Unit 1 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）新五年级英语暑假自学课（外研版三起·新教材）

外研版三起新五年级暑假自学课 Unit 1 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 语法点拨 1.There be 句型 基本结构（就近原则：be 动词单复数由最近名词决定） ① 肯定句 There is + 单数可数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点状语. There are + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语. ② 否定句（be 动词后加 not，some 变 any） There isn’t + 单数 / 不可数名词 + 地点. There aren’t + 复数名词 + 地点. ③ 一般疑问句（be 动词提句首，some 变 any） Is there + 单数 / 不可数名词 + 地点？ Are there + 复数名词 + 地点？ 教材原句： 1. —What’s on your plate? 你盘子里有什么？ —There is some rice and fish on it. 里面有一些米饭和鱼肉。 2. There aren’t any apples on the table. 桌子上没有苹果。 3. Is there any milk in the glass? 杯子里有牛奶吗？ 易错点： 不可数名词：rice, fish, milk, bread, water 等，无复数，搭配 is。 就近原则：There is some rice and two eggs（rice 不可数，用 is）。 知识演练 一、用正确的be动词填空（is / are） 1. There ______ some rice on the plate. 2. There ______ two eggs and some milk in the fridge. 3. There ______ any apples in the bag. 4. There ______ a lot of water in the glass. 5. There ______ some vegetables on the table. 6. There ______ no candy in the box. 二、单项选择 ( )1. There ______ some bread on the plate. A. is B. are C. am ( )2. You ______ eat too much candy. It’s bad for your teeth. A. should B. shouldn’t C. can ( )3. Vegetables ______ good ______ us. A. is; for B. are; for C. are; to ( )4. ______ take too much food. It’s wasteful（浪费的）. A. Don’t B. Not C. No ( )5. —______ there any juice in the bottle? —Yes, there is. A. Are B. Is C. Do 语法易错02 语法点拨 2. 情态动词 should /shouldn’t（表建议 “应该 / 不应该”） （1）教材原句:You should have some vegetables. 你应该吃些蔬菜。 You shouldn’t eat too much candy. 你不应该吃太多糖果。 Should I drink more water? 我应该多喝水吗？ （2）should 和shouldn't的用法：无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 should = 应该（温和建议、健康提醒）； shouldn’t = should not（不应该，劝阻）。 （3）句型结构 肯定：主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他. 否定：主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形 + 其他. 疑问：Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（建议句式） We're from+地点. 知识演练 一、单项选择（基础题） ( ) 1. You ______ eat too much ice cream. It's bad for your stomach. A. should B. shouldn't C. can ( ) 2. — ______ I have some bread? — Yes, you should. A. Do B. Are C. Should ( ) 3. We ______ eat healthy food every day. A. should B. shouldn't C. isn't ( ) 4. Lingling ______ run after dinner. It's not good. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( ) 5. Everyone ______ keep a healthy diet. A. shouldn't B. should C. do 二、选词填空（选用 should /shouldn't 填空）should shouldn't 1.There is much candy on the plate. You ______ eat too much. 2.There are fresh tomatoes. You ______ eat them. 3.You ______ watch TV when you are eating. 4.It's hot. You ______ drink some water. 5.The apples are sweet. You ______ have one. 6.You ______ put too much salt in the food. 三、根据情景选择合适的句子，将序号填在括号里 A. You should eat more fruit. B. Should I have some soup? C. You shouldn't eat too much cake. D. What's on the plate? ( ) 1. 看到盘子里有很多蛋糕，你劝告小伙伴：______ ( ) 2. 想知道盘子里有什么，你问：______ ( ) 3. 关心对方饮食，建议对方多吃水果：______ ( ) 4. 询问自己是否可以喝点汤：______ 语法易错03 语法易错03 语法点拨 祈使句（表命令、请求、劝阻） （1）肯定形式（动词原形开头） 结构：动词原形 + 其他. 例句：Eat some vegetables. 吃些蔬菜。 （2）否定形式（Don’t + 动词原形，表 “不要做某事”） 结构：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他. 例句：Don’t take too much! 不要拿太多！ Don’t eat too quickly. 不要吃得太快。 （3）用法：表示命令、请求、建议或呼吁。 知识演练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ some eggs on your plate. A. Eat B. Eats C. Eating ( ) 2. ______ eat too quickly. It's not good. A. Not B. Don't C. Aren't ( ) 3. Please ______ the bowl to me. A. pass B. passes C. passing ( ) 4. — ______ take more food?— No, thanks. A. Don't B. Please C. Do ( ) 5. ______ talk while you are eating. A. Not B. Don't C. Isn't 二、按照要求改写句子，每空一词 1. Eat some fruit.（改为否定句） ______ ______ some fruit. 2. Take too much meat.（改为否定句） ______ ______ too much meat. 3. Don't drink juice.（改为肯定句） ______ ______. 4. Wash your hands.（改为否定句） ______ ______ your hands. 三、选择合适的句子补全情景。 A. Don't eat too much. B. Eat more vegetables. C. Don't talk now. D. Please pass me the fork. ( ) 1. 吃饭时提醒对方多吃蔬菜：______ ( ) 2. 想让对方把叉子递给你：______ ( ) 3. 劝阻别人不要吃太多食物：______ ( ) 4. 提醒大家吃饭时不要说话：______ 语法易错04 语法易错03 语法点拨 4. be good for /be bad for（固定搭配） ① 用法：be good for：对…… 有好处；有益于（多用于健康、身体） be bad for：对…… 有害；不利于（多用于健康、身体） ② 基础句式 主语 + be (am/is/are) + good/bad for + 名词 / 代词 ③ 关键点： be 动词随主语人称、单复数变化（am /is/are） for 是介词，后面只能接名词、代词宾格，不能接动词原形 ④例句：It’s good for you. 这对你有好处。 It’s bad for your teeth. 这对你的牙齿不好。 They are good for our body. 它们对我们的身体有益。 Don’t eat too much. It’s bad for you. 别吃太多，这对你不好。 知识演练 一、选词填空（选用 good /bad 填空） 1.Eggs are ______ for us. We should eat them. 2.Too much sweet food is ______ for your health. 3.Water is ______ for everyone. 4.Eating too quickly is ______ for you. 5.Tomatoes are ______ for our body. 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. Apples ______ good for us. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 2. Ice cream ______ bad ______ your stomach. A. is; for B. are; for C. is; to ( ) 3. — ______ the food good for us?— Yes, it is. A. Are B. Do C. Is ( ) 4. Don't drink too much cola. It's ______ for you. A. good B. bad C. nice ( ) 5. Vegetables ______ not bad ______ us. A. are; for B. is; for C. are; to 重难点特训 一、用 is /are 填空 1.There ______ some bread and three bananas on the plate. 2.There ______ not any fish in the bowl. 3.______ there two spoons on the table? 4.There ______ a glass of milk beside the plate. 5.There ______ some potatoes and rice in the kitchen. 6.There ______ no water in the cup. 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. There ______ some oranges on the big plate. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 2. You ______ watch TV while eating. It's not polite. A. should B. shouldn't C. can ( ) 3. More fruit ______ good ______ our health. A. is; for B. are; for C. is; to ( ) 4. ______ run in the dining room. It's dangerous. A. Not B. Don't C. No ( ) 5. —______ there any tea in the cup? —No, there isn't. A. Is B. Are C. Do ( ) 6. —______ I have some dumplings? —Sure, please. A. Do B. Are C. Should ( ) 7. Sweet food ______ bad ______ your teeth. A. are; for B. is; for C. is; to ( ) 8. Please ______ the clean plate to me. A. give B. gives C. giving 三、从方框内选词补全句子，每词限用一次should shouldn't good bad 1.Eating more vegetables is ______ for your body. 2.You ______ eat too many crisps. They are unhealthy. 3.We ______ drink warm water every day. 4.Too much ice cream is ______ for your stomach. 四、句型转换（每空一词） 1. There is some chicken on the plate.（改为否定句） There ______ ______ chicken on the plate. 2. You should drink more water.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ drink more water? 3. Eat too much food.（改为否定祈使句） ______ ______ too much food. 4. The milk is good for us.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the milk ______ for us? 5. There are three bowls on the desk.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ three bowls on the desk? 五、从 B 栏中选出 A 栏句子对应的答语 / 匹配句，将序号写在括号里 A ( ) 1. What's on the plate? ( ) 2. Is there any juice in the bottle? ( ) 3. You shouldn't eat too much candy. ( ) 4. Don't talk during meals. ( ) 5. Is milk good for us? B A. Yes, it is. B. Sorry. C. There is some beef. D. OK, I know. E. No, there isn't. 六、完形填空。阅读短文，选择合适的单词补全短文，综合考查本单元语法 Hello, everyone! Look at the food on the table. 1.______ some food on it. There 2.______ rice, fish and tomatoes. Rice and fish 3.______ good for us. We 4.______ eat them every day. But there is also some chocolate. Chocolate is 5.______ for our teeth. So we 6.______ eat too much. 7.______ take too much food. Let's keep healthy eating habits. ( ) 1. A. There is B. There are C. They are ( ) 2. A. are B. is C. am ( ) 3. A. is B. am C. are ( ) 4. A. shouldn't B. should C. can't ( ) 5. A. good B. bad C. nice ( ) 6. A. should B. shouldn't C. do ( ) 7. A. Don't B. Not C. No 七、阅读短文，判断句子正 (T) 误 (F) Hello, everyone! Look at my plate. There are eggs, carrots and apples on it. They are healthy food. We should eat eggs and carrots. They are good for us. We should eat fruit every day. But we shouldn't eat too much chocolate or candy. They are not healthy. We should drink lots of water too. ( ) 1. There are some vegetables and fruit on the plate. ( ) 2. We shouldn't eat carrots. ( ) 3. Candy is not healthy food. ( ) 4. We should drink much water. ( ) 5. We can eat lots of chocolate. 参考答案与解析 语法易错题答案01 一、用正确的 be 动词填空（is /are） 1.is 解析：rice（米饭）为不可数名词，be 动词用 is。 2.are 解析：就近原则，离 be 动词最近的是 two eggs（复数），故用 are。 3.aren't 解析：any 用于否定句，apples 是复数，用 aren't。 4.is 解析：water（水）为不可数名词，用 is。 5.are 解析：vegetables（蔬菜）是复数名词，用 are。 6.is 解析：candy 此处表统称，不可数，用 is。 二、单项选择 1.A 解析：bread（面包）不可数，There be 句型用 is。 2.B 解析：吃太多糖果对牙齿有害，应劝阻，用 shouldn't（不应该）。 3.B 解析：vegetables 是复数，be 动词用 are；固定搭配 be good for（对…… 有益）。 4.A 解析：否定祈使句结构：Don't + 动词原形，表示 “不要做某事”。 5.B 解析：juice（果汁）不可数，一般疑问句用 Is 引导。 语法易错 02 （情态动词 should /shouldn’t） 一、单项选择 1.B 解析：冰淇淋伤肠胃，不该多吃，选 shouldn't。 2.C 解析：答语出现 should，问句用 Should 引导提问。 3.A 解析：我们应该每天吃健康食物，选 should。 4.B 解析：饭后跑步不好，劝阻对方，用 shouldn't。 5.B 解析：每个人都应该保持健康饮食，should 无人称和数的变化。 二、选词填空（should /shouldn't） 1.shouldn't 解析：盘子里有很多糖果，不要多吃。 2.should 解析：西红柿很新鲜，应该吃一些。 3.shouldn't 解析：吃饭时不应该看电视。 4.should 解析：天很热，应该多喝水。 5.should 解析：苹果很甜，可以吃一个。 6.shouldn't 解析：食物里不要放太多盐。 三、情景选择 1.C 劝告别人别吃太多蛋糕 2.D 询问盘子里有什么 3.A 建议对方多吃水果 4.B 询问自己是否可以喝汤 语法易错 03 （祈使句） 一、单项选择 1.A 解析：肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，选 Eat。 2.B 解析：否定祈使句：Don't + 动词原形。 3.A 解析：Please 后接动词原形。 4.B 解析：语境：“请再拿点食物吗？”，用 Please。 5.B 解析：吃饭时不要讲话，否定祈使句用 Don't。 二、按要求改写句子（每空一词） 1.Don't eat 解析：肯定祈使句变否定，直接在句首加 Don't，后接动词原形。 2.Don't take 解析：同上，否定祈使句结构。 3.Drink juice 解析：否定祈使句改肯定，去掉 Don't，动词原形放句首。 4.Don't wash 解析：变为否定祈使句，句首加 Don't。 三、情景选择 1.B 提醒多吃蔬菜 2.D 请对方递叉子 3.A 劝阻不要吃太多 4.C 提醒吃饭不要说话 语法易错 04 （be good for /be bad for） 一、选词填空（good /bad） 1.good 解析：鸡蛋对身体有益，be good for 对…… 有好处。 2.bad 解析：过多甜食不利于健康，be bad for 对…… 有害。 3.good 解析：水对所有人都有益。 4.bad 解析：吃饭太快对身体不好。 5.good 解析：西红柿对身体有益。 二、单项选择 1.B 解析：apples 是复数名词，be 动词用 are。 2.A 解析：ice cream 不可数，用 is；固定搭配 be bad for。 3.C 解析：主语 the food 为单数，一般疑问句用 Is 引导。 4.B 解析：可乐喝多伤身，选 bad。 5.A 解析：vegetables 是复数，用 are；固定搭配 be ... for。 重难点特训 一、用 is /are 填空 1.is 解析：就近原则，bread 不可数，用 is。 2.is 解析：fish 此处表鱼肉，不可数，用 is。 3.Are 解析：two spoons 是复数，疑问句用 Are。 4.is 解析：a glass of milk（一杯牛奶）表单数，用 is。 5.are 解析：就近原则，potatoes 是复数，用 are。 6.is 解析：water 不可数，用 is。 二、单项选择 1.B oranges 复数，用 are 2.B 吃饭不该看电视，用 shouldn't 3.A fruit 不可数，be good for 固定搭配 4.B 否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形 5.A tea 不可数，用 Is 提问 6.C 征求意见，用 Should 7.B sweet food 不可数，be bad for 固定搭配 8.A Please 后接动词原形 三、选词填空（should /shouldn't /good/bad） 1.good 多吃蔬菜对身体有益 2.shouldn't 薯片不健康，不要多吃 3.should 我们应该每天喝温水 4.bad 冰淇淋吃多伤胃 四、句型转换（每空一词） 1.isn't any 解析：There be 否定句，is 变 isn't，some 改为 any。 2.Should you 解析：情态动词一般疑问句，should 提前，主语 you 不变。 3.Don't eat 解析：改为否定祈使句，句首加 Don't。 4.Is; good 解析：be 动词提前构成一般疑问句。 5.Are there 解析：复数名词，are 提前，构成 There be 一般疑问句。 五、情景匹配 1.— C 询问盘子里有什么，回答有牛肉 2.— E 瓶子里有果汁吗？回答：没有 3.— D 提醒别多吃糖果，回应：好的，我知道了 4.— B 吃饭不要说话，回应：对不起 5.— A 牛奶对我们有益吗？回答：是的 六、完形填空 1.A 后面 food 不可数，用 There is 2.B 就近原则，rice 不可数，用 is 3.C Rice and fish 并列作主语，复数概念，用 are 4.B 我们应该每天吃它们 5.B 巧克力对牙齿有害，bad 有害的 6.B 所以我们不应该多吃 7.A 否定祈使句：Don't take... 不要拿太多食物 七、阅读理解 判断 (T/F) 1.T 解析：盘子里有鸡蛋、胡萝卜（蔬菜）和苹果（水果）。 2.F 解析：原文 “We should eat eggs and carrots.”（我们应该吃胡萝卜），题意相反。 3.T 解析：原文说明糖果不健康。 4.T 解析：原文 “We should drink lots of water too.”。 5.F 解析：原文提醒不要吃太多巧克力，题意错误。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $