：二十年前，这条路蜿蜒穿过森林，但现在它被杂草覆盖了。根据Twenty years ago可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用wind“蜿蜒”的过去式wound。故填wound。 知识点10 frozen adj. 结冰的, 冰封的; 冷冻的; 冻僵的 (1)be frozen with fear/terror/fright 　　　 害怕得不能动弹 (2)freeze vi. &vt. (froze, frozen) 结冰; 凝固; (使人或动物)觉得很冷; (使)冻死; 惊呆; 吓呆 freeze one’s blood/make one’s blood freeze 使人极度恐惧 freeze (sth. ) up 冻结(某物) freeze to death 冻死 (3)freezing n. 冰点 adj. 冰冻的; 严寒的 freezing cold 极冷的 She stared at him, frozen with fear/terror/fright.  她盯着他, 吓得呆住了。 Without a sleeping bag, you would freeze to death out there on the mountainside.  没有睡袋, 在山上待在外面, 你会冻死的。 例1：根据语境选出freeze的含义 A．vt.冷冻，贮藏  B．vi.结冰  C． vt.冻结  D．vi.惊呆，吓呆 1．When the lake freezes, we can go skating on it. ________ 2．I’ll freeze any food that’s left over. ________ 3．The governor’s action freezes 300,000 accounts. ________ 4．I froze with terror as the door slowly opened. ________ 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【详解】1．考查动词词义。句意：当湖面结冰时，我们可以在上面滑冰。freezes作从句谓语，且后面没有宾语，是不及物动词，结合“we can go skating on it”可知，此处是指湖面结冰，因此freeze意为“结冰”。故选B。 2．考查动词词义。句意：我会把剩下的食物冷冻起来。freeze作主句的谓语，且后面有宾语，是及物动词，结合“food that's left over”可知，此处指把剩下的食物冻起来，因此freeze意为“冷冻，贮藏”。故选A。 3．考查动词词义。句意：州长的行动冻结了30万个账户。freezes作句子谓语，且后面有宾语，是及物动词，结合“300,000 accounts”可知，此处指冻结账户，因此freeze意为“冻结”。故选C。 4．考查动词词义。句意：门慢慢打开时，我吓得僵住了。froze作主句谓语，且后面没有宾语，是不及物动词，结合“with terror”可知，此处指吓呆了，因此freeze意为“惊呆，吓呆”。故选D。 例2．The lake is (freeze) solid by January, allowing ice skating events. 【答案】frozen 【详解】句意：到了一月份，这个湖就已经完全结冰了，可以进行滑冰活动了。主语与谓语freeze构成被动关系，结合is可知为一般现在时的被动语态，应填过去分词形式。 例3．I (freeze) last night as I just wore a skirt at a cold night. 【答案】froze 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨晚我冻得发僵，因为那天晚上天气很冷，而我却只穿了条裙子。根据后文last night可知为一般过去时。freeze过去式为froze。故填froze。 例4．Seeing a bear only meters away, I felt scared and (freeze). 【答案】froze 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：看到离我只有几米远的一只熊，我感到害怕，整个人都僵住了。根据上文felt可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填froze。 例5．The lady wore a (freeze) smile on her face when hearing this. 【答案】freezing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：听到这话，那位女士脸上露出了冰冷的笑容。修饰smile，用形容词freezing，故填freezing。 知识点11 grasp n. 理解, 领会; 抓紧, 握紧, 控制; 能力所及 vt. 抓紧; 领会, 理解 (1) within sb. ’s grasp　 某人能理解/得到 beyond sb. ’s grasp 某人不能理解/得到 have a good grasp of 非常理解/掌握 (2)grasp +从句 理解 grasp an opportunity 抓住机会 grasp hold of 抓住 Such a difficult problem is beyond the grasp of the average pupil. I grasped the opportunity to receive further education abroad without any hesitation.  我毫不犹豫地抓住了去国外深造的机会。 He has a good grasp of English grammar.  他英语语法掌握得很好。 例1：写出下列句子中grasp的词性及含义 1．His hand was taken in a warm, firm grasp. ________ 2．Don’t let the situation escape from your grasp. ________ 3．These complex formulae (公式) are beyond the grasp of the average pupil. ________ 4．Peace is now within our grasp. ________ 5．The Government has not yet grasped the seriousness of the crisis. ________ 6．He grasped my hand and shook it warmly. ________ 【答案】1．(n.)紧抓，紧握 2．(n.)控制 3．(n.)理解，领会 4．(n.)能力所及 5．(v.)理解，领会 5．(v.)抓紧，抓牢 【解析】1．考查名词。句意：他的手被温暖而坚定地抓住。分析句子可知本句中的grasp是名词，在句子中充当介词in的宾语，表示“抓住，紧握”的意思，通常使用单数形式。故填(n.)紧抓，紧握。 2．考查名词。句意：别让局面失去控制。分析句子可知本句中的grasp名词，在句子中充当介词from的宾语，表示“控制”的意思。故填(n.)控制。 3．考查名词。句意：这些复杂的公式超出了普通学生的能力。分析句子可知本句中的grasp是名词，在句子中充当介词beyond的宾语，表示“理解力，领会力”的意思。故填(n.)理解，领会。 4．考查名词。句意：我们现在和平在望。分析句子可知本句中的grasp是名词，在句子中充当介词within的宾语，表示“能力所及”的意思。故填(n.)能力所及。 5．考查动词。句意：政府尚未意识到危机的严重性。分析句子可知本句中的grasp是动词，在句子中充当谓语部分，和助动词has构成现在完成时，表示“领会”的意思。故填(v.)理解，领会。 6．考查动词。句意：他抓住我的手，热情地握了握。分析句子可知本句中的grasp是动词，在句子中充当谓语部分，表示“抓紧，抓住”的意思。故填(v.)抓紧，抓牢。 知识点12 set sth. aside把……放一边, 留出, 不理会 set about sth. /doing sth. 　开始(某工作); 着手做某事 set sb. /sth. apart (from. . . ) 使某人/物(与……)分离 set sth. down 写下来 set off 出发, 引爆, 引起 set out 出发 set out to do sth. 开始做某事 set up 建立 I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercise. 我每天尽量留出一些时间锻炼一下身体。 Much of the time when we set out to do/set about doing something, we go in with a mindset of trying.  很多时候, 当我们开始着手做某件事情, 都是抱着试试看的心态。 You had better set down your idea before you forget it.  你最好把你的想法写下来, 以免忘记。 例1．Just as she prepared to set to the next village, two friends arrived in a taxi. 【答案】off 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：正当她准备动身去下一个村子时，两个朋友乘出租车来了。根据“to the next village”可知，此处指“动身去下一个村子”，set off为固定短语，意为“动身，出发”。故填off。 例2．The moment we arrived, we set out (discuss) where to set the factory. 【答案】 to discuss up 【详解】考查不定式和介词。句意：我们一到达，就着手讨论在哪里建工厂。第一空考查非谓语动词。“set out to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“着手做某事”，所以填“to discuss” 。第二空考查固定短语“set up”，意为“建立”，这里表示讨论在哪里建立工厂。故填to discuss；up。 例3．We can set early so that we’ll have set more time to read and select books. 【答案】 out aside 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们可以早点出发，这样就能留出更多时间读书和选书。第一空，set out为固定短语，意为“出发”，符合early的提示。故填out。 第二空，set aside为固定短语，意为“留出，拨出”，符合more time的提示。故填aside。 例4．Set some time each day to practice speaking English, even if it is only five minutes. 【答案】aside 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：每天留出一些时间来练习说英语，即使只有五分钟。set aside是固定短语，意为“留出，拨出”，本空用副词aside，作状语，修饰Set。故填aside。 知识点13 reward vt. 奖励, 奖赏n. 奖励, 回报; 悬赏金 (1)reward sb. for 　　因……酬谢某人 reward sb. with sth. 用……酬谢某人 (2)as a reward for 作为……的报酬; 作为……的回报 in reward for 为了报答, 作为对……的回报 (3) rewarding adj. (指活动等)值得做的, 有益的 As a reward for passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents.  作为对她考试通过的奖励, 她从她父母那儿得到了一辆自行车。 She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.  她开始给孩子唱歌, 孩子则报以微笑。 It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. 他工作很辛苦, 报酬却很少, 这不公平。 例1： As a reward for passing her exams, her parents bought a new bike for her. ________ ________ ________ passing her exams, she got a new bike from her parents. 【答案】In return for 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：作为对她通过考试的奖励，她的父母给她买了一辆新自行车。对比中英文句子可知，空格处替换上一句中的“As a reward for”，意为“作为对……的奖励”，可换为固定短语in return for，位于句首的单词首字母大写，作状语。故填In return for。 例2．Zhang Guimei was awarded the “July 1st Medal” reward for her contributions to education. 【答案】in 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：因对教育事业的贡献，张桂梅被授予“七一勋章”。in reward for是固定短语，意为“作为对……的奖励/回报”，符合语境。故填in。 例3．It was (reward) to see how our work helped bring people together from different cultures. 【答案】rewarding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到我们的工作帮助不同文化背景的人们走到一起，这是很有意义的。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词作表语，reward的形容词形式是rewarding，意为“值得的；有意义的”，符合语境。故填rewarding。 例4．A day’s work was rewarded £5 in pocket money. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：一天的工作可以得到5英镑的零花钱。be rewarded with是固定短语，意为“被奖励以……”，因此空格处用介词with，故填with。 例5．They rewarded the champion some flowers and applause when the match ended. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：当比赛结束时，他们会奖励冠军一些鲜花和掌声。reward sb. with sth.“奖励某人某物”，故填with。 知识点14 claim n. 声明, 宣称; 所有权; 索赔vt. 宣称, 声称; 要求; 索取; 获得 lay claim to sth. 　　　 声称对某事物的拥有权 put in/make a claim for. . . 索要…… claim sth. back 要回某物; 索回 claim to do sth. 声称做某事 claim (+ that)+从句 声称 We made a claim for the damages and they paid up quickly. Many foreign experts claimed (that) it was impossible to build a railway across the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.  许多外国专家曾宣称在青藏高原上建铁路是不可能的。 Mike claims to have finished all the homework, but it is beyond belief.   例1：People claim that the theory is very complicated, when all understand it well. (句型转换) →________ the theory is very complicated, when all understand it well. 【答案】It is claimed that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：有人说这个理论很复杂，其实大家都懂。此处People claim that...可用句型It is claimed that...替换，It作形式主语，that引导的名词性从句作真正主语，故填It is claimed that。 例2．It (claim) that humor not only affects patients’ moods, but can actually help them recover faster. 【答案】is claimed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据称，幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且实际上还能帮助他们更快地康复。此处it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，与动词claim之间为被动关系。同时，句子描述的是一种普遍被认为的事实或观点，应用一般现在时，句中it is claimed that为固定句型，意为“据称……”。故填is claimed。 例3．The manager claimed (retire) because of his poor health. 【答案】to retire 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：经理声称因为身体不好而退休。“声称做某事”为claim to do sth。故填to retire。 知识点15 distinguish vt. &vi. 成为……的特征, 使有别于; 区分, 辨别; 认出; 使出众 (1)distinguish between A and B = distinguish A from B区分A和B distinguish oneself 　　 使自己出众 (2)distinguished adj. 有尊严的, 高贵的; 卓越的; 杰出的 be distinguished for 因……而著称; 因……而出众 (3) distinguishable　 adj. 可区别的; 可辨识的 She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery. 她因头脑冷静﹑敢作敢为而出众。 Beijing is distinguished for its long history and places of interest. 北京因其悠久的历史和名胜而著名。 例1：He distinguished himself by winning four prizes.（同义句转换） → He ________ winning four prizes. 【答案】was distinguished for 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：他因得了四项奖而闻名。distinguish oneself by因……而闻名，其同义词组为be distinguished for，根据原句可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，主语是三单，be动词需用was。故填was distinguished for。 例2：I sometimes have difficulty distinguishing one twin the other. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：我有时很难区分双胞胎中的一个和另一个。根据“distinguishing one twin”和“the other”可知，此处用固定短语distinguishing A from B表示“把A和B区分开”。故填from。 例3．We are fascinated by Lang Ping who has already distinguished (she) as a great volleyball coach in the world. 【答案】herself 【详解】考查代词。句意：我们被郎平深深吸引，因为她已经在全球范围内树立起了出色的排球教练的典范形象。短语distinguish oneself from表示“使自己有别于……”，故填herself。 知识点16 cast vt. (cast, cast)投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投, 抛; 选派角色 n. 全体演员; 投, 抛 cast light on/onto sth. 　　　阐明某事 cast doubt(s) on sth. 使人对某事产生怀疑 cast a look/glance at sb. /sth. 快速地看一眼某人/某物 cast sb. in a role/a part 选某人扮演角色 cast about/around for sth. 拼命寻找或苦苦思索某事物 cast. . . aside 抛弃; 排除; 消除; 废除 He cast a glance at the menu, and then ordered a dish. 他瞥了一眼菜单, 然后点了一道菜。 My opponent was cast as/cast in the role of Othello, which I was not tolerant of.  我的对手被选派扮演奥赛罗的角色, 这是我不能容忍的。 The film with a distinguished cast is worth watching.  由著名演员联合演出的这部电影值得观看。 cast的单复数 cast表示“全体演员”时, 是复数名词, 谓语用复数形式, 类似的词还有people, staff, police等。 例1： 判断下列句子中cast的词性及含义 1．The priceless treasures were cast into the Nile（尼罗河）. 2．He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie. 3．The student cast his teacher a confused look. 4．He was the only native Italian, the rest of the cast were British. 【答案】1．vt.扔 2．vt.选派角色 3．vt.向……投以 4．n.全体演员 【分析】1．考查动词。句意：无价之宝被投进了尼罗河。分析句子可知，were cast是谓语，是一般过去时的被动，cast在此为及物动词的过去分词，译为“扔”，故答案为：vt.扔。 2．考查动词。句意：他让她在他的最新影片中扮演一位雄心勃勃的律师。分析句子可知，has cast是谓语，是现在完成时，宾语是her 。cast在此为及物动词的过去分词，译为“选派角色”，故答案为：vt.选派角色。 3．考查动词。句意：那个学生困惑地看了老师一眼。分析句子可知，cast是谓语，是一般过去时，宾语是his teacher 。cast在此为及物动词的过去式，译为“向……投以”，故答案为：vt.向……投以。 4．考查名词。句意：他是唯一一个土生土长的意大利人，其他演员都是英国人。the cast是后句的主语，为名词。译为“全体演员”，故答案为：n.全体演员。 例2：What he said (cast) new light on the problem. 【答案】cast 【详解】考查时态。句意：他所说的话为这个问题提供了新的线索。空处为主句谓语动词，结合从句谓语动词said可知，此处也为一般过去时，cast用过去式形式，故填cast。 知识点17 owe vt. 欠(情); 欠(债) owe sb. money/owe money to sb. 欠某人钱 owe sth. to sb. /sth. 将某事物归因或归功于某人/物 owe it to sb. +that从句/ to do sth. 将……归功于某人 owe sb. a lot/owe sb. a great deal 很感激某人 owe a debt of gratitude to sb. 感激某人 I owe a big debt of gratitude to her. 我对她万分感激。 We all think it’s you that we should owe our success to you.  我们都认为, 我们应该把我们的成功归功于你。 owe+形式宾语it 表示“应归功于”时, 若其直接宾语是一个从句或动词不定式, 注意用形式宾语it。有类似用法的词还有appreciate/like/hate+it+从句; depend/rely on +it+ that从句, take it for granted+ that从句/ to do sth. 例1：I owe my great progress in English learning to my English teacher. (句型转换) →I ______ my English teacher ______ I have made great progress in English learning. →I ______ my English teacher ______ make great progress in English learning. 【答案】 owe it to that owe it to to 【详解】考查动词短语，宾语从句，形式宾语。句意：多亏了我的英语老师，我在英语学习上取得了很大的进步。思路一：此处需要使用连接词引导从句“I have made great progress in English learning.”，结合句意，此处使用固定短语“owe sth. to sth.”意为“将……归功于……”，此处需使用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为连接词引导的从句，即宾语从句，从句结构完整，因此可使用连接词that。故填①owe it to；②that。思路二：结合句意，此处使用固定短语“owe sth. to sth.”意为“将……归功于……”，此处需使用it作形式宾语，第四个空需要使用非谓语不定式作真正的宾语。故填③owe it to；④to。故答案为：①owe it to；②that。③owe it to；④to。 例2．She owes it to herself (finish) the work by the end of the day. 【答案】to finish 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她理应在今天结束前完成这项工作。“owe it to oneself to do sth.”是固定句型，意为 “某人理应做某事；某人有责任做某事”，其中“it”是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。故填to finish。 例3． (owe) to the heavy rain, the game was cancelled. 【答案】Owing 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于下大雨，比赛取消了。短语owing to表示“由于”，符合句意，首字母大写。故填Owing。 知识点18 blame vt. 把……归咎于, 责怪, 指责n. 责任, 责备, 指责 (1)blame sb. for sth. / doing sth. 为某事责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for. . . )应(为……)承担责任 (2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任 put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人 You don’t have to blame yourself for owing so much money. 你不用为欠这么多钱自责。 It was he who was to blame for the safety accident.  他应该对这起安全事故负责。 The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving/put/laid blame for the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving.  警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。 He was to blame for the accident because he had not been driving carefully.  他没有谨慎驾驶, 应对事故负责。 例1：As a matter of fact, the driver should be blamed for it. （同义句转换） →As a matter of fact, the driver is_______　. 【答案】to blame for it 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：事实上，司机应该为此受到责备。be to blame for固定搭配，意为“应对……负责”，与should be blamed for同义，故填to blame for it。 例2．Paul was in low spirits because he was blamed the breakdown of the school computer network. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：保罗情绪低落，因为有人指责是他导致学校电脑网络出了故障。短语be blamed for表示“因……被指责”。故填for。 例3．I told my best friend that my teammate was blame, just letting off steam. 【答案】to 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我只是为了发泄情绪，就跟我最好的朋友说我的队友该受责备。“be to blame”是固定短语，意为“应受责备，该承担责任”。故填to。 ( 基础通关练 （测试时间： 10 分钟） ) 一. 单句语法填空 1．Equally (strike), however, is the relative stability of the climate in the past 10 years. 【答案】striking 【详解】句意：然而，同样引人注目的是过去10年里气候的相对稳定性。这是一个倒装句，提示词在作表语，描述主语the relative stability of the climate的性质，用形容词striking，意为“引人注目的”。 2．Most of the members of the football club were opposed cutting the number of the staff. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：足球俱乐部的大多数成员反对削减工作人员的数量。根据“were opposed”和“cutting”可知，此处用固定短语be opposed to doing表示“反对做某事”。故填to。 3．The two (oppose) teams argued fiercely over the game rules. 【答案】opposing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：两支对立的队伍就比赛规则激烈争论。空格处修饰名词teams，应用形容词形式opposing“对立的”，作前置定语。故填opposing。 4．Providing training courses for (employ) helps improve their work efficiency greatly. 【答案】employees 【详解】句意：为员工提供培训课程有助于大幅提高他们的工作效率。介词 for后需接名词作宾语，结合“Providing training courses”可知，要将employ变为表示“雇员”的名词employee；该词为可数名词，其前无任何修饰语，要将其变成复数形式employees，泛指所有雇员。 5．These ancient artifacts are worthy (display) in a top-tier museum. 【答案】to be displayed/of being displayed 【详解】考查固定结构。句意：这些古代文物值得被陈列在顶级博物馆中。be worthy后可接两种结构：“worthy of + 名词/动名词”或“worthy + to be done”，即本题可填of being displayed或to be displayed。故填of being displayed/to be displayed。 6．After the (arrange) was made, everyone felt relaxed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】arrangement 【详解】句意：安排敲定之后，所有人都感到放松。定冠词the后接名词，动词arrange的名词形式是 arrangement；空后be动词为was，用单数形式作主语。 7．Long-term (expose) to strong sunlight without protection may cause serious damage to your skin and even increase the risk of illness. 【答案】exposure 【详解】句意：长期暴露在强烈阳光下而不采取防护措施，可能会对你的皮肤造成严重损害，甚至会增加患病的风险。作主语，用名词exposure。 ８．In spite of many invitations, he would always decline (join) the get-togethers on account of his health condition. 【答案】to join 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管有很多邀请，但他总是因为自己的健康状况而拒绝参加这些聚会。短语decline to do sth.表示“拒绝做某事”，应填不定式。故填to join。 ９．When we arrived there , we found that the road (wind) its way into the hill. 【答案】wound 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我们抵达那里时，发现道路蜿蜒通向山丘深处。空处作宾语从句的谓语，根据“found”可知，从句在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，因此用wind“蜿蜒，曲折前进”的过去式。故填wound。 10．My husband will never eat (freeze) peas. 【答案】frozen 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我丈夫永远不会吃冷冻豌豆。freeze的形容词形式frozen意为“冷冻的”，在句中作定语修饰peas，表明豌豆的状态。故填frozen。 11．If the meaning is your grasp, you can ask the teacher for help. 【答案】beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你理解不了意思，你可以向老师寻求帮助。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语beyond one's grasp表示“难以理解”符合句意。故填beyond。 12．They set out (explore) the jungle, where they will recognize the worth of the mysterious natural world. 【答案】to explore 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们出发去探索丛林，在那里他们将认识到神秘的自然世界的价值。“set out to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“出发去做某事，着手做某事”，空处应用动词不定式形式to explore。故填to explore。 13．Although volunteering takes time and effort, helping others is a deeply (reward) experience. 【答案】rewarding 【详解】句意：虽然志愿活动耗费时间与精力，但帮助他人是一段十分有益的经历。修饰名词experience，用形容词rewarding“有意义的；值得做的”。 14．They claim (have) a 40% worldwide market share. 【答案】to have 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们声称拥有40%的全球市场份额。claim to do“声称做某事”是固定搭配。故填to have。 15．Her unique accent distinguishes her other students, and you can easily tell her from the crowd by it. 【答案】from 【详解】句意：她独特的口音让她有别于其他学生，你可以凭借它轻易从人群中认出她。distinguish A from B是固定搭配，表示“使A有别于B”。 16．The sun shone through the leaves, casting shadows the grass. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。 句意：阳光透过树叶照射下来，在草地上投下阴影。 cast shadows on...是固定短语，意为“在……上投下阴影”，其中on表示“在……的表面”，这里指阳光在草地的表面投下阴影，符合语境。故填on。 17．Anyone would be cast by such news as that. 【答案】down 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：任何人听到那样的消息都会感到沮丧的。be cast down是固定短语，意为“沮丧”，故填down。 18．You owe it to yourself (pursue) your passions. 【答案】to pursue 【详解】考查不定式。句意：你应该去追求你自己的热爱。此处意为“认为自己有必要/应该做某事”，表达为owe it to oneself to do sth.，故此处应用不定式to do作真正的宾语。故填to pursue。 19．The boss didn’t blame his assistant the mistake, which was beyond expectations. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：老板没有因为这个错误责备他的助手，这是出乎意料的。blame sb. for sth.“因某事而责备某人”是固定搭配。故填for。 二、完成句子 1．I suddenly realized that I might have misunderstood him.(同义句转换:strike) →________I might have misunderstood him. 【答案】It struck me that 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：我突然意识到我可能误解了他。It strikes /struck me that…某人突然想起……，句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句，根据从句时态可知，应用一般过去时。故填It struck me that。 2．刚开始他反对我们的建议，但是我们最终使他改变了观点。 At first he ________________, but we managed to bring him round finally. (opposed) 【答案】was opposed to our suggestion 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。根据句意和提示词opposed可知，表示“反对”应为be opposed to，根据并列句的谓语动词managed可知，此处应为一般过去时，主语为he，所以be动词应为was，表示“我们的建议”应为our suggestion作宾语。故填was opposed to our suggestion。 3．我们应该鼓励学生表达自己的想法，而不是只听老师讲解。(as opposed to) We should encourage students to express their own ideas, _________________ 【答案】as opposed to just listening to the teachers. 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。as opposed to后接动词需要变成动名词的形式；老师在这里为泛指，故用复数形式；听老师讲解为短语“listen to the teachers”。故填as opposed to just listening to the teachers.。 4．As they all know, this suggestion is worthy to be considered. (句型转换) ①As they all know, this suggestion is ______________________________. ②As they all know, this suggestion is________________________________. 【答案】 worthy of being considered worthy of consideration 【详解】考查固定搭配和名词。句意：大家都知道，这个建议值得考虑。表示“值得做某事”为be worthy of sth或者be worthy of doing sth；空格处需要填入的是“值得考虑”，建议与考虑之间为被动关系，所以需要使用动名词的被动语态，所以第一空为worthy of being considered。“考虑”的名词为consideration，为不可数名词，所以第二空为worthy of consideration。故答案①worthy of being considered；②worthy of consideration。6．Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. ①________________, young people may risk going deaf.(过去分词短语作状语) ②________________, young people may risk going deaf.(现在分词短语作状语) 【答案】 Exposed to very loud music every day Exposing themselves to very loud music every day 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果年轻人每天都暴露在嘈杂的音乐中，他们可能会有失聪的风险。根据题干要求，第一空使用过去分词短语作状语，使用短语be exposed to，去掉be动词，过去分词形式作状语即可，exposed置于句首，首字母大写，即Exposed to very loud music every day；第二空使用现在分词短语作状语，使用短语expose oneself to，使用themselves表示“他们自己”，expose与逻辑主语young people之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式作状语，exposing置于句首，首字母大写，即Exposing themselves to very loud music every day。故填①Exposed to very loud music every day，②Exposing themselves to very loud music every day。 7．（普通表达）The number of people who run the red light has declined since the new traffic regulations came into effect. （高级表达）The number of people who run the red light has ___________ since the new traffic regulations came into effect. 【答案】been on the decline 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：自从新交通法规生效以来，闯红灯的人数有所下降。decline意为“下降”，其对应的高级表达为“be on the decline”，意为“在下降”；在助动词has后填入过去分词构成现在完成时，符合语境。故填been on the decline。 8．He claimed that he had seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. (同义句转换) →He ________ a round black creature moving quickly through the water the other day. 【答案】claimed to have seen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他声称他看到一个圆形的黑色生物在水中快速移动。原句中claim后的that从句可以改写为不定式作宾语，claim to do something“声称做某事”；因为句中see的动作发生在谓语动词claim之前，此处应该用不定式的完成时claim to have seen；动词claim和原句一致用一般过去时。故填claimed to have seen。 9．All the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten. We owe it to you. (句型转换) → We owe _______________ all the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten. 【答案】it to you that 【详解】考查it作形式宾语和that从句作真正的宾语。句意：我们应该感谢这个幼儿园里所有的孩子都受到很好的照顾。由句意原句中的it指代All the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten.的内容，所以将两句进行合并后应用it作形式宾语，that all the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten.从句作真正的宾语，故答案为it to you that。 ( 重难突破练 （测试时间： 20 分钟） ) 一、阅读理解 The LensCulture Critics’ Choice 2026 Awards is an internationally recognized photography (摄影) competition. It is designed to discover excellent photographic talent all over the world. Hosted by LensCulture, the award invites photographers of all levels to enter their works. What sets this competition apart is its unique way of judging. A group of photography experts individually chooses photographers whose work meets their standards. Each of these experts is a famous figure in the photography industry, including museum managers, gallery directors, photo editors, and festival organizers. Rather than a single collective decision, each expert independently chooses photographers, greatly increasing competitors’ chances of being recognized.Entry fee Free for one single image; additional images typically cost about $ 10 each, $ 35 for 5 images, or $ 45 for a set of images (extra $ 25 review).Prize Up to 60 photographers are chosen as Critics’ Choice winners, showing their works on LensCulture and getting professional recognition. From these, a Top 10 is chosen (if chosen by several judges), who receive a $ 1,000 cash prize each and their works are shown in a major international show in London, together with other benefits, such as online shows, press reports, and connections with industry professionals. 1．What is special about the competition? A．Winners are chosen as levels. B．Judges make their own choices. C．Organizers decide the final winners. D．Photographers are from different fields. 2．How much may a photographer pay for a set of images? A．$ 70. B．$ 60. C．$ 35. D．$ 25. 3．Which is included in top winners’ benefits? A．Medal prizes. B．Training funds. C．Media reports. D．Online instructions. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了LensCulture 2026年评论家选择奖摄影比赛的参赛方式、费用及奖励。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“What sets this competition apart is its unique way of judging. A group of photography experts individually chooses photographers whose work meets their standards.(这场比赛的独特之处在于其独特的评判方式。一组摄影专家各自独立选择符合他们标准的摄影师。)”可知，比赛的特别之处在于评委各自独立做出选择。 2．细节理解题。根据Entry fee中“$ 45 for a set of images (extra $ 25 review)(一组图片45美元，另加25美元评审费。)”可知，一组图片需付45+25=70美元。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“From these, a Top 10 is chosen (if chosen by several judges), who receive a $ 1,000 cash prize each and their works are shown in a major international show in London,together with other benefits, such as online shows, press reports, and connections with industry professionals(从中选出前10名（如被多位评委选中），每人将获得1,000美元现金奖励，其作品将在伦敦的一场大型国际展览中展出，同时还享有其他福利，如线上展览、媒体报道以及与行业专业人士的对接机会。)”可知，前十名获奖者的福利包括媒体报道。 二、完形填空 J. R. R. Tolkien, one of the most famous names in English literature, did something special for his four children: For over twenty years, he kept the 1 of Christmas alive for them through letters. Every December, a (n) 2 with a North Pole stamp would arrive. It was 3 to Tolkien’s children. Inside, it was a handwritten letter from Father Christmas. 4 illustrated, each of the letters was of course 5 by Tolkien himself. The letters 6 wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and adventures at the North Pole. Father Christmas often mentioned his 7 helper, Polar Bear, who once fell through the roof after climbing the North Pole! Sometimes, he even 8 that his helpers played too much with the toys instead of wrapping them 9 . As the children grew older, the letters 10 . One year, Father Christmas gently 11 that because many people in the world were poor and hungry, there might be fewer 12 . Tolkien was not just creating fun stories— he was also teaching kindness and 13 for others. By expressing love for his children in such a (n) 14 way, J. R. R. Tolkien became 15 a writer; he became the real Father Christmas in his children’s hearts. 1．A．energy B．magic C．luck D．effort 2．A．book B．greeting C．gift D．envelope 3．A．addressed B．returned C．awarded D．reported 4．A．Horribly B．Beautifully C．Originally D．Extremely 5．A．selected B．adapted C．printed D．composed 6．A．told B．read C．made D．used 7．A．curious B．naughty C．stupid D．simple 8．A．complained B．expected C．admitted D．questioned 9．A．away B．on C．up D．out 10．A．changed B．stopped C．reduced D．missed 11．A．argued B．cheated C．explained D．proved 12．A．helpers B．cards C．letters D．presents 13．A．duty B．wish C．care D．grief 14．A．cheap B．easy C．funny D．special 15．A．in fact B．more than C．as well D．less than 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了英国文学名家J. R. R. 托尔金为他的四个孩子做的一件特别之事。二十多年来，他通过以圣诞老人名义写的信，让圣诞节的魔力在孩子们心中延续。信中讲述圣诞老人在北极的生活和冒险故事，随着孩子长大，信的内容也有变化，托尔金借此教导孩子们善良和关爱他人，他在孩子们心中不仅是作家，更成为真正的圣诞老人。 【详解】1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：二十多年来，他通过信件让圣诞节的魔力在孩子们心中延续。A. energy能量；B. magic魔力；C. luck运气；D. effort努力。根据后文“Christmas alive for them through letters”可知，圣诞节对于孩子来说充满奇幻色彩，信件延续的是圣诞节那种如同有魔力般的氛围，故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年12月，一个贴着北极邮票的信封就会到来。A. book书；B. greeting问候；C. gift礼物；D. envelope信封。根据后文“Inside, it was a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.”可知，信装在信封里，故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这封信是写给托尔金的孩子们的。A. addressed写（收信人）姓名地址；B. returned返回；C. awarded授予；D. reported报道。根据后文“to Tolkien’s children”以及常识可知，信件是邮寄的，故选A。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：每一封信都有精美的插图，当然都是托尔金亲自撰写的。A. Horribly可怕地；B. Beautifully精美地；C. Originally最初；D. Extremely极其。根据后文“each of the letters was of course ____ by Tolkien himself.”可知，信是托尔金亲自撰写的，所以这里插图应是精美的境，故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一封信都有精美的插图，当然都是托尔金亲自撰写的。A. selected选择；B. adapted改编；C. printed印刷；D. composed创作，撰写。根据后文“by Tolkien himself.”可知，信是托尔金亲自写的，故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些信讲述了圣诞老人在北极的生活和冒险的精彩故事。A. told讲述；B. read读；C. made制作；D. used使用。根据后文“wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and adventures at the North Pole.”可知，这里指信里讲述故事，故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣诞老人经常提到他调皮的助手北极熊，它有一次爬上北极后从屋顶掉了下来！A. curious好奇的；B. naughty调皮的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. simple简单的。根据后文“Polar Bear, who once fell through the roof after climbing the North Pole!”可知，北极熊是调皮的，故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，他甚至抱怨他的助手们玩玩具玩得太多，而没有把它们包装起来。A. complained抱怨；B. expected期待；C. admitted承认；D. questioned质疑。根据后文“his helpers played too much with the toys instead of wrapping them”可知，助手玩玩具不包装，圣诞老人应是抱怨，故选A。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时，他甚至抱怨他的助手们玩玩具玩得太多，而没有把它们包装起来。A. away离开；B. on在……上； C. up朝上；起来；D. out在外。根据前文“played too much”可知，助手玩玩具玩得太多，没有把包装包起来，故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着孩子们长大，这些信也发生了变化。A. changed变化；B. stopped停止；C. reduced减少；D. missed错过。根据前文“As the children grew older”可知，信也发生了变化。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一年，圣诞老人温和地解释说，因为世界上有很多人贫穷饥饿，所以礼物可能会变少。A. argued争论；B. cheated欺骗；C. explained解释；D. proved证明。根据后文“because many people in the world were poor and hungry, there might be fewer”可知，这里是圣诞老人对礼物可能变少的原因进行解释，故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一年，圣诞老人温和地解释说，因为世界上有很多人贫穷饥饿，所以礼物可能会变少。A. helpers助手；B. cards卡片；C. letters信；D. presents礼物。根据前文“people in the world were poor and hungry”以及常识可知，这里说的是礼物可能变少，故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：托尔金不仅仅是在创作有趣的故事——他还在教导孩子们善良和对他人的关爱。A. duty责任；B. wish愿望；C. care关爱；D. grief悲伤。根据前文“people in the world were poor and hungry”可知，托尔金教导孩子关爱他人，故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过以这样一种特别的方式表达对孩子的爱，J. R. R. 托尔金不仅仅成为了一名作家；他在孩子们心中成为了真正的圣诞老人。A. cheap便宜的；B. easy容易的；C. funny有趣的；D. special特别的。根据前文“did something special for his four children”可知，通过写信营造圣诞老人的氛围这种方式很特别，故选D。 15．考查短语辨析。句意：通过以这样一种特别的方式表达对孩子的爱，J. R. R. 托尔金不仅仅成为了一名作家；他在孩子们心中成为了真正的圣诞老人。A. in fact事实上；B. more than不仅仅；C. as well也；D. less than少于。根据后文“he became the real Father Christmas in his children’s hearts.”可知，他不仅是作家，在孩子心中更像圣诞老人，故选B。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 With silver hair, 80-year-old Cai Gao, China’s first illustrator to win the Hans Christian Andersen Award, the highest international 1 (recognize) given to an author and an illustrator of children’s books, has wild imagination that refuses 2 (age). This imagination comes from observing life itself. Over the past 50 years, be it nature’s wind and stars, traditional heroes, Chinese folklore, or even war, Cai 3 (frame) them all into stories a child can grasp. It is this wide range of subjects and her diverse forms of expression 4 gave Cai a nickname among readers: “Treasure Nanny.” 5 (open) Cai’s treasure chest reveals her early work The Fox Spirit in the Abandoned Garden, an extraordinary work and the one that made her 6 household name. The book tells the story of a child who outwits (智取) a fox to save his mother, the true intention of which goes 7 the visual as Cai hopes it can teach children that fearlessness and love always overcome hardship. Cai’s artistic practice is highly diverse and integrative, deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture, blending ink-wash aesthetics with vivid folk art, 8 centered on a warm, healing childlike perspective-reinterpreting folklore, classical literature, and everyday life. The Andersen Award jury 9 (particular) praised her ability to “make cultural heritage dance with contemporary childhood sensibilities”. Yet, Cai herself said that these honors have never belonged to her alone. “When I learned that I had won the 2026 award, the first image that came to my mind was a group of creators of my generation. This award is not 10 (my) but ours,” she said. 【答案】1．recognition 2．to age 3．has framed 4．that 5．Opening 6．a 7．beyond 8．and 9．particularly 10．Mine 【语篇导读】本文介绍中国首位国际安徒生奖插画家蔡皋，她年过八旬依旧想象力丰富，作品题材广泛、风格融合传统国画与民间艺术，兼具温度与文化内涵。 【详解】 1．考查名词。句意：满头银发的八旬老人蔡皋，是中国首位斩获国际安徒生奖的插画家，该奖项是国际授予儿童文学作家与插画家的最高荣誉，她拥有永不褪色的丰富想象力。形容词international后接名词，recognize的名词形式为recognition，意为“认可、荣誉”，作同位语。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。固定搭配refuse to do sth. 表示“拒绝做某事”，故填to age。 3．考查时态。句意：在过去的五十年里，无论是自然风物、传统英雄、中国民间故事，还是战争题材，蔡皋都将它们改编成孩子能够理解的故事。时间状语Over the past 50 years为现在完成时的标志，主语Cai为单数，故填has framed。 4．考查强调句型。句意：正是涉猎广泛的题材和多样的表现形式，让读者送给她“宝藏奶奶”的昵称。本句为强调句型it is...that...，故填that。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：翻开蔡皋的作品宝库，便能看到她的早期作品《荒园狐精》，这是一部佳作，也让她成为了家喻户晓的人物。此处作句子主语，需用动名词形式，表示抽象动作，句首单词首字母大写。 6．考查冠词。句意同上。household name为可数名词单数，表泛指，household以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 7．考查介词。句意：这本书讲述了一个孩子智取狐狸拯救母亲的故事，其真正内涵不止于画面本身。固定搭配go beyond表示“超出、超越”，符合句意。 8．考查连词。句意：蔡氏的艺术实践高度多样化且具综合性，深深植根于中国传统文化，将水墨美学与生动的民间艺术相融合，同时以温暖治愈的童真视角为核心 —— 重新诠释民间传说、古典文学和日常生活。表示“与此同时”，用连词while，连接两个并列的动作或状态。 9．考查副词。句意：安徒生奖评委会格外赞赏她的能力，称她“让文化遗产与当代孩童的情感共鸣相融共生”。此处修饰动词praised，需用副词，particular的副词形式为particularly。 10．考查名词性物主代词。句意：这份荣誉不属于我个人，而是属于我们所有人。空后无名词，此处用名词性物主代词mine作表语，等同于my award。 Passage 2 In Who Can Live Without Patches, famous Chinese writer Liang Heng offers deep thoughts on life’s imperfection. He takes mending worn cloth as a metaphor, exploring how people heal emotional wounds from regret, separation, 1 (lose) and broken dreams, and how new meaning grows from hard life experiences. The book includes warm stories. A rural teacher taught generations of students at home, 2 (make) up for poor local education. Another tale tells of a man’s deep memories of his mother from a temple stone, showing 3 mix of love and regret in family relations. All stories show man’s efforts 4 (repair) life’s pains. 5 (know) for warm feelings and wide popularity, the book talks about mixed love, sadness of sorrow and small happy moments, such as sunshine after rain and kind talks. Its sincere words 6 (touch) the hearts of readers from different backgrounds. In a time when social media is full of 7 (true) perfect lives avoiding hardships, the book is quite meaningful. It tells a truth: true beauty 8 (lie) not in complete perfection, but in healed wounds and valuable progress. Short and thoughtful, it comforts people in trouble and guides them 9 (calm) to face life’s ups and downs. It 10 (consider) a good book for those wishing to understand life. 【答案】1．loss 2．making 3．a 4．to repair 5．Known 6．touch 7．truly 8．lies 9．calmly 10．is considered 【语篇导读】文章主要讲述了梁衡所著《人生谁能无补丁》一书对人生不完美的深刻思考及其意义。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：他以修补破旧布料为隐喻，探索人们如何治愈因遗憾、分离、失去和破碎的梦想而产生的情感创伤，以及如何从艰难的生活经历中孕育出新的意义。本空作from的宾语，用名词形式loss，与separation和broken dreams并列。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位乡村教师在家里教了几代学生，弥补了当地教育的不足。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词taught，空处需用非谓语动词；逻辑主语A rural teacher与make之间为主动关系，用现在分词making作状语。 3．考查冠词。句意：另一个故事讲述了一个男人从寺庙的石头上回忆起对母亲的深深记忆，展现了家庭关系中爱与遗憾的交织。此处表示泛指“一种爱与遗憾的交织”，空处需用不定冠词a/an，mix是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的故事都展示了人类努力修复生活痛苦的努力。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词show，空处需用非谓语动词；efforts to do sth.“做某事的努力”，本空用不定式to repair，作定语。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书以温暖的情感和广泛的受欢迎程度而闻名，它讲述了混合的爱、悲伤的悲伤和小的幸福时刻，如雨后的阳光和亲切的交谈。本句已有谓语动词talks，空处需用非谓语动词；逻辑主语the book与know之间为被动关系，用过去分词known，作状语，句首首字母需大写。 6．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它真诚的话语触动了来自不同背景的读者的心。此处描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数Its sincere words，谓语用原形touch。 7．考查副词。句意：当下社交媒体上充斥着刻意回避坎坷、看似十全十美的人生范本，这本书便更具深意。空处修饰形容词perfect，需用副词truly“真正地”，作状语。 8．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它讲述了一个真理：真正的美不在于完全的完美，而在于治愈的伤口和有价值的进步。此处描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数true beauty，谓语用第三人称单数形式lies。 9．考查副词。句意：它简短而富有思想性，安慰困境中的人们，引导他们平静地面对生活的起起落落。空处修饰动词face，需用副词calmly，表示“平静地”作状语。 10．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它被认为是一本适合那些希望了解生活的人的好书。此处描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主语It，与动词consider之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用is considered。 ( 综合拓展练 （测试时间： 10 分钟） ) Passage 1 (2024·全国高考甲卷·A) Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community’s artistic creativity.We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST.We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in Watercolor Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab.Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880—1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature’s most delicate and beautiful designs.Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel Throwing Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter’s wheel.Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织). 21.What do we know about ARTS FIRST? A.It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B.It offers art courses for all ages. C.It presents recreational activities. D.It is a major tourist attraction. 22.Which program will you join if you’re interested in drawing pictures? A.Light Awash in Watercolor. B.Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity. C.Wheel Throwing. D.Knitting and Pom-Pom Making. 23.What can you do together with Javier Marin? A.Practice a traditional dance. B.Make handcrafts. C.Visit a local museum. D.Feed invertebrates. 【答案】21-23.CAB 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了集表演、艺术展览、艺术创作等活动为一体的艺术节,引导学生走进画廊和博物馆,培养审美情趣,提高艺术品位。 21.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.”可知,ARTS FIRST艺术节展示了哈佛艺术社区的创造力,通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动等多种形式呈现。因此,它是一个展示娱乐活动的艺术节。故选C。 22.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Light Awash in Watercolor部分中的“Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists”可知,Light Awash in Watercolor这个活动涉及绘画技巧的实践和体验。如果你对绘画感兴趣,可以选择这个活动。故选A。 23.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials.”可知,Javier Marin的活动包括用手工艺材料制作无脊椎动物。因此,你可以和Javier Marin一起制作手工艺品。故选B。 Passage 2 (2024·全国高考甲卷·D) “I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof.Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again.From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction.Choosing what to read became easier. But writing the end—that’s hard.It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be—that’s up to you and the story you’re telling—but it might provide what you need to get there. 32.Why did the author go to Prof.Gracie? A.To discuss a novel. B.To submit a book report. C.To argue for a writer. D.To ask for a reading list. 33.What did the author realize after seeing Prof. Gracie? A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences. B.Readers are often carried away by characters. C.Each type of literature has its unique ending. D.A story which begins well will end well. 34.What is expected of a good ending? A.It satisfies readers’ taste. B.It fits with the story development. C.It is usually positive. D.It is open for imagination. 35.Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims? A.To give examples of great novelists. B.To stress the theme of this issue. C.To encourage writing for the magazine. D.To recommend their new books. 【答案】32-35 ACBB 【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章谈到如何写故事结尾,围绕文学作品结尾的创作进行探讨,为学生平时欣赏文学作品和开展写作练习提供了有益建议。 32.【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,作者在大学三年级时正在进行一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究,并刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》。他去找教授讨论小说的结局。故选A。 33.【解析】选 C 。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,作者在教授的启发下意识到,不同类型的文学作品有其特有的结局。如果想要一个保证是幸福的结局,就读爱情小说;如果想要一个猜不出的结局,就读悬疑小说。每种类型的文学作品都有其独特的结局。故选C。 34.【解析】选 B。 细节理解题。根据第三段“You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.”可知,你必须平衡创造一个不可预测,但似乎又不是凭空而来的结局,要适合角色的结局。因此人们对一个好结局的期望是符合故事的发展。故选B。 35.【解析】选B。 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,作者提到Peter Mountford和Elizabeth Sims是为了说明本期Writer’s Digest杂志的主题,即帮助读者了解如何写出一个好的结尾。故选B。 ( 32 / 32 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $