期末考前重点语法复习（现在完成时和过去进行时）-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 聚焦现在完成时与过去进行时，通过系统归纳与分层训练，构建“概念-结构-应用”完整语法体系，提升时态辨析与准确表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识点梳理|2类时态系统归纳|对比呈现用法/结构/时间标志词，构建时态辨析框架|从概念定义到结构特征，再到时间标志词识别，形成“特征记忆-差异对比”逻辑链| |题型训练|60题分层训练（单选40+拼写20）|通过语境化命题强化时态应用，单选侧重标志词与语境辨析，拼写聚焦动词形式变化|从基础识别到综合运用，覆盖中考高频考点（如since/for用法、过去进行时when/while语境），实现“知识-能力”转化|

班级 姓名 学号 分数 期末语法复习 现在完成时和过去进行时 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 过去进行时 用法 ①表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作 ②表示过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作 结构 主语 + be（was/ were） + 现在分词 + 其它 时间标志词 ①at that time ②this time yesterday ③过去某一个具体时间点 现在完成时 用法 ①表示过去的行为对现在产生的影响 ②表示过去的某一动作/状态一直持续到现在 结构 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词 + 其它 （主语是第三人称单数时用 has） 时间标志词 ①already （肯定句） ②yet （疑问句/否定句） ③so far ④since + 时间点 ⑤for + 时间段 ⑥recently 一、单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．She ________ to music when her mother came in. A．listened B．listens C．was listening D．is listening 2．The students ________ a class meeting at 3:00 yesterday afternoon. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 3．While we ________ in the park, it began to rain. A．walked B．were walking C．walk D．are walking 4．It ________ heavily when I left the office. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 5．While my sister was watching TV, I ________ a letter to my friend. A．write B．have written C．am writing D．was writing 6．When the earthquake happened, many people ________ in the building. A．work B．worked C．are working D．were working 7．—What were you doing at 8:00 last night? —I ________ my mom clean the room. A．help B．helped C．was helping D．am helping 8．They were ________ the high jump when the teacher came to the playground. A．practicing B．practiced C．practices D．practice 9．While the rain was pouring down, the little kids ________ their lessons in the classroom. A．are doing B．did C．do D．were doing 10．The doctors ________ hard to save people when the big flood came last summer. A．worked B．were working C．work D．are working 11．— Were you reading a book at that time? — No, I ________. I ________ the dishes in the kitchen. A．wasn’t; was washing B．didn’t; washed C．wasn’t; washed D．didn’t; was washing 12．My parents were watching TV ________ I was reading a book. A．until B．while C．because D．if 13．—What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? —I ________ an online tour of the Sydney Opera House on the website. A．took B．was taking C．am taking D．take 14．She ________ under the tree when she saw a snake near her feet. A．stood B．is standing C．stands D．was standing 15．When the rainstorm came last night, we ________ dinner. A．were eating B．eat C．ate D．will eat 16．—Hi, I didn’t see you at John’s birthday party last night. —Oh, I ________ the book report at that time. A．prepared for B．am preparing for C．was preparing for 17．I was ________ my homework just now. But I am ________ it before school ends. A．did; am used to finishing B．doing; used to finish C．doing; used to finishing D．did; used to finishing 18．He was reading in the library ________ it was raining ________ outside. A．when; heavy B．while; heavily C．when; heavily D．while; heavy 19．—Do you know the great Chinese poet Wang Wei? —Sure. He wrote many poems about the pretty mountains and rivers while he ________ in Gansu. A．travels B．will travel C．was traveling D．has traveled 20．He ________ newspapers when the earthquake happened in his hometown. A．was looking through B．looked through C．is looking through 21．The famous writer ________ Chinese Poets’ Association for over 20 years, and he has written many great poems. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．joins 22．—Have you ever been to Hainan? —Yes, I have. I ________ there twice. A．went B．have gone C．have been D．been 23．The school canteen ________ to use eco-friendly lunch boxes. Students are getting used to them. A．starts B．started C．will start D．has started 24．—Why are you so happy? —Because I ________ a ticket to the Chengdu World Expo. I ________ it online this morning. A．got; have booked B．have got; booked C．get; book D．have got; have booked 25．—How long ________ you ________ this computer? —For three years. A．have; bought B．have; had C．did; buy D．do; have 26．I ________ this book for a week. I have to return it to the library tomorrow. A．have borrowed B．borrowed C．have kept D．kept 27．My grandparents ________ in the countryside for 50 years. They love living there. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．are living 28．—My sister ________ Beijing for a conference. She’ll return next Friday.   —Oh, you must miss her. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has arrived in 29．I ________ the volunteer club for two years, and I have helped a lot of people. A．have joined B．have been to C．have been in D．have arrived in 30．—The last time I saw Tom was at your home. I ________ him since then. —He ________ in Beijing. He has just come back to Nanjing. A．didn’t see, am B．haven’t seen, was C．haven’t seen, is D．didn’t see, will be 31．—Let’s watch the football match of Jiangsu Football City League. —It is too late. It ________ for an hour and the result is 2:1. Nantong won. A．has begun B．has finished C．has been on D．has been over 32．—Have you ________ visited the online Palace Museum before? —Yes, I have. It’s amazing. A．ever B．never C．just D．already 33．My parents ________ in this small town all their lives. They don’t want to move to the city. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．are living 34．—How long have you lived in this city?   —________ I was born here. A．When B．Before C．Since D．Till 35．My cousin has been interested in painting ________ he was five years old. A．when B．since C．until D．while 36．My cousin _________ to London twice, so he knows a lot about the city’s local culture. A．has been B．has gone C．have been D．have gone 37．—Mike, where is your father? —He ________ to New York on business. He ________ the airport at five in the morning. A．has gone; left for B．has been; has gone C．has been; left for D．has gone;has been 38．She ________ a diary every day since she was ten years old. It’s a good habit for her growth. A．keeps B．kept C．has kept D．is keeping 39．More and more exhaust fumes, ________ by too many cars on the road, ________ air pollution in the city. A．causing; has increased B．caused; has increased C．causing; have increased D．caused; have increased 40．Many great inventions ________ our life a lot since they were invented. A．change B．changed C．have changed D．were changing 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．Lucy ________ (go) over her lessons from eight to nine yesterday evening. 42．Ι ________ (have) dinner at half past six yesterday evening. 43．I knew when he went out last night because I ________ (lie) in bed, awake. 44．The sun was ________ (shine) and the sea was really warm! 45．We _________ (climb) the hill when it began to rain yesterday. 46．James, together with his sisters, ________ (get) ready for supper when there was a knock at the door. 47．More than one worker ________ (tie) the newspapers in a bundle (捆) when I walked past the office. 48．The TV ________ (broadcast) a football match when I got home. 49．I was ________ (repair) my broken chair when he knocked at the door. 50．When I looked out of the window at 6:00 this morning, the sun was ________ (rise) slowly. 51．Great changes ________ (happen) in our school since last term. 52．The old couple ________ (marry) for over 40 years. 53．Over the past century, medical technology ________ (improve) greatly. 54．I ________ (lose) ten pounds since I started this diet. 55．My cousin has ________ (admire) the beauty of peonies since she was a little girl. 56．Since the 9th century AD, the picturesque scenery of the West Lake in all seasons ________ (appear) in poems, stories and legends. 57．Many old trees ________ (disappear) because people cut them down for wood. 58．My father has gone to Beijing. He ________ (be) there for two days. 59．Shenzhen ________ (attract) millions of young people since it was established as a special economic zone. 60．My grandfather ________ (use) WeChat for five years, but he still prefers making phone calls. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 期末语法复习 现在完成时和过去进行时 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 过去进行时 用法 ①表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作 ②表示过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作 结构 主语 + be（was/ were） + 现在分词 + 其它 时间标志词 ①at that time ②this time yesterday ③过去某一个具体时间点 现在完成时 用法 ①表示过去的行为对现在产生的影响 ②表示过去的某一动作/状态一直持续到现在 结构 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词 + 其它 （主语是第三人称单数时用 has） 时间标志词 ①already （肯定句） ②yet （疑问句/否定句） ③so far ④since + 时间点 ⑤for + 时间段 ⑥recently 一、单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．She ________ to music when her mother came in. A．listened B．listens C．was listening D．is listening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当她的妈妈进来时，她正在听音乐。 根据“when her mother came in”可知，从句是一般过去时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语She是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 2．The students ________ a class meeting at 3:00 yesterday afternoon. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天下午三点学生们正在开班会。 have举行；had举行（过去式）；are having正在举行（现在进行时）；were having正在举行（过去进行时）。根据时间状语“at 3:00 yesterday afternoon”可知，动作发生在过去的具体时刻，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语The students是复数，be动词用were。 3．While we ________ in the park, it began to rain. A．walked B．were walking C．walk D．are walking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们在公园正散步时，天开始下雨了。 根据it began to rain可知主句为一般过去时，while引导的从句强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were + doing。主语是we，be动词用were，因此填were walking。 4．It ________ heavily when I left the office. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．was raining 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我离开办公室时，天正下着大雨。 根据时间状语从句when I left the office可知，主句动作发生在过去的某一特定时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，因此填was raining。 5．While my sister was watching TV, I ________ a letter to my friend. A．write B．have written C．am writing D．was writing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我姐姐/妹妹正在看电视时，我正在给我的朋友写信。 根据从句中的连词“While”及谓语“was watching”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间段内，主从句的两个动作同时发生且都在持续，主句和从句通常都使用过去进行时，应填was writing。 6．When the earthquake happened, many people ________ in the building. A．work B．worked C．are working D．were working 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当地震发生时，许多人正在大楼里工作。 work工作，动词原形；worked工作，work的过去式；are working正在工作，work的现在进行时结构；were working正在工作，work的过去进行时结构。根据时间状语从句“When the earthquake happened”可知，主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”。主语many people为复数，be动词用were，work的现在分词是working。 7．—What were you doing at 8:00 last night? —I ________ my mom clean the room. A．help B．helped C．was helping D．am helping 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨晚 8 点你在做什么？——我当时正在帮助我妈妈打扫房间。 根据问句中的时间状语“at 8:00 last night”可知，此处强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。应填was helping。 8．They were ________ the high jump when the teacher came to the playground. A．practicing B．practiced C．practices D．practice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当老师来到操场时，他们正在练习跳高。 practicing练习（现在分词）；practiced练习（过去式/过去分词）；practices练习（第三人称单数）；practice练习（动词原形）。根据“when the teacher came”可知动作发生在过去且正在进行，应用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。题干中be动词为were，后接动词表示进行时需接现在分词形式，只有A项符合。 9．While the rain was pouring down, the little kids ________ their lessons in the classroom. A．are doing B．did C．do D．were doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大雨倾盆时，小孩子们正在教室里上课。 根据题干“While the rain was pouring down”是过去进行时，描述过去正在进行的动作，主句也应用过去进行时，表示同时进行的动作，应填were doing。 10．The doctors ________ hard to save people when the big flood came last summer. A．worked B．were working C．work D．are working 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年夏天大洪水来临时，医生们正在努力救人。 根据时间状语when the big flood came last summer可知，从句是一般过去时，主句表示过去某个特定时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语The doctors是复数，be动词用were。应填were working。 11．— Were you reading a book at that time? — No, I ________. I ________ the dishes in the kitchen. A．wasn’t; was washing B．didn’t; washed C．wasn’t; washed D．didn’t; was washing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——那时你正在读书吗？——不，我没有。我正在厨房洗碗。 问句是由“Were”引导的一般疑问句，主语是“I”，否定回答用wasn’t，排除B、D；根据“at that time”可知，第二空表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时was washing，排除C。故选A。 12．My parents were watching TV ________ I was reading a book. A．until B．while C．because D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的父母正在看电视，当我在读书的时候。 until直到……为止；while当……时候；because因为；if如果。根据“My parents were watching TV …I was reading a book.”可知，前后两个分句都是过去进行时，表示两个动作同时进行。while引导时间状语从句，常表示“当……时候”，强调动作同时发生。 13．—What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? —I ________ an online tour of the Sydney Opera House on the website. A．took B．was taking C．am taking D．take 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨晚8点你在做什么？——我正在网站上进行悉尼歌剧院的在线游览。 take，进行，动词原形。根据问句“What were you doing at 8 o'clock last night?”可知，询问的是过去特定时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were + doing。主语是I，be动词用was。 14．She ________ under the tree when she saw a snake near her feet. A．stood B．is standing C．stands D．was standing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当她看到脚边有一条蛇的时候，她正站在树下。 stood一般过去时；is standing现在进行时；stands一般现在时第三人称单数；was standing过去进行时。 本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句saw是一般过去时，主句表示过去某个瞬间正在发生的动作，需要用过去进行时，结构为was/were + 现在分词，主语是she，be动词用was，因此选was standing。 15．When the rainstorm came last night, we ________ dinner. A．were eating B．eat C．ate D．will eat 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨晚暴风雨来临时，我们正在吃晚饭。 根据时间状语“last night”及从句“When the rainstorm came”可知，主句动作表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。 16．—Hi, I didn’t see you at John’s birthday party last night. —Oh, I ________ the book report at that time. A．prepared for B．am preparing for C．was preparing for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，昨晚我没有在约翰的派对上看到你。——哦，那个时候我正在准备读书报告。 考查过去进行时。prepared for为……做准备，过去式；am preparing for现在进行时；was preparing for过去进行时。根据“last night”和句意可知在约翰开派对时我正在准备一个读书报告，此处应用过去进行时，故选C。 17．I was ________ my homework just now. But I am ________ it before school ends. A．did; am used to finishing B．doing; used to finish C．doing; used to finishing D．did; used to finishing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我刚才正在做作业。但我习惯在放学之前完成它。 考查时态和短语。根据“was”可知，第一句的时态是过去进行时，空处应填现在分词doing；第二空是短语be used to doing sth，意为“习惯做某事”。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，不符合题意，故选C。 18．He was reading in the library ________ it was raining ________ outside. A．when; heavy B．while; heavily C．when; heavily D．while; heavy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他在图书馆看书时，外面正下着大雨。 考查时间状语从句引导词和副词的用法。when引导时间状语从句，从句一般用一般过去时；while引导时间状语从句，常表示两个动作同时进行，所以第一空用while。第二空修饰动词“raining”要用副词，“heavy”是形容词，其副词形式是“heavily”。故选B。 19．—Do you know the great Chinese poet Wang Wei? —Sure. He wrote many poems about the pretty mountains and rivers while he ________ in Gansu. A．travels B．will travel C．was traveling D．has traveled 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道伟大的中国诗人王维吗？——当然。他在甘肃旅行时写了许多关于美丽的山水的诗。 考查过去进行时。travels一般现在时，表示习惯性的动作；will travel一般将来时，表示将来会发生的动作；was traveling过去进行时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作；has traveled 现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在有影响。根据“He wrote many poems about the pretty mountains and rivers”可知，王维在甘肃旅行时写了许多诗，这是在过去的某个时间发生的动作，且结合while，此处需要延续性动词，因此应该使用过去进行时。故选C。 20．He ________ newspapers when the earthquake happened in his hometown. A．was looking through B．looked through C．is looking through 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当地震发生在他的家乡时，他正在翻阅报纸。 考查过去进行时。根据时间状语“when the earthquake happened”可知，地震发生时，“翻阅报纸”这一动作正在进行，因此需用过去进行时（was/were + doing）表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作。故选A。 21．The famous writer ________ Chinese Poets’ Association for over 20 years, and he has written many great poems. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．joins 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位著名作家已经加入中国诗人学会20多年了，并且他写了很多优秀的诗歌。 句中 “for over 20 years” 是时间段状语，提示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。同时，join是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，需转换为延续性短语 be in。 22．—Have you ever been to Hainan? —Yes, I have. I ________ there twice. A．went B．have gone C．have been D．been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你去过海南吗？——是的，我去过。我去过那里两次。​ 根据“Have you ever been to Hainan?”和“twice”可知，句子用现在完成时，且强调“去过某地且已回来”，结合答语“Yes, I have.”，have been符合语法规则和语境。 23．The school canteen ________ to use eco-friendly lunch boxes. Students are getting used to them. A．starts B．started C．will start D．has started 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学校食堂已经开始使用环保饭盒了，学生们正在逐渐适应它们。 后一句“学生们正在逐渐适应”表明“开始使用环保饭盒”是已经发生且对现在有持续影响的事情，时态需用现在完成时；主语“the school canteen”是单数，故用has started。 24．—Why are you so happy? —Because I ________ a ticket to the Chengdu World Expo. I ________ it online this morning. A．got; have booked B．have got; booked C．get; book D．have got; have booked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么开心？——因为我已经拿到了成都世博会的门票，我今天早上在网上预订了它。 第一空应用现在完成时，强调过去“拿到门票”的动作对现在造成的影响（现在很开心）；第二空时间状语“this morning”提示时态用一般过去时，应填have got；booked。 25．—How long ________ you ________ this computer? —For three years. A．have; bought B．have; had C．did; buy D．do; have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你拥有这台电脑多久了？——三年了。 根据答语“For three years.”表示持续的时间可知，此处应用现在完成时，且动词需用延续性动词，buy是短暂性动词，需改为延续性动词have，过去分词为had，应填have; had。 26．I ________ this book for a week. I have to return it to the library tomorrow. A．have borrowed B．borrowed C．have kept D．kept 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我已经借这本书一周了。我明天必须把它还给图书馆。 句中时间状语for a week表示动作持续一段时间，句子需用现在完成时，排除B、D选项；borrow是短暂性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，需转换为对应的延续性动词keep，因此用have kept。 27．My grandparents ________ in the countryside for 50 years. They love living there. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．are living 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的祖父母已经在农村生活了50年，他们喜欢住在那里。 句中“for 50 years”表示持续了50年的一段时间，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。现在完成时的结构为have/has+过去分词。 28．—My sister ________ Beijing for a conference. She’ll return next Friday.   —Oh, you must miss her. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has arrived in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我姐姐去北京参加会议了，她下周五回来。——哦，你一定很想她。 has been to去过（已回来）；has gone to去了（未回来）；has been in待在（某地一段时间）；has arrived in已到达（短暂性动词）。根据“My sister...Beijing for a conference. She’ll return next Friday”可知姐姐现在不在本地，已经去了北京还没回来，应使用“has gone to”。 29．I ________ the volunteer club for two years, and I have helped a lot of people. A．have joined B．have been to C．have been in D．have arrived in 【答案】C 【详解】句意： 我加入志愿者俱乐部已经两年了，并且我帮助了很多人。 根据句中的时间状语“for two years”（持续两年），句子需要使用现在完成时，并且动词必须是延续性动词。have been to意为“去过某地（现已回来）”，不符合句意。have been in意为“在某地待了多久”，是延续性状态，可以与时间段连用，符合句意。应填have been in。 30．—The last time I saw Tom was at your home. I ________ him since then. —He ________ in Beijing. He has just come back to Nanjing. A．didn’t see, am B．haven’t seen, was C．haven’t seen, is D．didn’t see, will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我上次见到汤姆是在你家。从那以后我就没见过他。——他当时在北京。他刚回南京。 第一空：根据“since then”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时haven’t seen。 第二空：根据“He has just come back to Nanjing”可知，之前在北京的状态发生在过去，应用一般过去时was。 31．—Let’s watch the football match of Jiangsu Football City League. —It is too late. It ________ for an hour and the result is 2:1. Nantong won. A．has begun B．has finished C．has been on D．has been over 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们去看江苏足球城市联赛的足球比赛吧。太晚了，比赛已经结束一个小时了，结果是2比1，南通赢了。 句中for an hour是一段时间，需用延续性动词的现在完成时，begin和finish是短暂性动词，be over是延续性短语，可表示状态持续，因此选has been over。 32．—Have you ________ visited the online Palace Museum before? —Yes, I have. It’s amazing. A．ever B．never C．just D．already 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经参观过线上故宫博物院吗？——是的，我去过。它太棒了。 ever意为“曾经”，常用于疑问句和否定句中，询问某人是否有过某种经历；never意为“从不”，表示否定；just意为“刚刚”，强调动作发生的时间很近；already意为“已经”，通常用于肯定句。根据语境，问句是在询问对方是否曾经参观过线上故宫博物院，所以用ever合适。 33．My parents ________ in this small town all their lives. They don’t want to move to the city. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．are living 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的父母在这个小镇住了一辈子。他们不想搬到城里去。 根据时间状语“all their lives”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，应填have lived。 34．—How long have you lived in this city?   —________ I was born here. A．When B．Before C．Since D．Till 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在这个城市住了多久了？——自从我出生在这里。 When当……时；Before在……之前；Since自从；Till直到。问句“How long have you...”是现在完成时，提问居住的时长，“since+一般过去时的从句”用来表达“动作从过去某点一直持续到现在”，语义为“自从我出生在这里（就一直住这）”，完全符合问句要求和语境。 35．My cousin has been interested in painting ________ he was five years old. A．when B．since C．until D．while 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的表弟从五岁起就对绘画感兴趣。 when当……时；since自从；until直到……；while当……时。根据“has been interested”为现在完成时，且表示从过去持续到现在的状态，应用since引导时间状语，since符合语境。 36．My cousin _________ to London twice, so he knows a lot about the city’s local culture. A．has been B．has gone C．have been D．have gone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的表弟去过伦敦两次，所以他很了解这座城市的当地文化。 has been去过已回，第三人称单数形式；has gone去过未回，第三人称单数形式；have been去过已回，动词原形；have gone去过未回，动词原形。根据“My cousin…to London twice”可知，句子主语是My cousin，属于第三人称单数，助动词必须用has，此处强调经历，且后文说“他很了解”，说明他已经回来了。应填has been。 37．—Mike, where is your father? —He ________ to New York on business. He ________ the airport at five in the morning. A．has gone; left for B．has been; has gone C．has been; left for D．has gone;has been 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——迈克，你父亲在哪里？——他去纽约出差了。 他早上五点钟就出发去了机场。 第一空，根据“where is your father?”可知父亲不在现场，应用has gone to表示“去了某地（未回来）”；第二空，根据“at five in the morning”可知是过去的具体时间点，应用一般过去时，left for表示“动身前往”。故选A。 38．She ________ a diary every day since she was ten years old. It’s a good habit for her growth. A．keeps B．kept C．has kept D．is keeping 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从她十岁起，她就坚持每天写日记。这对她的成长而言是一个好习惯。 该句是引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语为She，助动词用has，keep的过去分词为kept。 39．More and more exhaust fumes, ________ by too many cars on the road, ________ air pollution in the city. A．causing; has increased B．caused; has increased C．causing; have increased D．caused; have increased 【答案】D 【详解】句意：越来越多的废气，由路上太多的汽车造成，已经增加了城市的空气污染。 exhaust fumes与cause之间是被动关系，需用过去分词caused作后置定语。句子主语是More and more exhaust fumes，fumes为复数名词，谓语动词需用复数形式have increased。 40．Many great inventions ________ our life a lot since they were invented. A．change B．changed C．have changed D．were changing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多伟大的发明自被发明以来，已经极大地改变了我们的生活。 句中时间状语“since they were invented”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“Many great inventions”是复数，助动词用have，change的过去分词为changed。 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．Lucy ________ (go) over her lessons from eight to nine yesterday evening. 【答案】was going 【详解】句意：露西昨天晚上八点到九点复习功课。根据“Lucy…over her lessons from eight to nine yesterday evening.”及提示词可知，句子时态为过去进行时，其结构为：was/were doing。主语Lucy，第三人称单数，be动词应为was，go over“复习”，其现在分词形式为“going over”。故填was going。 42．Ι ________ (have) dinner at half past six yesterday evening. 【答案】was having 【详解】句意：昨天晚上六点半我正在吃饭。根据句意可知，这里表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生的动作，所以用过去进行时，谓语动词结构为：was/were+现在分词，主语是I，所以此处结构为：was + 现在分词，结合所给词可知，have的现在分词是having。故填was having。 43．I knew when he went out last night because I ________ (lie) in bed, awake. 【答案】was lying 【详解】句意：我知道他昨天晚上什么时候出去因为我正躺在床上，醒着。根据“I knew when he went out last night”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，根据“in bed, awake”可知，此处描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语是“I”，谓语结构是：was+动词的现在分词形式。故填was lying。 44．The sun was ________ (shine) and the sea was really warm! 【答案】shining 【详解】句意：阳光灿烂，海水也很温暖！根据句中的“was”可知，时态为过去进行时，因此空处用“shine”的形现在分词shining。故填shining。 45．We _________ (climb) the hill when it began to rain yesterday. 【答案】were climbing 【详解】句意：昨天开始下雨时，我们正在爬山。根据“when it began to rain yesterday.”可知，此处表示过去某一时间正在做某事，时态为过去进行时，其构成为主语+was/were+doing，主语为We，复数，故此处用were，climb的现在分词为climbing。故填were climbing。 46．James, together with his sisters, ________ (get) ready for supper when there was a knock at the door. 【答案】was getting 【详解】句意：James和他的姐妹们正在准备晚餐，这时有人敲门。根据“when there was a knock at the door”可知，此处表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。主语“James, together with his sisters”中心词是James，是单数，因此用was getting。故填was getting。 47．More than one worker ________ (tie) the newspapers in a bundle (捆) when I walked past the office. 【答案】was tying 【详解】句意：当我走过办公室时，不止一个工人正在把报纸捆成一捆。根据“More than one worker…(tie) the newspapers in a bundle (捆) when I walked past the office.”可知，此处时态为过去进行时，其结构为was/were+现在分词，主语遵循“more than one+单数名词”的结构，谓语动词需用单数形式was，tie的现在分词为tying。故填was tying。 48．The TV ________ (broadcast) a football match when I got home. 【答案】was broadcasting 【详解】句意：我到家的时候，电视正在播放一场足球比赛。题干为when引导的时间状语从句，when I got home是一般过去时，描述过去某个时间点发生的动作；主句表示在“我到家”这个过去时间点，电视正在进行的动作，强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，结构是“was/were+现在分词”；主语是单数，be动词用was，broadcast的现在分词是broadcasting。故填was broadcasting。 49．I was ________ (repair) my broken chair when he knocked at the door. 【答案】repairing 【详解】句意：当他敲门的时候，我正在修理坏掉的椅子。根据句意可知，此处考查过去进行时，表示在过去某一时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作。过去进行时结构：主语+was/were+现在分词。“was repairing正在修理”强调 “knocked敲门”这一瞬间发生时，我正在进行的动作——修椅子。故填repairing。 50．When I looked out of the window at 6:00 this morning, the sun was ________ (rise) slowly. 【答案】rising 【详解】句意：今天早上6点我望向窗外时，太阳正缓缓升起。rise升起，结合“was”可知，此处是过去进行时，动词用现在分词。故填rising。 51．Great changes ________ (happen) in our school since last term. 【答案】have happened 【详解】句意：自上学期以来，我们学校发生了巨大的变化。句中“since last term”表明时态为现在完成时，主语为“Great changes”，助动词用have，happen的过去分词是happened。 52．The old couple ________ (marry) for over 40 years. 【答案】have been married 【详解】句意：这对老夫妇已经结婚40多年了。句中时间状语“for over 40 years”表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在，要用现在完成时，结构为：have/has+过去分词。marry是短暂性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，需要转换成表延续状态的结构be married。主语“The old couple”指两个人，为复数概念，助动词用have，be的过去分词是been，因此最终填have been married。 53．Over the past century, medical technology ________ (improve) greatly. 【答案】has improved 【详解】句意：在过去的一个世纪里，医疗技术已经有了极大的进步。句中“Over the past century”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语medical technology为不可数名词，助动词用has，improve意为“改进，提高”，其过去分词直接在词尾加-d。 54．I ________ (lose) ten pounds since I started this diet. 【答案】have lost 【详解】句意：自从我开始这种节食计划以来，我已经减掉了十磅。根据“since I started this diet”可知，该句要用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”。主语是I，助动词用have，lose的过去分词是lost。故填have lost。 55．My cousin has ________ (admire) the beauty of peonies since she was a little girl. 【答案】admired 【详解】句意：我表妹从小就欣赏牡丹的美丽。根据“since she was a little girl”可知，该句为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，admire的过去分词是admired。 56．Since the 9th century AD, the picturesque scenery of the West Lake in all seasons ________ (appear) in poems, stories and legends. 【答案】has appeared 【详解】句意：自公元9世纪以来，西湖四季如画的美景就一直出现在诗歌、故事和传说中。时间状语“Since the 9th century AD”说明，句子时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语“the picturesque scenery”为不可数名词，因此助动词用has，appear的过去分词为appeared。 57．Many old trees ________ (disappear) because people cut them down for wood. 【答案】have disappeared 【详解】句意：许多老树已经消失了，因为人们为了木材把它们砍倒了。“because people cut them down for wood”此处强调过去发生的动作，对现在造成结果：树没了，现在看不到了，时态为现在完成时，主语为“Many old trees”，用have disappeared。 58．My father has gone to Beijing. He ________ (be) there for two days. 【答案】has been 【详解】句意：我爸爸去北京了。他已经在那里待了两天了。句中 for two days 是时间状语，表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在，需使用现在完成时。主语He是第三人称单数，助动词需用has。故填has been。 59．Shenzhen ________ (attract) millions of young people since it was established as a special economic zone. 【答案】has attracted 【详解】句意：自深圳被设立为经济特区以来，它吸引了数百万年轻人。attract意为“吸引”，是动词。根据时间状语“since it was established”可知，应用现在完成时。主语Shenzhen为第三人称单数，助动词用has，attract的过去分词为attracted。 60．My grandfather ________ (use) WeChat for five years, but he still prefers making phone calls. 【答案】has used 【详解】句意：我祖父使用微信已经五年了，但他还是更喜欢打电话。句中时间标志“for five years”说明动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，符合现在完成时的使用场景。现在完成时结构为have/has + 动词过去分词：主语My grandfather是第三人称单数，助动词用has；动词use的过去分词是used，故填has used。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $