考前押题05 首字母填空常考话题（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材译林版

**基本信息** 聚焦8大高频话题，精选24篇真实考题，系统训练首字母填空语境词汇运用能力 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |家乡变化等8大话题|每话题3篇，含江苏多地期中/月考题|首字母填空，考查语境词汇、固定搭配及语法应用|以话题为单元构建词汇网络，从生活情境到社会热点，培养语言能力与文化意识|

专题05 首字母填空常考话题 话题1 家乡变化 话题2 景点/建筑 话题3 网络旅行 话题4 阅读 话题5 礼仪与习俗 话题6 志愿服务 话题7 慈善机构 话题8 环境保护 话题1 家乡变化 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省镇江市丹阳市·期中)Ten years ago, my hometown was like a black-and-white photo. The streets were n 1 , with bicycle bells “ding-ding-ing” and old men playing chess under trees. Today, it’s turned into a bright and colourful painting The dirty paths became wide paved roads with trees and flowers on both sides. Last month, the high-speed railway station o 2 . My cousin in Shanghai can visit us in just 1 hour It used to take my father 5 hours by bus. How l 3 our generation (一代人) are! O 4 there was a smelly river behind our school. But now it becomes a clear stream with wooden walkways. Every spring, families have picnics under cherry blossom trees that volunteers planted in the park. My friends have fun playing sports, i 5 pingpong, badminton, and so on. Even Grandma uses smartphones She video-calls cousins in Australia and buys groceries through apps. The new smart library near the square is my favorite spot. No librarians—just scan your ID, and the robot brings you b 6 ! But some things never change. The 500-year-old stone bridge s 7 stands proudly, protected as cultural heritage (遗产). Old tea houses now sell milk tea together with traditional longjing tea, m 8 old with new. During some important festivals, people use many LED lanterns to f 9 different characters in the sky. Moreover, we set up shining drones (无人机). These cool new ways help us add old traditions to our m 10 lives. I love my hometown’s progress and I’m glad we’ re growing wisely, not just quickly. 【答案】 1．(n)arrow 2．(o)pened 3．(l)ucky 4．(O)nce 5．(i)ncluding 6．(b)ooks 7．(s)till 8．(m)ixing 9．(f)orm 10．(m)odern 【导语】本文为记叙文，讲述了作者家乡十年间在街道、交通、环境、生活方式等方面的变化，既有新事物的发展，也有传统文化的传承，体现家乡的进步与发展。 1．句意：街道很窄，有自行车的“叮叮”铃声，还有老人在树下下棋。后文提到“Today…dirty paths became wide paved roads”（如今，肮脏的小路变成了宽阔的铺装路），说明十年前的道路状况与现在形成对比。wide“宽阔的”的反义词是 narrow“狭窄的”。故填(n)arrow。 2．句意：上个月，高铁站开放了。从“My cousin in Shanghai can visit us in just 1 hour”（上海的表亲能1小时来拜访），可知是高铁站“开放”了，“last month”是过去的时间状语，结合首字母“o”，要用open“开放”的过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。 3．句意：我们这一代人多幸运啊！对比过去交通（以前爸爸坐公交5小时，现在高铁1小时），体现当下生活便利，是“幸运的”，结合首字母“l”，lucky“幸运的”。故填(l)ucky。 4．句意：曾经我们学校后面有一条臭气熏天的河。与后文“but now”对比，说的是“过去”，结合首字母“O”，Once“曾经”。故填(O)nce。 5．句意：我的朋友们做运动很开心，包括乒乓球、羽毛球等等。“pingpong, badminton”是对“sports”的列举，用于列举事物，首字母“i”，“including”是介词符合语法。including“包括”。故填(i)ncluding。 6．句意：没有图书管理员——只需扫描你的身份证，机器人就会给你拿书。在图书馆，机器人根据扫描身份证的操作，是拿“书”，结合首字母“b”，book“书”，用复数“books”。故填(b)ooks。 7．句意：有500年历史的石桥仍然骄傲地矗立着，作为文化遗产受到保护。前文说“some things never change”（有些东西从未改变），所以石桥“仍然”矗立，结合首字母“s”，still“仍然”，副词修饰动词。故填(s)till。 8．句意：旧茶馆现在既卖奶茶，也卖传统的龙井茶，将旧与新融合。旧茶馆卖两种茶的做法是“融合”新旧，结合首字母“m”，mixing“融合”，现在分词作伴随状语。故填(m)ixing。 9．句意：在一些重要节日期间，人们用许多LED灯笼在天空中形成不同的字符。LED灯笼在天空呈现字符，是“形成”，结合首字母“f”，form“形成”，“use sth. to do sth.”结构用动词原形。故填(f)orm。 10．句意：这些很酷的新方式帮助我们把古老传统融入我们现代的生活。与“old traditions”（古老传统）相对，是“现代的”生活，结合首字母“m”，modern“现代的”。故填(m)odern。 Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏省镇江市丹徒区镇江市宜城中学教育集团五校联考·月考)I love my hometown, it has changed a lot over the years. It is in the n 1 part of the country. Recently, it has changed a lot. The e 2 is much better now. The air is cleaner, and there are more green s 3 . This is great for people who love nature and want to enjoy outdoor activities, s 4 as travelling and visiting new places. However, some people feel a bit l 5 because the city is growing fast and it’s hard to keep in t 6 with friends. A 7 , the changes are fantastic. There are more jobs and better facilities, like new shopping centers and d 8 kinds of restaurants. Last weekend, I received an i 9 and was asked about these changes. I think the city is improving, e 10 some traffic problems. I hope we can continue to make it a better place to live. 【答案】 1．(n)orthern/(n)orthwestern/(n)ortheastern 2．(e)nvironment 3．(s)paces 4．(s)uch 5．(l)onely 6．(t)ouch 7．(A)nyway 8．(d)ifferent 9．(i)nterview 10．(e)xcept 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家乡近年来的变化，包括环境的改善、设施的增多以及一些随之而来的问题。 1．句意：它位于国家的北部/西北部/东北部。空处位于名词part前，填形容词作定语。根据“of the country”和首字母提示可知，作者家乡在北部或西北部或东北部。northern“北方的”，northwestern“西北方的”，northeastern“东北方的”，都是形容词。故填(n)orthern/(n)orthwestern/(n)ortheastern。 2．句意：现在环境好多了。空处位于is前，填名词作主语。根据“The air is cleaner”和首字母提示可知，此处指环境好多了。environment“环境”，不可数名词。故填(e)nvironment。 3．句意：空气更清新，有更多的绿化用地。空处位于形容词green后，be动词用的are，填可数名词复数作主语。根据“there are more green”和首字母提示可知，此处指有更多的绿化用地。space“场地”，可数名词，复数为spaces。故填(s)paces。 4．句意：这对于热爱自然和想要享受像旅行和参观新地方等户外活动的人来说很棒。根据“travelling and visiting new places.”和首字母提示可知，此处表示举例说明。such as“例如”。故填(s)uch。 5．句意：然而，有些人感到有点孤独，因为城市发展很快，很难与朋友保持联系。空处位于feel a bit后，填形容词作表语。根据“the city is growing fast”和首字母提示可知，城市发展过快，人们感到孤独。lonely“孤独的”，形容词。故填(l)onely。 6．句意：然而，有些人感到有点孤独，因为城市发展很快，很难与朋友保持联系。根据“some people feel a bit lonely”和“because the city is growing fast”和首字母提示可知，城市发展过快，与朋友保持联系有些困难。keep in touch with sb“与……保持联系”。故填(t)ouch。 7．句意：无论如何，这些变化是极好的。根据“the changes are fantastic”和首字母提示可知，无论怎样，有变化都是好的。anyway“无论如何”，副词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填(A)nyway。 8．句意：有更多的工作和更好的设施，比如新的购物中心和不同种类的餐馆。空处位于名词kinds前，填形容词作定语。根据“kinds of restaurants”和首字母提示可知，此处指不同种类的餐馆。different“不同的”，形容词。故填(d)ifferent。 9．句意：上周末，我接受了一个采访，被问及这些变化。空处位于an后，填可数名词单数作宾语。根据“was asked about these changes”和首字母提示可知，此处指接受采访。interview“采访”，可数名词。故填(i)nterview。 10．句意：我认为城市正在改善，除了一些交通问题。根据“some traffic problems”和首字母提示可知，此处表示除了交通问题没有改善，其余都有改善。except“除了”，介词。故填(e)xcept。 Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏省连云港市灌南县·期中)In the p 1 few years, great changes have taken place around us. The roads u 2 to be narrow and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was r 3 everywhere. And the air wasn’t f 4 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the waste into the river. Water p 5 was also a big problem. Nowadays, our living c 6 have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It’s really easy for people to go out. We can c 7 different types of transport to go anywhere. The g 8 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 9 into big beautiful houses. Moreover, mobile phones make c 10 much easier now. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colorful flowers. Our country is becoming richer and stronger. We are living a happy life. 【答案】 1．(p)ast 2．(u)sed 3．(r)ubbish 4．(f)resh 5．(p)ollution 6．(c)onditions 7．(c)hoose 8．(g)overnment 9．(m)oved 10．(c)ommunication 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了过去几年家乡发生的巨大变化，从环境、交通、住房等方面对比了过去和现在的不同。 1．句意：在过去的几年里，我们周围发生了巨大的变化。根据“In the p… few years”和时间对比语境，此处需表示“过去的”。单词“past”意为“过去的”，符合语境。故填(p)ast。 2．句意：过去道路狭窄拥挤。本文讲述近几年生活条件的变化；根据下文“The houses were old and small”可知此处讲述过去道路的状况；used to be意为“过去是……”；故填(u)sed。 3．句意：到处都是垃圾。根据“There was”可知，应填单数名词；本段描述过去“肮乱差”的状况，结合everywhere提示，可知此处指“到处是垃圾”；rubbish意为“垃圾”，不可数名词；故填(r)ubbish。 4．句意：空气不够清新。根据“the air wasn’t f…”可知，此处填形容词当表语；本段描述过去“肮乱差”的状况，上文“到处都是垃圾”，结合air提示，可知此处指“空气不清新”；fresh意为“清新的”；故填(f)resh。 5．句意：水污染也是一个大问题。根据“Water p… was”可知，此处是句子的主语，填名词；根据“They often put the waste into the river”可知经常把废物倒进河里，会造成水污染问题；pollution意为“污染”，不可数名词；故填(p)ollution。 6．句意：现在，我们的生活条件有了很大的改善。根据“our living c… have improved”可知，此处是句子的主语，填名词；下文“The roads…transport…many tall buildings…”从道路、交通、住房讲述现在生活条件的改善了很多；condition意为“条件”，结合“have improved”可知填复数名词；故填(c)onditions。 7．句意：我们可以选择不同的交通工具去任何地方。根据上文“It’s really easy for people to go out”可知，人们出行方便；此处指“可以选择不同的交通工具”；choose意为“选择”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(c)hoose。 8．句意：政府已经建造了许多高楼。根据“built many tall buildings”可知，是政府建造高楼，government意为“政府”，是实施主体。故填(g)overnment。 9．句意：我们大多数人都搬进了漂亮的大房子。根据“many tall buildings”可知有许多新房子，人们应该搬进新房子；move意为“移动”，此处是句子的谓语，根据have提示可知填过去分词构成现在完成时；故填(m)oved。 10．句意：手机使沟通现在更加容易。根据“mobile phones”的功能，需填“沟通”。communication意为“交流/沟通”，符合科技便利的主题。故填(c)ommunication。 话题2 景点/建筑 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省连云港市灌南县·月考)Nanjing, one of the ancient capitals of China, rests in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Rich in history and culture, Nanjing has long been a p 1 tourist attraction. Around the old city centre of Nanjing, there is a wall with a history of over 600 years. It is the best-protected and l 2 city wall in the world. Zhongshan Mountain National Park is also a good c 3 for first-time visitors. The fantastic mountains and h 4 buildings there are well w 5 a visit. Nanjing is a famous c 6 of knowledge and learning. Besides its many u 7 , the city is also p 8 of the Confucius Temple. It was once the highest e 9 body in ancient China. Why not take a boat trip a 10 the nearby Qinhuai River at night? It is a good way to enjoy the old-time feel there. 【答案】 1．popular/opular 2．longest/ongest 3．choice/hoice 4．historic/istoric 5．worth/orth 6．centre/entre/center/enter 7．universities/niversities 8．proud/roud 9．educational/ducational 10．along/long 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南京的历史地位、特色景点与文化教育风貌。 【详解】1．句意：南京历史文化底蕴丰厚，长期以来一直是热门的旅游胜地。此处需形容词修饰名词tourist attraction，结合首字母p及语境，填popular“受欢迎的、热门的”。 2．句意：它是世界上保存最完好、最长的城墙。此处与best-protected并列，需形容词最高级修饰名词city wall，结合首字母l及常识，填longest“最长的”。 3．句意：中山陵国家公园对初次来访的游客来说也是一个不错的选择。此处需名词，结合首字母c及语境，表达“选择”的含义，填choice“选择”。 4．句意：那里迷人的山峦和历史建筑非常值得一游。此处需形容词修饰名词buildings，全文主题是南京的历史文化景点，中山陵是历史文化建筑，结合首字母h及语境，填historic“历史的”。 5．句意：那里迷人的山峦和历史建筑非常值得一游。固定搭配be well worth a visit表示“非常值得一游”，结合首字母w，填worth“值得的”。 6．句意：南京是著名的知识和学习中心。此处需名词，结合首字母c及语境，表达“中心”的含义，填centre/center“中心”。 7．句意：除了众多大学之外，这座城市还是夫子庙的所在地。此处需复数名词，前文说南京是“知识与学术中心”，对应“众多高校”，结合首字母u及语境，填universities“大学”。 8．句意：除了众多大学之外，这座城市也以夫子庙为荣。固定搭配“be proud of”表示“以……为荣”，结合首字母p及语境，填proud。 9．句意：它（夫子庙）曾是中国古代最高的教育机构。此处需形容词修饰名词body，结合首字母e及语境，填educational“具有教育意义的”，highest educational body意为“最高教育机构”，符合历史常识和前文“知识与学术”的主题。 10．句意：为什么不在晚上乘船沿着附近的秦淮河游览呢？此处需介词，结合首字母a及语境，表达“沿着”的含义，填along“沿着”。 Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏省南京市明道中学·期中)Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special f 1 of traditional Chinese culture and art. At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is u 2 a huge stone or wall to screen your view. This is to give you a pressed-in feeling in order to later produce unexpected joy w 3 you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations (假山) and a big lake. The best e 4 is the Summer Palace. Rock formations play an important role in the d 5 of a Chinese-style garden. Without them, a garden could not be considered a Chinese-style garden. They are as i 6 to a Chinese-style garden as sculptures are to a European-style-garden. Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for its Four Seasons Rockeries. Gardens in the south are mostly small in size. Chinese garden designers have used the m 7 of “borrowing scenery with a mirror” to create a sense of space. A mirror is hung opposite a window to take in the o 8 scenery. A fine example of this is Pian Shi Shan Fang, a rockery in He Garden, Yangzhou. A big mirror is built into the wall of its west corridor (走廊). The whole garden will be s 9 in the mirror wherever the visitors are. A pool or a lake in a garden also serves this purpose. A pool runs from south to north t 10 the garden of Pian Shi Shan Fang. East of the rockery, a man-made moon is reflected (倒映) in the pool. Whatever methods used, every effort is made to achieve the purpose of giving visitors a sense of space in the garden. 【答案】 1．form/orm 2．usually/sually 3．when/hen 4．example/xample 5．design/esign 6．important/mportant 7．method/ethod 8．outside/utside 9．seen/een 10．through/hrough 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了中国园林，讲述了它的文化地位、入口造景、假山作用、南方园林的造景手法及营造空间感的技巧。 【详解】1．句意：中国园林是中国传统文化与艺术的一种特殊形式。结合前文提到的“中国园林”这一文化载体，以及首字母“f”，应填form，意为“形式”，是名词，a后接单数名词，与“传统文化与艺术”搭配，说明园林是文化艺术的呈现形式。 2．句意：在中国园林的入口处，通常会有一块巨石或一堵墙来遮挡视线。结合生活常识，中国园林的入口常设置障景，这是一种常见的造景手法，结合首字母“u”，应填usually，意为“通常”，是副词，用来描述这种常见的造景方式。 3．句意：这是为了给你一种压抑的感觉，以便当你转过厅堂看到令人惊叹的假山和大湖时，能产生意想不到的惊喜。结合上下文逻辑，前文提到“给你一种压抑的感觉”，后文描述“转过厅堂看到美景”，前后是时间先后的逻辑关系，结合首字母“w”，应填when，意为“当……的时候”，是连词，引导时间状语从句。 4．句意：最好的例子就是颐和园。结合前文介绍中国园林的造景特点，后文提到“颐和园”这一具体的园林实例，结合首字母“e”，应填example，意为“例子”，是名词，谓语是is，所以the后接单数名词，用来具体说明前文提到的造景手法的应用。 5．句意：假山在中式园林的设计中扮演着重要的角色。结合后文提到“没有它们，园林就不能被称为中式园林”，说明假山是园林设计的核心元素，结合首字母“d”，应填 design，意为“设计”，是名词，the后接名词，构成“园林的设计”这一语境。 6．句意：它们对于中式园林的重要性，就如同雕塑对于欧式园林一样。结合后文“雕塑对于欧式园林的意义”，前后形成类比，说明假山对中式园林的不可或缺性，结合首字母“i”，应填important，意为“重要的”，是形容词，构成固定搭配as important to...as...，表示“对……和对……一样重要”，与语境中假山的核心地位完全契合。 7．句意：中国园林设计师使用了“镜中借景”的方法来营造空间感。结合后文提到的“用镜子反射景色”这一造景技巧，结合首字母“m”，应填method，意为“方法”，是名词，the后接名词，指代前文提到的营造空间感的造景方式。 8．句意：一面镜子挂在窗户对面，用来映照室外的景色。结合前文“镜中借景”的手法，镜子反射的是窗外的景色，结合首字母“o”，应填outside，意为“外面的”，是形容词，修饰名词scenery，说明景色的来源。 9．句意：无论游客在哪里，整个花园都会被映照在镜子里。结合前文“镜子映照景色”，说明花园会被游客看到（映照在镜中），结合首字母“s”，应填seen，意为“被看到/映照”，是动词的过去分词，构成被动语态be seen，表示花园被镜子反射出来、被游客看到。 10．句意：在片石山房的花园里，有一个水池从南向北穿过。结合前文提到的“水池或湖泊也能营造空间感”，后文描述水池的走向，结合首字母“t”，应填through，意为“穿过”，是介词，表示水池从南到北贯穿花园的状态。 Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州市江都区华君国际初中·期中)Sayram Lake (赛里木湖) rests quietly in the heart of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang. Known as “the last tear of the Atlantic Ocean,” it is Xinjiang’s highest and largest alpine lake. As Sa Beining once said: “A trip to Xinjiang would not be complete without a visit to Sayram Lake.” A 1 the weather in the high mountains changes very fast, the lake’s bright blue colour almost never changes. Local c 2 have lived by the grasslands for hundreds of years. They love their home deeply and welcome tourists in a warm and friendly way. They take great pride in this great natural w 3 and pass on many old and interesting stories about the lake. The lake stands on the ancient Silk Road, with a long history and unique local culture. In summer, colourful flowers bloom everywhere around the lake. The wind blows gently, making the water look like a bright blue diamond. The air is fresh and pleasant, and the clear water is c 4 blue, and you can even see the Coregonus peled (高白鲑) at the bottom of the lake. Sheep and cows wander slowly across the green grass, enjoying the peaceful natural environment. When people first see the lake, they will surely fall in love with it. To many visitors’ s 5 , the lake is much more beautiful than they can imagine. To protect the lake, the local g 6 has built new roads and comfortable viewing areas. It also makes rules to ask people to protect nature and keep the place clean. Most visitors agree that it is w 7 visiting the lake again and again because it is so amazing. Many young people return to live here, feeling h 8 about their future. They work hard to make their hometown better and better. They try their best to keep the lake clean and beautiful, w 9 harming the environment. Sayram Lake really touches the h 10 of everyone who comes to visit this wonderful place. 【答案】 1．Although/lthough 2．citizens/itizens 3．wonder/onder 4．crystal 5．surprise/urprise 6．government/overnment 7．worth/orth 8．happy 9．without/ithout 10．hearts/earts 【导语】本文介绍了被誉为“大西洋最后一滴眼泪”的新疆赛里木湖，讲述了它的地理位置、当地的人文风情、绝美的自然景观、政府的保护举措，以及它带给每一位游客的心灵震撼。 【详解】1．句意：虽然高山地区的天气变化非常快，但湖水明亮的蓝色几乎从未改变。此处引导让步状语从句，表达转折逻辑，首字母为A，句首单词首字母需大写，Although意为“虽然、尽管”，符合语境。 2．句意：当地居民已经在草原边生活了数百年。结合语境及首字母c，citizens意为“居民、公民”，此处用复数形式指代当地生活的群体，符合语境。 3．句意：他们为这一伟大的自然奇观感到无比自豪，并传承着许多关于这个湖的古老有趣的故事。“natural wonder”为固定搭配，意为“自然奇观”，首字母为w，wonder符合语境。 4．句意：空气清新宜人，清澈的湖水呈水晶般的蓝色，你甚至可以看到湖底的高白鲑。修饰名词blue需用形容词作定语，首字母为c，crystal意为“水晶般的”，“crystal blue”形象地描绘出湖水清澈透亮的质感，符合语境。 5．句意：令许多游客惊讶的是，这个湖比他们想象的要美丽得多。“to one’s surprise”为固定搭配，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，首字母为s，surprise符合语境。 6．句意：为了保护这个湖，当地政府修建了新的道路和舒适的观景区域。结合“has built new roads”的施动者语境及首字母g，government意为“政府”，此处用单数形式，与后面的has保持主谓一致，符合语境。 7．句意：大多数游客都认为这个湖值得一去再去，因为它太迷人了。“be worth doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，首字母为w，worth符合语境。 8．句意：许多年轻人回到这里生活，对自己的未来感到开心。“feel happy about”为固定搭配，意为“对……感到开心”，首字母为h，happy意为“开心的”，形容词作表语，符合语境。 9．句意：他们尽最大努力保持湖水的清洁和美丽，不破坏环境。结合语境及首字母w，without意为“不、没有”，介词后接动名词harming，符合语法和语境。 10．句意：赛里木湖真的触动了每一个来到这个美丽地方的人的心。“touch the hearts of”为固定搭配，意为“触动……的心”，首字母为h，此处用复数形式hearts对应“everyone”，表示“每一个人的心”，符合语境。 话题3 网络旅行 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省连云港市新海初级中学教育集团·期中)There is an old Chinese saying, “It is better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.” I both like reading and travelling. I have read a book named Gulliver in Lilliput in r 1 days. I was shocked that his arms, legs and hair were t 2 to the ground by tiny people. I also had a special online tour around the world. Among a w 3 of popular cities in China, I chose to visit Shenzhen online. It is a beautiful city in the s 4 part of China. It has grown from a small village to a modern city. A 5 it is young, it has many famous h 6 companies and technology industries. As a pioneer city, Shenzhen has improved the quality of life for its  c 7 . I could hardly i 8 how fast it developed! This online tour let me visit many great places w 9 an hour. I t 10 enjoyed this unforgettable experience and learnt a lot. 【答案】 1．recent/ecent 2．tied/ied 3．wealth/ealth 4．southern/outhern 5．Although/lthough 6．high-tech/igh-tech 7．citizens/itizens 8．imagine/magine 9．within/ithin 10．truly/ruly 【导语】本文以古语开篇，介绍作者热爱阅读与旅行，讲述了阅读名著的经历和线上游览深圳的见闻与感悟。 【详解】1．句意：我近期读了一本名为《格列佛在小人国》的书。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词days；固定短语搭配提示语义与“近来的”相关；in recent days为固定常用搭配。结合首字母“r”，应填 recent。 2．句意：我十分震惊，他的四肢和头发都被小人捆绑在地面上。该处需一个动词过去分词，与were共同构成被动语态作谓语；结合名著情节提示语义与“捆绑”相关；被动语态结构要求动词使用过去分词形式。结合首字母“t”，应填tied。 3．句意：在中国众多热门城市当中，我选择线上游览深圳。该处需一个名词，构成固定短语作定语修饰cities；固定搭配a wealth of表示“大量的、众多的”，符合语境。 4．句意：它是一座坐落于中国南部的美丽城市。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词part；结合地理常识提示语义与“南方”相关。结合首字母“s”，应填southern。 5．句意：虽然这座城市发展历史较短，但是它拥有众多知名企业。该处需一个连词，引导让步状语从句；前后两句存在转折让步逻辑，语义与“虽然”相关。结合首字母“A”，应填Although。 6．句意：它拥有许多知名的高科技公司与科技产业。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词companies；后文technology industries提示语义与“高科技的”相关。结合首字母“h”，应填high-tech。 7．句意：作为一座先锋城市，深圳提升了市民的生活质量。该处需一个名词复数，在句中作介词宾语；结合城市发展语境提示语义与“市民”相关；一座城市对应多名居民，需用复数形式。结合首字母“c”，应填citizens。 8．句意：我几乎无法想象它的发展速度有多快。该处需一个动词原形，情态动词could后接动词原形作谓语；前文介绍深圳飞速发展，语义与“想象”相关。结合首字母“i”，应填imagine。 9．句意：这场线上旅行让我在一小时之内游览了许多好去处。该处需一个介词，在句中构成时间状语；语境提示语义与“在……之内”相关。结合首字母“w”，应填within。 10．句意：我真切地享受这段难忘的经历，并且收获颇丰。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语修饰动词enjoyed；结合上下文语境提示语义与“真正地”相关。结合首字母“t”，应填truly。 Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏盐城市康居路初中教育集团·月考)Have you noticed the “Tour” icon at the top of the travel website? Just c 1 on it, and you can visit the whole world in only a few hours! Nowadays, online travel has become more and more popular. It gives us a chance to see the world w 2 leaving our homes. For example, you can visit the Louvre Museum in Paris and enjoy the great w 3 of art online. If you are a nature lover, you can take a virtual walk in the C 4 Park to relax after a day’s hard work. Online travel is not only easy, but also cheap. You don’t need to b 5 tickets, hotels or plane tickets. It also helps protect the natural and cultural attractions, because fewer visitors go there in p 6 . Of course, some people still prefer real travel. It usually takes time and money. But it gives you memories you can keep forever. I 7 you go to Suzhou’s gardens, you can touch the stone bridges and f 8 the cool wind from the lakes. W 9 you choose online travel or real travel, the m 10 important thing is to open eyes and enjoy the journey of discovery. 【答案】 1．click/lick 2．without/ithout 3．works/orks 4．Central/entral 5．book/ook 6．person/erson 7．If/f 8．feel/eel 9．Whether/hether 10．most/ost 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了线上旅行的流行、优势，同时提及了真实旅行的特点，最后说明无论选择哪种旅行方式，享受探索之旅才是最重要的。 【详解】1．句意：只要点击它，你就能在短短几小时内环游整个世界！结合“Tour icon”的语境，此处应是表示“点击”，首字母c对应 click，句子为祈使句，用动词原形。 2．句意：它给了我们不用离开家就能看世界的机会。“leaving our homes”为动名词短语，结合“线上旅行”的特点，此处表示“不用离家”，首字母w对应介词without“没有、不用”。 3．句意：例如，你可以在线参观巴黎卢浮宫，欣赏伟大的艺术作品。结合“visit Louvre Museum in Paris”的语境，首字母w对应works，work表示“艺术作品”时常用复数，构成固定搭配works of art“艺术作品”。 4．句意：如果你是自然爱好者，你可以在中央公园进行虚拟漫步，在一天的辛苦工作后放松一下。 结合知名自然公园的常识，Central Park“中央公园”，是固定专有名词，符合语境。 5．句意：你不需要预订门票、酒店或机票。此处应是表示“预订”，首字母b对应book“预订”，need to 后接动词原形。 6．句意：它也有助于保护自然和文化景点，因为更少的游客亲自前往那里。结合“线上旅行减少实地到访”的语境，in person是固定短语，意为“亲自、亲身”，符合语义。 7．句意：如果你去苏州园林，你可以触摸石桥，感受来自湖面的凉风。空格处引导条件状语从句，首字母I对应If“如果”。 8．句意：如果你去苏州园林，你可以触摸石桥，感受来自湖面的凉风。空格处与touch并列，结合“凉风”的语境，此处表示“感受凉风”，首字母f对应feel“感受、感觉”，用动词原形。 9．句意：无论你选择线上旅行还是真实旅行，最重要的事是睁开双眼，享受探索的旅程。“or real travel”和首字母W提示，此处是Whether…or…的固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。 10．句意：无论你选择线上旅行还是真实旅行，最重要的事是睁开双眼，享受探索的旅程。结合定冠词the和形容词important，首字母m对应most，构成最高级the most important“最重要的”。 Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)Thanks to the Internet, online travel has become easier, cheaper and more interesting than before. Nowadays, the Internet has c 1 changed many things in our life, including how we travel. First, we can plan our trips e 2 online. We don’t need to buy paper maps or ask others for directions. With just a few c 3 , we can find information about famous scenic spots, read travel a 4 from other visitors, and even watch videos of the places we want to visit. This helps us know what to expect and make b 5 plans. Second, b 6 tickets and hotels is much simpler. In the past, we had to go to travel agencies or railway stations in p 7 . But now, we can do so on our phones anytime, anywhere. We can also compare p 8 and choose the best deals, which saves us both time and money. The online tour opens up a new world for us to e 9 . I love this new way of travelling and look forward to visiting more places with the h 10 of the Internet. 【答案】 1．completely/ompletely 2．easily/asily 3．clicks/licks 4．advice/dvice 5．better/etter 6．booking/ooking 7．person/erson 8．prices/rices 9．explore/xplore 10．help/elp 【导语】本文介绍了互联网如何改变在线旅行：让行程规划更便捷、票务酒店预订更简单，还能节省时间金钱，展现了网络对旅行方式的积极影响。 1．句意：如今，互联网已经彻底改变了我们生活中的许多事情，包括我们的旅行方式。根据 “changed”的修饰及首字母“c”，此处需用副词表示“彻底地”，填completely。 2．句意：首先，我们可以在网上轻松规划行程。根据“plan our trips”的修饰及首字母“e”，此处需用副词表示“轻松地”，填easily。 3．句意：只需点击几下，我们就能找到著名景点的信息。根据“a few”（后接名词复数）及首字母 “c”，此处表示“点击”，填clicks。 4．句意：阅读其他游客的旅行建议。根据“travel”的修饰及首字母 “a”，此处表示“建议”（不可数名词），填advice。 5．句意：这有助于我们了解预期情况并制定更好的计划。根据“plans”的修饰及首字母“b”，此处用比较级表示“更好的”，填better。 6．句意：其次，预订票务和酒店变得简单得多。根据 “tickets and hotels” 的语境及首字母 “b”，此处用动名词作主语表示“预订”，填booking。 7．句意：过去，我们得亲自去旅行社或火车站。根据“in”的搭配及首字母“p”，“in person”是固定搭配，表示“亲自”，填person。 8．句意：我们还可以比较价格，选择最优惠的交易。根据“compare”的宾语及首字母“p”，此处用复数表示“价格”，填prices。 9．句意：在线旅行为我们打开了一个可以探索的新世界。根据“a new world”的语境及首字母“e”，此处表示“探索”，填explore。 10．句意：我期待在互联网的帮助下参观更多地方。根据“with the”的搭配及首字母“h”，“with the help of”是固定搭配，表示“在……的帮助下”，填help。 话题4 阅读 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏南通市海安市·期中)World Book Day was set up by the UNESCO in 1995. It is held on 23rd April every year to encourage people of all ages, especially teenagers to enjoy the p 1 time of reading. World Book Day calls on people to turn off the TV, put a 2 the video games and enjoy reading. World Book Day encourages people everywhere to o 3 their own activities to promote (促进) reading. In a school, students read a page from a book that they like best. In a workplace, workers join an after-work book club. Old people can reread the book that helps them in their lives. Many countries c 4 World Book Day. On that day, millions of school children in the UK can buy books of s 5 price, a much lower price than usual, in any bookstore. It has been done every year since 1998. In China, some libraries p 6 some special shelves. There the book-lovers can exchange their books and joy by taking others’ books home while o 7 some of their own. Schools organize students to exchange their ideas about reading. T 8 the activities on World Book Day, people can see more clearly the i 9 of reading. Books give us knowledge and help us know more and better about the world around us. Books offer us inspiration (灵感) so we can have ideas for making or designing things that we didn’t have before. Books, magazines, newspapers and other kinds of reading m 10 can help us to improve ourselves. So we need to spend time reading not only on World Book Day but also every day. 【答案】 1．pleasant/leasant 2．away/way 3．organize/rganize 4．celebrate/elebrate 5．special/pecial 6．provide/rovide 7．offering/ffering 8．Through/hrough 9．importance/mportance 10．materials/aterials 【导语】本文介绍了世界读书日的由来、活动形式及其意义。 【详解】1．句意：尤其是青少年享受愉快的阅读时光。根据“enjoy the ... time of reading”可知，此处使用形容词pleasant，表示“愉快的”，修饰名词time，表示“愉快的阅读时光”。 2．句意：世界读书日号召人们关掉电视，放下电子游戏，享受阅读。根据“put ... the video games”可知，此处使用副词away，put away意为“收起来，放下”，表示“放下电子游戏”。 3．句意：世界读书日鼓励各地的人们组织自己的活动来促进阅读。根据“their own activities to promote reading”可知，此处使用动词organize，表示“组织”，to后接动词原形构成不定式，表示“组织他们自己的活动”。 4．句意：许多国家庆祝世界读书日。根据“World Book Day”及主语Many countries可知，此处使用动词celebrate，表示“庆祝”，主语为复数，一般现在时用原形，表示“许多国家庆祝世界读书日”。 5．句意：在那一天，英国数以百万计的学童可以在任何书店以特价购买书籍，价格比平时低得多。根据“a much lower price than usual”可知，此处使用形容词special，表示“特价的”，修饰price，表示“特价书籍”。 6．句意：在中国，一些图书馆提供一些特殊的书架。根据“some libraries ... some special shelves”可知，此处使用动词provide，表示“提供”，主语为复数，一般现在时用原形，表示“图书馆提供特殊书架”。 7．句意：在那里，爱书人可以把别人的书带回家，同时提供自己的一些书，以此交换书籍和快乐。根据“while ... some of their own”可知，此处表示“提供自己的一些书”。while后接现在分词offering“提供”作状语。 8．句意：通过世界读书日的活动，人们能更清楚地看到阅读的重要性。根据“... the activities, people can see more clearly”可知，此处使用介词Through，表示“通过”，位于句首首字母大写，表示“通过这些活动”。 9．句意：通过世界读书日的活动，人们能更清楚地看到阅读的重要性。根据“the ... of reading”可知，此处使用名词importance，the importance of意为“……的重要性”，表示“阅读的重要性”。 10．句意：书籍、杂志、报纸和其他种类的阅读材料可以帮助我们提升自己。根据“Books, magazines, newspapers and other kinds of reading”可知，此处使用名词materials，表示“材料”，other kinds of后接复数名词，表示“各种阅读材料”。 Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏南京市二十九中学·期中)Literature is a gate to different worlds, ideas and feelings. For teenagers, literature has many advantages that help with the d 1 of our thinking and personal growth. Literature helps us understand life better. Stories, novels and poems allow us to experience different cultures, histories and viewpoints. By studying literature, we learn about the lives of people in other places, w 2 it’s a Chinese classic or a famous Western novel. These works also teach us about human feelings and how we should face them o 3 . What’s more, literature i 4 our language skills. Reading books exposes us to new words and phrases, which makes us better a 5 expressing our thoughts and ideas. The more we read, the more we pick up different ways to speak and write. This helps us both in daily c 6 and in important exams. Another great thing about literature is how it encourages us to think deeply. For example, when we read, we might wonder why a character makes a different c 7 or what the story really means. This helps us watch situations c 8 and solve problems wisely. These skills can go b 9 schoolwork, reaching into many parts of our daily life. Literature also has the power to inspire. Many great stories are filled with characters who face challenges, get over d 10 and follow their dreams. By reading about them, we are reminded of our own powers and the importance of never giving up. In short, literature helps us understand the world, express ourselves better, think more deeply, and find the courage and hope to live our lives to the full. 【答案】 1．development/evelopment 2．whether/hether 3．ourselves/urselves 4．improves/mproves 5．at/t 6．conversations/onversations 7．choice/hoice 8．carefully/arefully 9．beyond/eyond 10．difficulties/ifficulties 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍文学对青少年的多重益处，包括助力思维与个人成长、提升语言能力、培养深度思考、给予精神激励等。 1．句意：对青少年来说，文学有许多优势，有助于我们的思维发展和个人成长。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语，后文“personal growth”提示语义和“发展”相关，固定搭配the development of。结合首字母“d”，所以填development。 2．句意：通过学习文学，我们了解其他地方人们的生活，无论是中国经典著作还是西方著名小说。该处需一个连词，引导让步状语从句，后文or提示语义为“无论”，固定搭配whether…or…。结合首字母“w”，所以填whether。 3．句意：这些作品也教会我们人类的情感，以及我们应当自我面对它们。该处需一个反身代词，在句中作状语，主语为we，提示语义为“我们自己”，反身代词与主语保持人称一致。结合首字母“o”，所以填ourselves。 4．句意：此外，文学提升我们的语言技能。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，后文讲述阅读对语言的帮助，提示语义为“提升”，主语“literature”是单数，全文为一般现在时，动词用三单形式。结合首字母“i”，所以填improves。 5．句意：阅读让我们接触新词和短语，使我们更擅长表达想法。该处需一个介词，语境提示语义为“擅长”，固定搭配be good at，better为比较级。结合首字母“a”，所以填at。 6．句意：这在日常交流/对话和重要考试中都对我们有帮助。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语，前文语言表达、语言技能提示语义为“对话、交流”，daily conversations，用复数表泛指。结合首字母“c”，所以填conversations。 7．句意：例如，当我们阅读时，我们可能会好奇为什么人物做出不同的选择或故事真正的含义。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语，语境讲述人物行为抉择，提示语义为“选择”，固定搭配make a choice。结合首字母“c”，所以填choice。 8．句意：这帮助我们仔细地看待情况、明智地解决问题。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语修饰动词watch，后文“wisely”提示语义为“仔细地”，副词修饰动词。结合首字母“c”，所以填carefully。 9．句意：这些技能可以超越学业，延伸到我们日常生活的许多方面。该处需一个介词，后文“reaching into many parts of our daily life”提示语义为“超越”，固定搭配go beyond。结合首字母“b”，所以填beyond。 10．句意：许多优秀故事充满了直面挑战、克服困难、追逐梦想的人物。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语，前文“challenges”提示语义为“困难”，固定搭配get over difficulties，用复数表泛指。结合首字母“d”，所以填difficulties。 Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏省盐城市东台市第五教育联盟·期中)I’m a fan of literature. Reading literature has become my most meaningful c 1 in life. During this busy study period, I always set aside time to read articles closely, which b 2 me peace and growth. Literature o 3 a new world for me. Through great works, I learn about different lives, cultures and spirits. The more I read, the more c 4 I become. My teachers often p 5 me for my active thinking and deep understanding. They e 6 me to keep reading and never give up. It is c 7 for teenagers to feel confused, but literature guides me forward. I often take notes while reading and share my ideas with friends. We discuss articles t 8 and improve ourselves. I will continue this lovely habit. Literature t 9 me to think, to be brave and to love life. It is not just a hobby, but a lifelong treasure that makes my life r 10 and brighter. 【答案】 1．choice/hoice 2．brings/rings 3．opens/pens 4．confident/onfident 5．praise/raise 6．expect/xpect 7．common/ommon 8．together/ogether 9．teaches/eaches 10．richer/icher 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过阅读文学获得成长和收获的经历，包括阅读带来的平静、好奇心、鼓励以及生活的丰富。 【详解】1．句意：阅读文学成为我生活中最有意义的选择。该处需一个单数名词，在句中作表语，由“most meaningful”修饰。前文“I’m a fan of literature”和“Reading literature has become my most meaningful”提示语义与“选择/决定”相关。结合首字母c，应填choice。 2．句意：在这一繁忙的学习期间，我总能抽出时间仔细阅读文章，这带给我平静和成长。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语。主语“which”指代前文，为第三人称单数。句子描述阅读带来的积极影响。结合首字母“b”，应填brings。 3．句意：文学为我打开了一个新世界。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语。主语“Literature”为第三人称单数。后文“a new world for me”提示语义与“打开/开启”相关。结合首字母o，应填opens。 4．句意：我读得越多，我就变得越自信，该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语。后文“My teachers often...me for my active thinking and deep understanding”及首字母c说明此处指“自信”，应填confident。 5．句意：我的老师经常表扬我积极思考和深刻理解。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语。主语“teachers”为复数。后文“me for my active thinking and deep understanding”提示语义与“表扬”相关。结合首字母p，应填praise。 6．句意：他们希望我继续阅读，永不放弃。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语。主语“They”为复数。后文“me to keep reading and never give up”提示语义与“期望”相关。结合首字母e，应填expect。 7．句意：青少年感到困惑是很常见的，但文学引导我前行。该处需一个形容词，用于“It is...for teenagers to...”结构，在句中作表语。后文“for teenagers to feel confused”提示语义与“常见的”相关。结合首字母c，应填common。 8．句意：我们一起讨论文章并提升自己。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词“discuss”。前文“share my ideas with friends”提示语义与“一起”相关。结合首字母t，应填together。 9．句意：文学教会我思考、勇敢和热爱生活。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语。主语“Literature”为第三人称单数。后文“me to think, to be brave and to love life”提示语义与“教会”相关。结合首字母t，应填teaches。 10．句意：它不仅是爱好，更是终身宝藏，让我的生活更丰富、更明亮。该处需一个形容词比较级，与“brighter”并列作宾语补足语。前文“makes my life”提示语义与“更丰富”相关。结合首字母r，应填richer。 话题5 礼仪与习俗 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省东海县·期中)I’ve been in China long enough to understand Chinese culture. So I can tell you many interesting d 1 between British manners and Chinese manners. Here are some of them. First, Chinese have their own way to show their p 2 and respect for others. For example, they say nin to address others in a formal s 3 . Second, Chinese behave differently from British when it comes to praise. If someone says I speak good Chinese, I’ll be pleased and tell them I love l 4 the language. But when I praise my Chinese friends, i 5 of saying “Thank you”, they often r 6 “Nali, nali”. They are too modest to accept praise o 7 . Third, eating together is important for people to c 8 with each other. One day, my host i 9 me to dinner. He kept putting food on my plate, which is his way of showing how much he cared a 10 me. I ate so much because I was too polite to r 11 ! He didn’t ask me i 12 I could eat so much. It can be hard at f 13 to get used to all these different ways. W 14 I can do is just tell myself: when in Rome, do a 15 the Romans do! 【答案】 1．differences/ifferences 2．politeness/oliteness 3．situation/ituation 4．learning/earning 5．instead/nstead 6．reply/eply 7．openly/penly 8．communicate/ommunicate 9．invited/nvited 10．about/bout 11．refuse/efuse 12．if/f 13．first/irst 14．What/hat 15．as/s 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位在中国生活许久的作者，通过自身经历对比了中英两国在礼仪文化上的差异，包括称呼、应对赞美以及餐桌礼仪等方面，并表达了入乡随俗的态度。 1．句意：所以我可以告诉你许多英国礼仪和中国礼仪之间有趣的差异。根据下文“between British manners and Chinese manners”可知，作者要讲述的是两者之间的“不同/差异”，首字母为d，且前面有many修饰，故填名词复数形式differences。 2．句意：首先，中国人有自己独特的方式来表达对他人的礼貌和尊重。根据句意及respect可知，此处应填表示“礼貌”的名词，首字母为p，politeness符合语境。 3．句意：例如，在正式场合他们用“您”来称呼他人。根据formal可知，此处指“正式场合/情境”，首字母为s，situation符合语境，a表明此处用单数形式。 4．句意：如果有人说我中文说得很好，我会很高兴并告诉他们我喜欢学习这门语言。根据“speak good Chinese”可知，作者喜欢“学习”中文，love doing sth.表示喜欢做某事，首字母为l，learning符合语境。 5．句意：但当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们通常不说“谢谢”，而是回答“哪里哪里”。根据“Nali, nali”以及句意，此处表示“代替/而不是”，固定短语instead of意为“代替，而不是”。 6．句意：但当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们通常不说“谢谢”，而是回答“哪里哪里”。根据语境，这是对中国朋友回应的描述，即“回答/回应”，首字母为r，且主语是they，时态为一般现在时，reply符合语境。 7．句意：他们太谦虚了，不敢公开接受赞美。根据modest可知，他们不敢“直率地/公开地”接受赞美，首字母为o，修饰动词accept，应用副词，openly符合语境。 8．句意：第三，聚餐对于人们互相交流很重要。根据“eating together”可知，这是为了“交流”。“communicate with sb.”是固定搭配，首字母为c，不定式符号to后接动词原形，communicate符合语境。 9．句意：有一天，我的主人邀请我共进晚餐。根据“to dinner”可知，是“邀请”某人吃饭。首字母为i，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，invited符合语境。 10．句意：他不停地把食物放在我的盘子里，这是他表达多么关心我的一种方式。care about sb.是固定短语，意为“关心某人”，首字母为a，about符合语境。 11．句意：我吃了那么多，因为我太礼貌了以至于无法拒绝！根据“I ate so much”可知，作者不好意思“拒绝”，首字母为r，“too...to...”结构中to后接动词原形，refuse符合语境。 12．句意：他没有问我是否能吃那么多。此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，首字母为i，if符合语境。 13．句意：起初很难适应所有这些不同的方式。at first 是固定短语，意为“起初，开始”。首字母为f，first符合语境。 14．句意：我能做的就是告诉自己：入乡随俗。此处引导主语从句，且在从句中作do的宾语，意为“……的事情”，首字母为W，句首首字母大写，What符合语境。 15．句意：入乡随俗。谚语“When in Rome, do as the Romans do”，意为“入乡随俗”，首字母为a，as符合语境。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏省连云港市海州区·期末)There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students r 1 for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences h 2 . Whether (无论) visiting museums, places of interest, or friends’ homes, it’s important to f 3 proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First, many places have p 4 signs saying “No touching” or “No photos”—follow these instructions. Second, keep your v 5 down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third, never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend’s home, bring a small g 6 like flowers or chocolates. You are e 7 to take off shoes in some families. Never t 8 private (私人的) things if the host doesn’t agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen c 9 to guides. Put up your hand for questions i 10 of shouting out. As the saying goes, “Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot.” Let’s all be polite visitors 【答案】 1．(r)ules 2．(h)appy 3．(f)ollow 4．(p)ublic 5．(v)oice 6．(g)ift 7．(e)xpected 8．(t)ouch 9．(c)arefully 10．(i)nstead 【导语】本文围绕“参观礼仪”展开，介绍了讲座目的，以及参观博物馆、朋友家、团体出行时应遵循的礼仪规则。 1．句意：讲座的目的是教学生参观时要遵循的规则。根据“There is going to be a talk…for visiting.”和首字母提示可知，此处指的是规则。rule“规则”常用复数表各类规则，故填(r)ules。 2．句意：良好的参观礼仪能让我们的体验变得愉快。根据“Good visiting manners make our experiences…”和首字母提示可知，此处指礼仪让体验愉快，“make + 宾语 + 形容词”表示“使……处于某种状态”，happy“愉快的”符合语境，故填(h)appy。 3．句意：无论参观博物馆、名胜古迹还是朋友家，遵守恰当的规则都很重要。it’s important to do sth.是固定句型，根据“Whether (无论) visiting museums…proper rules.”和首字母提示可知，遵守恰当的规则很重要，follow“遵守；遵循”符合语境，故填(f)ollow。 4．句意：首先，很多地方有写着“禁止触摸”或“禁止拍照”的公共标识——要遵守这些指示。修饰signs“标识”，结合生活常识和首字母提示，博物馆是公共场合，这些标识是“公共的”，public“公共的”符合语境，故填(p)ublic。 5．句意：其次，把你的声音放低。安静地欣赏艺术和历史。根据“Second, keep your…quietly.”和首字母提示可知，此处指压低声音，voice“声音”符合语境，故填(v)oice。 6．句意：拜访朋友家时，带一份像鲜花或巧克力这样的小礼物。根据“When visiting a…flowers or chocolates.”和首字母提示可知，此处指“拜访带礼”的习俗，gift“礼物”符合语境，故填(g)ift。 7．句意：在一些家庭里，主人期望你脱鞋。根据“You are…some families”和首字母提示可知，此处指主人期望你脱鞋，be expected to do sth是固定表达，意为“被期望做某事”，故填(e)xpected。 8．句意：如果主人不同意，绝不要动私人用品。结合礼仪和首字母提示，未经允许不能触碰私人物品，touch“触摸”符合语境，故填(t)ouch。 9．句意：对于像学校旅行这类团体参观，要和团队待在一起，认真听导游讲解。根据“For group visits…to guides.”和首字母提示可知，此处指认真听导游讲解，修饰动词listen需用副词，carefully“认真地”符合语境，故填(c)arefully。 10．句意：想要提问时请举手，而不是大喊大叫。根据“Put up your hand for…of shouting out.”和首字母提示可知，此处指举手而非大喊，instead of是固定短语，表示“代替；而不是”，符合语境，故填(i)nstead。 Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏南京市溧水区第一中学·月考)Good manners are very important in our daily life. They can help us make a good impression on others and get along well with people around us. First, we should be p 1 to others. We should say “please” when we ask for help and “thank you” when we receive something. We should also respect the elderly and love the young. Second, we should behave well in p 2 places. We shouldn’t talk loudly or laugh loudly in libraries, hospitals or cinemas. We shouldn’t l 3 everywhere. We should wait in line when we are buying tickets or getting on the bus. Don’t push in before others. Third, we should be h 4 . We shouldn’t tell lies or cheat others. We should keep our promises if we make them. Fourth, we should help people who are in t 5 . For example, we can help the blind cross the street, or help the old people carry heavy things. Being a v 6 is also a good way to help others. We can s 7 our time and skills to help people in need. Fifth, we should be p 8 with others. Don’t get angry easily when someone makes a small mistake. Try to understand them and give them a hand. Good manners are not difficult to learn. If we practice them every day, we will develop good habits and become polite people. Remember, small good manners can make a big d 9 to the world and make it a more b 10 place to live in. 【答案】 1．polite/olite 2．public/ublic 3．litter/itter 4．honest/onest 5．trouble/rouble 6．volunteer/olunteer 7．share/hare 8．patient/atient 9．difference/ifference 10．beautiful/eautiful 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了良好礼仪在日常生活中的重要性，从五个方面介绍了养成良好礼仪需要做到的要求，最后点明小小的良好礼仪也能给世界带来大改变，让我们的居住环境更美好。 【详解】1．句意：首先，我们应对他人有礼貌。固定搭配be polite to (对……有礼貌) 符合文意，首字母p对应polite。 2．句意：其次，我们应该在公共场合举止得体。固定搭配in public places (在公共场合)，首字母p对应public。 3．句意：我们不应该到处乱扔垃圾。固定搭配drop/litter everywhere (到处乱扔垃圾)，情态动词shouldn’t后接动词原形，首字母l对应litter。 4．句意：第三，我们应该诚实。形容词作表语，描述人的品质，结合后文“不说谎、不欺骗”及首字母h，填honest。 4．句意：第四，我们应该帮助身处困境的人。固定搭配in trouble (处于困境中)，首字母t对应trouble。 6．句意：做一名志愿者也是帮助他人的好方法。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，首字母v对应volunteer。 7．句意：我们可以分享我们的时间和技能来帮助有需要的人。情态动词can后接动词原形，后接our time and skills，首字母s对应share。 8．句意：第五，我们应该对他人有耐心。固定搭配be patient with (对……有耐心)，首字母p对应patient。 9．句意：记住，小小的好礼仪也能对世界产生很大的影响。固定搭配make a big difference (产生巨大影响)，首字母d对应difference。 10．句意：也会让世界成为一个更美好的居住之地。形容词比较级more beautiful中，beautiful的原级，修饰place。首字母b对应beautiful。 话题6 志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏省淮安市·期末)I think it wonderful to help others, so I would like to t 1 part in the activity this weekend. My neighbour Mr. Li needs our h 2 . He is 75 years old now and he is disabled. What’s worse, he is blind. Since he lives alone, it’s really difficult for him to take a walk and do some reading. So I plan to take him for a walk. I will chat with him and r 3 newspapers for him. I also plan to help c 4 his flat. It is n 5 for us to do something for the elderly, and we can also learn more about their lives. We know there are many left-behind (留守的) children now. Their parents work far away f 6 their hometowns. These children are facing many p 7 now. It is easy for them to feel l 8 and they also have some trouble making friends with others sometimes. I think we should plan a v 9 project to help them. And we can d 10 our money and clothes to them. We should care more about them. And parents should return to see their children as often as possible. 【答案】 1．take/ake 2．help/elp 3．read/ead 4．clean/lean 5．necessary/ecessary 6．from/rom 7．problems/roblems 8．lonely/onely 9．volunteer/olunteer 10．donate/onate 【导语】本文通过描述作者想要帮助邻居老人和留守儿童的行为，倡导大家积极参与志愿活动，关心和帮助身边需要帮助的人。 【详解】1．句意：我认为帮助别人很棒，所以我想参加这个周末的活动。该处需一个动词，在句中与“part in”构成固定短语，表达“参加”的意思。结合首字母“t”，应填take，take part in为固定搭配，表示“参加”，to后接动词原形。 2．句意：我的邻居李先生需要我们的帮助。该处需一个名词，在句中作动词“needs”的宾语，根据后文对李先生情况的描述，可知他需要帮助。结合首字母“h”，应填help，表示“帮助”。 3．句意：我会和他聊天，为他读报纸。该处需一个动词，在句中与“newspapers”构成动宾关系，表示“读报纸”的意思。结合首字母“r”，应填read，表示“阅读”，will后接动词原形。 4．句意：我还计划帮他打扫公寓。该处需一个动词，在句中与“his flat”构成动宾关系，表示“打扫公寓”的意思。结合首字母“c”，应填clean，表示“打扫”，help do sth“帮助做某事”，所以填动词原形。 5．句意：我们有必要为老年人做点什么。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语，描述为老年人做事的必要性。结合首字母“n”，应填necessary，表示“必要的”。 6．句意：他们的父母远离家乡工作。该处需一个介词，与“far away”构成固定短语，表示“远离”的意思。结合首字母“f”，应填from，far away from为固定搭配，表示“远离”。 7．句意：这些孩子现在面临许多问题。该处需一个名词，在句中作动词“facing”的宾语，根据后文描述孩子们的情况，可知他们面临问题。结合首字母“p”，应填problems，表示“问题”，复数名词表泛指。 8．句意：他们很容易感到孤独，有时他们也很难和别人交朋友。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语，描述孩子们的感受。根据后文“they also have some trouble making friends with others sometimes”可知他们交朋友有困难，所以容易感到孤独。结合首字母“l”，应填lonely，表示“孤独的”。 9．句意：我认为我们应该计划一个志愿项目来帮助他们。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“project”，根据后文描述帮助留守儿童的行为，可知这是一个志愿项目。结合首字母“v”，应填volunteer，表示“志愿的”。 10．句意：我们可以捐钱和衣服给他们。该处需一个动词，在句中与“our money and clothes”构成动宾关系，表示“捐钱和衣服”的意思。结合首字母“d”，应填donate，表示“捐赠”。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏省盐城市·期末)On a small hill in Huaping, there is a small school. However, o 1 the past fourteen years, it has changed the future of over 2,000 poor girls by sending them to colleges. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She began teaching in Huaping—one of China’s p 2 areas about twenty years ago. The teacher found many girls would just stop coming to school one day. Later, Zhang learned they were made to work or get married to s 3 their family. “Every child has the r 4 to receive education,” she said. “However, these poor girls don’t even have a c 5 to stand on the starting line.” To change this, Zhang spent years raising money. Finally in 2008, she s 6 up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day and tries her best to help the students. After years of h 7 work, she is in poor health, but in her mind the school and the students are more important. Zhang’s story has deeply t 8 people all over China and inspired (激励) many to follow in her footsteps. Zhou Yunli, one of her students, heard the school was short of maths teachers. She r 9 to the school to teach at once after college. “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody,” Zhou said. “I’m p 10 that I can do my part. When we become strong, we must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” 【答案】 1．(o)ver 2．(p)oorest 3．(s)upport 4．(r)ight 5．(c)hance 6．(s)et 7．(h)ard 8．(t)ouched 9． ( r)eturned 10．(p)roud 【导语】本文讲述了一位名叫张桂梅的校长，她在云南华坪创办了一所免费的女子高中。在过去十四年里，这所学校帮助了2000多名贫困女孩进入大学，改变了她们的命运。 1．句意：然而，在过去的14年里，它通过将2000多名贫困女孩送入大学，改变了她们的未来。根据“the past fourteen years”可知，此处用“over the past+时间段”的结构，表示“在过去的多长时间里”。故填(o)ver。 2．句意：大约20年前，她开始在中国最贫穷的地区之一华坪教书。根据“over 2,000 poor girls”可知，她在一个贫穷的地区教书，poor“贫穷的”，根据“one of China’s”可知此处用形容词最高级，故填(p)oorest。   3．句意：后来，张了解到她们被迫工作或结婚以支持家庭。根据“Zhang learned they were made to work or get married”可知，很多女孩辍学是因为被迫工作或结婚，目的是支持家庭，support“支持”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形，故填(s)upport。 4．句意：每个孩子都有接受教育的权利。根据“Every child has the...to receive education”可知，每个孩子都有接受教育的权利，right“权利”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填(r)ight。 5．句意：然而，这些可怜的女孩甚至没有站在起跑线上的机会。根据“However, these poor girls don’t even have a...to stand on the starting line”可知，这些女孩甚至没有站在起跑线上的机会，chance“机会，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填(c)hance。 6．句意：终于在2008年，她创办了中国第一所也是唯一一所免费女子公立高中。根据“up China’s first and only free public high school for girls”可知，创办了学校，set up“创办”，根据“in 2008”可知，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)et。 7．句意：经过多年的艰苦工作，她的健康状况很差，但在她看来，学校和学生更重要。根据“After years of...work, she is in poor health”可知，多年的艰苦工作，让她的健康状况很差，hard“艰苦的，形容词，修饰名词work，故填(h)ard。 8．句意：张的故事深深地感动了全中国人民，并激励了许多人追随她的脚步。根据“Zhang’s story has deeply...people all over China”可知，她的故事感动了全中国人民，touch“感动'”，此处用现在完成时，动词用过去分词，故填(t)ouched。 9．句意：大学毕业后，她立即回到学校教书。根据“to the school to teach at once after college”可知大学毕业后她回到了学校，return“返回”，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)eturned。 10．句意：我很自豪我能尽自己的一份力。根据“I can do my part”可知，能尽自己的一份力感到很自豪，proud“自豪的”，形容词作表语，故填(p)roud。 Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州中学教育集团树人学校·月考)Last year, a group of teenagers t 1 a project called “Tech for Good”. Their a 2 was to help elderly people learn to use smartphones. Many elderly felt lonely because they couldn’t connect with their families online. The teenagers v 3 to teach free classes every Sunday. They were patient and c 4 to help the elderly learn step by step. “I used to be afraid of technology,” said Mr Lim, “Now I can video call my grandchildren. It means the world to me.” One of the students, Sarah, said she felt p 5 to see the elderly become more confident. “It’s not just about teaching,” she said. “It’s about building c 6 .” The project also helped the students grow. They learned to listen and understand different n 7 . Their teacher, Ms Ng, said she was deeply t 8 by their kindness. “They didn’t wait for someone else to make a change—they started it t 9 ,” she said. The group hopes to expand (扩大) their p 10 to more neighbourhoods next year. 【答案】 1．took/ook 2．aim/im 3．volunteered/olunteered 4．careful/areful 5．proud/roud 6．connections/onnections 7．needs/eeds 8．touched/ouched 9．themselves/hemselves 10．project/roject 【导语】本文讲述了一群青少年通过“科技向善”项目帮助老年人学习使用智能手机的故事。 【详解】1．句意：去年，一群青少年开展了一个名为“科技向善”的项目。下文提到“The teenagers v… to teach free classes every Sunday”以及项目内容，说明这个项目是由青少年开展的；描述过去发生的事应用一般过去时，故空处的谓语动词应用过去式；结合首字母t，“take a project”为常见搭配，意为“开展/承担一个项目”，故填过去式took。 2．句意：他们的目标是帮助老年人学会使用智能手机。根据“Their a… was to help elderly people”可知，此处具体说明这个项目是为了帮助老年人学会用智能手机；由was可知，用单数名词作主语；结合首字母a，aim“目标、目的”符合语境。 3．句意：这些青少年自愿每周日免费授课。描述过去发生的事应用一般过去时，故空处的谓语动词应用过去式；根据“to teach free classes”及首字母v可知，青少年自愿免费授课，volunteer to do sth.“自愿做某事”为固定搭配，过去式volunteered符合语境。 4．句意：他们很有耐心，并且细心地帮助老年人一步一步地学习。空处与patient并列，描述青少年的教学态度，应用形容词；根据“help the elderly learn step by step”（一步步帮助老人学习）可知，他们需要非常“细心的”；根据首字母c，careful“细心的、细致的”符合语境。 5．句意：其中一名学生Sarah说，看到老年人变得更加自信，她感到自豪。空前felt是系动词，空处应填形容词作表语；根据“felt p… to see the elderly become more confident”及上文提到老人从害怕科技到能与孙辈视频通话，Sarah内心应是“自豪的”；结合首字母p可知，proud“自豪的”符合语境。 6．句意：“这不仅仅是教学，”她说。“更是建立联系。”空处应填名词作宾语；根据“building c…”及前文提到帮助老年人通过视频通话与家人联系可知，此处表示建立人与人之间的“联系”，connection表示“连系”；此处强调关系的多样性和广泛性，应用复数connections。 7．句意：他们学会了倾听并理解不同的需求。根据“understand different n…”可知，及上文提到教老年人用手机需要耐心和细心，因为每个人的学习能力和困难不同可知，青少年学会了理解和倾听老人的不同“需求”；空前different是形容词，可知表示多种不同的需求，空处应填名词复数形式；结合首字母n可知，needs“需求”符合语境。 8．句意：他们的老师，Ng女士说，她被他们的善良深深打动了。根据“was deeply t… by their kindness”及老师看到青少年主动帮助老人、耐心教学可知，老师内心应是“被感动的”；结合首字母t可知，touched“被感动的”符合语境。 9．句意：“他们没有等待别人去改变——他们自己开始了这件事，”她说。根据“they started it t…”及上文提到青少年主动教老人用手机，没有等别人来做可知，此处强调“他们自己”发起了这件事；结合首字母t可知，themselves“他们自己”符合语境。 10．句意：该团体希望明年将他们的项目扩展到更多的社区。空前“their”是形容词性物主代词，空处应填名词；根据“expand their p… to more neighbourhoods”及上文一直在描述“科技向善”这个项目可知，此处指把这个“项目”扩大到更多地方；结合首字母p可知，project“项目”符合语境。 话题7 慈善机构 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏省镇江市句容市·期末)Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife, Bill and Kathy Magee. In 1982, t 1 with some volunteers, they went to the Philippines to help children with cleft lip palate (唇腭裂). Eating and drinking are very d 2 for these children. The couple worked very hard, but they worried that they could not c 3 on with the work because they didn’t have enough money to treat more children. Then they d 4 to start a charity so that they could help these children. They c 5 it Operation Smile. Over the years, Operation Smile has won many p 6 for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called “The World Journey of Hope”. 5,300 children in 18 countries were o 7 on successfully during the event. Now the charity works in more than 30 countries and has volunteer doctors from o 8 60 countries. It p 9 free operations and medical care for many children each year. On the other hand, Operation Smile helps t 10 local doctors and nurses so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. 【答案】 1．(t)ogether 2．(d)ifficult 3．(c)arry 4．(d)ecided 5．(c)alled 6．(p)rizes 7．(o)perated 8．(o)ver 9．(p)rovides 10．(t)rain 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“微笑行动”慈善组织的创立背景、发展历程及其为唇腭裂儿童提供的帮助。 【详解】1．句意：1982年，他们和一些志愿者一起去了菲律宾帮助唇腭裂儿童。根据“with some volunteers”和首字母“t”可知，此处是指“和志愿者一起”。together“一起”，副词，修饰动词went。故填(t)ogether。 2．句意：对这些孩子来说，吃喝非常困难。根据“Eating and drinking are very… for these children”和首字母“d”可知，此处是指“困难”。difficult“困难的”，形容词作表语。故填(d)ifficult。 3．句意：这对夫妇工作很努力，但他们担心他们无法继续这项工作，因为他们没有足够的资金治疗更多孩子。根据“could not… on with the work”和首字母“c”可知，此处是指“继续这项工作”。carry on“继续”，固定短语，could后接动词原形。故填(c)arry。 4．句意：于是他们决定成立一个慈善组织来帮助这些孩子。根据“they… to start a charity”和首字母“d”可知，此处是指“决定”。decide“决定”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ecided。 5．句意：他们将其命名为“微笑行动”。根据“They… it Operation Smile”和首字母“c”可知，此处是指“命名”。call“称呼”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(c)alled。 6．句意：多年来，“微笑行动”因其工作赢得了许多奖项，1999年他们甚至开始了一个名为“世界希望之旅”的特别活动。根据“has won many…”和首字母“p”可知，此处是指“赢得了许多奖项”。prize“奖项”，名词用复数，与many搭配。故填prizes。 7．句意：在该活动中，18个国家的5300名儿童成功接受了手术。根据“were… on successfully”和首字母“o”可知，此处是指“手术”。operate“做手术”，此处是一般过去时的被动语态，动词用过去分词。故填(o)perated。 8．句意：如今该慈善机构在30多个国家开展工作，并有来自60多个国家的志愿医生。根据“from … 60 countries”和首字母“o”可知，此处是指“超过60个国家”。over“超过”，介词。故填(o)ver。 9．句意：它每年为许多儿童提供免费手术和医疗护理。根据“It… free operations”和首字母“p”可知，此处是指“提供免费手术和医疗护理”。provide“提供”，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(p)rovides。 10．句意：另一方面，“微笑行动”帮助培训当地医生和护士，以便在组织离开后他们能继续帮助儿童。根据“helps… local doctors”和首字母“t”可知，此处是指“培训当地医生和护士”。train“培训”，help do sth“帮助做某事”。故填(t)rain。 Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏南通市启东市长江中学·月考)Oxfam is one of the biggest charities. Oxfam’s ideas are simple: everybody must have the r 1 to live, food to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and m 2 care. Oxfam began its work d 3 World War II. At that time the Greeks didn’t have enough to eat because of the war. People in Oxford d 4 to give money and food to people in Greece, So the name Oxfam comes from two w 5 —Oxford and Famine (饥荒). Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly, it o 6 help in emergencies. In 2010 there was a big earthquake in Haiti. Over 200,000 people died and many more 1 7 their homes.Doctors and volunteers provided help. They gave out food and brought clean water to the villages.The s 8 way Oxfam works is to help people prevent future disasters. In order to raise money, this charity has run charity shops, where you can buy things that people d 9 , like clothes, toys and food. Another way to get money is with “ambassadors (大使)” who do voluntary work for charities. Ambassadors have different skills b 10 the messages they send are the same-we should do what we can to help people in need! 【答案】 1．right/ight 2．medical/edical 3．during/uring 4．decided/ecided 5．words/ords 6．offers/ffers 7．lost/ost 8．second/econd 9．donate/onate 10．but/ut 【导语】本文介绍了乐施会(Oxfam)的宗旨、诞生背景、两种帮扶运作模式以及筹款方式，展现该国际慈善组织救助困难人群的使命。 【详解】1．句意：每个人都必须拥有生存的权利、维持健康的食物、饮用水以及医疗保障。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语；原文“everybody must have the...to live”体现人权理念；right意为“权利”，固定搭配the right to do sth.“做某事的权利”，首字母r对应right。 2．句意：每个人都必须拥有生存的权利、维持健康的食物、饮用水以及医疗保障。该处需一个形容词，修饰名词care；原文和慈善医疗相关；medical意为“医疗的”，固定搭配medical care“医疗护理”，首字母m对应medical。 3．句意：乐施会在第二次世界大战期间开始开展工作。该处需一个介词；原文“World War II”表示在战争期间；during意为“在……期间”，首字母d对应during。 4．句意：牛津当地民众决定为希腊民众捐钱捐物资。该处需一个动词作谓语；原文讲述人们主动捐款帮扶；decide意为“决定”，全文为过去时态，用decided，首字母d对应decided。 5．句意：所以Oxfam这个名字来源于两个单词——Oxford和Famine。该处需名词复数；原文破折号引出两个英文单词；word意为“单词”，two后接复数words，首字母w对应words。 6．句意：首先，它在突发灾害时主动提供援助。该处需谓语动词；原文“help in emergencies”表示主动提供帮助；offer意为“主动提供”，主语it为三单、一般现在时，用offers，首字母o对应offers。 7．句意：超20万人丧生，更多人失去了家园。该处需动词过去式；原文地震灾害造成流离失所；lose意为“失去”，过去式lost，首字母l对应lost。 8．句意：乐施会的另一种帮扶方式是帮助人们预防未来灾害。该处需限定词，前文Firstly对应第二种；second意为“第二个”，此处the second way表示“第二种方式”，首字母s对应second。 9．句意：为了筹款，这家慈善机构开设慈善商店，售卖人们捐赠的物品，例如衣物、玩具和食品。该处需动词；原文慈善商店货品来自民众捐赠；donate意为“捐赠”，定语从句主语people为复数，一般现在时用donate，首字母d对应donate。 10．句意：大使们技能各不相同，但他们传递的理念一致：我们力所能及帮扶有需要的人。该处需转折连词；前后句意存在转折；but意为“但是”，首字母b对应but。 Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·月考)Oxfam International, usually known as Oxfam, is one of the biggest charities. Oxfam's ideas are s 1 : everybody in the world must have the right to live, food to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care. All these ideas are c 2 . Oxfam began its work during wartime in the 1930s. At that time, the Greeks didn’t have enough to eat because of the war. People in Oxford d 3 to give money and food to people in Greece. So the name Oxfam comes from two w 4 —Oxford and Famine (饥荒). After the war, Oxfam joined other organizations to f 5 Oxfam International. Nowadays, this charity benefits people in over ninety cities in Africa, South America and Asia.Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly, it offers help in e 6 . In 2010, there was a big earthquake in Haiti. Over 200,000 people died and many more l 7 their homes. Doctors and volunteers provided medical help and gave out food and brought clean water to the villages. The s 8 way Oxfam works is to help people prevent future disasters. Oxfam has started a project called GROW, which helps farmers produce more and better food. But how does Oxfam pay for it all? In order to raise money, this charity has run charity shops, where you can buy things that people d 9 , like clothes, toys and food. Another way to get money is with“ambassadors”—famous people who do voluntary work for charities and collect money. Ambassadors have different skills b 10 the message they send is the same—we should do what we can to help people in need! 【答案】 1．simple/imple 2．connected/onnected 3．decided/ecided 4．words/ords 5．form/orm 6．emergencies/mergencies 7．lost/ost 8．second/econd 9．donate/onate 10．but/ut 【导语】本文介绍了国际慈善组织乐施会（Oxfam）的宗旨、历史、工作方式及筹款途径，强调其在全球人道主义援助中的重要作用。 1．句意：乐施会的理念很简单：世界上每个人都必须有生存的权利、保持健康的食物、清洁的饮用水和医疗保健。根据“everybody in the world must have the right to live, food to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care”可知理念很简单，simple“简单的”，形容词作表语。 2．句意：所有这些理念都是彼此相关的。根据“everybody in the world must have the right to live, food to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care”可知此处指这些基本权利是彼此相关的，首字母为c，用connected表示“有关联的”。 3．句意：牛津的人们决定向希腊人民提供金钱和食物。根据“to give money and food to people in Greece”可知是做出的决定，“decide to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，根据“didn’t have”可知用一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided。 4．句意：因此，“Oxfam”这个名字来自两个单词——Oxford和Famine。“Oxford”和“Famine”是两个词，首字母为w，用word表示“单词”，two后接其复数形式。 5．句意：战后，乐施会与其他组织联合成立了乐施会国际。根据“Oxfam joined other organizations to f... Oxfam International”及首字母f可推出是组成乐施会国际，“form an organization”是常见搭配，意为“组建/成立组织”，to后接动词原形form构成动词不定式。 6．句意：首先，它在紧急情况中提供援助。根据后文“In 2010, there was a big earthquake in Haiti.”可知，此处指灾难或突发事件；首字母为e，应填emergencies（emergency的复数，因泛指各类紧急事件）。 7．句意：超过20万人死亡，还有更多人失去了家园。根据“In 2010, there was a big earthquake in Haiti.”可知是更多的人失去了家园，结合首字母l可知用lose表示“失去”，结合“In 2010”可知用一般过去时，lose的过去式lost。 8．句意：乐施会工作的第二种方式是帮助人们预防未来灾害。前文提到“Firstly”，此处应为第二种方式，空格前已有“The”，且首字母为s，此处用序数词second。 9．句意：这家慈善机构运营慈善商店，你可以买到人们捐赠的物品。根据“this charity has run charity shop”可知是能买到人们捐赠的物品，用donate表示“捐赠”，此处用一般现在时，主语people后接动词原形。 10．句意：大使们拥有不同的技能，但他们传递的信息是相同的。前后句意转折（技能不同 vs 信息一致），首字母为b，应填连词but表转折。 话题8 环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏省南京市玄武区·期末)Hey, everyone. Have you heard of World Rainforest Day? It’s on June 22nd, and it’s like a big birthday party for the most amazing places on Earth—the rainforests. Rainforests cover just 6% of the Earth’s surface but are h 1 to over half of all the world’s plants and animals. Imagine walking t 2 a rainforest, hearing the calls of colorful birds, spotting playful monkeys swinging from tree to tree, and seeing giant trees that r 3 for the sky. These places are not only beautiful but also i 4 . They’re often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they suck in carbon dioxide and p 5 oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live. S 6 , these rainforests are in big trouble. Every day, huge areas of them are cut down for things like farming, logging, and building cities. If this c 7 , many amazing plants and animals will disappear. But don’t worry—we can be rainforest heroes. We can start by using less paper and choosing products that don’t hurt the rainforests. Also, s 8 the word to our friends and family about how awesome rainforests are helps a lot. On World Rainforest Day, there are cool things to do. Fun science projects about rainforests might be o 9 by schools, like making a mini rainforest in a jar. There are also tree- planting events. They are situations w 10 you can get your hands dirty and help grow new forests. So, mark June 22nd on your calendar. Let’s join hands and show the world that we’re ready to protect these natural treasures. 【答案】 1．(h)ome 2．(t)hrough 3．(r)each 4．(i)mportant 5．(p)roduce/(p)rovide 6．(S)adly 7．(c)ontinues 8．(s)preading 9．(o)rganized/(o)rganised 10．(w)here 【导语】本文主要介绍了6月22日——世界雨林日。 【详解】1．句意：热带雨林仅占地球表面积的 6%，但却是世界上超过一半动植物的家园。根据“to over half of all the world’s plants and animals”及首字母提示可知，此处表达热带雨林是世界上超过一半动植物的家园，home“家”符合，故填(h)ome。 2．句意：想象一下，走在热带雨林中，听着五彩斑斓的鸟儿鸣叫，看到顽皮的猴子在树间荡来荡去，还看到高耸入云的参天大树。根据首字母提示可知，walk through“走过；穿过”，表示走过雨林。故填(t)hrough。 3．句意：想象一下，走在热带雨林中，听着五彩斑斓的鸟儿鸣叫，看到顽皮的猴子在树间荡来荡去，还看到高耸入云的参天大树。根据首字母提示可知，此处表示“树木向天空延伸/生长”，reach “到达，抵达”符合。故填(r)each。 4．句意：这些地方不仅美丽，而且重要。根据“They’re often called the ‘lungs of the Earth’ because they suck in carbon dioxide”及首字母提示可知，雨林很重要，important“重要的”符合。故填(i)mportant。 5．句意：它们通常被称为 “地球的肺”，因为它们吸收二氧化碳并产生/提供我们所有人生存所需的氧气。根据“oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live”可知是产生/提供氧气，produce“产生”/provide“提供”符合，句子为一般现在时，主语they为复数，动词用原形。故填(p)roduce/(p)rovide。 6．句意：遗憾的是，这些热带雨林正面临着巨大的麻烦。根据“these rainforests are in big trouble”可知，热带雨林面临麻烦是令人感到遗憾的事情，sadly“令人遗憾地”符合。故填(S)adly。 7．句意：如果这种情况继续下去，许多令人惊叹的动植物将会消失。根据“many amazing plants and animals will disappear”可知，如果这种情况继续下去，许多动植物会消失，continue“继续”，主语this为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(c)ontinues。 8．句意：此外，向我们的朋友和家人传播热带雨林有多么美妙的消息也很有帮助。根据“the word to our friends and family about…”可知，此处表达传播热带雨林有多么美妙的消息，spread“传播”，动名词作主语。故填(s)preading。 9．句意：关于热带雨林的有趣科学项目可以由学校组织，比如在罐子里制作一个迷你热带雨林。根据“Fun science projects about rainforests might be…by schools”可知是由学校组织科学项目，organize/organise“组织”符合，此处为被动语态，空处用过去分词。故填(o)rganized/(o)rganised。 10．句意：这些情况下，你可以亲自动手，帮助种植新的森林。分析句子结构可知，此处为where引导的定语从句，表示“这些活动是可以亲自上手种树的场合”。故填(w)here。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏省镇江市区·期末)An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting (垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity (推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers’ community was very s 1 . He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage. Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded (升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don’t want. This can help those who can’t a 5 clothes in some poor areas. Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion (劝说)”. 16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 8 made an animation (动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9 .” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025. 【答案】 1．(s)uccessful 2．(d)evelop 3．(h)uge 4．(r)esisted 5．(a)fford 6．(b)etter 7．(m)anage 8．(e)ven 9．(e)nvironment 10．(c)losely 【导语】本文主要讲述了上海垃圾分类工作效果显著，政府通过志愿者宣传，升级设施和应用技术，居民从抵触转向积极参与，并形成习惯。政府还通过积分奖励和校园推广助力全国2025年全面实施垃圾分类。 【详解】1．句意：在他的回复中，他表示很高兴得知，在过去几年的宣传推广之后，志愿者社区的垃圾分类工作取得了非常显著的成效。根据“he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity…”及首字母提示可知，他很高兴看到这几年宣传推广后的结果，可推测应是指志愿者的工作非常“成功”，应用形容词successful作表语。故填(s)uccessful。 2．句意：他还希望更多的人能够养成垃圾分类的习惯。根据前文描述通过这几年的宣传垃圾分类效果显著、“They help with garbage sorting”及结合首字母提示可知，此处指“养成”垃圾分类的习惯，动词develop“发展，养成”符合，且情态动词后应用动词原形。故填(d)evelop。 3．句意：近年来，这座城市发生了巨大的变化。根据“but now they are actively joining in the activity”及首字母提示可知，人们之后积极投身于垃圾分类的活动中，此处应指这座城市发生了“巨大的”变化，应用形容词huge“巨大的”作定语修饰名词change“改变”。故填(h)uge。 4．句意：过去人们曾抵制垃圾分类，但现在他们却积极投身于这项活动中。根据后句的转折“but now they are actively joining in the activity”及首字母提示可知，人们之后积极投身于垃圾分类的活动中，可推测之前人们应是“抵制”垃圾分类，动词resist“抵制，抵抗”符合，且该句描述的过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，应用其对应的动词过去式作谓语。故填(r)esisted。 5．句意：这能够帮助那些在一些贫困地区买不起衣服的人们。根据“People put in old clothes they don’t want.”及首字母提示可知，人们可以将不想要的衣服投入回收机器中，此处应指这个举动可以将衣服给贫困地区“买不起”衣服的人们，动词afford“负担，买得起”符合，且情态动词后应用动词原形。故填(a)fford。 6．句意：对垃圾进行分类是让社区变得更美好的一种方式。结合语境及前文，文章提到了上海这座城市之前人们对垃圾分类的抵触到之后积极投身垃圾分类的活动中，并在垃圾分类方面效果显著且发生了巨大的变化，再结合首字母提示可知，此处应指这是垃圾分类使社区变得(与之前相比)“更好的”一种方式，应用形容词good的比较级better“更好的”作定语修饰place。故填(b)etter。 7．句意：此外，如果人们能够将垃圾正确地投放到相应的垃圾桶中，他们就能在支付宝上获得积分。根据“‘The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,’ said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of ‘persuasion’”及首字母提示可知，此处介绍了正确的垃圾分类的奖励机制，此处应用动词manage与之构成动词短语，“manage to do sth.”表示“设法做某事”，且该句时态为一般现在时，从句主语they为第三人称复数形式，应用其动词原形作从句中的谓语。故填(m)anage。 8．句意：我和我的同学们甚至还制作了一个动画来帮助人们理解。分析句子结构、根据“16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting.”及首字母提示可知，前句介绍了志愿者们制作了关于垃圾分类的海报和文章，且该句结构完整，此处应用副词even强调提及的事物或情况超出了常规或预期，用于加强语气。故填(e)ven。 9．句意：在观察了这些情况之后，他们明白了垃圾分类对于环境有多么重要。根据常识及首字母提示可知，此处介绍了垃圾分类对“环境”的影响，应用名词environment与之搭配。故填(e)nvironment。 10．句意：在未来，该社区将举办更多的活动，并与当地学校密切合作。分析句子结构及首字母提示可知，此处应指将来社区将会和当地学校“密切合作”，且该句结构完整，应用副词closely与之搭配，用于描述不同情境下的紧密关系或细致程度。故填(c)losely。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏省南京市建邺区新城中学·期末) For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 【答案】 1．(p)lastic 2．(f)riendly 3．(e)xample 4．(q)uite 5．(u)sed 6．(a)dded 7．(W)hile 8．(o)nes 9．(p)roduces 10．(i)nstead 【导语】本文主要讲述竹子作为塑料的环保替代品在不同领域的应用及其优势。 【详解】1．句意：现在，竹子正在扮演新角色——替代塑料！根据下文“Using bamboo…of plastic helps the local community a lot.”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指替代塑料，plastic“塑料”。故填(p)lastic。 2．句意：为了解决这个问题，浙江、福建、四川、广东和安徽省都使用竹子作为环保替代品。environmentally friendly“环保的”，是固定搭配。故填(f)riendly。 3．句意：浙江安吉县是一个好例子。a good example“一个好例子”，是固定搭配。故填(e)xample。 4．句意：小时候，竹编篮子和椅子非常常见。根据“When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were… common”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指竹编篮子和椅子非常常见，quite“相当”。故填(q)uite。 5．句意：白说，该县300多家餐馆和酒店使用竹制餐具。根据“bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is…in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指使用竹制餐具，use“使用”，用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(u)sed。 6．句意：她补充道：“这些竹制袋子可以在三个月内分解，但它们比塑料袋更坚固。”根据上“…said Bai Xia”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指补充的内容，add“补充道”，此处表示过去的事情，应填added。故填(a)dded。 7．句意：虽然树木需要10多年生长，竹子仅需4到6年。前后句对比关系，while“而”符合。故填(W)hile。 8．句意：这意味着人们可以在不种植新植物的情况下获得许多收成。根据“This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new…”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指无需种植新的竹子，用ones指代。故填(o)nes。 9．句意：据说安吉每年生产40万至50万吨竹子。根据“between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指产量，produce“生产”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Anji”，用三单形式。故填(p)roduces。 10．句意：用竹子代替塑料对当地社区帮助很大。根据上文“Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products.”可知，此处指用竹子代替塑料，instead of“代替”，是固定搭配。故填(i)nstead。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 首字母填空常考话题 话题1 家乡变化 话题2 景点/建筑 话题3 网络旅行 话题4 阅读 话题5 礼仪与习俗 话题6 志愿服务 话题7 慈善机构 话题8 环境保护 话题1 家乡变化 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省镇江市丹阳市·期中)Ten years ago, my hometown was like a black-and-white photo. The streets were n 1 , with bicycle bells “ding-ding-ing” and old men playing chess under trees. Today, it’s turned into a bright and colourful painting The dirty paths became wide paved roads with trees and flowers on both sides. Last month, the high-speed railway station o 2 . My cousin in Shanghai can visit us in just 1 hour It used to take my father 5 hours by bus. How l 3 our generation (一代人) are! O 4 there was a smelly river behind our school. But now it becomes a clear stream with wooden walkways. Every spring, families have picnics under cherry blossom trees that volunteers planted in the park. My friends have fun playing sports, i 5 pingpong, badminton, and so on. Even Grandma uses smartphones She video-calls cousins in Australia and buys groceries through apps. The new smart library near the square is my favorite spot. No librarians—just scan your ID, and the robot brings you b 6 ! But some things never change. The 500-year-old stone bridge s 7 stands proudly, protected as cultural heritage (遗产). Old tea houses now sell milk tea together with traditional longjing tea, m 8 old with new. During some important festivals, people use many LED lanterns to f 9 different characters in the sky. Moreover, we set up shining drones (无人机). These cool new ways help us add old traditions to our m 10 lives. I love my hometown’s progress and I’m glad we’ re growing wisely, not just quickly. Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏省镇江市丹徒区镇江市宜城中学教育集团五校联考·月考)I love my hometown, it has changed a lot over the years. It is in the n 1 part of the country. Recently, it has changed a lot. The e 2 is much better now. The air is cleaner, and there are more green s 3 . This is great for people who love nature and want to enjoy outdoor activities, s 4 as travelling and visiting new places. However, some people feel a bit l 5 because the city is growing fast and it’s hard to keep in t 6 with friends. A 7 , the changes are fantastic. There are more jobs and better facilities, like new shopping centers and d 8 kinds of restaurants. Last weekend, I received an i 9 and was asked about these changes. I think the city is improving, e 10 some traffic problems. I hope we can continue to make it a better place to live. Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏省连云港市灌南县·期中)In the p 1 few years, great changes have taken place around us. The roads u 2 to be narrow and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was r 3 everywhere. And the air wasn’t f 4 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the waste into the river. Water p 5 was also a big problem. Nowadays, our living c 6 have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It’s really easy for people to go out. We can c 7 different types of transport to go anywhere. The g 8 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 9 into big beautiful houses. Moreover, mobile phones make c 10 much easier now. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colorful flowers. Our country is becoming richer and stronger. We are living a happy life. 话题2 景点/建筑 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省连云港市灌南县·月考)Nanjing, one of the ancient capitals of China, rests in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Rich in history and culture, Nanjing has long been a p 1 tourist attraction. Around the old city centre of Nanjing, there is a wall with a history of over 600 years. It is the best-protected and l 2 city wall in the world. Zhongshan Mountain National Park is also a good c 3 for first-time visitors. The fantastic mountains and h 4 buildings there are well w 5 a visit. Nanjing is a famous c 6 of knowledge and learning. Besides its many u 7 , the city is also p 8 of the Confucius Temple. It was once the highest e 9 body in ancient China. Why not take a boat trip a 10 the nearby Qinhuai River at night? It is a good way to enjoy the old-time feel there. Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏省南京市明道中学·期中)Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special f 1 of traditional Chinese culture and art. At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is u 2 a huge stone or wall to screen your view. This is to give you a pressed-in feeling in order to later produce unexpected joy w 3 you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations (假山) and a big lake. The best e 4 is the Summer Palace. Rock formations play an important role in the d 5 of a Chinese-style garden. Without them, a garden could not be considered a Chinese-style garden. They are as i 6 to a Chinese-style garden as sculptures are to a European-style-garden. Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for its Four Seasons Rockeries. Gardens in the south are mostly small in size. Chinese garden designers have used the m 7 of “borrowing scenery with a mirror” to create a sense of space. A mirror is hung opposite a window to take in the o 8 scenery. A fine example of this is Pian Shi Shan Fang, a rockery in He Garden, Yangzhou. A big mirror is built into the wall of its west corridor (走廊). The whole garden will be s 9 in the mirror wherever the visitors are. A pool or a lake in a garden also serves this purpose. A pool runs from south to north t 10 the garden of Pian Shi Shan Fang. East of the rockery, a man-made moon is reflected (倒映) in the pool. Whatever methods used, every effort is made to achieve the purpose of giving visitors a sense of space in the garden. Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州市江都区华君国际初中·期中)Sayram Lake (赛里木湖) rests quietly in the heart of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang. Known as “the last tear of the Atlantic Ocean,” it is Xinjiang’s highest and largest alpine lake. As Sa Beining once said: “A trip to Xinjiang would not be complete without a visit to Sayram Lake.” A 1 the weather in the high mountains changes very fast, the lake’s bright blue colour almost never changes. Local c 2 have lived by the grasslands for hundreds of years. They love their home deeply and welcome tourists in a warm and friendly way. They take great pride in this great natural w 3 and pass on many old and interesting stories about the lake. The lake stands on the ancient Silk Road, with a long history and unique local culture. In summer, colourful flowers bloom everywhere around the lake. The wind blows gently, making the water look like a bright blue diamond. The air is fresh and pleasant, and the clear water is c 4 blue, and you can even see the Coregonus peled (高白鲑) at the bottom of the lake. Sheep and cows wander slowly across the green grass, enjoying the peaceful natural environment. When people first see the lake, they will surely fall in love with it. To many visitors’ s 5 , the lake is much more beautiful than they can imagine. To protect the lake, the local g 6 has built new roads and comfortable viewing areas. It also makes rules to ask people to protect nature and keep the place clean. Most visitors agree that it is w 7 visiting the lake again and again because it is so amazing. Many young people return to live here, feeling h 8 about their future. They work hard to make their hometown better and better. They try their best to keep the lake clean and beautiful, w 9 harming the environment. Sayram Lake really touches the h 10 of everyone who comes to visit this wonderful place. 话题3 网络旅行 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省连云港市新海初级中学教育集团·期中)There is an old Chinese saying, “It is better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.” I both like reading and travelling. I have read a book named Gulliver in Lilliput in r 1 days. I was shocked that his arms, legs and hair were t 2 to the ground by tiny people. I also had a special online tour around the world. Among a w 3 of popular cities in China, I chose to visit Shenzhen online. It is a beautiful city in the s 4 part of China. It has grown from a small village to a modern city. A 5 it is young, it has many famous h 6 companies and technology industries. As a pioneer city, Shenzhen has improved the quality of life for its  c 7 . I could hardly i 8 how fast it developed! This online tour let me visit many great places w 9 an hour. I t 10 enjoyed this unforgettable experience and learnt a lot. Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏盐城市康居路初中教育集团·月考)Have you noticed the “Tour” icon at the top of the travel website? Just c 1 on it, and you can visit the whole world in only a few hours! Nowadays, online travel has become more and more popular. It gives us a chance to see the world w 2 leaving our homes. For example, you can visit the Louvre Museum in Paris and enjoy the great w 3 of art online. If you are a nature lover, you can take a virtual walk in the C 4 Park to relax after a day’s hard work. Online travel is not only easy, but also cheap. You don’t need to b 5 tickets, hotels or plane tickets. It also helps protect the natural and cultural attractions, because fewer visitors go there in p 6 . Of course, some people still prefer real travel. It usually takes time and money. But it gives you memories you can keep forever. I 7 you go to Suzhou’s gardens, you can touch the stone bridges and f 8 the cool wind from the lakes. W 9 you choose online travel or real travel, the m 10 important thing is to open eyes and enjoy the journey of discovery. Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)Thanks to the Internet, online travel has become easier, cheaper and more interesting than before. Nowadays, the Internet has c 1 changed many things in our life, including how we travel. First, we can plan our trips e 2 online. We don’t need to buy paper maps or ask others for directions. With just a few c 3 , we can find information about famous scenic spots, read travel a 4 from other visitors, and even watch videos of the places we want to visit. This helps us know what to expect and make b 5 plans. Second, b 6 tickets and hotels is much simpler. In the past, we had to go to travel agencies or railway stations in p 7 . But now, we can do so on our phones anytime, anywhere. We can also compare p 8 and choose the best deals, which saves us both time and money. The online tour opens up a new world for us to e 9 . I love this new way of travelling and look forward to visiting more places with the h 10 of the Internet. 话题4 阅读 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏南通市海安市·期中)World Book Day was set up by the UNESCO in 1995. It is held on 23rd April every year to encourage people of all ages, especially teenagers to enjoy the p 1 time of reading. World Book Day calls on people to turn off the TV, put a 2 the video games and enjoy reading. World Book Day encourages people everywhere to o 3 their own activities to promote (促进) reading. In a school, students read a page from a book that they like best. In a workplace, workers join an after-work book club. Old people can reread the book that helps them in their lives. Many countries c 4 World Book Day. On that day, millions of school children in the UK can buy books of s 5 price, a much lower price than usual, in any bookstore. It has been done every year since 1998. In China, some libraries p 6 some special shelves. There the book-lovers can exchange their books and joy by taking others’ books home while o 7 some of their own. Schools organize students to exchange their ideas about reading. T 8 the activities on World Book Day, people can see more clearly the i 9 of reading. Books give us knowledge and help us know more and better about the world around us. Books offer us inspiration (灵感) so we can have ideas for making or designing things that we didn’t have before. Books, magazines, newspapers and other kinds of reading m 10 can help us to improve ourselves. So we need to spend time reading not only on World Book Day but also every day. Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏南京市二十九中学·期中)Literature is a gate to different worlds, ideas and feelings. For teenagers, literature has many advantages that help with the d 1 of our thinking and personal growth. Literature helps us understand life better. Stories, novels and poems allow us to experience different cultures, histories and viewpoints. By studying literature, we learn about the lives of people in other places, w 2 it’s a Chinese classic or a famous Western novel. These works also teach us about human feelings and how we should face them o 3 . What’s more, literature i 4 our language skills. Reading books exposes us to new words and phrases, which makes us better a 5 expressing our thoughts and ideas. The more we read, the more we pick up different ways to speak and write. This helps us both in daily c 6 and in important exams. Another great thing about literature is how it encourages us to think deeply. For example, when we read, we might wonder why a character makes a different c 7 or what the story really means. This helps us watch situations c 8 and solve problems wisely. These skills can go b 9 schoolwork, reaching into many parts of our daily life. Literature also has the power to inspire. Many great stories are filled with characters who face challenges, get over d 10 and follow their dreams. By reading about them, we are reminded of our own powers and the importance of never giving up. In short, literature helps us understand the world, express ourselves better, think more deeply, and find the courage and hope to live our lives to the full. Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏省盐城市东台市第五教育联盟·期中)I’m a fan of literature. Reading literature has become my most meaningful c 1 in life. During this busy study period, I always set aside time to read articles closely, which b 2 me peace and growth. Literature o 3 a new world for me. Through great works, I learn about different lives, cultures and spirits. The more I read, the more c 4 I become. My teachers often p 5 me for my active thinking and deep understanding. They e 6 me to keep reading and never give up. It is c 7 for teenagers to feel confused, but literature guides me forward. I often take notes while reading and share my ideas with friends. We discuss articles t 8 and improve ourselves. I will continue this lovely habit. Literature t 9 me to think, to be brave and to love life. It is not just a hobby, but a lifelong treasure that makes my life r 10 and brighter. 话题5 礼仪与习俗 Passage 1 (25-26八年级下·江苏省东海县·期中)I’ve been in China long enough to understand Chinese culture. So I can tell you many interesting d 1 between British manners and Chinese manners. Here are some of them. First, Chinese have their own way to show their p 2 and respect for others. For example, they say nin to address others in a formal s 3 . Second, Chinese behave differently from British when it comes to praise. If someone says I speak good Chinese, I’ll be pleased and tell them I love l 4 the language. But when I praise my Chinese friends, i 5 of saying “Thank you”, they often r 6 “Nali, nali”. They are too modest to accept praise o 7 . Third, eating together is important for people to c 8 with each other. One day, my host i 9 me to dinner. He kept putting food on my plate, which is his way of showing how much he cared a 10 me. I ate so much because I was too polite to r 11 ! He didn’t ask me i 12 I could eat so much. It can be hard at f 13 to get used to all these different ways. W 14 I can do is just tell myself: when in Rome, do a 15 the Romans do! Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏省连云港市海州区·期末)There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students r 1 for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences h 2 . Whether (无论) visiting museums, places of interest, or friends’ homes, it’s important to f 3 proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First, many places have p 4 signs saying “No touching” or “No photos”—follow these instructions. Second, keep your v 5 down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third, never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend’s home, bring a small g 6 like flowers or chocolates. You are e 7 to take off shoes in some families. Never t 8 private (私人的) things if the host doesn’t agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen c 9 to guides. Put up your hand for questions i 10 of shouting out. As the saying goes, “Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot.” Let’s all be polite visitors Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏南京市溧水区第一中学·月考)Good manners are very important in our daily life. They can help us make a good impression on others and get along well with people around us. First, we should be p 1 to others. We should say “please” when we ask for help and “thank you” when we receive something. We should also respect the elderly and love the young. Second, we should behave well in p 2 places. We shouldn’t talk loudly or laugh loudly in libraries, hospitals or cinemas. We shouldn’t l 3 everywhere. We should wait in line when we are buying tickets or getting on the bus. Don’t push in before others. Third, we should be h 4 . We shouldn’t tell lies or cheat others. We should keep our promises if we make them. Fourth, we should help people who are in t 5 . For example, we can help the blind cross the street, or help the old people carry heavy things. Being a v 6 is also a good way to help others. We can s 7 our time and skills to help people in need. Fifth, we should be p 8 with others. Don’t get angry easily when someone makes a small mistake. Try to understand them and give them a hand. Good manners are not difficult to learn. If we practice them every day, we will develop good habits and become polite people. Remember, small good manners can make a big d 9 to the world and make it a more b 10 place to live in. 话题6 志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏省淮安市·期末)I think it wonderful to help others, so I would like to t 1 part in the activity this weekend. My neighbour Mr. Li needs our h 2 . He is 75 years old now and he is disabled. What’s worse, he is blind. Since he lives alone, it’s really difficult for him to take a walk and do some reading. So I plan to take him for a walk. I will chat with him and r 3 newspapers for him. I also plan to help c 4 his flat. It is n 5 for us to do something for the elderly, and we can also learn more about their lives. We know there are many left-behind (留守的) children now. Their parents work far away f 6 their hometowns. These children are facing many p 7 now. It is easy for them to feel l 8 and they also have some trouble making friends with others sometimes. I think we should plan a v 9 project to help them. And we can d 10 our money and clothes to them. We should care more about them. And parents should return to see their children as often as possible. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏省盐城市·期末)On a small hill in Huaping, there is a small school. However, o 1 the past fourteen years, it has changed the future of over 2,000 poor girls by sending them to colleges. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She began teaching in Huaping—one of China’s p 2 areas about twenty years ago. The teacher found many girls would just stop coming to school one day. Later, Zhang learned they were made to work or get married to s 3 their family. “Every child has the r 4 to receive education,” she said. “However, these poor girls don’t even have a c 5 to stand on the starting line.” To change this, Zhang spent years raising money. Finally in 2008, she s 6 up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day and tries her best to help the students. After years of h 7 work, she is in poor health, but in her mind the school and the students are more important. Zhang’s story has deeply t 8 people all over China and inspired (激励) many to follow in her footsteps. Zhou Yunli, one of her students, heard the school was short of maths teachers. She r 9 to the school to teach at once after college. “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody,” Zhou said. “I’m p 10 that I can do my part. When we become strong, we must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州中学教育集团树人学校·月考)Last year, a group of teenagers t 1 a project called “Tech for Good”. Their a 2 was to help elderly people learn to use smartphones. Many elderly felt lonely because they couldn’t connect with their families online. The teenagers v 3 to teach free classes every Sunday. They were patient and c 4 to help the elderly learn step by step. “I used to be afraid of technology,” said Mr Lim, “Now I can video call my grandchildren. It means the world to me.” One of the students, Sarah, said she felt p 5 to see the elderly become more confident. “It’s not just about teaching,” she said. “It’s about building c 6 .” The project also helped the students grow. They learned to listen and understand different n 7 . Their teacher, Ms Ng, said she was deeply t 8 by their kindness. “They didn’t wait for someone else to make a change—they started it t 9 ,” she said. The group hopes to expand (扩大) their p 10 to more neighbourhoods next year. 话题7 慈善机构 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏省镇江市句容市·期末)Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife, Bill and Kathy Magee. In 1982, t 1 with some volunteers, they went to the Philippines to help children with cleft lip palate (唇腭裂). Eating and drinking are very d 2 for these children. The couple worked very hard, but they worried that they could not c 3 on with the work because they didn’t have enough money to treat more children. Then they d 4 to start a charity so that they could help these children. They c 5 it Operation Smile. Over the years, Operation Smile has won many p 6 for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called “The World Journey of Hope”. 5,300 children in 18 countries were o 7 on successfully during the event. Now the charity works in more than 30 countries and has volunteer doctors from o 8 60 countries. It p 9 free operations and medical care for many children each year. On the other hand, Operation Smile helps t 10 local doctors and nurses so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. Passage 2 (25-26八年级下·江苏南通市启东市长江中学·月考)Oxfam is one of the biggest charities. Oxfam’s ideas are simple: everybody must have the r 1 to live, food to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and m 2 care. Oxfam began its work d 3 World War II. At that time the Greeks didn’t have enough to eat because of the war. People in Oxford d 4 to give money and food to people in Greece, So the name Oxfam comes from two w 5 —Oxford and Famine (饥荒). Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly, it o 6 help in emergencies. In 2010 there was a big earthquake in Haiti. Over 200,000 people died and many more 1 7 their homes.Doctors and volunteers provided help. They gave out food and brought clean water to the villages.The s 8 way Oxfam works is to help people prevent future disasters. In order to raise money, this charity has run charity shops, where you can buy things that people d 9 , like clothes, toys and food. Another way to get money is with “ambassadors (大使)” who do voluntary work for charities. Ambassadors have different skills b 10 the messages they send are the same-we should do what we can to help people in need! Passage 3 (25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·月考)Oxfam International, usually known as Oxfam, is one of the biggest charities. Oxfam's ideas are s 1 : everybody in the world must have the right to live, food to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care. All these ideas are c 2 . Oxfam began its work during wartime in the 1930s. At that time, the Greeks didn’t have enough to eat because of the war. People in Oxford d 3 to give money and food to people in Greece. So the name Oxfam comes from two w 4 —Oxford and Famine (饥荒). After the war, Oxfam joined other organizations to f 5 Oxfam International. Nowadays, this charity benefits people in over ninety cities in Africa, South America and Asia.Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly, it offers help in e 6 . In 2010, there was a big earthquake in Haiti. Over 200,000 people died and many more l 7 their homes. Doctors and volunteers provided medical help and gave out food and brought clean water to the villages. The s 8 way Oxfam works is to help people prevent future disasters. Oxfam has started a project called GROW, which helps farmers produce more and better food. But how does Oxfam pay for it all? In order to raise money, this charity has run charity shops, where you can buy things that people d 9 , like clothes, toys and food. Another way to get money is with“ambassadors”—famous people who do voluntary work for charities and collect money. Ambassadors have different skills b 10 the message they send is the same—we should do what we can to help people in need! 话题8 环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏省南京市玄武区·期末)Hey, everyone. Have you heard of World Rainforest Day? It’s on June 22nd, and it’s like a big birthday party for the most amazing places on Earth—the rainforests. Rainforests cover just 6% of the Earth’s surface but are h 1 to over half of all the world’s plants and animals. Imagine walking t 2 a rainforest, hearing the calls of colorful birds, spotting playful monkeys swinging from tree to tree, and seeing giant trees that r 3 for the sky. These places are not only beautiful but also i 4 . They’re often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they suck in carbon dioxide and p 5 oxygen (氧气) that we all need to live. S 6 , these rainforests are in big trouble. Every day, huge areas of them are cut down for things like farming, logging, and building cities. If this c 7 , many amazing plants and animals will disappear. But don’t worry—we can be rainforest heroes. We can start by using less paper and choosing products that don’t hurt the rainforests. Also, s 8 the word to our friends and family about how awesome rainforests are helps a lot. On World Rainforest Day, there are cool things to do. Fun science projects about rainforests might be o 9 by schools, like making a mini rainforest in a jar. There are also tree- planting events. They are situations w 10 you can get your hands dirty and help grow new forests. So, mark June 22nd on your calendar. Let’s join hands and show the world that we’re ready to protect these natural treasures. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏省镇江市区·期末)An officer in Shanghai recently replied to a letter from volunteers in a community. They help with garbage sorting (垃圾分类). In his reply, he said he was happy to know that after recent years of publicity (推广), the work of garbage sorting in the volunteers’ community was very s 1 . He also hopes more people can d 2 the habit of sorting garbage. Since 2019, more than 22,000 garbage stations have been upgraded (升级) in Shanghai. A h 3 change has taken place in the city in recent years. People once r 4 garbage sorting, but now they are actively joining in the activity. The community also makes use of technology in garbage sorting. There are special recycling machines besides the garbage cans. People put in old clothes they don’t want. This can help those who can’t a 5 clothes in some poor areas. Sorting garbage is a way to make the community a b 6 place. Also, people can get points on Alipay if they m 7 to put the garbage into the right bins. The points can be exchanged for gifts on Tmall,” said a volunteer. He said many people changed their minds after this kind of “persuasion (劝说)”. 16-year-old volunteer Yu Yue has made posters and written articles about garbage sorting. “My classmates and I e 8 made an animation (动画) to help people understand. After watching them, they have known how important garbage sorting is to the e 9 .” Yu said. In the future, the community will hold more events and work c 10 with local schools. The whole country is going to implement garbage sorting by the end of 2025. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏省南京市建邺区新城中学·期末) For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 1 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 2 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 3 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 4 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 5 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 6 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 7 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 8 . It’s said that Anji p 9 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 10 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 首字母填空常考话题 参考答案 话题1 家乡变化 Passage 1：1．(n)arrow 2．(o)pened 3．(l)ucky 4．(O)nce 5．(i)ncluding 6．(b)ooks 7．(s)till 8．(m)ixing 9．(f)orm 10．(m)odern Passage 2：1．(n)orthern/(n)orthwestern/(n)ortheastern 2．(e)nvironment 3．(s)paces 4．(s)uch 5．(l)onely 6．(t)ouch 7．(A)nyway 8．(d)ifferent 9．(i)nterview 10．(e)xcept Passage 3：1．(p)ast 2．(u)sed 3．(r)ubbish 4．(f)resh 5．(p)ollution 6．(c)onditions 7．(c)hoose 8．(g)overnment 9．(m)oved 10．(c)ommunication 话题2 景点/建筑 Passage 1：1．popular/opular 2．longest/ongest 3．choice/hoice 4．historic/istoric 5．worth/orth 6．centre/entre/center/enter 7．universities/niversities 8．proud/roud 9．educational/ducational 10．along/long Passage 2：1．form/orm 2．usually/sually 3．when/hen 4．example/xample 5．design/esign 6．important/mportant 7．method/ethod 8．outside/utside 9．seen/een 10．through/hrough Passage 3：1．Although/lthough 2．citizens/itizens 3．wonder/onder 4．crystal 5．surprise/urprise 6．government/overnment 7．worth/orth 8．happy 9．without/ithout 10．hearts/earts 话题3 网络旅行 Passage 1：1．recent/ecent 2．tied/ied 3．wealth/ealth 4．southern/outhern 5．Although/lthough 6．high-tech/igh-tech 7．citizens/itizens 8．imagine/magine 9．within/ithin 10．truly/ruly Passage 2：1．click/lick 2．without/ithout 3．works/orks 4．Central/entral 5．book/ook 6．person/erson 7．If/f 8．feel/eel 9．Whether/hether 10．most/ost Passage 3：1．completely/ompletely 2．easily/asily 3．clicks/licks 4．advice/dvice 5．better/etter 6．booking/ooking 7．person/erson 8．prices/rices 9．explore/xplore 10．help/elp 话题4 阅读 Passage 1：1．pleasant/leasant 2．away/way 3．organize/rganize 4．celebrate/elebrate 5．special/pecial 6．provide/rovide 7．offering/ffering 8．Through/hrough 9．importance/mportance 10．materials/aterials Passage 2：1．development/evelopment 2．whether/hether 3．ourselves/urselves 4．improves/mproves 5．at/t 6．conversations/onversations 7．choice/hoice 8．carefully/arefully 9．beyond/eyond 10．difficulties/ifficulties Passage 3：1．choice/hoice 2．brings/rings 3．opens/pens 4．confident/onfident 5．praise/raise 6．expect/xpect 7．common/ommon 8．together/ogether 9．teaches/eaches 10．richer/icher 话题5 礼仪与习俗 Passage 1：1．differences/ifferences 2．politeness/oliteness 3．situation/ituation 4．learning/earning 5．instead/nstead 6．reply/eply 7．openly/penly 8．communicate/ommunicate 9．invited/nvited 10．about/bout 11．refuse/efuse 12．if/f 13．first/irst 14．What/hat 15．as/s Passage 2：1．(r)ules 2．(h)appy 3．(f)ollow 4．(p)ublic 5．(v)oice 6．(g)ift 7．(e)xpected 8．(t)ouch 9．(c)arefully 10．(i)nstead Passage 3：1．polite/olite 2．public/ublic 3．litter/itter 4．honest/onest 5．trouble/rouble 6．volunteer/olunteer 7．share/hare 8．patient/atient 9．difference/ifference 10．beautiful/eautiful 话题6 志愿服务 Passage 1：1．take/ake 2．help/elp 3．read/ead 4．clean/lean 5．necessary/ecessary 6．from/rom 7．problems/roblems 8．lonely/onely 9．volunteer/olunteer 10．donate/onate Passage 2：1．(o)ver 2．(p)oorest 3．(s)upport 4．(r)ight 5．(c)hance 6．(s)et 7．(h)ard 8．(t)ouched 9． ( r)eturned 10．(p)roud Passage 3：1．took/ook 2．aim/im 3．volunteered/olunteered 4．careful/areful 5．proud/roud 6．connections/onnections 7．needs/eeds 8．touched/ouched 9．themselves/hemselves 10．project/roject 话题7 慈善机构 Passage 1：1．(t)ogether 2．(d)ifficult 3．(c)arry 4．(d)ecided 5．(c)alled 6．(p)rizes 7．(o)perated 8．(o)ver 9．(p)rovides 10．(t)rain Passage 2：1．right/ight 2．medical/edical 3．during/uring 4．decided/ecided 5．words/ords 6．offers/ffers 7．lost/ost 8．second/econd 9．donate/onate 10．but/ut Passage 3：1．simple/imple 2．connected/onnected 3．decided/ecided 4．words/ords 5．form/orm 6．emergencies/mergencies 7．lost/ost 8．second/econd 9．donate/onate 10．but/ut 话题8 环境保护 Passage 1：1．(h)ome 2．(t)hrough 3．(r)each 4．(i)mportant 5．(p)roduce/(p)rovide 6．(S)adly 7．(c)ontinues 8．(s)preading 9．(o)rganized/(o)rganised 10．(w)here Passage 2：1．(s)uccessful 2．(d)evelop 3．(h)uge 4．(r)esisted 5．(a)fford 6．(b)etter 7．(m)anage 8．(e)ven 9．(e)nvironment 10．(c)losely Passage 3：1．(p)lastic 2．(f)riendly 3．(e)xample 4．(q)uite 5．(u)sed 6．(a)dded 7．(W)hile 8．(o)nes 9．(p)roduces 10．(i)nstead 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $