Unit 2 Strong mind 词汇+音标+词义+例句+派生词+短语+例句+词性转换练习+语法填空练习+翻译 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）六年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了6年级上册新沪教版五四制上海专用Unit 2 "Strong mind"的核心词汇体系。从词汇基础要素（音标、词性、词义）出发，延伸至派生词、同义词、反义词拓展，再通过例句、常见搭配及易混词辨析构建应用支架，形成完整的词汇学习链路。 知识链路按“基础认知-拓展深化-语境应用”逻辑清晰呈现，配套词性转换、语法填空等多样化练习。通过对比辨析易混词、结合主题语境设计例句，助力学生提升语言运用能力与思维辨析品质，体现“学用结合”的学科特色学习方法。

Unit 2 Strong mind 词汇+音标+词义+例句+派生词+短语+例句+词性转换练习+语法填空练习+翻译 （6年级上册新沪教版五四制上海专用） 一、核心词汇（单词 + 音标 + 词义 + 例句 + 派生词+词汇拓展+....） 1. mind ★音标：/maɪnd/ ★词性：n./v. ★词义：想法；介意 ★例句：Have a strong mind. ★例句翻译：有一个强大的意志。 ★拓展：mind doing (介意做……) ★同义词：brain (大脑), care (介意) ★反义词：ignore (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ make up one's mind 下定决心 ★ never mind 没关系 ★易混词： ★ mine (我的) —— 拼写相似，注意区分。 2. do well in ★音标：/duː wel ɪn/ ★词性：phr. v. ★词义：擅长做…… ★例句：She does well in singing. ★例句翻译：她擅长唱歌。 ★拓展：= be good at doing sth. ★同义词：excel in (擅长) ★反义词：do badly in (不擅长) ★常见搭配： ★ do well in English 英语学得好 ★易混词： ★ do well vs. be good at —— 同义，仅表达方式不同。 3. get along with ★音标：/ɡet əˈlɒŋ wɪð/ ★词性：phr. v. ★词义：与……相处 ★例句：I get along well with my classmates. ★例句翻译：我和同学们相处得很好。 ★拓展：get on with (同义) ★同义词：relate to (相处) ★反义词：fight with (与……争吵) ★常见搭配： ★ get along well with 与……相处得好 ★易混词： ★ get along vs. get on —— 同义，get on 更常用于英式英语。 4. accept ★音标：/əkˈsept/ ★词性：v. ★词义：接受 ★例句：Accept who you are. ★例句翻译：接受你自己。 ★拓展：acceptance (n. 接受) ★同义词：receive (收到), embrace (欣然接受) ★反义词：refuse (拒绝) ★常见搭配： ★ accept an invitation 接受邀请 ★易混词： ★ except (除了) —— 拼写相似，注意区分。 5. radio ★音标：/ˈreɪdiəʊ/ ★词性：n. ★词义：广播 ★例句：I heard the news on the radio. ★例句翻译：我在广播上听到了这个消息。 ★拓展：radios (复数) ★同义词：broadcast (广播) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ on the radio 在广播上 ★ radio station 广播电台 ★易混词： ★ video (视频) —— radio是音频，video是视频。 6. fear ★音标：/fɪə/ ★词性：n. ★词义：害怕 ★例句：Everyone can speak out without fear. ★例句翻译：每个人都可以没有恐惧地大声说出来。 ★拓展：fearless (adj. 无畏的) ★同义词：terror (恐惧), fright (惊吓) ★反义词：courage (勇气) ★常见搭配： ★ in fear of 担心/害怕 ★ without fear 毫无恐惧 ★易混词： ★ ear (耳朵) —— 拼写相似，注意区分。 7. be afraid of ★音标：/biː əˈfreɪd ɒv/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：害怕…… ★例句：I am afraid of dogs. ★例句翻译：我害怕狗。 ★拓展：= fear (v.) ★同义词：be scared of (害怕) ★反义词：be brave about (勇敢面对) ★常见搭配： ★ be afraid of doing 害怕做…… ★易混词： ★ be afraid to do vs. be afraid of doing —— afraid to do指不敢做，afraid of doing指担心某事发生。 8. take...as... ★音标：/teɪk æz/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：把……当作…… ★例句：I take my deep voice as a special gift. ★例句翻译：我把我低沉的声音当作一个特殊的天赋。 ★拓展：= regard...as... ★同义词：see...as (视为) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ take it as a lesson 把它当作教训 ★易混词： ★ take...for...（误认为）—— take...as是"当作"，take...for是"误认为"。 9. deep ★音标：/diːp/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：深的 ★例句：The water is deep. ★例句翻译：水很深。 ★拓展：deeply (adv. 深深地) ★同义词：profound (深邃的) ★反义词：shallow (浅的) ★常见搭配： ★ deep breath 深呼吸 ★ deep voice 低沉的声音 ★易混词： ★ dip（蘸）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 10. rough ★音标：/rʌf/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：粗糙的 ★例句：His voice is rough. ★例句翻译：他的声音很粗糙。 ★拓展：roughly (adv. 粗糙地；大约) ★同义词：coarse (粗糙的) ★反义词：smooth (光滑的) ★常见搭配： ★ rough road 崎岖的道路 ★易混词： ★ tough（坚韧的）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 11. perform ★音标：/pəˈfɔːm/ ★词性：v. ★词义：表演 ★例句：She will perform on stage. ★例句翻译：她将在舞台上表演。 ★拓展：performance (n. 表演) → performer (n. 表演者) ★同义词：act (表演), play (演奏) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ perform well 表现得好 ★易混词： ★ reform（改革）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 12. hobby ★音标：/ˈhɒbi/ ★词性：n. ★词义：爱好 ★例句：My hobbies are reading and swimming. ★例句翻译：我的爱好是阅读和游泳。 ★拓展：hobbies (复数) ★同义词：interest (兴趣), pastime (消遣) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ develop a hobby 培养爱好 ★易混词： ★ habit (习惯) —— hobby是爱好，habit是习惯。 13. belief ★音标：/bɪˈliːf/ ★词性：n. ★词义：信念 ★例句：I have a strong belief in myself. ★例句翻译：我有强烈的自我信念。 ★拓展：believe (v. 信任) → believable (adj. 可信的) ★同义词：faith (信仰), trust (信任) ★反义词：doubt (怀疑) ★常见搭配： ★ have belief in 相信…… ★易混词： ★ relief（缓解）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 14. weak ★音标：/wiːk/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：虚弱的 ★例句：He feels weak after being ill. ★例句翻译：生病后他感到虚弱。 ★拓展：weakness (n. 弱势) ★同义词：feeble (虚弱的) ★反义词：strong (强壮的) ★常见搭配： ★ weak point 弱点 ★易混词： ★ week（星期）—— 发音相同，拼写不同。 15. special ★音标：/ˈspeʃl/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：特殊的 ★例句：This is a special day for me. ★例句翻译：对我来说这是一个特殊的日子。 ★拓展：specially (adv. 特别地) ★同义词：unique (独特的), particular (特别的) ★反义词：ordinary (普通的) ★常见搭配： ★ special gift 特殊天赋 ★易混词： ★ specific（具体的）—— special强调特别，specific强调具体。 16. important ★音标：/ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：重要的 ★例句：It's important to be honest. ★例句翻译：诚实很重要。 ★拓展：importance (n. 重要性) ★同义词：significant (重要的), vital (关键的) ★反义词：unimportant (不重要的) ★常见搭配： ★ play an important role 发挥重要作用 ★易混词： ★ import（进口）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 17. follow ★音标：/ˈfɒləʊ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：跟随；遵守 ★例句：Follow your own heart. ★例句翻译：遵从自己的内心。 ★拓展：following (adj. 接下来的) ★同义词：obey (遵守), chase (追赶) ★反义词：lead (带领) ★常见搭配： ★ follow advice 听从建议 ★易混词： ★ fellow（伙伴）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 18. face ★音标：/feɪs/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：面对；脸 ★例句：We should face difficulties bravely. ★例句翻译：我们应该勇敢地面对困难。 ★拓展：facial (adj. 面部的) ★同义词：meet with (面对), confront (正视) ★反义词：avoid (逃避) ★常见搭配： ★ face difficulties = meet with difficulties 面对困难 ★ face to face 面对面 ★易混词： ★ surface（表面）—— 拼写相关，注意区分。 19. run ★音标：/rʌn/ ★词性：v. ★词义：经营 ★例句：He runs a big company. ★例句翻译：他经营一家大公司。 ★拓展：runner (n. 跑步者；经营者) ★同义词：manage (管理), operate (经营) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ run a programme 经营一个项目 ★易混词： ★ run vs. manage —— run较口语化，manage更正式。 20. teenager ★音标：/ˈtiːneɪdʒə/ ★词性：n. ★词义：青少年 ★例句：Teenagers like to listen to music. ★例句翻译：青少年喜欢听音乐。 ★拓展：teenage (adj. 青少年的) ★同义词：youth (年轻人) ★反义词：adult (成年人) ★常见搭配： ★ teenage life 青少年生活 ★易混词： ★ tween（10-12岁儿童）—— 年龄阶段不同。 21. go after ★音标：/ɡəʊ ˈɑːftə/ ★词性：phr. v. ★词义：追逐 ★例句：We should go after our dreams. ★例句翻译：我们应该追逐我们的梦想。 ★拓展：= chase (v.) ★同义词：pursue (追求), seek (追寻) ★反义词：give up (放弃) ★常见搭配： ★ go after one's dream 追逐某人的梦想 ★易混词： ★ go for（争取）—— go after强调追逐过程，go for强调目标。 22. seem ★音标：/siːm/ ★词性：v. (系动词) ★词义：似乎 ★例句：He seems to be happy. ★例句翻译：他似乎很高兴。 ★拓展：seemingly (adv. 表面上) ★同义词：appear (似乎), look (看起来) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ seem to do 似乎在做…… ★ It seems that... 似乎…… ★易混词： ★ seen（看见的过去分词）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 23. teach ★音标：/tiːtʃ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：教 ★例句：My mother teaches me to cook. ★例句翻译：我妈妈教我做饭。 ★拓展：taught (过去式/过去分词) → teacher (n. 老师) ★同义词：instruct (指导), educate (教育) ★反义词：learn (学习) ★常见搭配： ★ teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 ★易混词： ★ reach（到达）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 24. honest ★音标：/ˈɒnɪst/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：诚实的 ★例句：He is an honest boy. ★例句翻译：他是一个诚实的男孩。 ★拓展：honesty (n. 诚实) → dishonest (adj. 不诚实的) ★同义词：truthful (真实的), sincere (真诚的) ★反义词：dishonest (不诚实的) ★常见搭配： ★ to be honest 说实话 ★易混词： ★ honour（荣誉）—— 同根词，注意拼写。 25. hope ★音标：/həʊp/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：希望 ★例句：I hope to visit Beijing. ★例句翻译：我希望参观北京。 ★拓展：hopeful (adj. 有希望的) → hopeless (adj. 无望的) ★同义词：wish (希望), expect (期望) ★反义词：despair (绝望) ★常见搭配： ★ hope to do 希望做…… ★ I hope that... 我希望…… ★易混词： ★ hop（单脚跳）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 26. live ★音标：/lɪv/ (v.) /laɪv/ (adj.) ★词性：v./adj. ★词义：活着；活着的 ★例句：We live in a big city. ★例句翻译：我们住在一个大城市。 ★拓展：alive (adj. 活着的) → living (adj. 活着的) ★同义词：exist (存在), alive (活着的) ★反义词：die (死亡) ★常见搭配： ★ keep/stay/be alive 保持活着 ★ a living man 一个活着的男人 ★易混词： ★ live vs. life —— live是动词，life是名词。 27. think of ★音标：/θɪŋk ɒv/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：觉得……怎么样 ★例句：What do you think of the movie? ★例句翻译：你觉得这部电影怎么样？ ★拓展：= How do you like...? = How do you feel about...? ★同义词：consider (考虑) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ think about 思考 ★易混词： ★ think of vs. think about —— think of多指"看法"，think about多指"思考过程"。 28. happen ★音标：/ˈhæpən/ ★词性：v. ★词义：发生 ★例句：What happened to you? ★例句翻译：你发生了什么事？ ★拓展：happening (n. 事件) ★同义词：occur (发生), take place (发生) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 ★易混词： ★ happy（快乐的）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 29. dream of ★音标：/driːm ɒv/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：梦想做…… ★例句：I dream of becoming a teacher. ★例句翻译：我梦想成为一名老师。 ★拓展：dreamer (n. 梦想家) ★同义词：aspire to (渴望) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ dream of doing 梦想做某事 ★易混词： ★ dream about（梦见）—— dream of强调梦想目标，dream about指睡眠中梦见。 30. instead ★音标：/ɪnˈsted/ ★词性：adv. ★词义：代替 ★例句：Let's walk instead. ★例句翻译：我们改为步行吧。 ★拓展：instead of 而不是 ★同义词：rather (宁可) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ instead of doing 而不是做…… ★易混词： ★ instead vs. instead of —— instead单独使用，instead of后接名词/动名词。 31. disappoint ★音标：/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ ★词性：v. ★词义：令人失望 ★例句：The movie disappointed me. ★例句翻译：这部电影令我失望。 ★拓展：disappointed (adj. 感到失望的) → disappointing (adj. 令人失望的) ★同义词：let down (使失望) ★反义词：satisfy (使满意) ★常见搭配： ★ be disappointed in 对……感到失望 ★易混词： ★ disapprove（不赞同）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 32. respond ★音标：/rɪˈspɒnd/ ★词性：v. ★词义：回应 ★例句：Please respond to my question. ★例句翻译：请回应我的问题。 ★拓展：response (n. 回复) ★同义词：reply to (回复), answer (回答) ★反义词：ignore (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ respond to 对……回应 ★易混词： ★ respond vs. reply —— respond较正式，reply更常用。 33. after all ★音标：/ˈɑːftər ɔːl/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：毕竟 ★例句：He is a child after all. ★例句翻译：他毕竟是个孩子。 ★拓展：无 ★同义词：anyway (无论如何) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ after all 毕竟 ★易混词： ★ at all（完全）—— 意思不同，注意区分。 34. decide ★音标：/dɪˈsaɪd/ ★词性：v. ★词义：决定 ★例句：I decide to study harder. ★例句翻译：我决定更努力学习。 ★拓展：decision (n. 决定) ★同义词：determine (下定决心), choose (选择) ★反义词：hesitate (犹豫) ★常见搭配： ★ decide to do 决定做…… ★ make a decision to do 做出决定做…… ★易混词： ★ decide vs. determine —— decide强调选择，determine强调决心。 35. prepare ★音标：/prɪˈpeə/ ★词性：v. ★词义：准备 ★例句：I need to prepare for the exam. ★例句翻译：我需要为考试做准备。 ★拓展：preparation (n. 准备) → prepared (adj. 准备好的) ★同义词：get ready (准备) ★反义词：neglect (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ prepare for 为……做准备 ★易混词： ★ prepare vs. get ready —— prepare强调过程，get ready强调状态。 36. breath ★音标：/breθ/ ★词性：n. ★词义：呼吸 ★例句：Take a deep breath. ★例句翻译：深呼吸。 ★拓展：breathe (v. 呼吸) → breathing (n. 呼吸) ★同义词：respiration (呼吸，正式) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ take a deep breath 深呼吸 ★易混词： ★ breathe vs. breath —— breathe是动词，breath是名词。 37. crowd ★音标：/kraʊd/ ★词性：n. ★词义：人群 ★例句：There is a crowd of people in the square. ★例句翻译：广场上有一群人。 ★拓展：crowded (adj. 拥挤的) ★同义词：group (群), mass (大众) ★反义词：individual (个人) ★常见搭配： ★ a crowd of 一群 ★ be crowded with 充满了…… ★易混词： ★ crown（皇冠）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 38. as...as ★音标：/æz æz/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：和……一样 ★例句：She runs as fast as me. ★例句翻译：她跑得和我一样快。 ★拓展：not so/as...as 不如 ★同义词：to the same degree as ★反义词：not as...as (不如) ★常见搭配： ★ as + adj./adv. + as 和……一样 ★易混词： ★ as...as vs. so...as —— 否定句中用 not so/as...as 均可。 39. enter ★音标：/ˈentə/ ★词性：v. ★词义：进入 ★例句：Please enter the room quietly. ★例句翻译：请安静地进入房间。 ★拓展：entrance (n. 入口) ★同义词：come in (进来), go in (进去) ★反义词：exit (退出) ★常见搭配： ★ enter for 参加（比赛） ★ entrance exam 入学考试 ★易混词： ★ enter vs. come in —— enter较正式，come in更口语化。 40. design ★音标：/dɪˈzaɪn/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：设计 ★例句：She designed a beautiful dress. ★例句翻译：她设计了一条漂亮的裙子。 ★拓展：designer (n. 设计师) ★同义词：plan (计划), create (创造) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ design a programme 设计一个项目 ★易混词： ★ resign（辞职）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 41. compete ★音标：/kəmˈpiːt/ ★词性：v. ★词义：竞争 ★例句：We compete with other teams. ★例句翻译：我们与其他队伍竞争。 ★拓展：competition (n. 比赛) → competitor (n. 竞争者) ★同义词：contest (竞赛), rival (竞争) ★反义词：cooperate (合作) ★常见搭配： ★ compete with sb. 与……竞争 ★易混词： ★ complete（完成）—— 拼写相似，注意区分。 42. come with ★音标：/kʌm wɪð/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：伴随……而来 ★例句：A new chance comes with every disappointment. ★例句翻译：每次失望都带来一个新机会。 ★拓展：come along (出现) ★同义词：accompany (伴随) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ come with 伴随 ★易混词： ★ come up with（想出）—— 意思不同。 43. used to ★音标：/juːst tə/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：过去常常做…… ★例句：I used to get up early. ★例句翻译：我过去常常早起。 ★拓展：be used to doing (习惯于做……) ★同义词：once did (曾经做) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ used to do 过去常常做…… ★易混词： ★ used to vs. be used to —— used to do指过去习惯，be used to doing指现在习惯于。 44. with one's help ★音标：/wɪð wʌnz help/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：在……的帮助下 ★例句：With my teacher's help, I passed the exam. ★例句翻译：在老师的帮助下，我通过了考试。 ★拓展：= with the help of ★同义词：with the assistance of ★反义词：without one's help ★常见搭配： ★ with one's help 在……的帮助下 ★易混词： ★ under one's guidance（在……的指导下）—— 意思接近，但 help 更通用。 45. work hard at ★音标：/wɜːk hɑːd æt/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：在……上很努力 ★例句：She works hard at English. ★例句翻译：她在英语上很努力。 ★拓展：work hard on (同义) ★同义词：study hard (努力学习) ★反义词：give up (放弃) ★常见搭配： ★ work hard at doing 在……上很努力 ★易混词： ★ work hard at vs. work hard on —— 两者基本同义，at后接学科，on后接具体任务。 46. sink ★音标：/sɪŋk/ ★词性：v. ★词义：沉没 ★例句：The ship sank in the sea. ★例句翻译：船在海里沉没了。 ★拓展：sank (过去式) → sunk (过去分词) ★同义词：drop (下沉) ★反义词：rise (上升) ★常见搭配： ★ sink into 陷入 ★易混词： ★ sink vs. drown —— sink指物体下沉，drown指溺水死亡。 46. deal ★音标：/diːl/ ★词性：v. ★词义：处理 ★例句：He dealt with the problem quickly. ★例句翻译：他很快处理了这个问题。 ★拓展：dealt (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：handle (处理), manage (应对) ★反义词：ignore (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ deal with 处理 ★易混词： ★ deal vs. handle —— deal with强调"应对"，handle强调"操作处理"。 46. see ★音标：/siː/ ★词性：v. ★词义：看见 ★例句：I saw him yesterday. ★例句翻译：我昨天看见他了。 ★拓展：saw (过去式) → seen (过去分词) ★同义词：watch (观看), notice (注意到) ★反义词：miss (错过) ★常见搭配： ★ see sb. do/doing 看见某人做/正在做 ★易混词： ★ see vs. look —— see强调看见结果，look强调看的过程。 46. ring ★音标：/rɪŋ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：铃响 ★例句：The bell rang loudly. ★例句翻译：铃声响了。 ★拓展：rang (过去式) → rung (过去分词) ★同义词：sound (响) ★反义词：silence (安静) ★常见搭配： ★ ring up 打电话 ★易混词： ★ ring vs. call —— ring多指铃响，call多指打电话。 46. become ★音标：/bɪˈkʌm/ ★词性：v. ★词义：变成 ★例句：She became a teacher. ★例句翻译：她成为了一名老师。 ★拓展：became (过去式) → become (过去分词) ★同义词：get (变得), turn (变成) ★反义词：remain (保持) ★常见搭配： ★ become + adj./n. ★易混词： ★ become vs. turn —— become强调变化过程，turn强调颜色/状态突变。 47. keep silent ★音标：/kiːp ˈsaɪlənt/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：保持安静 ★例句：Please keep silent in the library. ★例句翻译：请在图书馆保持安静。 ★拓展：= keep quiet ★同义词：be quiet (安静) ★反义词：speak out (大声说出) ★常见搭配： ★ keep silent 保持安静 ★易混词： ★ keep silence（也指保持安静，但不如 keep silent 常用） 48. in a calm way ★音标：/ɪn ə kɑːm weɪ/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：用一个冷静的方式 ★例句：We should solve problems in a calm way. ★例句翻译：我们应该用冷静的方式解决问题。 ★拓展：calmly (adv. 冷静地) ★同义词：calmly (冷静地) ★反义词：in a panicked way (恐慌地) ★常见搭配： ★ in a calm way 用冷静的方式 ★易混词： ★ in a quiet way（安静地）—— calm强调情绪冷静，quiet强调不发出声音。 49. focus on ★音标：/ˈfəʊkəs ɒn/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：专注于…… ★例句：Please focus on your studies. ★例句翻译：请专注于你的学习。 ★拓展：focus (n. 焦点) ★同义词：concentrate on (集中), pay attention to (注意) ★反义词：ignore (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ focus on doing 专注于做…… ★易混词： ★ focus on vs. concentrate on —— 基本同义，focus强调"聚焦"，concentrate强调"集中精力"。 50. waste/spend ★音标：/weɪst/ /spend/ ★词性：v. ★词义：花费/浪费 ★例句：Don't waste time playing games. ★例句翻译：不要浪费时间玩游戏。 ★拓展：spent (过去式/过去分词) → wasted (adj. 浪费的) ★同义词：use (使用), consume (消耗) ★反义词：save (节省) ★常见搭配： ★ waste/spend + time + doing/on sth. ★易混词： ★ waste vs. spend —— waste多指"浪费"，spend指"花费"（中性）。 51. worried ★音标：/ˈwʌrid/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：担忧的 ★例句：She is worried about her exam. ★例句翻译：她担心她的考试。 ★拓展：worry (v./n. 担忧) → worrying (adj. 令人担忧的) ★同义词：anxious (焦虑的), concerned (担心的) ★反义词：calm (冷静的) ★常见搭配： ★ be worried about 担忧…… ★易混词： ★ worried vs. worrying —— worried修饰人，worrying修饰物。 52. feel ★音标：/fiːl/ ★词性：v. ★词义：感觉 ★例句：I feel happy today. ★例句翻译：我今天感到快乐。 ★拓展：felt (过去式/过去分词) → feeling (n. 情绪) ★同义词：sense (感觉), experience (体验) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ feel like doing 想要做…… ★易混词： ★ feel vs. sense —— feel强调主观感受，sense强调感官觉察。 53. advice ★音标：/ədˈvaɪs/ ★词性：n. [U] ★词义：建议 ★例句：She gave me some good advice. ★例句翻译：她给了我一些好建议。 ★拓展：advise (v. 建议) → adviser (n. 顾问) ★同义词：suggestion (建议，可数) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ give advice 给建议 ★ follow one's advice 听从建议 ★易混词： ★ advice vs. advise —— advice是名词，advise是动词。 54. alone ★音标：/əˈləʊn/ ★词性：adj./adv. ★词义：一个人的 ★例句：I like to stay alone sometimes. ★例句翻译：我有时喜欢一个人待着。 ★拓展：lonely (adj. 孤独的) ★同义词：by oneself (独自) ★反义词：together (一起) ★常见搭配： ★ be/stay alone 一个人 ★易混词： ★ alone vs. lonely —— alone指独自一人（事实），lonely指感到孤独（情感）。 55. exercise ★音标：/ˈeksəsaɪz/ ★词性：n. ★词义：[C]练习；[U]运动 ★例句：We do morning exercises every day. ★例句翻译：我们每天做早操。 ★拓展：exercise (v. 锻炼) ★同义词：practice (练习), sport (运动) ★反义词：rest (休息) ★常见搭配： ★ do exercise 做运动 ★ exercise book 练习本 ★易混词： ★ exercise vs. practice —— exercise多指身体锻炼或练习题，practice多指反复训练技能。 56. hear of ★音标：/hɪər ɒv/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：听说 ★例句：I have heard of that place. ★例句翻译：我听说过那个地方。 ★拓展：hear about (听说) ★同义词：learn about (得知) ★反义词：be ignorant of (不知晓) ★常见搭配： ★ hear of 听说 ★易混词： ★ hear of vs. hear from —— hear of指"听说过"，hear from指"收到……的来信"。 57. calm down ★音标：/kɑːm daʊn/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：冷静下来 ★例句：Calm down and tell me what happened. ★例句翻译：冷静下来，告诉我发生了什么。 ★拓展：calm (adj. 冷静的) → calmly (adv. 冷静地) ★同义词：cool down (冷静) ★反义词：panic (恐慌) ★常见搭配： ★ calm sb. down 让……冷静下来 ★易混词： ★ calm down vs. settle down —— calm down指情绪冷静，settle down指安定下来。 58. in the face of ★音标：/ɪn ðə feɪs ɒv/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：在面对……时 ★例句：Be brave in the face of difficulties. ★例句翻译：在面对困难时要勇敢。 ★拓展：face (v. 面对) ★同义词：when facing (面对……时) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ in the face of fears 在面对恐惧时 ★易混词： ★ in the face of vs. face to face with —— in the face of指"面对（困难/挑战）"，face to face with指"面对面（与人）"。 59. past ★音标：/pɑːst/ ★词性：adj./n./prep. ★词义：过去的；过去；过，超过 ★例句：In the past, life was very different. ★例句翻译：在过去，生活非常不同。 ★拓展：past (adj.) → past (n.) → past (prep.) ★同义词：previous (过去的), former (以前的) ★反义词：future (未来) ★常见搭配： ★ in the past 在过去 ★ half past six 六点半 ★ walk past 路过 ★易混词： ★ passed（pass的过去式）—— 发音相同，拼写不同。 60. learn from ★音标：/lɜːn frɒm/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：从……中学习 ★例句：We should learn from past experiences. ★例句翻译：我们应该从过去的经历中学习。 ★拓展：learner (n. 学习者) ★同义词：gain knowledge from (从……获取知识) ★反义词：ignore (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ learn from mistakes 从错误中学习 ★易混词： ★ learn about（了解）—— learn from强调从中学到，learn about强调了解信息。 61. bad ★音标：/bæd/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：坏的 ★例句：The weather is bad today. ★例句翻译：今天天气不好。 ★拓展：bad / badly / ill ----worse(比较级) ---- worst(最高级) 【配套练习】（基于上面的词汇） 一、词性转换（20题） 请用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. She is an __________ (honesty) girl and never tells lies. 2. His __________ (weak) is that he is too shy to speak in public. 3. The movie was so __________ (disappoint) that we left early. 4. I felt __________ (disappoint) with the result of the exam. 5. __________ (breathe) deeply can help you relax when you feel nervous. 6. The square was __________ (crowd) with people celebrating the festival. 7. He made a quick __________ (respond) to my question. 8. The __________ (perform) of the dancers was wonderful. 9. We need to make a __________ (decide) about where to go. 10. The __________ (important) of learning English is clear to everyone. 11. She is a famous __________ (design) of buildings. 12. The __________ (compete) between the two teams was very exciting. 13. We need to make good __________ (prepare) for the coming exam. 14. The man looked __________ (worry) because his son was late. 15. It is __________ (help) to speak out your feelings bravely. 16. The __________ (follow) day, we went to the museum. 17. I don't think this is a __________ (reason) decision. 18. The old man spoke __________ (calm) to the scared child. 19. Her __________ (believe) in herself helped her succeed. 20. He finished the work __________ (quick) and went home. 二、语法填空（2篇，每篇10空） 1：Follow Your Heart Everyone has their own dreams. I believe that (1)__________ (honest) is the most important thing in life. When I was a teenager, I was (2)__________ (weak) in maths and I often felt (3)__________ (worry) about exams. But I didn't (4)__________ (give) up. Instead, I worked hard at (5)__________ (improve) my maths skills with my teacher's help. My teacher told me to (6)__________ (follow) my own heart and never (7)__________ (afraid) of failure. Now I do well in maths and I also (8)__________ (get) along well with my classmates. I have a strong (9)__________ (believe) that everyone can succeed if they (10)__________ (stay) calm and work hard. 2：Face Difficulties Bravely Life is full of challenges. When we (1)__________ (face) difficulties, we should not run away. Instead, we should (2)__________ (deal) with them in a calm way. My father used to (3)__________ (tell) me, "A new chance (4)__________ (come) with every disappointment." I have learned a lot (5)__________ (learn) from my past experiences. For example, I used to (6)__________ (be) afraid of speaking in front of a crowd, but now I can give a (7)__________ (perform) without fear. I take my deep voice (8)__________ a special gift. I advise everyone to (9)__________ (brave) speak out their feelings (10)__________ (instead) of keeping them back. 三、中译英（10题） 请将下列句子翻译成英语，尽量使用本课所学词汇。 1. 你应该接受你自己，并勇敢地面对困难。 ________________________________________________________________ 2. 在老师的帮助下，我在英语方面做得很好。 ________________________________________________________________ 3. 他过去常常害怕在人群面前说话。 ________________________________________________________________ 4. 每次失望都带来一个新的机会。 ________________________________________________________________ 5. 我梦想成为一名设计师，设计漂亮的建筑。 ________________________________________________________________ 6. 与其压抑情绪，不如大声说出来。 ________________________________________________________________ 7. 请专注于你的学习，不要浪费时间玩游戏。 ________________________________________________________________ 8. 她善于和同学们相处，并且总是诚实地回应他们。 ________________________________________________________________ 9. 在过去的经历中，我学会了如何冷静地处理问题。 ________________________________________________________________ 10. 毕竟，每个人都可以为他们自己感到骄傲，并且毫无恐惧地追逐梦想。 ________________________________________________________________ 四、选词填空（10题） 从方框中选择正确的词或短语完成句子（注意变形）。 focus on get along with take...as instead of go after in a calm way be afraid of dream of used to make a decision 1. We should __________ our dreams and never give up. 2. I __________ living in a big house by the sea when I grow up. 3. Please __________ your homework and don't look at your phone. 4. She __________ her mother's advice __________ a valuable gift. 5. I __________ get up early, but now I get up at seven. 6. We need to __________ about which university to choose. 7. You should talk to him __________, not in anger. 8. I don't __________ dogs because I know they are friendly. 9. She is very friendly and __________ well __________ her neighbours. 10. He chose to walk __________ taking a bus because he wanted some exercise. 答案 词性转换答案： 1. honest 2. weakness 3. disappointing 4. disappointed 5. Breathing 6. crowded 7. response 8. performance 9. decision 10. importance 11. designer 12. competition 13. preparation 14. worried 15. helpful 16. following 17. reasonable 18. calmly 19. belief 20. quickly 语法填空答案： Passage 1: 1. honesty 2. weak 3. worried 4. give 5. improving 6. follow 7. be afraid 8. get 9. belief 10. stay Passage 2: 1. face 2. deal 3. tell 4. comes 5. from 6. be 7. performance 8. as 9. bravely 10. instead 中译英答案： 1. You should accept yourself and face difficulties bravely. 2. With my teacher's help, I do well in English. 3. He used to be afraid of speaking in front of a crowd. 4. A new chance comes with every disappointment. 5. I dream of becoming a designer and designing beautiful buildings. 6. Speak out bravely instead of keeping back your feelings. 7. Please focus on your studies and don't waste time playing games. 8. She gets along well with her classmates and always responds to them honestly. 9. From past experiences, I have learned how to deal with problems in a calm way. 10. After all, everyone can be proud of themselves and go after their dreams without fear. 选词填空答案： 1. go after 2. dream of 3. focus on 4. takes...as 5. used to 6. make a decision 7. in a calm way 8. am afraid of 9. gets along; with 10. instead of 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $