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专题04 主从复合句
宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句考点全解析
考点序号
考点聚焦
考点一
宾语从句
考点二
定语从句
考点三
状语从句
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考点一 宾语从句
【知识精讲】
宾语从句的定义
宾语从句就是用一个完整的句子来充当主句动词(或介词)的宾语,说明“说了什么”、“想了什么”、“知道了什么”。
位置:跟在及物动词(say, think, know, believe, wonder等)或介词(about, of, in等)之后。
I know that he is honest. (我知道他是诚实的。)→ “他是诚实的”这个句子当了know的宾语。
连接词
从句类型
连接词
作用
例句
陈述句
that
只起连接作用,无词义,在句中不作成分,口语中常省略。
I hear (that) he will be back soon.
一般疑问句
if / whether
表示“是否”,不作句子成分。
I wonder if/whether she will agree.
特殊疑问句
疑问词
(what, when, where,
why, how, who等)
保留原疑问词的词义,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、状语等成分。
Please tell me where you are.
I don‘t know who took my book.
易错点拨
1. 【语序错误】受中文思维或直接疑问句影响,忘记用“主语+谓语”的陈述语序。
❌ Can you tell me how can I get to the station?
✅ Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
2. 【时态误用】忽略“主过从过”原则或客观真理。
主句过去时(said, thought, asked等),从句要用相应的过去时态。
He said he was tired.
She told me she had finished her work.
客观真理、科学事实、格言等,永远用一般现在时。
The teacher said light travels faster than sound. (真理,用 travels,不是 traveled)
3. 【连接词混淆】if/whether 与 that 混用。
Whether 和 If 都表“是否”,但 If 不能用于以下情况:
介词后:We talked about whether we should go. (❌ 不能用if)
后接 or not 时:I don‘t know whether he will come or not. (❌ 不能用 if ... or not)
引导主语/表语从句:Whether he succeeds is important. (❌ 不能用 If)
4. 【否定转移】
在 think, believe, suppose 等表示“认为”的动词后,如果宾语从句是否定意思,常将否定词 not 转移到主句谓语上。
中文:我认为他不会来。
英语:I don’t think he will come. (更地道)
5. 【宾语从句的简化】
当主从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为 “疑问词 + to do” 结构。
I don’t know what I should do. = I don’t know what to do.
He wondered how he could get there. = He wondered how to get there.
【典例破题】
1. Could you please tell me ______?
A. where is the nearest bank B. where the nearest bank is
C. the nearest bank is where D. is where the nearest bank
2. I don’t know ______ he will join us. We‘ll be happy if he comes.
A. when B. why C. whether D. where
【巩固提升】
一、单项选择
1.—I think it’s difficult to write the book report in two days. I really don’t know ________.
—Believe in yourself! Plan your time properly, and you can make it.
A.why I have to do it B.when will I finish it
C.how can I do it D.whether I can finish it
2.—Let’s go climbing if it ________ next Saturday.
—Good idea. But nobody knows if it ________.
A.is fine; rains B.is fine; will rain
C.will be fine; rains D.will be fine; will rain
3.I wonder ________ the Sahara Desert is the largest desert on Earth.
A.that B.if C.what D.how
4.The reason for his success is ________ he worked very hard.
A.why B.that C.whether D.how
5.—Shall we learn some basic body language before our trip to Japan?
—Oh, it can wait. We don’t know ________ we will really need it or not.
A.that B.when C.where D.whether
6.He hasn’t decided ________ to stay in Beijing or go back home.
A.if B.whether C.when D.where
7.I believe ________ you will make great progress if you work hard.
A.that B.if C.whether D.when
8.They are talking about ________ they will hold a sports meeting next week.
A.if B.whether C.that D.what
9.He thinks ________ it is easy to learn English well.
A.that B.if C.whether D.what
10.We hope ________ you can join us in the game.
A.that B.if C.whether D.when
考点二 定语从句
【知识精讲】
定语从句的定义
定语从句也叫形容词性从句,用一个完整的句子来修饰名词或代词(这个被修饰的词叫“先行词”),说明“什么样的”、“哪一个”人或物。
简单句:I like the book.(我喜欢那本书。)→ 哪本书?
定语从句:I like the book that my teacher recommended.(我喜欢我老师推荐的那本书。)→ “我老师推荐的”这个句子修饰“book”。
核心构成
理解定语从句,关键在于掌握两个部分:
1. 先行词:被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词。
2. 关系词:连接主句和定语从句的引导词,它一方面指代前面的先行词,另一方面在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。
关系词
关系词
指代
在从句中作用
是否可省略
例句
who
人
主语 或 宾语
作宾语时可省
The man who is talking is my uncle.
whom
人
宾语(常用在介词后)
通常可省
The girl (whom) you saw is Lily.
that
人或物
主语 或 宾语
作宾语时可省
The book that is on the desk is mine.
which
物
主语 或 宾语
作宾语时可省
The car which he bought is red.
whose
人或物
定语(表示“谁的”、“某物的”)
不可省略
This is the boy whose father is a pilot.
易错点拨
1. 【只能用that的四大情况】
必须用that,不能用which/who的情况:
序/最:先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the first movie that has moved me to tears.(第一部电影)
He is the most careful person that I know.(最细心的人)
不:先行词是不定代词时,如:all, much, anything, everything, nothing, little, few等。
All that glitters is not gold.(所有闪光的)
Is there anything that I can do for you?(任何事情)
双:先行词既有人又有物时。
We talked about the people and the things that we remembered.
疑代:先行词本身是who, which等疑问代词时(为避免重复)。
Who that has seen the film will forget it?(看过这部电影的谁)
all:先行词被all, every, no, any, the only, the very等修饰时。
This is the only gift that I received.(唯一的礼物)
2. 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语,且介词被提到关系词前时,只能用 which(指物)或 whom(指人),绝对不能用that或who。
This is the house in which I lived for 10 years.
This is the house which/that I lived in for 10 years.
3. 【关系词在从句中作主语时,主谓一致问题】
当关系代词(who, that, which)在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词必须和先行词的人称和数保持一致。
I, who am your friend, will help you.(先行词I是单数第一人称,所以从句谓语用am)
He is one of the students who are from China.(先行词是students,复数,所以用are)
He is the only one of the students who is from China.(先行词是the only one,单数,所以用is)
解题技巧
【关系词选择混乱】不会区分who/whom/which/that
解题两步法:
先找先行词,确定指人还是指物。
再分析从句,看关系词在从句中充当什么成分(主/宾/定)。
例题:The museum ______ we visited yesterday is fantastic.
步骤1:先行词是The museum(物)。
步骤2:从句是we visited yesterday,主谓宾齐全,visited后缺宾语(我们参观了什么?博物馆)。
结论:指物+作宾语 → 可用 which 或 that,且可以省略。
【典例破题】
1. Is this the factory ______ your father worked in ten years ago?
A. where B. which C. that D. the one
2. The boy ______ won the first prize comes from a small village.
A. which B. whom C. who D. whose
【巩固提升】
1.Anyone who is a server or ____ has been one knows that customers always come first.
A.whom B.what C.who D.which
2.—Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you.
—We will. Miss Chen.
A.which B.whom C.who D.whose
3.She has a teenager granddaughter about my age ________ is really kind.
A.who B.which C.where D./
4.—What are you looking for?
—I' m looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week.
A.who B.what C.that D.when
5.— What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV?
— It’s a great TV show _______ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.that
6.—What kind of teachers do you like, John?
—I like the teachers _____are friendly to us.
A.which B.whose C.who
7.—In the program The Singer in 2018, I like Hua Chenyu most.
—Yes. He is the singer _______ won the first prize of Happy Boy’s Voice in 2013.
A.what B.which C.who
8.—Only You is a TV program _______is popular with most young people.
—Yes, it is definitely true.
A.that B.whose C.what D.who
9.Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _______________is leading a research to develop "sea rice".
A.Who B.whom C.which D.whose
10.Danny met a famous astronaut ________ was the first Canadian astronaut in space.
A.which B.What C.whose D.who
考点三 状语从句
(1) 让步状语从句
【知识精讲】
定义
“让步”就是“退一步说”。从句先承认一个事实(退一步),但主句表示这个事实并不影响另一件事情的发生。
核心逻辑:“虽然……但是……”(注意:英语中“虽然”和“但是”不能同时出现!)
例句:
Although it was raining, we played football.
(虽然下雨了,但是我们踢了足球。)→ 下雨没有影响我们踢球。
He passed the exam, though he didn’t study hard.
(他考试及格了,尽管他没努力学习。)→ 没努力学习没有影响他及格。
引导词
1. Although:最常用,较正式。通常位于句首。
Although he is young, he is very wise.
2. Though:与although同义,更口语化。位置灵活(句首、句中、句末)。
He is young. He is wise, though. (放句末时,前面常有逗号)
3. Even though:语气最强,表示“即使”,强调对比更强烈。
Even though I was tired, I couldn’t sleep. (即使很累,也睡不着。)
易错点拨
1. 【绝对禁忌】Although/Though 绝对不能与 but 连用。中文习惯说“虽然……但是……”,但英语中两者选一。
Although he is rich, he is not happy.
He is rich, but he is not happy.
2. Even though ≠ Even if
Even though:引导让步状语从句,承认的是事实。(“即使,虽然”)
Even though he knows the danger, he still tries.(他知道危险,这是事实。)
Even if:引导条件状语从句,假设的是可能的情况。(“即使,就算”)
Even if he knows the danger, he will still try.(他可能知道,也可能不知道。)
【典例破题】
1. ______ the task was difficult, they managed to finish it on time.
A. But B. Although C. Because D. So
2. He decided to walk to work, ______ his car was parked outside.
A. although B. but C. because D. so
【巩固提升】
1.______ the task was difficult, they managed to finish it on time.
A. But B. Although C. Because D. So
2.______ he was very tired, he kept working.
A. Although B. Because C. So D. But
3.______ it was raining heavily, they went out for a walk.
A. Though B. If C. Since D. Unless
4.She didn't give up ______ she faced many difficulties.
A. even though B. because C. so that D. as long as
5.______ he is young, he knows a lot about history.
A. As B. While C. Because D. For
6.They finished the work on time ______ it was a tough challenge.
A. although B. but C. so D. or
7.______ she had no money, she bought a gift for her mother.
A. Even though B. Because C. If D. Unless
8.He decided to go to the party ______ he didn't feel very well.
A. though B. because C. so D. for
9.______ the sun was shining, the air was still cold.
A. Although B. Because C. So D. And
10.______ he is over 70, he still exercises every day.
A. While B. Because C. Since D. For
(2) 结果状语从句
【知识精讲】
结果状语从句的定义
结果状语从句表示主句动作或状态所导致的结果,回答“结果怎么样?”的问题。核心是“如此……以至于……”,强调因果关系。
核心逻辑:A(主句)导致B(从句结果)
例句:
He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up.
(他跑得如此快,以至于我追不上。)→ “跑得快”导致“我追不上”。
It was such a heavy box that nobody could lift it.
(这是一个如此重的箱子,以至于没人能搬动。)→ “箱子重”导致“搬不动”。
核心结构
So...that vs. Such...that
结构
公式
例句
so...that
so + 形容词/副词 + (a/an) + (名词)
+ that + 从句
The music was so beautiful that everyone stopped talking.
such...that
such + (a/an) + (形容词) + 名词 + that + 从句
It was such a funny story that we all laughed.
易错点拨
1. 【So 和 Such 的混淆】
核心判断方法:看紧跟在后面的词是什么词性。
如果是形容词或副词,一定用 so。
He is so careful that...(careful是形容词)
He works so carefully that...(carefully是副词)
如果是名词,一定用 such。
He is such a careful student that...(student是名词)
They are such careful students that...(students是名词)
2. 【Such 后的冠词陷阱】
当名词是单数可数名词时,必须加上 a/an,且放在 such 和形容词之后。
正确:It was such an interesting book that he likes reading it very much.
3. 【与Too...to...结构的混淆】
两者都表示程度,但结构和意义不同:
so...that...:如此……以至于……(+完整从句,可以是肯定或否定)
He is so young that he can't go to school alone.(否定结果)
He was so excited that he jumped up.(肯定结果)
too...to...:太……而不能……(+动词原形,只表否定)
He is too young to go to school alone.(不能去)
4. 【与Enough to...结构的辨析与转换】
so...that...:如此……以至于……(强调程度与结果)
...enough to...:足够……可以……(强调能力)
not...enough to...:不够……以至于不能……
转换关系:
He is so old that he can go to school. = He is old enough to go to school.
He is so young that he can't go to school. = He is not old enough to go to school.
【典例破题】
一、单项选择
1. The problem was ______ difficult ______ none of us could solve it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as
2. It was ______ lovely day ______ we decided to go for a picnic.
A. such a; that B. so a; that C. such; that D. so; that
【巩固提升】
1.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期末)He has _______ much work to do that he can’t go out with us.
A.so B.such C.too D.very
2.(25-26九年级上·福建莆田·月考)He shared ________ clear advice ________ we learned a lot from his speech.
A.such a; that B.so; that C.such; that
3.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)—What do you think of the film Zootopia 2?
—I think it is ________ an excellent film ________ so many young people like it.
A.such; that B.too; to C.so; that D.enough; to
4. The story is ______ interesting ______ all the students want to read it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
5 It was ______ wonderful music ______ everyone lost themselves in it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. such a; that D. so a; that
6. He has ______ little time ______ he can’t finish his homework on time.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that
7. It is ______ useful book ______ I decide to keep it forever.
A. so; that B. such a; that C. such; that D. so a; that
8. The teacher spoke ______ fast ______ none of us could follow him.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to D. enough; to
9. They are ______ clever children ______ they can work out the difficult problem easily.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; that
10. There is ______ much rain this summer ______ many fields are flooded.
A. so; that B. such; that C. quite; that D. very; that
(3) 时间状语从句
【知识精讲】
连词(短语)
含义及用法
例句
when
“当……时”;引导的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用短暂性动词
He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.
while
“正当……时;正在……时”;引导的从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常用进行时
While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
as
“当……时”;表示一件事情正在发生,另一件事情也在进行中
Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang.
after
“在……之后”;表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后
People will get to know the advantages of your product after they use it.
before
“在……之前”;表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前
Turn off the lights before you leave the room.
until/till
“直到……为止”;常用在“not…until…”结构中,表示“直到……才……”
The boy didn't stop running until he reached the finishing line.
since
“自……以来”;主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时
We have been good friends since we entered the same high school.
as soon as
“一……就……”;引导的从句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
I will give you a callas soon as I arrive home.
whenever
“在任何……时候;无论何时”;引导的从句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
Whenever we're in trouble, they'll help us.
易错提醒
时间状语从句的时态搭配
规则一:主将从现:当主句是将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来:
I will call you when I arrive.(我到达时会给你打电话。)
He will help you if he has time.(如果有时间他会帮你。)
例外:when引导名词性从句时可用将来时
I don't know when he will come.(我不知道他什么时候会来。→ 宾语从句)
规则二:主过从过:当主句是过去时,时间状语从句通常也用过去时:
He was reading when I entered.(我进来时他正在读书。)
When he was young, he lived in Beijing.(他年轻时住在北京。)
规则三:since从句的时态:since从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时
I have known him since we were children.(我们从小时候就认识了。)
技巧点拨
一、核心原则:抓引导词,辨逻辑,对时态
时间状语从句的解题核心是通过引导词判断逻辑关系,结合 “主将从现” 等时态规则匹配选项,排除语法错误和逻辑矛盾项。
二、解题步骤(三步走)
1. 辨引导词,定逻辑关系
先看题干和选项中的引导词,明确从句类型,常见逻辑及对应词:
时间先后:when(当…… 时)、while(当…… 时,接延续性动作)、as(当…… 时,一边…… 一边……)
先后顺序:before(在…… 之前)、after(在…… 之后)、since(自从)、until(直到)
同时发生:as soon as(一…… 就……)、the moment(一…… 就……)
伴随 / 时段:during(在…… 期间)、whenever(无论何时)
2. 用 “主将从现”,定时态规则
这是解题关键,结合主句时态判断从句时态:
主句为一般将来时:从句用一般现在时(表时间 / 条件)
主句为一般过去时:从句用过去相关时态(一般过去时 / 过去进行时 / 过去完成时)
客观真理 / 事实:无论主句时态,从句用一般现在时
3. 排干扰项,避易错点
排除引导词误用:如 while 后接延续性动词,when 可接短暂 / 延续性动词
排除语序错误:从句用陈述语序,勿用疑问语序
排除时态矛盾:如主句过去时,从句勿用一般现在时(客观真理除外)
三、速记口诀
时间状语看引导,逻辑关系先辨清;
主将从现是准则,时态一致莫忘记;
while 接延续动作,引导词错不选;
陈述语序记心间,干扰选项快速排。
【典例破题】
1.(2025·福建厦门·模拟预测)Xiao Wei didn’t go to bed ________ he finished his homework.
A.if B.until C.since
2.(2025·甘肃武威·一模)It’s about ten years since he ________ a Young Pioneer.
A.becomes B.has become C.became D.becoming
【巩固提升】
1.(2025・广东广州・模拟预测)I will call you ________ I arrive at the train station.
A.as soon as B.while C.though
2.(2025・山东临沂・一模)________ you leave the classroom, please turn off the lights.
A.After B.Before C.Until
3.(2025・湖南长沙・模拟预测)He was reading newspapers ________ his wife was cooking dinner.
A.when B.while C.if
4.(2025・四川成都・二模)We have known each other ________ we were children.
A.since B.when C.until
5.(2025・河南洛阳・模拟预测)The students stopped talking ________ the teacher came into the classroom.
A.until B.when C.before
6.(2025・河北保定・一模)I didn’t stop working ________ it was midnight.
A.unless B.until C.since
7.(2025・浙江温州・模拟预测)________ the rain stops, we will go out for a walk.
A.As soon as B.While C.Because
8.(2025・陕西西安・二模)It has been five years ________ I moved to this city.
A.when B.since C.after
9.(2025・江苏南通・模拟预测)Please stay here ________ your parents come back.
A.until B.though C.if
10.(2025・湖北武汉・一模)I met an old friend ________ I was walking along the street yesterday.
A.while B.since C.until
(4) 条件状语从句
【知识精讲】
连词(短语)
含义及用法
例句
if
“如果”;从句用一般现在时,主句通常用一般将来时
If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
unless
“如果不;除非”;unless可以转化为if…not…结构。主从句时态与if用法一致
Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well.
as long as
“只要”;主从句时态与if用法一致
As long as you tell me the truth, I'll try to help you.
条件状语从句的时态规则
(1)主将从现:主句将来时,从句一般现在时
If he comes, I will tell him.(如果他来,我会告诉他。)
(2)主情从现:主句情态动词,从句一般现在时
If you work hard, you can succeed.(如果你努力工作,你能成功。)
(3)主祈从现:主句祈使句,从句一般现在时
If you see him, tell him to call me.(如果你见到他,告诉他给我打电话。)
易错提醒
条件状语从句可以简化为:
Without air, we could not live.(如果没有空气,我们不能生存。)
= If there were no air, we could not live.
技巧点拨
一、核心逻辑:判从句,辨逻辑,定时态
解题关键是先判断从句为条件关系,再结合引导词和时态规则匹配选项,排除语法、逻辑错误项。
二、解题步骤(三步走)
1. 识引导词,定条件逻辑
题干 / 选项中出现表条件的引导词,即为条件状语从句,常见词及逻辑:
if(如果)、unless(除非 = if not)、as long as(只要):表条件假设;
in case(万一):表预防条件。
2. 守时态规则,匹配时态
核心遵循主将从现,结合主句时态判断从句时态:
主句为一般将来时 / 含情态动词(can/may/will):从句用一般现在时;
主句为一般过去时:从句用过去相关时态(一般过去时 / 过去完成时);
客观真理 / 事实:从句用一般现在时。
3. 排干扰项,避易错点
排除引导词误用:unless 表否定条件,勿与 if 混淆;
排除语序错误:从句用陈述语序,勿用疑问语序;
排除时态矛盾:主句过去时,从句勿用一般将来时。
三、速记口诀
条件从句看引导,unless 替换 if not 记牢;主将从现是准则,时态一致不混淆;陈述语序记心间,干扰选项快速排。
【典例破题】
1.(2026·福建福州·一模)You can complete the task successfully ________ you follow the steps.
A.as much as B.as well as C.as long as
2.(2026·上海闵行·一模)Mum won’t use that smart kitchen ________ it can be controlled by her voice easily.
A.unless B.so that C.because D.when
【巩固提升】
1.(2025・江西南昌・模拟预测)He didn’t go to school yesterday ________ he was ill.
A.because B.so C.but
2.(2025・云南昆明・一模)You will miss the bus ________ you hurry up.
A.if B.unless C.though
3.(2025・山东青岛・模拟预测)________ everyone is here, let’s start our meeting.
A.Since B.Until C.If
4.(2025・广西南宁・二模)I will help you ________ I have free time.
A.while B.if C.though
5.(2025・辽宁沈阳・模拟预测)She cried ________ she felt very sad.
A.when B.because C.if
6.(2025・海南海口・一模)You can’t pass the exam ________ you work hard.
A.unless B.because C.since
7.(2025・安徽合肥・模拟预测)We stayed at home ________ it rained heavily outside.
A.though B.because C.before
8.(2025・山西太原・二模)________ it is cold outside, put on your coat.
A.If B.Since C.Until
9.(2025・吉林长春・模拟预测)I won’t go to the party ________ my mother allows me.
A.if B.unless C.when
10.(2025・贵州贵阳・一模)He likes reading ________ there are many interesting books.
A.because B.so C.and
(5) 原因状语从句
【知识精讲】
连词
含义及用法
例句
because
“因为”;常用来回答由why引导的一般疑问句;不能与so连用
I'd like to join the Music Club because I can play the piano.
since
“因为;既然”;语气比because弱
Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little babies.
as
“因为;由于”;语气比since弱
As you were out, I left a message.
技巧点拨
一、核心逻辑:找标志,辨逻辑,选连词
解题关键是通过句意判断因果关系,匹配对应的原因引导词,排除逻辑矛盾和用法错误的选项。
二、解题步骤(三步走)
1. 识引导词,定因果逻辑
题干出现表 “因为、由于、既然” 等含义的引导词,即为原因状语从句,常见词及用法:
because(因为):语气最强,直接回答 why 提问,可用于强调句;
since(既然):双方已知的原因,语气较弱;
as(由于):显而易见的原因,语气最弱;
now that(既然):强调现在的已知原因。
2. 看语境,选正确引导词
问 “为什么” 并直接解释原因:优先选 because;
双方都知道的原因:选 since;
显而易见的原因:选 as;
强调现在的新原因:选 now that。
3. 排干扰项,避易错点
排除 because 与 so 连用:because 表原因,so 表结果,二者不可同用;
排除引导词混淆:since 还可表时间,需结合语境区分;
排除语序错误:从句用陈述语序,勿用疑问语序。
三、速记口诀
原因从句看引导,because 答 why 最分明;since 表已知,as 表显然;because so 不碰头,陈述语序记心间。
【典例破题】
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期末)________ our topic is about protecting the ocean, I plan to start our report with Blue Planet.
A.Since B.Although C.While D.Unless
2.(25-26九年级上·安徽合肥·期中)Museums are becoming more popular ______ people want to learn more about culture and history.
A.until B.unless C.as D.although
【巩固提升】
1.(2025・江苏苏州・模拟预测)I didn’t go running this morning ________ the wind was too strong.
A.because B.though C.if
2.(2025・浙江嘉兴・一模)________ you know the truth, I won’t hide anything from you.
A.Since B.Until C.While
3.(2025・广东佛山・模拟预测)He failed the exam ________ he didn’t study hard.
A.so B.because C.but
4.(2025・山东潍坊・二模)We decided to walk home ________ there was no bus left.
A.as B.when C.unless
5.(2025・湖北宜昌・模拟预测)She speaks English very well ________ she practices every day.
A.if B.because C.though
6.(2025・四川绵阳・一模)________ everyone is ready, let’s start the game now.
A.Because B.Since C.Before
7.(2025・湖南株洲・模拟预测)Tom stayed in bed all day ________ he had a bad cold.
A.until B.because C.after
8.(2025・河南安阳・二模)________ it is raining outside, we have to stay indoors.
A.As B.If C.Though
9.(2025・河北唐山・模拟预测)I like this story ________ it is very moving.
A.because B.so C.or
10.(2025・陕西宝鸡・一模)He must be tired ________ he has worked for twelve hours.
A.since B.when C.while
第一部分 单项选择(10 题)
1. Could you tell me ________ the nearest supermarket is?
A. what B. where C. when
2. This is the book ________ my mother bought for me last week.
A. who B. which C. what
3. I will go hiking with you ________ I finish my homework.
A. as soon as B. though C. but
4. He didn’t go to bed ________ his father came back home.
A. if B. until C. because
5. I don’t know ________ he will come to the party or not.
A. if B. whether C. that
6.We stayed at home ________ it rained heavily outside.
A. because B. so C. though
7. The girl ________ is standing by the window is my classmate.
A. who B. which C. whose
8. You will fail the exam ________ you study hard from now on.
A. if B. unless C. when
9. She asked me ________ I could help her with her English.
A. that B. if C. what
10. ________ everyone is here, let’s begin our class.
A. Since B. While C. Until
第二部分 单句填空(10 题,每空一词)
根据句意及从句用法,填入合适的引导词。
1. I know ________ he is a good student.
2. This is the pen ________ I lost yesterday.
3. I was reading books ________ my mother came in.
4. He didn’t go out ________ the weather was bad.
5. Could you tell me ________ the bank is?
6. I will wait for you ________ you finish your work.
7. The man ________ helped me just now is my teacher.
8. You will feel cold ________ you put on more clothes.
9. I wonder ________ he will arrive tomorrow.
10. ________ you finish your homework first, you can watch TV.
第三部分 语法填空(1 篇,共 10 空)
阅读短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空白处填入一个适当的词。
Hello, everyone! I have a good friend 1.______ name is Lily. She is a lovely girl 2.______ comes from Canada. I still remember 3.______ I met her for the first time. It was three years ago 4.______ we studied in the same class.
Lily likes Chinese very much 5.______ she thinks it is interesting. She always asks me 6.______ she can learn Chinese well. I tell her 7.______ she needs to practice more. She will keep learning 8.______ she goes back to her country.
I believe 9.______ our friendship will last forever. We will be good friends 10.______ we meet difficulties in the future.
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专题04 主从复合句
宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句考点全解析
考点序号
考点聚焦
考点一
宾语从句
考点二
定语从句
考点三
状语从句
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脉
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络
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重
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构
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考
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点
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精
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讲
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考点一 宾语从句
【知识精讲】
宾语从句的定义
宾语从句就是用一个完整的句子来充当主句动词(或介词)的宾语,说明“说了什么”、“想了什么”、“知道了什么”。
位置:跟在及物动词(say, think, know, believe, wonder等)或介词(about, of, in等)之后。
I know that he is honest. (我知道他是诚实的。)→ “他是诚实的”这个句子当了know的宾语。
连接词
从句类型
连接词
作用
例句
陈述句
that
只起连接作用,无词义,在句中不作成分,口语中常省略。
I hear (that) he will be back soon.
一般疑问句
if / whether
表示“是否”,不作句子成分。
I wonder if/whether she will agree.
特殊疑问句
疑问词
(what, when, where,
why, how, who等)
保留原疑问词的词义,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、状语等成分。
Please tell me where you are.
I don‘t know who took my book.
易错点拨
1. 【语序错误】受中文思维或直接疑问句影响,忘记用“主语+谓语”的陈述语序。
❌ Can you tell me how can I get to the station?
✅ Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
2. 【时态误用】忽略“主过从过”原则或客观真理。
主句过去时(said, thought, asked等),从句要用相应的过去时态。
He said he was tired.
She told me she had finished her work.
客观真理、科学事实、格言等,永远用一般现在时。
The teacher said light travels faster than sound. (真理,用 travels,不是 traveled)
3. 【连接词混淆】if/whether 与 that 混用。
Whether 和 If 都表“是否”,但 If 不能用于以下情况:
介词后:We talked about whether we should go. (❌ 不能用if)
后接 or not 时:I don‘t know whether he will come or not. (❌ 不能用 if ... or not)
引导主语/表语从句:Whether he succeeds is important. (❌ 不能用 If)
4. 【否定转移】
在 think, believe, suppose 等表示“认为”的动词后,如果宾语从句是否定意思,常将否定词 not 转移到主句谓语上。
中文:我认为他不会来。
英语:I don’t think he will come. (更地道)
5. 【宾语从句的简化】
当主从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为 “疑问词 + to do” 结构。
I don’t know what I should do. = I don’t know what to do.
He wondered how he could get there. = He wondered how to get there.
【典例破题】
1. Could you please tell me ______?
A. where is the nearest bank B. where the nearest bank is
C. the nearest bank is where D. is where the nearest bank
【答案】1. B
【解析】
1. 宾语从句必须用陈述语序:疑问词(where) + 主语(the nearest bank) + 谓语(is)。A、C、D语序均错误。
2. I don’t know ______ he will join us. We‘ll be happy if he comes.
A. when B. why C. whether D. where
【答案】2. C
【解析】
2. 句意:“我不知道他是否会加入我们。”从句是一般疑问,需用if/whether引导。其他选项不符合“我们高兴”的后续逻辑。
【巩固提升】
一、单项选择
1.—I think it’s difficult to write the book report in two days. I really don’t know ________.
—Believe in yourself! Plan your time properly, and you can make it.
A.why I have to do it B.when will I finish it
C.how can I do it D.whether I can finish it
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我认为两天内写完读书报告很难。我真的不知道我是否能完成它。——相信你自己!合理安排你的时间,你就能做到。
why I have to do it我为什么必须做它;when will I finish it我什么时候会完成它;how can I do it我该怎么做它;whether I can finish it我是否能完成它。根据答句“Believe in yourself! Plan your time properly,and you can make it.”可知,前句表达的是说话人不确定自己能否完成任务,且宾语从句需使用陈述语序,选项B、C为疑问语序可直接排除,A选项与答句语境不符,应填whether I can finish it。
2.—Let’s go climbing if it ________ next Saturday.
—Good idea. But nobody knows if it ________.
A.is fine; rains B.is fine; will rain
C.will be fine; rains D.will be fine; will rain
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——如果下周六天气好的话,我们去爬山吧。——好主意。但是没人知道会不会下雨。
is fine天气好(一般现在时);rains下雨(一般现在时);will rain下雨(一般将来时);will be fine天气好(一般将来时)。第一个空的if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,主句是表将来的祈使句,从句需用一般现在时,故填is fine;第二个空的if引导宾语从句,作knows的宾语,根据时间状语“next Saturday”可知,从句描述的是将来的事情,需用一般将来时,故填will rain。
3.I wonder ________ the Sahara Desert is the largest desert on Earth.
A.that B.if C.what D.how
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我想知道撒哈拉沙漠是否是地球上最大的沙漠。
that无实际含义;if是否;what什么;how如何。此处引导宾语从句,且从句结构完整,排除C;根据“I wonder”可知表示不确定或疑惑,排除A;how代入句意不通。“wonder”后接宾语从句时常用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。
4.The reason for his success is ________ he worked very hard.
A.why B.that C.whether D.how
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他成功的原因是他工作非常努力。
why为什么;that引导表语从句,无词义,只起连接作用;whether是否;how如何。本句是“The reason is that…”的固定句型,表示“原因是……”,其中that引导表语从句。应填that。
5.—Shall we learn some basic body language before our trip to Japan?
—Oh, it can wait. We don’t know ________ we will really need it or not.
A.that B.when C.where D.whether
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我们去日本旅行之前要学些基本的肢体语言吗?——哦,可以等一等。我们不知道是否真的需要它们。
that引导陈述句的宾语从句;when什么时候,作时间状语;where在哪里,作地点状语;whether是否。根据“We don’t know...we will really need it or not.”可知,句末有“or not”,表示“是否……与否”,应用“whether...or not”引导宾语从句,故填whether。
6.He hasn’t decided ________ to stay in Beijing or go back home.
A.if B.whether C.when D.where
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他还没决定是否留在北京还是回家。
if如果/是否;whether是否;when什么时候;where哪里。根据固定搭配whether to do...or (to) do...表示“是做……还是做……”,且if不能直接与不定式搭配使用,因此应选whether。
7.I believe ________ you will make great progress if you work hard.
A.that B.if C.whether D.when
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我相信如果你努力,你会取得巨大进步。
that无实义;if如果;whether是否;when什么时候。根据“I believe ... you will make great progress”可知,believe后接宾语从句,从句是陈述语气,表示相信的具体内容,句子结构完整,应用that引导,此处that无实义。
8.They are talking about ________ they will hold a sports meeting next week.
A.if B.whether C.that D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他们正在谈论下周是否要举行运动会。
if是否/如果;whether是否;that无实义;what什么。根据“talking about”可知空处在介词后,引导宾语从句表示“是否”时,只能用whether,不能用if。
9.He thinks ________ it is easy to learn English well.
A.that B.if C.whether D.what
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他认为学好英语是容易的。
that无实义;if是否;whether是否;what什么。根据“He thinks...it is easy to learn English well.”可知,从句是完整的陈述句,表示确定的观点,不缺成分且意思完整,应用that引导宾语从句。
10.We hope ________ you can join us in the game.
A.that B.if C.whether D.when
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们希望你能加入我们的游戏。
that(引导从句无实义);if如果/是否;whether是否;when什么时候。hope后接宾语从句,从句为陈述句,表示确定的愿望,用that引导。if/whether表“是否”,when表“时间”,均不符合语境。故选A。
考点二 定语从句
【知识精讲】
定语从句的定义
定语从句也叫形容词性从句,用一个完整的句子来修饰名词或代词(这个被修饰的词叫“先行词”),说明“什么样的”、“哪一个”人或物。
简单句:I like the book.(我喜欢那本书。)→ 哪本书?
定语从句:I like the book that my teacher recommended.(我喜欢我老师推荐的那本书。)→ “我老师推荐的”这个句子修饰“book”。
核心构成
理解定语从句,关键在于掌握两个部分:
1. 先行词:被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词。
2. 关系词:连接主句和定语从句的引导词,它一方面指代前面的先行词,另一方面在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。
关系词
关系词
指代
在从句中作用
是否可省略
例句
who
人
主语 或 宾语
作宾语时可省
The man who is talking is my uncle.
whom
人
宾语(常用在介词后)
通常可省
The girl (whom) you saw is Lily.
that
人或物
主语 或 宾语
作宾语时可省
The book that is on the desk is mine.
which
物
主语 或 宾语
作宾语时可省
The car which he bought is red.
whose
人或物
定语(表示“谁的”、“某物的”)
不可省略
This is the boy whose father is a pilot.
易错点拨
1. 【只能用that的四大情况】
必须用that,不能用which/who的情况:
序/最:先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the first movie that has moved me to tears.(第一部电影)
He is the most careful person that I know.(最细心的人)
不:先行词是不定代词时,如:all, much, anything, everything, nothing, little, few等。
All that glitters is not gold.(所有闪光的)
Is there anything that I can do for you?(任何事情)
双:先行词既有人又有物时。
We talked about the people and the things that we remembered.
疑代:先行词本身是who, which等疑问代词时(为避免重复)。
Who that has seen the film will forget it?(看过这部电影的谁)
all:先行词被all, every, no, any, the only, the very等修饰时。
This is the only gift that I received.(唯一的礼物)
2. 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语,且介词被提到关系词前时,只能用 which(指物)或 whom(指人),绝对不能用that或who。
This is the house in which I lived for 10 years.
This is the house which/that I lived in for 10 years.
3. 【关系词在从句中作主语时,主谓一致问题】
当关系代词(who, that, which)在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词必须和先行词的人称和数保持一致。
I, who am your friend, will help you.(先行词I是单数第一人称,所以从句谓语用am)
He is one of the students who are from China.(先行词是students,复数,所以用are)
He is the only one of the students who is from China.(先行词是the only one,单数,所以用is)
解题技巧
【关系词选择混乱】不会区分who/whom/which/that
解题两步法:
先找先行词,确定指人还是指物。
再分析从句,看关系词在从句中充当什么成分(主/宾/定)。
例题:The museum ______ we visited yesterday is fantastic.
步骤1:先行词是The museum(物)。
步骤2:从句是we visited yesterday,主谓宾齐全,visited后缺宾语(我们参观了什么?博物馆)。
结论:指物+作宾语 → 可用 which 或 that,且可以省略。
【典例破题】
1. Is this the factory ______ your father worked in ten years ago?
A. where B. which C. that D. the one
【答案】1. C
【解析】
1. 此题易错选A。从句为your father worked in ten years ago,worked in后缺宾语(在什么地方工作?在factory工作),所以关系词应作in的宾语。指物的先行词(the factory)作宾语,可用which或that,且此处介词in在句末,也可省略。where是关系副词,在从句中只能作地点状语,而此从句不缺状语。所以最佳答案是C(that),B(which)也可,但C更强调。
2. The boy ______ won the first prize comes from a small village.
A. which B. whom C. who D. whose
【答案】2. C
【解析】
2. 先行词The boy指人,从句won the first prize缺主语(谁赢得了第一名?男孩)。指人且作主语,只能用who。
【巩固提升】
1.Anyone who is a server or ____ has been one knows that customers always come first.
A.whom B.what C.who D.which
【答案】C
【解析】句意:任何一个服务员或者曾经做过服务员的人都知道顾客永远是第一位的。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是Anyone(任何人),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用who引导定语从句,故选C。
2.—Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you.
—We will. Miss Chen.
A.which B.whom C.who D.whose
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——同学们,你们应该感谢那些帮助和支持过你们的人。——我们会的,陈老师。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是people(人们),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用who引导定语从句,故选C。
3.She has a teenager granddaughter about my age ________ is really kind.
A.who B.which C.where D./
【答案】A
【解析】句意:她有一个和我年纪相仿的孙女,这个女孩人非常好。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是granddaughter(孙女),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,不能省略,需用who引导定语从句,故选A。
4.—What are you looking for?
—I' m looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week.
A.who B.what C.that D.when
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你在找什么?——我在找你上周借给我的那本字典。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是dictionary(字典),指物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,可用that/which引导定语从句,故选C。
5.— What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV?
— It’s a great TV show _______ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.that
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你觉得中央电视台的《朗读者》这个节目怎么样?——这是一档通过当众朗读来抒发我们真情实感的优秀电视节目。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是TV show(电视节目),指物,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用that引导定语从句,故选D。
6.—What kind of teachers do you like, John?
—I like the teachers _____are friendly to us.
A.which B.whose C.who
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——约翰,你喜欢什么样的老师?——我喜欢对我们友好的老师。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是teachers(老师),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用who引导定语从句,故选C。
7.—In the program The Singer in 2018, I like Hua Chenyu most.
—Yes. He is the singer _______ won the first prize of Happy Boy’s Voice in 2013.
A.what B.which C.who
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——在2018年的《歌手》节目中,我最喜欢华晨宇。——是的。他就是那个在2013年获得《快乐男声》冠军的歌手。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是singer(歌手),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用who引导定语从句,故选C。
8.—Only You is a TV program _______is popular with most young people.
—Yes, it is definitely true.
A.that B.whose C.what D.who
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——《只有你》是一档受大多数年轻人欢迎的电视节目。——是的,确实如此。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是TV program(电视节目),指物,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用that引导定语从句,故选A。
9.Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _______________is leading a research to develop "sea rice".
A.Who B.whom C.which D.whose
【答案】A
【解析】句意:袁隆平是一位中国水稻科学家,他正主导一项研发“海水稻”的研究。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是scientist(科学家),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用who引导定语从句,故选A。
10.Danny met a famous astronaut ________ was the first Canadian astronaut in space.
A.which B.What C.whose D.who
【答案】D
【解析】句意:丹尼见到了一位著名的宇航员,他是进入太空的第一位加拿大宇航员。
考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是astronaut(宇航员),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,需用who引导定语从句,故选D。
考点三 状语从句
(1) 让步状语从句
【知识精讲】
定义
“让步”就是“退一步说”。从句先承认一个事实(退一步),但主句表示这个事实并不影响另一件事情的发生。
核心逻辑:“虽然……但是……”(注意:英语中“虽然”和“但是”不能同时出现!)
例句:
Although it was raining, we played football.
(虽然下雨了,但是我们踢了足球。)→ 下雨没有影响我们踢球。
He passed the exam, though he didn’t study hard.
(他考试及格了,尽管他没努力学习。)→ 没努力学习没有影响他及格。
引导词
1. Although:最常用,较正式。通常位于句首。
Although he is young, he is very wise.
2. Though:与although同义,更口语化。位置灵活(句首、句中、句末)。
He is young. He is wise, though. (放句末时,前面常有逗号)
3. Even though:语气最强,表示“即使”,强调对比更强烈。
Even though I was tired, I couldn’t sleep. (即使很累,也睡不着。)
易错点拨
1. 【绝对禁忌】Although/Though 绝对不能与 but 连用。中文习惯说“虽然……但是……”,但英语中两者选一。
Although he is rich, he is not happy.
He is rich, but he is not happy.
2. Even though ≠ Even if
Even though:引导让步状语从句,承认的是事实。(“即使,虽然”)
Even though he knows the danger, he still tries.(他知道危险,这是事实。)
Even if:引导条件状语从句,假设的是可能的情况。(“即使,就算”)
Even if he knows the danger, he will still try.(他可能知道,也可能不知道。)
【典例破题】
1. ______ the task was difficult, they managed to finish it on time.
A. But B. Although C. Because D. So
【答案】1. B
【解析】
1.句意:“尽管任务很难,他们还是设法按时完成了。”主从句之间是让步关系。
2. He decided to walk to work, ______ his car was parked outside.
A. although B. but C. because D. so
【答案】2. A
【解析】
2. 句意:“他决定步行上班,尽管他的车就停在外面。”注意,从句放在主句后,用逗号隔开,只能用though或although,不能用but。
【巩固提升】
1.______ the task was difficult, they managed to finish it on time.
A. But B. Although C. Because D. So
【答案】B
【解析】句意:“尽管任务很难,他们还是设法按时完成了。”主从句之间是让步关系。
2.______ he was very tired, he kept working.
A. Although B. Because C. So D. But
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管他很累,他仍然继续工作。”表示让步关系。
3.______ it was raining heavily, they went out for a walk.
A. Though B. If C. Since D. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管雨下得很大,他们还是出去散步了。”主句和从句之间为让步关系。
4.She didn't give up ______ she faced many difficulties.
A. even though B. because C. so that D. as long as
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管她面临许多困难,她也没有放弃。”even though引导让步状语从句。
5.______ he is young, he knows a lot about history.
A. As B. While C. Because D. For
【答案】B
【解析】句意:“尽管他年轻,他对历史了解很多。”while在此表示让步。
6.They finished the work on time ______ it was a tough challenge.
A. although B. but C. so D. or
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管那是一个艰巨的挑战,他们还是按时完成了工作。”让步关系。
7.______ she had no money, she bought a gift for her mother.
A. Even though B. Because C. If D. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管她没有钱,她还是给妈妈买了礼物。”even though引导让步状语从句。
8.He decided to go to the party ______ he didn't feel very well.
A. though B. because C. so D. for
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管他感觉不太舒服,他还是决定去参加聚会。”though表示让步。
9.______ the sun was shining, the air was still cold.
A. Although B. Because C. So D. And
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管阳光明媚,空气仍然寒冷。”although引导让步状语从句。
10.______ he is over 70, he still exercises every day.
A. While B. Because C. Since D. For
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“尽管他70多岁了,他仍然每天锻炼。”while在此表示让步。
(2) 结果状语从句
【知识精讲】
结果状语从句的定义
结果状语从句表示主句动作或状态所导致的结果,回答“结果怎么样?”的问题。核心是“如此……以至于……”,强调因果关系。
核心逻辑:A(主句)导致B(从句结果)
例句:
He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up.
(他跑得如此快,以至于我追不上。)→ “跑得快”导致“我追不上”。
It was such a heavy box that nobody could lift it.
(这是一个如此重的箱子,以至于没人能搬动。)→ “箱子重”导致“搬不动”。
核心结构
So...that vs. Such...that
结构
公式
例句
so...that
so + 形容词/副词 + (a/an) + (名词)
+ that + 从句
The music was so beautiful that everyone stopped talking.
such...that
such + (a/an) + (形容词) + 名词 + that + 从句
It was such a funny story that we all laughed.
易错点拨
1. 【So 和 Such 的混淆】
核心判断方法:看紧跟在后面的词是什么词性。
如果是形容词或副词,一定用 so。
He is so careful that...(careful是形容词)
He works so carefully that...(carefully是副词)
如果是名词,一定用 such。
He is such a careful student that...(student是名词)
They are such careful students that...(students是名词)
2. 【Such 后的冠词陷阱】
当名词是单数可数名词时,必须加上 a/an,且放在 such 和形容词之后。
正确:It was such an interesting book that he likes reading it very much.
3. 【与Too...to...结构的混淆】
两者都表示程度,但结构和意义不同:
so...that...:如此……以至于……(+完整从句,可以是肯定或否定)
He is so young that he can't go to school alone.(否定结果)
He was so excited that he jumped up.(肯定结果)
too...to...:太……而不能……(+动词原形,只表否定)
He is too young to go to school alone.(不能去)
4. 【与Enough to...结构的辨析与转换】
so...that...:如此……以至于……(强调程度与结果)
...enough to...:足够……可以……(强调能力)
not...enough to...:不够……以至于不能……
转换关系:
He is so old that he can go to school. = He is old enough to go to school.
He is so young that he can't go to school. = He is not old enough to go to school.
【典例破题】
一、单项选择
1. The problem was ______ difficult ______ none of us could solve it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as
【答案】1. A
【解析】
1. difficult是形容词,前面应用so构成so...that结构。
2. It was ______ lovely day ______ we decided to go for a picnic.
A. such a; that B. so a; that C. such; that D. so; that
【答案】2. A
【解析】
2. day是单数可数名词,应用such a + adj. + noun结构。lovely day是一个名词短语。
【巩固提升】
1.(25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期末)He has _______ much work to do that he can’t go out with us.
A.so B.such C.too D.very
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他有如此多的工作要做,以至于不能和我们一起出去。
考查so...that...句型。so如此(修饰形容词或副词,构成“so...that...”结构表结果);such如此(修饰名词,需接“such+名词+that...”);too太(表过度,常与“to”连用);very非常(仅加强语气,无因果逻辑)。根据“much work to do that”可知,此处“so much...that...”表示“如此多……以至于……”,强调结果。故选A。
2.(25-26九年级上·福建莆田·月考)He shared ________ clear advice ________ we learned a lot from his speech.
A.such a; that B.so; that C.such; that
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他分享了如此清晰的建议,以至于我们从他的演讲中学到了很多。
考查such...that结构。such a…that如此……以至于;so…that如此……以至于;such…that如此……以至于。advice为不可数名词,不能用a修饰,排除A;so后接形容词或副词,但句中clear advice是“形容词+不可数名词”结构,应用such修饰,故选C。
3.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末)—What do you think of the film Zootopia 2?
—I think it is ________ an excellent film ________ so many young people like it.
A.such; that B.too; to C.so; that D.enough; to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你认为电影《疯狂动物城2》怎么样?——我认为它是一部如此优秀的电影,以至于很多年轻人都喜欢它。
考查such…that引导的结果状语从句。such+(a/an)+形容词+名词+that…如此……以至于……;too…to…太……而不能……;so+形容词/副词+that…如此……以至于……;enough…to…足够……可以……。根据“it is…an excellent film…so many young people like it”以及选项可知,它是一部如此优秀的电影,以至于很多年轻人都喜欢它;第一空应用such,第二空应用that。故选A。
4. The story is ______ interesting ______ all the students want to read it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
【答案】A
【解析】
interesting 为形容词,用 so+形容词+that从句 结构,表示“如此有趣以至于……”。such 后接名词短语,故选A。
5 It was ______ wonderful music ______ everyone lost themselves in it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. such a; that D. so a; that
【答案】B
【解析】
music 为不可数名词,此处是 such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句 结构,不能加a,也不能用so修饰名词整体,故选B。
6. He has ______ little time ______ he can’t finish his homework on time.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that
【答案】A
【解析】
so little/much/few/many + 名词 为固定特例,只能用so,构成so…that结果状语从句,故选A。
7. It is ______ useful book ______ I decide to keep it forever.
A. so; that B. such a; that C. such; that D. so a; that
【答案】B
【解析】
单数可数名词book,适用 such a/an + 形容词+单数名词 + that 结构,故选B。
8. The teacher spoke ______ fast ______ none of us could follow him.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to D. enough; to
【答案】B
【解析】
fast 为副词,修饰动词spoke,用 so+副词+that从句 表结果,故选B。
9. They are ______ clever children ______ they can work out the difficult problem easily.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; that
【答案】B
【解析】
clever children 为复数名词短语,适用 such+形容词+复数名词+that从句,故选B。
10. There is ______ much rain this summer ______ many fields are flooded.
A. so; that B. such; that C. quite; that D. very; that
【答案】A
【解析】
much修饰不可数名词,属于so much + 名词固定特例,只能用so…that结构,表“雨水如此多以至于……”,故选A。
(3) 时间状语从句
【知识精讲】
连词(短语)
含义及用法
例句
when
“当……时”;引导的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用短暂性动词
He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.
while
“正当……时;正在……时”;引导的从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常用进行时
While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
as
“当……时”;表示一件事情正在发生,另一件事情也在进行中
Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang.
after
“在……之后”;表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后
People will get to know the advantages of your product after they use it.
before
“在……之前”;表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前
Turn off the lights before you leave the room.
until/till
“直到……为止”;常用在“not…until…”结构中,表示“直到……才……”
The boy didn't stop running until he reached the finishing line.
since
“自……以来”;主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时
We have been good friends since we entered the same high school.
as soon as
“一……就……”;引导的从句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
I will give you a callas soon as I arrive home.
whenever
“在任何……时候;无论何时”;引导的从句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
Whenever we're in trouble, they'll help us.
易错提醒
时间状语从句的时态搭配
规则一:主将从现:当主句是将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来:
I will call you when I arrive.(我到达时会给你打电话。)
He will help you if he has time.(如果有时间他会帮你。)
例外:when引导名词性从句时可用将来时
I don't know when he will come.(我不知道他什么时候会来。→ 宾语从句)
规则二:主过从过:当主句是过去时,时间状语从句通常也用过去时:
He was reading when I entered.(我进来时他正在读书。)
When he was young, he lived in Beijing.(他年轻时住在北京。)
规则三:since从句的时态:since从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时
I have known him since we were children.(我们从小时候就认识了。)
技巧点拨
一、核心原则:抓引导词,辨逻辑,对时态
时间状语从句的解题核心是通过引导词判断逻辑关系,结合 “主将从现” 等时态规则匹配选项,排除语法错误和逻辑矛盾项。
二、解题步骤(三步走)
1. 辨引导词,定逻辑关系
先看题干和选项中的引导词,明确从句类型,常见逻辑及对应词:
时间先后:when(当…… 时)、while(当…… 时,接延续性动作)、as(当…… 时,一边…… 一边……)
先后顺序:before(在…… 之前)、after(在…… 之后)、since(自从)、until(直到)
同时发生:as soon as(一…… 就……)、the moment(一…… 就……)
伴随 / 时段:during(在…… 期间)、whenever(无论何时)
2. 用 “主将从现”,定时态规则
这是解题关键,结合主句时态判断从句时态:
主句为一般将来时:从句用一般现在时(表时间 / 条件)
主句为一般过去时:从句用过去相关时态(一般过去时 / 过去进行时 / 过去完成时)
客观真理 / 事实:无论主句时态,从句用一般现在时
3. 排干扰项,避易错点
排除引导词误用:如 while 后接延续性动词,when 可接短暂 / 延续性动词
排除语序错误:从句用陈述语序,勿用疑问语序
排除时态矛盾:如主句过去时,从句勿用一般现在时(客观真理除外)
三、速记口诀
时间状语看引导,逻辑关系先辨清;
主将从现是准则,时态一致莫忘记;
while 接延续动作,引导词错不选;
陈述语序记心间,干扰选项快速排。
【典例破题】
1.(2025·福建厦门·模拟预测)Xiao Wei didn’t go to bed ________ he finished his homework.
A.if B.until C.since
【答案】B
【详解】句意:小伟直到完成作业才上床睡觉。
考查连词辨析。if如果;until直到……为止;since自从。“not...until...”是固定搭配,表示“直到……才……”,符合语境,即小伟完成作业这个动作发生之后才去睡觉,所以用until。故选B。
2.(2025·甘肃武威·一模)It’s about ten years since he ________ a Young Pioneer.
A.becomes B.has become C.became D.becoming
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他成为少先队员已经大约十年了。
考查动词的时态。此句是since的句式“It is+一段时间+since+过去时态的从句”,意为“自从……已经多长时间了”。从句是过去时态,谓语动词用过去式。只有C选项符合。故选C。
【巩固提升】
1.(2025・广东广州・模拟预测)I will call you ________ I arrive at the train station.
A.as soon as B.while C.though
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我一到达火车站就给你打电话。
考查连词辨析。as soon as 一…… 就……;while 当…… 时候;though 虽然。本句为时间状语从句,结合句意可知此处表示动作紧随发生,故选 A。
2.(2025・山东临沂・一模)________ you leave the classroom, please turn off the lights.
A.After B.Before C.Until
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在你离开教室之前,请把灯关掉。
考查连词辨析。After 在…… 之后;Before 在…… 之前;Until 直到。根据生活常识及句意,离开前关灯,故选 B。
3.(2025・湖南长沙・模拟预测)He was reading newspapers ________ his wife was cooking dinner.
A.when B.while C.if
【答案】B
【详解】句意:妻子做饭的时候,他在看报纸。
考查连词辨析。when 当…… 时,可接短暂性 / 延续性动词;while 当…… 时,从句常用进行时态,强调两个动作同时进行;if 如果。本句主从句均为过去进行时,表同步动作,故选 B。
4.(2025・四川成都・二模)We have known each other ________ we were children.
A.since B.when C.until
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们从小就认识彼此。
考查连词辨析。since 自从;when 当…… 时;until 直到。since 引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句常用现在完成时,符合本句时态结构,故选 A。
5.(2025・河南洛阳・模拟预测)The students stopped talking ________ the teacher came into the classroom.
A.until B.when C.before
【答案】B
【详解】句意:老师走进教室时,学生们停止了讲话。
考查连词辨析。until 直到;when 当…… 时;before 在…… 之前。此处表示某个时间点发生的动作,用 when 引导从句,故选 B。
6.(2025・河北保定・一模)I didn’t stop working ________ it was midnight.
A.unless B.until C.since
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我一直工作到午夜才停下来。
考查连词辨析。unless 除非;until 直到;since 自从。固定搭配 not...until... 表示 “直到…… 才……”,是时间状语从句高频考点,故选 B。
7.(2025・浙江温州・模拟预测)________ the rain stops, we will go out for a walk.
A.As soon as B.While C.Because
【答案】A
【详解】句意:雨一停,我们就出去散步。
考查连词辨析。as soon as 一…… 就……;while 当…… 时候;because 因为。本句遵循 “主将从现” 规则,结合句意选 as soon as,故选 A。
8.(2025・陕西西安・二模)It has been five years ________ I moved to this city.
A.when B.since C.after
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我搬到这座城市已经五年了。
考查连词辨析。when 当…… 时;since 自从;after 在…… 之后。固定句型 It has been + 时间段 + since...,从句使用一般过去时,故选 B。
9.(2025・江苏南通・模拟预测)Please stay here ________ your parents come back.
A.until B.though C.if
【答案】A
【详解】句意:请待在这里,直到你的父母回来。
考查连词辨析。until 直到;though 虽然;if 如果。结合句意,此处表示动作持续到某个时间为止,故选 A。
10.(2025・湖北武汉・一模)I met an old friend ________ I was walking along the street yesterday.
A.while B.since C.until
【答案】A
【详解】句意:昨天我在街上散步的时候,遇到了一位老朋友。
考查连词辨析。while 当…… 时,后接延续性动作;since 自从;until 直到。walk 为延续性动词,从句用过去进行时,用 while 引导,故选 A。
(4) 条件状语从句
【知识精讲】
连词(短语)
含义及用法
例句
if
“如果”;从句用一般现在时,主句通常用一般将来时
If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
unless
“如果不;除非”;unless可以转化为if…not…结构。主从句时态与if用法一致
Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well.
as long as
“只要”;主从句时态与if用法一致
As long as you tell me the truth, I'll try to help you.
条件状语从句的时态规则
(1)主将从现:主句将来时,从句一般现在时
If he comes, I will tell him.(如果他来,我会告诉他。)
(2)主情从现:主句情态动词,从句一般现在时
If you work hard, you can succeed.(如果你努力工作,你能成功。)
(3)主祈从现:主句祈使句,从句一般现在时
If you see him, tell him to call me.(如果你见到他,告诉他给我打电话。)
易错提醒
条件状语从句可以简化为:
Without air, we could not live.(如果没有空气,我们不能生存。)
= If there were no air, we could not live.
技巧点拨
一、核心逻辑:判从句,辨逻辑,定时态
解题关键是先判断从句为条件关系,再结合引导词和时态规则匹配选项,排除语法、逻辑错误项。
二、解题步骤(三步走)
1. 识引导词,定条件逻辑
题干 / 选项中出现表条件的引导词,即为条件状语从句,常见词及逻辑:
if(如果)、unless(除非 = if not)、as long as(只要):表条件假设;
in case(万一):表预防条件。
2. 守时态规则,匹配时态
核心遵循主将从现,结合主句时态判断从句时态:
主句为一般将来时 / 含情态动词(can/may/will):从句用一般现在时;
主句为一般过去时:从句用过去相关时态(一般过去时 / 过去完成时);
客观真理 / 事实:从句用一般现在时。
3. 排干扰项,避易错点
排除引导词误用:unless 表否定条件,勿与 if 混淆;
排除语序错误:从句用陈述语序,勿用疑问语序;
排除时态矛盾:主句过去时,从句勿用一般将来时。
三、速记口诀
条件从句看引导,unless 替换 if not 记牢;主将从现是准则,时态一致不混淆;陈述语序记心间,干扰选项快速排。
【典例破题】
1.(2026·福建福州·一模)You can complete the task successfully ________ you follow the steps.
A.as much as B.as well as C.as long as
【答案】C
【详解】句意:只要你按照步骤来,你就能成功完成这个任务。
考查连词短语辨析。as much as 和……一样多;as well as 和……一样好,也;as long as 只要。根据句意,前后是条件关系,表示“只要按照步骤,就能成功完成任务”,应选用表示条件的连词短语 as long as。故选C。
2.(2026·上海闵行·一模)Mum won’t use that smart kitchen ________ it can be controlled by her voice easily.
A.unless B.so that C.because D.when
【答案】A
【详解】句意:妈妈不会使用那个智能厨房,除非它能轻松地用她的声音控制。
考查连词辨析。unless除非;so that以便;because因为;when当……时。根据“Mum won’t use that smart kitchen…it can be controlled by her voice easily”可知,妈妈使用智能厨房的条件是“它能轻松地用她的声音控制”,即“除非能这样,否则不用”,表示条件关系。故选A。
【巩固提升】
1.(2025・江西南昌・模拟预测)He didn’t go to school yesterday ________ he was ill.
A.because B.so C.but
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他昨天没去上学,因为他生病了。
考查连词辨析。because 因为,引导原因状语从句;so 所以,表结果;but 但是,表转折。前后句为因果关系,后半句是原因,故选 A。
2.(2025・云南昆明・一模)You will miss the bus ________ you hurry up.
A.if B.unless C.though
【答案】B
【详解】句意:除非你快点,否则你会赶不上公交车。
考查连词辨析。if 如果;unless 除非,如果不;though 虽然。结合语境,此处表示否定条件,故选 B。
3.(2025・山东青岛・模拟预测)________ everyone is here, let’s start our meeting.
A.Since B.Until C.If
【答案】A
【详解】句意:既然所有人都到了,我们开始开会吧。
考查连词辨析。since 既然,引导原因状语从句,语气较为委婉;until 直到;if 如果。根据句意可知前半句给出原因,故选 A。
4.(2025・广西南宁・二模)I will help you ________ I have free time.
A.while B.if C.though
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果我有空,我就会帮你。
考查连词辨析。while 当…… 时候;if 如果,引导条件状语从句;though 虽然。本句为条件关系,遵循 “主将从现” 规则,故选 B。
5.(2025・辽宁沈阳・模拟预测)She cried ________ she felt very sad.
A.when B.because C.if
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她哭了,因为她感到非常难过。
考查连词辨析。when 当…… 时候;because 因为,引出事情发生的原因;if 如果。前后存在明显因果逻辑,故选 B。
6.(2025・海南海口・一模)You can’t pass the exam ________ you work hard.
A.unless B.because C.since
【答案】A
【详解】句意:除非你努力学习,否则你无法通过考试。
考查连词辨析。unless 除非;because 因为;since 自从 / 既然。此处表达反向条件,符合 unless 的用法,故选 A。
7.(2025・安徽合肥・模拟预测)We stayed at home ________ it rained heavily outside.
A.though B.because C.before
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们待在了家里,因为外面下着大雨。
考查连词辨析。though 虽然;because 因为,引导原因状语从句;before 在…… 之前。下雨是待在家中的原因,故选 B。
8.(2025・山西太原・二模)________ it is cold outside, put on your coat.
A.If B.Since C.Until
【答案】B
【详解】句意:既然外面很冷,就穿上你的外套吧。
考查连词辨析。if 如果;since 既然,用于引出显而易见的原因;until 直到。结合语境,此处用 since 引导原因,故选 B。
9.(2025・吉林长春・模拟预测)I won’t go to the party ________ my mother allows me.
A.if B.unless C.when
【答案】B
【详解】句意:除非妈妈允许,否则我不会去参加派对。
考查连词辨析。if 如果;unless 除非;when 当…… 时候。本句表达否定条件,故选 B。
10.(2025・贵州贵阳・一模)He likes reading ________ there are many interesting books.
A.because B.so C.and
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他喜欢阅读,因为有很多有趣的书籍。
考查连词辨析。because 因为,表原因;so 所以,表结果;and 并且,表并列。后半句解释喜欢阅读的缘由,故选 A。
(5) 原因状语从句
【知识精讲】
连词
含义及用法
例句
because
“因为”;常用来回答由why引导的一般疑问句;不能与so连用
I'd like to join the Music Club because I can play the piano.
since
“因为;既然”;语气比because弱
Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little babies.
as
“因为;由于”;语气比since弱
As you were out, I left a message.
技巧点拨
一、核心逻辑:找标志,辨逻辑,选连词
解题关键是通过句意判断因果关系,匹配对应的原因引导词,排除逻辑矛盾和用法错误的选项。
二、解题步骤(三步走)
1. 识引导词,定因果逻辑
题干出现表 “因为、由于、既然” 等含义的引导词,即为原因状语从句,常见词及用法:
because(因为):语气最强,直接回答 why 提问,可用于强调句;
since(既然):双方已知的原因,语气较弱;
as(由于):显而易见的原因,语气最弱;
now that(既然):强调现在的已知原因。
2. 看语境,选正确引导词
问 “为什么” 并直接解释原因:优先选 because;
双方都知道的原因:选 since;
显而易见的原因:选 as;
强调现在的新原因:选 now that。
3. 排干扰项,避易错点
排除 because 与 so 连用:because 表原因,so 表结果,二者不可同用;
排除引导词混淆:since 还可表时间,需结合语境区分;
排除语序错误:从句用陈述语序,勿用疑问语序。
三、速记口诀
原因从句看引导,because 答 why 最分明;since 表已知,as 表显然;because so 不碰头,陈述语序记心间。
【典例破题】
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期末)________ our topic is about protecting the ocean, I plan to start our report with Blue Planet.
A.Since B.Although C.While D.Unless
【答案】A
【详解】句意:既然我们的主题是关于保护海洋,我计划以《蓝色星球》开始我们的报告。
考查连词辨析。Since既然/由于;Although尽管;While当……时/虽然;Unless除非。前半句“我们的主题是关于保护海洋”是后半句“我计划以《蓝色星球》开始报告”的原因或理由,因此应选用表示原因的连词。Since 在此处意为“既然”,符合逻辑。故选A。
2.(25-26九年级上·安徽合肥·期中)Museums are becoming more popular ______ people want to learn more about culture and history.
A.until B.unless C.as D.although
【答案】C
【详解】句意:博物馆正变得越来越受欢迎,因为人们想更多地了解文化和历史。
考查连词辨析。until直到;unless除非;as因为;although虽然。分析句子可知,“people want to learn more about culture and history”是“Museums are becoming more popular”的原因,as有“因为”的意思,引导原因状语从句,符合语境。故选C。
【巩固提升】
1.(2025・江苏苏州・模拟预测)I didn’t go running this morning ________ the wind was too strong.
A.because B.though C.if
【答案】A
【详解】句意:今早我没有去跑步,因为风太大了。
考查连词辨析。because 因为,引导原因状语从句;though 虽然,表让步;if 如果,表条件。后句是前句动作发生的原因,故选 A。
2.(2025・浙江嘉兴・一模)________ you know the truth, I won’t hide anything from you.
A.Since B.Until C.While
【答案】A
【详解】句意:既然你已经知道真相了,我就不瞒你了。
考查连词辨析。since 既然,引导显而易见的原因;until 直到;while 当…… 时候。根据句意可知此处引出原因,故选 A。
3.(2025・广东佛山・模拟预测)He failed the exam ________ he didn’t study hard.
A.so B.because C.but
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他考试不及格,因为他学习不努力。
考查连词辨析。so 所以,表结果;because 因为,表原因;but 但是,表转折。后半句解释考试失利的原因,故选 B。
4.(2025・山东潍坊・二模)We decided to walk home ________ there was no bus left.
A.as B.when C.unless
【答案】A
【详解】句意:因为没有公交车了,我们决定步行回家。
考查连词辨析。as 由于、因为,引导原因状语从句;when 当…… 时;unless 除非。本句前后为因果关系,故选 A。
5.(2025・湖北宜昌・模拟预测)She speaks English very well ________ she practices every day.
A.if B.because C.though
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她英语说得很好,因为她每天都练习。
考查连词辨析。if 如果;because 因为;though 虽然。每天练习是英语说得好的原因,故选 B。
6.(2025・四川绵阳・一模)________ everyone is ready, let’s start the game now.
A.Because B.Since C.Before
【答案】B
【详解】句意:既然大家都准备好了,我们现在开始游戏吧。
考查连词辨析。because 侧重直接因果;since 既然,侧重已知、显而易见的原因;before 在…… 之前。结合语境选 since,故选 B。
7.(2025・湖南株洲・模拟预测)Tom stayed in bed all day ________ he had a bad cold.
A.until B.because C.after
【答案】B
【详解】句意:汤姆一整天都躺在床上,因为他得了重感冒。
考查连词辨析。until 直到;because 因为;after 在…… 之后。感冒是卧床的原因,故选 B。
8.(2025・河南安阳・二模)________ it is raining outside, we have to stay indoors.
A.As B.If C.Though
【答案】A
【详解】句意:由于外面在下雨,我们只能待在室内。
考查连词辨析。as 由于,引导原因状语从句,语气较弱;if 如果;though 虽然。下雨是待在室内的原因,故选 A。
9.(2025・河北唐山・模拟预测)I like this story ________ it is very moving.
A.because B.so C.or
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我喜欢这个故事,因为它十分感人。
考查连词辨析。because 因为;so 所以;or 否则、或者。后半句说明喜欢故事的缘由,故选 A。
10.(2025・陕西宝鸡・一模)He must be tired ________ he has worked for twelve hours.
A.since B.when C.while
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他一定累了,因为他已经工作十二个小时了。
考查连词辨析。since 在此处表示 “因为”,用于推测原因;when/while 均引导时间状语从句。结合语境可知选 A。
第一部分 单项选择(10 题)
1. Could you tell me ________ the nearest supermarket is?
A. what B. where C. when
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你能告诉我最近的超市在哪里吗?
考查宾语从句引导词。what 什么;where 哪里;when 何时。从句询问地点,用 where 引导宾语从句,故选 B。
2. This is the book ________ my mother bought for me last week.
A. who B. which C. what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这就是我妈妈上周给我买的那本书。
考查定语从句关系词。先行词 the book 是物品,关系代词用 which/that;who 指代人,what 不能引导定语从句,故选 B。
3. I will go hiking with you ________ I finish my homework.
A. as soon as B. though C. but
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我一写完作业就和你去徒步。
考查时间状语从句。as soon as 一…… 就……,引导时间状语从句;though 虽然;but 但是。结合句意选 A。
4. He didn’t go to bed ________ his father came back home.
A. if B. until C. because
【答案】B
【详解】句意:直到爸爸回家,他才上床睡觉。
考查时间状语从句。固定结构 not...until... 意为 “直到…… 才……”,为高频考点,故选 B。
5. I don’t know ________ he will come to the party or not.
A. if B. whether C. that
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我不知道他是否会来参加派对。
考查宾语从句。引导宾语从句且后面出现 or not 时,只能用 whether,不能用 if,故选 B。
6.We stayed at home ________ it rained heavily outside.
A. because B. so C. though
【答案】A
【详解】句意:因为外面下大雨,我们就待在了家里。
考查原因状语从句。because 因为,引导原因状语从句;so 所以;though 虽然。后句是前句的原因,故选 A。
7. The girl ________ is standing by the window is my classmate.
A. who B. which C. whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意:站在窗边的那个女孩是我的同学。
考查定语从句关系词。先行词 the girl 指人,关系代词用 who;which 指代物,whose 表所属关系,故选 A。
8. You will fail the exam ________ you study hard from now on.
A. if B. unless C. when
【答案】B
【详解】句意:除非你从现在开始努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。
考查条件状语从句。unless 意为 “除非,如果不”,引导否定条件;if 如果;when 当…… 时,故选 B。
9. She asked me ________ I could help her with her English.
A. that B. if C. what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她问我是否可以帮她补习英语。
考查宾语从句。if 意为 “是否”,引导表疑问的宾语从句;that 引导陈述句,无词义;what 在从句中作成分,故选 B。
10. ________ everyone is here, let’s begin our class.
A. Since B. While C. Until
【答案】A
【详解】句意:既然所有人都到齐了,我们开始上课吧。
考查原因状语从句。since 此处意为 “既然”,引导显而易见的原因;while 当…… 时;until 直到,故选 A。
第二部分 单句填空(10 题,每空一词)
根据句意及从句用法,填入合适的引导词。
1. I know ________ he is a good student.
【答案】that
【详解】考查宾语从句。从句句意完整、不缺成分,用 that 引导,that 无词义,可省略。
2. This is the pen ________ I lost yesterday.
【答案】which /that
【详解】考查定语从句。先行词 the pen 是物品,关系代词可用 which 或 that,在从句中作宾语。
3. I was reading books ________ my mother came in.
【答案】when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。when 引导时间状语从句,可表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作突然出现。
4. He didn’t go out ________ the weather was bad.
【答案】because
【详解】考查原因状语从句。后半句解释不出门的原因,用 because 引导。
5. Could you tell me ________ the bank is?
【答案】where
【详解】考查宾语从句。从句询问地点,用 where 引导。
6. I will wait for you ________ you finish your work.
【答案】until
【详解】考查时间状语从句。until 意为 “直到…… 为止”,符合句意。
7. The man ________ helped me just now is my teacher.
【答案】who /that
【详解】考查定语从句。先行词 the man 指人,关系代词用 who 或 that,在从句中作主语。
8. You will feel cold ________ you put on more clothes.
【答案】unless
【详解】考查条件状语从句。unless 表示 “除非,如果不”,引导否定条件。
9. I wonder ________ he will arrive tomorrow.
【答案】if /whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。从句表疑问 “是否”,可用 if 或 whether 引导。
10. ________ you finish your homework first, you can watch TV.
【答案】If
【详解】考查条件状语从句。if 意为 “如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循 “主将从现”。
第三部分 语法填空(1 篇,共 10 空)
阅读短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空白处填入一个适当的词。
Hello, everyone! I have a good friend 1.______ name is Lily. She is a lovely girl 2.______ comes from Canada. I still remember 3.______ I met her for the first time. It was three years ago 4.______ we studied in the same class.
Lily likes Chinese very much 5.______ she thinks it is interesting. She always asks me 6.______ she can learn Chinese well. I tell her 7.______ she needs to practice more. She will keep learning 8.______ she goes back to her country.
I believe 9.______ our friendship will last forever. We will be good friends 10.______ we meet difficulties in the future.
【答案】1.whose
【详解】考查定语从句。whose 表所属关系,引导定语从句,故选 whose。
【答案】2.who /that
【详解】考查定语从句。先行词指人,who/that 可引导定语从句并作主语,故选 who /that。
【答案】3.when
【详解】考查宾语从句。when 意为 “…… 的时候”,引导宾语从句,故选 when。
【答案】4.when
【详解】考查时间状语从句。when 意为 “当…… 时”,引导时间状语从句,故选 when。
【答案】5.because
【详解】考查原因状语从句。because 意为 “因为”,引导原因状语从句,故选 because。
【答案】6.if /whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。if/whether 意为 “是否”,引导表疑问的宾语从句,故选 if /whether。
【答案】7.that
【详解】考查宾语从句。从句句意完整,that 引导宾语从句,无实义,故选 that。
【答案】8.until
【详解】考查时间状语从句。until 意为 “直到…… 为止”,引导时间状语从句,故选 until。
【答案】9.that
【详解】考查宾语从句。that 引导陈述句类型的宾语从句,故选 that。
【答案】10.though /although
【详解】考查让步状语从句。though/although 意为 “虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,故选 though /although。
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