英语期末复习基础过关•语法关2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦七年级下册核心语法，通过基础填空与句式转换结合系统知识点清单及速记口诀，构建“概念-结构-应用”递进逻辑，强化语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |名词|单复数转换/不规则变化|速记口诀+表格归纳|从规则到不规则变化递进| |现在进行时|时态填空/句式转换|标志词识别+结构公式|概念→结构→疑问句/否定句推导| |一般过去时|动词填空/时间提问|规则/不规则变化表+Did用法口诀|时间标志→动词变化→句式转换逻辑| |祈使句|肯定/否定转换|Don't+原形/No+doing规则|从请求到禁止的功能拓展|

七年级下册英语期末复习基础过关•语法关 一、名词 (Nouns) A. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. For breakfast, my father usually eats two ________(egg) and some ________(bread). 2. There are many ________(bus) and ________(car) on the street during rush hour. 3. We need to buy some ________(rice) and three kilos of ________(potato) for dinner. 4. Look! Two ________(woman) are feeding the ________(goose) by the lake. 5. In autumn, the yellow ________(leaf) fall down from the ________(tree). B. 按要求完成句子。 6. That is a nice knife.（改为复数句） Those are nice ________. 7. The boy is playing soccer on the playground.（改为复数句） The ________ are playing soccer on the playground. 8. There is a tomato on the table.（用 some 改为复数句） There are ________ on the table. 9. This is her new watch.（改为复数句） These are ________ ________ ________. 二、频度副词 (Adverbs of Frequency) A. 选词填空，每词限用一次。 always, usually, sometimes, hardly ever, never 1. Jerry likes reading very much. He ________ reads books after school. 2. My uncle lives in the USA, so I ________ see him. Maybe once a year. 3. It ________ rains here in winter, but it often snows. 4. —Do you often go shopping on weekdays? —No, I ________ do that on Sundays. 5. Tim is a good student. He is ________ late for class. B. 按要求完成句子。 6. My parents usually go for a walk after dinner.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ do your parents go for a walk after dinner? 7. She hardly ever watches movies on her phone.（改为同义句） She ________ watches movies on her phone. 8. 我每周锻炼三次。（根据汉语意思完成句子） I exercise ________ ________ ________ ______. 三、情态动词 (Modal Verbs) A. 选词填空，每词限用一次。 can, must, may, can't, have to 1. —________ I come in? —Sure, please. 2. Students ________ listen to the teacher carefully in class. 3. You ________ ride a bike to school. It's too far from your home. 4. It's getting dark. I ________ go home now. 5. —________ I borrow your ruler? —Of course. Here you are. B. 按要求完成句子。 6. You must finish your homework before dinner.（改为否定句） You ________ ________ finish your homework before dinner. 7. Can Lucy speak Japanese?（作否定回答） ________, she ________. 8. We must keep the classroom clean.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ we ________? 9. You can't run in the hallway.（同义句转换） ________ ________ in the hallway. 四、名词性物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns) A. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. —Is this red pen yours? —No, ________(my) is black. 2. This is not their schoolbag. ________(their) is over there. 3. This cute dog is ________(our). We love it very much. 4. The blue jacket is his, and the white one is ________(her). 5. Mr. Li showed ________(we) some photos of his trip to Tibet. B. 按要求完成句子。 6. This is my new bike.（改为同义句） This new bike is ________. 7. Are those crayons theirs?（改为同义句） Are those ________ ________? 8. 这是你的橡皮吗？我的在铅笔盒里。（根据汉语意思完成句子） Is this eraser ________? ________ is in the pencil box. 五、现在进行时 (The Present Continuous Tense) A. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Be quiet! The baby ________(sleep) in the bedroom. 2. —Listen! Who ________(play) the violin in the next room? —It sounds beautiful. 3. Look at the photo! My parents ________(drink) tea in the yard. 4. It’s 7:30 p.m. My family ________(have) dinner together. 5. The students ________(read) English aloud now. Don’t disturb them. 6. Look! The boys ________(run) on the playground. 7. Please turn down the music. I ________(do) my homework. 8. —Where is Sarah? —She ________(wash) her clothes in the bathroom. 9. It’s starting to rain. Look! Everyone ________(carry) an umbrella. B. 按要求完成句子。 10. Tom is writing a letter in his room.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ Tom ________ in his room? 11. They are cleaning the windows now.（改为一般疑问句） ________ they ________ the windows now? 12. My sister is doing her homework at the moment.（改为否定句） My sister ________ ________ her homework at the moment. 六、一般过去时 (The Simple Past Tense) A. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. We ________(visit) the Great Wall last summer holiday. 2. He ________(go) to school by bike yesterday because his dad’s car broke down. 3. I ________(spend) two hours playing basketball with my friends last Sunday. 4. The students ________(stop) talking when the teacher came into the classroom. 5. She ________(not watch) TV last night. She read a book instead. 6. Who ________(ride) the horse on the farm two days ago? 7. I ________(be) very happy at my birthday party last week. 8. They ________(study) for the math test last night. 9. My brother ________(fall) off his bike and hurt his knee yesterday afternoon. B. 按要求完成句子。 10. I flew a kite in the park yesterday.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ you ________ in the park yesterday? 11. He did his homework at 8:00 p.m. last night.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ he ________ his homework last night? 12. Were there any apples on the table?（作否定回答） ________, ________ ________. 七、祈使句 (Imperative Sentences) 按要求完成下列各题。 1. open, window, the, please（连词成句） __________________________________________________. 2. You must look out for the cars when you cross the street.（改为祈使句） ________ ________ for the cars when you cross the street. 3. Let’s go to the zoo this weekend.（改为同义句） ________ ________ go to the zoo this weekend? 4. Remember to bring your passport.（改为同义句） ________ ________ your passport. 5. 请不要在墙上画画。（根据汉语意思完成句子） ________ ________ on the wall, please. 6. You shouldn’t eat too much candy.（改为祈使句） ________ ________ too much candy. 7. Help your parents with housework, ________ ________?（改为反意疑问句） 八、选择疑问句 (Alternative Questions) 按要求完成下列各题。 1. Do you like action movies? Do you like comedies?（用or合并为一句） ________ you like action movies ________ comedies? 2. would, tea, like, you, coffee, or（连词成句） __________________________________________________? 3. 你要买这本故事书还是那本漫画书？（根据汉语意思完成句子） ________ you ________ to buy this storybook ________ that comic book? 4. Is your cousin tall? Is he short?（改为选择疑问句） ________ your cousin tall ________ short? 参考答案 1、 名词 A. 1. eggs; bread 2. buses; cars 3. rice; potatoes 4. women; geese 5. leaves; trees B. 6. knives 7. boys 8. some tomatoes 9. her new watches 二、频度副词 A. 1. always 2. hardly ever 3. sometimes 4. usually 5. never B. 6. How often 7. seldom / rarely 8. three times a week 三、情态动词 A. 1. May / Can 2. must 3. can't 4. have to 5. May / Can B. 6. don't have to 7. No; can't 8. What must; do 9. Don't run 四、名词性物主代词 A. 1. mine 2. Theirs 3. ours 4. hers 5. us B. 6. mine 7. their crayons 8. yours; Mine 五、现在进行时 A. 1. is sleeping 2. is playing 3. are drinking 4. are having 5. are reading 6. are running 7. am doing 8. is washing 9. is carrying B. 10. What is; doing 11. Are; cleaning 12. isn't doing 六、一般过去时 A. 1. visited 2. went 3. spent 4. stopped 5. didn't watch 6. rode 7. was 8. studied 9. fell B. 10. What did; do 11. When did; do 12. No; there weren't 七、祈使句 1. Please open the window. / Open the window, please. 2. Look out 3. Shall we / Why not 4. Don't forget 5. Don't draw / Don't paint 6. Don't eat 7. will you 8、 选择疑问句 1. Do; or 2. Would you like tea or coffee? 3. Do; want; or 4. Is; or 语法知识点清单 一、现在进行时 (Unit 6) 概念：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。 结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他). 句式 结构公式 示例 肯定句​ 主语 + am/is/are​ + doing... She is reading​ a book now. 否定句​ 主语 + am/is/are + not​ + doing... She is not (isn't) reading​ now. 一般疑问句​ Am/Is/Are​ + 主语 + doing...? Is​ she reading​ now? 回答​ Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. No, 主语 + am/is/are not. Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. 标志词（必背）： • now (现在)• look (看)• listen (听)• at the moment (此刻) 动词-ing形式变化规则： 1. 一般情况加 -ing: play → playing 2. 不发音e结尾，去e加 -ing: write → writing; make → making 3. 重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母加 -ing: run → running; swim → swimming; sit → sitting 二、一般过去时 (Unit 11-12) 概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 (+ 其他). 句式 结构公式 示例 肯定句​ 主语 + 动词过去式... I visited​ my grandma yesterday. 否定句​ 主语 + didn't + 动词原形... I didn't visit​ my grandma. 一般疑问句​ Did​ + 主语 + 动词原形...? Did​ you visit​ your grandma? 回答​ Yes, 主语 + did. No, 主语 + didn't. Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. Be动词过去式​ I/He/She/It was; We/You/They were​ I was​ tired last night. 标志词（必背）： • yesterday (昨天)• last night/week/month (昨晚/上周/上个月) • ...ago (...以前，如 two days ago)• just now (刚才) • in 2010 / on Monday (过去的具体时间) 两大难点： 1. Did 后面用原形：一旦句子用了 Did 提问或 Didn't 否定，后面的动词必须恢复原形。 2. 不规则动词变化：必须死记硬背（如 go-went, have-had, see-saw, eat-ate, buy-bought, take-took）。 三、祈使句 (Unit 4) 概念：用来表示请求、命令、建议、禁止或劝告。 特点：通常省略主语 You，谓语动词用原形。 类型 结构公式 示例 肯定祈使句​ 动词原形​ + 其他. Open​ the door, please. 否定祈使句​ Don't + 动词原形​ + 其他. Don't open​ the window. No开头的警告​ No + 名词 / doing​ No photos. (禁止拍照) No smoking. (禁止吸烟) Let型​ Let + 宾语 + 动词原形​ Let's​ go home. (让我们回家吧) 易错点： • Please 放在句首或句尾都可以，使语气更委婉。 • Let's 的反意疑问句用 shall we? (Let's go, shall we?) 四、选择疑问句 (Unit 1, 6) 概念：提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种回答。 结构：一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 + or + 选项? 类型 例句 回答方式 以一般疑问句开头​ Do you like apples or bananas? Apples. (不能说 Yes, I do.) 以特殊疑问句开头​ Which​ would you like, tea or​ coffee? Tea, please. 以Be动词开头​ Is he tall or​ short? He is tall. 核心规则： • 不能用 Yes/No 回答！ • 语调：前面的选项用升调，最后一个选项用降调。 五、名词 & 代词 (贯穿全书) 1. 名词复数不规则变化 (Unit 8, 10) 单数 复数 例词 foot feet My feet​ hurt. tooth teeth Brush your teeth. child children Three children. man men Two men. woman women Three women. sheep sheep Many sheep. leaf leaves Yellow leaves. potato/tomato potatoes/tomatoes Some potatoes. 2. 名词性物主代词 (Unit 3) 功能：相当于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”，后面不能再接名词。 形容词性 (My book) 名词性 (Mine) 中文 my mine​ 我的 your yours​ 你的 his his​ 他的 her hers​ 她的 its its​ 它的 our ours​ 我们的 their theirs​ 他们的 六、情态动词 (Unit 4) 特点：不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形。 单词 含义 例句 can​ 能，会 (表能力)；可以 (表许可) I can​ swim. may​ 可以 (表礼貌请求) May​ I come in? must​ 必须 (表主观命令) You must​ wear a uniform. have to​ 不得不 (表客观需要) I have to​ finish homework now. mustn't​ 禁止 You mustn't​ run here. can't​ 不能 (表不允许) You can't​ eat in class. 区别 Must vs. Have to： • Must 强调说话人的主观看法 (“我非要...”)。 • Have to 强调客观环境的迫使 (“不得不...”)。 速记口诀 一、现在进行时 (The Present Continuous Tense) 标志词：now, look, listen, at the moment 结构：am/is/are + 动词-ing 【速记口诀】 现在进行很好记，be动词后面加-ing。 Look! Listen! 是提醒，Now 和 At the moment 常相伴。 变疑问，be提前；变否定，be后加not要记牢。 【易错点提醒】 1. be动词的选择：我用am，你用are，is连着他她它。 2. 动词变-ing： 一般直接加 (play→playing)。 以e结尾去e加 (write→writing)。 重读闭音节，双写尾字母再加 (run→running, swim→swimming, sit→sitting)。 二、一般过去时 (The Simple Past Tense) 标志词：yesterday, last night/week, ...ago, in 2023, just now 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 【速记口诀】 一般过去并不难，表示过去某时间。 句中谓语用过去式，规则动词加ed。 遇到无规律，一定要硬记 (go→went, have→had, see→saw)。 否定句，很简单，Didn't 后面接原形。 疑问句，Did 提前，动词还原莫迟疑。 【易错点提醒】 1. Did 后面用原形：无论主语是谁，只要有了 Did 或 Didn't，后面的动词必须变回原形 (do)。 2. Was/Were 用法：I/He/She/It 用 Was；We/You/They 用 Were。 3. 不规则动词：这是考试的“重灾区”，务必熟背课本后面的不规则动词表（如 go-went, do-did, see-saw, eat-ate, buy-bought）。 三、祈使句 (Imperative Sentences) 用途：命令、请求、建议、禁止。 特点：通常省略主语 You，以动词原形开头。 【速记口诀】 祈使句，无主语，谓语动词用原形。 表示请求或命令，加上Please更客气。 想要变否定，Don't 开头最流行。 No 后面加 doing，警告标志看得清 (No smoking!)。 Let's 开头表建议，“让我们”后面跟原形。 【易错点提醒】 1. Don't 后接原形：Don't 后面必须跟动词原形，不能加 -s 或 -ing。 2. Let's vs Let us：考试通常考 Let's (让我们)，反意疑问句用 shall we?。 四、选择疑问句 (Alternative Questions) 结构：一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 + or + 选项? 语调：前升后降。 回答：不能用 Yes/No 回答，必须选择其一或直接回答具体内容。 【速记口诀】 选择问句不难办，Or 连接两个选项。 朗读语调要注意，前升后降别乱喊。 回答坚决不摇头（不用Yes/No），直接说出答案才算完。 【易错点提醒】 错误示范：—Are you a student or a teacher? —Yes, I am. (❌) 正确示范：—Are you a student or a teacher? —I'm a student. (✅) 或 A student. (✅) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $