Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元语法专题: 形容词、副词的最高级 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格对比、专题框架系统构建了“Amazing Plants and Animals”单元知识体系，涵盖形容词副词最高级（规则/不规则变化表格、重点句型及转换）、语音（/eɪ/等音标与字母组合对应表）、核心词汇（短语与词汇表格梳理）等模块，结合动植物主题对话与阅读整合语法应用，清晰呈现知识脉络与重难点联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，如语法专练包含填空、同义句转换（例：最高级与比较级转换）及语法选择，语音设置辨音与音标补全题，培养语言能力与思维品质。课时“即学即练”涵盖词汇应用、句型转换，基础学生可掌握方法，优秀学生能深化逻辑分析，支持自主复习，助力教师实施精准分层教学。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元语法专题: 形容词、副词的最高级 一、最高级的构成 1. 规则变化:(与比较级对比) 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节末尾-er; -est tall short taller shorter tallest shortest 以不发音的 e 结尾的单音节 少数以l结尾的双音节词只加-r; , -st nice large simple nicer larger simpler nicest largest simplest 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er, -est big hot thin fat slim bigger hotter thinner fatter slimmer biggest hottest thinnest fattest slimmest 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的双音节词 变 y 为 i ,再加-er; -est lovely, friendly, lively两种均可 heavy easy busy early funny heavier easier busier earlier funnier heaviest easiest busiest earliest funniest 少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节词末尾加-er; -est clever narrow cleverer narrower cleverest narrowest 其它双音节和多音节词, 在原级前加more; most 尤其以-ing; able; -ed; -ly 结尾的词 特殊的often; fun important exciting interested quickly fun often comfortable more important more exciting more interested more quickly more fun more often more comfortable most important most exciting most interested most quickly most fun most often most comfortable 2. 不规则变化: 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 二、最高级的重点句型 (1) Which / Who is + 最高级,A, B or C? Who is the heaviest, Tom, Jack or Tony? Which is the biggest country, Canada, China or Russia? (2) one of +最高级+复数名词 Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. She is one of the most hard-working girls in our class. (3) the + 序数词+ 最高级 Yellow River is the second longest river in China. (4) This/ It is + 最高级 + that … This is the best movie that I have ever seen. This is the most beautiful place that I have ever been to. Jack is the cleverest boy that I have ever met. (5) 最高级与比较级之间的转换。 Jim is the tallest student in our class. = Jim is taller than any other student in our class. = Jim is taller than the other students in our class. = Jim is taller than anyone else in our class. 【注意】Jim is taller than any student/the students in our class. (错误表述) 三、最高级的使用注意事项 (1) 形容词最高级前加定冠词the, 副词最高级前可以不加the He isn’t the tallest in his class, but he jumps farthest. (2) of/ among +比较对象 in+地点 Of all the animals on land, elephants are the biggest. He is the most handsome among all the players. Jack is the cleverest of all the boys. Shanghai is the largest city in China. Li Lei is the tallest boy in our class. 四、语法专练 I. 根据所给英文提示, 用单词的正确形式填空。 1. He runs the _ (fast) in his class. 2. August is the _ (hot) month in a year. 3. It is the _ (easy) question in the test. 4. Monday is the _ (early) day of the week. 5. He is the _ (careful) student in the group. 6. Which is the _ (bad) movie? 7. This is the _ (little) expensive bag. 8. That is the _ (far) place. 9. It is the _ (delicious) food in this restaurant. 10. This is the _ (bored) game. 11. He jumps _ (high) of the three boys. 12. She dances _ (beautiful) among the girls. 13. The Great Wall is the most famous _ (build) in China. 14. She is one of the most hard-working _ (student) in class. II. 同义句转换。 1. China develops the most quickly in the world. China develops more quickly than _ _ country in the world. 2. Lily is the most hard-working student in her class. Lily works _ _ anybody else in her class. 3. Ella is more creative than any other student in our class. Ella is _ _ creative student in our class. 4. Swimming is more interesting than the other two activities. Of the three activities, swimming is _ _ interesting. 5. Pan Zhanle can swim the fastest in China. No one can swim _ _ as Pan Zhanle in China. 6. Frank is heavier than any other child in his class. Frank is _ _ in his class. III. 语法选择。 My school life is full of fun. In the school sports meeting, Tom is one of the fastest _1_ in the 100-metre race. Lily is a really hard-working student. She always gets the highest scores in exams and joins lots of academic competitions. _2_ all the school clubs, the art club is the most popular. The club members share their ideas the _3_ freely, which gives us a great place to show our creativity. Our library has _4_ books. We can find different kinds of books there, like storybooks and science books. Our English teacher is _5_ kindest teacher. Her teaching makes learning English the most enjoyable thing. And the school cafeteria serves the most delicious food at lunch. It makes us feel good after a busy morning. ( ) 1. A. runner B. runners C. runners' ( ) 2. A. About B. For C. Among ( ) 3. A. most B. more C. much ( ) 4. A. more interested B. most interesting C. the most interesting ( ) 5. A. a B. the C. / 单元语音: /e /,/a /,/ /,/bl/,/kl/,/gl/,/br/,/kr/ 和 /gr/ 的发音 音标 字母/字母组合 例词 /e / a, ai, ay whale lake praise stay play /a / i, y, igh mice time July fly high fight / / oy, oi toy enjoy join choice noise voice /bl/ bl black blue block /kl/ cl climb clock club /gl/ gl glass globe glue /br/ br bring brown breath /kr/ cr cross cream cry create /gr/ gr grass grow greet grade ground 选出划线部分发音不同的一项。 ( )1. A. mail B. rain C. said ( )2. A. sick B. title C. sky ( )3. A. enjoy B. noise C. loud ( ) 4. A. train B. day C. bath ( )5. A. dinner B. sight C. swim 写出下列单词所缺音标,并读一读 1. ugly /' _i/ 2. class /_ s/ 3. green /_i n/ 4. lay /l_/ 5. bright /br_t/ 6. price /pr_s/ 7. probably /'pr b _i/ 8. untidy / n't_di/ 9. describe /d 's_a b/ 10. break /_e k/ 第一课时 (Section A 1a-Pronunciation) Section A, 1b and 1c Conversation 1 Emma: Hi, Yaming. What are you doing? Yaming: Hi, Emma. I’m starting to test on animals and plants. Emma: Sounds fun. Let’s take it together. Yaming: OK. First question. What’s the largest animal in the world? Emma: It’s the blue whale, right? Yaming: Right. It’s also the heaviest animal on earth. Next question. Which animal runs the fastest? Emma: Oh wait! I just read about it. The cheetah runs the fastest. Yaming: Right again! And I think it’s the most beautiful animal in the world. Emma: I completely agree with you. Conversation 2 Yaming: Now let’s answer the questions about plants. What is the oldest plant in the world? Emma: Hmm, I’m not sure. Do you have any idea? Yaming: Well, I think moss is one of the oldest plants. It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago ... Oh, look here. I'm correct! Emma: Interesting! Let's go on! Yaming:Which kind of tree is the tallest in the world? Emma:The redwood tree, right? Yaming: Yes! I hope I can see some someday. 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. the blue _ 蓝鲸 2. the _ animal 最大的动物 3. * visit the _ forests 参观红杉林 4. not only _ 不止一次 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. _ n. 苔藓 2. _ n. 猎豹 【重点句子】 1. What's amazing about the blue whale? 蓝鲸有什么令人惊叹之处? 2. I visited the redwood forests in California not only once. 我不止一次游览过加利福尼亚州的红杉林。 重点讲解 1. once 单词 once adv. 一次;曾经 conj. 一旦 探究 once 作副词,意为"一次;曾经";作连词,意为"一旦"。 搭配 • at once 立刻;马上(=right away) • once in a while 偶尔;有时候(=sometimes) • once upon a time 从前 • once more/again 再次(发生);又一次 • not only once 不仅仅一次 例如: ①He cleans his car _ every two weeks. 他每两周洗一次车。 ②He _ lived in China. 他曾在中国生活过。 ③Come here _ _ ! 马上到这里来! ④I looked at myself in the mirror _ _. 我又看了一眼镜子里的自己。 ⑤_ the rain _, we will go out to play. 一旦雨停了,我们就出去玩。 ⑥_ _ _ _, a kind old man lived here. 从前,一位善良的老人住在这里。 课堂即学即练 1. Chongqing is one of _ (big) cities in China. 2. Once it _ (snow), the children will go out to make a snowman. 3. Lucy goes to the movies once a week. (对划线部分提问) _ _ does Lucy go to the movies? 4. 有时候,我喜欢看恐怖电影。(完成译句) _ in a _, I like to watch scary movies. 第二课时 (Section A 2a-2e) Section A, 2a and 2d Ella: Oh, what’s that, Chen Jie? It’s so beautiful! Chen Jie: Thanks. It’s a folding fan. I bought it last year. Ella: Oh! It has a painting of bamboo on it. Chen Jie: Yeah. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. It’s a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture. Ella: I didn’t know that before. So, where did you get that fan? Chen Jie: At the Bamboo Sea in Sichuan, the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China. I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. Ella: Really? Like what? Chen Jie: Well, bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in one day. Also, it’s one of the most useful plants in the world. People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. Ella: Oh, that’s interesting. I remember pandas love to eat bamboo too, right? Chen Jie: Exactly! Actually, we eat bamboo shoots too. They’re really delicious. 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. * a _ fan 一把折扇 2. * a painting of _ 一幅竹子画 3. * a symbol of _ 美好的象征 4. in Chinese _ 在中国文化中 5. one of the _-growing plants 生长最快的植物之一 6. _ houses 建造房屋 7. * make _ and instruments 制作工具和乐器 8. * eat bamboo _ 吃竹笋 9. * _ in Chinese paintings 出现在中国画中 10. be _ in 对……感兴趣 11. * a _ subject in Chinese paintings 中国画中一个受欢迎的主题 12. * feel _ to do sth 可以随便做某事 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. _ interj. 是的;对 2. _ adv. 实际上;居然 【词形变换】 1. folding adj. 折叠式的;可折叠的 fold v. 折叠;对折 2. popular adj. 广受欢迎的;流行的 popularity n. 流行 3. goodness n. 美德;营养 good adj. 好的 4. actually adv. 实际上;居然 actual adj. 真实的;实际的 5. shoot n. 幼苗;嫩芽 v. 开(枪);射击 shot(过去式) 6. appear v. 出现;呈现 appearance n. 外表;露面 disappear(反义词) 【重点句子】 1. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 2. Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 竹子在中国似乎是一种非常受欢迎的植物。 重点讲解 1. popular 单词 popular adj. 广受欢迎的;流行的 popularity n. 流行 探究 表示"受到某两个人群的喜爱"时, 后面介词不用 between。 搭配 • be popular with/among... 受到某人群的喜爱 • win/lose popularity with/among... 受/不受到某人群的喜爱 • be popular in+地点 在某地受到喜爱 例如: ①It is _ _ teachers and students. 它在师生中很受欢迎。 ②These cute toys win great _ among children. 这些可爱的玩具在孩子们中赢得了很高的人气。 2. actually 单词 actually adv. 事实上;实际上;居然 actual adj. 真实的;实际的 探究 actually 用于强调事实,意为"事实上";也可表示想法与事实不一致因而惊奇,意为"居然";或用于礼貌地纠正他人,意为"实际上;事实上",此用法相当于"in fact"。例如: ①The woman's _ age is unknown. 那位女士的实际年龄无人知晓。 ②What did she _ say? 她到底是怎么说的? ③We're not Japanese. _, we're Chinese. 我们不是日本人。实际上,我们是中国人。 ④He told me he hated apples, but he _ ate three. 他跟我说他讨厌苹果,可他居然吃了三个。 3. shoot 单词 shoot n. 嫩芽;幼苗 v. (shot) 开(枪);射击;拍摄 探究 shoot 可作及物或不及物动词使用,注意其过去式的正确拼写。 搭配 • shoot (at) sb/sth 朝……开枪 • shoot a gun 开枪 • shoot a movie 拍摄电影 例如: ①The hunter _ _ the deer in the forest, but missed it. 猎人在森林里朝鹿开了枪,但没打中。 ②He was learning how _ a gun. 他当时正在学习如何开枪。 ③They spent a whole month _ a movie in the mountains. 他们在山里花了一整月拍摄一部电影。 4. appear 单词 appear v. 出现;呈现 appearance n. 出现;外表 探究 appear 的反义词为 disappear。作实义动词时,为不及物动词。【拓展】可作系动词 搭配 • appear (to be) + adj./n. 看起来……;好像是…… • appear to do sth 似乎 / 好像做某事 • It appears (that)… 看来 / 似乎…… 例如: ①He _ _ at the party last night. 他昨晚没有在晚会上出现。 ②As the night fell, the stars _ in the sky. 随着夜幕降临,天空中出现了星星。 ③His sudden _ made me feel surprised. 他的突然出现让我感到很惊讶。 作系动词,后面常跟形容词、名词、不定式作表语或从句,意为"看来;好像"。例如: ①He tried hard to appear interested in it. 他努力地显得对它很感兴趣。 ②They appear to know what is happening now. 他们似乎知道正在发生什么。 ③It appears that the weather will turn sunny tomorrow. 看来明天天气会转晴。 教材典句解析 Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。(教材 P33,2a) 5. "one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数" 意为"最……之一"。当此结构在句中作主语时,谓语动词需与 one 保持数的一致,采用单数形式。例如: ①China is one of _ _ _ in the world. 中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。 ②One of the biggest cities in China _ Shanghai. 中国最大的城市之一是上海。 Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. 确实如此!实际上我们也吃竹笋。(教材 P33,2a) 6. exactly 基本含义为"确切地"。在口语中,"exactly"表示肯定他人观点,意为"正是如此;没错;完全正确"。"not exactly"作为一种委婉的"不"的表达,当他人所言不完全正确或与事实有出入时,用它委婉指出,意为"不完全是;未必如此"。例如: ①—So, we should leave at 8 o'clock. —_. —所以,我们应该8点出发。—没错。 ②—The party was a great success. —_ _. Many people left early. —这次聚会非常成功。—并非如此。很多人都提前离开了。 Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 竹子在中国似乎是一种非常受欢迎的植物。(教材 P34,2e) 7. seem 在句中用作系动词,其后可接不定式、名词或形容词作表语,表达"看似……"的含义。 • seem+(to be)+adj./n. 似乎(是)…… • seem like+n. 看起来像…… • seem+不定式=It seems that... 看似…… 例如: ①He _ a nice man. 他看来是个好人。 ②You seem _ today. 你今天好像挺高兴。 ③They seem _ _ what they are doing. = _ _ that they know what they're doing. 看来,他们知道自己在干什么。 ④It seemed _ a good idea at the time. 当时这主意好像不错。 课堂即学即练 1. _ (actual), it would be much easier to do it later. 2. The two rooms are _ (exact) the same size. 3. Feel free _ (ask) me any questions if you don't understand. 4. Robert shot the ball and got three points. (改为一般疑问句) _ Robert _ the ball and get three points? 5. The world's first computer mouse appeared in 1964. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the world's first computer mouse appear? 6. Anna seems angry. (改为同义句) _ _ that Anna is angry. 7. 这本书是我读过的最有趣的书之一。(完成译句) This book is one of the _ interesting _ I have ever read. 8. 长长的面条是长寿的象征。(完成译句) Long noodles are a _ _ long life. 9. boys, very, basketball, among, is, popular (连词成句) _. 第三课时 (Grammar Focus 3a-3c) 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. the _ animal 最重的动物 2. * the _ elephant 非洲象 3. run _ 跑得最快 4. * _ all _ animals 在所有陆地动物中 5. the _ plant 最有用的植物 6. the _ plant 最有趣的植物 7. love pandas _ 最喜欢熊猫 8. * have the most colourful _ 拥有最色彩斑斓的翅膀 9. * the tree _ 树蛙 10. _ earth 在地球上 11. _ _ to three metres tall 高达三米 12. * _ up to 860 kg 重达860千克 13. a symbol _ hope and long life 希望和长寿的象征 14. * in Shaanxi _ 在陕西省 15. _ of tourists 成千上万的游客 16. _ China 全中国 17. * take a _ 散步 18. bring _ to their heart 给他们的内心带来快乐 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. _ n. 玫瑰;蔷薇 2. _ n. 牡丹;芍药 3. _ n. 莲花 4. _ n. 蝴蝶 5. _ 千克;公斤 6. _ n. 银杏 【词形变换】 1. African adj. 非洲的;非洲人的 n. 非洲人 Africa n. 非洲 2. butterfly n. 蝴蝶 butterflies(复数) 3. weigh v. 有……重;称重量 weight n. 重量 【重点句子】 1. Which do you think is the most beautiful, the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower? 玫瑰、牡丹、莲花,你认为哪种最美? 2. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the best time to see it. 每年都有成千上万的游客前来观赏它,尤其是在十月中旬,因为那是观赏它的最佳时节。 重点讲解 1. weigh 单词 weigh v. 有……重;称重量 weight n. 重量 探究 weigh 作及物动词时,意为"称重量";作系动词时,后面跟数词,表示重达多少。 搭配 • weigh sb/sth 称重量 • weigh 100 kg 重达100公斤 • put on/lose weight 长胖/减肥 例如: ①Can you _ the bag for me? I want to know how heavy it is. 你能帮我称一下这个袋子吗?我想知道它有多重。 ②My little brother _ 30 kg now. 我弟弟现在重达30公斤。 ③How much do you _? = What's your _? 你多重? ④I ate a lot of ice cream and _ _ _ quickly. 我吃了好多冰激凌,很快就长胖了。 ⑤My mum is trying to _ _ because she wants to be healthier. 我妈妈正在努力减肥,因为她想更健康。 教材典句解析 Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the best time to see it. 每年都有成千上万的游客前来观赏它,尤其是在十月中旬,因为那是观赏它的最佳时节。(教材 P35,3c) 2. as 在句中作连词,意为"由于"。as 作连词时,常见用法如下: 词义 例句 一边……一边…… The students took notes as _ _. 学生们边听课边做笔记。 当……的时候 I saw him as _ _ _. 我正在跑步时,看到了他。 因为 You can go first as _ _. 你可以第一个去,因为你年纪最大。 正如;像……一样 You should do it as _ _ _. 你应该按照我之前告诉你的那样做。 课堂即学即练 1. We all like him as he is very kind. (对划线部分提问) _ _ you all like him? 2. What's the weight of the panda? (改为同义句) How much _ the panda _? 3. No other animals in the zoo are heavier than the elephant. (改为同义句) The elephant is _ _ animal in the zoo. 4. 冬天,成千上万只鸟飞往南方。(完成译句) _ _ birds fly south in winter. 5. 罗伯特喜欢下班后去公园散步。(完成译句) Robert likes to _ a _ in the park after work. 6. 自从他不再锻炼后,体重就增加了。(完成译句) He _ _ weight after he stopped exercising. 7. most, are, popular, fruits, among, the, apples, all (连词成句) _. 第四课时 (Section B 1a-1f) Section B 1b We Can't Live Without Bees Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel? Disappointed? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants grow. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is. Bees are an important part of the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. They need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. * be _ with us 与我们有关联 2. _ this moment 此刻;在这个时候 3. * the best examples of this _ 这种联系的最佳例子 4. _ 50 to 100 flowers 采50到100朵花的花蜜 5. fly from one flower to _ 从一朵花飞到另一朵花 6. * _ fact 事实上 7. * _ their work 没有它们的劳作 8. * 80 _ _ of the plants 百分之八十的植物 9. * _ this reason 出于这个原因 10. * on this _ 在这个星球上 11. * in order to _ _ 为了储存蜂蜜 12. * create _ 建造蜂巢 13. * _ a part in... 参与…… 14. * the _ of our planet 我们星球的生态系统 15. the _ of bees 蜜蜂的数量 16. * _ animals 保护动物 17. * another _ for the text 这篇文章的另一个标题 18. * the connection between _ and other insects 人类与其他昆虫之间的联系 19. * be home _ many birds 是许多鸟类的栖息地 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. _ v. 想象;猜想 2. _ adj. 失望的;沮丧的 3. _ n. 授粉 4. _ n. 花粉 5. _ n. 行动;行为 6. _ v. 交流;沟通 7. _ n. 重要性 8. _ n. 蚂蚁 【词形变换】 1. connect v. 关联;连接 connected adj. 连接的;相关的 connection n. 联系;连接 2. imagine v. 想象;猜想 imagination n. 想象力;想象 3. disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappoint v. 使失望;使破灭 4. action n. 行动;行为 act v. 行动 5. communicate v. 交流;沟通 communication n. 交流 6. protect v. 保护;防护 protection n. 保护 7. importance n. 重要性 important adj. 重要的 8. human n. 人 adj. 人的;人类的 humans(复数) 【重点句子】 1. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. 事实上,没有它们的劳作,世界上大约百分之八十的植物就无法生长。 2. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 为了储存蜂蜜,它们建造了蜂巢。 3. Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. 另一个关于蜜蜂的有趣的事是它们如何交流。 4. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。 重点讲解 1. connect 单词 connect v. 关联;连接 connection n. 联系;连接 connected adj. 相连的;相关的 探究 一般用来表示"将(某人、某物与某事物)联系起来"。 搭配 • connect ... with ... 将……与……联系起来 • be connected with ... 与……联系、有关 • be connected to 与……相连 • a connection between ... and ... ……与……之间的联系 例如: ①We often _ Chongqing _ hot pot. 我们经常把重庆同火锅联系起来。 ②His illness is _ _ his bad eating habits. 他的病和他不好的饮食习惯有关。 ③There is a close _ _ hard work and good grades. 努力学习和好成绩之间有紧密的联系。 ④My phone is _ _ the Wi-Fi. 我的手机连接上了无线网络。 2. imagine 单词 imagine v. 想象 imagination n. 想象力;想象 搭配 • imagine doing sth 想象做某事 • imagine that ... 想象……(后面跟宾语从句) • with a little imagination 用一点点想象力 例如: ①I can imagine _ in the sky like a bird. 我能想象像鸟儿一样在天空飞翔。 ②With a little _, we can turn this old box into a toy house. 用一点点想象力,我们可以把这个旧盒子变成一个玩具屋。 【拓展】imagine 后面跟宾语从句,要用陈述句语序。例如:I can't imagine what the world will be like. 我无法想象未来世界会怎样。 3. disappointed 单词 disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的 disappoint v. 令某人失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望 探究 disappointed 作形容词,意为"失望的"。 搭配 • feel disappointed at/by sth 对……感到失望 • feel disappointed in sb 对某人失望 • feel disappointed to see/hear ... 看到/听到……感到很失望 • feel disappointed that ... 感到失望的是…… • make sb feel disappointed=disappoint sb 令某人失望 例如: ①He made his parents feel _. = He _ his parents. 他让父母失望了。 ②They were disappointed _ the result of the game. 他们对比赛的结果很失望。 ③I am really disappointed _ you. 我对你很失望。 ④He was disappointed _ she wasn't at the party. 看到她没来参加晚会,他感到很失望。 4. per cent 单词 per cent n. 百分之…… 探究 per cent 始终以单数形式出现,而谓语动词的单复数形式由主语所表达的意义决定。 搭配 • 数词+per cent of ... 百分之几的…… • How many per cent of ...? = What per cent of ...? 百分之几的……?(用来提问) 例如: ①Ten _ _ _ the students have health problems in this school. 这个学校百分之十的学生有健康问题。 ②About fifty per cent of the water _ still in the bottle. 大约一半的水还在瓶子里。 ③_ _ per cent of the students do not exercise at all? = _ _ _ of the students do not exercise at all? 百分之几的学生完全不锻炼? 5. protect 单词 protect v. 保护;防护 protection n. 保护 探究 作及物动词使用,强调保护某人或某物免受某种伤害。 搭配 • protect ... from ... 保护……免受……的伤害 • protect the environment 保护环境 • the protection of ... ……的保护 例如: ①This coat will _ you _ the cold. 这件外套能保护你免受寒冷。 ②Everyone should play a part in the _ of birds. 每个人都应该在鸟类保护中发挥作用。 教材典句解析 In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. 事实上,没有它们的劳作,世界上大约百分之八十的植物就无法生长。(教材 P36,1b) 6. without 作为介词,意思是"没有",它后面可以接名词、代词或者动词的-ing 形式。例如: ①They left without _ goodbye. 他们甚至没有告别就离开了。 ②We can't finish it without _ _. = We can't finish it if you don't help us. 没有你的帮助,我们就完不成它。 ③He went to the store without _. 他没带她一起去商店。 In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 为了储存蜂蜜,它们建造了蜂巢。(教材 P36,1b) 7. in order to do "In order to store honey"在句中作目的状语,相当于不定式"To store honey"。当这两种结构位于句首时,需用逗号将它们与句子的其他部分隔开;而当它们处于句末时,则无需使用逗号进行隔开。不定式"to do sth"还可用于回答"why"类询问目的的问题。例如: ①In order _ healthy, we should eat more vegetables. 为了保持健康,我们应该多吃蔬菜。 ②They saved money _ _ _ buy a new bike. 他们存钱是为了买一辆新自行车。 ③—Why do you take exercise every day? —_ keep healthy. —你为什么要每天运动?—为了保持健庿。 Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。(教材 P36,1b) 8. play an important part in 意为"在……中发挥重要作用"。与 part 相关短语搭配如下: • play a part/role in ... 在……中发挥作用 • take part in 参与某事 • do your part 尽自己的职责 例如: ①Trees play _ big _ _ making the air clean. 树木在净化空气方面发挥着很大作用。 ②Everyone _ _ _ cleaning the house yesterday. 昨天每个人都参与了房屋清扫。 ③Do _ _ and clean your room every week. 尽你的职责,每周打扫你的房间。 课堂即学即练 1. I was late for school this morning. _ this reason, I missed the first class. 2. This park is home _ many birds. 3. Fifteen per cent of the students watch TV every day. (对划线部分提问) _ _ _ of the students watch TV every day? 4. The number of the students in our school is 3,600. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the number of the students in your school? 5. He hopes that he will not make us disappointed this time. (改为同义句) He hopes that he will not _ _ this time. 6. Actually, he is much smarter than he seems. (改为同义句) _ _, he is much smarter than he seems. 7. 互联网与我们的日常生活紧密相连。(完成译句) The Internet is closely _ _ our daily life. 8. 为了保护你的眼睛,你有时应该环顾四周来让眼睛放松一下。(完成译句) In order _ _ your eyes, you should look around to relax them sometimes. 9. 每个人都应该在环保方面发挥作用。(完成译句) Everyone should _ a _ in environmental protection. 10. imagine, can, without, living, you, plants (连词成句) _. 第五课时 (Section B 2a-Reflecting) 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. * feel _ 感到失望 2. * some _ 一些蘑菇 3. use bamboo baskets to _ food 使用竹篮来储存食物 4. put ... in your _ 把……放进你的行李里 5. _ a lot to me 对我意义重大 6. * _ an important _ in 在……中扮演重要角色 7. * be about the _ of a _ 大约有一颗豌豆那么大 8. as big as a _ hand 和人的手一样大 9. eat _ 吃昆虫 10. in _ 在自然界中 11. live on _ 生活在陆地上 12. * in studies on _ change 在关于气候变化的研究中 13. * weigh as much as 200 _ 重达200吨 14. * in all _ _ the Arctic Ocean 在除了北冰洋之外的所有海洋里 15. * the _ animals 最微小的动物 16. four tons _ these 四吨这些东西 17. * live _ to 90 years 活到90岁 18. _ for over a year 持续一年多 19. * create a _ and healthy ecosystem 创造一个充满生机且健康的生态系统 短语中未涉及词汇: _ n. 幸福;快乐 【词形变换】 happiness n. 幸福;快乐 happy adj. 快乐的;高兴的 【重点句子】 1. The smallest frogs are about the size of a pea, while larger ones can grow as big as a human hand. 最小的青蛙仅有豌豆大小,而较大的种类却能长到人类手掌一样大。 2. It can weigh as much as 200 tons. 它的重量可达200吨之多。 重点讲解 1. except 单词 except prep. 除……之外 conj. 除了;只是 探究 except 意为"除……之外",用于表示排除关系,蕴含"减除"意味,即不包含其后所提及的对象;besides 意为"除……之外(还)",表示一种累加关系,即额外增添后面提到的对象。两者作介词时,后面若跟动词,要用-ing 形式。例如: 搭配 • except/besides+名词/代词/动名词 除……之外 ①Everyone went to the party _ Tom. 除了汤姆,所有人都去参加派对了。(不包括Tom) ②_ English, she also studies French. 除了英语,她还学习了法语。(包括English) ③I like all sports except _. 我喜欢所有的运动,除了跑步。 ④Besides _ football, he often goes swimming on weekends. 除了踢足球,他周末还经常去游泳。 【拓展】Nobody but/except sb ... 意为"只有某人……"。例如:Nobody but/except you will help him out. 只有你会去帮助他。 教材典句解析 It can weigh as much as 200 tons. 它的重量可达200吨之多。(教材 P39,3a) 2. 【辨析】as much as与as many as 在表达数量程度时,选用 as much as 还是 as many as,取决于所涉及的概念。当涉及重量(如200 tons)、水、时间、金钱等概念时,通常将其视作不可数的整体,故而用 as much as。当表示其他可以逐个计数的概念,即视为可数名词时,要用 as many as 来强调"多达……"。两者都等于 up to。例如: ①The bucket can carry _ _ _ 10 kilograms of water. 这个水桶能装多达10千克的水。 ②This new bike costs _ _ _ 500 yuan. 这辆新自行车的价格高达500元。 ③The dining hall can hold _ _ _ 500 people. 这个餐厅能容纳多达500人。 ④The factory makes _ _ _ 1,000 cars per day. 这家工厂每天生产多达1000辆汽车。 课堂即学即练 1. This old photo means a lot _ me because it was taken with my grandparents. 2. We were _ (disappoint) that they couldn't go. 3. She has the _ (tiny) hands among all the girls in our class. 4. Our school sports meeting lasted for three days. (对划线部分提问) _ _ did your school sports meeting last for? 5. It can cost up to 10,000 dollars. (改为同义句) It can cost _ _ as 10,000 dollars. 6. Exercise is important for keeping healthy. (改为同义句) Exercise _ an important _ in keeping healthy. 7. 除了我之外,他们都会游泳。(完成译句) They all know how to swim _ _. 8. 除了做家庭作业之外,我周末还帮父母做家务。(完成译句) _ _ my homework, I also help my parents with the housework on weekends. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元语法专题: 形容词、副词的最高级 一、最高级的构成 1. 规则变化:（与比较级对比） 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节末尾-er; -est tall short taller shorter tallest shortest · 以不发音的 e 结尾的单音节 · 少数以l结尾的双音节词只加-r; , -st nice large simple nicer larger simpler nicest largest simplest 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -est big hot thin fat slim bigger hotter thinner fatter slimmer biggest hottest thinnest fattest slimmest 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的双音节词 变 y 为 i ，再加-er; -est lovely, friendly, lively两种均可 heavy easy busy early funny heavier easier busier earlier funnier heaviest easiest busiest earliest funniest 少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节词末尾加-er; -est clever narrow cleverer narrower cleverest narrowest 其它双音节和多音节词， 在原级前加more; most 尤其以-ing; able; -ed; -ly 结尾的词 特殊的often; fun important exciting interested quickly fun often comfortable more important more exciting more interested more quickly more fun more often more comfortable most important most exciting most interested most quickly most fun most often most comfortable 2. 不规则变化: 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 二、最高级的重点句型 (1) Which / Who is + 最高级，A, B or C? Who is the heaviest, Tom, Jack or Tony? Which is the biggest country, Canada, China or Russia? (2) one of +最高级+复数名词 Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. She is one of the most hard-working girls in our class. (3) the + 序数词+ 最高级 Yellow River is the second longest river in China. (4) This/ It is + 最高级 + that … This is the best movie that I have ever seen. This is the most beautiful place that I have ever been to. Jack is the cleverest boy that I have ever met. (5) 最高级与比较级之间的转换。 Jim is the tallest student in our class. = Jim is taller than any other student in our class. = Jim is taller than the other students in our class. = Jim is taller than anyone else in our class. 【注意】Jim is taller than any student/the students in our class. (错误表述) 三、最高级的使用注意事项 (1) 形容词最高级前加定冠词the, 副词最高级前可以不加the He isn’t the tallest in his class, but he jumps farthest. (2) of/ among +比较对象 in+地点 Of all the animals on land, elephants are the biggest. He is the most handsome among all the players. Jack is the cleverest of all the boys. Shanghai is the largest city in China. Li Lei is the tallest boy in our class. 四、语法专练 I. 根据所给英文提示, 用单词的正确形式填空。 1. He runs the ______ (fast) in his class. 2. August is the ______ (hot) month in a year. 3. It is the ______ (easy) question in the test. 4. Monday is the ______ (early) day of the week. 5. He is the ______ (careful) student in the group. 6. Which is the ______ (bad) movie? 7. This is the ______ (little) expensive bag. 8. That is the ______ (far) place. 9. It is the ______ (delicious) food in this restaurant. 10. This is the ______ (bored) game. 11. He jumps ______ (high) of the three boys. 12. She dances ______ (beautiful) among the girls. 13. The Great Wall is the most famous ______ (build) in China. 14. She is one of the most hard-working ______ (student) in class. II. 同义句转换。 1. China develops the most quickly in the world. China develops more quickly than ______ ______ country in the world. 2. Lily is the most hard-working student in her class. Lily works ______ ______ anybody else in her class. 3. Ella is more creative than any other student in our class. Ella is ______ ______ creative student in our class. 4. Swimming is more interesting than the other two activities. Of the three activities, swimming is ______ ______ interesting. 5. Pan Zhanle can swim the fastest in China. No one can swim ______ ______ as Pan Zhanle in China. 6. Frank is heavier than any other child in his class. Frank is ______ ______ in his class. III. 语法选择。 My school life is full of fun. In the school sports meeting, Tom is one of the fastest ______1______ in the 100-metre race. Lily is a really hard-working student. She always gets the highest scores in exams and joins lots of academic competitions. ______2______ all the school clubs, the art club is the most popular. The club members share their ideas the ______3______ freely, which gives us a great place to show our creativity. Our library has ______4______ books. We can find different kinds of books there, like storybooks and science books. Our English teacher is ______5______ kindest teacher. Her teaching makes learning English the most enjoyable thing. And the school cafeteria serves the most delicious food at lunch. It makes us feel good after a busy morning. ( ) 1. A. runner B. runners C. runners' ( ) 2. A. About B. For C. Among ( ) 3. A. most B. more C. much ( ) 4. A. more interested B. most interesting C. the most interesting ( ) 5. A. a B. the C. / I.1.fastest 2.hottest 3.easiest 4.earliest 5.most careful 6.worst 7.least 8.farthest 9.the most delicious 10.most boring 11.(the)highest 12.(the)most beautifully 13.building 14.students Ⅱ.1.any other 2.harder than 3.the most 4.the most interesting 5.as fast 6.the heaviest Ⅲ.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 单元语音: /eɪ/，/aɪ/，/ɔɪ/，/bl/，/kl/，/gl/，/br/，/kr/ 和 /gr/ 的发音 音标 字母/字母组合 例词 /eɪ/ a, ai, ay whale lake praise stay play /aɪ/ i, y, igh mice time July fly high fight /ɔɪ/ oy, oi toy enjoy join choice noise voice /bl/ bl black blue block /kl/ cl climb clock club /gl/ gl glass globe glue /br/ br bring brown breath /kr/ cr cross cream cry create /gr/ gr grass grow greet grade ground 选出划线部分发音不同的一项。 ( C )1. A. mail B. rain C. said ( A)2. A. sick B. title C. sky ( C )3. A. enjoy B. noise C. loud ( B ) 4. A. train B. day C. bath ( B )5. A. dinner B. sight C. swim 写出下列单词所缺音标，并读一读 1. ugly /'ʌgli/ 2. class /klɑːs/ 3. green /griːn/ 4. lay /leɪ/ 5. bright /braɪt/ 6. price /praɪs/ 7. probably /'prɒbəbli/ 8. untidy /ʌn'taɪdi/ 9. describe /dɪ'skraɪb/ 10. break /breɪk/ 第一课时 (Section A 1a-Pronunciation) Section A, 1b and 1c Conversation 1 Emma: Hi, Yaming. What are you doing? Yaming: Hi, Emma. I’m starting to test on animals and plants. Emma: Sounds fun. Let’s take it together. Yaming: OK. First question. What’s the largest animal in the world? Emma: It’s the blue whale, right? Yaming: Right. It’s also the heaviest animal on earth. Next question. Which animal runs the fastest? Emma: Oh wait! I just read about it. The cheetah runs the fastest. Yaming: Right again! And I think it’s the most beautiful animal in the world. Emma: I completely agree with you. Conversation 2 Yaming: Now let’s answer the questions about plants. What is the oldest plant in the world? Emma: Hmm, I’m not sure. Do you have any idea? Yaming: Well, I think moss is one of the oldest plants. It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago ... Oh, look here. I'm correct! Emma: Interesting! Let's go on! Yaming:Which kind of tree is the tallest in the world?  Emma:The redwood tree, right? Yaming: Yes! I hope I can see some someday. 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. the blue ______ 蓝鲸 2. the ______ animal 最大的动物 3. * visit the ______ forests 参观红杉林 4. not only ______ 不止一次 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. ______ n. 苔藓 2. ______ n. 猎豹 【重点短语】1.whale 2.largest/biggest 3.redwood 4.once 短语中未涉及词汇：1.moss 2.cheetah 【重点句子】 1. What's amazing about the blue whale? 蓝鲸有什么令人惊叹之处? 2. I visited the redwood forests in California not only once. 我不止一次游览过加利福尼亚州的红杉林。 重点讲解 1. once 单词 once adv. 一次;曾经 conj. 一旦 探究 once 作副词,意为"一次;曾经";作连词,意为"一旦"。 搭配 • at once 立刻;马上(=right away) • once in a while 偶尔;有时候(=sometimes) • once upon a time 从前 • once more/again 再次(发生);又一次 • not only once 不仅仅一次 例如: ①He cleans his car ______ every two weeks. 他每两周洗一次车。 ②He ______ lived in China. 他曾在中国生活过。 ③Come here ______ ______ ! 马上到这里来! ④I looked at myself in the mirror ______ ______. 我又看了一眼镜子里的自己。 ⑤______ the rain ______, we will go out to play. 一旦雨停了,我们就出去玩。 ⑥______ ______ ______ ______, a kind old man lived here. 从前,一位善良的老人住在这里。 ①once ②once ③at once ④ once more/again ⑤Once stops ⑥Once upon a time 课堂即学即练 1. Chongqing is one of ______ (big) cities in China. 2. Once it ______ (snow), the children will go out to make a snowman. 3. Lucy goes to the movies once a week. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ does Lucy go to the movies? 4. 有时候,我喜欢看恐怖电影。(完成译句) ______ in a ______, I like to watch scary movies. 【课堂即学即练】1.the biggest 2.snows 3.How often4.Once while 第二课时 (Section A 2a-2e) Section A, 2a and 2d Ella: Oh, what’s that, Chen Jie? It’s so beautiful! Chen Jie: Thanks. It’s a folding fan. I bought it last year. Ella: Oh! It has a painting of bamboo on it. Chen Jie: Yeah. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. It’s a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture. Ella: I didn’t know that before. So, where did you get that fan? Chen Jie: At the Bamboo Sea in Sichuan, the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China. I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. Ella: Really? Like what? Chen Jie: Well, bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in one day. Also, it’s one of the most useful plants in the world. People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. Ella: Oh, that’s interesting. I remember pandas love to eat bamboo too, right? Chen Jie: Exactly! Actually, we eat bamboo shoots too. They’re really delicious. 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. * a ______ fan 一把折扇 2. * a painting of ______ 一幅竹子画 3. * a symbol of ______ 美好的象征 4. in Chinese ______ 在中国文化中 5. one of the ______-growing plants 生长最快的植物之一 6. ______ houses 建造房屋 7. * make ______ and instruments 制作工具和乐器 8. * eat bamboo ______ 吃竹笋 9. * ______ in Chinese paintings 出现在中国画中 10. be ______ in 对……感兴趣 11. * a ______ subject in Chinese paintings 中国画中一个受欢迎的主题 12. * feel ______ to do sth 可以随便做某事 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. ______ interj. 是的;对 2. ______ adv. 实际上;居然 【重点短语】1.folding 2.bamboo 3.goodness 4.culture 5.fastest 6.build 7.tools 8.shoots 9.appear 10.interested 11.popular 12.free短语中未涉及词汇：1.yeah 2.actually 【词形变换】 1. folding adj. 折叠式的;可折叠的→fold v. 折叠;对折 2. popular adj. 广受欢迎的;流行的→popularity n. 流行 3. goodness n. 美德;营养→good adj. 好的 4. actually adv. 实际上;居然→actual adj. 真实的;实际的 5. shoot n. 幼苗;嫩芽 v. 开(枪);射击→shot(过去式) 6. appear v. 出现;呈现→appearance n. 外表;露面→disappear(反义词) 【重点句子】 1. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 2. Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 竹子在中国似乎是一种非常受欢迎的植物。 重点讲解 1. popular 单词 popular adj. 广受欢迎的;流行的 popularity n. 流行 探究 表示"受到某两个人群的喜爱"时,后面介词不用 between。 搭配 • be popular with/among... 受到某人群的喜爱 • win/lose popularity with/among... 受/不受到某人群的喜爱 • be popular in+地点 在某地受到喜爱 例如: ①It is ______ ______ teachers and students. 它在师生中很受欢迎。 ②These cute toys win great ______ among children. 这些可爱的玩具在孩子们中赢得了很高的人气。 ①popular among/with ②popularity 2. actually 单词 actually adv. 事实上;实际上;居然 actual adj. 真实的;实际的 探究 actually 用于强调事实,意为"事实上";也可表示想法与事实不一致因而惊奇,意为"居然";或用于礼貌地纠正他人,意为"实际上;事实上",此用法相当于"in fact"。例如: ①The woman's ______ age is unknown. 那位女士的实际年龄无人知晓。 ②What did she ______ say? 她到底是怎么说的? ③We're not Japanese. ______, we're Chinese. 我们不是日本人。实际上,我们是中国人。 ④He told me he hated apples, but he ______ ate three. 他跟我说他讨厌苹果,可他居然吃了三个。 ①actual ②actually ③Actually ④actually 3. shoot 单词 shoot n. 嫩芽;幼苗 v. (shot) 开(枪);射击;拍摄 探究 shoot 可作及物或不及物动词使用,注意其过去式的正确拼写。 搭配 • shoot (at) sb/sth 朝……开枪 • shoot a gun 开枪 • shoot a movie 拍摄电影 例如: ①The hunter ______ ______ the deer in the forest, but missed it. 猎人在森林里朝鹿开了枪,但没打中。 ②He was learning how ______ a gun. 他当时正在学习如何开枪。 ③They spent a whole month ______ a movie in the mountains. 他们在山里花了一整月拍摄一部电影。 ①shot at ②to shoot ③shooting 4. appear 单词 appear v. 出现;呈现 appearance n. 出现;外表 探究 appear 的反义词为 disappear。作实义动词时,为不及物动词。【拓展】可作系动词 搭配 • appear (to be) + adj./n. 看起来……；好像是…… • appear to do sth 似乎 / 好像做某事 • It appears (that)… 看来 / 似乎…… 例如: ①He ______ ______ at the party last night. 他昨晚没有在晚会上出现。 ②As the night fell, the stars ______ in the sky. 随着夜幕降临,天空中出现了星星。 ③His sudden ______ made me feel surprised. 他的突然出现让我感到很惊讶。 ①didn't appear ②appeared ③appearance 作系动词,后面常跟形容词、名词、不定式作表语或从句,意为"看来;好像"。例如: ①He tried hard to appear interested in it. 他努力地显得对它很感兴趣。 ②They appear to know what is happening now. 他们似乎知道正在发生什么。 ③It appears that the weather will turn sunny tomorrow. 看来明天天气会转晴。 教材典句解析 Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。(教材 P33,2a) 5. "one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数" 意为"最……之一"。当此结构在句中作主语时,谓语动词需与 one 保持数的一致,采用单数形式。例如: ①China is one of ______ ______ ______ in the world. 中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。 ②One of the biggest cities in China ______ Shanghai. 中国最大的城市之一是上海。 ①the oldest countries ②is Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. 确实如此!实际上我们也吃竹笋。(教材 P33,2a) 6. exactly 基本含义为"确切地"。在口语中,"exactly"表示肯定他人观点,意为"正是如此;没错;完全正确"。"not exactly"作为一种委婉的"不"的表达,当他人所言不完全正确或与事实有出入时,用它委婉指出,意为"不完全是;未必如此"。例如: ①—So, we should leave at 8 o'clock. —______. —所以,我们应该8点出发。—没错。 ②—The party was a great success. —______ ______. Many people left early. —这次聚会非常成功。—并非如此。很多人都提前离开了。 ①Exactly ②Not exactly Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 竹子在中国似乎是一种非常受欢迎的植物。(教材 P34,2e) 7. seem 在句中用作系动词,其后可接不定式、名词或形容词作表语,表达"看似……"的含义。 • seem+(to be)+adj./n. 似乎(是)…… • seem like+n. 看起来像…… • seem+不定式=It seems that... 看似…… 例如: ①He ______ a nice man. 他看来是个好人。 ②You seem ______ today. 你今天好像挺高兴。 ③They seem ______ ______ what they are doing. = ______ ______ that they know what they're doing. 看来,他们知道自己在干什么。 ④It seemed ______ a good idea at the time. 当时这主意好像不错。 ①seems ②happy ③to know It seems ④like 课堂即学即练 1. ______ (actual), it would be much easier to do it later. 2. The two rooms are ______ (exact) the same size. 3. Feel free ______ (ask) me any questions if you don't understand. 4. Robert shot the ball and got three points. (改为一般疑问句) ______ Robert ______ the ball and get three points? 5. The world's first computer mouse appeared in 1964. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ the world's first computer mouse appear? 6. Anna seems angry. (改为同义句) ______ ______ that Anna is angry. 7. 这本书是我读过的最有趣的书之一。(完成译句) This book is one of the ______ interesting ______ I have ever read. 8. 长长的面条是长寿的象征。(完成译句) Long noodles are a ______ ______ long life. 9. boys, very, basketball, among, is, popular (连词成句) _________________________________________________________________. 【课堂即学即练】1.Actually 2.exactly 3.to ask 4.Did shoot 5.When did 6.It seems 7.most books 8.symbol of 9.Basketball is very popular among boys 第三课时 (Grammar Focus 3a-3c) 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. the ______ animal 最重的动物 2. * the ______ elephant 非洲象 3. run ______ 跑得最快 4. * ______ all ______ animals 在所有陆地动物中 5. the ______ plant 最有用的植物 6. the ______ plant 最有趣的植物 7. love pandas ______ 最喜欢熊猫 8. * have the most colourful ______ 拥有最色彩斑斓的翅膀 9. * the tree ______ 树蛙 10. ______ earth 在地球上 11. ______ ______ to three metres tall 高达三米 12. * ______ up to 860 kg 重达860千克 13. a symbol ______ hope and long life 希望和长寿的象征 14. * in Shaanxi ______ 在陕西省 15. ______ of tourists 成千上万的游客 16. ______ China 全中国 17. * take a ______ 散步 18. bring ______ to their heart 给他们的内心带来快乐 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. ______ n. 玫瑰;蔷薇 2. ______ n. 牡丹;芍药 3. ______ n. 莲花 4. ______ n. 蝴蝶 5. ______ 千克;公斤 6. ______ n. 银杏 【重点短语】1.heaviest 2.African 3.the fastest 4.amongland 5.most useful 6.most interesting 7.the best8.wings 9.frog 10.on 11.stand up 12.weigh13.of 14.Province 15.thousands 16.across 17.walk18.joy 短语中未涉及词汇：1.rose 2.peony 3.lotus 4.butterfly 5.kg(=kilogram)6.ginkgo 【词形变换】 1. African adj. 非洲的;非洲人的 n. 非洲人→Africa n. 非洲 2. butterfly n. 蝴蝶→butterflies(复数) 3. weigh v. 有……重;称重量→weight n. 重量 【重点句子】 1. Which do you think is the most beautiful, the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower? 玫瑰、牡丹、莲花,你认为哪种最美? 2. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the best time to see it. 每年都有成千上万的游客前来观赏它,尤其是在十月中旬,因为那是观赏它的最佳时节。 重点讲解 1. weigh 单词 weigh v. 有……重;称重量 weight n. 重量 探究 weigh 作及物动词时,意为"称重量";作系动词时,后面跟数词,表示重达多少。 搭配 • weigh sb/sth 称重量 • weigh 100 kg 重达100公斤 • put on/lose weight 长胖/减肥 例如: ①Can you ______ the bag for me? I want to know how heavy it is. 你能帮我称一下这个袋子吗?我想知道它有多重。 ②My little brother ______ 30 kg now. 我弟弟现在重达30公斤。 ③How much do you ______? = What's your ______? 你多重? ④I ate a lot of ice cream and ______ ______ ______ quickly. 我吃了好多冰激凌,很快就长胖了。 ⑤My mum is trying to ______ ______ because she wants to be healthier. 我妈妈正在努力减肥,因为她想更健康。 ①weigh ②weighs ③weigh weight④put on weight ⑤lose weight 教材典句解析 Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the best time to see it. 每年都有成千上万的游客前来观赏它,尤其是在十月中旬,因为那是观赏它的最佳时节。(教材 P35,3c) 2. as 在句中作连词,意为"由于"。as 作连词时,常见用法如下: 词义 例句 一边……一边…… The students took notes as ______ ______. 学生们边听课边做笔记。 当……的时候 I saw him as ______ ______ ______ . 我正在跑步时,看到了他。 因为 You can go first as ______ ______ _____. 你可以第一个去,因为你年纪最大。 正如;像……一样 You should do it as ______ ______ ______. 你应该按照我之前告诉你的那样做。 they listened I was running you're the oldest I told you 课堂即学即练 1. We all like him as he is very kind. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ you all like him? 2. What's the weight of the panda? (改为同义句) How much ______ the panda ______? 3. No other animals in the zoo are heavier than the elephant. (改为同义句) The elephant is ______ ______ animal in the zoo. 4. 冬天,成千上万只鸟飞往南方。(完成译句) ______ ______ birds fly south in winter. 5. 罗伯特喜欢下班后去公园散步。(完成译句) Robert likes to ______ a ______ in the park after work. 6. 自从他不再锻炼后,体重就增加了。(完成译句) He ______ ______ weight after he stopped exercising. 7. most, are, popular, fruits, among, the, apples, all (连词成句) _________________________________________________________________. 【课堂即学即练】1.Why do 2.does weigh 3.the heaviest 4.Thousands of 5.take walk 6.put on 7.Apples are the most popular among all fruits 第四课时 (Section B 1a-1f) Section B 1b We Can't Live Without Bees Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel? Disappointed? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants grow. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is. Bees are an important part of the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. They need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. * be ______ with us 与我们有关联 2. ______ this moment 此刻;在这个时候 3. * the best examples of this ______ 这种联系的最佳例子 4. ______ 50 to 100 flowers 采50到100朵花的花蜜 5. fly from one flower to ______ 从一朵花飞到另一朵花 6. * ______ fact 事实上 7. * ______ their work 没有它们的劳作 8. * 80 ______ ______ of the plants 百分之八十的植物 9. * ______ this reason 出于这个原因 10. * on this ______ 在这个星球上 11. * in order to ______ ______ 为了储存蜂蜜 12. * create ______ 建造蜂巢 13. * ______ a part in... 参与…… 14. * the ______ of our planet 我们星球的生态系统 15. the ______ of bees 蜜蜂的数量 16. * ______ animals 保护动物 17. * another ______ for the text 这篇文章的另一个标题 18. * the connection between ______ and other insects 人类与其他昆虫之间的联系 19. * be home ______ many birds 是许多鸟类的栖息地 短语中未涉及词汇: 1. ______ v. 想象;猜想 2. ______ adj. 失望的;沮丧的 3. ______ n. 授粉 4. ______ n. 花粉 5. ______ n. 行动;行为 6. ______ v. 交流;沟通 7. ______ n. 重要性 8. ______ n. 蚂蚁 【重点短语】1.connected 2.at 3.connection 4.visit 5.another 6.in 7.without 8.per cent 9.for 10.planet 11.store honey 12.honeycombs 13.play 14.ecosystem 15.number 16.protect 17.title 18.humans 19.to短语中未涉及词汇：1.imagine 2.disappointed 3.pollination 4.pollen 5.action6.communicate 7.importance 8.ant 【词形变换】 1. connect v. 关联;连接→connected adj. 连接的;相关的→connection n. 联系;连接 2. imagine v. 想象;猜想→imagination n. 想象力;想象 3. disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappoint v. 使失望;使破灭 4. action n. 行动;行为→act v. 行动 5. communicate v. 交流;沟通→communication n. 交流 6. protect v. 保护;防护→protection n. 保护 7. importance n. 重要性→important adj. 重要的 8. human n. 人 adj. 人的;人类的→humans(复数) 【重点句子】 1. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. 事实上,没有它们的劳作,世界上大约百分之八十的植物就无法生长。 2. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 为了储存蜂蜜,它们建造了蜂巢。 3. Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. 另一个关于蜜蜂的有趣的事是它们如何交流。 4. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。 重点讲解 1. connect 单词 connect v. 关联;连接 connection n. 联系;连接 connected adj. 相连的;相关的 探究 一般用来表示"将(某人、某物与某事物)联系起来"。 搭配 • connect ... with ... 将……与……联系起来 • be connected with ... 与……联系、有关 • be connected to 与……相连 • a connection between ... and ... ……与……之间的联系 例如: ①We often ______ Chongqing ______ hot pot. 我们经常把重庆同火锅联系起来。 ②His illness is ______ ______ his bad eating habits. 他的病和他不好的饮食习惯有关。 ③There is a close ______ ______ hard work and good grades. 努力学习和好成绩之间有紧密的联系。 ④My phone is ______ ______ the Wi-Fi. 我的手机连接上了无线网络。 ①connect with ②connected with③connection between ④connected to 2. imagine 单词 imagine v. 想象 imagination n. 想象力;想象 搭配 • imagine doing sth 想象做某事 • imagine that ... 想象……(后面跟宾语从句) • with a little imagination 用一点点想象力 例如: ①I can imagine ______ in the sky like a bird. 我能想象像鸟儿一样在天空飞翔。 ②With a little ______, we can turn this old box into a toy house. 用一点点想象力,我们可以把这个旧盒 子变成一个玩具屋。 ①flying②imagination 【拓展】imagine 后面跟宾语从句,要用陈述句语序。例如:I can't imagine what the world will be like. 我无法想象未来世界会怎样。 3. disappointed 单词 disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的 disappoint v. 令某人失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望 搭配 • feel disappointed at/by sth 对……感到失望 • feel disappointed in sb 对某人失望 • feel disappointed to see/hear ... 看到/听到……感到很失望 • feel disappointed that ... 感到失望的是…… • make sb feel disappointed=disappoint sb 令某人失望 例如: ①He made his parents feel ______. = He ______ his parents. 他让父母失望了。 ②They were disappointed ______ the result of the game. 他们对比赛的结果很失望。 ③I am really disappointed ______ you. 我对你很失望。 ④He was disappointed ______ she wasn't at the party. 看到她没来参加晚会,他感到很失望。 ①disappointed disappointed ②at/by③in ④to see 4. per cent 单词 per cent n. 百分之…… 探究 per cent 始终以单数形式出现,而谓语动词的单复数形式由主语所表达的意义决定。 搭配 • 数词+per cent of ... 百分之几的…… • How many per cent of ...? = What per cent of ...? 百分之几的……?(用来提问) 例如: ①Ten ______ ______ ______ the students have health problems in this school. 这个学校百分之十的学生有健康问题。 ②About fifty per cent of the water ______ still in the bottle. 大约一半的水还在瓶子里。 ③______ ______ per cent of the students do not exercise at all? = ______ ______ ______ of the students do not exercise at all? 百分之几的学生完全不锻炼? ④①per cent of ②is ③How many What per cent 5. protect 单词 protect v. 保护; 防护 protection n. 保护 探究 作及物动词使用,强调保护某人或某物免受某种伤害。 搭配 • protect ... from ... 保护……免受……的伤害 • protect the environment 保护环境 • the protection of ... ……的保护 例如: ①This coat will ______ you ______ the cold. 这件外套能保护你免受寒冷。 ②Everyone should play a part in the ______ of birds. 每个人都应该在鸟类保护中发挥作用。 ①protect from ②protection 教材典句解析 In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. 事实上,没有它们的劳作,世界上大约百分之八十的植物就无法生长。(教材 P36,1b) 6. without 作为介词,意思是"没有",它后面可以接名词、代词或者动词的-ing 形式。例如: ①They left without ______ goodbye. 他们甚至没有告别就离开了。 ②We can't finish it without ______ ______. = We can't finish it if you don't help us. 没有你的帮助,我们就完不成它。 ③He went to the store without ______. 他没带她一起去商店。 ①saying ②your help ③her In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 为了储存蜂蜜,它们建造了蜂巢。(教材 P36,1b) 7. in order to do "In order to store honey"在句中作目的状语,相当于不定式"To store honey"。当这两种结构位于句首时,需用逗号将它们与句子的其他部分隔开;而当它们处于句末时,则无需使用逗号进行隔开。不定式"to do sth"还可用于回答"why"类询问目的的问题。例如: ①In order ______ healthy, we should eat more vegetables. 为了保持健康,我们应该多吃蔬菜。 ②They saved money ______ ______ ______ buy a new bike. 他们存钱是为了买一辆新自行车。 ③—Why do you take exercise every day? —______ keep healthy. —你为什么要每天运动?—为了保持健庿。 ①to keep ②in order to ③To Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。(教材 P36,1b) 8. play an important part in 意为"在……中发挥重要作用"。与 part 相关短语搭配如下: • play a part/role in ... 在……中发挥作用 • take part in 参与某事 • do your part 尽自己的职责 例如: ①Trees play ______ big ______ ______ making the air clean. 树木在净化空气方面发挥着很大作用。 ②Everyone ______ ______ ______ cleaning the house yesterday. 昨天每个人都参与了房屋清扫。 ③Do ______ ______ and clean your room every week. 尽你的职责,每周打扫你的房间。 ①a role/partin ②took part in ③your part 课堂即学即练 1. I was late for school this morning. ______ this reason, I missed the first class. 2. This park is home ______ many birds. 3. Fifteen per cent of the students watch TV every day. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ ______ of the students watch TV every day? 4. The number of the students in our school is 3,600. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ the number of the students in your school? 5. He hopes that he will not make us disappointed this time. (改为同义句) He hopes that he will not ______ ______ this time. 6. Actually, he is much smarter than he seems. (改为同义句) ______ ______, he is much smarter than he seems. 7. 互联网与我们的日常生活紧密相连。(完成译句) The Internet is closely ______ ______ our daily life. 8. 为了保护你的眼睛,你有时应该环顾四周来让眼睛放松一下。(完成译句) In order ______ ______ your eyes, you should look around to relax them sometimes. 9. 每个人都应该在环保方面发挥作用。(完成译句) Everyone should ______ a ______ in environmenta l protection. 10. imagine, can, without, living, you, plants (连词成句) _________________________________________________________________. 【课堂即学即练】1.For 2.to 3.What per cent4.What is 5.disappoint us 6.In fact 7.connected with 8.to protect 9.play role/part 10.Can you imagine living without plants 第五课时 (Section B 2a-Reflecting) 【重点短语】 (单词表中的本课时词汇均在 * 短语中设空) 短语 中文 1. * feel ______ 感到失望 2. * some ______ 一些蘑菇 3. use bamboo baskets to ______ food 使用竹篮来储存食物 4. put ... in your ______ 把……放进你的行李里 5. ______ a lot to me 对我意义重大 6. * ______ an important ______ in 在……中扮演重要角色 7. * be about the ______ of a ______ 大约有一颗豌豆那么大 8. as big as a ______ hand 和人的手一样大 9. eat ______ 吃昆虫 10. in ______ 在自然界中 11. live on ______ 生活在陆地上 12. * in studies on ______ change 在关于气候变化的研究中 13. * weigh as much as 200 ______ 重达200吨 14. * in all ______ ______ the Arctic Ocean 在除了北冰洋之外的所有海洋里 15. * the ______ animals 最微小的动物 16. four tons ______ these 四吨这些东西 17. * live ______ to 90 years 活到90岁 18. ______ for over a year 持续一年多 19. * create a ______ and healthy ecosystem 创造一个充满生机且健康的生态系统 短语中未涉及词汇: ______ n. 幸福;快乐 【重点短语】1.disappointed 2.mushrooms 3.store 4.luggage 5.mean 6.play role 7.size pea 8.human 9.insects 10.nature 11.land 12.climate 13.tons 14.oceans except 15.tiniest 16.of 17.up 18.last 19.lively短语中未涉及词汇：happiness 【词形变换】 happiness n. 幸福;快乐→happy adj. 快乐的;高兴的 【重点句子】 1. The smallest frogs are about the size of a pea, while larger ones can grow as big as a human hand. 最小的青蛙仅有豌豆大小,而较大的种类却能长到人类手掌一样大。 2. It can weigh as much as 200 tons. 它的重量可达200吨之多。 重点讲解 1. except 单词 except prep. 除……之外 conj. 除了;只是 探究 except 意为"除……之外",用于表示排除关系,蕴含"减除"意味,即不包含其后所提及的对象;besides 意为"除……之外(还)",表示一种累加关系,即额外增添后面提到的对象。两者作介词时,后面若跟动词,要用-ing 形式。例如: 搭配 • except/besides+名词/代词/动名词 除……之外 ①Everyone went to the party ______ Tom. 除了汤姆,所有人都去参加派对了。(不包括Tom) ②______ English, she also studies French. 除了英语,她还学习了法语。(包括English) ③I like all sports except ______. 我喜欢所有的运动,除了跑步。 ④Besides ______ football, he often goes swimming on weekends. 除了踢足球,他周末还经常去游泳。 【拓展】Nobody but/except sb ... 意为"只有某人……"。例如:Nobody but/except you will help him out. 只有你会去帮助他。 ①except ②Besides ③running④playing 教材典句解析 It can weigh as much as 200 tons. 它的重量可达200吨之多。(教材 P39,3a) 2. 【辨析】as much as与as many as 在表达数量程度时,选用 as much as 还是 as many as,取决于所涉及的概念。当涉及重量(如200 tons)、水、时间、金钱等概念时,通常将其视作不可数的整体,故而用 as much as。当表示其他可以逐个计数的概念,即视为可数名词时,要用 as many as 来强调"多达……"。两者都等于 up to。例如: ①The bucket can carry ______ ______ ______ 10 kilograms of water. 这个水桶能装多达10千克的水。 ②This new bike costs ______ ______ ______ 500 yuan. 这辆新自行车的价格高达500元。 ③The dining hall can hold ______ ______ ______ 500 people. 这个餐厅能容纳多达500人。 ④The factory makes ______ ______ ______ 1,000 cars per day. 这家工厂每天生产多达1000辆汽车。 ①as much as ②as much as③as many as ④as many as 课堂即学即练 1. This old photo means a lot ______ me because it was taken with my grandparents. 2. We were ______ (disappoint) that they couldn't go. 3. She has the ______ (tiny) hands among all the girls in our class. 4. Our school sports meeting lasted for three days. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ did your school sports meeting last for? 5. It can cost up to 10,000 dollars. (改为同义句) It can cost ______ ______ as 10,000 dollars. 6. Exercise is important for keeping healthy. (改为同义句) Exercise ______ an important ______ in keeping healthy. 7. 除了我之外,他们都会游泳。(完成译句) They all know how to swim ______ ______. 8. 除了做家庭作业之外,我周末还帮父母做家务。(完成译句) ______ ______ my homework, I also help my parents with the housework on weekends. 【课堂即学即练】1.to 2.disappointed 3.tiniest 4.Howlong 5.as much 6.plays role/part 7.except me8.Besides doing 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $