期末素能测评 2025-2026学年人教版八年级下册英语

**基本信息** 以八年级下册期末综合测评为主线，整合词汇、语法、阅读、写作等模块，通过真实情境与文化载体考查语言能力、思维品质及跨文化意识。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10题|考查词汇辨析（如audience）、语法（unless条件句、过去进行时）|基础词汇与语法规则的直接应用，构建语言能力基础| |完形填空|15题|东汉荀巨伯故事，考查动词、名词等实词及上下文理解|以文化故事为载体，融合词汇运用与逻辑推理，体现文化意识| |阅读理解|20题（A实验报告/B说明文）|细节理解、推理判断（如温室效应实验、斜置货架设计）|通过科学与生活文本，培养信息提取与批判性思维，提升思维品质| |词汇/语法/写作|35分（词汇5题/语法10空/写作1篇）|单词拼写（惩罚、亲戚）、时态（过去进行时）、校园文化回信|词汇-语法-语篇输出递进，强化语言运用与跨文化表达，发展学习能力|

2025-2026学年八年级下册期末素养能力测评卷 （满分：100分 考试时间：60分钟） 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共10分） 从每小题的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 （　）1. The whole ______ stood up and clapped wildly when our school band finished the performance. A. police B. audience C. team D. organization （　）2. I put the handmade bookmark on my deskmate’s desk _____ to give her a surprise for her birthday. A. warmly B. suddenly C. secretly D. correctly （　　）3. You won’t improve your spoken English ______ you practice speaking it every day. A. if B. unless C. because D. when （　　）4. The school bus broke down on the way. ______, we were 20 minutes late for the spring outing. A. Therefore B. Also C. However D. Instead （　　）5. — I called you at 7:30 last night, but no one answered. — Sorry, I ______ dinner for my family with my mom then. A. cook B. cooked C. am cooking D. was cooking （　　）6. It’s ______ to see fireflies in our city now, so all the kids screamed excitedly when they spotted them in the suburb last week. A. common B. normal C. usual D. unusual （　　）7. The cartoon we watched last weekend is the ______ one I’ve ever seen. The plot made no sense at all. A. best B. oldest C. worst D. rudest （　　）8. All the students in our grade will go to the science museum this Friday ______ Li Ming. He has to attend a piano competition. A. besides B. beside C. including D. except （　　）9. I always ______ at 6:00 a.m. to read English aloud before breakfast. A. wake up B. get on C. put out D. look for （　　）10. — Would you like to join our volunteer team to clean the community park tomorrow? — ______, but I have to help my grandma with housework. A. It’s up to you B. That sounds boring C. I’m sorry to hear that D. I’d love to 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） 阅读短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出最佳答案。 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named Xun Jubo. He was famous for his loyalty and kindness, and many people respected him very much. Here is a story about his integrity. One day, Xun Jubo went to visit his friend who was 1____ from a serious illness. While he was staying with his friend, a group of Hu people (ancient northern nomads) invaded the county. His friend said to him weakly, “I’m dying now, so you’d better 2____ quickly! The invaders are coming.” But Xun Jubo shook his 3____ and said firmly, “I came here to see you because I care about you. How can I leave you alone just to save 4____ own life?” The friend tried hard to persuade him to go, but Xun Jubo refused to leave. Soon, the Hu soldiers broke into the house. They were 5____ to see Xun Jubo staying there calmly. One of the soldiers asked, “Everyone else has fled. Why are you still here?” Xun Jubo replied seriously, “My friend is ill, and I can’t leave him behind. If you want to kill someone, kill 6____, but let my friend go.” The Hu soldiers looked at each other in surprise. They said, “We are inhumane people invading a land of 7 ____people.” Then they said to Xun Jubo, “We won’t hurt you or your friend. We will 8____ now.” After that, the whole group of invaders 9 ____the county, and the whole county was saved because of Xun Jubo’s kindness. From then on, people all praised Xun Jubo for his loyalty and courage. His story became a classic example of how noble character can even move 10____ enemies. It teaches us that treating others with sincerity can resolve conflicts, and kindness is always more powerful than 11____. What Xun Jubo did was not complicated—he simply chose to keep his promise and care for his friend. This small act of loyalty had a huge 12____ on the whole county. Even today, his story still reminds us that 13 ____and integrity are the most valuable qualities a person can have. We should all learn from him to be 14____ to our friends and family, and treat everyone with 15____. （　　）1. A. suffering B. preventing C. borrowing D. separating （　　）2. A. research B. leave C. argue D. remain （　　）3. A. shoulder B. knee C. head D. foot （　　）4. A. my B. your C. his D. their （　　）5. A. scared B. relaxed C. surprised D. bored （　　）6. A. me B. him C. them D. you （　　）7. A. brave B. honest C. wealthy D. humorous （　　）8. A. attack B. destroy C. leave D. protect （　　）9. A. attacked B. destroyed C. left D. protected （　　）10. A. polite B. cruel C. friendly D. strange （　　）11. A. force B. knowledge C. wealth D. fame （　　）12. A. difference B. easy C. boring D. interesting （　　）13. A. loyalty B. strength C. wisdom D. humor （　　）14. A. kind B. rude C. cold D. angry （　　）15. A. carefulness B. strictness C. honesty D. humor 三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Li Hua’s study group carried out an experiment to model the greenhouse effect. Here is their report. Question What is the greenhouse effect? Materials Two cups, soil, two thermometers, a glass jar Place An outdoor area Steps 1. Prepare two cups with soil, and mark A and B on the cups. 2. Stick the thermometers in Cup A and Cup B. 3. Put the two cups in the sunlight for 10 minutes and record the temperatures in the two cups as A1 and B1. 4. Place the glass jar upside down over Cup A and keep Cup B unchanged. After 10 minutes, record the temperatures in A2 and B2. 5. Compare the temperatures in Cup A and Cup B. Record The temperatures in Step 3 Cup A: A1 = 28℃ Cup B: B1 = 28℃ Findings A1 is the same as B1. ▲ （　　）1. Which of the following materials is NOT needed in the experiment? A. A stick. B. Soil. C. A thermometer. D. A glass jar. （　　）2. What is the best weather for doing the experiment? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. D. Windy. （　　）3. What do we know about the two cups in Step 3? A. Their temperatures were the same after 10 minutes in the sun. B. Cup A was covered with a glass jar in this step. C. Cup B was 2℃ higher than Cup A after the test. D. They were put in a fridge to keep cool. （　　）4. Which of the following can be put in “▲”? A. A2 is two degrees higher than B2. B. A2 is three degrees lower than A1. C. B2 is three degrees higher than B1. D. B2 is one degree lower than A1. （　　）5. In which class may Li Hua’s study group share the report? A. Math. B. Physics. C. Biology. D. Geography. B Have you ever noticed that drinks in convenience stores are always displayed on slanted shelves? You might think it’s just to make the shelves look fuller, but actually, this design has three practical purposes. First, it makes grabbing drinks easier. The slanted shelf lets the drinks slide forward automatically, so you don’t have to reach deep into the shelf to get the last bottle. This saves time, especially when the store is busy. Second, it reduces damage to the bottles. If the shelves were flat, workers would have to push bottles to the front repeatedly, which might knock bottles against each other and cause leaks. The slanted design lets gravity do the work, avoiding unnecessary collisions. Third, it helps with stock management. When the front row of drinks is empty, workers can immediately see that the shelf needs refilling, instead of checking each flat shelf one by one. This improves work efficiency and ensures customers always see full shelves. So next time you grab a drink from a convenience store, take a second to appreciate this small but smart design! （　　）6. Why are drinks displayed on slanted shelves? A. Only to make shelves look fuller. B. To make drinks easier to grab. C. To make drinks look colder. D. To reduce the cost of shelves. （　　）7. What helps drinks slide forward on slanted shelves? A. Workers’ pushing. B. Gravity. C. Air pressure. D. Electric motors. （　　）8. What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A. Flat shelves are better for stock management. B. Slanted shelves help workers refill drinks faster. C. Workers check flat shelves every hour. D. Customers prefer slanted shelves to flat shelves. （　　）9. What does the underlined word “collisions” mean in the passage? A. 碰撞 B. 泄漏 C. 滑动 D. 倾斜 （　　）10. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How convenience stores keep drinks cold. B. Why drinks in convenience stores are expensive. C. Why drinks are displayed on slanted shelves. D. How workers manage convenience store shelves. 四、词汇运用（每小题1分，共5分） 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词，每空一词。 1. If you cheat in the exam, the teacher will p______ (惩罚) you strictly. 2. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, we usually visit our r______ (亲戚) and eat mooncakes together. 3. Our moral education class teaches us to care about ______ (社会的) problems like poverty and inequality. 4. The documentary The Eleven is ______ (值得的) watching because it shows the real life of wildlife. 5. When you travel to Yunnan, you should learn about different ______ (文化的) customs of ethnic minorities. 五、补全对话（每小题2分，共10分） 根据对话内容，从方框中选出适当的选项补全对话（有两项多余）。 A. Great! B. First, open this app. C. You’ve got it! D. I want this one. E. But I don’t know how to do it. Grandma: Hi, Xiaoyu. Are you free now? I want to post a photo of my square dance online. 1. ______ Xiaoyu: Don’t worry, Grandma. 2. ______ Let’s open this short-video app first. Grandma: Okay, I tapped the app icon. Xiaoyu: After that, click on “upload”. Grandma: Yes, click on “upload”. Xiaoyu: 3. ______ Now, which photo do you want to upload? Grandma: 4. ______ It’s the one of me dancing in the park last week. Xiaoyu: Perfect choice! Now double-click that photo, and write a caption if you want. Grandma: All right. Xiaoyu: And finally, click “post”—that’s it! 5. ______ Your dance friends will see it soon! 六、语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last night, I had a strange dream. While I was walking along the river near my home, I saw a silver UFO land on the grass. Three aliens climbed out. I was 1_____ (surprise) to find they could speak Chinese fluently—I thought they 2_____ (may) speak a strange alien language. They told me they came to Earth to learn about our environmental protection work. They said they 3 _____(make) a decision to take away all the trash in our city, but they didn’t know the local sorting rules. I knew trash sorting was important, so I called the community worker 4 _____thinking twice. The worker came quickly and taught the aliens how to sort trash. The aliens listened 5 _____(careful) and thanked us. Then they started picking up litter along the river. I wanted to help, so I ran towards them 6_____ (brave). 7 _____(sudden), my alarm clock went off. I woke up and realized I 8 _____(lie) in my bed, holding the alarm clock in my hand. It was just a dream, but it made me realize we should all work harder to protect our environment. I hope more people 9_____ (join) trash sorting activities in the future. Even small actions can make a big 10_____ (different) to our planet. 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。 In July 2023, during the Chengdu World University Games, a small device caught everyone’s attention: a smart translation earbud. It was designed to help foreign athletes and volunteers communicate smoothly without language barriers. The earbud has three working modes. The “simultaneous translation mode” can translate English, French, Spanish and 12 other languages into Chinese in real time, with a delay of less than 0.5 seconds. The “scene recognition mode” can automatically identify scenarios like medical consultations, sports competitions and catering, and adjust translation vocabulary accordingly. The “offline mode” supports core translation functions even without internet connection. At the Games, thousands of volunteers used these earbuds to guide foreign athletes, explain match rules and help with daily needs. Maria, a track and field athlete from Brazil, said, “The earbud is amazing! I can talk to volunteers freely now, and I even learned a few Chinese phrases with its help.” However, some people have concerns. Mr. Li, a volunteer, said, “The earbud is convenient, but it sometimes translates idioms incorrectly. We still need to double-check important information.” Professor Wang, a linguistics expert, added, “Smart devices are tools to assist humans, not to replace them. We should balance technology use and human communication.” Faced with different opinions, the earbud’s developer said, “Our goal is to help people connect, not to take the place of human interaction.” 1. What did the smart translation earbud do at the Chengdu World University Games? (不超过15词) 2. How many working modes does the earbud have? (不超过5词) 3. What can the earbud do? (举两例即可，不超过20词) 4. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? (不超过10词) 5. How do you like the smart translation earbud? Why? (不超过15词) 八、书面表达（共15分） 假设你是中学生李平，你的澳大利亚笔友Anna暑假要来中国参加校园文化交流夏令营，她想提前了解中国的校园文化。请你根据以下要点提示，给她写一封80-100词的回信（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 要点提示： 1. 课堂礼仪：发言要举手，尊重老师； 2. 校园活动：每学期有运动会、艺术节，大家可自愿报名参加； 3. 同学相处：互相帮助，分享食物，友好相处。 参考词汇： raise hands 举手；voluntary 自愿的；get along with 与……相处 Dear Anna, I’m so excited to hear that you’re coming to China for the summer camp! Let me tell you something about our school culture.___________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to meeting you soon! Yours, Li Ping 参考答案及评分标准 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共10分） 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. D 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. C 三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共20分） 1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 四、词汇运用（每小题1分，共5分） 1. punish 2. relatives 3. social 4. worth 5. cultural 五、补全对话（每小题2分，共10分） 1. E 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 六、语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分） 1. surprised 2. might 3. had made 4. without 5. carefully 6. bravely 7. Suddenly 8. was lying 9. will join 10. difference 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） 1. It helped foreign athletes and volunteers communicate smoothly. 2. Three. 3. It can translate languages in real time and recognize different scenes. (任意两例即可) 4. Different opinions about the earbud. 5. I think it’s helpful because it breaks language barriers. (言之有理即可) 八、书面表达（15分） 参考范文： Dear Anna, I’m so excited to hear that you’re coming to China for the summer camp! Let me tell you something about our school culture. First, we have strict classroom manners. You need to raise your hand if you want to speak, and it’s important to show respect to teachers. Second, we have rich campus activities every semester, such as the sports meeting and art festival. You can sign up voluntarily for the ones you like. Third, students here are very friendly. We often help each other with study problems, share snacks and get along well with each other. I’m sure you’ll love our school life! Looking forward to meeting you soon! Yours, Li Ping 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $