Unit 5 We Have only One Earth-被动语态-（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）

这是中职英语《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 5的被动语态同步教学课件，共32页。内容涵盖被动语态定义、基本结构、主动变被动步骤及特殊情况、各时态被动语态、主动表被动情况，辅以动词过去分词变化及基础巩固练习，构建完整学习支架。 资料特色突出，融合核心素养。语言能力上通过对比主动被动例句提升理解表达，文化意识融入环保主题例句培养责任意识，思维品质借助时态表格和口诀归纳提升分析能力，学习能力通过步骤化讲解和分层练习强化方法掌握。创新采用主题化例句、特殊情况分类及口诀记忆，帮助学生系统掌握语法，为教师同步教学提供结构化资源。中职学生英语基础薄弱，资料通过直观实例和分层练习降低难度，适合语法同步教学，助力学生打好基础。

被动语态 Passive Voice 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 5 We Have only One Earth语法 目录 CONTENTS 01 02 03 04 定义及基本结构 主动语态变被动语态 各时态下的被动语态 主动表被动的情况 05 基础巩固 05 能力提升 导 入 什么是语态？ encourage students to participate in after-school activities. 老师们鼓励学生参加课外活动。 Students are encouraged to participate in after-school activities. 学生们被鼓励参加课外活动。 什么成分发生了变化 主语 谓语 和 语态就是：主语和谓语之间的关系 Teachers 什么是被动语态？ You should sharpen your skills. 你应该磨炼你的技能。 Your skills should be sharpened by you. 你的技能应该被磨炼。 是主语 是动作的执行者 是主语 是动作的承受者 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 被动语态的基本结构 You sharpened your skills. Your skills were sharpened you. 被动语态的结构：承受者+be+过去分词+（by+执行者） by 动词的过去分词 直接加-ed 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-ed 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音+ed play → played work → worked 以 “e” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “-d” listen → listened like→liked invite → invited study → studied stop → stopped cry → cried drop → dropped love → loved carry → carried 动词的规则变化 动词的过去分词 cost → cost meet→ met take→ taken bring→brought buy→ bought smell→ smelt say→ said catch→ caught leave→ left find→ found begin→ begun 常见动词的不规则变化 have /has→ had be→been go → gone break → broken cut→ cut 以下哪些句子是被动语态？ A. My grandmother is cooking in the kitchen. B. Dinner was cooked by my mother yesterday. C. The work will be finished by Tom in 3 days. D. The students have travelled to France. E. The rooms are being painted by the workers now. Tip： 1. be+及物动词过去分词 2. by+宾语 will be finished was cooked are being painted 被动语态的基本句型 一、肯定句： 主语 + be + 过去分词（+ by ...） eg. We are called on to take an active part in the activity. 二、否定句： 主语 + be not + 过去分词（+ by ...） eg. We are not called on to take an active part in the activity. 被动语态的基本句型 Be+ 主语 + 过去分词（+ by ...）？ Yes, 主语 + be./No, 主语 + be not. 一般疑问句 Will the problem be dealt with next week. Yes, it will./ No, it won’t. 特殊疑问词 + be (+ 主语) + 过去分词（+ by ...）？ 特殊疑问句 When will the problem be dealt with? 使用被动语态的情况 1.强调动作的承受者，而不是执行者 Renewable energy is being promoted by governments worldwide. 2.不知道或没必要说明执行者 We have been encouraged to reduce single-use plastics. New environmental laws were introduced last year. 主动语态变被动语态 Mary solved the problem. The problem was solved Mary. by 步骤 1 将主动语态的宾语(the problem) 作被动语态的主语(the problem) 谓语动词变为“ be+及物动词的过去分词( was solved )”，并通过 be的变化来表现出不同的时态(词句为过去时）。 步骤 2  主动语态的主语变为介词 by的宾语( by Tom)，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时 by短语可以省略) 步骤 3 特殊情况 The environmental group put forward a new waste-recycling plan. A new waste-recycling plan was put forward by the environmental group. Volunteers take care of the trees in the community park. The trees in the community park are taken care of by volunteers. No1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。 特殊情况 The children were given many good books by them. Many good books were given to the children by them. 间接宾语转化为主语 人：间接宾语 物：直接宾语 直接宾语转化为主语 Tip： 1.有些及物动词，如give,send,take,bring,tell,show等，直接宾语转化为主语时， 被保留的间接宾语前通常加 to. 2. 有些及物动词，如buy,make,find,get,draw等,直接宾语变为主语时， 被保留的间接宾语前通常加 for. NO2. 句子谓语是双宾语及物动词，将间接宾语或将直接宾语转化为句子主语均可。 They gave the children many good books. 特殊情况 使役动词的被动语态： The school makes all students sort their garbage every day. All students are made to sort their garbage every day by the school. make sb do be made to do let sb do be let to do have sb do be had to do No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to 特殊情况 感官动词的被动语态： People saw the factory pour waste water into the river. The factory was seen to pour waste water into the river. see/notice sb do be seen/noticed to do hear sb do be heard to do watch sb do be watched to do No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to 特殊情况 Experts say that climate change is affecting crop yields. It is said that climate change is affecting crop yields. Scientists have proved that plastic pollution harms marine life. It has been proved that plastic pollution harms marine life. No4. 主动语态的宾语是句子（宾语从句），变为被动语态时通常用it作形式主语，真正主语放在后面。 各时态下的被动语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 一般过去时 be/do/does was/ were, did am/ is / are + done was/ were + done 一般将来时 过去将来时 will do would do will + be + done would + be + done 现在进行时 过去进行时 am/is/are + doing was/were + doing am/ is / are + being + done was/ were + being + done 现在完成时 过去完成时 have/has + done had + done have/has + been + done had + been + done 各时态下的被动语态 一般现在时 & 一般过去时 The recycling center is located in the west of the city. 一般过去时：was/were + done 一般现在时：am/is/are + done A large area of forest was destroyed by the fire last year. 各时态下的被动语态 一般将来时 & 过去将来时 A new solar power plant will be built in the desert. 过去将来时：would be + done 一般将来时：will/shall be + done The local government said a waste treatment plant would be built in the town. 各时态下的被动语态 现在进行时 & 过去进行时 New environmental laws are being discussed by the government. 过去进行时：was/were being + done 现在进行时：am/is/are being + done When we arrived, the river was being polluted by the factory. 各时态下的被动语态 现在完成时 & 过去完成时 Many endangered species have been protected by conservation efforts. 过去完成时：had been + done 现在完成时：have/has been + done The river had been cleaned before the new factory opened. 各时态下的被动语态 情态动词 The problem of plastic pollution must be solved as soon as possible. 情态动词：情态动词 + be done These old trees can’t be cut down without permission. 口诀： Be是变形金刚，时态全靠它扛！现在 am/is/are，过去was/were 来上； 进行 being 来帮忙，完成 been 不能忘； 将来 will 打头阵，过去进行 being 双！ 注：最后一句指过去进行时含两个 be 变形：was/were + being 主动形式表被动含义 The cloth feels very soft. 这种布感觉很柔软。 The plan to reduce waste sounds practical. 减少浪费的计划听起来很可行。 The food smells good. 这个食物闻起来不错。 The recycled paper looks just like new.再生纸看起来和新的一样。 1. 系表结构,如look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear,seem 主动形式表被动含义 The pen writes well. The new eco-friendly products sell well in the market. The window won’t shut. The news spread quickly. 这个消息传播地很快。 The war broke out in 1937. 战争在1937年爆发了。 2.主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的不及物动词。 如：wash/write/sell/lock/shut/open/move/cut等，特别是后面加副词well/quickly. 3.某些表示“发生”（happen,take place）,“爆发”（break out, burst out）, “传播”（spread）等不及物动词。 主动形式表被动含义 The old park needs cleaning after the storm. = The old park needs to be cleaned after the storm. need/want/require doing=need/want/require to be done The documentary about climate change is worth watching. The efforts to save endangered animals are worth supporting. 4. 表示“需要”的动词之后，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。 5. worth+doing的主动形式表示被动意义。 基础巩固 一、单词的适当形式填空 1. 1. Cars _____________ (drive) on the left side of the road in Britain. 2. Sugar _____________ (add) to tea to make it sweeter. 3. The pen___________(write) well. 4. This book is worth_____________ (read) . are driven 5. The sofa_____________ (feel) soft . is added writes reading feels 基础巩固 二、选择题 1. The girl ________ good care________ by her father. 2. The teacher_________ by the students. A. takes; of B. was taken; for C. is taken; of D. was taken; to A. was listen B. was listened to C. listened to D. was listening to 3. The gift was _________ the pretty girl. A. bought for B.bought C.bought to D. showed 4. The picture was _________ the old man. A. showed for B.showed to C.showing D. showed C B A B 基础巩固 一、选择题 1. Many new measures ______ to reduce pollution, and good results have appeared so far. A. have taken B. have been taken C. took D. were taken 2. The old wooden bridge ______ next month, so we have to choose another route. A. will rebuild B. is rebuilt C. will be rebuilt D. has been rebuilt 3. Look! The river ______ right now by a group of volunteers. A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. is being cleaned D. has been cleaned 4. All the rules about waste sorting ______ strictly followed in public areas. A. must be B. must C. can be being D. should being 5. The problem ______ at the meeting when I walked into the room yesterday. A. discussed B. was discussing C. was being discussed D. had discussed Summary 01 02 03 04 定义及基本结构 主动语态变被动语态 各时态下的被动语态 主动表被动的情况 感谢大家观看 PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT THANK YOU FOR LISTENING AND WATCHING $