期末复习基础知识专项2025-2026学年 人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 本专项通过词汇、语法、语篇的梯度训练，结合解析提炼固定搭配、句型结构等方法，系统构建语言知识网络，提升语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇拼写|30题（如“教练coach”“害怕的scared”）|强调固定搭配（be scared of）、词性转换（名词/形容词）|从基础词汇记忆到语境应用，构建词汇体系| |语法应用|25题（如反身代词、时态）|聚焦句型结构（It's+adj.+to do）、时态规则（过去进行时）|语法点分类训练，强化规则理解与应用| |语篇填空|20题（短文填词）|语境中词汇运用，结合上下文判断词性|单句到语篇，提升语言综合理解能力| |词汇运用|15题（选词填空）|固定短语辨析（dream of, deal with）|短语搭配与语境匹配，培养词汇辨析能力| |综合填空|15题（短文填空）|语法与词汇结合，注重篇章逻辑|整合语言要素，提升语篇构建能力|

八年级英语下册 Unit 1—Unit 8 基础知识综合训练 姓名：___________ 班级：___________ 得分：___________ / 180分 一、根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词，共30小题，每小题2分，共60分） 1. My uncle is a famous ___________ (教练) and he has trained many excellent players. 2. The little girl was ___________ (害怕的) of darkness, so she slept with the light on. 3. You should learn to ___________ (控制) your temper when you are angry. 4. The doctor told me to take some ___________ (药) three times a day. 5. The Great Wall is one of the greatest ___________ (奇观) in the world. 6. I felt a sharp ___________ (疼痛) in my back after carrying the heavy box. 7. The ___________ (温度) dropped below zero last night, so the roads were icy. 8. If you want to learn a foreign language well, you need to know its ___________ (文化). 9. The ___________ (高度) of Mount Qomolangma is about 8,848.86 meters. 10. My grandma is in her ___________ (九十多岁), but she is still healthy. 11. The teacher wrote the sentence on the blackboard with a piece of ___________ (粉笔). 12. I have a ___________ (牙痛) and I need to see a dentist tomorrow. 13. The old man lives ___________ (独自), but he never feels lonely because he has many hobbies. 14. A strong ___________ (地震) hit the city and many buildings fell down. 15. We should learn to ___________ (处理) with stress in a proper way. 16. The ___________ (表面) of the lake was so smooth that it looked like a mirror. 17. Sam got an ___________ (奖) for his excellent performance in the math competition. 18. It's ___________ (粗鲁的) to talk loudly in public places. 19. The river is about 500 kilometers in ___________ (长度). 20. The volunteers worked hard to ___________ (提供) food and water for the homeless. 21. Reading books can help to ___________ (表达) your feelings better. 22. Our P.E. ___________ (教练) is very strict with us in training. 23. The little boy showed great ___________ (勇气) when he saved his friend. 24. You should make a ___________ (决定) as soon as possible. 25. The ___________ (深度) of this swimming pool is about 2 meters. 26. She was ___________ (吃惊的) to see her old friend in the street. 27. We should ___________ (避免) making the same mistakes again. 28. The ___________ (环境) in our city has become much better than before. 29. He made a ___________ (建议) about how to improve our English. 30. It is ___________ (不寻常的) for him to be late for school. 二、单句语法填空（共25小题，每小题2分，共50分） 1. My brother taught ___________ (he) how to play the guitar when he was ten. 2. It's very important for us ___________ (stay) healthy every day. 3. The little boy was afraid of ___________ (fall) down from the tree. 4. She has been a volunteer at the animal shelter ___________ last year. 5. We ___________ (watch) TV when the light suddenly went off. 6. The Yangtze River is the ___________ (long) river in China. 7. If it ___________ (rain) tomorrow, we will stay at home. 8. He is used to ___________ (get) up early in the morning. 9. By the time I got to the station, the train ___________ (leave) already. 10. My parents always encourage me ___________ (try) new things. 11. We haven't finished our project ___________. (用yet或already填空) 12. She looked at me ___________ (angry) and walked away without saying a word. 13. The story is ___________ (base) on a real event that happened in 1998. 14. It's hard for me ___________ (understand) what he said just now. 15. We ___________ (know) each other since we were in primary school. 16. We should do what we can ___________ (help) the people in need. 17. I think the book is well worth ___________ (read). 18. He fell off the bike and hurt ___________ (he) badly. 19. Listen! The birds ___________ (sing) in the tree. 20. Tom is looking forward to ___________ (receive) a letter from his pen pal. 21. She was so ___________ (excite) that she couldn't say a word. 22. The wind is blowing ___________ (strong) outside. 23. Peter has ___________ (go) to Shanghai. He will be back in two days. 24. The teacher told us ___________ (not talk) in class. 25. I have ___________ (many) books than my brother does. 三、阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词，共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） A A young boy named Li Ming used to be very 1.___________ (害羞的) and never talked in class. He was often 2.___________ (害怕的) of making mistakes, so he kept silent most of the time. His teacher, Ms Wang, 3.___________ (鼓励) him to speak more and told him that failure was a part of learning. One day, the class had a 4.___________ (讨论) about environmental protection. Li Ming wanted to share his ideas, but he felt a lot of 5.___________ (压力). He took a deep 6.___________ (呼吸) and stood up. To his surprise, everyone listened 7.___________ (认真地) to his speech. His classmates gave him a big round of applause when he finished. Since then, Li Ming has changed a lot. He 8.___________ (加入) the school's speech club and has given many wonderful speeches. He also 9.___________ (写) several articles for the school newspaper. His teacher often says that he is one of the 10.___________ (最优秀的) students she has ever taught. B The weather in England is very 11.___________ (变化多端的). You can experience four seasons in one day. In the morning it may be 12.___________ (晴朗的), but suddenly heavy rain comes. 13.___________ (幸运地), people there are used to this. They always take an umbrella with 14.___________ (他们) when they go out. The English often talk about the weather when they meet. It is a good way to start a 15.___________ (交谈). C Last summer, my family went on a trip to a small village 16.___________ (位于) in the mountains. The 17.___________ (风景) there was beautiful and the air was fresh. We stayed at a local hotel 18.___________ (在……期间) the summer holiday. Every morning, we would go for a walk along the 19.___________ (海岸) and watch the sunrise. The local people were very 20.___________ (友好的) and they treated us warmly. 四、词汇运用：将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） A dream of deal with take up in return give up suffer from get over Many people 1.___________ becoming great athletes. However, becoming a great athlete takes years of hard work. You have to 2.___________ sports like running or swimming at a very young age. You must train every day and never 3.___________, even when you feel tired. Sometimes you may 4.___________ injuries or pain, but you should try to 5.___________ these difficulties. Coaches and teammates will help you 6.___________ and support you. 7.___________, you should also help and encourage others when they are in trouble. B at first so far as well calm down even though from time to time as a result proud of My grandpa loves gardening. 8.___________, he has planted over fifty different kinds of flowers in his garden. 9.___________, he knew little about gardening, but he learned a lot from books and friends. He said that gardening helps him 10.___________ when he feels upset. 11.___________ he is over 70 years old, he still works in the garden every day. I am really 12.___________ him. I love helping him in the garden 13.___________. 14.___________, he teaches me how to take care of the plants. 15.___________, I have learned a lot from him. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） Do you know how to keep healthy? Here is some 1.___________ (advise) for you. First, you should have a balanced diet. It's important 2.___________ (eat) more vegetables and fruit 3.___________ less junk food. Second, you need to do exercise 4.___________ (regular). You can run, swim or play ball games 5.___________ your free time. Third, you should get enough sleep. Most teenagers need 6.___________ (much) than eight hours of sleep every night. Fourth, 7.___________ (stay) happy is also good for your health. When you feel sad or 8.___________ (worry), you can talk to your parents or teachers. They will give you some useful 9.___________ (suggestion). You can also listen to music or read books 10.___________ (relax) yourself. Finally, remember 11.___________ (wash) your hands before meals. This can stop germs 12.___________ entering your body. 13.___________ you follow these rules, you will be healthier. Health is the most important thing in our life. 14.___________ (not) stay up late. Try to go to bed early and get up early. I'm sure you 15.___________ (become) healthier if you keep doing these. 参考答案与详细解析 一、根据汉语写单词（60分） 1. coach 教练。名词，前面有冠词a，用单数形式。 2. scared 害怕的。形容词，"be scared of"为固定搭配。 3. control 控制。动词，learn to后接动词原形。 4. medicine 药。不可数名词，take some medicine"吃药"。 5. wonders 奇观。名词复数，one of the + 名词复数。 6. pain 疼痛。名词，a sharp pain"一阵剧痛"。 7. temperature 温度。名词，作主语。 8. culture 文化。名词，its后接名词。 9. height 高度。名词，定冠词The后接名词。 10. nineties 九十多岁。"in one's nineties"为固定表达。 11. chalk 粉笔。不可数名词，a piece of chalk"一支粉笔"。 12. toothache 牙痛。名词，have a toothache"牙痛"。 13. alone 独自。副词，修饰动词lives。 14. earthquake 地震。名词，作主语。 15. deal 处理。"deal with"为固定搭配，意为"处理"。 16. surface 表面。名词，作主语。 17. award 奖。名词，get an award"获奖"。 18. rude 粗鲁的。形容词，作表语。 19. length 长度。名词，"in length"意为"在长度上"。 20. provide 提供。动词，不定式to后接动词原形。 21. express 表达。动词，help to后接动词原形。 22. coach 教练。名词，Our P.E. coach"我们的体育教练"。 23. courage 勇气。名词，作showed的宾语。 24. decision 决定。名词，make a decision"做决定"。 25. depth 深度。名词，定冠词The后接名词。 26. surprised 吃惊的。形容词修饰人，be surprised to do。 27. avoid 避免。动词，should后接动词原形。 28. environment 环境。名词，作主语。 29. suggestion 建议。名词，made a suggestion"提了一个建议"。 30. unusual 不寻常的。形容词，It is + adj. + for sb to do。 二、单句语法填空（50分） 1. himself "教自己"用反身代词himself。 2. to stay "It's + adj. + for sb + to do"为固定句型。 3. falling "be afraid of doing"害怕做某事。 4. since "since + 过去时间点"与现在完成时连用。 5. were watching "was/were doing...when..."过去进行时。 6. longest "the + 最高级"表示三者以上中最……的。 7. rains "if"引导条件状语从句，主将从现。 8. getting "be used to doing"习惯于做某事。 9. had left "by the time + 过去时"，主句用过去完成时。 10. to try "encourage sb to do"鼓励某人做某事。 11. yet 否定句中用yet，意为"还（没）"。 12. angrily 修饰动词looked，用副词angrily。 13. based "be based on"以……为基础。 14. to understand "It's + adj. + for sb + to do"句型。 15. have known "since + 过去时间点"，主句用现在完成时。 16. to help "do what we can to do"尽我们所能去做。 17. reading "be worth doing"值得做某事。 18. himself hurt oneself"伤到自己"，反身代词。 19. are singing "Listen!"提示正在发生，用现在进行时。 20. receiving "look forward to doing"期待做某事。 21. excited 修饰人用excited，意为"感到兴奋的"。 22. strongly 修饰动词blowing，用副词strongly。 23. gone "has gone to"去了某地（未回）。 24. not to talk "tell sb not to do"告诉某人不要做某事。 25. more "more...than..."比较级，many的比较级为more。 三、短文填词（40分） 1. shy "害羞的"形容词shy，作表语。 2. scared "be scared of"害怕的，固定搭配。 3. encouraged 描述过去的事，用一般过去时。 4. discussion "have a discussion"进行讨论。 5. pressure "a lot of pressure"很多压力，不可数名词。 6. breath "take a deep breath"深呼吸，固定短语。 7. carefully / seriously "认真地"修饰listened，用副词。 8. joined "加入"某组织用join，描述过去用过去式。 9. has written / wrote 用现在完成时（强调影响）或一般过去时均可。 10. best "one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数"最……之一。 11. changeable "变化多端的"形容词changeable。 12. sunny "晴朗的"形容词sunny，作表语。 13. Luckily 句首修饰整个句子，用副词Luckily。 14. them "with + 宾格"，用them指代people。 15. conversation "start a conversation"开始一段交谈。 16. located "位于"be located in，用过去分词作定语。 17. scenery / view "风景"名词，作主语。 18. during "在……期间"介词during。 19. coast "海岸"名词，along the coast"沿海岸"。 20. friendly "友好的"形容词friendly，作表语。 四、选词填空（15分） A组 1. dream of "梦想成为"，动词短语，一般现在时。 2. take up "开始从事（某项活动）"，have to后接动词原形。 3. give up "放弃"，never后接动词原形。 4. suffer from "遭受……之苦"，may后接动词原形。 5. get over "克服"，try to后接动词原形。 6. deal with "处理、应对"，help sb do sth。 7. in return "作为回报"，固定短语。 B组 8. So far "到目前为止"，常与现在完成时连用。 9. At first "起初"，与后文形成对比。 10. calm down "冷静下来"，help sb do sth。 11. Even though "即使，虽然"，引导让步状语从句。 12. proud of "为……感到骄傲"，be proud of。 13. as well "也"，常用于肯定句句末。 14. From time to time "不时，偶尔"，句首作状语。 15. As a result "因此"，表示因果关系。 五、短文填空（15分） 1. advice 不可数名词，"一些建议"。advise是动词。 2. to eat "It's + adj. + to do"句型。 3. and 连接两个并列成分，表示"和"。 4. regularly 修饰动词do exercise，用副词。 5. in "in one's free time"在空闲时间。 6. more "more than"超过，多于。 7. staying 动名词作主语。 8. worried 形容词修饰人，"感到担心的"。 9. suggestions 可数名词，some后用复数。 10. to relax 不定式表目的，"为了放松"。 11. to wash "remember to do"记得去做某事。 12. from "stop...from doing"阻止……做某事。 13. If 引导条件状语从句，"如果"。 14. Don't 否定祈使句，句首用Don't。 15. will become "if"条件句，主将从现。 等级评定 优秀（160-180分）：基础知识非常扎实，继续保持！ 良好（120-159分）：基础不错，建议复习错题对应的知识点。 及格（100-119分）：需要加强单词记忆和语法练习。 待加强（0-99分）：建议重新背诵知识清单中的重点单词和短语。 使用建议：建议先独立完成全部题目，再对照答案和解析进行批改。将错题对应的知识点在知识清单中做好标记，重点复习。建议分两次完成，每次约60分钟。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $