Unit 1 Trying new things 词汇 讲义2026-2027学年沪教版(五四学制）英语七年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过多维度解析构建词汇知识体系，对62个核心词汇从音标、词性、词义、例句到派生词、同义词、反义词及易混词进行系统梳理，以结构化呈现方式帮助学生明晰知识脉络，突出词汇在语境中的运用重点与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于练习设计的针对性与分层性，如词性转换强化词形变化能力，语法填空通过语篇巩固词汇运用，中译英提升语言表达准确性，有效培养学生语言能力与思维品质。配套答案与易错点解析支持学生自主复习，教师可据此实施精准分层教学，助力不同层次学生提升词汇综合运用能力。

Unit 1 Trying new things 词汇+音标+词义+例句+派生词+短语+例句+词性转换练习+语法填空练习+翻译 （6年级上册新沪教版五四制上海专用） 一、核心词汇（单词 + 音标 + 词义 + 例句 + 派生词+....） 1. magazine ★音标：/ˌmæɡəˈziːn/ ★词性：n. [C] ★词义：杂志 ★例句：I read an interesting article in a magazine. ★例句翻译：我在一本杂志上读到一篇有趣的文章。 ★拓展：mag (口语缩写) ★同义词：journal (期刊), periodical (期刊) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ fashion magazine 时尚杂志 ★ magazine article 杂志文章 ★易混词： ★ newspaper (报纸) —— magazine是定期出版的装订刊物（通常有彩页）， newspaper是日报/周报（新闻为主，纸张较薄）。 1. newspaper ★音标：/ˈnjuːzpeɪpə(r)/ (英) /ˈnuːzpeɪpər/ (美) ★词性：n. [C] ★词义：报纸 ★例句：My father reads the newspaper every morning. ★例句翻译：我父亲每天早上读报纸。 ★拓展：news (新闻) + paper (纸) ★同义词：daily (日报), tabloid (小报) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ daily newspaper 日报 ★ newspaper reporter 报社记者 ★易混词： ★ magazine (杂志) —— newspaper以新闻为主，每日/每周出版；magazine以专题文章为主，通常月刊或周刊。 2. test ★音标：/test/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：测试；测验 ★例句：We have a math test every Friday. ★例句翻译：我们每周五都有数学测验。 ★拓展：testing (n. 测试过程) ★同义词：exam (考试), quiz (小测验) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ take a test 参加测试 ★ pass/fail a test 通过/未通过测试 ★易混词： ★ exam (考试) —— test通常指小测验或阶段性测试，exam指正式的大型考试。 3. wind ★音标：/wɪnd/ ★词性：n. ★词义：风 ★例句：The wind is blowing strongly today. ★例句翻译：今天风刮得很大。 ★拓展：windy (adj. 有风的) ★同义词：breeze (微风), gale (大风) ★反义词：calm (无风) ★常见搭配： ★ strong wind 大风 ★ wind power 风力 ★易混词： ★ wing (翅膀) —— 拼写相似，但含义不同。 4. interested ★音标：/ˈɪntrəstɪd/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：感兴趣的 ★例句：I am interested in learning to cook. ★例句翻译：我对学做饭感兴趣。 ★拓展：interest (n. 兴趣) → interesting (adj. 令人感兴趣的) ★同义词：keen (热衷的), curious (好奇的) ★反义词：bored (感到无聊的) ★常见搭配： ★ be interested in = be keen on 对……感兴趣 ★易混词： ★ interesting (令人感兴趣的) —— interested修饰人，interesting修饰物或事。 5. fun ★音标：/fʌn/ ★词性：n. [U] ★词义：乐趣 ★例句：What great fun it is to play in the park! ★例句翻译：在公园里玩多么有趣啊！ ★拓展：funny (adj. 滑稽的) → funnier (比较级) ★同义词：joy (快乐), pleasure (愉快) ★反义词：boredom (无聊) ★常见搭配： ★ have fun 玩得开心 ★ What great fun...! 多么有趣啊！ ★易混词： ★ funny (滑稽的) —— fun是名词，funny是形容词。 6. take up ★音标：/teɪk ʌp/ ★词性：phr. v. ★词义：开始（从事于） ★例句：She took up swimming last year. ★例句翻译：她去年开始游泳。 ★拓展：take up doing/sth. ★同义词：start (开始), begin (开始) ★反义词：give up (放弃) ★常见搭配： ★ take up a hobby 开始一项爱好 ★易混词： ★ take on (承担) —— take up强调"开始做"，take on强调"承担责任"。 7. feeling ★音标：/ˈfiːlɪŋ/ ★词性：n. [C] ★词义：感觉 ★例句：I have a good feeling about this dish. ★例句翻译：我对这道菜感觉很好。 ★拓展：feel (v. 感受) → felt (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：sense (感官), emotion (情绪) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ a feeling of happiness 幸福感 ★易混词：emotion (情绪) —— feeling范围更广（包括身体感觉），emotion特指强烈情绪。 8. brave ★音标：/breɪv/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：勇敢的 ★例句：He is brave enough to try new food. ★例句翻译：他足够勇敢去尝试新食物。 ★拓展：bravery (n. 勇敢) ★同义词：courageous (勇敢的), fearless (无畏的) ★反义词：cowardly (胆小的) ★常见搭配： ★ brave face 勇敢的面孔 ★易混词： ★ bold (大胆的) —— brave强调面对危险不退缩，bold强调敢于冒险。 9. challenge ★音标：/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ ★词性：n./v. ★词义：挑战 ★例句：Learning a new language is a big challenge. ★例句翻译：学习一门新语言是一个大挑战。 ★拓展：challenging (adj. 有挑战性的) ★同义词：difficulty (困难), task (任务) ★反义词：ease (轻松) ★常见搭配： ★ meet a new challenge 遇到新的挑战 ★ face a challenge 面对挑战 ★易混词： ★ change (变化) —— 拼写相似，注意区分。 10. machine ★音标：/məˈʃiːn/ ★词性：n. ★词义：机器 ★例句：We have a new coffee machine in the kitchen. ★例句翻译：厨房里有一台新咖啡机。 ★拓展：machinery (n. 机器总称) ★同义词：appliance (器具), device (设备) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ washing machine 洗衣机 ★ vending machine 自动售货机 ★易混词： ★ engine (引擎) —— machine是广义机器，engine特指发动机。 11. curious ★音标：/ˈkjʊəriəs/ (英) /ˈkjʊriəs/ (美) ★词性：adj. ★词义：好奇的 ★例句：Children are always curious about everything around them. ★例句翻译：孩子们总是对周围的一切感到好奇。 ★拓展：curiosity (n. 好奇心) ★同义词：interested (感兴趣的), inquisitive (好问的) ★反义词：indifferent (漠不关心的) ★常见搭配： ★ be curious about... 对……好奇 ★易混词： ★ curious vs. strange —— curious形容人"好奇的"，strange形容事物"奇怪的"。 12. create ★音标：/kriˈeɪt/ ★词性：v. ★词义：创造 ★例句：Artists create beautiful works of art. ★例句翻译：艺术家创造美丽的艺术作品。 ★拓展：creative (adj. 有创造力的) → creation (n. 创造) → creator (n. 创造者) ★同义词：invent (发明), make (制作) ★反义词：destroy (摧毁) ★常见搭配： ★ create a new world 创造一个新世界 ★易混词： ★ invent (发明) —— create强调从无到有，invent特指发明新东西。 13. traffic ★音标：/ˈtræfɪk/ ★词性：n. [U] ★词义：交通 ★例句：There is heavy traffic on the road. ★例句翻译：路上交通很拥堵。 ★拓展：无 ★同义词：transport (运输), vehicles (车辆) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ traffic jam 交通堵塞 ★ traffic lights 交通灯 ★易混词： ★ transport (运输) —— traffic指路上的车辆流动 14. try ★音标：/traɪ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：努力做；尝试 ★例句：I try to get up early every day. ★例句翻译：我努力每天早起。 ★拓展：trial (n. 试验) ★同义词：attempt (尝试), strive (努力) ★反义词：give up (放弃) ★常见搭配： ★ try to do... 努力去做……（求结果） ★ try doing... 试一试做……（不求结果） ★易混词： ★ try vs. attempt —— try更口语化，attempt更正式。 15. join ★音标：/dʒɔɪn/ ★词性：v. ★词义：加入 ★例句：I want to join the school basketball team. ★例句翻译：我想加入学校篮球队。 ★拓展：joint (adj. 共同的) ★同义词：enter (进入), participate in (参与) ★反义词：leave (离开) ★常见搭配： ★ join + 群体（如 join a club, join us） ★ join in / take part in + 活动（如 join in the game） ★易混词： ★ join vs. attend —— join指成为成员，attend指出席活动。 16. build ★音标：/bɪld/ ★词性：v. ★词义：建造 ★例句：They built a new school in the village. ★例句翻译：他们在村里建了一所新学校。 ★拓展：building (n. 建筑物) → rebuild (v. 重建) ★同义词：construct (建造), make (制作) ★反义词：destroy (摧毁) ★常见搭配： ★ build models 搭建模型 ★易混词： ★ build vs. construct —— build日常用语，construct更正式，常用于大型工程。 17. print ★音标：/prɪnt/ ★词性：v. ★词义：打印 ★例句：I need to print a document. ★例句翻译：我需要打印一份文件。 ★拓展：printing (n. 印刷) → printer (n. 打印机) ★同义词：publish (出版), type (打字) ★反义词：erase (擦除) ★常见搭配： ★ print out 打印出来 ★易混词： ★ print vs. type —— print指通过打印机输出，type指用键盘输入。 18. notice ★音标：/ˈnəʊtɪs/ ★词性：v. ★词义：注意到 ★例句：Did you notice anyone enter the room? ★例句翻译：你注意到有人进入房间了吗？ ★拓展：noticeable (adj. 显而易见的) ★同义词：observe (观察), spot (发现) ★反义词：ignore (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事（全程） ★ notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 ★易混词： ★ notice vs. watch —— watch指有意识地观看，notice指无意中注意到。 19. improve ★音标：/ɪmˈpruːv/ ★词性：v. ★词义：提高 ★例句：I want to improve my English. ★例句翻译：我想提高我的英语水平。 ★拓展：improvement (n. 提高) → improved (adj. 提高的) ★同义词：make...better (使……更好), enhance (增强) ★反义词：worsen (恶化) ★常见搭配： ★ improve oneself 提升自我 ★易混词： ★ improve vs. increase —— improve指质量提高，increase指数量增加。 20. camp ★音标：/kæmp/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：露营；营地 ★例句：We plan to camp in the forest this summer. ★例句翻译：我们计划今年夏天在森林里露营。 ★拓展：camper (n. 露营者) → camping (n. 露营) ★同义词：encamp (扎营) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ go camping 去露营 ★ summer camp 夏令营 ★易混词： ★ camp vs. campus —— camp指营地，campus指校园。 21. grow ★音标：/ɡrəʊ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：生长 ★例句：Plants need sunlight to grow. ★例句翻译：植物需要阳光才能生长。 ★拓展：growth (n. 生长) → grown (过去分词) ★同义词：increase (增加), develop (发展) ★反义词：shrink (缩小) ★常见搭配： ★ grow up 长大 ★易混词： ★ grow vs. raise —— grow指植物或自身生长，raise指人为抚养或种植。 22. kind ★音标：/kaɪnd/ ★词性：n. ★词义：种类 ★例句：There are many kinds of flowers in the garden. ★例句翻译：花园里有很多种花。 ★拓展：kindness (n. 善良) —— 注意同形异义词 ★同义词：type (类型), sort (种类) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ all kinds of = all sorts of 各种各样的 ★易混词： ★ kind vs. type —— kind侧重本质类别，type侧重模型或样式。 23. care ★音标：/keə(r)/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：关心；照顾 ★例句：She cares about her family very much. ★例句翻译：她非常关心她的家人。 ★拓展：careful (adj. 小心的) → careless (adj. 粗心的) ★同义词：look after (照顾), take care of (照顾) ★反义词：ignore (忽视) ★常见搭配： ★ care for = look after = take care of 照顾 ★易混词： ★ care about vs. care for —— care about指"关心在意"，care for指"照顾"或"喜欢"。 24. become ★音标：/bɪˈkʌm/ ★词性：v. (系动词) ★词义：变得 ★例句：The weather became cold suddenly. ★例句翻译：天气突然变冷了。 ★拓展：became (过去式) → become (过去分词) ★同义词：get (变得), go (变得), grow (变得), turn (变得) ★反义词：remain (保持) ★常见搭配： ★ become + adj. 变得…… ★易混词： ★ become vs. turn —— become强调变化过程，turn强调颜色或状态突变。 25. continue ★音标：/kənˈtɪnjuː/ ★词性：v. ★词义：继续 ★例句：Please continue reading the book. ★例句翻译：请继续读这本书。 ★拓展：continuous (adj. 连续的) → continuation (n. 继续) ★同义词：go on (继续), keep on (继续) ★反义词：stop (停止) ★常见搭配： ★ continue to do / doing 继续做…… ★易混词： ★ continue vs. last —— continue指动作持续，last指时间持续。 26. experience ★音标：/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ ★词性：n. ★词义：[C] 经历；[U] 经验 ★例句：She has a lot of experience in teaching. ★例句翻译：她在教学方面有很多经验。 ★拓展：experienced (adj. 有经验的) ★同义词：knowledge (知识), practice (实践) ★反义词：inexperience (无经验) ★常见搭配： ★ a painful experience 一次痛苦的经历 ★ work experience 工作经验 ★易混词： ★ experience vs. experiment —— experience指"经历/经验"，experiment指"实验"。 27. mean ★音标：/miːn/ ★词性：v. ★词义：意思是 ★例句：What do you mean by saying that? ★例句翻译：你说那话是什么意思？ ★拓展：meaning (n. 意思) → meaningful (adj. 有意义的) ★同义词：imply (暗示), indicate (表明) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ What's the meaning of...? ……的意思是什么？ ★易混词： ★ mean vs. means —— mean是动词"意思是"，means是名词"手段"。 28. ask ★音标：/ɑːsk/ ★词性：v. ★词义：让；询问 ★例句：My teacher asked me to finish the homework. ★例句翻译：我的老师让我完成作业。 ★拓展：asker (n. 提问者) ★同义词：request (请求), inquire (询问) ★反义词：answer (回答) ★常见搭配： ★ ask sb. to do sth. 让……做…… ★易混词： ★ ask vs. tell —— ask是"请求/问"，tell是"告诉/命令"。 29. give up ★音标：/ɡɪv ʌp/ ★词性：phr. v. ★词义：放弃 ★例句：Never give up your dreams. ★例句翻译：永远不要放弃你的梦想。 ★拓展：give it up (代词放中间) ★同义词：quit (放弃), abandon (遗弃) ★反义词：take up (开始) ★常见搭配： ★ give up doing... 放弃做…… ★易混词： ★ give up vs. give in —— give up指放弃努力，give in指屈服/让步。 30. website ★音标：/ˈwebsaɪt/ ★词性：n. ★词义：网站 ★例句：You can find information on the website. ★例句翻译：你可以在这个网站上找到信息。 ★拓展：web (网络) + site (站点) ★同义词：site (站点), webpage (网页) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ on a website 在网站上 ★ visit a website 浏览网站 ★易混词： ★ website vs. webpage —— website是完整网站，webpage是网站中的单个页面。 31. invent ★音标：/ɪnˈvent/ ★词性：v. ★词义：发明 ★例句：Edison invented the light bulb. ★例句翻译：爱迪生发明了电灯泡。 ★拓展：inventor (n. 发明家) → invention (n. 发明物) ★同义词：create (创造), design (设计) ★反义词：copy (复制) ★常见搭配： ★ invent a new machine 发明新机器 ★易混词： ★ invent vs. discover —— invent指发明新东西，discover指发现已存在的事物。 32. find ★音标：/faɪnd/ ★词性：v. ★词义：发现；觉得 ★例句：I find it hard to try something new. ★例句翻译：我觉得尝试新事物很困难。 ★拓展：found (过去式/过去分词) → finding (n. 发现) ★同义词：discover (发现), realize (意识到) ★反义词：lose (丢失) ★常见搭配： ★ find it + adj. + to do sth. 觉得做某事怎么样（it作形式宾语） ★易混词： ★ find vs. found —— find是"发现"，found是"建立"（且是find的过去式）。 33. count ★音标：/kaʊnt/ ★词性：v. ★词义：计数 ★例句：Can you count from one to ten? ★例句翻译：你能从一数到十吗？ ★拓展：countless (adj. 无数的) → countable (adj. 可数的) ★同义词：number (数数), calculate (计算) ★反义词：estimate (估计) ★常见搭配： ★ count on 依赖 ★易混词： ★ count vs. recount —— count是"数"，recount是"重新数"或"讲述"。 34. stick ★音标：/stɪk/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：贴；木棍 ★例句：Please stick the paper on the wall. ★例句翻译：请把纸贴在墙上。 ★拓展：sticker (n. 贴纸) → stuck (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：glue (粘贴), attach (附着) ★反义词：remove (移除) ★常见搭配： ★ stick to 坚持 ★易混词： ★ stick vs. tape —— stick是动词"贴"，tape是名词"胶带"或动词"用胶带粘"。 35. power ★音标：/ˈpaʊə(r)/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：驱动；力量 ★例句：This machine is powered by electricity. ★例句翻译：这台机器由电力驱动。 ★拓展：powerful (adj. 有力量的) → powerless (adj. 无力的) ★同义词：strength (力量), energy (能量) ★反义词：weakness (弱点) ★常见搭配： ★ wind power 风力 ★ power plant 发电厂 ★易混词： ★ power vs. energy —— power强调"力/功率"，energy强调"能量/精力"。 36. bring ★音标：/brɪŋ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：带 ★例句：Please bring your book to school. ★例句翻译：请把你的书带到学校来。 ★拓展：brought (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：carry (搬运), take (带走) ★反义词：take (带走) ★常见搭配： ★ bring about 带来（变化） ★易混词： ★ bring vs. take —— bring指"带来"（朝说话者方向），take指"带走"（远离说话者方向）。 36. buy ★音标：/baɪ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：买 ★例句：I bought a new book yesterday. ★例句翻译：我昨天买了一本新书。 ★拓展：bought (过去式/过去分词) → buyer (n. 买家) ★同义词：purchase (购买) ★反义词：sell (卖) ★常见搭配： ★ buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物 ★易混词： ★ buy vs. pay —— buy是"买"，pay是"支付"。 37. discuss ★音标：/dɪˈskʌs/ ★词性：v. ★词义：讨论 ★例句：We need to discuss the plan together. ★例句翻译：我们需要一起讨论这个计划。 ★拓展：discussion (n. 讨论) ★同义词：talk about (谈论), debate (辩论) ★反义词：ignore (忽略) ★常见搭配： ★ discuss sth. with sb. 与某人讨论某事 ★易混词： ★ discuss vs. argue —— discuss指理性讨论，argue指争论。 38. possible ★音标：/ˈpɒsəbl/ (英) /ˈpɑːsəbl/ (美) ★词性：adj. ★词义：可能的 ★例句：It is possible to finish the work today. ★例句翻译：今天完成工作是可能的。 ★拓展：impossible (adj. 不可能的) → possibly (adv. 可能地) ★同义词：likely (可能的) ★反义词：impossible (不可能的) ★常见搭配： ★ as soon as possible 尽快 ★易混词： ★ possible vs. probable —— possible指有可能（但不确定），probable指很有可能的。 39. hold ★音标：/həʊld/ ★词性：v. ★词义：握；举办；容纳 ★例句：The school will hold a meeting tomorrow. ★例句翻译：学校明天将举办一场会议。 ★拓展：holder (n. 支托物) → held (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：grasp (抓住), contain (容纳) ★反义词：release (释放) ★常见搭配： ★ hold a meeting 举办一场会议 ★易混词： ★ hold vs. keep —— hold指"拿着/举办"，keep指"保持/保存"。 40. fail ★音标：/feɪl/ ★词性：v. ★词义：失败 ★例句：He failed the exam because he didn't study. ★例句翻译：他考试不及格，因为没学习。 ★拓展：failure (n. 失败) ★同义词：lose (失败), miss (错过) ★反义词：succeed (成功) ★常见搭配： ★ fail to do 未能做成…… ★ fail in doing 做……失败了 ★ fail the exam 考试不及格 ★易混词： ★ fail vs. lose —— fail指"失败"，lose指"输掉"。 41. burn ★音标：/bɜːn/ ★词性：v. ★词义：烫伤；燃烧 ★例句：Be careful not to burn your hand. ★例句翻译：小心别烫伤你的手。 ★拓展：burnt (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：scorch (烧焦), flame (燃烧) ★反义词：freeze (冷冻) ★常见搭配： ★ burn out 烧尽 ★易混词： ★ burn vs. fire —— burn是动词"燃烧"，fire是名词"火"或动词"解雇"。 42. luck ★音标：/lʌk/ ★词性：n. ★词义：运气 ★例句：Good luck to you! ★例句翻译：祝你好运！ ★拓展：lucky (adj. 幸运的) → unlucky (adj. 不幸的) → luckily (adv. 幸运地) ★同义词：fortune (运气) ★反义词：misfortune (不幸) ★常见搭配： ★ good luck 好运 ★ bad luck 坏运 ★易混词： ★ luck vs. fortune —— luck强调偶然性，fortune强调命运或财富。 43. excited ★音标：/ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：感到惊喜的 ★例句：I am excited about the trip. ★例句翻译：我对这次旅行感到很兴奋。 ★拓展：exciting (adj. 令人惊喜的) → excitedly (adv. 兴奋地) ★同义词：thrilled (激动的), delighted (高兴的) ★反义词：bored (无聊的) ★常见搭配： ★ be excited about 对……感到兴奋 ★易混词： ★ excited vs. exciting —— excited修饰人，exciting修饰物或事。 44. lay ★音标：/leɪ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：放置；下蛋 ★例句：The hen lays two eggs every day. ★例句翻译：这只母鸡每天下两个蛋。 ★拓展：laid (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：put (放置), place (放置) ★反义词：remove (移除) ★常见搭配： ★ lay the table 摆桌子 ★易混词： ★ lay vs. lie —— lay是"放置"（及物动词），lie是"躺/位于"（不及物动词）。 45. separate ★音标：/ˈsepəreɪt/ ★词性：v. ★词义：使……分开 ★例句：Please separate the good apples from the bad ones. ★例句翻译：请把好苹果和坏苹果分开。 ★拓展：separation (n. 分离) → separate (adj. 单独的) ★同义词：divide (分开), part (分离) ★反义词：connect (连接) ★常见搭配： ★ separate...from... 把……从……分开 ★易混词： ★ separate vs. divide —— separate强调"使分离"，divide强调"切割/分配"。 46. hurry ★音标：/ˈhʌri/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：匆忙 ★例句：I have to hurry to catch the train. ★例句翻译：我必须赶紧去赶火车。 ★拓展：hurried (adj. 匆忙的) → hurriedly (adv. 匆忙地) ★同义词：rush (冲), hasten (赶快) ★反义词：slow down (放慢) ★常见搭配： ★ hurry to do sth. 匆忙去做…… ★ in a hurry 匆忙地 ★易混词： ★ hurry vs. rush —— hurry强调"赶时间"，rush强调"猛冲"。 47. succeed ★音标：/səkˈsiːd/ ★词性：v. ★词义：成功 ★例句：He succeeded in passing the exam. ★例句翻译：他成功地通过了考试。 ★拓展：success (n. 成功) → successful (adj. 成功的) ★同义词：achieve (实现), triumph (获胜) ★反义词：fail (失败) ★常见搭配： ★ succeed in doing... 成功做…… ★易混词： ★ succeed vs. success —— succeed是动词，success是名词。 48. hopeful ★音标：/ˈhəʊpfl/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：有希望的 ★例句：I am hopeful about the future. ★例句翻译：我对未来充满希望。 ★拓展：hope (n./v. 希望) → hopeless (adj. 无望的) ★同义词：optimistic (乐观的) ★反义词：hopeless (无望的) ★常见搭配： ★ be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 ★易混词： ★ hopeful vs. helpless —— hopeful指"有希望的"，helpless指"无助的"。 49. wish ★音标：/wɪʃ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：希望 ★例句：I wish to travel around the world one day. ★例句翻译：我希望有一天能环游世界。 ★拓展：wishful (adj. 渴望的) ★同义词：hope (希望), desire (渴望) ★反义词：dislike (不喜欢) ★常见搭配： ★ wish to do... 希望做…… ★易混词： ★ wish vs. hope —— wish常指难以实现的愿望，hope指有可能实现的愿望。 50. too...to... ★音标：/tuː tə/ ★词性：phr. ★词义：太……以至于不能…… ★例句：The box is too heavy for her to carry. ★例句翻译：这个箱子太重了，她提不起来。 ★拓展：无 ★同义词：so...that...not (如此……以至于不……) ★反义词：enough to (足够……去做) ★常见搭配： ★ too + adj. + to do 太……而不能…… ★易混词： ★ too...to... vs. so...that... —— too...to接不定式（否定含义），so...that接从句。 51. similar ★音标：/ˈsɪmɪlə(r)/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：相似的 ★例句：My bag is similar to yours. ★例句翻译：我的包和你的相似。 ★拓展：similarity (n. 相似性) ★同义词：alike (相像的), comparable (可比较的) ★反义词：different (不同的) ★常见搭配： ★ be similar to 与……相似 ★易混词： ★ similar vs. same —— similar指"相似的"，same指"完全相同的"。 52. share ★音标：/ʃeə(r)/ ★词性：v. ★词义：分享 ★例句：I like to share my food with my friends. ★例句翻译：我喜欢和朋友们分享我的食物。 ★拓展：sharing (n. 分享) → shareholder (n. 股东) ★同义词：divide (分配), distribute (分发) ★反义词：keep (保留) ★常见搭配： ★ share sth. with sb. 与……分享…… ★易混词： ★ share vs. divide —— share强调"共享"，divide强调"分割"。 53. proud ★音标：/praʊd/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：自豪的 ★例句：I am proud of my country. ★例句翻译：我为我的国家感到自豪。 ★拓展：pride (n. 自豪) ★同义词：satisfied (满意的) ★反义词：ashamed (羞耻的) ★常见搭配： ★ be proud of = take pride in 为……自豪 ★易混词： ★ proud vs. pride —— proud是形容词，pride是名词。 54. made ★音标：/meɪd/ ★词性：v. (make的过去分词) ★词义：由……制作 ★例句：This table is made of wood. ★例句翻译：这张桌子是由木头制成的。 ★拓展：maker (n. 制造者) ★同义词：produced (生产的), manufactured (制造的) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ be made of 由……制作（看得出原材料） ★ be made from 由……制作（看不出原材料） ★易混词： ★ made of vs. made from —— made of看得出原料（如木桌），made from看不出原料（如纸由木头制成）。 55. solve ★音标：/sɒlv/ (英) /sɑːlv/ (美) ★词性：v. ★词义：解决 ★例句：We need to solve this problem quickly. ★例句翻译：我们需要尽快解决这个问题。 ★拓展：solution (n. 解决方法) ★同义词：work out (算出), handle/deal with (处理) ★反义词：create (制造问题) ★常见搭配： ★ solve a problem 解决问题 ★易混词： ★ solve vs. resolve —— solve指解决具体问题（如数学题），resolve指解决争端或矛盾。 56. difficult ★音标：/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：困难的 ★例句：English is not very difficult for me. ★例句翻译：英语对我来说不是很难。 ★拓展：difficulty (n. 困难) ★同义词：hard (难的), tough (艰难的) ★反义词：easy (容易的) ★常见搭配： ★ have difficulty in doing... 在做……时有困难 ★易混词： ★ difficult vs. hard —— difficult更正式，hard更口语化。 57. break ★音标：/breɪk/ ★词性：v. ★词义：损坏 ★例句：Be careful not to break the glass. ★例句翻译：小心别打碎玻璃杯。 ★拓展：broken (adj. 破碎的) → broke (过去式) ★同义词：shatter (粉碎), crack (破裂) ★反义词：repair (修理) ★常见搭配： ★ break down 出故障 ★易混词： ★ break vs. destroy —— break指部分损坏，destroy指彻底摧毁。 58. mix ★音标：/mɪks/ ★词性：v. ★词义：混合 ★例句：Mix the flour and water together. ★例句翻译：把面粉和水混合在一起。 ★拓展：mixture (n. 混合物) ★同义词：combine (结合), blend (调和) ★反义词：separate (分开) ★常见搭配： ★ mix up 混淆 ★易混词： ★ mix vs. blend —— mix强调"混合"的动作，blend强调"融合均匀"。 59. catch ★音标：/kætʃ/ ★词性：v. ★词义：抓 ★例句：He can catch the ball with one hand. ★例句翻译：他能用一只手接住球。 ★拓展：caught (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：grab (抓住), seize (抓住) ★反义词：miss (错过) ★常见搭配： ★ catch up with 赶上 ★易混词： ★ catch vs. hold —— catch指"抓住"的动作，hold指"拿着"的状态。 60. shine ★音标：/ʃaɪn/ ★词性：v. ★词义：发光 ★例句：The sun is shining brightly. ★例句翻译：太阳明亮地照耀着。 ★拓展：shiny (adj. 发光的) → shone (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：glow (发光), sparkle (闪耀) ★反义词：darken (变暗) ★常见搭配： ★ shine a light 照亮 ★易混词： ★ shine vs. light —— shine指"发出光"，light指"点燃/照亮"。 61. cloth ★音标：/klɒθ/ (英) /klɔːθ/ (美) ★词性：n. ★词义：布 ★例句：She bought some cloth to make a dress. ★例句翻译：她买了一些布来做裙子。 ★拓展：clothes (n. 衣服) → clothing (n. 服装总称) ★同义词：fabric (织物), textile (纺织品) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ a piece of cloth 一块布 ★易混词： ★ cloth vs. clothes —— cloth是"布料"（不可数），clothes是"衣服"（复数）。 62. middle ★音标：/ˈmɪdl/ ★词性：n. ★词义：中间 ★例句：I sat in the middle of the room. ★例句翻译：我坐在房间中央。 ★拓展：mid (前缀，表示"中") ★同义词：center (中心), heart (核心) ★反义词：edge (边缘) ★常见搭配： ★ in the middle of... 在……的中间 ★易混词： ★ middle vs. center —— middle指"正中"（不一定是几何中心），center指"圆心/正中央"。 配套练习（基于62组词汇） 一、词性转换（20题） 请用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. The _________ (wind) weather made it hard to walk outside. 2. He showed great _________ (brave) when he saved the child from the fire. 3. This math problem is really _________ (challenge) for me. 4. The _________ (invent) of the telephone changed the world. 5. We had a long _________ (discuss) about our travel plan. 6. She is a _________ (create) artist who paints beautiful pictures. 7. The _________ (possible) of success made him work harder. 8. I felt _________ (excite) when I heard the good news. 9. The news was so _________ (excite) that everyone jumped up. 10. He _________ (success) in finishing the project on time. 11. My grandpa told me an _________ (interest) story yesterday. 12. I was deeply _________ (interest) in the book he gave me. 13. The glass was _________ (break) into pieces after it fell. 14. Please mix the flour and water until they are _________ (mix) well. 15. You need to be _________ (care) when you cross the street. 16. The old man spoke _________ (sad) about his lost youth. 17. I have _________ (count) reasons to thank you for your help. 18. The movie was so _________ (bore) that I nearly fell asleep. 19. He felt _________ (hope) when he saw the bright future ahead. 20. This is a _________ (power) car that can run very fast. 二、语法填空（2篇，每篇10空） 1：A Special Experience Last summer, I had an unforgettable (1)_________ (experience). I (2)_________ (join) a summer camp in the mountains. Every morning, we (3)_________ (wake) up early to watch the sunrise. The air was fresh and the (4)_________ (wind) breeze felt cool on our faces. We (5)_________ (try) to climb the hill every day, and finally we succeeded in (6)_________ (reach) the top. Our guide told us many (7)_________ (interest) stories about the forest. I also (8)_________ (make) some new friends there. We (9)_________ (share) our food and played games together. It was a (10)_________ (wonder) experience that I will never forget. 2：A Cooking Challenge My mother is a great cook. She often (1)_________ (create) new dishes for us. One day, she (2)_________ (decide) to teach me how to cook. First, she asked me to (3)_________ (separate) the egg whites from the yolks. Then I (4)_________ (mix) the flour with milk and sugar. After that, I (5)_________ (beat) the eggs until they became fluffy. My mother told me not to (6)_________ (burn) the cake, so I watched it (7)_________ (care). When the cake was done, the kitchen (8)_________ (fill) with a sweet smell. I felt very (9)_________ (pride) of myself. My father said it was the most (10)_________ (taste) cake he had ever eaten. 三、中译英（10题） 1. 我对学习新事物非常好奇。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2. 她在比赛中成功获得了第一名。 ___________________________________________________________________ 3. 你能帮我解决这个难题吗？ ___________________________________________________________________ 4. 这个盒子太重了，我搬不动。 ___________________________________________________________________ 5. 他为自己的成就感到非常自豪。 ___________________________________________________________________ 6. 我们在网站上找到了很多有用的信息。 ___________________________________________________________________ 7. 不要放弃你的梦想，继续努力！ ___________________________________________________________________ 8. 她匆忙赶到学校，但还是迟到了。 ___________________________________________________________________ 9. 我的书包和你的很相似。 ___________________________________________________________________ 10. 请把这些苹果和那些坏的分开。 ___________________________________________________________________ 四、选词填空（10题） 从方框中选择正确的词或短语完成句子（注意变形）。 try to give up be similar to take pride in all kinds of traffic jam be curious about go camping take up be made of 1. We plan to _________ in the forest next weekend. 2. My new watch _________ yours, but it's a bit cheaper. 3. You should _________ learn something new every day. 4. I _________ the stars in the sky when I was a child. 5. Please _________ this hobby — it's really fun! 6. The desk _________ wood, so it's very heavy. 7. There was a terrible _________ on the road this morning. 8. My parents _________ my achievements. 9. Never _________ your dream, no matter how hard it is. 10. There are _________ flowers in the garden. 词性转换答案： 1. windy 2. bravery 3. challenging 4. invention 5. discussion 6. creative 7. possibility 8. excited 9. exciting 10. succeeded 11. interesting 12. interested 13. broken 14. mixed 15. careful 16. sadly 17. countless 18. boring 19. hopeful 20. powerful 语法填空答案： Passage 1: 1. experience 2. joined 3. woke 4. windy 5. tried 6. reaching 7. interesting 8. made 9. shared 10. wonderful Passage 2: 1. creates 2. decided 3. separate 4. mixed 5. beat 6. burn 7. carefully 8. was filled 9. proud 10. tasty 中译英答案： 1. I am very curious about learning new things. 2. She succeeded in getting the first prize in the competition. 3. Can you help me solve this difficult problem? 4. This box is too heavy for me to carry. 5. He is very proud of his achievements. 6. We found a lot of useful information on the website. 7. Don't give up your dreams, and keep trying! 8. She hurried to school, but she was still late. 9. My schoolbag is very similar to yours. 10. Please separate these apples from those bad ones. 选词填空答案： 1. go camping 2. is similar to 3. try to 4. was curious about 5. take up 6. is made of 7. traffic jam 8. take pride in 9. give up 10. all kinds of 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $