1.3 A Small Change Can Solve the Problems of Many （Grammar in Use）-《英语 拓展模块》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合山西职教高考命题特色的【山西专用】《英语 拓展模块》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 拓展模块》（外研版第二版）Unit 1 Unit 1 A Small Change Can Solve the Problems of Many（Grammar in Use）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 拓展模块》（外研版第二版） Unit 1 A Small Change Can Solve the Problems of Many 一课一练（3）Grammar in Use 【课前预习】 1、 课前预习 宾语从句 一、定义 宾语从句就是在句子中充当宾语的从句。 它本身是一个完整的句子，跟在动词（如think、hear、believe、say等）或介词后面，用来表达一个完整的想法、事实或问题。 例：I think (that) the card could be made like a bracelet. （主句：I think；宾语从句：the card could be made like a bracelet，作think的宾语） 二、核心结构 宾语从句的基础结构为： 主句 + 连接词 + 宾语从句（陈述句语序） 1. 主句：包含主语+谓语（动词/介词），如 `I believe...` / `She asked me...` 2. 连接词：用来引导宾语从句的词，如that, what, where, if等 3. 宾语从句：必须用陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后），不能用疑问句语序 三、规则讲解 规则1：连接词的用法 陈述句引导词that：引导陈述事实的从句，口语或非正式表达中可省略。 疑问词引导词what/who/where/when/how/why：引导特殊疑问句，在从句中充当主语、宾语或状语等成分。 一般疑问引导词if/whether：引导一般疑问句，表示“是否”，不可省略。 规则2：语序必须为陈述句语序 宾语从句中，无论原句是哪种疑问句，都要改成“主语在前、谓语在后”的陈述句语序，不能保留疑问句的倒装语序。 错误：Could you tell me how did you seal the envelope? 正确：Could you tell me how you sealed the envelope? 规则3：时态要和主句呼应 宾语从句的时态受主句谓语动词时态的制约，常见规则如下： 1. 主句为现在/将来时态时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态： 例：I believe we are all creative by nature.（主句一般现在时，从句一般现在时） 2. 主句为过去时态时，从句需改为对应的过去时态（客观真理除外）： 例：I heard you’d joined a new club.（主句一般过去时，从句过去完成时） 例：Tracy said the sun rises in the east.（从句为客观真理时，时态不受主句影响） 四、课文原文示例 1. I think the card could be made like a bracelet. （连接词that省略，从句为陈述句语序，主句一般现在时，从句含情态动词过去式could） 2. I heard you’d joined a new club. （连接词that省略，从句为过去完成时，呼应主句过去时heard） 3. I believe we are all creative by nature. （连接词that省略，从句为客观事实，主句一般现在时，从句用一般现在时） 4. She gave us a description of what had happened. （what引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，what在从句中作主语） 5. He said (that) he needed a calculator. （that引导宾语从句，主句过去时said，从句改为过去时needed） 6. Could you tell me how you sealed the envelope? （how引导宾语从句，从句为陈述句语序，how在从句中作方式状语） 【课堂检测】 1、 单项选择。从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．She thinks ________ we should take a break after working for hours. A．that B．if C．when D．where 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：她认为在工作数小时后我们应该休息一下。分析句子结构可知，“we should take a break after working for hours”部分为宾语从句，作thinks的宾语，结合语境，从句句意完整、成分齐全，需用that引导宾语从句，that无实际意义，只起连接作用。故选A。 2．Excuse me, can you tell me ________? A．how can I get to the airport B．which is the way to the airport C．which the way is to the airport D．when can I get to the airport 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：打扰一下，你能告诉我去机场的路怎么走吗？分析句子可知，空格处应该宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”；C选项“which the way is to the airport”语序错误，此处的“which”是作主语，其正确语序是“which is the way to the airport”。故选B。 3．—Did you ask the guard ________ happened? —Yes, he told me all ________ he knew. A．what; that B．what; what C．which; which D．that; that 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：—你问警卫发生什么事了吗？—是的，他把他知道的都告诉我了。第一空引导的从句在句中作动词“ask”的直接宾语，为宾语从句，且设空处在从句中要作主语，因此应使用关系词what；第二空引导的从句是定语从句，先行词是不定代词“all”，在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词只能用that。故选A。 4．I can’t explain ________ he behaves like that. A．why B．who C．that D．which 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我无法解释他为什么表现那个样子。分析句子可知，“... he behaves like that”作“explain”的宾语；根据语境，应是无法解释他为什么表现那个样子，所以此处由连接副词why引导宾语从句。故选A。 5．Maria asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. A．that B．whether C．when D．where 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句关系词。句意：玛丽亚问我是否把书还给了图书馆，我承认没有。A. that那个（引导从句时无意义）；B. whether是否；C. when当……时；D. where在……的地方。分析句子结构可知，“I had returned the books to the library”是动词“asked”的直接宾语从句，表示问的是“是否把书还给了图书馆”。故选B。 6．I don’t know ________ the meeting will begin? A．when B．that C．which D．who 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道会议什么时候开始。分析句子可知，“... the meeting will begin”是宾语从句，根据句意可知，我不知道会议什么时候开始，应使用when来引导该宾语从句。故选A。 7．—What did Sandy say? —She said they ________ a school trip the next weekend. A．had B．have C．will have D．would have 【答案】D 【解析】考查宾语从句及从句的时态。句意：—桑迪说了什么?—她说下周末他们将有一次学校旅行。分析第二个句子结构可知，“they ... a school trip the next weekend”是宾语从句，根据从句的时态与主句一致的原则，主句中谓语动词“said”是过去式，从句需用过去相关的时态。同时，根据“next weekend”可知，从句中也含有表示将来的时间，故空格中应用过去将来时，也就是“would +动词原形”的结构。故选D。 8．I don’t know where ________ going. A．is she B．she is C．she will D．will she 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句的语序。句意：我不知道她要去哪儿。分析句子可知，此句含有宾语从句，宾语从句应是陈述句语序。根据横线后的“going”可知，应是be going表示将要去，所以应是she is。故选B。 9．I don’t suppose he cares, ________? A．does he B．doesn’t he C．do I D．don’t I 【答案】A 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：我想他并不在意，是吗？分析句子结构可知，这是反意疑问句，“I don’t suppose”是主句，为否定句，反意疑问句应用肯定形式；“he cares”是宾语从句，反意疑问句的人称与助动词要和从句当中的一致，从句中主语是he，cares是动词的三单形式，所以助动词用does。故选A。 10．All the students went to see ________ with her. A．what the matter was B．what was the matter C．what wrong was D．what was the wrong 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：所有的学生都去看她怎么了。“what is/ was the matter”及“what is/ was wrong”是固定句型，表示“怎么了”，其中what是主语，此语序本身就是陈述句语序，在宾语从句中语序不变，仍用“what is/ was the matter”及“what is/ was wrong”，“what was the matter”为正确表达。故选B。 11．Father asked________ Mike heard________he said. A．if; what B．whether; that C．that; what D．that; weather 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：爸爸询问迈克是否听到了他说的话。 第一空：ask后接宾语从句，表达“是否”的含义，可用if或whether；第二空：heard后接的宾语从句中，从句中缺said的宾语，需用what，表示“……的内容”，因此，选项A符合语境。故选A。 12．We know _______ the Silk Road connected China and Europe in ancient times.​ A．that B．if C．what D．who 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句引导词辨析。句意：我们知道丝绸之路在古代连接了中国和欧洲。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句“the Silk Road connected China and Europe in ancient times” 结构和语义都完整，因此用that引导。故选A。 13．— Lucy, I hear the new TV tower is fantastic. Could you tell me ________? — Sure! Take No. 8 bus. It’s not far. A．how far it is B．where is it C．how I can get there D．which bus should I take 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：——露西，我听说新电视塔棒极了。你能告诉我我怎么去那儿吗？——当然！乘8路公共汽车。离这儿不远。分析句子结构及选项可知，空处为宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序（连接词+主语+谓语），再根据答语“Take No. 8 bus.”可知，问的是交通方式，C选项符合语境。故选C。 14．The manager is considering ________ the price of our products will affect the sales volume in the overseas market. A．that B．which C．whether D．what 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：经理正在考虑我们产品的价格是否会影响到海外市场的销售量。分析句子可知，“... the price of our products will affect the sales volume in the overseas market”是宾语从句，从句成份完整，表不确定情况，应用whether引导从句，表“是否”。故选C。 15．— Could you tell me ________?​ — In three days.​ A．when will they come back​ B．when they will come back​ C．when did they come back​ D．when they came back​​ 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——你能告诉我他们何时会回来？——三天后。分析句子可知，横线上是宾语从句，从句应是陈述句语序；根据“In three days”可知，时态为将来时。故选B。 16．She asked him________. A．whose dictionary is this B．whose dictionary that was C．whose dictionary this is D．whose dictionary was that 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：她问他那是谁的词典。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句，宾语从句应使用陈述句语序（连接词+主语+谓语）；根据“said”可知，主句使用一般过去式，从句也要用过去的某种时态（除客观事实外）。故选B。 17．________ surprised me most was that he didn’t even know ________ the difference between the two lies. A．That; what B．What; what C．That; where D．What; where 【答案】D 【解析】句意：最让我惊讶的是，他甚至不知道这两者之间的区别在哪里。 第一个空引导主语从句（... surprised me most），从句中缺少主语，指代事物，需用what；第二个空引导宾语从句（... the difference lies），从句中缺少地点状语，表示“区别所在之处”，需用where。 18．Please tell me ________. A．what does mean the sentence B．what this sentence means C．what means this sentence D．what does this sentence mean 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：请告诉我这句话的意思。分析句子并结合选项可知，空格处是宾语从句，在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序，即“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”的结构。故选B。 19．He told us that he ________ the well-known ancient town the next day. A．will visit B．had visited C．would visit D．has visited 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他告诉我们他第二天要去参观那个著名的古镇。that引导的是宾语从句，主句told是一般过去时，从句时间状语the next day表将来，即过去的将来，因此应用过去将来时would visit。 20．We should put ________ into practice. A．what we have learned B．what have we learned C．that we have learned D．that have we learned 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应该把我们所学到的东西付诸实践。 “put sth. into practice 为固定搭配，意为‘将……付诸实践’。”根据句意可知，put后面接宾语从句，从句中learned缺少宾语，应用what引导，且宾语从句需用陈述语序，what we have learned符合要求。 2、 句型转换（每空一词）。 1. He says, “I like music.” He says that he ________ music. 【答案】likes 2. She asked me, “Do you like art?” She asked me ________ I liked art. 【答案】if /whether 3. “Where is your classroom?” he asked. He asked where my classroom ________. 【答案】was 4. My teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.” My teacher said that the sun ________ in the east. 【答案】rises 5. He told me, “I will learn to dance.” He told me that he ________ learn to dance. 【答案】would 6. “What are you doing?” Mom asked me. Mom asked me what I ________ doing. 【答案】was 7. I know. He likes sports I know ________ he likes sports. 【答案】that 8. She wondered, “Can you help me?” She wondered ________ I could help her. 【答案】if /whether 9. “When did you come here?” he asked. He asked when I ________ here. 【答案】came 10. They say, “We enjoy our school life.” They say that ________ enjoy their school life. 【答案】they 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合山西职教高考命题特色的【山西专用】《英语 拓展模块》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共40练。 本卷为《英语 拓展模块》（外研版第二版）Unit 1 Unit 1 A Small Change Can Solve the Problems of Many（Grammar in Use）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 拓展模块》（外研版第二版） Unit 1 A Small Change Can Solve the Problems of Many 一课一练（3）Grammar in Use 【课前预习】 1、 课前预习 宾语从句 一、定义 宾语从句就是在句子中充当宾语的从句。 它本身是一个完整的句子，跟在动词（如think、hear、believe、say等）或介词后面，用来表达一个完整的想法、事实或问题。 例：I think (that) the card could be made like a bracelet. （主句：I think；宾语从句：the card could be made like a bracelet，作think的宾语） 二、核心结构 宾语从句的基础结构为： 主句 + 连接词 + 宾语从句（陈述句语序） 1. 主句：包含主语+谓语（动词/介词），如 `I believe...` / `She asked me...` 2. 连接词：用来引导宾语从句的词，如that, what, where, if等 3. 宾语从句：必须用陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后），不能用疑问句语序 三、规则讲解 规则1：连接词的用法 陈述句引导词that：引导陈述事实的从句，口语或非正式表达中可省略。 疑问词引导词what/who/where/when/how/why：引导特殊疑问句，在从句中充当主语、宾语或状语等成分。 一般疑问引导词if/whether：引导一般疑问句，表示“是否”，不可省略。 规则2：语序必须为陈述句语序 宾语从句中，无论原句是哪种疑问句，都要改成“主语在前、谓语在后”的陈述句语序，不能保留疑问句的倒装语序。 错误：Could you tell me how did you seal the envelope? 正确：Could you tell me how you sealed the envelope? 规则3：时态要和主句呼应 宾语从句的时态受主句谓语动词时态的制约，常见规则如下： 1. 主句为现在/将来时态时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态： 例：I believe we are all creative by nature.（主句一般现在时，从句一般现在时） 2. 主句为过去时态时，从句需改为对应的过去时态（客观真理除外）： 例：I heard you’d joined a new club.（主句一般过去时，从句过去完成时） 例：Tracy said the sun rises in the east.（从句为客观真理时，时态不受主句影响） 四、课文原文示例 1. I think the card could be made like a bracelet. （连接词that省略，从句为陈述句语序，主句一般现在时，从句含情态动词过去式could） 2. I heard you’d joined a new club. （连接词that省略，从句为过去完成时，呼应主句过去时heard） 3. I believe we are all creative by nature. （连接词that省略，从句为客观事实，主句一般现在时，从句用一般现在时） 4. She gave us a description of what had happened. （what引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，what在从句中作主语） 5. He said (that) he needed a calculator. （that引导宾语从句，主句过去时said，从句改为过去时needed） 6. Could you tell me how you sealed the envelope? （how引导宾语从句，从句为陈述句语序，how在从句中作方式状语） 【课堂检测】 1、 单项选择。从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．She thinks ________ we should take a break after working for hours. A．that B．if C．when D．where 2．Excuse me, can you tell me ________? A．how can I get to the airport B．which is the way to the airport C．which the way is to the airport D．when can I get to the airport 3．—Did you ask the guard ________ happened? —Yes, he told me all ________ he knew. A．what; that B．what; what C．which; which D．that; that 4．I can’t explain ________ he behaves like that. A．why B．who C．that D．which 5．Maria asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. A．that B．whether C．when D．where 6．I don’t know ________ the meeting will begin? A．when B．that C．which D．who 7．—What did Sandy say? —She said they ________ a school trip the next weekend. A．had B．have C．will have D．would have 8．I don’t know where ________ going. A．is she B．she is C．she will D．will she 9．I don’t suppose he cares, ________? A．does he B．doesn’t he C．do I D．don’t I 10．All the students went to see ________ with her. A．what the matter was B．what was the matter C．what wrong was D．what was the wrong 11．Father asked________ Mike heard________he said. A．if; what B．whether; that C．that; what D．that; weather 12．We know _______ the Silk Road connected China and Europe in ancient times.​ A．that B．if C．what D．who 13．— Lucy, I hear the new TV tower is fantastic. Could you tell me ________? — Sure! Take No. 8 bus. It’s not far. A．how far it is B．where is it C．how I can get there D．which bus should I take 14．The manager is considering ________ the price of our products will affect the sales volume in the overseas market. A．that B．which C．whether D．what 15．— Could you tell me ________?​ — In three days.​ A．when will they come back​ B．when they will come back​ C．when did they come back​ D．when they came back​​ 16．She asked him________. A．whose dictionary is this B．whose dictionary that was C．whose dictionary this is D．whose dictionary was that 17．________ surprised me most was that he didn’t even know ________ the difference between the two lies. A．That; what B．What; what C．That; where D．What; where 18．Please tell me ________. A．what does mean the sentence B．what this sentence means C．what means this sentence D．what does this sentence mean 19．He told us that he ________ the well-known ancient town the next day. A．will visit B．had visited C．would visit D．has visited 20．We should put ________ into practice. A．what we have learned B．what have we learned C．that we have learned D．that have we learned 2、 句型转换（每空一词）。 1. He says, “I like music.” He says that he ________ music. 2. She asked me, “Do you like art?” She asked me ________ I liked art. 3. “Where is your classroom?” he asked. He asked where my classroom ________. 4. My teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.” My teacher said that the sun ________ in the east. 5. He told me, “I will learn to dance.” He told me that he ________ learn to dance. 6. “What are you doing?” Mom asked me. Mom asked me what I ________ doing. 7. I know. He likes sports I know ________ he likes sports. 8. She wondered, “Can you help me?” She wondered ________ I could help her. 9. “When did you come here?” he asked. He asked when I ________ here. 10. They say, “We enjoy our school life.” They say that ________ enjoy their school life. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $