专题 03 阅读理解 （期末复习专项训练）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 按应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文+新闻报告分类，精选各地期末真题，系统覆盖不同语篇阅读技能，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |应用文|4篇，含广州越秀、甘肃临夏等期末真题|细节理解、信息比对、语篇来源判断|聚焦实用信息定位，强化快速检索能力| |记叙文|4篇，含广州天河、福建莆田等期末真题|事件排序、人物性格分析、主旨归纳|关注叙事线索与情感态度，培养逻辑推理| |说明文|6篇，含广东汕头、天津河东等期末真题|概念理解、推理判断、标题拟定|注重说明方法与逻辑结构，提升抽象思维| |议论文+新闻报告|4篇，含广东天河、天津南开等期末真题|观点辨析、作者态度、写作目的|强化论证思路分析，发展批判性思维|

专题03 阅读理解（期末复习专项训练） 语篇类型一: 应用文（4篇） Passage 1 1．D 2．A 3．A Passage 2 1．B 2．D 3．A Passage 3 1．B 2．A 3．C Passage 4 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 语篇类型二: 记叙文（4篇） Passage 1 1．C 2．A 3．D Passage 2 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A Passage 3 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C Passage 4 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 语篇类型三: 说明文（6篇） Passage 1 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D Passage 2 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A Passage 3 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C Passage 4 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D Passage 5 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B Passage 6 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 语篇类型四: 议论文+ 文体（4篇） Passage 1 1．C 2．D 3．C Passage 2 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A Passage 3 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B Passage 4 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C Passage 1 1．C 2．D 3．D Passage 2 1．C 2．D 3．B Passage 3 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A Passage 4 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B Passage 5 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C Passage 6 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（期末复习专项训练） 语篇类型一: 应用文（4篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市越秀区·期末） Guangdong is home to many excellent birdwatching destinations, from coastal flats to quiet wetlands. Here are four must-visit destinations for bird enthusiasts to capture the beauty of migratory birds in their natural habitat. Haizhu Wetland, Guangzhou Located in the heart of Guangzhou, Haizhu Wetland serves as the city’s green lungs, with rich water networks and abundant birdlife. After years of ecological restoration, it has become a crucial stop for migratory birds. Over 200 bird species can be observed here, making it a must-visit for nature enthusiasts. Recently, a rare ruddy shelduck was recorded in the area. Shenzhen Bay Park Shenzhen Bay’s coastal wetlands are home to abundant fish and shrimp, making it an ideal feeding ground for migratory birds. From October to May, tens of thousands of migratory birds, including the black-faced spoonbill, tufted duck, and northern shoveler, stop here. This park is not only a birdwatcher’s paradise but also a scenic spot for visitors to enjoy seaside views. Xinghu National Wetland Park, Zhaoqing Xinghu National Wetland Park, with its numerous islands, vast water areas, and abundant fish and shrimp, provides an ideal feeding ground for migratory birds. From October to April, the area attracts flocks of migratory birds alongside resident species like the white egret. Visitors can enjoy breathtaking views of flocks of herons (鹭) in flight while cruising past the wild bird islands. Bird’s Paradise National Wetland Park, Jiangmen Famously described as the “Bird Paradise” by renowned author Ba Jin, Bird’s Paradise National Wetland Park is not only a natural birdwatching haven, but also the largest heron breeding ground in South China, with thousands hatched here annually. Its centerpiece—a 400-year-old water banyan tree—has grown into a 13,000 m² forest, home to tens of thousands of birds. During the breeding season in March and April, many visitors take boat tours along the river to witness Ba Jin’s poetic descriptions. 1．What unique feature does Haizhu wetland offer to birdwatchers? A．A 400-year-old water banyan tree. B．Boat tours during March and April. C．Coastal wetlands with abundant fish and shrimp. D．Over 200 bird species and a rare ruddy shelduck. 2．What do Shenzhen Bay Park and Xinghu National Wetland Park have in common? A．Their wetlands offer abundant food resources. B．They both have clean waters and green shores. C．They are both crucial stops with rich water networks. D．Ecological restoration has made them an ideal feeding ground. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A travel magazine. B．An ecological report. C．An academic journal. D．A geography textbook. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是广东四个绝佳的观鸟胜地。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据Haizhu Wetland, Guangzhou部分“Over 200 bird species can be observed here, making it a must-visit for nature enthusiasts. Recently, a rare ruddy shelduck was recorded in the area.(在此可观测到200多种鸟类，是自然爱好者的必访之地。近日，该区域还记录到了一只罕见的赤麻鸭。)”可知，海珠国家湿地公园有超过200种鸟类和一种罕见的赤麻鸭。故选D。 1．细节理解题。根据Shenzhen Bay Park部分“Shenzhen Bay’s coastal wetlands are home to abundant fish and shrimp, making it an ideal feeding ground for migratory birds.(深圳湾的沿海湿地拥有丰富的鱼虾资源，是候鸟理想的觅食地。)”和Xinghu National Wetland Park, Zhaoqing部分“Xinghu National Wetland Park, with its numerous islands, vast water areas, and abundant fish and shrimp, provides an ideal feeding ground for migratory birds.(星湖国家湿地公园拥有众多岛屿、广阔的水域以及丰富的鱼虾资源，为候鸟提供了理想的觅食地。)”可知，这两者的共同点是它们的湿地提供了丰富的食物资源。故选A。 2．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Here are four must-visit destinations for bird enthusiasts to capture the beauty of migratory birds in their natural habitat.(以下是鸟类爱好者在自然栖息地捕捉候鸟美景的四个必去目的地。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是广东四个绝佳的观鸟胜地，因此可能来自于旅游杂志。故选A。 Passage 2（2025高二下·甘肃省临夏州·期末） College Library The Library has over 41,000 current printed books serving the needs of students, staff, and researchers. Our main library is the Working Library, which houses our modern materials. The first floor is a Reading Room that also serves as a study area. Our Library aims to provide all books needed for undergraduate Tripos Part Ⅰ papers, and as many as possible for Part Ⅱ papers. Some material may also support postgraduate studies. Opening Hours and Admission Policy Members of College are allowed access 24 hours a day, in both full term and vacation, using their University ID card. Readers are reminded not to admit nonmembers to the Library. Staff Operating Hours The Library is usually staffed 9 am – 5 pm, Monday to Friday throughout term and vacation. The library office is located on the first floor opposite the library entrance. At any time, staffing may be affected by meetings, training courses, annual leave, sickness absence and other factors, so users who need to be certain of staff help are recommended to contact Library staff in advance. Library Services Books can be borrowed and returned via the self-issue terminals in the Reading Room (instructions are provided next to the terminals) in the Working Library on the first floor. Please place returned books on the “Returned Books” carts to the left of the self-issue terminals. Alternatively you can ask a member of staff. To renew a book, please log in to your account or ask a staff member. We follow a NO FINES policy, but do fine for lost books. Borrowing rights are available to all members. Nonmembers can consult materials in the Working Library but cannot borrow. 1．When can a member seek help from a staff? A．Any time of the year. B．9 am – 5 pm on weekdays. C．Any day during the term. D．Every day except vacations. 2．What can non-members do in the Library? A．Check out limited books each time. B．Borrow books with student ID card. C．Access materials via their accounts. D．Consult books without taking them out. 3．Where can we find this text? A．On a university website. B．In a library journal. C．In a city brochure. D．On an admission notice. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大学图书馆的相关信息，包括藏书、开放时间、借阅服务等。 1．细节理解题。根据Staff Operating Hours部分中“The Library is usually staffed 9 am – 5 pm, Monday to Friday throughout term and vacation.(图书馆通常在学期和假期期间的周一至周五上午9点至下午5点安排工作人员值班)”可知，会员可以在工作日的上午9点到下午5点寻求工作人员的帮助。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Library Services部分中最后一段“Borrowing rights are available to all members. Nonmembers can consult materials in the Working Library but cannot borrow.(所有会员均享有借阅权限。非会员可在工作图书馆查阅资料，但不能借阅)”可知，非会员可以在图书馆查阅资料，但不能借出。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章的标题“College Library(大学图书馆)”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了大学图书馆的相关信息，包括藏书、开放时间、借阅服务等，这些信息通常会在大学网站上提供，以便学生和教职工了解和使用图书馆资源。因此，本文最有可能出现在大学网站上。故选A。 Passage 3（2025高二下·福建省福州市福九联盟·期末） Who was? — a series of books published by Penguin Workshop and designed for children aged from 8 to 12 — tells the incredible stories of trailblazers (开拓者), legends, innovators, and creators. The following are four books about them. Who Was Selena? As a young girl, Selena Quintanilla sang in a band called Selena Y Los Dinos with her brother and sister. The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. Selena learned how to sing in Spanish and soon became hugely popular within the Latino community — so much so that she became the best selling Latin artists of the 1990s. Who Was Chuck Jones? Charles Jones was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer and director of many classic animated cartoon shots. They starred Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Pepé Le Pew, Porky Pig and many other Warner Brothers characters. Jones won three Academy Awards and received an honorary Oscar. His career spanned almost seventy years, during which he made over 250 animated films. Who Was Leif Erikson? Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own. The wise and striking Viking landed in the area known as Vinland almost five centuries before Christopher Columbus even set sail! Who Is Ralph Lauren? Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets. He got his start in the fashion business by selling ties that he designed. From ties he went on to create a global fashion empire. 1．What is special about Selana? A．She had a very long career. B．She had a humble beginning. C．She won two Academy Awards. D．She made many animated films. 2．What played a major role in Ralph Lauren’s business success? A．His special talent. B．His great ambition. C．His childhood experience. D．His educational background. 3．Which would be the best choice for a teen with a spirit of adventure? A．Who Was Selena? B．Who Was Chuck Jones? C．Who Was Leif Erikson? D．Who Is Ralph Lauren? 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“Who Was?”系列丛书中与四个著名人物有关书籍的核心内容。 【详解】7．细节理解题。根据“Who Was Selena?”部分中“The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. (这家人曾在家乡得克萨斯州的集市、婚礼、派对以及街头角落进行表演)”可知，塞拉娜出身卑微。故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据“Who Is Ralph Lauren?”部分中“Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets.(拉尔夫·劳伦出生于布朗克斯区，早在青少年时期，他就以独特的时尚品味而闻名，喜欢经典服饰以及诸如破旧皮夹克之类的传统风格)”可知，拉尔夫·劳伦商业成功的主要因素是他的特殊才能。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Who Was Leif Erikson?”部分中“Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own.(莱夫·埃里克森天生就是个探险家。他的父亲，红色的埃里克，已经在今天的格陵兰岛建立了第一个欧洲定居点，尽管他还不知道，雷夫注定要参与他自己的冒险之旅。)”可知，莱夫·埃里克森的故事以冒险为核心，对于一个充满冒险精神的青少年来说，《Who Was Leif Erikson?》会是最佳的。故选C。 Passage4（2025高二下·天津市河东区·期末） For decades, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has played a big role in establishing and securing World Heritage Sites of cultural and natural importance. These are some sites on its World Heritage List. Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (Russia) This group of monuments is located in the historic city of Pskov. The structures, many of which are churches, were all designed by the Pskov School of Architecture. It was a leading school of building design in the country, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some elements common to Pskov architecture date back to the 12th century. Babylon (Iraq) The ancient city of Babylon was once a main tourist site before Iraq suffered several wars. The city with a history of more than 4,000 years is where dynasties have risen and fallen since the earliest days of settled human civilization. UNESCO says the site “offers a look into one of the most influential empires of the ancient world”. Writing-on-Stone (Canada) Canada’s Writing-on-Stone monument has a large number of protected rock paintings and rock carvings. Some of them are about 2,000 years old. The markings were left by Blackfoot Native Americans, who lived in parts of Western Canada and the far northern United States. The land that makes up Writing-on-Stone is filled with rock posts that have been formed into “spectacular shapes” by erosion (侵蚀). Paraty and IIha Grande (Brazil) The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island IIha Grande are already popular places for visitors to Brazil’s Rio de Janeiro state. Paraty was the end-point of the Gold Route, along which gold was shipped to Europe in the 1600s: The area is also the home to a huge number of animals, some of which are in danger now. 1．What do we know about the buildings in Pskov? A．They are merely churches. B．They are a group of ancient schools. C．Their paintings are about 2,000 years old. D．Their designs came from the same school. 2．Which of the following shows us the earliest ancient civilization? A．Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture. B．Babylon. C．Writing-on-Stone. D．Paraty and IIha Grande. 3．What can we learn from the Writing-on-Stone monument? A．It is the best-preserved monument in Canada B．It enjoys great popularity with visitors. C．It reflects the culture of the natives. D．Its markings were formed by nature. 4．What can visitors see in Paraty and IIha Grande? A．Coastal scenery. B．Shipping activities. C．Gold mining equipment. D．Rare European plants and animals. 5．What is the text meant to do? A．Call on people to recommend more ancient heritage sites. B．Inform people of basic information about UNESCO. C．Encourage people to visit four famous cities. D．Introduce four World Heritage Sites. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录中的四个遗产地及其相关信息。 【详解】10．细节理解题。根据Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (Russia)中的“The structures, many of which are churches, were all designed by the Pskov School of Architecture.(这些建筑，其中许多是教堂，均由普斯科夫建筑学派设计。)”可知，普斯科夫的建筑设计都来自同一学派。故选D项。 1．细节理解题。根据Babylon (Iraq)中的“The city with a history of more than 4,000 years is where dynasties have risen and fallen since the earliest days of settled human civilization.(这座拥有4000多年历史的城市，自人类定居文明初期以来，见证了诸多王朝的兴衰。)”可知，巴比伦展现了最早的古代文明。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Writing-on-Stone (Canada)中的“The markings were left by Blackfoot Native Americans, who lived in parts of Western Canada and the far northern United States.(这些标记是居住在加拿大西部和美国最北部部分地区的黑脚族印第安人留下的。)”可知，“石上文字”纪念碑反映了当地人的文化。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据Paraty and Ilha Grande (Brazil)中的“The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island IIha Grande are already popular places for visitors to Brazil’s Rio de Janeiro state.(历史悠久的海滨小镇帕拉蒂和格兰德岛已经是巴西里约热内卢州游客的热门去处。)”可知，帕拉蒂和格兰德岛是沿海地区，游客可以看到海岸风光。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段“For decades, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has played a big role in establishing and securing World Heritage Sites of cultural and natural importance. These are some sites on its World Heritage List.(几十年来，联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）在建立和保护具有重要文化和自然价值的世界遗产地方面发挥了重要作用。以下是其世界遗产名录中的一些遗产地。)”可知，第一段引出联合国教科文组织的世界遗产地，随后分别介绍了俄罗斯、伊拉克、加拿大和巴西的四个世界遗产地，因此本文旨在介绍四个世界遗产地。故选D项。 语篇类型二: 记叙文（4篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市天河区·期末） I never imagined that a Chinese figure would become my guiding star and the inspiration behind a global movement. In 2018, I first came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and actively participated in the university’s public welfare activities. Local people often called me “Yang Lei Feng”, which I later learned means “foreign Lei Feng”. Curious, I checked him online and discovered a young soldier known for his dedication to helping others. The more I read, the more I saw how his values matched the principles I desired to follow. Growing up in Bangladesh, I was fully aware of the challenges facing my community and my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were unpleasant realities that I witnessed firsthand. These experiences fired up my determination to contribute to positive change and ease the suffering of others. Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day — alongside young people from different countries at JUFE. Our mission is to support children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness, and enhance cross-cultural understanding. Through these efforts, we continue to keep Lei Feng’s spirit alive in a modern, global context. To know more about this young man, I traveled in 2023 to Liaoning province. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall in Fushun, the city where he spent much of his life. The exhibits — his photographs, personal belongings, and diary entries — offered a glimpse into his selflessness. Returning from the trip, on Lei Feng Day in 2023, I took a bold step to spread his legacy beyond China by launching the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. What began as a vision to promote his values internationally has since grown into a global movement, now spanning 15 countries. In a world often focused on individual success, Lei Feng’s philosophy of selflessness and community service felt more relevant than ever. His life was not about grand gestures but rather a series of small acts of kindness that, when multiplied, can create a better world for all. 1．Why did the author start the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association? A．To provide special support for children. B．To strengthen cooperation among students. C．To inspire global community service. D．To promote China-Bangladesh exchange. 2．What is the correct order of the following events? a. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall. b. I became a student of Jiangxi University in China. c. I set up Lei Feng International Volunteer Association. d. I found many people in my hometown in need of help. e. I launched the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. A．dbcae. B．dabce. C．bdcea. D．bcade. 3．Which statement does the author probably agree with? A．Be sure what you do is true to what you say. B．Always act according to what you know is right. C．Individual success is not so important today. D．Real greatness is being kind to the unimportant. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者是来自孟加拉国的留学生，受雷锋精神启发，成立“雷锋国际志愿者协会”并发起全球倡议的经历。 【详解】15．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day — alongside young people from different countries at JUFE. Our mission is to support children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness, and enhance cross-cultural understanding.(深受启发，2021年3月5日——雷锋日，我与江西财经大学来自不同国家的年轻人一起成立了雷锋国际志愿者协会。我们的使命是帮助有特殊需要的儿童、帮助老年人、提高环境意识以及增进跨文化理解。)”可知，作者成立该协会是为了推动全球社区服务。故选C项。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Growing up in Bangladesh, I was fully aware of the challenges facing my community and my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were unpleasant realities that I witnessed firsthand.(我在孟加拉国长大，亲眼目睹了我的社区和国家面临的挑战——贫困、不平等以及教育和医疗资源有限等令人不快的现实。)”可知，d（我发现家乡很多人需要帮助）是最早发生的；根据第二段中的“In 2018, I first came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and actively participated in the university’s public welfare activities.(2018年，我第一次来到中国，在江西财经大学学习，并积极参加学校的公益活动。)”可知，b（我成为中国江西财经大学的学生）发生在2018年；根据第四段中的“Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021(深受启发，2021年3月5日，我成立了雷锋国际志愿者协会)”可知，c（我成立了雷锋国际志愿者协会）发生在2021年；根据第五段中的“To know more about this young man, I traveled in 2023 to Liaoning province. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall in Fushun(为了更多地了解这个年轻人，我在2023年前往辽宁省。我参观了抚顺的雷锋纪念馆)”可知，a（我参观了雷锋纪念馆）发生在2023年；根据第六段中的“Returning from the trip, on Lei Feng Day in 2023, I took a bold step to spread his legacy beyond China by launching the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative.(旅行回来后，在2023年的雷锋日，我迈出了大胆的一步，发起了全球“向雷锋学习”倡议，将他的精神传承传播到中国以外的地方。)”可知，e（我发起了全球“向雷锋学习”倡议）发生在2023年参观纪念馆之后，所以事件顺序为dbcae。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“His life was not about grand gestures but rather a series of small acts of kindness that, when multiplied, can create a better world for all.(他的人生不在于宏大的举动，而在于一系列微小的善举，这些善举累积起来，就能为所有人创造一个更美好的世界。)”可知，作者可能认同“真正的伟大在于对平凡的人施以善意”这一观点。故选D项。 Passage 2（2025高二下·甘肃省临夏州·期末） Paul, one of Australians living with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), is also wheelchair-bound. The first time I met Paul, he had a fierce determination in his eyes and a smile that wanted to taste victory. It was clear that he would stop at nothing to make his dream of climbing Mount Kosciuszko a reality. To his credit, he did it to raise funds for a cause close to his heart. And finally, he climbed the mountain with the help of our team of determined explorers. We made the 450-kilometer journey from Sydney to begin our adventure. Then on the morning of our big day, we set out earlier than the sun to Charlotte’s Pass — our start and our finish. With our bellies filled with coffee and our souls with excitement, we put on our harnesses (背带), pulled Paul and began our mission. The first 1 kilometer of our journey was mostly flat. Upon reaching Seaman’s Hut at the 6-kilometer mark, the weather shifted, with strong winds, a drop in temperature, and storm clouds appearing in the distance. Nonetheless, we battled on to Rawson’s Pass at 7.6 kilometers. We took a break to refuel our bodies. By this stage, everyone was starting to feel tired, but we were determined to conquer the last 900 meters to the top. Up until this point, the road was mostly well-worn, enabling our harness system to run smoothly. The last leg tested our persistence and teamwork, forcing us to climb over rocks and narrow platforms. Suddenly all of the sweat, aching muscles and lack of sleep didn’t matter. We had made it to the top of Australia, and there could not be a more beautiful experience than seeing the joy on everyone’s face. But we were only halfway through our mission. We still needed to return to Charlotte’s Pass to celebrate our victory with all the other teams involved. It was a quiet journey back, with everyone worn out and hungry. Then, almost 9 hours after we had left it, we ran to a cheering crowd. 1．What do we know about Paul? A．He hoped to get rid of his wheelchair. B．He dreamt of conquering Mount Kosciuszko. C．He achieved nothing due to illness. D．He competed with other people. 2．Which word best describes the climbing of the team? A．Exhausting. B．Smooth. C．Enjoyable. D．Discouraging. 3．What about the road after Rawson’s Pass? A．Winding. B．Well-worn. C．Destroyed. D．Challenging. 4．What does the author think is the most important about this climbing? A．The pleasure it brings. B．The scenery along the way. C．The teamwork of the members. D．The pursuit of success. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚脑瘫患者保罗在探险队的帮助下，成功攀登科修斯科山并筹集善款的故事。 【详解】18．细节理解题。 根据第一段中“It was clear that he would stop at nothing to make his dream of climbing Mount Kosciuszko a reality.(很明显，他会不遗余力地实现攀登科修斯科山的梦想)”可知，保罗梦想着征服科修斯科山。故选B。 1．细节理解题。 根据第三段“By this stage, everyone was starting to feel tired, but we were determined to conquer the last 900 meters to the top.(到这个阶段，每个人都开始感到疲惫，但我们依然决心征服最后900米，抵达山顶)”及最后一段中“It was a quiet journey back, with everyone worn out and hungry.(这是一次安静的归途，每个人都筋疲力尽，饥肠辘辘)”可知，这次登山之旅是令人筋疲力尽的。故选A。 2．推理判断题。 根据第三段“Nonetheless, we battled on to Rawson’s Pass at 7.6 kilometers.(尽管如此，我们还是奋力前行，抵达了7.6公里处的罗森隘口)”及第四段“Up until this point, the road was mostly well-worn, enabling our harness system to run smoothly. The last leg tested our persistence and teamwork, forcing us to climb over rocks and narrow platforms.(截至此时，这条路大部分都已被磨得很平滑，这让我们的安全带系统得以顺畅运行。最后一段路程考验着我们的耐力与团队协作能力，迫使我们不得不翻越岩石，穿过狭窄的平台)”可知，罗森隘口之后的路极具挑战性。故选D。 3．推理判断题。 根据最后一段中“We had made it to the top of Australia, and there could not be a more beautiful experience than seeing the joy on everyone’s face.(我们登上了澳大利亚的顶峰，没有什么比看到每个人脸上的喜悦更美好的经历了)”可推知，作者认为这次登山最重要的是它带来的快乐。故选A。 Passage 3（2025高二下甘肃省天水市·期末） When Margaret Elenis was first diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer, she was extremely upset. It was hard for her to look at her 2-year-old son. She didn’t want him to live with the heartbreak of missing her. So she decided to fight. Her dream and experience inspired her to help families improve their health, leading her to start her own business with her sister Nina. This unique business combines a modern indoor play space with an organic café, promoting healthy lifestyles for families. Currently, the company operates two locations, creating opportunities for families to enjoy healthy fun together. Margaret’s cancer journey is a daily struggle. She schedules her treatment around her busy routine, ensuring both business and family needs are met. “Every day is about surviving,” she says. Despite the challenges, she remains committed to being a mom and a business owner. “I fight hard to be a good mom, fight to heal, and fight to grow my business,” she explains. She squeezes in five hours of treatment daily while managing two store locations and caring for her family. Margaret’s support system is crucial. Her sister Nina is her partner in business and life, allowing her to focus on healing. Her husband, parents, and dedicated team help her manage the demands of her health and business. Dr Amy Norris, a cancer recovery expert, notes that cancer treatment and its side effects are long-lasting, making Margaret’s balancing act even more remarkable. Margaret’s advice to other moms facing health challenges is to cherish each day. “If you have today, you have the world” she says. She remains positive about the future, hoping to see her children grow up and expand her business. “The possibilities are endless,” she says. Margaret’s journey has taught her to appreciate every moment and prioritize health above all else. “I wouldn’t take this part of my life away,” she shares. “This journey has shaped who I am, and it’s really shown me the potential that the future has.” 1．What inspired Margaret to struggle against cancer? A．Her desire for survival. B．Her great motherly love. C．Her decision to help others. D．Her dream to start business. 2．How does Margaret manage her daily routine? A．By turning to her sister for help. B．By focusing on her own business. C．By prioritizing her health over family. D．By integrating treatment with family and work. 3．Which of the following can best describe Margaret? A．Optimistic and determined. B．Ambitious and proud. C．Responsible and humorous. D．Curious and kind. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Margaret’s business expansion plan. B．Margaret’s struggle with breast cancer. C．A mother’s fighting for life and dream. D．The story of a successful businesswoman. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Margaret Elenis在面对晚期乳腺癌的挑战时，凭借母爱与坚韧，积极治疗并努力平衡家庭与事业的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“She didn’t want him to live with the heartbreak of missing her. So she decided to fight. (她不想让他生活在失去她的痛苦中。所以她决定与癌症抗争)”可知，Margaret是出于对儿子深深的爱和不想让他承受失去母亲的痛苦，才决定与癌症抗争，即她伟大的母爱激发了她与癌症抗争的决心。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“She schedules her treatment around her busy routine, ensuring both business and family needs are met. (她根据自己繁忙的日常安排来规划治疗时间，确保兼顾工作和家庭的需求。)”以及“She squeezes in five hours of treatment daily while managing two store locations and caring for her family. (她每天在打理两家店铺和照顾家庭的同时，还挤出5个小时接受治疗。)”可知，Margaret将治疗融入到了繁忙的日常生活和工作中，确保了业务和家庭的需求都得到满足。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Despite the challenges, she remains committed to being a mom and a business owner. (尽管面临诸多挑战，她依然致力于兼顾母亲和企业主的角色。)”以及最后一段中“She remains positive about the future, hoping to see her children grow up and expand her business. (她对未来保持乐观，希望看到孩子们长大，并扩大自己的业务。)”可知，Margaret面对癌症的挑战，依然保持着乐观的态度，积极治疗，努力平衡家庭和事业，这表现出她乐观和坚定的性格。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Margaret Elenis在身患晚期乳腺癌后，为了孩子努力活下去，同时创办企业，在治疗、家庭和事业之间努力平衡的故事，即一位母亲为生命和梦想而奋斗的经历。因此，C项“A mother’s fighting for life and dream (一位母亲为生命和梦想而战)”准确概括了文章的主旨。故选C项。 Passage 4（2025高二下·福建省莆田市·期末） In the 2010s, 34-year-old Brianne Miller travelled around the world as a marine biologist. No matter how remote the location, she made the same alarming discovery: large amounts of plastic littering the water and threatening marine life. Miller knew she needed to do something. Determined to fix the problem at the source, she planned to open a shop that went further than banning plastic bags. In 2015, she cold-called a Vancouver Patagonia store and, explaining how her mission mirrored that brand’s emphasis on sustainability, convinced its managers to host her first pop-up (快闪店). Her stock consisted of about 10 jars of dried strawberries, locally made chocolate and nuts. She sold out in one afternoon—and knew she was onto something. In June 2018, after 18 months of successful pop-ups, Miller opened Nada, one of Canada’s first zero-waste grocery stores. Designed for easy zero-waste shopping, it offers free and upcycled containers at the entrance, so customers can choose to bring their own or use the provided ones. Nada sells the food items you’d expect—all 100 percent package-free. Miller also turned to online ordering and delivery. Everything from olive oil to fresh eggs (and you can purchase just one, if you’d like) comes delivered in upcycled containers, which are collected (and reused again, of course) with the next round of deliveries. Those containers do much more than just reduce waste. They get people thinking big, just as Miller had hoped they would. “They’re tagged with Nada stickers, so you can see how many times the container has been used,” she says, and then smiles. “If you open someone’s pantry (食品储藏室) and see all of these Nada-branded packages, it’s bound to start a conversation.” 1．What inspired Brianne Miller to take action? A．Her ambition to establish a zero-waste brand. B．The plastic pollution threatening marine life. C．Her passion for sustainable food production. D．The cooperation offered from Patagonia store. 2．What does the underline word “something” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．A difficult problem to solve. B．A personal hobby to pursue. C．A promising business opportunity. D．A complicated marketing strategy. 3．What is special about Nada? A．It only sells local products. B．It aims at zero-waste shopping. C．It offers free food to customers. D．It has the largest number of containers. 4．How did Miller expect the containers to influence people? A．By making them buy more products. B．By encouraging them to collect stickers. C．By promoting reflection on environment. D．By teaching them how to reuse containers. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了海洋生物学家布丽安·米勒因为发现海洋塑料污染严重而决定采取行动，她开设了加拿大首批零废弃杂货店之一——Nada。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“No matter how remote the location, she made the same alarming discovery: large amounts of plastic littering the water and threatening marine life. Miller knew she needed to do something.(无论地点多么偏远，她都做出了同样令人震惊的发现：大量的塑料垃圾污染了水域，威胁着海洋生物。米勒知道自己必须做点什么。)”可知，是海洋塑料污染威胁海洋生物这一情况激发了Brianne Miller采取行动。故选B项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“In 2015, she cold-called a Vancouver Patagonia store and, explaining how her mission mirrored that brand’s emphasis on sustainability, convinced its managers to host her first pop-up (快闪店). Her stock consisted of about 10 jars of dried strawberries, locally made chocolate and nuts. She sold out in one afternoon—and knew she was onto something.(2015年，她给温哥华巴塔哥尼亚店打了一通冷电话，解释了她的使命与该品牌对可持续性的重视不谋而合，并说服了店长举办她的第一家快闪店。她的存货包括大约10罐草莓干、当地制作的巧克力和坚果。一个下午就卖光了，她知道自己发现了什么。)”可知，她的存货包括大约10罐草莓干、当地制作的巧克力和坚果。一个下午就卖光了，因此她知道自己发现了商机，所以“something”指的是“一个有希望的商机”。C选项“A promising business opportunity.(一个有前景的商业机会。)”与划线词指代内容相同。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In June 2018, after 18 months of successful pop-ups, Miller opened Nada, one of Canada’s first zero-waste grocery stores.(2018年6月，在成功经营了18个月的快闪店后，米勒开设了Nada，这是加拿大首批零废弃杂货店之一。)”可知，Nada的特别之处在于它旨在实现零废弃购物。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Those containers do much more than just reduce waste. They get people thinking big, just as Miller had hoped they would.(这些容器的作用不仅仅是减少浪费。它们让人们有了更宏大的思考，正如米勒所希望的那样。)”以及后文“They’re tagged with Nada stickers, so you can see how many times the container has been used,(它们贴有 Nada 标签，这样您就能看到这个容器被使用过多少次。)”以及“If you open someone’s pantry (食品储藏室) and see all of these Nada-branded packages, it’s bound to start a conversation.(如果你打开某人的食品储藏室，看到里面全是“Nada”牌的包装，那肯定会引发一番交谈。)”可知，“贴有Nada标签的容器”和“看到所有这些带有Nada品牌的包装，一定会引起人们对于（环境的）交谈，因此Miller希望这些容器能促进人们对环境的反思。故选C项。 语篇类型三: 说明文（6篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市越秀区·期末） Most of us have some “gut feelings” that we can’t explain. For example, when we hunt for a new house, we might suddenly like it a lot or dislike it right away. Or when we meet new people, we make instant judgements on them without careful thought. Research done by Leeds University shows that these feelings, or intuitions, are real and we should take them seriously. According to the research, intuition is the result of the way our brains store, process and obtain information on a subconscious (潜意识的) level, and so is a real psychological phenomenon that needs further study to help us unlock its potential. There are many cases where intuition prevented major disasters, and cases of remarkable recoveries when doctors followed their gut feelings. Yet, science has historically questioned the concept of intuition, labelling it as “anti-scientific”. Through analysis of a wide range of research papers examining the phenomenon, researchers have concluded that intuition is the brain drawing on past experiences and external cues to decide — but one that happens so fast that the reaction is on a non-conscious level. All we’re aware of is a general feeling that something is right or wrong. Researchers believe that people usually experience true intuition when they are under severe time pressure or in a situation of information overload or acute danger, where conscious analysis of the situation may be difficult or impossible. They cite a Formula One driver, who once braked suddenly before a sharp U-turn without knowing why. This automatic reaction saved him from crashing into a pile of cars ahead, likely preventing a fatal accident. Though he couldn’t explain his urge to stop, it overrode his competitive drive to win. After psychologists showed the driver a video replay, he realized at that very moment the crowd wasn’t cheering as usual — they stood frozen, staring in the opposite direction as he approached the U-turn. That was the cue. He didn’t consciously process this, but he knew something was wrong and stopped in time. Researchers believe that all intuitive experiences are based on the automatic evaluation of such internal and external cues. They say that we clearly need both conscious and non - conscious thought processes, but neither is superior to the other. 1．What does the research from Leeds University indicate? A．Gut feelings are not reliable in daily life. B．People ought to trust their intuitive feelings. C．Intuition is just a random psychological response. D．Intuitive responses often lead to wrong decisions. 2．According to Paragraph 3, what can we infer about intuition? A．Intuition is a random guess with no logical basis. B．Intuition only works in life - threatening situations. C．Intuition relies on conscious analysis of visible dangers. D．Intuition involves subconscious processing of external cues. 3．Which of the following real-life situations best illustrates the application of intuition? A．A shopper picks a product simply because its package looks attractive. B．A firefighter suddenly reroutes a rescue mission after sensing some hidden risks. C．A student solves math problems by strictly following formulas and logical reasoning. D．A student quickly guesses random answers without consideration during a timed quiz. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this article? A．To describe how brains process external cues. B．To criticize the overuse of intuition in daily life. C．To compare conscious and subconscious thinking. D．To explain the scientific basis and value of intuition. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了利兹大学研究表明直觉真实存在且应被重视，其源于大脑潜意识处理信息，在紧急情况起作用，与有意识思考同等重要。 【详解】30．细节理解题。根据第一段“Research done by Leeds University shows that these feelings, or intuitions, are real and we should take them seriously. (利兹大学的研究表明，这些感受或直觉是真实存在的，我们应当认真对待它们。)”可知，利兹大学的研究结果表明人们应当相信自己的直觉感受。故选B。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“Through analysis of a wide range of research papers examining the phenomenon, researchers have concluded that intuition is the brain drawing on past experiences and external cues to decide — but one that happens so fast that the reaction is on a non-conscious level. (通过对大量研究论文的分析（这些论文探讨了这一现象），研究人员得出结论：直觉是大脑依据过往经验和外部线索来做出判断的——但这种判断过程极其迅速，以至于反应是在无意识的层面上发生的。)”可知，感性认识涉及对外部信息的潜意识处理。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Researchers believe that people usually experience true intuition when they are under severe time pressure or in a situation of information overload or acute danger, where conscious analysis of the situation may be difficult or impossible. They cite a Formula One driver, who once braked suddenly before a sharp U-turn without knowing why. This automatic reaction saved him from crashing into a pile of cars ahead, likely preventing a fatal accident. (研究人员认为，人们在面临巨大时间压力、信息过载或极度危险的状况时，往往会产生真正的直觉。在这种情况下，对具体情况的理性分析可能变得困难或根本无法进行。他们举了一个一级方程式赛车手的例子，该车手曾在一次急转弯前突然刹车，但当时他并不知道原因。这种本能反应使他避免了撞上前方一堆汽车的危险，很可能避免了一场致命事故。)”可知，直觉是潜意识基于过往经验和外部线索快速反应，常出现在时间紧迫或危险情境中。而一名消防员在察觉到一些潜在危险后，突然改变了救援计划最能体现直觉的应用。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Most of us have some “gut feelings” that we can’t explain. For example, when we hunt for a new house, we might suddenly like it a lot or dislike it right away. Or when we meet new people, we make instant judgements on them without careful thought. Research done by Leeds University shows that these feelings, or intuitions, are real and we should take them seriously. (我们大多数人都有一些难以解释的“直觉感受”。比如，在寻找新房子时，我们可能会突然非常喜欢它或者立刻就讨厌它。又或者在遇到新朋友时，我们会未经深思就对对方立刻做出评价。利兹大学的研究表明，这些感受或直觉是真实存在的，我们应当认真对待它们。)”结合文章主要说明了利兹大学研究表明直觉真实存在且应被重视，其源于大脑潜意识处理信息，在紧急情况起作用，与有意识思考同等重要。可知，作者撰写这篇文章的主要目的是阐释直觉的科学依据及其价值。故选D。 Passage 2（2025高二下·甘肃省临夏州·期末） The Nazca Lines (纳斯卡线条) are a famous group of huge ancient drawings in the desert in southern Peru. The Nazca people made the drawings by removing the reddish top layer of rocks in the desert. This revealed the lighter dirt underneath. The drawings are called “geoglyphs (地画)”. They were usually drawn with a single long, winding line. Many of the lines are extremely long, and can only be fully seen from the air. The largest geoglyph line is around 366 meters long. But most of the newly-found geoglyphs are smaller than the ones already discovered, and are roughly 9 meters in length. Many of the new geoglyphs seem to show humans, as well as animals. To find the new geoglyphs, the scientists trained a special AI program to analyze satellite images for likely geoglyphs. The AI program made a lot of mistakes — for every 36 possible geoglyphs the program found, the researchers discovered roughly one actual geoglyph. Even so, the new method turned up geoglyphs much faster than the scientists could have managed without drones (无人机) and AI. “What used to take three or four years, can now be done in two or three days,” said Johny Isla, who’s in charge of studying the Nazca Lines for the country of Peru. The researchers are still trying to figure out what the geoglyphs mean. Masato Sakai, who led the research, says the new discoveries are helping scientists learn more. For one thing, the scientists discovered a system of paths in the Nazca Desert. These paths aren’t far from groups of the smaller geoglyphs. The researchers believe the paths were made by the Nazca people walking through the desert, and that the smaller geoglyphs were meant to be seen by these travelers. The scientists think the way these smaller geoglyphs are grouped together may be the key to understanding them. The larger geoglyphs, which can only be fully seen and understood from the air, are different, and may have been used for ceremonies or other special events. 1．What do we know about the Nazca Lines from the first two paragraphs? A．They are bright red in color. B．They consist mainly of straight lines. C．They come in different sizes. D．They are invisible on the ground. 2．What does Johny Isla think of the AI program? A．Efficient. B．Groundbreaking. C．Time-consuming. D．Questionable. 3．What will be the focus of the following research on the Nazca Lines? A．The function of the path system. B．The way smaller geoglyphs are grouped. C．The reason why Nazca people liked the drawings. D．The purpose of creating the Nazca Lines. 4．What can be the best title of this text? A．AI Tools Help Find Ancient Nazca Lines B．All Functions of the Nazca Lines Revealed C．Viewing the Nazca Lines from the Air D．The Nazca Lines Come back to Life with AI 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家利用人工智能和无人机技术快速发现秘鲁纳斯卡沙漠中的新地画，并探讨了这些地画的可能意义。 【详解】1．细节理解题。 根据第二段“The largest geoglyph line is around 366 meters long. But most of the newly-found geoglyphs are smaller than the ones already discovered, and are roughly 9 meters in length.(最大的地画线长约366米。但大多数新发现的地画都比已经发现的要小，长度大约为9米)”可知，纳斯卡线条大小不一。故选C。 2．推理判断题。 根据第三段“Even so, the new method turned up geoglyphs much faster than the scientists could have managed without drones and AI. “What used to take three or four years, can now be done in two or three days,” said Johny Isla, who’s in charge of studying the Nazca Lines for the country of Peru.(即便如此，这种新方法发现地画的速度，比科学家在没有无人机和人工智能的情况下快得多。负责为秘鲁研究纳斯卡线条的Johny Isla说：“过去需要三到四年才能完成的事情，现在可以在两三天内完成”)”可知，Johny Isla认为人工智能效率很高。故选A。 3．细节理解题。 根据第四段“The researchers are still trying to figure out what the geoglyphs mean. Masato Sakai, who led the research, says the new discoveries are helping scientists learn more.(研究人员仍在试图弄清楚这些地画的含义。领导这项研究的Masato Sakai说，新发现有助于科学家了解更多信息)”和第五段“The scientists think the way these smaller geoglyphs are grouped together may be the key to understanding them.(科学家们认为，这些较小的地画分组的方式可能是理解它们的关键)”可知，接下来对纳斯卡线条的研究重点将是较小地画的分组方式。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。 根据第三段“To find the new geoglyphs, the scientists trained a special AI program to analyze satellite images for likely geoglyphs.(为了找到新的地画，科学家们训练了一个特殊的人工智能程序来分析卫星图像，寻找可能的地画)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了科学家利用人工智能和无人机技术快速发现秘鲁纳斯卡沙漠中的新地画，并探讨了这些地画的可能意义，故A项“人工智能工具帮助发现古代纳斯卡线条”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A。 Passage 3（2025高二下·福建省福州市福九联盟·期末） This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope. Why depressing? Because the report confirmed what scientists have been saying for years: That human activity, particularly in the form of emissions of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the warming in the past few centuries, and that unless such emissions are greatly reduced, we will soon bring about our entire ecosystem’s destruction. The report concluded that 1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years is already “baked in”. This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement — that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C and hopefully below 1.5°C — much harder to meet. Worse still, the IPCC report was followed later in the year by the COP27 summit (峰会), described by Prof. Dann Mitchell, as “a complete failure, other than some commitment to loss and damage.” And the ray of hope? The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies — looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane, for instance. “Reducing carbon emissions is always the best approach: stop the problem at its source,” said Mitchell. “But we also need other approaches to help with this. Methane is important, but it’s so short-lived — that’s why we haven’t been so bothered when compared with CO2.” The IPCC working groups showed potential adaptation paths, and they are the other things we can do in terms of fighting climate change and relieving its worst effects, rather than simply reducing carbon emissions. This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO2, which is already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released. 1．Which of the following can best describe the sixth report by IPCC? A．Seemingly contradictory. B．Wholly promising. C．Particularly hopeless. D．Exceptionally new. 2．What does the underlined phrase “baked in” in paragraph 2 mean? A．out of date. B．in progress. C．under discussion. D．under control. 3．According to the passage, what can we learn about methane? A．It has been long regarded as a major source of global warming. B．It is considered as a new approach to reducing global warming. C．Its boost to global warming is as much as other greenhouse gases. D．Its role in global warming had been overlooked before the report. 4．How many aspects do the adaptation paths involve in the last paragraph? A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）发布的第六份气候变化报告，这份报告既令人沮丧，又给人们以希望。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope.(今年，联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）分阶段发布了第六份报告，这份报告让许多气候科学家读起来令人沮丧，但在某些方面也带来了一线希望)”可知，这份报告既让人沮丧，又给人以希望，由此可以判断，该报告似乎是有些矛盾。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线短语“This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement — that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C and hopefully below 1.5°C — much harder to meet.(这使得2015年《巴黎协定》中所设定的目标——各国同意将全球变暖控制在2摄氏度以内，并希望进一步控制在1.5摄氏度以内——变得更加难以实现)”可知，此处讲述的是划线短语所在句子中产生的结果使得2015年《巴黎协定》中概述的目标更难实现了，也就是说划线短语所在的句子陈述的内容“1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years(在接下来的几百年里，全球变暖幅度将达到1.5摄氏度)”已经形成，造成《巴黎协定》的目标更难实现，所以该短语baked in的意思是“形成，在进行中”。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies — looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane, for instance.(政府间气候变化专门委员会的第六份报告在研究范围上比以往的研究更为广泛——例如，首次深入探讨了短期温室气体（如甲烷）在导致气候变暖方面所起的作用)”可知，在IPCC的第六份报告中第一次深入研究了甲烷在气候变暖中的作用，由此可以推断，在这之前，未提到过甲烷对气候变暖带来的影响。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO2, which is already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released.(这将包括采取一系列措施，例如转而采用更以植物为主的饮食（以减少甲烷排放）、控制人口增长、减少经济不平等现象，并开发能够去除大气中已存在的二氧化碳的方法（而非仅仅阻止其排放）)”可知，提到的适应性路径涉及四个方面：转向更多的植物性饮食、控制人口增长、减少财政不平等以及开发方法解决已经存在大气中的CO。故选C项。 Passage 4（2025高二下·天津市河东区·期末） Many people confuse hard-working people with workaholics (工作狂). What are some characteristics of workaholics? How could a person tell that he/ she is a workaholic? A workaholic works long hours, at the expense of personal relationships and health. When not working, they’ re thinking about work. Work influences their mood: When work is going well, they’ re up; when work is going less well, they’ re down. Working, or simply being busy, can be a hard habit to break. When workaholics aren’t busy working — or doing something to promote their work — they feel anxious and guilty. There is a link between health problems and workaholism. Just because work itself is a respectable pursuit (追求) doesn’t mean that an addiction to it is any less damaging than other sorts of addictions. A number of studies show that workaholism has been associated with a wide range of health problems, such as anxiety and heart disease Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well. A study found that working too much negatively influenced an employee’s marriage. This isn’t surprising,since if you’re married to your work it can be difficult to be married to anything, or anyone, else.There have also been studies looking at the influence of workaholic parents on their children and the news isn’t good. Adult children of workaholic fathers experienced more depression and anxiety and a weaker sense of self. However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards. For many, it’s how they develop feelings of self worth and confidence and purpose. If you have a workaholic in your life you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it’s a child’s soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a resolution. 1．What can we learn from the text? A．Work has stronger effects on workaholics than on others. B．Hard-working people enjoy bester health than other people do. C．Workaholics work to build better relationships. D．Workaholics care more about their hdalth than others do. 2．When workaholics are not busy working, they ________. A．promote their work B．form a bad habit easily C．feel uneasy and insecure D．have a chance to prove their own value 3．What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．Bad influences of workaholism. B．Different patterns of workaholics. C．How people deal with their addictions. D．How hard-working people differ from workaholics. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards working hard? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Negative. D．Curious. 5．What can we do to help a workaholic in life? A．Force him to join family activities. B．Reward him for his hard work. C．Help him find self worth and confidence. D．Try to be understanding and supporting. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍工作狂的特征、负面影响及努力工作的积极面，还有对工作狂的建议。 【详解】42．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Work influences their mood: When work is going well, they’re up; when work is going less well, they’re down.(工作影响他们的情绪：当工作进展顺利时，他们情绪高涨；当工作不太顺利时，他们情绪低落。)”可知，工作对工作狂的影响比对其他人更大。故选A项。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When workaholics aren’t busy working — or doing something to promote their work — they feel anxious and guilty.(当工作狂不忙于工作——或者做一些促进工作的事情时，他们会感到焦虑和内疚。)”可知，工作狂不忙于工作时，会感到不安和不自在。故选C项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“There is a link between health problems and workaholism.(健康问题和工作狂之间存在联系。)”以及第四段中的“Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well.(除了健康问题，成为工作狂还会带来其他负面影响。)”可知，这两段主要讲述工作狂的不良影响。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards.(然而，努力工作和对事业越来越投入也有很多积极的方面。努力工作能带来巨大的回报。)”可知，作者既提到了工作狂的负面影响，也肯定了努力工作的积极面，态度是客观的。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If you have a workaholic in your life you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it’s a child’s soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a resolution.(如果你生活中有一个工作狂，你可能会指出他或她在工作时错过的事情，无论是孩子的足球比赛、一本好书还是一节瑜伽课。努力理解这个人为什么觉得需要这么努力工作，并支持他们找到解决办法。)”可知，帮助生活中的工作狂，要试着理解并支持他们。故选D项。 Passage 5（2025高二下·福建省莆田市·期末） It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out to be wrong. A recent study finds that the woman in the famous painting is actually gazing 15.4 degrees to the right of the viewer—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. The study’s author, Horstmann said, “She’s not really looking at you, which is kind of funny because people often think the subject’s gaze in artworks or photos seems to follow them around. This is called the ‘Mona Lisa effect’. Even if someone is painted looking straight, viewers from different angles still feel they’re being looked at.”As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the “Mona Lisa effect” occurs. Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him. To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers had 24 people look at pictures of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer. They put a ruler between the screen and the viewer. They asked the people to see where Mona Lisa’s eyes met the ruler. They moved the ruler to measure Mona Lisa’s gaze. They found that most people thought Mona Lisa wasn’t looking directly at them, but a bit to their right. So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first came up with the name “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name. 1．What gaze range in a painting will cause the “Mona Lisa effect”? A． B． C． D． 2．Why did Horstmann conduct the experiment? A．To confirm Horstmann’s new discovery. B．To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze. C．To prove Mona Lisa is looking straight back. D．To explain how the “Mona Lisa effect” can be applied. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．The position of the ruler will determine the viewers’ judgement. B．Horstmann thinks it’s cool to invent the term “Mona Lisa effect”. C．The “Mona Lisa effect” contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence. D．Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Positive Effect of “Mona Lisa” B．The Magical Gaze of “Mona Lisa” C．The Measurement of Mona Lisa’ Gaze D．The Application of the “Mona Lisa effect” 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了所谓的“蒙娜丽莎效应”，即人们常认为艺术作品或照片中的人物似乎在注视他们，即使人物的目光并未直接对准观众。研究者通过实验证实了这一点，并探讨了人们为何会普遍产生蒙娜丽莎在注视他们的错觉，推测可能是因为人们有被注视的渴望。 【详解】47．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the ‘Mona Lisa effect’ occurs. (只要观察者的目光偏离画面中心的位置不超过约 5 度（左右方向），就会出现“蒙娜丽莎效应”。)”可知，只要观察者的目光偏离画面中心的位置不超过约 5 度（左右方向），就会出现“蒙娜丽莎效应，即感觉画中人物在注视自己。故选D。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him. To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers had 24 people look at pictures of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer. (Horstmann和他的合著者正在研究这一效应在人工智能虚拟头像创建中的应用，这时霍斯特曼仔细端详了《蒙娜丽莎》，并意识到她并没有看着自己。为了确保不只是他一个人的错觉，研究人员让24个人在电脑上观看《蒙娜丽莎》的图片。)”可知，Horstmann在观察“蒙娜丽莎”时发现她并没有看着自己，为了确认这一点，他进行了实验。这表明其进行实验的目的是为了验证他自己的新发现，即“蒙娜丽莎”的目光并不是直视观众的。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. (他说，人们可能渴望被注视，所以他们觉得这个女人在直视他们。)”这表明人们感觉被“蒙娜丽莎”注视可能是出于对关注的渴望。因此，选项D“Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention. (感觉被蒙娜丽莎注视可能是由对关注的渴望引起的)”符合题意。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了“蒙娜丽莎效应”和Horstmann通过实验验证这一现象的过程，同时探讨了人们为何会有这种感觉的原因。选项B“The Magical Gaze of ‘Mona Lisa’(蒙娜丽莎的神奇目光)”准确地概括了文章的主旨，突出了“蒙娜丽莎效应”的核心内容，即蒙娜丽莎的目光似乎能够跟随观众，给人一种被注视的错觉。故选B。 Passage 6（2025高二下·广东省汕头市·期末） Shannon Baker, a landscape architect at Waterfront Toronto, pauses to point out a red-tailed hawk (鹰) flying over the restored Don River valley — a sight unimaginable eight years ago when this site was a deadly industrial zone. The hawk’s presence symbolizes the success of Canada’s most ambitious urban ecological project: transforming 300 hectares of abandoned factories and oil tanks into a lively ecosystem. In the 1880s, the Don River was rerouted into the Keating Channel to create land for a new port. For over a century since then, it regularly flooded surrounding areas. Engineers solved this by carving a 1.3-kilometre riverbed reconnecting the waterway to Lake Ontario. The scale of effort to make the new river extension has been enormous: four-plus years of construction; roads lifted or moved and multiple bridges built; 1.4 million cubic metres of polluted soil treated and reused or replaced. Most remarkably, bioengineered “instant forests” were created using interlocking root systems and layered soils to create mature ecosystems. “For me, the project is about reconnection,” says Baker. “We’re reconnecting the river to the lake, and in this process, reconnecting people.” Perhaps the deepest reconnections are with local Indigenous communities, who settled in the area centuries before the city’s creation. Waterfront Toronto engaged the MinoKamik Collective, an elder-led native environmental consultancy, to help design the planting strategy. “We put in wetland plants to help stabilize the riverbank and draw in animals,” says Shelley Charles, leader of the native elders. “When we met on the land at the start of the project, there was nothing there. It was like an artist’s canvas (画布). Now when you stand in the same place today, you’re able to walk along the river. It’s unbelievable.” Baker agrees and points out that people visiting the site today for the first time might not appreciate what’s been done. “Because when you look at the river as well as the wetland now, it looks like it’s always been there.” 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By showing data. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving an appeal. D．By raising an assumption. 2．What is the primary purpose of the new river extension? A．To prevent flooding. B．To attract wildlife. C．To create a new port. D．To build new roads. 3．What is Charles’s attitude towards the project? A．Proud. B．Concerned. C．Unbelieving. D．Indifferent. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Waterfront: A History Of Toronto B．Keating Channel: A Nature Restoration Project C．The River Extension: From Wasteland To Wetland D．MinoKamik Collective: Between Indigenous And Natives 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大Don River谷地生态修复工程，工程师们通过扩建河道解决洪水问题，并将工业废土转化为湿地生态系统。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Shannon Baker, a landscape architect at Waterfront Toronto, pauses to point out a red-tailed hawk (鹰) flying over the restored Don River valley — a sight unimaginable eight years ago when this site was a deadly industrial zone. The hawk’s presence symbolizes the success of Canada’s most ambitious urban ecological project: transforming 300 hectares of abandoned factories and oil tanks into a lively ecosystem. (多伦多滨水区的景观设计师Shannon Baker停下脚步，指向一只正在修复后的Don River谷地上空翱翔的红尾鹰——这样的景象在八年前这里还是危险工业区时简直难以想象。这只鹰的出现象征着加拿大最宏大的城市生态项目的成功：将300公顷废弃工厂和储油罐区改造成生机勃勃的生态系统)”可知，作者通过对比过去工业区与现在生态恢复区的景象，引入话题。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For over a century since then, it regularly flooded surrounding areas. Engineers solved this by carving a 1.3-kilometre riverbed reconnecting the waterway to Lake Ontario. (此后一个多世纪里，它经常淹没周边地区。工程师们通过开凿1.3公里长的河床重新连接安大略湖，解决了这一问题)”可知，新河道扩建的主要目的是防止洪水。故选A项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段中Charles所说的话“When we met on the land at the start of the project, there was nothing there. It was like an artist’s canvas (画布). Now when you stand in the same place today, you’re able to walk along the river. It’s unbelievable. (当项目刚开始时，我们站在这片土地上，这里空无一物，就像艺术家的空白画布。而今天站在同一个地方，你已能沿着河岸漫步。这变化简直令人难以置信)”可知，Charles认为这片土地发生了巨大的变化，是令人难以置信的，语气充满成就感和自豪。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“The hawk’s presence symbolizes the success of Canada’s most ambitious urban ecological project: transforming 300 hectares of abandoned factories and oil tanks into a lively ecosystem. (这只鹰的出现象征着加拿大最宏大的城市生态项目的成功：将300公顷废弃工厂和储油罐区改造成生机勃勃的生态系统)”可知，文章围绕加拿大Don River谷地生态修复工程展开，工程师们通过扩建河道解决洪水问题，并将工业废土转化为湿地生态系统。因此，C项“河道扩建：从荒芜之地到湿地”涵盖河道工程这一核心事件与生态修复的结果，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 语篇类型四: 议论文+ 新闻报告（4篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市天河区·期末） When I talk about punishments here, I do not mean what we’ve come to think of punishments: something an angry parent yells while red in the face, taking away their kid’s social life for a month. Actually, a punishment is a negative consequence that reduces the chance an undesirable behavior (行为) will happen again. What I’m supporting is negative consequences. Some mommy blogs have been telling parents to drop consequences completely. The reason for this suggestion is that giving kids consequences breaks the parent-child connection. But decades of research on behavioral parenting say it’s completely wrong. Here’s what the research shows about negative consequences: When kids misbehave (不守规矩) and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well. This is because a few important things happen in this situation: Parents model emotional control. They don’t lose it. They know what to do, so they can stay in control. They don’t try something that isn’t working many times and then get upset when it doesn’t work. They stay calm and in control. Kids respond to what they see. When parents are in control, kids are often able to get into control more quickly themselves. Parents teach kids the rules. Kids tend to do well when they know the rules. Most kids want to follow the rules (at least most of the time). It’s kids’ job to test the rules. That is part of developing independence, which happens throughout healthy development. If parents respond to these tests by letting kids know the limits, kids feel safe and secure. They feel secure because they can expect what will happen in response to their behavior. Feeling secure and safe makes kids feel connected to their parents. There you go, you can have consequences and connection together. 1．What does the author advise parents to do when kids misbehave? A．Leave them alone. B．Stop them angrily. C．Tell them the bad result. D．Cut off their network. 2．What may happen when parents give kids negative consequences? A．Kids will break the rules. B．Kids will lose emotional control. C．Kids will test their parents’ patience. D．Kids will reduce their misbehavior. 3．What will be discussed next about giving a consequence? A．Its importance. B．Its purpose. C．Its methods. D．Its disadvantages. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍家长在孩子行为不当时应给予负面后果，以及这样做的好处，反驳了完全放弃后果的观点。 【详解】55．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When kids misbehave and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well.(当孩子行为不端，不听从停止命令或关于后果的警告时，父母给予简短、清晰的负面后果，孩子往往反应良好)”可推知作者建议父母在孩子行为不端时告知其不良结果（即负面后果），而非愤怒制止或放任不管。故选C项。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Actually, a punishment is a negative consequence that reduces the chance an undesirable behavior (行为) will happen again.(实际上，惩罚是一种负面后果，它会降低不良行为再次发生的可能性)”可知，当父母给孩子负面后果时，孩子的不良行为会减少。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“When kids misbehave (不守规矩) and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well.(当孩子行为不端，对停止的命令或关于后果的警告没有反应时，父母给出简短、明确的负面后果，孩子往往会反应良好)”可知，文章提到了给孩子负面后果的好处以及应具备简短、明确的特点，但未具体说明实施的方法，因此接下来可能会讨论给予负面后果的方法。故选C项。 Passage2（2025高二下·甘肃省天水市·期末） With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. However, the benefits of volunteering can be great. Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer. While it’s true that the more you volunteer, the more benefits you’ll experience. Volunteering doesn’t have to involve a long-term commitment or take a huge amount of time out of your busy day. Giving in even simple ways can help those in need and improve your health and happiness. The right match can help you to connect with the community, learn new skills, find new friends, and even advance your career. One of the well-known benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community. Volunteering allows you to connect to your community and make it a better place. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference to the lives of people, animals, and organizations in need. And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the cause you choose to help. Dedicating your time as a volunteer helps you make new friends, expand your network, and boost your social skills. Volunteering also increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. Once you have momentum, it’s easier to branch out and make more friends and contacts. Furthermore, one of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen existing relationships is to commit to a shared activity together. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially if you are new to an area. It strengthens your ties to the community and broadens your support network, exposing you to people with common interests, neighborhood resources, and fun and fulfilling activities. 1．What does the author mean by saying “volunteering is a two-way street”? A．It needs your time and practice. B．It needs both courage and devotion. C．It benefits both givers and takers. D．It has both strengths and weaknesses. 2．What does the underlined word “momentum” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Determination. B．Motivation. C．Information. D．Experience. 3．What might the author continue talking about? A．Why volunteering is a must to your community. B．How volunteering is helpful for you to make friends. C．Why volunteering is beneficial to your mind and body. D．How volunteering is crucial for your future occupation. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Advantages of Volunteer Activities B．Volunteering and Your Friendship C．Puzzles in Doing Volunteer Activities D．Ways to Find People with Common Interests 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了志愿服务带来的多方面益处。 【详解】1．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the cause you choose to help.(志愿服务是一条双向的道路：它既能让你和你的家人受益，也能让你选择帮助的事业受益)”可知，作者说“志愿服务是一条双向的道路”意思是志愿服务既能让给予者受益，也能让接受者受益。 故选C 1．词句猜测题。 根据第三段中“Volunteering also increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. Once you have momentum, it’s easier to branch out and make more friends and contacts.(志愿服务还能提高你的社交和人际关系技巧。虽然有些人天生外向，但有些人很害羞，很难结识新朋友。志愿服务给了你一个练习和发展社交技能的机会，因为你会定期与一群有共同兴趣的人见面。一旦你有了momentum，就更容易扩展人脉，结交更多的朋友和联系人)”可知，志愿服务能提高社交技能，定期与有共同兴趣的人见面，有了这种动力之后，就更容易扩展人脉，结交朋友，由此可知，momentum意为“动力，积极性”。和B项“Motivation(动力)” 意义相近。故选B。 2．推理判断题。 根据第一段的“The right match can help you to connect with the community, learn new skills, find new friends, and even advance your career.(合适的匹配可以帮助你与社区建立联系，学习新技能，找到新朋友，甚至推进你的职业生涯)”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了志愿服务对于社区建立联系，学习新技能，找到新朋友的好处；由此可推知，作者接下来可能会继续讨论志愿服务在职业发展中的重要性，呼应第一段的“even advance your career”。 故选D。 3．主旨大意题。 根据第一段中“However, the benefits of volunteering can be great. Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer.(然而，志愿服务的好处可能是巨大的。志愿服务为有需要的人、有价值的事业和社区提供了至关重要的帮助，但对你——志愿者来说，好处可能更大)”以及结合文章可知，本文主要介绍了志愿服务的好处，包括对社区的影响、增加社交和关系技巧以及结交新朋友和加强现有关系等。可知，A选项“志愿者活动的好处”最符合文章标题。 故选A。 Passage 3（2025高二下·甘肃省多校·期末） An 8-year-old Pekingese (北京哈巴狗) is the winner of this year’s World’s Ugliest Dog Contest. This is the first victory for Wild Thang, a 5-time competitor in the annual event held at the Sonoma-Marin Fair in the northern California city of Petaluma. The Pekingese, whose owner Ann Lewis received $5,000 in prize money, placed second three times before coming out on top this year. With his long and extremely fluffy coat and stick-out tongue, Wild Thang, who grew up in Los Angeles but now resides in North Bend, Oregon, was one of eight dogs competing for the famous title on Friday evening. “Wild Thang was a fan favourite,” said California State Treasurer Fiona Ma, one of the judges. “The fact that he had been competing for five times and only came in second, kind of like the bridesmaid (伴娘) and never the bride, really tugged at our heartstrings. He deserved to win.” Ma added some fun facts about Wild Thang. “He’s never had a haircut,” she said. “He likes to sleep on ice packs, believe it or not. And he is just a sweet dog.” Most of the dogs in the contest are rescues. According to his Biography (传记) on the fair’s press site, Wild Thang contracted distemper (瘟热) from a rescue when he was young. “He survived, but not without permanent damage,” his biography states. “His teeth did not grow in, causing his tongue to stay out and his right front leg paddles.” “This world-known event celebrates the imperfections that make all dogs special and unique,” states the World’s Ugliest Dog Contest website. “The annual World’s Ugliest Dog Contest is not about making fun of ‘ugly’ dogs, but having fun with some wonderful characters and showing the world that these dogs are really beautiful!” 1．Which is true about Wild Thang? A．He is a competitor from Beijing. B．He hadn’t won the first prize before. C．He has long hair and frequent haircuts. D．He has taken part in the contest for 3 times. 2．What does the underlined phrase “tugged at our heartstrings” mean? A．Made us annoyed. B．Amused us. C．Caused us to feel pity. D．Let us become nervous. 3．How did Wild Thang get its wonderful character? A．He was born like that. B．He was beaten by a thief. C．He was bitten by a wolf. D．He was infected during a rescue. 4．What is the purpose of the World’s Ugliest Dog Contest? A．To attract people’s attention on animals. B．To lead people to accept imperfections. C．To warn people to stay away from ugly animals. D．To call on people to rescue ugly animals. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了超级毛茸茸的8岁北京哈巴狗Wild Thang赢得2024年世界最丑狗比赛的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Pekingese, whose owner Ann Lewis received $5,000 in prize money, placed second three times before coming out on top this year.(这只北京犬的主人安·刘易斯获得了5000美元的奖金。此前它曾三次获得亚军，今年则首次夺冠)”可知，这只北京哈巴狗参赛五次，曾三次获得亚军，之前没有得过冠军。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据画线句“The fact that he had been competing for five times and only came in second, kind of like the bridesmaid (伴娘) and never the bride(他参加了五次比赛，但只获得了第二名，这有点像伴娘而非新娘的处境)”可知，狗参加了五次比赛却只来到了第二名的事实，就有点像总是做伴娘而做不了新娘，说明让他们感到很遗憾。可知，此次“tugged at our heartstrings”的意思是“使我们感到遗憾和同情”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to his biography on the fair’s press site, Wild Thang contracted distemper from a rescue when he was young.(根据该展览官方网站上的他的个人简介，威尔德·坦格小时候在一次救援行动中染上了犬瘟热)”和“His teeth did not grow in, causing his tongue to stay out and his right front leg paddles.(他的牙齿没有长齐，导致他的舌头一直伸在外面，而他的右前腿则像桨一样摆动着)”可知，Wild Thang是因为在救援过程中感染了某种病毒而变成这个样子的。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This world-known event celebrates the imperfections that make all dogs special and unique(这一举世闻名的活动旨在赞美那些使每只狗都独具特色、独一无二的不完美之处)”和“The annual World’s Ugliest Dog Contest is not about making fun of ‘ugly’ dogs, but having fun with some wonderful characters and showing the world that these dogs are really beautiful!(一年一度的“世界最丑狗狗大赛”并非是要取笑那些“丑陋”的狗狗，而是在于与这些可爱的狗狗们一起享受乐趣，并向全世界展示这些狗狗其实是非常美丽的！)”可知，比赛不是为了取笑“丑”狗而是为了引导人们接受不完美，和他们一起享受快乐。故选B。 Passage 4（2025高二下·天津市南开区·期末） Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, 68, was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on March 4, becoming the second winner from China to receive the highest honor in the field of architecture. Based in Chengdu, Liu’s career covers four decades and more than 30 projects. He founded Jiakun Architects in 1999 and has built a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully designed museums and monuments to large commercial buildings and master plans for cities. Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on “low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported. “He has developed a strategy that never relies on a fixed method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently,” the jury (评审团) said in its citation announcing the award. One of Liu’s most well-known projects was the so-called “rebirth bricks” he created after the terrible Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings. More than just recycling, these bricks were “a poetic metaphor” for the rebirth of the material and “the spiritual rebirth of the community at a time of national mourning”, reported The Guardian. These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis pharmaceutical (制药) company in Shanghai. Liu’s design also focuses on ordinary people. This is reflected in his largest project, West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex includes a soccer field, a market, and pathways (通道) for cyclists and pedestrians (行人). With grass growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the vitality of ‘everydayness’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017. It has become a popular destination for city residents to spend their leisure time. “The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we pursue,” Liu told China Daily. 1．Why did Liu Jiakun win the Pritzker Architecture Prize according to the jury? A．He consistently applied high-tech methods to create elegant designs. B．He developed a unique strategy that adapts to each project’s specific needs. C．He focused primarily on large commercial buildings to boost the urban economy. D．He was the first Chinese architect to receive international recognition. 2．How does Liu Jiakun incorporate local elements into his architecture to achieve beauty? A．By using advanced technology to modernize traditional materials. B．By emphasizing simplicity and low-tech solutions with cultural features. C．By designing only monuments and museums to preserve heritage. D．By combining Western styles with Chinese motifs for global appeal. 3．Which of the following statements about the“rebirth bricks” is NOT true? A．They were created by using rubble from buildings destroyed in the Wenchuan earthquake. B．They symbolized both material recycling and spiritual renewal for the community. C．They were only used in Chengdu-based projects like the Shuijingfang Museum. D．They represented a response to the disaster and a metaphor for rebirth. 4．What does Liu’s West Village project highlight? A．The beauty of natural landscapes. B．The energy of residents’ daily lives. C．The influence of Western architecture. D．The importance of eco-friendly materials. 5．What is Liu’s ultimate goal in architecture? A．To contribute to a city’s economic growth. B．To design buildings with global appeal. C．To improve people’s quality of life. D．To create artistic and symbolic landmarks. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国建筑师刘家琨获2025年普利兹克奖，介绍其设计理念是因地制宜，融入本土元素与低技术美学，并通过“再生砖”和“西村大院”项目体现对社会关怀与日常生活活力的关注。 【详解】66．细节理解题。根据第三段中““He has developed a strategy that never relies on a fixed method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently,” the jury (评审团) said in its citation announcing the award. (评委会在颁奖词中表示：“他发展了一种策略，从不依赖固定方法，而是根据不同项目的具体特点和需求进行评估。”)”可知，评委会颁给刘家琨该奖项的原因是他开创了一种独特的策略，适应每个项目的具体需求。故选B项。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on “low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported. (The Spaces报道称，“刘的作品不拘泥于特定风格，而是融入本土元素，依靠‘低技术’的简洁性实现美感。”)”可知，刘家琨通过强调具有文化特色的简约设计和低技术解决方案做到这一点。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings. More than just recycling, these bricks were “a poetic metaphor” for the rebirth of the material and “the spiritual rebirth of the community at a time of national mourning”, reported The Guardian. These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis pharmaceutical (制药) company in Shanghai. (为了帮助灾后重建，刘家琨就地取材，用小麦纤维、水泥和倒塌建筑的瓦砾制成特殊砖块。英国《卫报》评价称，这些“再生砖”不仅是环保材料，更是“充满诗意的隐喻”——既象征物质的重生，也承载着国殇时刻社区精神的重塑。这些砖块后来被广泛应用于他的多个项目中，包括成都水井坊博物馆和上海诺华制药公司总部)”可知，砖块还被用于上海的项目，非仅限于成都。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“With grass growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the vitality of ‘everydayness’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017. (砖缝间青草蔓生，这个项目颂扬着“日常生活的蓬勃生命力”，评论家Austin Williams在2017年如此写道)”可知，西村大院项目彰显了居民日常生活的蓬勃活力。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we pursue,” Liu told China Daily. (刘对《中国日报》表示：“建筑的目的是创造美好、公正且有尊严的生活环境。我们追求的是人们的真实生活、幸福和尊严。”)”可知，刘家琨在建筑上的最终目标是提高人们的生活质量。故选C项。 Passage 1 Women are, and have always been, essential to innovation. Here we honor 3 women who shaped the world with their imagination, dedication, and perseverance. Dr. Lin Lanying—Synthesis of Crystals and Semiconductor Materials Dr. Lin Lanying was born in 1918 in Putian, China. Her family didn’t believe education was important for girls and she wasn’t permitted to attend school, but despite her family’s objections, she eventually obtained her Ph.D．from the University of Pennsylvania in 1955. Lin returned to China in 1957. There, she and her team synthesized(合成)crystals of aerospace and semiconductor materials. Today, she is recognized as the “mother of aerospace materials” and the “mother of semiconductor materials” in China. Dr. Katsuko Saruhashi—Saruhashi’s Table Dr. Katsuko Saruhashi was born in Tokyo in 1920. She earned a degree in chemistry in 1943and was the first woman to receive a Ph. D．in chemistry from the University of Tokyo in 1957. She went on to work at the Meteorological Research Institute, and it was there she invented a new way to measure the amount of carbon in the ocean, which became known as Saruhashi’s Table. She was the first woman elected to the Science Council of Japan and the first woman to win the Miyake Prize for geochemistry in 1985. Anna Modayi Mani—Instruments to Measure the Weather Anna Modayil Mani was born in 1918 in the southern part of India. Mani began her research career at the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru. In 1948, she joined the Indian Meteorological Department where she was responsible for the construction of radiation instruments. Mani created drawings for nearly 100 different weather instruments and started their production. She also set up a network of weather monitoring stations in India to measure solar radiation and help use solar energy. 1．Which word best describes Lin Lanying according to the text? A．Emotional B．Inflexible C．Determined D．Creative 2．What do Saruhashi and Anna Modayi Mani have in common? A．They were both awarded international prizes. B．They both specialized in semiconductor material research. C．They were both the first women to earn a Ph. D．in their countries. D．They both brought innovations crucial for scientific measurements. 3．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book. B．A guidancebook to science study. C．An essay on frontier science. D．A review of women achievements. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文简要介绍了三位在不同科学领域做出重要贡献的女性科学家，她们在各自的研究领域取得了显著成就，为世界的科学发展做出了重要贡献。 【详解】71．推理判断题。根据Dr. Lin Lanying部分中，尤其是“Her family didn’t believe education was important for girls and she wasn’t permitted to attend school, but despite her family’s objections, she eventually obtained her Ph.D.(她的家人认为女孩受教育不重要，不允许她上学，但尽管家人反对，她最终还是获得了宾夕法尼亚大学的博士学位。)”这一部分可以看出，Lin Lanyin在面对家庭阻碍时表现出了坚定的决心，最终取得了博士学位并在科研上做出了重要贡献。C选项“Determined(坚定的)”符合题意。故选C。 1．推理判断题。根据Dr. Katsuko Saruhashi 部分中“She went on to work at the Meteorological Research Institute, and it was there she invented a new way to measure the amount of carbon in the ocean, which became known as Saruhashi’s Table.(她继续在气象研究所工作，正是在那里，她发明了一种测量海洋中碳含量的新方法，这一方法后来被称为“Saruhashi’s Table”。)”以及Anna Modayi Mani部分中“Mani created drawings for nearly 100 different weather instruments and started their production. She also set up a network of weather monitoring stations in India to measure solar radiation and help use solar energy.( Mani为近100种不同的气象仪器绘制了图纸并开始了它们的生产。她还在印度建立了一个气象监测站网络，用于测量太阳辐射并帮助利用太阳能。)”可知，Katsuko Saruhashi发明了测量海洋中碳含量的新方法(Saruhashi’s Table)，而Anna Modayi Mani则设计了近100种不同的天气仪器并建立了天气监测站网络。这两项成就都对科学测量产生了重要影响，是科学测量领域的重要创新。因此，可以推断出她们的共同点是都为科学测量带来了至关重要的创新。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Women are, and have always been, essential to innovation. Here we honor 3 women who shaped the world with their imagination, dedication, and perseverance. (女性一直是创新的关键。在这里，我们向三位用想象力、奉献精神和毅力塑造世界的女性致敬。)”以及接下来的内容分别介绍了这三位女性科学家的成就和贡献。因此，可以判断这篇文章最有可能来自对女性成就的回顾或评论。D选项“A review of women achievements.(对女性成就的回顾)”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 2 Sci|Art Lab+Studio Summer Institute Program In the highly competitive Sci Art Lab+Studio, students engage deeply in science and art practices to develop both analytical and creative skills. This two-week program prepares students for interdisciplinary thinking before they begin their undergraduate education, through historical retrospectives (回顾展), surveys of current art-science cooperations, and science fiction movie screenings. Application requirements Applicants must provide the following for online registration: ·An unofficial transcript (成绩单) from grade 9 to present. ·A 500-word essay explaining their interest in a UCLA Precollege Summer Institute, responding to one of the following topics: ◆Choose a favorite sci-fi movie or book and discuss exciting ideas within it. ◆If you plan to pursue science in college, share your art or music interests. ◆If you plan to pursue art in college, share your interest in science and technology. ·Optional letter of recommendation from a teacher. Residential/commuter(走读) Both residential and commuter tracks are available. The residential track is ONLY available to students aged 17 or older. Fees vary by student type High school student Incoming UCLA student Incoming UC student Program Fee: $2,250 Registration Fee: $350 IEI Fee: $61 Document Fee:$50 Program Fee:$1,826 IEI Fee: $61 Document Fee: $50 Others: $166 Program Fee: $1,826 Registration Fee: $175 IEI Fee: $61 Total: $2,711 Total: $2,103 Total: $2,062 Residential program fees The program fees listed above are for the Commuter version only. For the Residential version, the program fees are as follows, with all other fees remaining the same. ·High School Student: $3,793 ·Incoming UCLA Student: $ 3,369 ·Incoming UC Student: $3,369 1．What is the primary goal of the program? A．To develop leadership skills. B．To teach science fiction writing. C．To encourage cross-disciplinary thinking. D．To explore historical art-science cooperation. 2．What is a must for applying to the program? A．A teacher's recommendation letter. B．An official transcript from grade 9. C．A certification of English proficiency. D．An essay expressing enthusiasm for joining. 3．What is the total cost for an incoming UC student in the residential program? A．$2,062. B．$3,605. C．$3,646. D．$5,431. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了Sci|Art Lab+Studio 暑期学院项目。 【详解】74．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This two-week program prepares students for interdisciplinary thinking before they begin their undergraduate education, through historical retrospectives(回顾展), surveys of current art-science cooperations, and science fiction movie screenings. (这个为期两周的项目通过历史回顾、当前艺术与科学合作的调查和科幻电影放映，为学生在开始本科教育之前做好跨学科思考的准备)”可知，这个为期两周的项目旨在让学生在本科教育开始前具备跨学科思维能力。故选C项。 1．细节理解题。根据“Application requirements”部分中“A 500-word essay explaining their interest in a UCLA Precollege Summer Institute, responding to one of the following topics: (一篇500字的文章，解释他们对加州大学洛杉矶分校大学预科暑期学院的兴趣，回答以下主题之一)”可知，申请这个项目必须具备一篇表达加入热情的文章。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据 Residential program fees 中的内容可知，住宿生的项目费用与走读生的项目费用不同，其他费用则与表中一致，由此可知，对于即将入学的 UC 学生，需要缴纳的费用包括 Program Fee :$3,369, Registration Fee :$175, IEI Fee :$61 总计为$3,605，故B项正确。费用中的 IEI 是Instructional Enhancement Initiative （教学强化计划）的缩写，这是一项课程材料费用。故选B项。 Passage3 Have you ever noticed how zucchini (西葫芦) is given? Unlike peaches or apples, which are handed to you with confidence, zucchini is left anonymously—no note, no explanation, no one taking credit for it. It feels like the forgotten child of the vegetable kingdom. “Who should we thank for this gift?” I asked. “I don’t know,” Rachel replied. “You know how it is with zucchini.” Of course I did. Nobody grows it on purpose; it just grows uncontrollably, taking over gardens everywhere. The next morning, I cautiously stepped into my office, unsure of what might await me. On my desk sat a white box with a piece of bread inside. It smelled and tasted wonderful. “Who made the banana bread?” I asked. Rachel smiled and responded, “It’s zucchini bread.” I froze. “It’s delicious! But I don’t like zucchini.” “Neither do I,” Rachel admitted. “But years ago, I found a recipe for zucchini bread, and now I look forward to zucchini season.” I took another bite and wondered, “How can something so tasty come from something I don’t enjoy?” Rachel shrugged and said, “It’s life. With effort and creativity, you can turn almost anything around. Even zucchini.” Later that day, I thought about Rachel’s words. Life, like zucchini, often gives us things we don’t ask for—unexpected difficulties, disappointments, or even challenges. But with patience and clever thinking, we can turn those moments into something valuable, even enjoyable. As I finished the last bite of the bread, I realized that zucchini wasn’t just a vegetable; it was a reminder to stay strong and see things from a new angle. 1．What did the author discover in her office one morning? A．A handwritten note along with the zucchini. B．A loaf of banana bread on her desk. C．A zucchini placed on her office chair. D．A thoughtful gift from someone at work. 2．What does the underlined word “anonymously” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Without leaving any name. B．Without being noticed. C．Without hesitation. D．Without purpose. 3．What did the author think of the zucchini bread? A．Traditional. B．Wonderful. C．Unhealthy. D．Ordinary. 4．Why does Rachel look forward to zucchini season? A．She sells zucchini to her neighbors. B．She likes growing zucchini in her garden. C．She uses zucchini for many dishes. D．She enjoys making zucchini bread. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show readers a fine view of life. B．To share a story about zucchini bread. C．To teach readers how to grow zucchini. D．To encourage people to work hard. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲了作者在她的办公室收到了西葫芦面包，她很惊讶，因为平时别人送礼物几乎不会送西葫芦。她吃到美味的面包，她以为是用香蕉做的，结果她同事告诉她是用西葫芦做的，她不敢相信令人反感的东西会做出那么美味的食物。其实这就如同生活，只要你肯努力，一切都可以改变。 【详解】77．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The next morning, I cautiously stepped into my office, unsure of what might await me. On my desk sat a white box with a piece of bread inside. It smelled and tasted wonderful. “Who made the banana bread?” I asked. Rachel smiled and responded, “It’s zucchini bread.” I froze. “It’s delicious! But I don’t like zucchini.”(第二天早上，我小心翼翼地走进办公室，不确定会有什么在等着我。我的办公桌上放着一个白色的盒子，里面有一片面包。它闻起来很香，吃起来也很棒。“谁做的香蕉面包？”我问道。瑞秋微笑着回答说：“这是西葫芦面包。”我愣住了。“很好吃！但我不喜欢西葫芦”)”可知，作者在办公室发现了一份来自同事的贴心礼物。故选D项。 1．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“no note, no explanation, no one taking credit for it(没有便条，没有解释，也没人声称是自己送的)”可知，“anonymously”意思是“Without leaving any name.（不留下任何名字）”。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It smelled and tasted wonderful.(它闻起来和尝起来都很棒)”可知，作者认为西葫芦面包很棒。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But years ago, I found a recipe for zucchini bread, and now I look forward to zucchini season.(但几年前，我找到了一个西葫芦面包的食谱，现在我期待西葫芦季)”可知，Rachel期待西葫芦季是因为她喜欢做西葫芦面包。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Life, like zucchini, often gives us things we don’t ask for—unexpected difficulties, disappointments, or even challenges. But with patience and clever thinking, we can turn those moments into something valuable, even enjoyable. (生活就像西葫芦，常常给予我们一些并非自己所求的东西——意外的困难、失望，甚至是挑战。但凭借耐心与巧思，我们能够将这些时刻转化为有价值，甚至令人愉悦的事情)”可知，作者目的是通过西葫芦和西葫芦面包的故事向读者展示一种对生活的美好视角。故选A项。 Passage 4 Today, I witnessed something quietly powerful — a moving example of courage and inner strength. It was not loud or dramatic, but it left a deep impression on me. In a world where people often feel helpless when facing difficulties, this woman showed me that strength doesn’t always appear in big ways. Sometimes, it’s found in simple actions and daily choices. She lives in a remote village, far from the noise of the city. Life has not been easy for her. Years ago, she lost her only son — a loss that left a deep pain in her heart. Not long after, her husband passed away too, leaving her to face the world on her own. To make things harder, she doesn’t have a driver’s license and lives far from the nearest store, more than twenty kilometers away. With no public transport and no one to drive her, daily life became full of small but real challenges. She didn’t give in, though. Instead of waiting for help, she found her own solution. She bought a simple scooter (小型摩托车) — one that doesn’t require a license — and learned to ride it herself. Now, whenever she needs to go into town, she sets out alone, riding through fields and hills. For others, it might seem like an ordinary trip, but for her, it is a sign of her will and independence. Every time she arrives at the store, it’s more than just a success — it’s proof that she still has control over her life. Knowing her experience made me think deeply. Her courage doesn’t come from big words, but from the way she faces each day. In difficult times, she chooses to move forward rather than give up. Her story reminds us that true strength often shows in quiet ways-and that even in the hardest moments, we are stronger than we think. 1．What challenge did the woman face in daily life? A．Lacking even basic living skills. B．Having no access to daily necessities. C．Having difficulty with transport. D．Being unable to get a driver’s license. 2．How did the woman solve her problem? A．By riding a scooter. B．By getting a special permit. C．By taking public transportation. D．By moving closer to town. 3．What does the author think of the woman’s action? A．It is ordinary. B．It is demanding. C．It is temporary. D．It is inspiring. 4．What does the woman’s story mainly teach us? A．Rural life requires more flexibility. B．Small actions can show great strength. C．Social support is vital for survival. D．Technology simplifies daily challenges. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一位生活在偏远村庄、历经丧子丧夫之痛且交通不便的女性，通过自学骑小型摩托车解决出行问题，展现出强大的勇气和内在力量。 【详解】82．细节理解题。根据第二段中“To make things harder, she doesn’t have a driver’s license and lives far from the nearest store, more than twenty kilometers away. With no public transport and no one to drive her, daily life became full of small but real challenges. (更糟糕的是，她没有驾照，而且住的地方离最近的商店有二十多公里远。没有公共交通工具，也没有人开车送她，日常生活充满了虽小但切实存在的挑战。)”可知，这位女性在日常生活中面临的挑战是交通困难。故选C项。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“She bought a simple scooter (小型摩托车) — one that doesn’t require a license — and learned to ride it herself. Now, whenever she needs to go into town, she sets out alone, riding through fields and hills. (她买了一辆简单的小型摩托车——一辆不需要驾照的摩托车——并自己学会了骑它。现在，每当她需要进城时，她就独自出发，骑车穿过田野和山丘。)”可知，这位女性通过骑小型摩托车解决了自己的问题。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Today, I witnessed something quietly powerful a moving example of courage and inner strength. (今日，我目睹了一种静默却震撼人心的力量——那是一个关于勇气与内在坚韧的动人典范。)”以及最后一段“Her story reminds us that true strength often shows in quiet ways and that even in the hardest moments, we are stronger than we think. (她的故事提醒我们，真正的力量往往静默无声——即便在最艰难的时刻，我们也比自己想象的更加坚韧。)”可推断，作者认为这位女性的行为震撼人心，是勇气与内在坚韧的动人典范，所以她的行为是鼓舞人心的。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Sometimes, it’s found in simple actions and daily choices. (有时候，它存在于简单的行动和日常的选择中。)”以及最后一段“Her story reminds us that true strength often shows in quiet ways and that even in the hardest moments, we are stronger than we think. (她的故事提醒我们，真正的力量往往静默无声——即便在最艰难的时刻，我们也比自己想象的更加坚韧。)”可知，这位女性的故事主要告诉我们简单的行动和日常的选择，这类小行动也可以展现出巨大的力量。故选B项。 Passage 5 In the spring of 2012, Premont Independent School District in Premont, Texas, was in trouble. The state had threatened to shut it down for financial problems and academic failures. To cut costs, the district had moved the middle school to the high school building; the elementary school hadn’t had a music teacher in years; and the high school had sealed off the science labs. Yet they still had football, basketball, volleyball, track, tennis, cheerleading, and baseball teams. So superintendent (监管人) Emest Singleton made a big decision: He canceled sports. By canceling sports, the district could save $150,000 in one year. In many schools, sports are so popular that no one realizes their actual cost. New bleachers (露天看台) can cost half a million dollars. Maintaining a grass field can cost more than $20,000 a year. Schools also need to pay for various costs for the team, the band, and the cheerleaders. For home games, schools often pay for security, painting the lines on the field, and cleaning up. Distraction, however, may be the greatest cost of all. During football season in particular, focus shifts away from learning. Players spend long hours practicing to late-night. Fall of 2012 at Premont was extremely quiet. There were no Friday night games to look forward to, no cheerleaders making posters in the hallway. But this quiet had an advantage. That first semester,80 percent of students passed their classes, compared with 50 percent the previous fall. About 160 people attended parent-teacher night, compared with six the year before. Today, Premont has no debt, and the district will stay open. The science labs have even been repaired. This past spring, Premont brought back baseball, track, and tennis, but in a limited way. The district has a lot of work to do before its students can feel the kind of pride in their academics that they once felt in their sports teams. But students have proved their ability to adapt. Will more schools follow Premont’s lead? They should. 1．According to Paragraph 1, Premont Independent School District ________. A．valued music and science B．had to cut costs to stay open C．paid little attention to sports D．had good high school graduation rates 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Sports cost schools a lot of money. B．Sports are very popular in America. C．American schools think highly of sports. D．Schools should try to cover the cost of sports. 3．What’ can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．Many students love playing football. B．Sports help students increase their focus. C．It takes students little effort to play football. D．Sports distract students’ attention from learning. 4．After sports were canceled in Premont, ________. A．a lot of money was saved B．many other schools canceled sports C．half of the students passed their exams D．students found it hard to adapt to the new system 5．What is the author’s attitude toward Premont’s action of canceling sports? A．Curious. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive: D．Disapproving. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了德克萨斯州的Premont学区因财务和学业问题取消体育活动，节省资金且学生成绩提升、家长参与度增加，作者支持此举。 【详解】86．细节理解题。根据第一段“The state had threatened to shut it down for financial problems and academic failures. To cut costs, the district had moved the middle school to the high school building; the elementary school hadn’t had a music teacher in years; and the high school had sealed off the science labs.(该州曾因财政问题和学业失败威胁要关闭该校。为了削减成本，该学区将中学搬到了高中大楼；那所小学已经很多年没有音乐老师了；高中已经封锁了科学实验室。)”可知，该学区因为财政问题和学业成绩不佳面临关闭的威胁，为了削减成本采取了一系列措施。所以它必须削减成本来维持学校的运营。故选B项。 1．主旨大意题。根据第三段“New bleachers (露天看台) can cost half a million dollars. Maintaining a grass field can cost more than $20,000 a year. Schools also need to pay for various costs for the team, the band, and the cheerleaders.(新的露天看台要花费50万美元。维护一片草地每年要花费2万多美元。学校还需要支付球队、乐队和啦啦队员的各种费用。)”可知，列举了建造露天看台、维护草坪、支付团队等各种费用，主要是说明体育活动花费学校很多钱。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Distraction, however, may be the greatest cost of all. During football season in particular, focus shifts away from learning. Players spend long hours practicing to late-night.( 然而，分心可能是最大的代价。特别是在足球赛季，人们的注意力从学习上转移了。选手们花很长时间练习到深夜。)”可知，体育活动分散了学生学习的注意力。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“By canceling sports, the district could save$150,000 in one year.( 通过取消体育活动，该学区可以在一年内节省15万美元。)”可知，取消体育活动后，该学区一年能节省15万美元。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在文中讲述了Premont 学区取消体育活动后带来的积极变化，如学生成绩提高、家长参与度增加、学校没有债务等，并且最后文章末尾说“Will more schools follow Premont’s lead? They should.( 会有更多的学校效仿Premont吗？他们应该。)”由此可知，表明作者支持 Premont 取消体育活动的做法。故选C项。 Passage 6 As is known to everyone, the options we make have an effect on our future. Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. But on the other hand, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused admission to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future I had imagined will never be. All these are all from a bad choice! However, your choices affect your future in a way that is a lot more complicated. This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character. Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. No matter when you make a choice, your character changes or grows, or diminishes depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish. Your character is being made by you, bit by bit, choice by choice. And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation. Some will argue this is not true. After all, the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice. We cannot choose when and where to be born, whether our families will be rich or poor, kind or cruel. We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives. With so much that we cannot choose, how can we be said to be responsible for anything? There is some truth in this. We are thrown into life without any say over the matter, and have little control over most of it. However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances. We can choose to keep struggling in hard times, or to give up. This ability to choose how we behave and respond is a great gift. It is our key to having confidence in the future. It is human nature to fear the future, as the future is unknown. You can’t entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, formed by years of making good choices, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of. At every moment, then, practise forming your character when you make your choices, no matter how small they are. Remember: your choices form your character. And your character determines your future. 1．What example does the author use to illustrate the impact of bad choices on the future?​ A．A student who fails to get into university due to laziness despite good academic potential.​ B．A person who can’t choose their birthplace and family background.​ C．Someone who gives up easily during hard times.​ D．An individual who is afraid of the unknown future.​ 2．What can we infer from the passage?​ A．We have no control over any aspect of our lives except making choices.​ B．Good character formed by making wise choices gives us confidence in the future.​ C．External factors like birthplace and family background have no impact on our life.​ D．Small choices in daily life don’t matter in shaping our character. 3．In the author’s opinion, what is the most important thing we can control in life?​ A．When and where to be born.​ B．Whether our families will be rich or poor.​ C．How we respond to different circumstances.​ D．Who we will meet in our lives. 4．According to the passage, why are our choices closely related to our future?​ A．Because choices directly decide our social status.​ B．Because choices can influence our character which determines our future.​ C．Because making choices helps us gain more control over external circumstances.​ D．Because every choice we make ensures a successful future. 5．What is the main idea of the passage?​ A．The ways to make good choices in different situations.​ B．The uncontrollable factors existing in our life.​ C．The significant relationship between our choices, character and future.​ D．The importance of having confidence in the future. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是人生选择、性格塑造与未来发展的密切关系，强调通过明智的选择培养优秀品格，以增强对未来的信心。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. But on the other hand, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused admission to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future I had imagined will never be. All these are all from a bad choice!(假设我是一个聪明且成绩优异的学生。但另一方面，由于我过于懒惰，我在考试中表现不佳。我被大学拒绝录取，也找不到一份好工作。我所想象的美好未来将永远无法实现。这一切都源于一个错误的选择！)”可知，作者用“一个尽管有良好的学习潜力但因懒惰而未能考上大学的学生”来说明错误选择对未来的不良影响。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“However, your choices affect your future in a way that is a lot more complicated. This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character. Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. No matter when you make a choice, your charact$ 专题03 阅读理解（期末复习专项训练） 语篇类型一: 应用文（4篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市越秀区·期末） Guangdong is home to many excellent birdwatching destinations, from coastal flats to quiet wetlands. Here are four must-visit destinations for bird enthusiasts to capture the beauty of migratory birds in their natural habitat. Haizhu Wetland, Guangzhou Located in the heart of Guangzhou, Haizhu Wetland serves as the city’s green lungs, with rich water networks and abundant birdlife. After years of ecological restoration, it has become a crucial stop for migratory birds. Over 200 bird species can be observed here, making it a must-visit for nature enthusiasts. Recently, a rare ruddy shelduck was recorded in the area. Shenzhen Bay Park Shenzhen Bay’s coastal wetlands are home to abundant fish and shrimp, making it an ideal feeding ground for migratory birds. From October to May, tens of thousands of migratory birds, including the black-faced spoonbill, tufted duck, and northern shoveler, stop here. This park is not only a birdwatcher’s paradise but also a scenic spot for visitors to enjoy seaside views. Xinghu National Wetland Park, Zhaoqing Xinghu National Wetland Park, with its numerous islands, vast water areas, and abundant fish and shrimp, provides an ideal feeding ground for migratory birds. From October to April, the area attracts flocks of migratory birds alongside resident species like the white egret. Visitors can enjoy breathtaking views of flocks of herons (鹭) in flight while cruising past the wild bird islands. Bird’s Paradise National Wetland Park, Jiangmen Famously described as the “Bird Paradise” by renowned author Ba Jin, Bird’s Paradise National Wetland Park is not only a natural birdwatching haven, but also the largest heron breeding ground in South China, with thousands hatched here annually. Its centerpiece—a 400-year-old water banyan tree—has grown into a 13,000 m² forest, home to tens of thousands of birds. During the breeding season in March and April, many visitors take boat tours along the river to witness Ba Jin’s poetic descriptions. 1．What unique feature does Haizhu wetland offer to birdwatchers? A．A 400-year-old water banyan tree. B．Boat tours during March and April. C．Coastal wetlands with abundant fish and shrimp. D．Over 200 bird species and a rare ruddy shelduck. 2．What do Shenzhen Bay Park and Xinghu National Wetland Park have in common? A．Their wetlands offer abundant food resources. B．They both have clean waters and green shores. C．They are both crucial stops with rich water networks. D．Ecological restoration has made them an ideal feeding ground. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A travel magazine. B．An ecological report. C．An academic journal. D．A geography textbook. Passage 2（2025高二下·甘肃省临夏州·期末） College Library The Library has over 41,000 current printed books serving the needs of students, staff, and researchers. Our main library is the Working Library, which houses our modern materials. The first floor is a Reading Room that also serves as a study area. Our Library aims to provide all books needed for undergraduate Tripos Part Ⅰ papers, and as many as possible for Part Ⅱ papers. Some material may also support postgraduate studies. Opening Hours and Admission Policy Members of College are allowed access 24 hours a day, in both full term and vacation, using their University ID card. Readers are reminded not to admit nonmembers to the Library. Staff Operating Hours The Library is usually staffed 9 am – 5 pm, Monday to Friday throughout term and vacation. The library office is located on the first floor opposite the library entrance. At any time, staffing may be affected by meetings, training courses, annual leave, sickness absence and other factors, so users who need to be certain of staff help are recommended to contact Library staff in advance. Library Services Books can be borrowed and returned via the self-issue terminals in the Reading Room (instructions are provided next to the terminals) in the Working Library on the first floor. Please place returned books on the “Returned Books” carts to the left of the self-issue terminals. Alternatively you can ask a member of staff. To renew a book, please log in to your account or ask a staff member. We follow a NO FINES policy, but do fine for lost books. Borrowing rights are available to all members. Nonmembers can consult materials in the Working Library but cannot borrow. 1．When can a member seek help from a staff? A．Any time of the year. B．9 am – 5 pm on weekdays. C．Any day during the term. D．Every day except vacations. 2．What can non-members do in the Library? A．Check out limited books each time. B．Borrow books with student ID card. C．Access materials via their accounts. D．Consult books without taking them out. 3．Where can we find this text? A．On a university website. B．In a library journal. C．In a city brochure. D．On an admission notice. Passage 3（2025高二下·福建省福州市福九联盟·期末） Who was? — a series of books published by Penguin Workshop and designed for children aged from 8 to 12 — tells the incredible stories of trailblazers (开拓者), legends, innovators, and creators. The following are four books about them. Who Was Selena? As a young girl, Selena Quintanilla sang in a band called Selena Y Los Dinos with her brother and sister. The family performed at fairs, weddings, parties and on street corners in their native Texas. Selena learned how to sing in Spanish and soon became hugely popular within the Latino community — so much so that she became the best selling Latin artists of the 1990s. Who Was Chuck Jones? Charles Jones was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer and director of many classic animated cartoon shots. They starred Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Pepé Le Pew, Porky Pig and many other Warner Brothers characters. Jones won three Academy Awards and received an honorary Oscar. His career spanned almost seventy years, during which he made over 250 animated films. Who Was Leif Erikson? Leif Erikson was born to be an explorer. His father, Erik the Red, had established the first European settlement in present-day Greenland, and although he didn’t yet know it, Leif was destined to engage in a risky journey of his own. The wise and striking Viking landed in the area known as Vinland almost five centuries before Christopher Columbus even set sail! Who Is Ralph Lauren? Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat-up leather jackets. He got his start in the fashion business by selling ties that he designed. From ties he went on to create a global fashion empire. 1．What is special about Selana? A．She had a very long career. B．She had a humble beginning. C．She won two Academy Awards. D．She made many animated films. 2．What played a major role in Ralph Lauren’s business success? A．His special talent. B．His great ambition. C．His childhood experience. D．His educational background. 3．Which would be the best choice for a teen with a spirit of adventure? A．Who Was Selena? B．Who Was Chuck Jones? C．Who Was Leif Erikson? D．Who Is Ralph Lauren? Passage4（2025高二下·天津市河东区·期末） For decades, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has played a big role in establishing and securing World Heritage Sites of cultural and natural importance. These are some sites on its World Heritage List. Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture (Russia) This group of monuments is located in the historic city of Pskov. The structures, many of which are churches, were all designed by the Pskov School of Architecture. It was a leading school of building design in the country, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some elements common to Pskov architecture date back to the 12th century. Babylon (Iraq) The ancient city of Babylon was once a main tourist site before Iraq suffered several wars. The city with a history of more than 4,000 years is where dynasties have risen and fallen since the earliest days of settled human civilization. UNESCO says the site “offers a look into one of the most influential empires of the ancient world”. Writing-on-Stone (Canada) Canada’s Writing-on-Stone monument has a large number of protected rock paintings and rock carvings. Some of them are about 2,000 years old. The markings were left by Blackfoot Native Americans, who lived in parts of Western Canada and the far northern United States. The land that makes up Writing-on-Stone is filled with rock posts that have been formed into “spectacular shapes” by erosion (侵蚀). Paraty and IIha Grande (Brazil) The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island IIha Grande are already popular places for visitors to Brazil’s Rio de Janeiro state. Paraty was the end-point of the Gold Route, along which gold was shipped to Europe in the 1600s: The area is also the home to a huge number of animals, some of which are in danger now. 1．What do we know about the buildings in Pskov? A．They are merely churches. B．They are a group of ancient schools. C．Their paintings are about 2,000 years old. D．Their designs came from the same school. 2．Which of the following shows us the earliest ancient civilization? A．Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture. B．Babylon. C．Writing-on-Stone. D．Paraty and IIha Grande. 3．What can we learn from the Writing-on-Stone monument? A．It is the best-preserved monument in Canada B．It enjoys great popularity with visitors. C．It reflects the culture of the natives. D．Its markings were formed by nature. 4．What can visitors see in Paraty and IIha Grande? A．Coastal scenery. B．Shipping activities. C．Gold mining equipment. D．Rare European plants and animals. 5．What is the text meant to do? A．Call on people to recommend more ancient heritage sites. B．Inform people of basic information about UNESCO. C．Encourage people to visit four famous cities. D．Introduce four World Heritage Sites. 语篇类型二: 记叙文（4篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市天河区·期末） I never imagined that a Chinese figure would become my guiding star and the inspiration behind a global movement. In 2018, I first came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and actively participated in the university’s public welfare activities. Local people often called me “Yang Lei Feng”, which I later learned means “foreign Lei Feng”. Curious, I checked him online and discovered a young soldier known for his dedication to helping others. The more I read, the more I saw how his values matched the principles I desired to follow. Growing up in Bangladesh, I was fully aware of the challenges facing my community and my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were unpleasant realities that I witnessed firsthand. These experiences fired up my determination to contribute to positive change and ease the suffering of others. Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day — alongside young people from different countries at JUFE. Our mission is to support children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness, and enhance cross-cultural understanding. Through these efforts, we continue to keep Lei Feng’s spirit alive in a modern, global context. To know more about this young man, I traveled in 2023 to Liaoning province. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall in Fushun, the city where he spent much of his life. The exhibits — his photographs, personal belongings, and diary entries — offered a glimpse into his selflessness. Returning from the trip, on Lei Feng Day in 2023, I took a bold step to spread his legacy beyond China by launching the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. What began as a vision to promote his values internationally has since grown into a global movement, now spanning 15 countries. In a world often focused on individual success, Lei Feng’s philosophy of selflessness and community service felt more relevant than ever. His life was not about grand gestures but rather a series of small acts of kindness that, when multiplied, can create a better world for all. 1．Why did the author start the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association? A．To provide special support for children. B．To strengthen cooperation among students. C．To inspire global community service. D．To promote China-Bangladesh exchange. 2．What is the correct order of the following events? a. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall. b. I became a student of Jiangxi University in China. c. I set up Lei Feng International Volunteer Association. d. I found many people in my hometown in need of help. e. I launched the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. A．dbcae. B．dabce. C．bdcea. D．bcade. 3．Which statement does the author probably agree with? A．Be sure what you do is true to what you say. B．Always act according to what you know is right. C．Individual success is not so important today. D．Real greatness is being kind to the unimportant. Passage 2（2025高二下·甘肃省临夏州·期末） Paul, one of Australians living with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), is also wheelchair-bound. The first time I met Paul, he had a fierce determination in his eyes and a smile that wanted to taste victory. It was clear that he would stop at nothing to make his dream of climbing Mount Kosciuszko a reality. To his credit, he did it to raise funds for a cause close to his heart. And finally, he climbed the mountain with the help of our team of determined explorers. We made the 450-kilometer journey from Sydney to begin our adventure. Then on the morning of our big day, we set out earlier than the sun to Charlotte’s Pass — our start and our finish. With our bellies filled with coffee and our souls with excitement, we put on our harnesses (背带), pulled Paul and began our mission. The first 1 kilometer of our journey was mostly flat. Upon reaching Seaman’s Hut at the 6-kilometer mark, the weather shifted, with strong winds, a drop in temperature, and storm clouds appearing in the distance. Nonetheless, we battled on to Rawson’s Pass at 7.6 kilometers. We took a break to refuel our bodies. By this stage, everyone was starting to feel tired, but we were determined to conquer the last 900 meters to the top. Up until this point, the road was mostly well-worn, enabling our harness system to run smoothly. The last leg tested our persistence and teamwork, forcing us to climb over rocks and narrow platforms. Suddenly all of the sweat, aching muscles and lack of sleep didn’t matter. We had made it to the top of Australia, and there could not be a more beautiful experience than seeing the joy on everyone’s face. But we were only halfway through our mission. We still needed to return to Charlotte’s Pass to celebrate our victory with all the other teams involved. It was a quiet journey back, with everyone worn out and hungry. Then, almost 9 hours after we had left it, we ran to a cheering crowd. 1．What do we know about Paul? A．He hoped to get rid of his wheelchair. B．He dreamt of conquering Mount Kosciuszko. C．He achieved nothing due to illness. D．He competed with other people. 2．Which word best describes the climbing of the team? A．Exhausting. B．Smooth. C．Enjoyable. D．Discouraging. 3．What about the road after Rawson’s Pass? A．Winding. B．Well-worn. C．Destroyed. D．Challenging. 4．What does the author think is the most important about this climbing? A．The pleasure it brings. B．The scenery along the way. C．The teamwork of the members. D．The pursuit of success. Passage 3（2025高二下甘肃省天水市·期末） When Margaret Elenis was first diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer, she was extremely upset. It was hard for her to look at her 2-year-old son. She didn’t want him to live with the heartbreak of missing her. So she decided to fight. Her dream and experience inspired her to help families improve their health, leading her to start her own business with her sister Nina. This unique business combines a modern indoor play space with an organic café, promoting healthy lifestyles for families. Currently, the company operates two locations, creating opportunities for families to enjoy healthy fun together. Margaret’s cancer journey is a daily struggle. She schedules her treatment around her busy routine, ensuring both business and family needs are met. “Every day is about surviving,” she says. Despite the challenges, she remains committed to being a mom and a business owner. “I fight hard to be a good mom, fight to heal, and fight to grow my business,” she explains. She squeezes in five hours of treatment daily while managing two store locations and caring for her family. Margaret’s support system is crucial. Her sister Nina is her partner in business and life, allowing her to focus on healing. Her husband, parents, and dedicated team help her manage the demands of her health and business. Dr Amy Norris, a cancer recovery expert, notes that cancer treatment and its side effects are long-lasting, making Margaret’s balancing act even more remarkable. Margaret’s advice to other moms facing health challenges is to cherish each day. “If you have today, you have the world” she says. She remains positive about the future, hoping to see her children grow up and expand her business. “The possibilities are endless,” she says. Margaret’s journey has taught her to appreciate every moment and prioritize health above all else. “I wouldn’t take this part of my life away,” she shares. “This journey has shaped who I am, and it’s really shown me the potential that the future has.” 1．What inspired Margaret to struggle against cancer? A．Her desire for survival. B．Her great motherly love. C．Her decision to help others. D．Her dream to start business. 2．How does Margaret manage her daily routine? A．By turning to her sister for help. B．By focusing on her own business. C．By prioritizing her health over family. D．By integrating treatment with family and work. 3．Which of the following can best describe Margaret? A．Optimistic and determined. B．Ambitious and proud. C．Responsible and humorous. D．Curious and kind. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Margaret’s business expansion plan. B．Margaret’s struggle with breast cancer. C．A mother’s fighting for life and dream. D．The story of a successful businesswoman. Passage 4（2025高二下·福建省莆田市·期末） In the 2010s, 34-year-old Brianne Miller travelled around the world as a marine biologist. No matter how remote the location, she made the same alarming discovery: large amounts of plastic littering the water and threatening marine life. Miller knew she needed to do something. Determined to fix the problem at the source, she planned to open a shop that went further than banning plastic bags. In 2015, she cold-called a Vancouver Patagonia store and, explaining how her mission mirrored that brand’s emphasis on sustainability, convinced its managers to host her first pop-up (快闪店). Her stock consisted of about 10 jars of dried strawberries, locally made chocolate and nuts. She sold out in one afternoon—and knew she was onto something. In June 2018, after 18 months of successful pop-ups, Miller opened Nada, one of Canada’s first zero-waste grocery stores. Designed for easy zero-waste shopping, it offers free and upcycled containers at the entrance, so customers can choose to bring their own or use the provided ones. Nada sells the food items you’d expect—all 100 percent package-free. Miller also turned to online ordering and delivery. Everything from olive oil to fresh eggs (and you can purchase just one, if you’d like) comes delivered in upcycled containers, which are collected (and reused again, of course) with the next round of deliveries. Those containers do much more than just reduce waste. They get people thinking big, just as Miller had hoped they would. “They’re tagged with Nada stickers, so you can see how many times the container has been used,” she says, and then smiles. “If you open someone’s pantry (食品储藏室) and see all of these Nada-branded packages, it’s bound to start a conversation.” 1．What inspired Brianne Miller to take action? A．Her ambition to establish a zero-waste brand. B．The plastic pollution threatening marine life. C．Her passion for sustainable food production. D．The cooperation offered from Patagonia store. 2．What does the underline word “something” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．A difficult problem to solve. B．A personal hobby to pursue. C．A promising business opportunity. D．A complicated marketing strategy. 3．What is special about Nada? A．It only sells local products. B．It aims at zero-waste shopping. C．It offers free food to customers. D．It has the largest number of containers. 4．How did Miller expect the containers to influence people? A．By making them buy more products. B．By encouraging them to collect stickers. C．By promoting reflection on environment. D．By teaching them how to reuse containers. 语篇类型三: 说明文（6篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市越秀区·期末） Most of us have some “gut feelings” that we can’t explain. For example, when we hunt for a new house, we might suddenly like it a lot or dislike it right away. Or when we meet new people, we make instant judgements on them without careful thought. Research done by Leeds University shows that these feelings, or intuitions, are real and we should take them seriously. According to the research, intuition is the result of the way our brains store, process and obtain information on a subconscious (潜意识的) level, and so is a real psychological phenomenon that needs further study to help us unlock its potential. There are many cases where intuition prevented major disasters, and cases of remarkable recoveries when doctors followed their gut feelings. Yet, science has historically questioned the concept of intuition, labelling it as “anti-scientific”. Through analysis of a wide range of research papers examining the phenomenon, researchers have concluded that intuition is the brain drawing on past experiences and external cues to decide — but one that happens so fast that the reaction is on a non-conscious level. All we’re aware of is a general feeling that something is right or wrong. Researchers believe that people usually experience true intuition when they are under severe time pressure or in a situation of information overload or acute danger, where conscious analysis of the situation may be difficult or impossible. They cite a Formula One driver, who once braked suddenly before a sharp U-turn without knowing why. This automatic reaction saved him from crashing into a pile of cars ahead, likely preventing a fatal accident. Though he couldn’t explain his urge to stop, it overrode his competitive drive to win. After psychologists showed the driver a video replay, he realized at that very moment the crowd wasn’t cheering as usual — they stood frozen, staring in the opposite direction as he approached the U-turn. That was the cue. He didn’t consciously process this, but he knew something was wrong and stopped in time. Researchers believe that all intuitive experiences are based on the automatic evaluation of such internal and external cues. They say that we clearly need both conscious and non - conscious thought processes, but neither is superior to the other. 1．What does the research from Leeds University indicate? A．Gut feelings are not reliable in daily life. B．People ought to trust their intuitive feelings. C．Intuition is just a random psychological response. D．Intuitive responses often lead to wrong decisions. 2．According to Paragraph 3, what can we infer about intuition? A．Intuition is a random guess with no logical basis. B．Intuition only works in life - threatening situations. C．Intuition relies on conscious analysis of visible dangers. D．Intuition involves subconscious processing of external cues. 3．Which of the following real-life situations best illustrates the application of intuition? A．A shopper picks a product simply because its package looks attractive. B．A firefighter suddenly reroutes a rescue mission after sensing some hidden risks. C．A student solves math problems by strictly following formulas and logical reasoning. D．A student quickly guesses random answers without consideration during a timed quiz. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this article? A．To describe how brains process external cues. B．To criticize the overuse of intuition in daily life. C．To compare conscious and subconscious thinking. D．To explain the scientific basis and value of intuition. Passage 2（2025高二下·甘肃省临夏州·期末） The Nazca Lines (纳斯卡线条) are a famous group of huge ancient drawings in the desert in southern Peru. The Nazca people made the drawings by removing the reddish top layer of rocks in the desert. This revealed the lighter dirt underneath. The drawings are called “geoglyphs (地画)”. They were usually drawn with a single long, winding line. Many of the lines are extremely long, and can only be fully seen from the air. The largest geoglyph line is around 366 meters long. But most of the newly-found geoglyphs are smaller than the ones already discovered, and are roughly 9 meters in length. Many of the new geoglyphs seem to show humans, as well as animals. To find the new geoglyphs, the scientists trained a special AI program to analyze satellite images for likely geoglyphs. The AI program made a lot of mistakes — for every 36 possible geoglyphs the program found, the researchers discovered roughly one actual geoglyph. Even so, the new method turned up geoglyphs much faster than the scientists could have managed without drones (无人机) and AI. “What used to take three or four years, can now be done in two or three days,” said Johny Isla, who’s in charge of studying the Nazca Lines for the country of Peru. The researchers are still trying to figure out what the geoglyphs mean. Masato Sakai, who led the research, says the new discoveries are helping scientists learn more. For one thing, the scientists discovered a system of paths in the Nazca Desert. These paths aren’t far from groups of the smaller geoglyphs. The researchers believe the paths were made by the Nazca people walking through the desert, and that the smaller geoglyphs were meant to be seen by these travelers. The scientists think the way these smaller geoglyphs are grouped together may be the key to understanding them. The larger geoglyphs, which can only be fully seen and understood from the air, are different, and may have been used for ceremonies or other special events. 1．What do we know about the Nazca Lines from the first two paragraphs? A．They are bright red in color. B．They consist mainly of straight lines. C．They come in different sizes. D．They are invisible on the ground. 2．What does Johny Isla think of the AI program? A．Efficient. B．Groundbreaking. C．Time-consuming. D．Questionable. 3．What will be the focus of the following research on the Nazca Lines? A．The function of the path system. B．The way smaller geoglyphs are grouped. C．The reason why Nazca people liked the drawings. D．The purpose of creating the Nazca Lines. 4．What can be the best title of this text? A．AI Tools Help Find Ancient Nazca Lines B．All Functions of the Nazca Lines Revealed C．Viewing the Nazca Lines from the Air D．The Nazca Lines Come back to Life with AI Passage 3（2025高二下·福建省福州市福九联盟·期末） This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope. Why depressing? Because the report confirmed what scientists have been saying for years: That human activity, particularly in the form of emissions of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the warming in the past few centuries, and that unless such emissions are greatly reduced, we will soon bring about our entire ecosystem’s destruction. The report concluded that 1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years is already “baked in”. This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement — that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C and hopefully below 1.5°C — much harder to meet. Worse still, the IPCC report was followed later in the year by the COP27 summit (峰会), described by Prof. Dann Mitchell, as “a complete failure, other than some commitment to loss and damage.” And the ray of hope? The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies — looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane, for instance. “Reducing carbon emissions is always the best approach: stop the problem at its source,” said Mitchell. “But we also need other approaches to help with this. Methane is important, but it’s so short-lived — that’s why we haven’t been so bothered when compared with CO2.” The IPCC working groups showed potential adaptation paths, and they are the other things we can do in terms of fighting climate change and relieving its worst effects, rather than simply reducing carbon emissions. This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO2, which is already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released. 1．Which of the following can best describe the sixth report by IPCC? A．Seemingly contradictory. B．Wholly promising. C．Particularly hopeless. D．Exceptionally new. 2．What does the underlined phrase “baked in” in paragraph 2 mean? A．out of date. B．in progress. C．under discussion. D．under control. 3．According to the passage, what can we learn about methane? A．It has been long regarded as a major source of global warming. B．It is considered as a new approach to reducing global warming. C．Its boost to global warming is as much as other greenhouse gases. D．Its role in global warming had been overlooked before the report. 4．How many aspects do the adaptation paths involve in the last paragraph? A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5 Passage 4（2025高二下·天津市河东区·期末） Many people confuse hard-working people with workaholics (工作狂). What are some characteristics of workaholics? How could a person tell that he/ she is a workaholic? A workaholic works long hours, at the expense of personal relationships and health. When not working, they’ re thinking about work. Work influences their mood: When work is going well, they’ re up; when work is going less well, they’ re down. Working, or simply being busy, can be a hard habit to break. When workaholics aren’t busy working — or doing something to promote their work — they feel anxious and guilty. There is a link between health problems and workaholism. Just because work itself is a respectable pursuit (追求) doesn’t mean that an addiction to it is any less damaging than other sorts of addictions. A number of studies show that workaholism has been associated with a wide range of health problems, such as anxiety and heart disease Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well. A study found that working too much negatively influenced an employee’s marriage. This isn’t surprising,since if you’re married to your work it can be difficult to be married to anything, or anyone, else.There have also been studies looking at the influence of workaholic parents on their children and the news isn’t good. Adult children of workaholic fathers experienced more depression and anxiety and a weaker sense of self. However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards. For many, it’s how they develop feelings of self worth and confidence and purpose. If you have a workaholic in your life you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it’s a child’s soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a resolution. 1．What can we learn from the text? A．Work has stronger effects on workaholics than on others. B．Hard-working people enjoy bester health than other people do. C．Workaholics work to build better relationships. D．Workaholics care more about their hdalth than others do. 2．When workaholics are not busy working, they ________. A．promote their work B．form a bad habit easily C．feel uneasy and insecure D．have a chance to prove their own value 3．What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．Bad influences of workaholism. B．Different patterns of workaholics. C．How people deal with their addictions. D．How hard-working people differ from workaholics. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards working hard? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Negative. D．Curious. 5．What can we do to help a workaholic in life? A．Force him to join family activities. B．Reward him for his hard work. C．Help him find self worth and confidence. D．Try to be understanding and supporting. Passage 5（2025高二下·福建省莆田市·期末） It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out to be wrong. A recent study finds that the woman in the famous painting is actually gazing 15.4 degrees to the right of the viewer—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. The study’s author, Horstmann said, “She’s not really looking at you, which is kind of funny because people often think the subject’s gaze in artworks or photos seems to follow them around. This is called the ‘Mona Lisa effect’. Even if someone is painted looking straight, viewers from different angles still feel they’re being looked at.”As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the “Mona Lisa effect” occurs. Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him. To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers had 24 people look at pictures of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer. They put a ruler between the screen and the viewer. They asked the people to see where Mona Lisa’s eyes met the ruler. They moved the ruler to measure Mona Lisa’s gaze. They found that most people thought Mona Lisa wasn’t looking directly at them, but a bit to their right. So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first came up with the name “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name. 1．What gaze range in a painting will cause the “Mona Lisa effect”? A． B． C． D． 2．Why did Horstmann conduct the experiment? A．To confirm Horstmann’s new discovery. B．To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze. C．To prove Mona Lisa is looking straight back. D．To explain how the “Mona Lisa effect” can be applied. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．The position of the ruler will determine the viewers’ judgement. B．Horstmann thinks it’s cool to invent the term “Mona Lisa effect”. C．The “Mona Lisa effect” contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence. D．Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Positive Effect of “Mona Lisa” B．The Magical Gaze of “Mona Lisa” C．The Measurement of Mona Lisa’ Gaze D．The Application of the “Mona Lisa effect” Passage 6（2025高二下·广东省汕头市·期末） Shannon Baker, a landscape architect at Waterfront Toronto, pauses to point out a red-tailed hawk (鹰) flying over the restored Don River valley — a sight unimaginable eight years ago when this site was a deadly industrial zone. The hawk’s presence symbolizes the success of Canada’s most ambitious urban ecological project: transforming 300 hectares of abandoned factories and oil tanks into a lively ecosystem. In the 1880s, the Don River was rerouted into the Keating Channel to create land for a new port. For over a century since then, it regularly flooded surrounding areas. Engineers solved this by carving a 1.3-kilometre riverbed reconnecting the waterway to Lake Ontario. The scale of effort to make the new river extension has been enormous: four-plus years of construction; roads lifted or moved and multiple bridges built; 1.4 million cubic metres of polluted soil treated and reused or replaced. Most remarkably, bioengineered “instant forests” were created using interlocking root systems and layered soils to create mature ecosystems. “For me, the project is about reconnection,” says Baker. “We’re reconnecting the river to the lake, and in this process, reconnecting people.” Perhaps the deepest reconnections are with local Indigenous communities, who settled in the area centuries before the city’s creation. Waterfront Toronto engaged the MinoKamik Collective, an elder-led native environmental consultancy, to help design the planting strategy. “We put in wetland plants to help stabilize the riverbank and draw in animals,” says Shelley Charles, leader of the native elders. “When we met on the land at the start of the project, there was nothing there. It was like an artist’s canvas (画布). Now when you stand in the same place today, you’re able to walk along the river. It’s unbelievable.” Baker agrees and points out that people visiting the site today for the first time might not appreciate what’s been done. “Because when you look at the river as well as the wetland now, it looks like it’s always been there.” 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By showing data. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving an appeal. D．By raising an assumption. 2．What is the primary purpose of the new river extension? A．To prevent flooding. B．To attract wildlife. C．To create a new port. D．To build new roads. 3．What is Charles’s attitude towards the project? A．Proud. B．Concerned. C．Unbelieving. D．Indifferent. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Waterfront: A History Of Toronto B．Keating Channel: A Nature Restoration Project C．The River Extension: From Wasteland To Wetland D．MinoKamik Collective: Between Indigenous And Natives 语篇类型四: 议论文+ 新闻报告（4篇） Passage 1（2025高二下·广东省广州市天河区·期末） When I talk about punishments here, I do not mean what we’ve come to think of punishments: something an angry parent yells while red in the face, taking away their kid’s social life for a month. Actually, a punishment is a negative consequence that reduces the chance an undesirable behavior (行为) will happen again. What I’m supporting is negative consequences. Some mommy blogs have been telling parents to drop consequences completely. The reason for this suggestion is that giving kids consequences breaks the parent-child connection. But decades of research on behavioral parenting say it’s completely wrong. Here’s what the research shows about negative consequences: When kids misbehave (不守规矩) and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well. This is because a few important things happen in this situation: Parents model emotional control. They don’t lose it. They know what to do, so they can stay in control. They don’t try something that isn’t working many times and then get upset when it doesn’t work. They stay calm and in control. Kids respond to what they see. When parents are in control, kids are often able to get into control more quickly themselves. Parents teach kids the rules. Kids tend to do well when they know the rules. Most kids want to follow the rules (at least most of the time). It’s kids’ job to test the rules. That is part of developing independence, which happens throughout healthy development. If parents respond to these tests by letting kids know the limits, kids feel safe and secure. They feel secure because they can expect what will happen in response to their behavior. Feeling secure and safe makes kids feel connected to their parents. There you go, you can have consequences and connection together. 1．What does the author advise parents to do when kids misbehave? A．Leave them alone. B．Stop them angrily. C．Tell them the bad result. D．Cut off their network. 2．What may happen when parents give kids negative consequences? A．Kids will break the rules. B．Kids will lose emotional control. C．Kids will test their parents’ patience. D．Kids will reduce their misbehavior. 3．What will be discussed next about giving a consequence? A．Its importance. B．Its purpose. C．Its methods. D．Its disadvantages. Passage2（2025高二下·甘肃省天水市·期末） With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. However, the benefits of volunteering can be great. Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer. While it’s true that the more you volunteer, the more benefits you’ll experience. Volunteering doesn’t have to involve a long-term commitment or take a huge amount of time out of your busy day. Giving in even simple ways can help those in need and improve your health and happiness. The right match can help you to connect with the community, learn new skills, find new friends, and even advance your career. One of the well-known benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community. Volunteering allows you to connect to your community and make it a better place. Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference to the lives of people, animals, and organizations in need. And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the cause you choose to help. Dedicating your time as a volunteer helps you make new friends, expand your network, and boost your social skills. Volunteering also increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. Once you have momentum, it’s easier to branch out and make more friends and contacts. Furthermore, one of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen existing relationships is to commit to a shared activity together. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially if you are new to an area. It strengthens your ties to the community and broadens your support network, exposing you to people with common interests, neighborhood resources, and fun and fulfilling activities. 1．What does the author mean by saying “volunteering is a two-way street”? A．It needs your time and practice. B．It needs both courage and devotion. C．It benefits both givers and takers. D．It has both strengths and weaknesses. 2．What does the underlined word “momentum” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Determination. B．Motivation. C．Information. D．Experience. 3．What might the author continue talking about? A．Why volunteering is a must to your community. B．How volunteering is helpful for you to make friends. C．Why volunteering is beneficial to your mind and body. D．How volunteering is crucial for your future occupation. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Advantages of Volunteer Activities B．Volunteering and Your Friendship C．Puzzles in Doing Volunteer Activities D．Ways to Find People with Common Interests Passage 3（2025高二下·甘肃省多校·期末） An 8-year-old Pekingese (北京哈巴狗) is the winner of this year’s World’s Ugliest Dog Contest. This is the first victory for Wild Thang, a 5-time competitor in the annual event held at the Sonoma-Marin Fair in the northern California city of Petaluma. The Pekingese, whose owner Ann Lewis received $5,000 in prize money, placed second three times before coming out on top this year. With his long and extremely fluffy coat and stick-out tongue, Wild Thang, who grew up in Los Angeles but now resides in North Bend, Oregon, was one of eight dogs competing for the famous title on Friday evening. “Wild Thang was a fan favourite,” said California State Treasurer Fiona Ma, one of the judges. “The fact that he had been competing for five times and only came in second, kind of like the bridesmaid (伴娘) and never the bride, really tugged at our heartstrings. He deserved to win.” Ma added some fun facts about Wild Thang. “He’s never had a haircut,” she said. “He likes to sleep on ice packs, believe it or not. And he is just a sweet dog.” Most of the dogs in the contest are rescues. According to his Biography (传记) on the fair’s press site, Wild Thang contracted distemper (瘟热) from a rescue when he was young. “He survived, but not without permanent damage,” his biography states. “His teeth did not grow in, causing his tongue to stay out and his right front leg paddles.” “This world-known event celebrates the imperfections that make all dogs special and unique,” states the World’s Ugliest Dog Contest website. “The annual World’s Ugliest Dog Contest is not about making fun of ‘ugly’ dogs, but having fun with some wonderful characters and showing the world that these dogs are really beautiful!” 1．Which is true about Wild Thang? A．He is a competitor from Beijing. B．He hadn’t won the first prize before. C．He has long hair and frequent haircuts. D．He has taken part in the contest for 3 times. 2．What does the underlined phrase “tugged at our heartstrings” mean? A．Made us annoyed. B．Amused us. C．Caused us to feel pity. D．Let us become nervous. 3．How did Wild Thang get its wonderful character? A．He was born like that. B．He was beaten by a thief. C．He was bitten by a wolf. D．He was infected during a rescue. 4．What is the purpose of the World’s Ugliest Dog Contest? A．To attract people’s attention on animals. B．To lead people to accept imperfections. C．To warn people to stay away from ugly animals. D．To call on people to rescue ugly animals. Passage 4（2025高二下·天津市南开区·期末） Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, 68, was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on March 4, becoming the second winner from China to receive the highest honor in the field of architecture. Based in Chengdu, Liu’s career covers four decades and more than 30 projects. He founded Jiakun Architects in 1999 and has built a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully designed museums and monuments to large commercial buildings and master plans for cities. Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on “low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported. “He has developed a strategy that never relies on a fixed method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently,” the jury (评审团) said in its citation announcing the award. One of Liu’s most well-known projects was the so-called “rebirth bricks” he created after the terrible Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings. More than just recycling, these bricks were “a poetic metaphor” for the rebirth of the material and “the spiritual rebirth of the community at a time of national mourning”, reported The Guardian. These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis pharmaceutical (制药) company in Shanghai. Liu’s design also focuses on ordinary people. This is reflected in his largest project, West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex includes a soccer field, a market, and pathways (通道) for cyclists and pedestrians (行人). With grass growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the vitality of ‘everydayness’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017. It has become a popular destination for city residents to spend their leisure time. “The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we pursue,” Liu told China Daily. 1．Why did Liu Jiakun win the Pritzker Architecture Prize according to the jury? A．He consistently applied high-tech methods to create elegant designs. B．He developed a unique strategy that adapts to each project’s specific needs. C．He focused primarily on large commercial buildings to boost the urban economy. D．He was the first Chinese architect to receive international recognition. 2．How does Liu Jiakun incorporate local elements into his architecture to achieve beauty? A．By using advanced technology to modernize traditional materials. B．By emphasizing simplicity and low-tech solutions with cultural features. C．By designing only monuments and museums to preserve heritage. D．By combining Western styles with Chinese motifs for global appeal. 3．Which of the following statements about the“rebirth bricks” is NOT true? A．They were created by using rubble from buildings destroyed in the Wenchuan earthquake. B．They symbolized both material recycling and spiritual renewal for the community. C．They were only used in Chengdu-based projects like the Shuijingfang Museum. D．They represented a response to the disaster and a metaphor for rebirth. 4．What does Liu’s West Village project highlight? A．The beauty of natural landscapes. B．The energy of residents’ daily lives. C．The influence of Western architecture. D．The importance of eco-friendly materials. 5．What is Liu’s ultimate goal in architecture? A．To contribute to a city’s economic growth. B．To design buildings with global appeal. C．To improve people’s quality of life. D．To create artistic and symbolic landmarks. Passage 1 Women are, and have always been, essential to innovation. Here we honor 3 women who shaped the world with their imagination, dedication, and perseverance. Dr. Lin Lanying—Synthesis of Crystals and Semiconductor Materials Dr. Lin Lanying was born in 1918 in Putian, China. Her family didn’t believe education was important for girls and she wasn’t permitted to attend school, but despite her family’s objections, she eventually obtained her Ph.D．from the University of Pennsylvania in 1955. Lin returned to China in 1957. There, she and her team synthesized(合成)crystals of aerospace and semiconductor materials. Today, she is recognized as the “mother of aerospace materials” and the “mother of semiconductor materials” in China. Dr. Katsuko Saruhashi—Saruhashi’s Table Dr. Katsuko Saruhashi was born in Tokyo in 1920. She earned a degree in chemistry in 1943and was the first woman to receive a Ph. D．in chemistry from the University of Tokyo in 1957. She went on to work at the Meteorological Research Institute, and it was there she invented a new way to measure the amount of carbon in the ocean, which became known as Saruhashi’s Table. She was the first woman elected to the Science Council of Japan and the first woman to win the Miyake Prize for geochemistry in 1985. Anna Modayi Mani—Instruments to Measure the Weather Anna Modayil Mani was born in 1918 in the southern part of India. Mani began her research career at the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru. In 1948, she joined the Indian Meteorological Department where she was responsible for the construction of radiation instruments. Mani created drawings for nearly 100 different weather instruments and started their production. She also set up a network of weather monitoring stations in India to measure solar radiation and help use solar energy. 1．Which word best describes Lin Lanying according to the text? A．Emotional B．Inflexible C．Determined D．Creative 2．What do Saruhashi and Anna Modayi Mani have in common? A．They were both awarded international prizes. B．They both specialized in semiconductor material research. C．They were both the first women to earn a Ph. D．in their countries. D．They both brought innovations crucial for scientific measurements. 3．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book. B．A guidancebook to science study. C．An essay on frontier science. D．A review of women achievements. Passage 2 Sci|Art Lab+Studio Summer Institute Program In the highly competitive Sci Art Lab+Studio, students engage deeply in science and art practices to develop both analytical and creative skills. This two-week program prepares students for interdisciplinary thinking before they begin their undergraduate education, through historical retrospectives (回顾展), surveys of current art-science cooperations, and science fiction movie screenings. Application requirements Applicants must provide the following for online registration: ·An unofficial transcript (成绩单) from grade 9 to present. ·A 500-word essay explaining their interest in a UCLA Precollege Summer Institute, responding to one of the following topics: ◆Choose a favorite sci-fi movie or book and discuss exciting ideas within it. ◆If you plan to pursue science in college, share your art or music interests. ◆If you plan to pursue art in college, share your interest in science and technology. ·Optional letter of recommendation from a teacher. Residential/commuter(走读) Both residential and commuter tracks are available. The residential track is ONLY available to students aged 17 or older. Fees vary by student type High school student Incoming UCLA student Incoming UC student Program Fee: $2,250 Registration Fee: $350 IEI Fee: $61 Document Fee:$50 Program Fee:$1,826 IEI Fee: $61 Document Fee: $50 Others: $166 Program Fee: $1,826 Registration Fee: $175 IEI Fee: $61 Total: $2,711 Total: $2,103 Total: $2,062 Residential program fees The program fees listed above are for the Commuter version only. For the Residential version, the program fees are as follows, with all other fees remaining the same. ·High School Student: $3,793 ·Incoming UCLA Student: $ 3,369 ·Incoming UC Student: $3,369 1．What is the primary goal of the program? A．To develop leadership skills. B．To teach science fiction writing. C．To encourage cross-disciplinary thinking. D．To explore historical art-science cooperation. 2．What is a must for applying to the program? A．A teacher's recommendation letter. B．An official transcript from grade 9. C．A certification of English proficiency. D．An essay expressing enthusiasm for joining. 3．What is the total cost for an incoming UC student in the residential program? A．$2,062. B．$3,605. C．$3,646. D．$5,431. Passage3 Have you ever noticed how zucchini (西葫芦) is given? Unlike peaches or apples, which are handed to you with confidence, zucchini is left anonymously—no note, no explanation, no one taking credit for it. It feels like the forgotten child of the vegetable kingdom. “Who should we thank for this gift?” I asked. “I don’t know,” Rachel replied. “You know how it is with zucchini.” Of course I did. Nobody grows it on purpose; it just grows uncontrollably, taking over gardens everywhere. The next morning, I cautiously stepped into my office, unsure of what might await me. On my desk sat a white box with a piece of bread inside. It smelled and tasted wonderful. “Who made the banana bread?” I asked. Rachel smiled and responded, “It’s zucchini bread.” I froze. “It’s delicious! But I don’t like zucchini.” “Neither do I,” Rachel admitted. “But years ago, I found a recipe for zucchini bread, and now I look forward to zucchini season.” I took another bite and wondered, “How can something so tasty come from something I don’t enjoy?” Rachel shrugged and said, “It’s life. With effort and creativity, you can turn almost anything around. Even zucchini.” Later that day, I thought about Rachel’s words. Life, like zucchini, often gives us things we don’t ask for—unexpected difficulties, disappointments, or even challenges. But with patience and clever thinking, we can turn those moments into something valuable, even enjoyable. As I finished the last bite of the bread, I realized that zucchini wasn’t just a vegetable; it was a reminder to stay strong and see things from a new angle. 1．What did the author discover in her office one morning? A．A handwritten note along with the zucchini. B．A loaf of banana bread on her desk. C．A zucchini placed on her office chair. D．A thoughtful gift from someone at work. 2．What does the underlined word “anonymously” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Without leaving any name. B．Without being noticed. C．Without hesitation. D．Without purpose. 3．What did the author think of the zucchini bread? A．Traditional. B．Wonderful. C．Unhealthy. D．Ordinary. 4．Why does Rachel look forward to zucchini season? A．She sells zucchini to her neighbors. B．She likes growing zucchini in her garden. C．She uses zucchini for many dishes. D．She enjoys making zucchini bread. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show readers a fine view of life. B．To share a story about zucchini bread. C．To teach readers how to grow zucchini. D．To encourage people to work hard. Passage 4 Today, I witnessed something quietly powerful — a moving example of courage and inner strength. It was not loud or dramatic, but it left a deep impression on me. In a world where people often feel helpless when facing difficulties, this woman showed me that strength doesn’t always appear in big ways. Sometimes, it’s found in simple actions and daily choices. She lives in a remote village, far from the noise of the city. Life has not been easy for her. Years ago, she lost her only son — a loss that left a deep pain in her heart. Not long after, her husband passed away too, leaving her to face the world on her own. To make things harder, she doesn’t have a driver’s license and lives far from the nearest store, more than twenty kilometers away. With no public transport and no one to drive her, daily life became full of small but real challenges. She didn’t give in, though. Instead of waiting for help, she found her own solution. She bought a simple scooter (小型摩托车) — one that doesn’t require a license — and learned to ride it herself. Now, whenever she needs to go into town, she sets out alone, riding through fields and hills. For others, it might seem like an ordinary trip, but for her, it is a sign of her will and independence. Every time she arrives at the store, it’s more than just a success — it’s proof that she still has control over her life. Knowing her experience made me think deeply. Her courage doesn’t come from big words, but from the way she faces each day. In difficult times, she chooses to move forward rather than give up. Her story reminds us that true strength often shows in quiet ways-and that even in the hardest moments, we are stronger than we think. 1．What challenge did the woman face in daily life? A．Lacking even basic living skills. B．Having no access to daily necessities. C．Having difficulty with transport. D．Being unable to get a driver’s license. 2．How did the woman solve her problem? A．By riding a scooter. B．By getting a special permit. C．By taking public transportation. D．By moving closer to town. 3．What does the author think of the woman’s action? A．It is ordinary. B．It is demanding. C．It is temporary. D．It is inspiring. 4．What does the woman’s story mainly teach us? A．Rural life requires more flexibility. B．Small actions can show great strength. C．Social support is vital for survival. D．Technology simplifies daily challenges. Passage 5 In the spring of 2012, Premont Independent School District in Premont, Texas, was in trouble. The state had threatened to shut it down for financial problems and academic failures. To cut costs, the district had moved the middle school to the high school building; the elementary school hadn’t had a music teacher in years; and the high school had sealed off the science labs. Yet they still had football, basketball, volleyball, track, tennis, cheerleading, and baseball teams. So superintendent (监管人) Emest Singleton made a big decision: He canceled sports. By canceling sports, the district could save $150,000 in one year. In many schools, sports are so popular that no one realizes their actual cost. New bleachers (露天看台) can cost half a million dollars. Maintaining a grass field can cost more than $20,000 a year. Schools also need to pay for various costs for the team, the band, and the cheerleaders. For home games, schools often pay for security, painting the lines on the field, and cleaning up. Distraction, however, may be the greatest cost of all. During football season in particular, focus shifts away from learning. Players spend long hours practicing to late-night. Fall of 2012 at Premont was extremely quiet. There were no Friday night games to look forward to, no cheerleaders making posters in the hallway. But this quiet had an advantage. That first semester,80 percent of students passed their classes, compared with 50 percent the previous fall. About 160 people attended parent-teacher night, compared with six the year before. Today, Premont has no debt, and the district will stay open. The science labs have even been repaired. This past spring, Premont brought back baseball, track, and tennis, but in a limited way. The district has a lot of work to do before its students can feel the kind of pride in their academics that they once felt in their sports teams. But students have proved their ability to adapt. Will more schools follow Premont’s lead? They should. 1．According to Paragraph 1, Premont Independent School District ________. A．valued music and science B．had to cut costs to stay open C．paid little attention to sports D．had good high school graduation rates 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Sports cost schools a lot of money. B．Sports are very popular in America. C．American schools think highly of sports. D．Schools should try to cover the cost of sports. 3．What’ can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．Many students love playing football. B．Sports help students increase their focus. C．It takes students little effort to play football. D．Sports distract students’ attention from learning. 4．After sports were canceled in Premont, ________. A．a lot of money was saved B．many other schools canceled sports C．half of the students passed their exams D．students found it hard to adapt to the new system 5．What is the author’s attitude toward Premont’s action of canceling sports? A．Curious. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive: D．Disapproving. Passage 6 As is known to everyone, the options we make have an effect on our future. Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. But on the other hand, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused admission to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future I had imagined will never be. All these are all from a bad choice! However, your choices affect your future in a way that is a lot more complicated. This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character. Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. No matter when you make a choice, your character changes or grows, or diminishes depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish. Your character is being made by you, bit by bit, choice by choice. And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation. Some will argue this is not true. After all, the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice. We cannot choose when and where to be born, whether our families will be rich or poor, kind or cruel. We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives. With so much that we cannot choose, how can we be said to be responsible for anything? There is some truth in this. We are thrown into life without any say over the matter, and have little control over most of it. However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances. We can choose to keep struggling in hard times, or to give up. This ability to choose how we behave and respond is a great gift. It is our key to having confidence in the future. It is human nature to fear the future, as the future is unknown. You can’t entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, formed by years of making good choices, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of. At every moment, then, practise forming your character when you make your choices, no matter how small they are. Remember: your choices form your character. And your character determines your future. 1．What example does the author use to illustrate the impact of bad choices on the future?​ A．A student who fails to get into university due to laziness despite good academic potential.​ B．A person who can’t choose their birthplace and family background.​ C．Someone who gives up easily during hard times.​ D．An individual who is afraid of the unknown future.​ 2．What can we infer from the passage?​ A．We have no control over any aspect of our lives except making choices.​ B．Good character formed by making wise choices gives us confidence in the future.​ C．External factors like birthplace and family background have no impact on our life.​ D．Small choices in daily life don’t matter in shaping our character. 3．In the author’s opinion, what is the most important thing we can control in life?​ A．When and where to be born.​ B．Whether our families will be rich or poor.​ C．How we respond to different circumstances.​ D．Who we will meet in our lives. 4．According to the passage, why are our choices closely related to our future?​ A．Because choices directly decide our social status.​ B．Because choices can influence our character which determines our future.​ C．Because making choices helps us gain more control over external circumstances.​ D．Because every choice we make ensures a successful future. 5．What is the main idea of the passage?​ A．The ways to make good choices in different situations.​ B．The uncontrollable factors existing in our life.​ C．The significant relationship between our choices, character and future.​ D．The importance of having confidence in the future. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 4 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $