Unit 3 Sports Are Good For You-定语从句（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）

这是一份中职英语《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 3的同步教学课件，共40页，以“定语从句”为核心，构建从定语定义、定语从句结构到关系代词/副词用法、分类及特殊考点的学习支架，配套基础巩固与能力提升练习。 资料特色突出，通过表格对比关系代词/副词的先行词及成分，结合例句解析（如“the stories which/that have unhappy endings”）培养学生语言理解与分析能力，分层练习设计（基础填空到能力选择）提升学习策略，助力教师开展阶梯式教学，帮助学生夯实语法基础，发展逻辑思维与语言运用能力。中职学生英语基础相对薄弱，该资料从基础概念到进阶考点层层递进，符合其认知规律，能有效提升语法学习效率，也为教师提供清晰的教学路径。

定语从句 Attributive Clause 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 3 Sports Are Good For You语法 目录 CONTENTS 01 02 03 04 什么定语 定语从句的定义 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句 05 定语从句的分类(及特殊考点) 06 基础巩固 06 能力提升 导 入 什么是定语 定义 种类 名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式 （短语）、分词、定语从句等……相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词。 a curious kid. the greatest writer alive the street full of cars the weather here I met someone who said he knew you. pupils returning from school a big family to support the language spoken 找出定语 I’m a cute bear. cute 形容词前置 I’m a bear standing on a ball. standing on a ball 现在分词短语后置 I like potato chips. potato 名词作定语 I’m a bear in a hoodie. 介词短语后置 in a hoodie 数词前置 I have a lot of friends. a lot of 什么是定语从句 He is the person whom we invited to give a speech. 观察下列句子结构，你发现了什么？ 结构：主语 + 谓语 + 先行词 + 关系词 + 陈述句 主句部分 从句部分 主从复合句 什么是定语从句 在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 结构：先行词+关系词+从句 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或者代词。 I love the singers that write their own music. 关系词： 1. 连接作用（连接主句、从句） 2. 指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当成分 先行词 关系代词 关系代词 The noise which/that he made woke me up. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 关系代词在从句中充当主语或者宾语。 关系代词后的谓语动词，即从句的谓语动词，应与主句的主语保持一致。 主要有以下几个词： who, that, whom, whose, which 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语/宾语 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 whose 人/物 定语 关系代词 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 which 物 主语/宾语 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 主句 先行词 从句 关系词 作主语 例：I don't like the stories _____ have unhappy endings. which that 关系代词 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 which 物 主语/宾语 that 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 注：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。 主句 先行词 从句 关系词 作宾语 例：Is this the pen _____ you bought yesterday? which 不填 that 关系代词 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 1. 先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, something, everything, all, some, none, little, few, the one等时。 eg. All that you need is patience and confidence. 2. 先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 eg. This is the most touching story that I have ever read. eg. The tallest building that stands in this city was built last year. 关系代词 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 3. 当先行词被the very/only/same/last 修饰时： eg. The only way that we can succeed is to keep working hard. 4. 先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 eg. We talked about the teachers and schools that we had visited. 关系代词 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 5. 当先行词前有who,which等疑问代词时： eg. Which is the bag that belongs to the new student? 关系代词 只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况 1. 介词前置时，关系代词只能用which： eg. The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时，只能用which eg. He failed to complete his task, which made him upset. 关系代词 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 例：I met a boy ___ is an excellent student. 主句 先行词 从句 关系词作主语 who 关系代词 关系代词 先行词 在定从中成分 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 例：I saw a girl ____ I know before. 主句 先行词 从句 关系词 作宾语 whom who 不填 注：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。 关系代词 只用whom不用who引导定语从句的情况 介词前置时，关系代词只能用whom： eg. The girl with whom he talked just now is his deskmate. eg. I have no idea about the boy for whom she bought a gift. 关系代词 whose 引导定语从句 1. whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 eg. Do you know the boy whose handwriting is very beautiful? eg. He is a designer whose work I really like. 关系代词 whose 引导定语从句 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”来代替。 eg. I'd like a house whose window looks out over the sea. eg. I'd like a house , the window of which looks out over the sea. eg. I'd like a house , of which the window looks out over the sea. 关系副词 This is the school where my mother works. 先行词 关系副词 定语从句 关系副词在从句中作状语。 关系副词=介词+关系代词。 主要有以下几个词： where (=in/at/on which) when (=on/during/in which) why (=for which) 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 where 地点 地点状语 when 时间 时间状语 why 原因 原因状语 当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语和表语时，要选用关系副词when, where, why。 关系副词 where在定语从句中作地点状语。 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 介词＋关系代词 where 地点 地点状语 in / from which 主句 先行词 从句 作状语 例: Beijing is the city where I grew up. 改: Beijing is the city in which I grew up. 1. where用于修饰地点名词如place, park, factory, house等。在从句中作地点状语，相当于介词+which。 关系副词 where在定语从句中作地点状语。 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 where 地点 地点状语 主句 先行词 从句 作状语 例: The house where I lived five years ago has been pulled down. 主句 改: The house in which I lived five years ago has been pulled down. 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 where 地点 地点状语 关系副词where 1. 当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point， situation， case， stage， family等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。 eg. We have reached a point where we need to make a tough decision. eg. Remember that there is still one point that/which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow. 作状语 作宾语 关系副词where 3. 先行词occasion当“时刻”讲时，用关系副词when；当“场合”讲时，用关系副词where。 eg. I can still remember the occasion where I made a speech in front of the whole school. eg. There are occasions when you have to give up what you want most. 场合 时刻 关系副词when when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语。 1. 先行词是具体时间名词，如day, month, year。 2. 还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, occasion等。 3. 常用表时间的介词(如：in, on, at, during等)＋which代替关系副词when。 eg. There are occasions when one must yield. eg. The year in which he went to college was 2020. eg. 1 Oct 1949 is the day when the People's Republic of China was founded. 关系副词when 先行词是time时: 若time作“次数”讲，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，that可省略； 若time作“一段时间，时代”讲，应用关系副词when或“介词at/during＋which”引导定语从句。 eg. This is the third time (that) I have visited Beijing. （次数） eg. I still miss the time when we lived in the small town together. （一段时间） eg. He often talks about the time when his grandparents lived through the war.（时代） 关系副词when when在定语从句中作时间状语。 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 when 时间 时间状语 主句 先行词 从句 作状语 例: The time when we got together finally came. 主句 改: The time at which we got together finally came. 关系副词when when在定语从句中时间状语。 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 when 时间 时间状语 主句 先行词 从句 作状语 例: I still remember the day when I first came to the school. 改: I still remember the day on which I first came to the school. 关系副词why why在定语从句中作原因状语。 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 why 原因 原因状语 主句 先行词 从句 作状语 例: Please tell me the reason why you are late. 改: Please tell me the reason for which you are late. 定语从句 介词+关系代词 “介词+关系代词” 结构也可以引导定语从句。有以下几种结构： 1. 介词+whom/which The girl still can remenber the day on which she came to this school. 2. 介词短语+whom/which The woman has a house, in front of which is the sea. 3. 不定代词或/数词 +whom/which China has a lot of famous writers, one of whom is Luxun. 4. 名词 + of which She mentioned a book, the name of which I have written on my notebook. 定语从句分类 定语从句 1. 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义，这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 eg. The house whose windows face south gets plenty of sunlight. eg. The library is a place where students can read and study quietly. 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定语从句分类 定语从句 2. 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切， 只是对先行词作附加的说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 来引导。 eg. My English teacher, who is from Canada, often helps me with my pronunciation. eg. My father, whose advice I always value, told me to keep practicing every day. 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定语从句注意点 一、定语从句中的主谓一致 1. 关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 She is one of the students who study hard in our class. An old builder who was regarded as the best in his company was ready to retire. 定语从句 解题技巧： （1）确定先行词：找出被修饰的名词（时间、地点、原因相关）。 （2）分析从句成分：看从句是否完整（主谓宾 / 表是否齐全）。 （3）如果不完整，匹配关系副词： 缺原因状语（先行词为 reason）→用 why。 缺时间状语→用 when； 缺地点状语→用 where； （4）替换为 “介词 + which” 是否通顺（如 when=at/in which）。 基础巩固 一、填空 1．A clock is a machine tells people the time. 2．The panda is a kind of animal can be found in China. 3．April 1st is the day is called April Fool’s Day in the West. 4．Where is the woman watch was stolen yesterday? 5．The woman you visited last week is a famous writer. 6．This is the park ______ we had a picnic last Sunday. 7．I still remember the day ______ I first met my best friend. 8. Could you tell me the reason ______ you were late for school? that/which that/which which/that whose who/whom/that where when why 基础巩固 二、选择题 1．The hero in my heart is the one ______ spreads ideas to encourage the people in need. A．where B．that C．which D．whom 2．The Greens met with lots of things ________ interested them on their journey. A．who B．that C．whom D．what 3．We were encouraged by the speech ________ was given by the expert. A．who B．which C．what 4．I really like the girl ________ hair is blond. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 5．Lionel Messi is a great football star ________ talent in sports surprises me a lot. A．who B．that C．whose D．what 能力提升 选择题 6. The house ______ we lived ten years ago has been pulled down and replaced by a new park. A. which B. where C. that D. in that 7. ______ is known to all, the Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. A. It B. As C. Which D. That 8. She showed us around the company ______ she works, ______ she had spent ten years. A. where; where B. which; where C. where; which D. which; which 9. I refuse to accept the blame for something ______ was someone else’s fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what 10. The days are gone ______ we had to work from dawn to dusk for a living. A. when B. which C. that D. where 能力提升 选择题 1. The reason ______ he gave for being late was ______ his car broke down on the way. A. why; that B. which; that C. which; because D. that; because 2. This is the very plan ______ we need to carry out immediately to improve the environment. A. which B. that C. who D. what 3. The book, ______ cover is blue, was written by a young author ______ we all admire. A. whose; whom B. which; that C. whose; which D. of which; who 4. He is the only one of the students in our class ______ never late for school. A. who is B. who are C. which is D. that are 5. I still remember the day ______ I first came to this school and the classroom ______ we had our first lesson. A. when; where B. which; where C. when; which D. that; where Summary 01 02 03 04 什么定语 定语从句的定义 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句 05 定语从句的分类(及特殊考点) 感谢大家观看 PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT THANK YOU FOR LISTENING AND WATCHING Lavf59.14.100 $