暑假作业06 非谓语动词之动词不定式（巩固培优）高一英语译林版

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06 非谓语动词之动词不定式 一、基础认知 1. 定义 动词不定式是非谓语动词，本身不能单独作谓语，用来表示目的、将来、计划、具体动作，基本形式：to + 动词原形；否定式：not to do。 2. 完整时态语态变化 形式 主动 被动 含义 一般式 to do to be done 动作与主句谓语同时 / 之后发生 进行式 to be doing — 主句动作发生时，不定式正在进行 完成式 to have done to have been done 不定式动作发生在主句谓语之前 完成进行式 to have been doing — 谓语前持续一段时间的动作 3. 省略 to 的不定式 1　 使役动词：make, let, have（表 “使、让”） 2　 感官动词：see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at ✅ 口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助 ⚠️ 变被动语态时，必须还原 to 例：He made me cry. → I was made to cry. 二、不定式六大句法功能 (1)作主语 词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种： (1)把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。 To make up for lost time is not possible.要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。 (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： ①It+be+名词+to do It's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾老人是我们的责任。 It is an offence to drop litter in the street.在马路上乱丢废物是违章的。 ②It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作? ③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这篇作文。 It's difficult for us to finish the work in a week.对我们来说，一周之内完成这项工作很困难。 注意: It is+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth. 结构在 kind，good，nice，clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用 for 而用 of。 It's kind of you to say so. 相当于 You are kind to say so. 你这么说真是太好了。 (2)作宾语 不定式一般作动词的宾语，不直接作介词的宾语，但是“疑问词十不定式”结构可作介词的宾语。 Your father has at last decided to quit smoking.你父亲终于决定戒烟了。 I found it interesting to learn a foreign language.我发现学习一门外语很有趣。 Talk with friends about where to shop.与朋友讨论去哪里购物。 特别点击： 只接不定式不接动名词作宾语的动词常见的有afford(负担得起），agree(同意),arrange(安排)，ask(要求)，care(关心)，choose(选择），decide(决定），demand(要求)，determine（决心），expect(期待)，help(帮助)，hesitate(犹豫)，hope(希望)，long(渴望)，manage(设法），offer(主动提出)，plan(计划)，prepare(准备)，pretend(假装)，promise(承诺)，refuse(拒绝)，want(想要)，wish(想做)等。在复合实语中，这时可以把不定式放在宾补后面，而用形式宾语it代替它 I find it easy to learn English well. 我发现要把英语学好很容易。 (3)作表语 不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. 当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组时，或以what引导的名词性分句，不定 式说明主语的内容。 Our work is serving the people. What he likes is taking a walk after supper. The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting. 句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving the people is our work,而句中是现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 (4)作宾语补足语 常跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise（建议） allow（允许）ask（要求） beg（恳求） cause（引起） encourage（鼓励） expect（期待） forbid（禁止） force（强迫） intend（打算） invite（邀请） order（命令） persuade（说服） prefer（偏爱） require,（要求）teach（教）warn（警告）等。 另外，常跟不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： have, make, let, feel，see, observe. look at，listen to, notice, watch，hear, discover 等 但是，这些动词在被动形式下，需要带 to This piece of music was made to cheer you up. 这段音乐被用来让你兴奋起来。 The teacher encouraged us to write an article every week.老师鼓励我们每周写一篇文章。 You are not allowed to smoke here.你不允许在这里吸烟。 The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.医生告诫他不要吃太多的肉。 (5)作定语 ①不定式和它所修饰的词之间是动宾关系 I want to get something to read during the winter holiday． 我想找点东西在寒假读读。 ②被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语 The next person to speak was a foreigner. 下一个要发言的人是个外国人。 如果不定式是不及物动词，作定语时其后应有必要的介词 a pen to write with 用来写字的钢笔 修饰的名词是 time，place，way 时，其后习惯上常省略介词 We are looking for a place to lie (in). 我们在找能躺下的地方。 (6)作状语 不定式作状语主要表示原因、目的、结果等。 目的状语 to do /in order to do（so as to 不用于句首） In order to get a better view of the valley, many tourists climb to the top of the mountain before sunrise. 翻译：为了更好地观赏山谷全貌，许多游客日出前就登上山顶。 出乎意料的负面结果 only to do（完形高频） He rushed to the railway station in a hurry, only to be told that the high-speed train had already departed. 翻译：他急匆匆赶往火车站，结果却被告知高铁早已发车。 原因状语（修饰情绪类形容词） We are extremely delighted to hear that our school football team won the provincial competition. 翻译：得知校足球队拿下省级比赛冠军，我们无比欣喜。 一、单句语法填空 1．My plan is (invite) my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills. 【答案】to invite 【详解】句意：我的计划是周末邀请朋友们到我家来，向他们展示我新学会的技能。当主语是plan(计划), aim(目标), goal(目标), idea(想法)这类表示“计划、打算、意图”的名词时，常用动词不定式作表语来表示具体将要发生的动作。 2．The food safety report is said (submit) to the management last week. 【答案】to have been submitted 【详解】句意：这份食品安全报告据说上周就已经提交给管理层了。此处为be said to do固定结构，report与submit为被动关系，结合时间状语last week可知，此处表动作已完成，所以此处用不定式的完成式的被动式to have been submitted。 3．Parents should actively urge their children (take) advantage of the opportunity to participate in extracurricular activities. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：家长应当积极督促孩子抓住机会参加课外活动。短语urge sb. to do sth.表示“督促某人做某事”。 4．She was scared (dive) into the deep water because there were many dangerous creatures. 【答案】to dive 【详解】句意：她害怕潜入深水，因为那里有很多危险的生物。表示“害怕去做某事（因恐惧而不敢做）”用be scared to do sth.，本空用不定式to dive。 5．Anyone who tries to cheat in the exam is bound (punish) sooner or later. 【答案】to be punished 【详解】句意：任何企图在考试中作弊的人迟早一定会受到惩罚。“be bound to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“注定/一定会做某事”。句子主语Anyone和动词punish之间是被动关系，表示“被惩罚”，因此用不定式的被动结构。 6．Many countries have plans (further) study planets like Mars and Jupiter. 【答案】to further 【详解】句意：许多国家都制定了进一步研究火星、木星这类行星的计划。have plans to do sth.意为“有做某事的计划”，本句用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前文的抽象名词plans。 further作副词表示“进一步地”，本句中further作副词修饰动词原形study(研究)，不需要改变词形，只需要补充不定式符号to构成不定式结构，因此最终填to further。 7．A campus talent show is said to (hold) in the school hall next Friday. 【答案】be held 【详解】句意：据说下周五学校礼堂将举办一场校园才艺秀。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型：be said to do sth.“据说……”，不定式后接动词原形。主语 A campus talent show（校园才艺秀）和动词 hold（举办）是被动关系，节目是“被举办”，因此要用不定式的被动形式 to be + 过去分词。hold的过去分词为held。 8．I was very excited to find that there was a lot (explore) at senior high. 【答案】to explore 【详解】句意：我惊喜地发现，高中有许多事物等着去探索。there be + 名词 + to do表示“有……要去做/有待做”，此处用动词不定式to explore作后置定语。 9．No one knows how April Fool’s Day began but it was thought (begin) in France. 【答案】to have begun 【详解】句意：没有人知道愚人节是怎么开始的，但人们认为它起源于法国。be thought to do表示“被认为……”，其中不定式作主语补足语；结合句意可知，“起源于法国”发生在“被认为”之前，因此用不定式的完成式to have begun表已发生。 10．She felt an overwhelming desire (return) home, eager to escape from the tiredness and loneliness. 【答案】to return 【详解】句意：她心中涌起一股强烈的回家渴望，想要摆脱疲惫与孤独。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配a desire to do sth.，表“做某事的渴望”，用动词不定式to return作后置定语，符合语境。 11．I feel bad, so I don’t think I can manage (take) a long walk. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：我感觉不太好，所以我觉得自己可能无法坚持走很长的路。设空处跟在manage后面作宾语，要用不定式结构，构成固定搭配manage to do sth.，意为“设法完成某事”。 12． (earn) a living, some people opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. 【答案】To earn 【详解】句意：为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。opened up是谓语动词，“谋生”是开店的目的，空格处应填动词不定式作目的状语。位于句首大写首字母。 13．The most urgent thing now is (fix) the broken plumbing before the heavy rain comes. 【答案】to fix 【详解】句意：目前最紧急的事情是在大雨来临前修好破损的管道。根据句意，管道还未修好，是将要去做或需要完成的具体动作，应用不定式说明具体要去做的事，应填入to fix，与空后的不定式宾语the broken plumbing共同构成不定式短语作句子表语。 14．The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream (admit) to my favorite university will come true. 【答案】to be admitted 【详解】句意：考试很可能按预期顺利进行，我被心仪大学录取的梦想将会实现。my dream作主语，_______(admit) to my favorite university作后置定语修饰名词dream，要将动词admit变成非谓语动词；结合will come true可知，admit这个动作还没发生，要用动词不定式结构作后置定语，且表示“被大学录取”，要用动词不定式的被动语态to be admitted。 15．In this work, Monet’s aim in mind was (convey) the light in the scene. 【答案】to convey 【详解】句意：在这幅作品中，莫奈心中的目的是展现画面中的光线。主语为 aim，不定式to do放在be动词后作表语，用来解释具体内容。 16．Governors of Sichuan Province are preparing an application (include) Sanxingdui Ruins on the World Cultural Heritage List. 【答案】to include 【详解】句意：四川省政府官员正在准备将三星堆遗址列入世界文化遗产名录的申请。根据“application”可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词application，application to do sth表示“做某事的申请”。 17．He dares (challenge) all kinds of difficulties. 【答案】to challenge 【详解】句意：他敢于挑战各种困难。根据dares可知，本句中它为实义动词，dare to do sth.意思为：敢于做某事，空处用不定式作宾语。 18．Kevin learned an important lesson that day: always verify the facts before taking action, but never hesitate (help) those in need. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：凯文那天学到了一个重要教训：在采取行动之前，务必核实事实，但绝不能犹豫帮助有需要的人。此处为短语hesitate to do sth.表示“犹豫做某事”。 19．And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised (find) that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 【答案】to find 【详解】句意：如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现，不同的文化实际上终究有很多共同之处。此处为固定搭配be surprised to do sth.，表示“做某事感到惊讶”，空处需用动词不定式作原因状语。 20．Her ability to speak five languages fluently never fails (astonish) everyone she meets. 【答案】to astonish 【详解】句意：她能流利讲五种语言，总能让身边所有人为之惊叹。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配fail to do sth“未能做某事”，never fail to do“总能、必定做某事”，故填不定式形式作宾语。 21．Enjoying all the eyes on me, I demonstrated how (open) the lock. 【答案】to open 【详解】句意：享受着所有人的目光，我演示了如何打开锁。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，作demonstrated的宾语，how后需接不定式to open。 22．It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years (overcome). 【答案】to overcome 【详解】句意：这确实扰乱了我与食物的关系——这件事花了我好几年才克服。“sth. take sb. + 时间 + to do” 是固定句型，表示“花费某人多长时间做某事”，用不定式to overcome。 23．Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children (walk) safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. 【答案】to walk 【详解】句意：很多家长称，路上车流量太大，孩子们步行上学并不安全，于是他们便开车接送孩子。此处为固定结构：too + 名词/形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，意为“对某人来说太……，以至于无法做某事”，该结构中必须使用动词不定式作结果状语，因此空格处为不定式to walk。 24．In a desperate attempt (escape) the mounting pressure, I falsely confessed (承认) . 【答案】to escape 【详解】句意：为了不顾一切地逃避与日俱增的压力，我做了虚假的招供。in an attempt to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“试图做某事，为了做某事”。 25．A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time (put) her hobby to good use. 【答案】to put 【详解】句意：几个月前，这位30岁的老师决定是时候将她的爱好好好利用起来了。“it was time to do…”是固定句型，意为“是时候做……”，其中to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 26．I suggest high schools should take measures (ban) students from smoking. 【答案】to ban 【详解】句意：我建议高中应采取措施禁止学生吸烟。take measures to do something为固定短语。 27． (speed) up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. 【答案】To speed 【详解】句意：为加快流程，请确保你通过 ILL申请表提交的信息准确无误。设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式to speed，句首单词首字母大写。 28．The heavy rain is likely (cause) floods in low-lying areas. 【答案】to cause 【详解】句意：大雨很可能在低洼地区引发洪水。结合句意，be likely to do sth为固定搭配，意为“很可能做某事”，不定式作表语。 29．Brian, an experienced sailor, knew they needed to find a safe place (escape) the storm immediately to stay safe. 【答案】to escape 【详解】句意：经验丰富的水手布莱恩知道，他们必须立刻找一处安全之地躲避暴风雨以保全自身。分析句子可知，此处为固定结构：a place to do sth “做某事的地方”，此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰place，表目的：躲避暴风雨的安全之地。 30．These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to (effect) a teen’s well-being in the years to come. 【答案】affect 【详解】句意：这些影响不仅是短期的，而且已被证明会在未来几年影响青少年的身心健康。位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形affect。 二、完成句子 31．为了救那个孩子，消防员在大火中受了伤。 ________ ________ the child, the firemen got injured in the big fire. 【答案】 To save/rescue 【详解】缺失处需要表达“为了救……”在句中作目的状语，应使用动词save或rescue的动词不定式形式，注意句首字母大写。 32．To ________ ________ the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. 为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。 【答案】 speed up 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“加快进度”，所以空处需要固定短语speed up。空处为动词不定式符号to，所以空处动词用原形，构成目的状语，表示“为了加快进程”。 33．Enjoying all the eyes on me, I demonstrated ________________. 我享受着所有人的目光，演示了如何打开锁。 【答案】how to open the lock 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“如何打开锁”，应用“疑问词+不定式”结构来表达这一动作；表示“如何”用疑问词how；表示“打开”用动词原形open；表示“锁”用名词the lock；该结构在句中作动词demonstrated​的宾语。 34．我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。 I am writing ________. ________, you should let the elderly eat first. 【答案】 to inform you of some basic table manners Based on traditional Chinese customs 【详解】第一空，动词write后接to do不定式表动作的目的；表示“告知某人某事”应用动词短语inform sb. of sth，表示“你”应用you；表示“一些基本的餐桌礼仪”应用some basic table manners。第二空，表示“基于”应用be based on，本句已有谓语动词should let，因此省略be动词，用过去分词短语Based on作状语；表示“中国的传统风俗”应用traditional Chinese customs，custom是可数名词，此处指多类风俗用复数，句首单词首字母大写。 35．我问母亲是否需要养只狗来作伴。 I asked my mother if she would like a dog to ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 keep her company 【详解】固定搭配keep sb. company，意为“陪伴某人”，此处指代母亲用her，应填keep her company，接在不定式to后，用动词原形。 36．I’m beginning to _______________________. 我开始对他失去耐心。 【答案】lose patience with him 【详解】空格处表达为“对他失去耐心”，“对某人失去耐心”是固定短语lose patience with sb.，“他”用him作宾语，begin to do意为“开始做某事”，因此lose用原形。 37．他的健康状况不允许他和我们一起旅行。 His health condition doesn’t ________________. 【答案】permit him to travel with us 【详解】表示“允许某人做某事”用permit sb to do sth.，permit用原形，与doesn’t构成一般现在时的否定形式；表示“和我们一起旅行”为动词短语travel with us，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。 38．It is our duty to ________________when they are old and weak. (take good care of) 当年迈体弱时，照顾好父母是我们的责任。 【答案】take good care of our parents 【详解】结合句意表示“照顾”短语为take good care of，表示“父母”为our parents；此处为不定式作真正主语。 39．坦率地说，我并不认为这个计划会成功。 ________ ________ ________, I don’t think this plan will succeed. 【答案】 To be frank 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“坦率地说”，固定短语to be frank意为“坦率地说”，符合语境。 40．两国一致同意共同努力应对气候变化。 Both countries agreed to ________ ________ ________ to combat climate change. 【答案】 make joint efforts 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“共同努力”。在英语中，make joint efforts是一个固定短语，表示“共同努力”。空前为不定式符号to，所以make用原形。 一、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While parents and educators worry that children have been doing too little exercise, a sixth grade class from a primary school in Beijing finished their 100th 5-kilometer morning jogging program on Saturday to celebrate their upcoming (即将来临的) 1 (graduate). 2 (strengthen) their physical fitness, the program is organized every Saturday morning with the guidance of a parent coach. Their first run in September 2021 proved that 3 beginning is always the hardest. After running for hundreds of meters, some students 4 (feel) shortness of breath, 5 others had to rely on each other for support to reach the finish line. Despite the challenges, their 6 (effort) have continued since the program began. National surveys have shown a rapid increase in the number of overweight teenagers. According to data 7 (publish) at the 10th China Obesity Science Conference, one in five people aged 6 to 17 is overweight or obese (肥胖), up from one in 20 in 1995. The government has noticed the connection between the decline in physical exercise and health problems. In response, a series of measures, such as the nationwide “double reduction” policy, 8 (introduce) to reduce students’ academic pressure 9 increase their exercise time in recent years. The sixth grade jogging program provides a platform, 10 students can experience health, happiness and friendship through physical activity. 【答案】 1．graduation 2．To strengthen 3．the 4．felt 5．while 6．efforts 7．published 8．have been introduced 9．and 10．where 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了人大附中朝阳学校六年级一个班级为庆祝即将到来的毕业，完成了第100次5公里晨跑活动。 1．考查名词。句意：在家长和教育工作者担心孩子们锻炼太少的时候，人大附中朝阳学校六年级的一个班级在周六完成了他们第100次5公里晨跑项目，以庆祝即将到来的毕业。空前有形容词性物主代词their和upcoming修饰，此处应用名词形式，graduate的名词为graduation，意为“毕业”，是不可数名词，作celebrate的宾语。故填graduation。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了增强他们的身体素质，这个项目在一位家长教练的指导下，每周六上午组织进行。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示组织该项目的目的是增强学生身体素质，所以用动词不定式to strengthen，句首首字母大写。故填To strengthen。 3．考查冠词。句意：他们在2021年9月的第一次跑步证明了万事开头难。此处特指“开头”这件事，应用定冠词the。故填the。 4．考查动词时态。句意：跑了几百米后，一些学生感到呼吸急促，而另一些学生不得不互相依靠来支撑着到达终点线。根据语境，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt。故填felt。 5．考查连词。句意：跑了几百米后，一些学生感到呼吸急促，而另一些学生不得不互相依靠来获得支撑到达终点线。根据前文some students及后文others可知，前后文为对比关系，用并列连词while连接。故填while。 6．考查名词复数。句意：尽管面临挑战，但自项目开始以来，他们一直在努力。effort表示“努力”时常用复数形式，且根据空后的have可知，此处应用复数efforts。故填efforts。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在第十届中国肥胖科学大会上公布的数据，6至17岁的人群中，五分之一超重或肥胖，而1995年这一比例为二十分之一。句子已有谓语动词has shown，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，data与publish之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词published。故填published。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：作为回应，近年来一系列措施，如全国性的“双减”政策已经被推出，以减轻学生学业压力并增加他们的锻炼时间。根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时，且句子主语a series of measures与introduce之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has + been +过去分词”，主语a series of measures是复数，所以用have been introduced。故填have been introduced。 9．考查连词。句意：作为回应，近年来一系列措施，如全国性的“双减”政策已经被推出，以减轻学生学业压力并增加他们的锻炼时间。reduce students’ academic pressure和increase their exercise time之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 10．考查定语从句。句意：六年级的慢跑项目提供了一个平台，在这个平台上学生们可以通过体育活动体验健康、快乐和友谊。此处为定语从句，先行词为a platform，在从句中作抽象地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the 1950s, a family that owned a farm near Beulah, Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm (榆树). The bull paced 1 the tree, dragging the heavy iron chain, which led to a groove (槽) in the bark (树皮). The groove 2 (deep) over the years. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the tree. 3 some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around the tree and one link 4 (hang down). Then one year, agricultural catastrophe struck Michigan in 5 form of Dutch elm disease. All of the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected 6 died. Everyone thought that the old elm would be the next. The farm owners considered 7 (go) the safe thing: pulling it out and chopping it up into firewood before it died. 8 (amazing), the tree did not die. Nobody could understand 9 it was the only elm still standing in the county. It’s said that 10 doesn’t kill you will make you stronger. Or, as a plant pathologists (病理学家) put it, “Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places.” 【答案】 1．around 2．was deepened 3．After 4．hanging down 5．the 6．and 7．going 8．Amazingly 9．why 10．what 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过叙述一棵老榆树大难不死的故事告诉我们这样一个道理：经历疼痛才能变得坚强，才能抵挡住更大的困难甚至是灾难。 1．考查介词。句意：那头公牛绕着树踱来踱去，拖着那条沉重的铁链，铁链在树皮上划出了一道痕迹。pace around表示“围绕⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅踱来踱去”。故填around。 2．考查时态语态。句意：这条沟槽在岁月的流逝中变得越来越深了。主语groove与谓语构成被动关系，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was deepened。 3．考查介词。句意：几年之后，这家人把他们的公牛牵走了。after+时间段，表示经过一段时间之后。首字母大写。故填After。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们剪断了绳子，留下了一个环套在树上，还有一根链子垂了下来。hang down和其逻辑主语one link是主谓关系，所以用现在分词表示主动，构成leave+宾语+现在分词。故填hanging down。 5．考查冠词。句意：后来有一年，一场农业灾难降临在密歇根州，其形式便是荷兰榆树病害。in the form of表示“以……的形式”，用定冠词限定。故填the。 6．考查连词。句意：通往农场的道路上所有的榆树都受到了感染并相继枯死。此处前后文为承接关系，用连词and。故填and。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：农场主们考虑采取稳妥的做法：先把这棵树拔掉，然后将其砍成木柴处理掉，以免它继续生长下去造成更大的问题。consider doing sth.表示“考虑做某事”，后跟动名词作宾语。故填going。 8．考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，那棵树并没有死去。副词amazingly作状语，修饰整个句子，首字母大写。故填Amazingly。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：没有人能理解为什么它会是这个县里唯一还屹立不倒的那棵榆树。引导宾语从句，结合句意，从句缺少原因状语，故填why。 10．考查主语从句。句意：据说，那些无法将你击垮的事情反而会让你变得更强大。引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作主语，所以用what。故填what。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is 1 country filled with various cultures, rich history and breathtaking landscapes. My first impression of China was a mix of wonder and 2 (amaze) as I arrived at Beijing Capital International Airport on Aug 28, 2016. On the second day I arrived at Peking University where I did my IMBA．I met all kinds of 3 (challenge) in my first few months because of the language problem, 4 I was able to travel my way around quickly with the help of the friendly locals. These experiences in China have left a deep impression 5 me. One of the things I noticed was that Chinese people value education very much. They think their studies are 6 (extreme) important, and schools have a meaningful curriculum (课程). From primary schools to universities, much attention 7 (focus) highly on education in every family. So far the educational system in China has been designed 8 (ensure) that students are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in life. In conclusion, 9 (live) in China has been a truly unique and remarkable experience. I hope that my experiences will help people know more about this attractive country, 10 can inspire others to explore wonderful things. 【答案】 1．a 2．amazement 3．challenges 4．but 5．on/upon 6．extremely 7．is focused 8．to ensure 9．living 10．which 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在中国的经历和感受。 1．考查冠词。句意：中国是一个文化丰富、历史悠久、风景优美的国家。country是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，空格处用不定冠词，country是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a，故填a。 2．考查名词。句意：2016年8月28日，当我抵达北京首都国际机场时，我对中国的第一印象是惊喜交集。空格处用名词作宾语，amaze的名词是amazement，意为“惊讶”，是不可数名词，故填amazement。 3．考查名词的复数。句意：在最初的几个月里，由于语言问题，我遇到了各种各样的挑战，但在友好的当地人的帮助下，我能够很快地四处旅行。challenge是可数名词，由all kinds of可知，用复数，故填challenges。 4．考查连词。句意：在最初的几个月里，由于语言问题，我遇到了各种各样的挑战，但在友好的当地人的帮助下，我能够很快地四处旅行。由I was able to travel my way around quickly可知，前后句子是转折关系，因此空格处用but表转折，故填but。 5．考查介词。句意：这些在中国的经历给我留下了深刻的印象。leave a deep impression on/upon是固定短语，意为“给……留下深刻的印象”，因此空格处用介词on/upon。故填on/upon。 6．考查副词。句意：他们认为他们的学习是非常重要的，学校有一个有意义的课程。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词important，extremely意为“非常”，故填extremely。 7．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：从小学到大学，每个家庭都非常重视教育。attention和focus之间是逻辑动宾关系，且句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语attention是不可数名词，因此空格处是is focused。故填is focused。 8．考查不定式。句意：到目前为止，中国的教育体系旨在确保学生具备在生活中取得成功所需的知识和技能。be designed to do意为“旨在做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to ensure。故填to ensure。 9．考查动名词。句意：总之，在中国生活是一次真正独特而非凡的经历。空格处用动名词作主语，故填living。 10．考查定语从句。句意：我希望我的经历能帮助人们更多地了解这个有吸引力的国家，激励其他人去探索美好的事物。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词my experiences是物，因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 二、阅读理解 Professor Chen Ning Yang, a world-famous physicist, Nobel Laureate (获奖者) in Physics, passed away in Beijing on October 18 at the age of 103. Chen Ning Yang was born in Hefei, China in 1922. He showed great talent in science from a young age. In 1945, he went to America and entered Chicago University, where he completed his PhD in physics in 1948. His excellent performance there laid a basis for his future research career. The year 1957 marked the peak of Yang’s scientific achievement. He worked closely with another Chinese physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee. They challenged a widely accepted physics principle (原理) known as the Law of Parity Conservation and proposed that it might not be true in certain processes. Their theory was soon proven correct by experiments. They shared the Nobel Prize in Physics — the first Chinese Nobel laureates in the field. Professor Yang was deeply devoted to his homeland. His visit to China in 1971 led to a wave of visits by overseas scholars (学者), earning him recognition as the pioneer in building the bridge of academic exchange between China and the USA．When he returned to China, he taught at Tsinghua University, leading young students to do scientific research. He raised funds to establish the “Committee on Educational Exchange with China”, which has continuously funded nearly 100 Chinese scholars for advanced studies in the USA．They later became the backbone of China’s scientific and technological development. Without their key support, important progress in major national projects would not have been possible. Yang is not only a talented physicist, but shines in the most ordinary ways. Before going to study in America, Yang needed to practice driving. His driving instructor told him, “When you get to America, you must never admit that you can’t drive. Just tell people you’re a skilled driver from China.” He refused, “If you know 80 percent, say 80 percent. Never pretend 100.” 1．What can we learn from Yang in paragraph 2? A．It is never too old to learn. B．Time and tide wait for no man. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Education is a passport to the future. 2．What made Yang and Lee win 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics? A．Doing individual research. B．Reproducing a physics experiment. C．Challenging a physics law and proving right. D．Inventing a tool for conducting physics research. 3．What does the underlined word “backbone” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Part. B．Basis. C．Volunteers. D．Adventurers. 4．What does the author want to show by mentioning Yang’s learning driving? A．Yang’s honesty in life and science. B．Yang’s early interest in driving skills. C．Yang’s love for public transportation. D．Yang’s excellent driving ability abroad. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】文章主要介绍诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁的生平经历、科研成就，讲述他心系祖国、推动中美学术交流的贡献，同时展现其诚恳务实的个人品格。 1．推理判断题。根据原文第二段“He showed great talent in science from a young age. In 1945, he went to America and entered Chicago University, where he completed his PhD in physics in 1948. His excellent performance there laid a basis for his future research career.(他年少时就展现出出众的科学天赋。1945年他赴美进入芝加哥大学，并于1948年取得物理学博士学位。在校期间的优异表现为他日后的科研事业奠定了基础。)”可知，教育学习为未来发展铺路。 2．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“They challenged a widely accepted physics principle (原理) known as the Law of Parity Conservation and proposed that it might not be true in certain processes. Their theory was soon proven correct by experiments.(二人颠覆了公认的宇称守恒定律，提出该定律在特定物理过程中并不成立。他们的理论很快经由实验证实无误。)”及“They shared the Nobel Prize in Physics (二人共同斩获诺贝尔物理学奖)”可知，二人质疑物理定律并证实其观点，因此斩获诺贝尔奖。 3．词句猜测题。根据原文第四段“They later became the backbone of China’s scientific and technological development. Without their key support, important progress in major national projects would not have been possible.(这些学者日后成为中国科技发展的backbone。缺少他们的核心助力，国家多项重大工程便难以取得突破性进展。)” 可知，缺少这些学者的核心助力，国家多项重大工程便难以取得突破性进展，说明他们是中国科技发展的中坚力量，故backbone含义为“基础、支柱”。 4．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“His driving instructor told him, “When you get to America, you must never admit that you can’t drive. Just tell people you’re a skilled driver from China.” He refused, “If you know 80 percent, say 80 percent. Never pretend 100.”(他的驾校教练对他说：“到了美国，千万别承认自己不会开车，就说你是来自中国的老练司机。” 他拒绝道：“懂几分就说几分，绝不弄虚作假、故作精通。”)”可知，作者借此事例体现杨振宁为人与治学都秉持诚实的态度。 Many high school students want to join sports teams, sometimes just to be popular or make more friends. But beyond these simple reasons, sports offer countless valuable benefits that teens might not notice — and parents will surely appreciate. In today’s world, teens often focus too much on TVs, computers, or video games, choosing to be alone instead of hanging out with peers. Unlike the old days when kids went to the mall or drove around town, now they spend most of their time at home. Sports give teens a perfect chance to go out, socialize, and learn teamwork. Even if they don’t find a lifelong friend, the ability to communicate and work with others will be extremely useful for their future lives. Obesity (肥胖) is a growing problem among young people, not just adults. Joining a team sport helps teens get regular exercise without the pressure of “losing weight” or “getting into shape.” What’s more, if they notice their physical condition is holding them back in games, they may feel encouraged to do extra activities to stay healthy. Sports also help parents show love and support to their teens. Showing up at their games, helping them practice, and joining teams to raise money are great ways to spend quality time together and communicate better. If your teen worries about not being “good enough” for the school team, don’t worry — there are plenty of other options. The community “for-fun” leagues (联赛), or even less common sports like bowling (保龄球) are all great choices. With a little research, you’re sure to find something your teen enjoys. In short, team sports let teens get out of the house, stay active, make friends, and even open doors to college scholarships. So why not encourage your teen to give sports a try today? 1．What can teens benefit from sports from Paragraph 2? A．They can become more popular at school. B．They can improve themselves from teamwork. C．They can go shopping with friends in the town. D．They can spend more time playing games at home. 2．Which of the following shows parents’ support to their teens? A．Appearing at their games. B．Driving away their worries. C．Helping them finish homework. D．Offering them sports equipment. 3．Why is bowling mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．Teens know little about it. B．Teens have many choices. C．Bowling is a difficult sport. D．Bowling is popular among teens. 4．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how teens can make more friends. B．To list the most popular team sports for teens. C．To show parents how to help teens lose weight. D．To encourage parents to let teens join sports teams. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】主要阐述青少年参与体育运动的各类益处，同时劝说家长鼓励孩子加入运动队锻炼身体、收获成长。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sports give teens a perfect chance to go out, socialize, and learn teamwork.(体育运动为青少年提供外出交际、学习团队合作的绝佳机会。)”可知，青少年能够在团队协作中实现自我提升。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Showing up at their games, helping them practice, and joining teams to raise money are great ways to spend quality time together and communicate better.(到场观看比赛、陪同练习、参与筹款都是陪伴孩子、增进沟通的暖心方式。)”可知，到场观看赛事是家长表达支持的一种形式。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“If your teen worries about not being “good enough” for the school team, don’t worry — there are plenty of other options.(如果你的孩子担心自己实力不足以进校队，不必忧心，还有不少其他选择。)”可知，列举保龄球项目是为说明青少年拥有丰富多样的运动可选。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In short, team sports let teens get out of the house, stay active, make friends, and even open doors to college scholarships. So why not encourage your teen to give sports a try today?(总而言之，团体运动益处颇多，不妨如今就鼓励孩子尝试参与体育运动。)”可知，文章旨在劝说家长鼓励青少年加入运动队。 Last term, I joined the school’s traditional music club, where I met my best friend Lily and fell in love with the guzheng. Knowing nothing about it at first, I even couldn’t tell the strings apart. Lily, a two-year guzheng learner, volunteered to teach me patiently. She often brought her guzheng to school, showed me its structure, explaining the function of each string and how they work together to produce beautiful sounds. Every afternoon after school, we would practice in the music room for an hour. Lily taught me how to hold the plectrum (琴拨) correctly and how to play basic notes. I made many mistakes at first, and sometimes I felt so frustrated that I wanted to give up. But Lily always encouraged me, saying, “Practice makes perfect, and your progress is obvious every day.” She even made a practice schedule for me, arranging 15 minutes for basic training and 45 minutes for simple pieces, and she would sit beside me to correct my mistakes in time. One month later, the club held a small performance. I was nervous to play in front of others, but Lily sat beside me and gave me a reassuring smile. When I played the first note, all my tension disappeared. I played a simple folk song, and the soft music moved everyone present. After the performance, our club teacher praised me highly, saying I had made great progress in such a short time and that my playing was full of emotion. Now, I can play several classic guzheng pieces skillfully. This experience not only let me know about traditional Chinese music but also taught me the importance of persistence (坚持不懈) and friendship. I’m grateful to Lily for her help and to the club for giving me such a precious chance to grow, which also made me more confident in facing challenges in life. 1．What did Lily first do to help the author learn the guzheng? A．She made a practice schedule for her. B．She lent her own guzheng to the author. C．She asked the club teacher for extra help. D．She explained how the strings work together. 2．Why did the author want to give up learning the guzheng? A．Her teacher was too strict with her. B．She found it too difficult to learn well. C．She had little time to practice after school. D．She couldn’t get on well with club members. 3．How did the club teacher find the author’s performance? A．Satisfying. B．Interesting. C．Disappointing. D．Worrying. 4．What does the author’s experience show? A．Talent alone leads to success in music. B．Friendship matters more than anything else. C．Playing an instrument requires patience only. D．Hard work and friendship bring personal growth. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】文章主要介绍了作者加入学校传统音乐俱乐部后，在好友莉莉的帮助下学习古筝，克服困难坚持练习并登台表演，最终收获技艺、成长与珍贵友谊的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“She often brought her guzheng to school, showed me its structure, explaining the function of each string and how they work together to produce beautiful sounds. (她经常把古筝带到学校，向我展示它的构造，讲解每根琴弦的作用以及它们如何协同发出优美的声音。)”可知，莉莉一开始向作者讲解琴弦如何配合发声来帮助作者学习古筝。 2．细节理解题。根据原文第二段“I made many mistakes at first, and sometimes I felt so frustrated that I wanted to give up. (起初我犯了很多错误，有时我十分沮丧，想要放弃。)”可知，作者因为觉得古筝太难学好而想要放弃学习。 3．推理判断题。根据原文第三段“After the performance, our club teacher praised me highly, saying I had made great progress in such a short time and that my playing was full of emotion. (表演结束后，俱乐部老师高度赞扬了我，说我在这么短的时间内进步很大，而且我的演奏饱含情感。)”可知，俱乐部老师认为作者的表演令人满意。 4．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“This experience not only let me know about traditional Chinese music but also taught me the importance of persistence and friendship. (这段经历不仅让我了解了中国传统音乐，也让我明白了坚持和友谊的重要性。)”可知，努力付出和友谊能够促进个人成长。 三、完形填空 I was talking to my grandson, Youri, about what we wanted most in life. “I’d like to see penguins,” he said. I replied, “That’s funny I had the 1 dream when I was your age. Why penguins?” Neither he nor I 2 . Perhaps because this animal was 3 to us. The nearest penguins live in South America; we live in France. As time went by, Youri and I continued to talk about penguins, as if to 4 ourselves that we should make our dreams come true. One day, I 5 a vacation postcard from him. On the back he had written that the place was nice but it 6 penguins. Then I came up with an 7 : “Why don’t I take him on an adventure to see penguins in South America?” At 81, I 8 with my 14-year-old grandson. Youri looked after me every step of the way. For me, my grandson’s 9 made this trip the greatest gift of all. 10 , we saw the penguins on the banks of the Beagle Channel. In the middle of a group of penguins, an adult penguin appeared from the water and 11 its young, spitting (吐) out a mouthful of fish it had just 12 . The young eagerly pounced (猛扑) to 13 the fish, and the adult lay on its side, eyes half closed, looking 14 with its work. These days, I feel like that 15 when I look at Youri, who is now 20 and knows he can dream big. 1．A．new B．same C．real D．bad 2．A．agreed B．hesitated C．knew D．doubted 3．A．important B．helpful C．generous D．unfamiliar 4．A．remind B．inform C．recommend D．warn 5．A．received B．borrowed C．bought D．won 6．A．removed B．lacked C．protected D．studied 7．A．excuse B．answer C．apology D．idea 8．A．calmed down B．stepped forward C．set off D．pulled over 9．A．courage B．company C．advice D．kindness 10．A．Finally B．Obviously C．Formally D．Actually 11．A．trained B．approached C．followed D．designed 12．A．saved B．chosen C．caught D．stolen 13．A．clean B．hide C．observe D．eat 14．A．bored B．worried C．satisfied D．disappointed 15．A．child B．young C．fish D．penguin 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和孙子尤里都梦想看企鹅，虽不知缘由却彼此提醒圆梦。81岁的作者和孙子一同出发，终于见到企鹅喂食的场景。如今看着长大的孙子，作者如同那只满足的企鹅。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回答道：“真有意思，我小时候也有过同样的梦呢。”A. new新的；B. same相同的；C. real真实的；D. bad坏的。根据上文funny以及后文“dream when I was your age”可知，有趣的是两人的梦想相同。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和我都说不清楚。A. agreed同意；B. hesitated犹豫；C. knew知道；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“Why penguins?”以及“Neither he nor I”可知，两人都不知道问题的答案。故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或许是因为这种动物对我们来说并不熟悉。A. important重要的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. generous慷慨的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据后文“The nearest penguins live in South America; we live in France.”可知，因为距离远不熟悉，故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，尤里和我继续谈论企鹅，仿佛是在提醒自己要让梦想成真。A. remind提醒；B. inform通知；C. recommend推荐；D. warn警告。根据后文“ourselves that we should make our dreams come true”可知，这种谈论仿佛是在提醒自己要让梦想成真。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我收到了他寄来的假期贺卡。A. received收到；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. won赢得。根据后文“a vacation postcard from him”可知，作者收到了孙子的贺卡。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在信的背面，他写道这个地方很不错，只是缺少企鹅。A. removed移开；B. lacked缺乏；C. protected保护；D. studied学习。根据后文“Why don’t I take him on an adventure to see penguins in South America?”可知，作者提议带孙子去看企鹅，说明贺卡上提到的地方缺少这种动物。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我有了一个想法：“为何不带他去南美洲探险，去看一下企鹅呢？”A. excuse借口；B. answer回答；C. apology道歉；D. idea想法。根据后文“Why don’t I take him on an adventure to see penguins in South America?”可知，作者有了去看企鹅的想法。故选D。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：81岁高龄的我，带着14岁的孙子出发了。A. calmed down冷静；B. stepped forward上前；C. set off出发；D. pulled over靠边停车。根据后文“Youri looked after me every step of the way.”可知，两人出发了，故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我孙子的陪伴这次的旅行是我收到的最棒的礼物。A. courage勇气；B. company陪伴；C. advice建议；D. kindness善意。根据上文“Youri looked after me every step of the way.”可知，孙子陪伴作者，成为最棒的礼物。故选B。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们在比格尔海峡的岸边看到了那些企鹅。A. Finally最终；B. Obviously显然；C. Formally正式地；D. Actually实际上。根据后文“we saw the penguins on the banks of the Beagle Channel”可知，他们最终看到了企鹅。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一群企鹅中间，一只成年企鹅从水中现身，然后向它的幼崽走去，嘴里吐出了一大口刚刚捕获的鱼。A. trained训练；B. approached靠近；C. followed跟随；D. designed设计。根据后文“its young, spitting out a mouthful of fish it had just”可知，成年企鹅靠近幼崽喂食，故选B。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一群企鹅中间，一只成年企鹅从水中现身，然后向它的幼崽走去，嘴里吐出了一大口刚刚捕获的鱼。A. saved拯救；B. chosen选择；C. caught抓住；D. stolen偷。根据上文“spitting out a mouthful of fish it had just”可知，成年企鹅嘴里吐出了一大口刚刚捕获的鱼。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那只幼崽兴奋地扑上去想要吃掉这条鱼，而那只成年企鹅则侧身躺着，眼睛半闭着，看上去对自己的捕食成果很满意。A. clean打扫；B. hide隐藏；C. observe观察；D. eat吃。根据上文“The young eagerly pounced to”可知，那只幼崽兴奋地扑上去想要吃掉这条鱼，故选D。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那只幼崽兴奋地扑上去想要吃掉这条鱼，而那只成年企鹅则侧身躺着，眼睛半闭着，看上去对自己的捕食成果很满意。A. bored无聊的；B. worried担心的；C. satisfied满意的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“the adult lay on its side, eyes half closed”可知，成年企鹅侧身躺着，眼睛半闭着，看上去对自己的捕食成果很满意。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些天，当我看着约里时，我感觉自己就像那只企鹅一样，约里今年已经20岁了，而且他知道自己可以有远大的梦想。A. child孩子；B. young年轻的；C. fish鱼；D. penguin企鹅。根据文章主要围绕去看企鹅，结合上文描述的成年企鹅喂食的场景，可知作者感觉自己就像那只企鹅一样，哺育着孙子。故选D。 Fourteen years ago, French businessman Phil Lecomte took a trip in China near Huangshan Mountain. That 1 his life. After walking a long way, he 2 a lovely village. This special 3 in the village made him fall in love with China right away. Phil has been going to China since 1999. He 4 China’s mountains, rivers, and old villages. He never 5 these sights. In 2009, he went to Huangshan in Anhui province, and that set him a totally new 6 . He is deeply attracted by this amazing 7 of nature and culture. He lived at the bottom of Huangshan for three months and learned about 8 Chinese life. His short visit turned into a big 9 . He climbed, walked, and camped in the mountains. Later, in 2012, he became a guide and 10 people, mostly from other countries, around Huangshan’s attractive places. Phil took many 11 photos while camping and hiking. He put his photos on a Chinese website. One of his favorite photos is a 12 girl with an umbrella in an old street. A person from China wrote a 13 excitedly, “That girl looks like me when I was young!” This made Phil feel amazed at how the past and present can 14 . Phil says, “When I was young, I liked sleeping in the forest looking at the stars. Now, when I camp on Huangshan, I can 15 the stars again just like in the old days.” 1．A．opened B．changed C．wasted D．ruled 2．A．found B．established C．preserved D．searched 3．A．entrance B．process C．experience D．tradition 4．A．tracks B．admires C．recognises D．describes 5．A．reminds B．destroys C．imagines D．forgets 6．A．type B．point C．path D．site 7．A．combination B．impression C．arrangement D．application 8．A．creative B．digital C．unusual D．traditional 9．A．benefit B．adventure C．contribution D．attempt 10．A．showed B．carried C．followed D．pulled 11．A．professional B．classic C．suitable D．amazing 12．A．little B．strong C．positive D．clever 13．A．book B．journal C．diary D．comment 14．A．affect B．survive C．connect D．improve 15．A．dream B．see C．record D．draw 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了法国人Phil Lecomte与中国的深厚情缘。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那改变了他的生活。A. opened打开；B. changed改变；C. wasted浪费；D. ruled统治。根据下文“This special ______ in the village made him fall in love with China right away.”以及后文描述Phil对中国越来越深的喜爱可知，这次在村里的特殊经历让他立刻爱上了中国。这次旅行改变了他的生活。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：走了很长一段路后，他发现了一个可爱的村庄。A. found发现；B. established建立；C. preserved保护；D. searched搜索。根据下文“a lovely village”可知，旅行过程中他发现了一个村庄。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次在村里的特殊经历让他立刻爱上了中国。A. entrance入口；B. process过程；C. experience经历；D. tradition传统。根据上文“French businessman Phil Lecomte took a trip in China near Huangshan Mountain”和下文“in the village made him fall in love with China right away”可知，Phil在黄山附近旅行，此次旅行是一次经历，在村里的这次经历让他爱上了中国。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他欣赏中国的山川和古老的村庄。A. tracks追踪；B. admires欣赏；C. recognises认出；D. describes描述。根据下文“China’s mountains, rivers, and old villages”可知，他喜爱、欣赏中国的山川和古老的村庄。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从未忘记这些景色。A. reminds提醒；B. destroys破坏；C. imagines想象；D. forgets忘记。根据下文“these sights”、“In 2009, he went to Huangshan”、“He lived at the bottom of Huangshan for three months”、“Later, in 2012, he became a guid”可知，后文描述他又来黄山、最后成为此地的导游，说明景色给他留下深刻印象，他从未忘记这些景色。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2009年，他去了安徽黄山，这为他开辟了一条全新的道路。A. type类型；B. point点；C. path道路；D. site地点。根据下文“He lived at the bottom of Huangshan for three months and learned about ______ Chinese life. His short visit turned into a big ______. He climbed, walked, and camped in the mountains. Later, in 2012, he became a guide”可知，描述他后来在黄山生活、担任旅游向导，这次旅行为他开辟了一条全新的道路。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被这种自然与文化的奇妙结合深深吸引。A. combination结合；B. impression印象；C. arrangement安排；D. application应用。根据下文“nature and culture”可知，自然和文化结合，他被这个深深吸引。故选A。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在黄山脚下住了三个月，了解了传统的中国生活。A. creative有创造力的；B. digital数字的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. traditional传统的。根据上文“He lived at the bottom of Huangshan for three months”和下文“Chinese life”可知，他在黄山脚下住这么长时间的原因是为了解传统的中国生活。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的短暂访问变成了一次大冒险。A. benefit利益；B. adventure冒险；C. contribution贡献；D. attempt尝试。根据下文“He climbed, walked, and camped in the mountains”可知，爬山、露营是冒险体验，他的短暂访问变成了一次大冒险。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在2012年，他成为了一名导游，带领人们，主要是来自其他国家的人，参观黄山的名胜古迹。A. showed展示；B. carried携带；C. followed跟随；D. pulled拉。根据上文“as a guide”可知，他带领人们参观黄山的名胜古迹。show sb. around为固定短语，意为“带领某人参观”。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Phil在露营和徒步旅行时拍了许多令人惊叹的照片。A. professional专业的；B. classic经典的；C. suitable合适的；D. amazing令人惊叹的。根据下文“One of his favorite photos”可知，下文描述他的照片受到欢迎，此处指他拍了许多令人惊叹的照片。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他最喜欢的一张照片是一个小女孩撑着伞走在一条古老的街道上。A. little小的；B. strong强壮的；C. positive积极的；D. clever聪明的。根据下文“That girl looks like me when I was young”可知，一个人说照片里的女孩像自己小时候，所以照片里是一个小女孩。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个中国人兴奋地写道：“那个女孩看起来像我年轻时的样子！”A. book书；B. journal日记；C. diary日记；D. comment评论。根据上文“He put his photos on a Chinese website.”和“A person from China wrote”可知，他把照片放在一个中国网站上，有个人在网站上写评论。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让Phil感到惊讶的是过去和现在是如何联系在一起的。A. affect影响；B. survive生存；C. connect联系；D. improve提高。根据上文““That girl looks like me when I was young!” This made Phil feel amazed at how the past and present can”可知，上文描述照片里的女孩和评论的中国人年轻时很像，这让Phil感到惊讶的是过去和现在是如何联系在一起的。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我在黄山露营时，我又能像过去一样看到星星了。A. dream梦想；B. see看见；C. record记录；D. draw画。根据上文“when I camp on Huangshan”及下文“the stars again just like in the old days”可知，露营时看到星星。故选B。 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One sunny afternoon, Leo went to a park with his mom for a walk. While they were sitting on the grass, he heard a soft sound coming from a nearby tree. Curious, he went closer and found a small brown bird with an injured wing under the tree. It couldn’t fly. Leo’s heart was filled with pity for this little bird. His mom noticed his concern and said, “Let’s help it together.” Carefully, Leo picked up the bird and brought it home. With his mom’s help, Leo used an old shoe box as the bird’s nest and put in some cotton. Every day, he gave the bird water and small pieces of bread. He named it Pip. At first, Pip was afraid and didn’t eat much. But Leo never gave up. Slowly, Pip began to trust him. Its wing started to heal (痊愈), and it grew stronger day by day. Leo felt happy watching Pip recover. Sometimes, the whole family would watch Pip hopping (跳) around the room, and Leo’s mom would smile and say, “Darling, you’ve done a good job.” One day, as Pip was confidently flying from one chair to another and then stayed beside the window, Leo’s mom said gently, “Leo, Pip’s wing has fully recovered. It’s strong enough to return to the forest.” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Standing close to Pip, Leo held the box tightly and said, “No!” __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Under the same tree where Pip had been found, Leo gently opened his hands. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Standing close to Pip, Leo held the box tightly and said, “No!” “I can’t let it go. It’s safe here with me. What if it gets hurt again?” he continued. His mom put a hand on his shoulder and said, “I understand your fear, son. But think about it — is keeping Pip in a box an act of love? Or is the love about letting it go?” Leo looked at Pip, who was pecking at the window sometimes, and for the first time, he saw not a pet in a cage, but a creature gazing longingly at its true home—the vast sky. Leo took a deep breath and nodded. He put Pip in the box, and then took it to the park together with his mom. Under the same tree where Pip had been found, Leo gently opened his hands. Pip hesitated for a moment, and then flew up to a low branch. It turned back, chirped softly as if saying thank you, and then flew higher and farther until it disappeared into the blue sky. Though a little sad, Leo felt peaceful in his heart. He realized that every life, no matter how small, deserves freedom and respect. True kindness means caring without holding on. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了他在一个阳光明媚的午后和妈妈去公园散步时，发现一只翅膀受伤的小鸟。Leo心生怜悯，在妈妈的建议和帮助下，他把小鸟带回家，用旧鞋盒和棉花为它搭了一个窝，并给它取名Pip。他每天悉心照料，给Pip喂水、喂面包屑。起初Pip很害怕，但Leo没有放弃。渐渐地，Pip的翅膀痊愈，变得强壮起来，也开始信任Leo。全家人都很高兴。直到有一天，妈妈看到Pip已经能在屋里自信地飞翔，便温柔地提醒Leo，是时候让完全康复的Pip回归森林了。 1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Leo站在Pip身边，紧紧地抓着盒子说：“不！””可知，第一段可描写Leo不同意Pip离开，妈妈如何说服他。 ②由第二段首句内容“在发现Pip的那棵树下，Leo轻轻地张开双手。”可知，第二段可描写Leo放生Pip的过程，以及感悟。 2. 续写线索：拒绝放生——劝说——同意——Pip离开——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①把手放在……上：put a hand on/rest a hand on ②深呼吸：take a deep breath/breathe deeply ③消失：disappear/vanish 情绪类 ①恐惧：fear/anxiety ②悲伤：sad/sorrowful 【点睛】【高分句型1】Leo looked at Pip, who was pecking at the window sometimes, and for the first time, he saw not a pet in a cage, but a creature gazing longingly at its true home—the vast sky.(运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】He realized that every life, no matter how small, deserves freedom and respect.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业06 非谓语动词之动词不定式 一、基础认知 1. 定义 动词不定式是非谓语动词，本身不能单独作谓语，用来表示目的、将来、计划、具体动作，基本形式：to + 动词原形；否定式：not to do。 2. 完整时态语态变化 形式 主动 被动 含义 一般式 to do to be done 动作与主句谓语同时 / 之后发生 进行式 to be doing — 主句动作发生时，不定式正在进行 完成式 to have done to have been done 不定式动作发生在主句谓语之前 完成进行式 to have been doing — 谓语前持续一段时间的动作 3. 省略 to 的不定式 1　 使役动词：make, let, have（表 “使、让”） 2　 感官动词：see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at ✅ 口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助 ⚠️ 变被动语态时，必须还原 to 例：He made me cry. → I was made to cry. 二、不定式六大句法功能 (1)作主语 词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种： (1)把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。 To make up for lost time is not possible.要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。 (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： ①It+be+名词+to do It's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾老人是我们的责任。 It is an offence to drop litter in the street.在马路上乱丢废物是违章的。 ②It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作? ③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这篇作文。 It's difficult for us to finish the work in a week.对我们来说，一周之内完成这项工作很困难。 注意: It is+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth. 结构在 kind，good，nice，clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用 for 而用 of。 It's kind of you to say so. 相当于 You are kind to say so. 你这么说真是太好了。 (2)作宾语 不定式一般作动词的宾语，不直接作介词的宾语，但是“疑问词十不定式”结构可作介词的宾语。 Your father has at last decided to quit smoking.你父亲终于决定戒烟了。 I found it interesting to learn a foreign language.我发现学习一门外语很有趣。 Talk with friends about where to shop.与朋友讨论去哪里购物。 特别点击： 只接不定式不接动名词作宾语的动词常见的有afford(负担得起），agree(同意),arrange(安排)，ask(要求)，care(关心)，choose(选择），decide(决定），demand(要求)，determine（决心），expect(期待)，help(帮助)，hesitate(犹豫)，hope(希望)，long(渴望)，manage(设法），offer(主动提出)，plan(计划)，prepare(准备)，pretend(假装)，promise(承诺)，refuse(拒绝)，want(想要)，wish(想做)等。在复合实语中，这时可以把不定式放在宾补后面，而用形式宾语it代替它 I find it easy to learn English well. 我发现要把英语学好很容易。 (3)作表语 不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. 当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组时，或以what引导的名词性分句，不定 式说明主语的内容。 Our work is serving the people. What he likes is taking a walk after supper. The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting. 句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving the people is our work,而句中是现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 (4)作宾语补足语 常跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise（建议） allow（允许）ask（要求） beg（恳求） cause（引起） encourage（鼓励） expect（期待） forbid（禁止） force（强迫） intend（打算） invite（邀请） order（命令） persuade（说服） prefer（偏爱） require,（要求）teach（教）warn（警告）等。 另外，常跟不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： have, make, let, feel，see, observe. look at，listen to, notice, watch，hear, discover 等 但是，这些动词在被动形式下，需要带 to This piece of music was made to cheer you up. 这段音乐被用来让你兴奋起来。 The teacher encouraged us to write an article every week.老师鼓励我们每周写一篇文章。 You are not allowed to smoke here.你不允许在这里吸烟。 The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.医生告诫他不要吃太多的肉。 (5)作定语 ①不定式和它所修饰的词之间是动宾关系 I want to get something to read during the winter holiday． 我想找点东西在寒假读读。 ②被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语 The next person to speak was a foreigner. 下一个要发言的人是个外国人。 如果不定式是不及物动词，作定语时其后应有必要的介词 a pen to write with 用来写字的钢笔 修饰的名词是 time，place，way 时，其后习惯上常省略介词 We are looking for a place to lie (in). 我们在找能躺下的地方。 (6)作状语 不定式作状语主要表示原因、目的、结果等。 目的状语 to do /in order to do（so as to 不用于句首） In order to get a better view of the valley, many tourists climb to the top of the mountain before sunrise. 翻译：为了更好地观赏山谷全貌，许多游客日出前就登上山顶。 出乎意料的负面结果 only to do（完形高频） He rushed to the railway station in a hurry, only to be told that the high-speed train had already departed. 翻译：他急匆匆赶往火车站，结果却被告知高铁早已发车。 原因状语（修饰情绪类形容词） We are extremely delighted to hear that our school football team won the provincial competition. 翻译：得知校足球队拿下省级比赛冠军，我们无比欣喜。 一、单句语法填空 1．My plan is (invite) my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills. 2．The food safety report is said (submit) to the management last week. 3．Parents should actively urge their children (take) advantage of the opportunity to participate in extracurricular activities. 4．She was scared (dive) into the deep water because there were many dangerous creatures. 5．Anyone who tries to cheat in the exam is bound (punish) sooner or later. 6．Many countries have plans (further) study planets like Mars and Jupiter. 7．A campus talent show is said to (hold) in the school hall next Friday. 8．I was very excited to find that there was a lot (explore) at senior high. 9．No one knows how April Fool’s Day began but it was thought (begin) in France. 10．She felt an overwhelming desire (return) home, eager to escape from the tiredness and loneliness. 11．I feel bad, so I don’t think I can manage (take) a long walk. 12． (earn) a living, some people opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. 13．The most urgent thing now is (fix) the broken plumbing before the heavy rain comes. 14．The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream (admit) to my favorite university will come true. 15．In this work, Monet’s aim in mind was (convey) the light in the scene. 16．Governors of Sichuan Province are preparing an application (include) Sanxingdui Ruins on the World Cultural Heritage List. 17．He dares (challenge) all kinds of difficulties. 18．Kevin learned an important lesson that day: always verify the facts before taking action, but never hesitate (help) those in need. 19．And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised (find) that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 20．Her ability to speak five languages fluently never fails (astonish) everyone she meets. 21．Enjoying all the eyes on me, I demonstrated how (open) the lock. 22．It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years (overcome). 23．Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children (walk) safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. 24．In a desperate attempt (escape) the mounting pressure, I falsely confessed (承认) . 25．A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time (put) her hobby to good use. 26．I suggest high schools should take measures (ban) students from smoking. 27． (speed) up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. 28．The heavy rain is likely (cause) floods in low-lying areas. 29．Brian, an experienced sailor, knew they needed to find a safe place (escape) the storm immediately to stay safe. 30．These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to (effect) a teen’s well-being in the years to come. 二、完成句子 31．为了救那个孩子，消防员在大火中受了伤。 ________ ________ the child, the firemen got injured in the big fire. 32．To ________ ________ the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. 为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。 33．Enjoying all the eyes on me, I demonstrated ________________. 我享受着所有人的目光，演示了如何打开锁。 34．我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。 I am writing ________. ________, you should let the elderly eat first. 35．我问母亲是否需要养只狗来作伴。 I asked my mother if she would like a dog to ________ ________ ________. 36．I’m beginning to _______________________. 我开始对他失去耐心。 37．他的健康状况不允许他和我们一起旅行。 His health condition doesn’t ________________. 38．It is our duty to ________________when they are old and weak. (take good care of) 当年迈体弱时，照顾好父母是我们的责任。 39．坦率地说，我并不认为这个计划会成功。 ________ ________ ________, I don’t think this plan will succeed. 40．两国一致同意共同努力应对气候变化。 Both countries agreed to ________ ________ ________ to combat climate change. 一、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While parents and educators worry that children have been doing too little exercise, a sixth grade class from a primary school in Beijing finished their 100th 5-kilometer morning jogging program on Saturday to celebrate their upcoming (即将来临的) 1 (graduate). 2 (strengthen) their physical fitness, the program is organized every Saturday morning with the guidance of a parent coach. Their first run in September 2021 proved that 3 beginning is always the hardest. After running for hundreds of meters, some students 4 (feel) shortness of breath, 5 others had to rely on each other for support to reach the finish line. Despite the challenges, their 6 (effort) have continued since the program began. National surveys have shown a rapid increase in the number of overweight teenagers. According to data 7 (publish) at the 10th China Obesity Science Conference, one in five people aged 6 to 17 is overweight or obese (肥胖), up from one in 20 in 1995. The government has noticed the connection between the decline in physical exercise and health problems. In response, a series of measures, such as the nationwide “double reduction” policy, 8 (introduce) to reduce students’ academic pressure 9 increase their exercise time in recent years. The sixth grade jogging program provides a platform, 10 students can experience health, happiness and friendship through physical activity. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the 1950s, a family that owned a farm near Beulah, Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm (榆树). The bull paced 1 the tree, dragging the heavy iron chain, which led to a groove (槽) in the bark (树皮). The groove 2 (deep) over the years. Though for whatever reason, it did not kill the tree. 3 some years, the family took their bull away. They cut the chain, leaving the loop around the tree and one link 4 (hang down). Then one year, agricultural catastrophe struck Michigan in 5 form of Dutch elm disease. All of the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected 6 died. Everyone thought that the old elm would be the next. The farm owners considered 7 (go) the safe thing: pulling it out and chopping it up into firewood before it died. 8 (amazing), the tree did not die. Nobody could understand 9 it was the only elm still standing in the county. It’s said that 10 doesn’t kill you will make you stronger. Or, as a plant pathologists (病理学家) put it, “Life breaks us all, but afterwards, many of us are strongest at the broken places.” 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is 1 country filled with various cultures, rich history and breathtaking landscapes. My first impression of China was a mix of wonder and 2 (amaze) as I arrived at Beijing Capital International Airport on Aug 28, 2016. On the second day I arrived at Peking University where I did my IMBA．I met all kinds of 3 (challenge) in my first few months because of the language problem, 4 I was able to travel my way around quickly with the help of the friendly locals. These experiences in China have left a deep impression 5 me. One of the things I noticed was that Chinese people value education very much. They think their studies are 6 (extreme) important, and schools have a meaningful curriculum (课程). From primary schools to universities, much attention 7 (focus) highly on education in every family. So far the educational system in China has been designed 8 (ensure) that students are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in life. In conclusion, 9 (live) in China has been a truly unique and remarkable experience. I hope that my experiences will help people know more about this attractive country, 10 can inspire others to explore wonderful things. 二、阅读理解 Professor Chen Ning Yang, a world-famous physicist, Nobel Laureate (获奖者) in Physics, passed away in Beijing on October 18 at the age of 103. Chen Ning Yang was born in Hefei, China in 1922. He showed great talent in science from a young age. In 1945, he went to America and entered Chicago University, where he completed his PhD in physics in 1948. His excellent performance there laid a basis for his future research career. The year 1957 marked the peak of Yang’s scientific achievement. He worked closely with another Chinese physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee. They challenged a widely accepted physics principle (原理) known as the Law of Parity Conservation and proposed that it might not be true in certain processes. Their theory was soon proven correct by experiments. They shared the Nobel Prize in Physics — the first Chinese Nobel laureates in the field. Professor Yang was deeply devoted to his homeland. His visit to China in 1971 led to a wave of visits by overseas scholars (学者), earning him recognition as the pioneer in building the bridge of academic exchange between China and the USA．When he returned to China, he taught at Tsinghua University, leading young students to do scientific research. He raised funds to establish the “Committee on Educational Exchange with China”, which has continuously funded nearly 100 Chinese scholars for advanced studies in the USA．They later became the backbone of China’s scientific and technological development. Without their key support, important progress in major national projects would not have been possible. Yang is not only a talented physicist, but shines in the most ordinary ways. Before going to study in America, Yang needed to practice driving. His driving instructor told him, “When you get to America, you must never admit that you can’t drive. Just tell people you’re a skilled driver from China.” He refused, “If you know 80 percent, say 80 percent. Never pretend 100.” 1．What can we learn from Yang in paragraph 2? A．It is never too old to learn. B．Time and tide wait for no man. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Education is a passport to the future. 2．What made Yang and Lee win 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics? A．Doing individual research. B．Reproducing a physics experiment. C．Challenging a physics law and proving right. D．Inventing a tool for conducting physics research. 3．What does the underlined word “backbone” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Part. B．Basis. C．Volunteers. D．Adventurers. 4．What does the author want to show by mentioning Yang’s learning driving? A．Yang’s honesty in life and science. B．Yang’s early interest in driving skills. C．Yang’s love for public transportation. D．Yang’s excellent driving ability abroad. Many high school students want to join sports teams, sometimes just to be popular or make more friends. But beyond these simple reasons, sports offer countless valuable benefits that teens might not notice — and parents will surely appreciate. In today’s world, teens often focus too much on TVs, computers, or video games, choosing to be alone instead of hanging out with peers. Unlike the old days when kids went to the mall or drove around town, now they spend most of their time at home. Sports give teens a perfect chance to go out, socialize, and learn teamwork. Even if they don’t find a lifelong friend, the ability to communicate and work with others will be extremely useful for their future lives. Obesity (肥胖) is a growing problem among young people, not just adults. Joining a team sport helps teens get regular exercise without the pressure of “losing weight” or “getting into shape.” What’s more, if they notice their physical condition is holding them back in games, they may feel encouraged to do extra activities to stay healthy. Sports also help parents show love and support to their teens. Showing up at their games, helping them practice, and joining teams to raise money are great ways to spend quality time together and communicate better. If your teen worries about not being “good enough” for the school team, don’t worry — there are plenty of other options. The community “for-fun” leagues (联赛), or even less common sports like bowling (保龄球) are all great choices. With a little research, you’re sure to find something your teen enjoys. In short, team sports let teens get out of the house, stay active, make friends, and even open doors to college scholarships. So why not encourage your teen to give sports a try today? 1．What can teens benefit from sports from Paragraph 2? A．They can become more popular at school. B．They can improve themselves from teamwork. C．They can go shopping with friends in the town. D．They can spend more time playing games at home. 2．Which of the following shows parents’ support to their teens? A．Appearing at their games. B．Driving away their worries. C．Helping them finish homework. D．Offering them sports equipment. 3．Why is bowling mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．Teens know little about it. B．Teens have many choices. C．Bowling is a difficult sport. D．Bowling is popular among teens. 4．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how teens can make more friends. B．To list the most popular team sports for teens. C．To show parents how to help teens lose weight. D．To encourage parents to let teens join sports teams. Last term, I joined the school’s traditional music club, where I met my best friend Lily and fell in love with the guzheng. Knowing nothing about it at first, I even couldn’t tell the strings apart. Lily, a two-year guzheng learner, volunteered to teach me patiently. She often brought her guzheng to school, showed me its structure, explaining the function of each string and how they work together to produce beautiful sounds. Every afternoon after school, we would practice in the music room for an hour. Lily taught me how to hold the plectrum (琴拨) correctly and how to play basic notes. I made many mistakes at first, and sometimes I felt so frustrated that I wanted to give up. But Lily always encouraged me, saying, “Practice makes perfect, and your progress is obvious every day.” She even made a practice schedule for me, arranging 15 minutes for basic training and 45 minutes for simple pieces, and she would sit beside me to correct my mistakes in time. One month later, the club held a small performance. I was nervous to play in front of others, but Lily sat beside me and gave me a reassuring smile. When I played the first note, all my tension disappeared. I played a simple folk song, and the soft music moved everyone present. After the performance, our club teacher praised me highly, saying I had made great progress in such a short time and that my playing was full of emotion. Now, I can play several classic guzheng pieces skillfully. This experience not only let me know about traditional Chinese music but also taught me the importance of persistence (坚持不懈) and friendship. I’m grateful to Lily for her help and to the club for giving me such a precious chance to grow, which also made me more confident in facing challenges in life. 1．What did Lily first do to help the author learn the guzheng? A．She made a practice schedule for her. B．She lent her own guzheng to the author. C．She asked the club teacher for extra help. D．She explained how the strings work together. 2．Why did the author want to give up learning the guzheng? A．Her teacher was too strict with her. B．She found it too difficult to learn well. C．She had little time to practice after school. D．She couldn’t get on well with club members. 3．How did the club teacher find the author’s performance? A．Satisfying. B．Interesting. C．Disappointing. D．Worrying. 4．What does the author’s experience show? A．Talent alone leads to success in music. B．Friendship matters more than anything else. C．Playing an instrument requires patience only. D．Hard work and friendship bring personal growth. 三、完形填空 I was talking to my grandson, Youri, about what we wanted most in life. “I’d like to see penguins,” he said. I replied, “That’s funny I had the 1 dream when I was your age. Why penguins?” Neither he nor I 2 . Perhaps because this animal was 3 to us. The nearest penguins live in South America; we live in France. As time went by, Youri and I continued to talk about penguins, as if to 4 ourselves that we should make our dreams come true. One day, I 5 a vacation postcard from him. On the back he had written that the place was nice but it 6 penguins. Then I came up with an 7 : “Why don’t I take him on an adventure to see penguins in South America?” At 81, I 8 with my 14-year-old grandson. Youri looked after me every step of the way. For me, my grandson’s 9 made this trip the greatest gift of all. 10 , we saw the penguins on the banks of the Beagle Channel. In the middle of a group of penguins, an adult penguin appeared from the water and 11 its young, spitting (吐) out a mouthful of fish it had just 12 . The young eagerly pounced (猛扑) to 13 the fish, and the adult lay on its side, eyes half closed, looking 14 with its work. These days, I feel like that 15 when I look at Youri, who is now 20 and knows he can dream big. 1．A．new B．same C．real D．bad 2．A．agreed B．hesitated C．knew D．doubted 3．A．important B．helpful C．generous D．unfamiliar 4．A．remind B．inform C．recommend D．warn 5．A．received B．borrowed C．bought D．won 6．A．removed B．lacked C．protected D．studied 7．A．excuse B．answer C．apology D．idea 8．A．calmed down B．stepped forward C．set off D．pulled over 9．A．courage B．company C．advice D．kindness 10．A．Finally B．Obviously C．Formally D．Actually 11．A．trained B．approached C．followed D．designed 12．A．saved B．chosen C．caught D．stolen 13．A．clean B．hide C．observe D．eat 14．A．bored B．worried C．satisfied D．disappointed 15．A．child B．young C．fish D．penguin Fourteen years ago, French businessman Phil Lecomte took a trip in China near Huangshan Mountain. That 1 his life. After walking a long way, he 2 a lovely village. This special 3 in the village made him fall in love with China right away. Phil has been going to China since 1999. He 4 China’s mountains, rivers, and old villages. He never 5 these sights. In 2009, he went to Huangshan in Anhui province, and that set him a totally new 6 . He is deeply attracted by this amazing 7 of nature and culture. He lived at the bottom of Huangshan for three months and learned about 8 Chinese life. His short visit turned into a big 9 . He climbed, walked, and camped in the mountains. Later, in 2012, he became a guide and 10 people, mostly from other countries, around Huangshan’s attractive places. Phil took many 11 photos while camping and hiking. He put his photos on a Chinese website. One of his favorite photos is a 12 girl with an umbrella in an old street. A person from China wrote a 13 excitedly, “That girl looks like me when I was young!” This made Phil feel amazed at how the past and present can 14 . Phil says, “When I was young, I liked sleeping in the forest looking at the stars. Now, when I camp on Huangshan, I can 15 the stars again just like in the old days.” 1．A．opened B．changed C．wasted D．ruled 2．A．found B．established C．preserved D．searched 3．A．entrance B．process C．experience D．tradition 4．A．tracks B．admires C．recognises D．describes 5．A．reminds B．destroys C．imagines D．forgets 6．A．type B．point C．path D．site 7．A．combination B．impression C．arrangement D．application 8．A．creative B．digital C．unusual D．traditional 9．A．benefit B．adventure C．contribution D．attempt 10．A．showed B．carried C．followed D．pulled 11．A．professional B．classic C．suitable D．amazing 12．A．little B．strong C．positive D．clever 13．A．book B．journal C．diary D．comment 14．A．affect B．survive C．connect D．improve 15．A．dream B．see C．record D．draw 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One sunny afternoon, Leo went to a park with his mom for a walk. While they were sitting on the grass, he heard a soft sound coming from a nearby tree. Curious, he went closer and found a small brown bird with an injured wing under the tree. It couldn’t fly. Leo’s heart was filled with pity for this little bird. His mom noticed his concern and said, “Let’s help it together.” Carefully, Leo picked up the bird and brought it home. With his mom’s help, Leo used an old shoe box as the bird’s nest and put in some cotton. Every day, he gave the bird water and small pieces of bread. He named it Pip. At first, Pip was afraid and didn’t eat much. But Leo never gave up. Slowly, Pip began to trust him. Its wing started to heal (痊愈), and it grew stronger day by day. Leo felt happy watching Pip recover. Sometimes, the whole family would watch Pip hopping (跳) around the room, and Leo’s mom would smile and say, “Darling, you’ve done a good job.” One day, as Pip was confidently flying from one chair to another and then stayed beside the window, Leo’s mom said gently, “Leo, Pip’s wing has fully recovered. It’s strong enough to return to the forest.” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Standing close to Pip, Leo held the box tightly and said, “No!” __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Under the same tree where Pip had been found, Leo gently opened his hands. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $