专题04 题型突破之阅读理解B篇（15篇）-【期末备考】2025-2026年八年级英语下学期期末复习满分冲刺（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦八年级英语阅读理解B篇中档拉分题，构建“流程+题型+文体+避坑”四维突破体系，系统提升语言理解与逻辑推理能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |提分策略|4类文体+6大避坑点|五步解题流程（定位→通读→回文→比对→复核）；细节题同义替换、推理题适度推断等题型技巧|从篇章特征（篇幅/题型分布）到解题方法，再到文体专项（记叙文六要素等）与避坑策略，形成“特征-方法-应用”递进逻辑| |题型专项练习|15篇综合训练|15篇涵盖记叙文、科普文等主流文体，精准对应细节（50%）、推理（25%）等核心题型|通过典型题例巩固方法，强化“题干定位-原文比对-选项排除”的思维链条，提升解题效率与准确率|

【期末备考】2025-2026年八年级英语下学期期末复习满分冲刺（人教版新教材） 专题04 题型突破之阅读理解B篇（15篇） 目录： 1.提分策略 2.题型专项练习 提分策略 B篇难度高于A篇，是中档拉分题，以记叙文、夹叙夹议、人物故事、生活感悟、科普短文为主，句式变长、长难句增多，题型综合（细节+推理+词义猜测+主旨）。下面结合新教材考点，分步骤、题型、文体、避坑点精讲。 一、篇章整体特点 1. 篇幅：中等长度，段落3–5段，词汇以课标核心词+少量拓展词为主 2. 题型分布：细节题约50%、推理判断25%、词义猜测15%、主旨/标题10% 3. 行文规律：题目顺序基本跟随原文段落顺序，极少乱序 4. 核心难点：长难句理解、句意同义替换、深层逻辑推理 二、标准解题五步流程（考场通用） 1. 速读题干，划定位词（不看选项） 只读每道题题干，圈出：人名、地名、时间、数字、名词、动词、特殊疑问词。 作用：明确考点，带着问题读文章，避免盲目通读浪费时间。 2. 通读全文，把握脉络 快速读文章，理清： 记叙文：人物→时间→事件起因→经过→结果/感悟 说明文/感悟文：中心话题→分论点→总结观点 遇到生词、复杂句子先跳过，不纠结。 3. 精准回文，定位答题区间 根据题干关键词，锁定对应段落与句子 ⚠重要原则：答案一定源自原文，主观想法不能当依据。 4. 分析原句，比对选项 细节题：比对词汇、句式，重点识别同义替换 推理题：结合上下文逻辑，适度推断，不过度延伸 词义题：依托前后句语境判断含义 逐一排除明显错误选项。 5. 复核检查 核对人称、时态、限定词、逻辑关系，确认答案和原文逻辑一致。 3、 四大题型专项解题技巧 （一）细节理解题（基础必考） 出题形式:What/Which/Why/How 提问事实、原因、做法、特征等。 解题技巧 1. 原词复现定位 题干词汇直接出现在原文，答案就在本句或前后紧邻句。 2. 同义替换（B篇高频） 出题核心方式，近义词、短语、句式改写，意思不变。 例： be good at = do well in； give up = stop doing； in the end = at last 3. 因果细节题 抓逻辑标志词：because, so, for, why, as a result，原因、结果分清楚。 避坑 警惕范围篡改：some → all；sometimes → always；may → must。 （二）推理判断题（B篇重难点） 题干标志 We can infer / know / learn from the passage that… What can we conclude from…? What does the writer mean…? 解题规则 1. 原文原句≠正确答案：直接照搬文中句子一般是干扰项。 2. 推理有度：只基于文本信息推一步，不脑补生活常识、个人想法。 3. 优选委婉表达：含 may, might, probably, maybe 的选项正确率更高；含 must, never, absolutely 等绝对词慎选。 4. 态度推理（作者/人物情绪）：抓形容词、副词、转折词（but/however）判断褒贬、喜恶。 （三）词义/短语猜测题 题干形式:The underlined word/phrase “___” means ____. 4种解题方法 （1） 语境关系法（首选） 并列：and, also, too → 词义相近 转折：but, however, while → 词义相反 解释：that is, in other words, 破折号、逗号后内容，直接释义。 2. 构词法 un-/in- 表否定；-ful 表“充满…的”；-less 表“无…的”。 3. 代入验证法 把选项词义放入原句，通读，语句通顺、逻辑合理即为答案。 4. 生活常识辅助：结合话题常识辅助判断，仅作补充。 （四）主旨大意 & 标题题 题干标志 What’s the main idea of the passage? The best title for the passage is ____. 解题技巧 1. 找主旨句 记叙文/议论文：主旨常在首段尾句、尾段首/尾句 每段第一句多为段落中心，串联即可把握全文。 2. 标题选择三原则 概括性：覆盖全文核心，不局限某一段细节 针对性：贴合文章主题，不范围过大 简洁性：短小精炼，表意明确 3. 排除干扰项 只讲局部细节（以偏概全）→ 排除 内容文章未提及 → 排除 范围太大，脱离文本 → 排除 四、高频文体专项突破（八年级B篇主流文体） 1. 记叙文（人物故事、成长经历、趣事、感人故事） 梳理六要素：人物、时间、地点、起因、经过、结局 重点关注：人物心理变化、动作描写、文末感悟（常考推理、主旨） 题目顺序严格跟随故事发展顺序，定位轻松。 2. 夹叙夹议文（故事+道理） 结构：叙事 + 发表观点/感悟 考点侧重：后半段议论部分，常考作者态度、文章主旨。 3. 简单说明文（生活科普、文化习俗、事物介绍） 结构：总—分 / 总—分—总 重点抓：说明对象、特征、用途、优缺点，多考细节+词义猜测。 4. 观点类短文（看法、建议、现象讨论） 抓逻辑词：first, second, finally, but, however 区分：作者观点、他人观点，避免混淆。 五、高频陷阱&避坑清单（扣分重灾区） 1. 顺序陷阱 题目顺序和段落顺序基本一致，若第2题答案出现在第4段，大概率定位错误。 2. 偷换概念 主体、对象、动作被替换，句子看着相似，实际意思不同，逐词核对。 3. 半对半错 选项前半部分正确，后半部分篡改信息，必须读完整个选项再判断。 4. 断章取义 只截取文中一句话，脱离上下文语境，看似正确，实则错误。 5. 生词干扰 遇到陌生单词不要慌，不影响做题就跳过；考点生词结合语境猜测，不卡壳。 6. 情感/态度混淆 区分“文中人物态度”和“作者态度”，二者可能不一致。 题型专项练习 （1） Do you know some jobs were common fifty years ago, but today we almost cannot see them? Maybe these jobs will disappear in twenty years. So, do you want to know about some of the future jobs? The first one is the space tour guide. People are expecting an exciting trip to space. It will soon come true for many people. If you take a trip to space, you will see the sun rising and setting many times in one day. And for the trip, travellers will need a space tour guide. The guide must explain things clearly and keep everyone safe. This means the space tour guide must be a good communicator. The second one is the AI psychologist (人工智能心理学家). More and more work needs AI. And machines will be more like humans. They will need engineers to develop their “minds”. An AI psychologist will need to know about both psychology and technology. This person will help future supercomputers work well. The last one is the human-technology integration specialist (人机融合专家). As new technologies are developing fast, people may need help to understand them. So the human-technology integration specialists might be very crucial. They can teach people to use future technologies. They will make sure that all the technologies are safe and help choose the best ones. Jobs are always changing. Learning new skills can help us get ready for these exciting future jobs. 1．What can we learn from the passage? A．All the jobs will not change in the future. B．There will be more new jobs in the future. C．New technologies will develop slowly. D．All the new technologies will be safe. 2．Why do space travellers need a tour guide? A．To help them see the sun rise and set many times. B．To explain things clearly and keep everyone safe. C．To become a good communicator in space. D．To make their space travel exciting and enjoyable. 3．What does the underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Important. B．Serious. C．Successful. D．Funny. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) for the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②③/④/⑤ 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．AI Reads Minds B．AI Helps Humans C．Safe Technologies D．Some Future Jobs （2） A comfort zone is a place or a situation where people feel safe and have the least stress. In this zone, everything is familiar and easy. However, stepping out of the comfort zone and into the learning zone is very important. Here are the reasons. Stepping out of your comfort zone helps you improve your abilities. When we try something new, we have a chance to learn new skills and develop ourselves. If we only stick to the same routine (常规), it is hard to make progress. Taking risks helps us become braver and more confident. As children, we’re natural risk-takers. But as we get older, we start trying fewer new things and become more afraid of failure. In fact, failure is a natural part of learning. Each time we try again after failing, we become more confident and less afraid of challenges. It prepares us for future challenges and keeps our minds active. As we grow older, we meet more new challenges, our comfort zone becomes smaller. However, the more we try, the more our comfort zone expands. We will gradually feel comfortable about more difficulties. However, don’t push yourself too far. Have you heard of “Yerkes-Dodson Law”? It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down. When stress becomes too great for us to deal with, we enter the danger zone. 6．What is a comfort zone according to Paragraph 1? A．A routine that helps people make great progress. B．A place where people can feel the least stressed. C．A zone where people can learn new things easily. D．A situation that has the most stress to challenge people. 7．What happens to people as they grow older? A．They lose all the natural abilities to take risks. B．They find learning becomes much easier. C．They become much braver to try new things. D．They start to fear failure and try fewer new things. 8．What does the underlined word “expands” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Becomes smaller B．Becomes larger. C．Moves away. D．Stays the same. 9．Which of the following pictures can describe “Yerkes-Dodson Law”? A． B． C． D． 10．What is the best title for this passage? A．Why do people stay in their comfort zone? B．Why should we step out of our comfort zone? C．How does learning new skills help people? D．What happens when there is too much stress? （3） Imagine riding a horse without hands! Xu Fangyan, a rider without hands, amazed everyone by sharing a video of herself in an equestrian dressage event (马术盛装舞步比赛). With special reins (缰绳) made just for her, she finished her performance beautifully. Xu was born in 1997 in Sichuan, China. When she was just 7 years old, she had a terrible accident and lost her hands. During this hard time, her family backed her up. They helped her learn to do everything on her own, like eating and writing. Xu’s introduction to horse riding started with a surprise meeting. One day, as she was on her way to work, a stranger stopped her suddenly and asked if she wanted to be a horse rider. Later, she learnt that this person worked for the local Disabled Persons’ Federation (残联). At first, she was unsure, but she decided to give it a try. With special training and encouragement from her instructor, she found her confidence and joined an equestrian team for disabled riders. In her first match, she won first place! Today, Xu has over 100,000 followers on social media. She shares her training videos, and also shows how she can type, answer phones, and even put on her makeup (化妆品) without hands. Through her fun videos, she encourages people to follow their dreams and shows that anyone can achieve their goals, no matter the challenges they face. She believes,“ Life is like an equestrian event; only by getting over challenges can you find your way.” 11．What might people want to say to Xu Fangyan after watching the video in Paragraph 1? A．What a pity! B．Congratulations! C．Thanks so much! D．It’s so kind of you! 12．What does the underlined phrase“ backed her up” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Laughed at her. B．Argued with her. C．Felt sorry for her. D．Were there for her. 13．How did Xu Fangyan feel when she was first asked to try horse riding? A．She was very excited and said yes right away. B．She felt not certain but still decided to try. C．She was angry and refused to try. D．She was scared and ran away. 14．Why does Xu Fangyan share fun videos on social media? A．To inspire others. B．To become famous. C．To teach people skills. D．To ask people for help. 15．What is the best title for the passage? A．Life after an accident B．Dreams on horseback C．Daily life on social media D．An equestrian dressage event （4） According to a new study, staying positive during the cold season can help you stay away from getting ill. In the study, scientists found that people with positive emotions were less likely to be ill. The findings showed that positive emotions can help stop common colds and other illnesses. “People with positive emotions may have stronger immune responses (免疫反应) to the illnesses,” explained Dr Sheldon Cohen. “And when they do get a cold or have the flu, it may not be too serious.” In an early study, Cohen and his team found that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, but there were some issues. They didn’t know how emotions made a difference. For the new study, Cohen and his team let 193 healthy people do tests. Those who were often happy and easy-going had a good emotional style, while those who were often unhappy and angry had a bad emotional style. Cohen and his team put a little water with the flu in the volunteers’ noses. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any hurt or uncomfortable feelings they had. At the same time, the team wrote down their information. By studying their nose conditions, Cohen and his team found that happy people were less likely to have a cold. 16．Why can positive emotions help to avoid getting ill? A．They may help people stay happy. B．They may lead to stronger immune responses. C．They may let people know the causes of getting ill. D．They may stop people from having uncomfortable feelings. 17．Why did the writer write Paragraph 2? A．To give advice on keeping healthy. B．To tell the ways to stop having a cold. C．To talk about different kinds of illnesses. D．To show the relationship between emotions and illnesses. 18．What does the underlined word “issues” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Problems. B．Mistakes. C．Reasons. D．Jokes. 19．How did Cohen and his team get the result? A．By testing healthy people. B．By doing research on animals. C．By asking questions online. D．By getting information in libraries. 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．Scientists’ Worries B．People’s Health Problems C．Cold Seasons, Poor Bodies D．Good Emotions, Better Health （5） Do you often feel bad or tired? If you do, there’s an answer to your problem. You only need to do more exercise in your life. There are many kinds of exercise. You can go to the health club. You can play basketball, soccer, or other ball sports. You can also run, swim, or take a walk. You can even do some exercise at your home. Doing some housework is a kind of exercise. Different people enjoy different kinds of exercise. When you exercise, remember the following points: You like what you are doing; exercise enough but not too much. It is good to exercise for 20 to 30 minutes a day. If you can’t do that, then three days a week is also good. When you exercise, you get your heart and blood to move quickly. This brings more oxygen (氧气) to your body. As a result, your body has more energy and you feel better. Also, exercise can help you think better. Studies show that when you move your body, it is good for your mind. Exercise can make you feel happier. When you exercise, your body produces chemicals (化学物质) and they make you feel happier. At the same time, it decreases chemicals that make you feel terrible. As you can see, exercise can help you feel better. It can do so much more, too. So, try to make exercise a part of your life. 21．What does the writer think of doing exercise to make us feel better? A．Difficult. B．Easy. C．Meaningless. D．Boring. 22．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．What kinds of exercise we can do. B．Where the best place to exercise is. C．How much time we need to exercise. D．Why we should do different kinds of exercise. 23．What does the underlined word “decreases” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Breaks. B．Reduces. C．Avoids. D．Realizes. 24．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 25．What’s the best title for the text? A．Ways to stay relaxed. B．Try to be happy with your life. C．Different kinds of physical activity. D．Exercise for health and happiness. （6） People often talk about jobs. But when I tell others what I do for a living, they can hardly believe it. I spend my day at work eating chocolate! I taste chocolate to make sure that people can get excellent chocolate from our factory. Every week I receive chocolate from our factory. I have to check it for taste and smell. I also have to taste raw materials (原材料) we usually use. I spend days choosing the best ones to go into the chocolate. Just beside my office I have a kitchen. I test and taste chocolate I make there. My kitchen is full of machines. It’s wonderful to work there during the day. ▲ Sometimes I am in the kitchen. Sometimes I’m out of the country buying the raw materials we need. Because I have a young family, which can be grueling. But I love this job. Many people ask me whether I get bored of chocolate. I’ve worked with it for a long time, but I’ve never thought about I don’t want to eat it any more. In fact, I often go home and eat some more in the morning! 26．Which of the following does the writer do in his work? ①Sells chocolate machines.                ② Tests and tastes chocolate. ③ Buys chocolate of different tastes        ④Chooses raw materials of chocolate. A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 27．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in the last paragraph? A．No two days are the same in this job. B．People believe it must be very easy. C．They tell me some ways of improving it. D．Do you want to know why I chose this job? 28．What does the underlined word “grueling” in the last paragraph mean? A．Great. B．Difficult. C．Relaxing. D．Boring. 29．What does the writer think of his job? A．Common. B．Enjoyable. C．Terrible. D．Easy. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．What the writer’s job is like. B．When the writer began his job. C．Why the writer loves chocolate. D．How the writer makes chocolate. （7） Most of us have tooth problems from time to time, but only a few of us go to the dentist. Lots of us find it a little bit horrible, but we have to understand that a dentist is someone who wants to help us by making sure that we have healthy teeth and gums (牙龈). Dentists’ job is to give us advice about how to take good care of our teeth and gums. They also tell us about making healthy choices about our eating habits. This is because the choices we make about our food every day can make a big difference to our teeth. Having healthy teeth is an important part of having a healthy body, so dentists encourage us to have cleaning and check-ups for our teeth from time to time. Dentists also do things like filling teeth, removing teeth, polishing teeth and so on. Sometimes they have to take X-rays to look at our teeth and gums to find out what the problem is. There are different kinds of dentists. For example, an orthodontist (正畸医师) fits braces (牙箍) that help people to straighten teeth, and a paediatric (儿科的) dentist looks after children’s teeth. Would you like to be a dentist when you grow up? Here are some skills needed. * ▲ Dentists cannot be impatient during their work. They have to take their time. * Be good with technology. Dentists must learn how to use new tools. * Be able to explain well. Dentists need to be able to explain to the patient what the problem is and how they are going to deal with the problem. 31．What does the underlined word “horrible” probably mean? A．expected B．lovely C．scary D．boring 32．What’s the second paragraph mainly about? A．How important our eating habits are. B．What a dentist’s job is. C．Why we should check up our teeth often. D．When dentists take X-rays for our teeth. 33．How does the writer show that there are different kinds of dentists? A．By explaining reasons. B．By telling stories. C．By giving examples. D．By raising questions. 34．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in the text? A．Be hard-working. B．Be patient. C．Be serious. D．Be humorous. 35．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To show us the importance of good teeth. B．To introduce a job to us. C．To ask us to take good care of our teeth. D．To advise us to study hard. （8） An encyclopedia (百科全书) is a special book or website that gathers knowledge about many different subjects. People have created encyclopedias for thousands of years. One of the oldest examples is Naturalis Historia by Pliny the Elder, written on parchment scrolls (羊皮卷) in Rome around 2,000 years ago. These early works were hand-copied, took years to make, and were so expensive that only scholars or rich people could own them. The 1700s saw major changes because of the use of the printing press (印刷机). Famous sets like Diderot’s Encyclopedia in France and Encyclopedia Britannica in Scotland were printed. This technology allowed many copies to be made, making encyclopedias easier to get to society, though they were still expensive. These books became valuable sources of information in homes, schools, and libraries. In the 1900s, new forms like microfilm (tiny photo film) and CD-ROMs (computer discs) appeared. They stored huge amounts of text and images, making encyclopedias much lighter and easier to carry than heavy book sets. ________. Free websites like Wikipedia (started in 2001) let anyone with a device find knowledge right away. Most importantly, they allow ordinary people worldwide to write, edit and update (给……增加最新信息) articles together—unlike traditional encyclopedias created only by experts. Today, online forms include videos and sounds and are available in many languages, keeping the ancient goal: to share knowledge with everyone globally. 36．Why could more people use printed encyclopedias in the 1700s? A．They had more pictures. B．They were free to schools. C．Printing machines produced more copies. D．They were smaller than handwritten ones. 37．What did CD-ROMs and microfilm do for encyclopedias? A．Made them free to use. B．Allowed online updates. C．Made them lighter to carry. D．Added less useful information. 38．Which sentence can be put in “________”? A．The printing press was invented in Germany around 1440. B．However, the biggest change came with the internet. C．Many people still prefer to read books instead of using the internet. D．In the future, encyclopedias may only exist online. 39．How is Wikipedia different from traditional encyclopedias? A．It includes fewer topics. B．It cannot be updated once published. C．It has no articles in different languages. D．It has new information provided by ordinary people. 40．What is the main purpose of encyclopedias today according to the text? A．To help students study. B．To share knowledge widely. C．To save more ancient books. D．To introduce school textbooks. （9） Last week, our school held a “Green School Project”. Our class joined in it by doing something meaningful as a team. Some of us wrote down the whole plan. Some prepared the necessary materials. As a result, we finished the work well in a short time. Of course, team activities aren’t always easy. In fact, they can be stressful if people don’t know how to work well together. Here are some tips to make teamwork successful. Make sure everyone understands the goal of the project. There’s a saying, “If you don’t know where you’re going, you probably won’t get there.” So the clear goal is important. Before doing a class project, you need to check the goal and instructions carefully. Teams work better when people have their own roles. For example, there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions. There might also be a note-taker who writes down the team’s ideas during meetings, and a time-keeper to make sure people don’t waste time chatting. For large projects, separate the work into smaller tasks. Team members can choose tasks they do well in or enjoy. Of course, you shouldn’t always do the same task. It’s good to try new things even if they’re difficult. When you’re working in a team, respect is necessary. You’d better listen when others are speaking and don’t cut in. Do your part properly, so other members don’t have to do work for you. Finally, try to stay active and enjoy yourself. Everything is easier when you’re having fun! 41．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving a fact. D．By telling an experience. 42．What should we do before doing a team project? A．Choose our favourite part of it. B．Vote for the most suitable person for each role. C．Check the goal and instructions carefully. D．Give out tasks to everyone in the team. 43．What does the underlined word “separate” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Divide. B．Require. C．Advise. D．Provide. 44．What’s the structure of the passage? (①＝Paragraph 1...) A．①/②③/④/⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 45．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Make Teamwork Successful B．Teamwork Works Better C．Why We Need Teamwork D．What Is Teamwork （10） How are animals communicating with each other? In the past, we could only study this by watching animals carefully or teaching them human language. But now with the help of AI and machine learning, we may be able to understand their languages! All around the animal world, there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants, for example, talk with each other using infrasound—too low for humans to hear. Bats communicate with ultrasound—too high for humans to hear. However, by putting field recorders in trees, on mountaintops, and even on the backs of whales and birds, scientists can collect their sounds. After the sounds are recorded, AI can study their meanings. For example, a team of Israeli scientists used AI to get the meanings of bats’ 15,000 calls. They found that more than 60% of calls were fights and disagreements about four things: food, sleep positions, personal space, and unwanted advances. This is surprising as bats are thought to be quiet animals! The new technology can not only understand animal talks, but also communicate back to them. For example, scientists in Germany studied how bees used sounds and dances to speak. Then they put the bee language system into a robot bee, and hid it in a bee hive where bees live. The robot gave orders to the other bees, like “quiet down” or “stop”, and they would follow. Why is it important to understand animals’ words? It is the first step to give other kinds of creatures on Earth a chance to express themselves. The natural world is full of conversations. But we are only able to understand one of them. By using AI, we are better able to listen to them, especially those in faraway places like deep seas and mountain tops. Though AI has proved itself to be useful, we have to think about the problems it may bring. What problems would there be if one day we could use animal robots to “talk” to real animals? Will humans use the technology to control or hurt the animals? What can we do to stop these? We’d better think about these problems before we act. 46．How can AI and machine learning help people understand animals? ①By teaching human language to animals. ②By picking up sounds humans cannot hear. ③By working out the meaning of animals’ sounds. ④By teaching animals to understand robots’ words. ⑤By learning animal languages to talk with them. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③⑤ D．③④⑤ 47．What does the underlined word “This” refer to in paragraph 3? A．The group of Israeli scientists. B．The study on bats’ disagreements. C．The number of bats’ calls. D．The finding on bats’ calls. 48．Why is it meaningful to understand animals’ languages? A．It makes it possible for animals to be heard. B．It proves human’s ability to understand and control animals. C．It helps discover more animals in the faraway places. D．It allows humans to listen to animals more clearly. 49．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Bats are very quiet animals and hardly have disagreements. B．Scientists can only collect animal sounds on trees and mountaintops. C．The robot bee could give orders and real-bees followed them. D．We have already solved all the problems that AI may bring to animals. 50．What does the writer think of the technology? A．He is surprised at it. B．He is afraid of it. C．He is careful about it. D．He is satisfied with it. （11） In today’s busy family life, many parents have trouble talking with their growing children. Once chatty kids may now answer “fine” or “okay” when asked about their day—for example, they might hide in their rooms after school and refuse to share more about school life. This creates a quiet distance between parents and kids. There are two main reasons for this distance. First, as kids enter adolescence (青春期), they want to be independent and often prefer sharing their thoughts with friends over parents. Second, some parents use commanding words like “Do as I say” or only care about grades, never asking if their kids are happy. This makes kids feel unheard. Experts suggest easy ways to fix this. Try 15 minutes of “device-free time” daily—like walking together while chatting about school life or reading a short book. Instead of saying “You never listen!”, say “I worry when we can’t talk calmly.” Also, have regular (定期的) family chats about small things, such as weekend plans or favorite dinners, to make kids feel valued. Good parent-child connections need effort from both sides. With patience, these small steps can turn silence into warm conversations, making family life nicer. 51．Why do parents find it difficult to talk with their growing children? A．Because children don’t like their parents anymore. B．Because children don’t want to share their lives. C．Because parents and children live far away from each other. D．Because parents are too busy to care about their children’s school life. 52．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Why kids like talking to friends. B．How parents can get good grades. C．What independent kids usually do. D．Why there’s distance between parents and kids. 53．What does the underlined phrase “fix this” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Buy new electronic devices. B．Help kids finish homework. C．Make more friends for kids.D．End the distance between parents and kids. 54．Which is a suggested way to improve communication? A．Having daily device-free time. B．Using commanding language. C．Only asking about grades. D．Planning weekends alone. 55．How is the passage organized? A．Story → Rule → Fact. B．Example → Advice → Result. C．Problem → Reasons → Solutions. D．Questions → Answers → Warning. （12） Kevin was a shy teenager who had trouble making friends. He felt lonely most of the time and often sat alone during lunch. Although he wanted to connect with others, he didn’t know how to start a conversation. One day, a new student named Leo joined Kevin’s class. During lunch, Leo sat down next to Kevin and said, “Hi, I’m Leo. Is this seat taken?” Kevin shook his head nervously. “My name is Kevin,” he said quietly. The next day, Leo invited Kevin to play basketball with him and some other classmates. Kevin was surprised but agreed. At first, he was clumsy and missed most of his shots. But Leo encouraged him and said, “Don’t worry. Practice makes perfect.” Weeks passed, and Kevin grew more confident. He started to talk more and even made a few new friends. He realized that a small act of kindness could change everything. “I’m thankful that Leo sat next to me that day,” Kevin said. “He didn’t do anything big, but his simple ‘hi’ made a huge difference. It reminded me that everyone wants to be seen and accepted.” Sometimes, the smallest act of kindness can have the greatest impact. You never know how a simple greeting or a smile might change someone’s life. 56．How did Kevin feel most of the time before Leo came? A．Happy. B．Lonely. C．Angry. D．Excited. 57．What did Leo do to make Kevin feel welcomed? A．He gave Kevin a gift. B．He helped Kevin with homework. C．He sat next to Kevin and invited him to play. D．He asked the teacher to help Kevin. 58．What does the underlined phrase “Practice makes perfect” mean in Chinese? A．熟能生巧 B．精益求精 C．半途而废 D．全力以赴 59．What change happened to Kevin after Leo came? A．He became more confident. B．He stopped going to school. C．He argued with his friends. D．He spent all his time alone. 60．What is the main message of the story? A．Big actions are more important than small ones. B．Everyone should learn to play basketball. C．A small act of kindness can make a big difference. D．Making friends is impossible for shy people. （13） People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier. 61．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 1? A．Humans may not like animals. B．Scientists know nothing about it. C．Nobody knows why this happens. D．A new study adds chickens to the list. 62．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken? A．B．C．D． 63．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 64．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 65．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chickens’ Food Calls B．Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens C．Farmers’ Best Choice D．Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers （14） A lot of people take up dancing as a hobby after work. In fact, dancing has been seen as one of the best exercises to fight bad feelings in recent years. Why is dancing so helpful? Dancing, moving the body to different kinds of music, helps the body produce more endorphin (内啡肽), a chemical (化学物质) that makes people feel relaxed and happy. While simply listening to music or doing sports can cheer us up, mixing them together has a stronger effect. In a study, German scientists tested some patients under three conditions: dancing to music, only listening to music, and riding bikes without music. The results showed that the dancing group felt the least sad. This tells us that dancing is more than just moving around—it truly lifts our spirits. Dancing can also bring people closer. Social dances like tango and Latin need us to move with others, which improves our sense of social connection according to IBSA, a Swiss scientific organization. Through eye contact, people feel more trust and closeness. ▲ Studies show that depression (抑郁症) often has to do with sadness about the past or worries about the future. Dancing helps people focus on the present, connect with their bodies, and free their minds for a while, as reported by Psych Central, a mental health news website. When we dance, we stop overthinking and start feeling. This makes it an excellent way to enjoy the present moment without even trying. Lauren Helper, an American social worker, says dancing is a helpful way to reduce stress. It can be any form—whether it’s moving alone around the house to a song or going out dancing with friends. “The most important thing is that the movement is fun. You don’t need to be a perfect dancer. Just turn on some music, move your body, and enjoy the moment. That’s the real magic of dance.” she told Psych Central. 66．What can help you the most when you are sad according to the study? A．Attending a concert. B．Talking to a friend. C．Dancing to music. D．Riding a bike. 67．Why do people take up dancing after work? A．To kill time. B．To learn new skills. C．To make more friends. D．To fight against bad feelings. 68．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ” in the fifth paragraph? A．But dancing is not only good for our body. B．Dancing can also help people forget their problems. C．Dancing also helps people let go of bad feelings. D．But dancing is not the only way to feel better. 69．What is the correct structure of the passage? A．B．C．D． 70．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A New Way to Do Sports B．The Best Hobby for Workers C．How to Dance Correctly D．Why Dancing Helps with Feelings （15） We often think humans are special because only people can show many feelings. . Bumblebees (大黄蜂) can feel happiness and even spread it to other bees. In a study in Science, a team of researchers found that good feelings could spread among animals with small brains. They gave one bee some sugar water. This made the bee feel happy and changed how it acted. It became braver and more willing to stop on one flower and then on different flowers. It also did this more quickly than before. Other bees near it also began acting more happily and bravely, even though they didn’t get any sugar water. To make sure that the bees weren’t just following each other, researchers used some objects to see how bees communicated to share their feelings. In this way, only some senses could function, while others did not work. They found that bees could spread happiness just by seeing each other. They didn’t need to touch or smell to catch the good feelings. This is called feeling connection. It means feelings can spread among bees. One bee can understand and feel what another bee is feeling. Scientists used to think only animals with bigger brains could do this. It is suggested that sharing feelings is a key part of social life itself. Therefore, when you see a bee flying in the garden, it might be spreading more than just pollen (花粉) — it could be spreading joy! 71．Which of the following can be put in “______” in Paragraph 1? A．But small animals can’t feel joy. B．But some animals can do this too. C．But other animals feel no love. D．But bees never show the true care. 72．What is the right order of how bees spread happiness in the study?    A．③④②① B．②①③④ C．①③②④ D．②①④③ 73．What does the underlined word “function” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Work B．Fail C．Stop D．Hurt 74．What do we know about the feeling connection? A．Feelings are able to spread among bees. B．Animals only share pollen with each other. C．Bumblebees love sweet sugar water. D．Bees can find more flowers in a short time. 75．What is the best title of the passage? A．Why bumblebees look for food outside. B．Why sweet water changes bees’ moods. C．How bumblebees share happy feelings. D．How people protect small bees in nature. 参考答案 （1） 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕太空导游、人工智能心理学家、人机融合专家三类职业展开说明，帮助读者了解未来职业发展趋势。 【详解】1．第一段抛出话题：“Do you know some jobs were common fifty years ago, but today we almost cannot see them? Maybe these jobs will disappear in twenty years. So, do you want to know about some of the future jobs?”，后续文章具体介绍了未来三类全新职业，再结合第五段“Jobs are always changing. Learning new skills can help us get ready for these exciting future jobs”，可推知未来会有更多新工作。 2．第二段点明原因：“The guide must explain things clearly and keep everyone safe”，这直接说明太空游客需要导游的原因是导游要清晰讲解相关内容、保障所有人的安全。 3．第四段交代语境：“As new technologies are developing fast, people may need help to understand them. So the human-technology integration specialists might be very crucial”，结合后文该职业教人们使用未来技术、保障技术安全、筛选最优技术的核心作用，可推知“crucial”意为“至关重要的”。 4．第①段总起，引出“未来新职业”的话题；第②③④段分别介绍太空导游、人工智能心理学家、人机融合专家三种具体的未来职业；第⑤段总结全文，强调职业在不断变化、要学习新技能为未来做准备。整体为“总—分—总”结构。 5．第①段明确提出“So, do you want to know about some of the future jobs?”，全文围绕三种未来新职业展开介绍，结尾也呼应了“未来的新工作”这一主题，因此最佳标题为“Some Future Jobs”。 （2） 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文解释了走出舒适区的重要性（提升能力、增强自信、应对未来挑战），同时提醒避免压力过大进入危险区。 【详解】6．第一段指出：“A comfort zone is a place or a situation where people feel safe and have the least stress.”，明确指出舒适区是让人感到最不紧张（the least stress）的地方或情境。选项“A place where people can feel the least stressed”与此完全一致。 7．第三段指出：“As children, we’re natural risk-takers. But as we get older, we start trying fewer new things and become more afraid of failure.”，说明随着年龄增长，人们尝试的新事物变少，并且更加害怕失败。 8．第四段指出：“As we grow older…our comfort zone becomes smaller. However, the more we try, the more our comfort zone expands. We will gradually feel comfortable about more difficulties.”，前半句说舒适区变小，后半句用“however”转折，说明多尝试之后舒适区会变大，从而能适应更多困难。因此“expands”意为“变得更大”，对应选项“Becomes larger”。 9．第五段指出：“Yerkes-Dodson Law…means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down.”，该规律描述表现随压力增加而上升，但超过某一点后表现下降。这对应一个先上升后下降的倒“U”形曲线。A选项符合。 10．文章第一段提出走出舒适区很重要，第二至四段分别从提升能力、增强勇气和自信、为未来挑战做准备三个角度说明原因，第五段补充不要过度施压。全文核心是解释“为什么我们应该走出舒适区”。选项“Why should we step out of our comfort zone?”准确概括主旨。 （3） 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了无臂骑手徐芳艳克服身体残疾、坚持马术梦想，并通过社交媒体激励他人的励志故事。 11．第一段描述了无臂骑手徐芳艳精彩的马术表演，对于运动员在比赛中完成出色表现，最符合英语社交习惯的回应是Congratulations!“祝贺你！”，用于肯定她的成绩、表达赞赏。 12．第二段中提到“ They helped her learn to do everything on her own, like eating and writing.”，“helped her learn”是具体的支持行为，对应“backed her up”（支持）。 13．第三段提到“At first, she was unsure, but she decided to give it a try.”说明了她不确定，但她决定试一试，not certain直接对应unsure“不确定”，“ try”对应give it a try“试一试”。 14．第四段提到“Through her fun videos, she encourages people to follow their dreams...”可知她鼓励人们追逐梦想，encourage等同于inspire，核心目的是激励他人。 15．文章围绕徐芳艳作为骑手追逐梦想展开，B选项概括了主角无臂骑手的身份和梦想，最具概括性且富有感染力。 （4） 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇科普文章，通过科学研究证明积极情绪有助于预防感冒和其他疾病，并解释了其背后的免疫机制。 【详解】16．第二段提到“People with positive emotions may have stronger immune responses to the illnesses”，说明积极情绪可能导致更强的免疫反应，从而帮助避免生病。 17．第二段解释了积极情绪如何帮助预防感冒和其他疾病，并指出即使生病也不会太严重，因此本段旨在展示情绪与疾病之间的关系。 18．第三段提到“there were some issues. They didn’t know how emotions made a difference.”，说明科学家们不清楚情绪如何产生影响，即研究中存在一些问题，“issues”意为“问题”。 19．第四段提到“Cohen and his team let 193 healthy people do tests”，第五段描述了对志愿者进行鼻内流感病毒测试并观察结果，说明他们通过测试健康人群获得研究结果。 20．全文围绕“积极情绪有助于健康”这一核心发现展开，因此最佳标题是“好情绪，好健康”。 （5） 21．B 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 【导语】本文围绕锻炼展开，介绍了多种锻炼方式、锻炼的注意事项，阐明了锻炼对身体健康、思维提升和情绪改善的益处，呼吁人们将锻炼融入生活。 21．根据第一段“You only need to do more exercise in your life.” 以及第二段列举的多种简单运动方式（如走路、做家务等）可知，作者认为让我们感觉变好的锻炼方式是很容易做到的。 22．根据第二段首句“There are many kinds of exercise.” 以及后文列举的各类运动可知，第二段主要告诉我们可以做哪些种类的运动。 23．根据第五段“When you exercise, your body produces chemicals and they make you feel happier. At the same time, it decreases chemicals that make you feel terrible.” 可知，锻炼会产生让人开心的化学物质，同时“减少”让人难受的化学物质，因此“decreases” 的意思是“减少”，与 “reduces”意思相近。 24．根据文章结构： ① 第一段总起，提出锻炼能解决身体不适的问题； ② 第二段介绍可做的运动种类； ③ 第三段介绍锻炼的注意事项； ④ 第四段介绍锻炼对身体和思维的好处； ⑤ 第五段介绍锻炼对情绪的好处； ⑥ 第六段总结，呼吁大家把锻炼融入生活。 文章为 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构。 25．根据全文内容，文章介绍了锻炼的种类、好处，强调锻炼能带来健康和快乐，结合最后一段“exercise can help you feel better” 可知，最佳标题是“Exercise for health and happiness”。 （6） 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文通过第一人称叙述，生动展示了巧克力品鉴师的工作日常及作者对职业的热爱。 【详解】26．细节理解题。根据“I test and taste chocolate I make there”可知，作者在厨房测试和品尝自制的巧克力；根据“I spend days choosing the best ones (raw materials) to go into the chocolate”可知，作者花时间选择最好的原材料加入巧克力，②④正确。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据“Sometimes I am in the kitchen. Sometimes I’m out of the country…”可知，工作内容多变。选项A“做这份工作没有哪两天是完全一样的”，强调工作的多样性，与后文逻辑一致。故选A。 28．词句猜测题。根据“Because I have a young family, which can be grueling.”并结合后文转折“But I love this job”说明虽有困难仍坚持，因此“grueling”应指“辛苦/困难”，与“Difficult”同义。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据“It’s wonderful to work there”；“I love this job”以及“I never get bored of chocolate”可知，作者认为自己的工作令人享受的。故选B。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕作者的人工作内容展开：品尝巧克力、选择原材料、国内外出差、家庭与工作的平衡，以及作者对工作的热爱。故选A。 （7） 31．C 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要帮助读者正确认识牙医的工作及其重要性，消除对看牙医的恐惧，并介绍从事这一职业所需的基本素养。 【详解】31．第一段“but we have to understand that...healthy teeth and gums.”与“ Lots of us find it a little bit horrible”前后内容相反，可推断下划线词为负面含义的词，并结合“a dentist is someone who wants to help us”可知，很多人对牙医有恐惧心理，选项C“scary”与horrible同义。 32．根据第二段“Dentists’ job is to give us...about our eating habits.”和“ Dentists also do things like filling teeth...what the problem is.”可知，第二段主要在介绍牙医的工作，选项B与之对应。 33．根据第三段“There are different kinds of dentists. For example...”可知，作者通过举例的方式向读者展示了有不同种类的牙医，选项C与之对应。 34．第五段“Dentists cannot be impatient during their work. ”表明，牙医在工作期间不能没有耐心，可知此处给出的建议为“要耐心”，选项B符合语境。 35．结合第二段陈述的牙医的工作、第三段举例的不同种类的牙医以及下文给出的从事牙医所需的技巧可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一份职业——牙医，选项B与之对应。 （8） 36．C 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了百科全书的发展历史，从古代羊皮卷的百科全书到18世纪印刷术带来的变化，再到20世纪90年代CD-ROM等形式，以及21世纪以维基百科为代表的在线百科全书的特点等 。 36．根据第二段“The 1700s saw major changes because of the use of the printing press (印刷机). Famous sets like Diderot’s Encyclopedia in France and Encyclopedia Britannica in Scotland were printed. This technology allowed many copies to be made, making encyclopedias easier to get to society”可知，在18世纪，因为印刷机的使用，能够制作出更多的副本，使得更多人能够使用印刷版的百科全书。 37．第三段提到“In the 1900s, new forms like microfilm (缩微胶片) and CD-ROMs (computer discs) appeared. They stored huge amounts of text and images, making encyclopedias much lighter and easier to carry than heavy book sets.”可知，缩微胶片和光盘使百科全书更轻、更便于携带。 38．前文介绍了从古代到19世纪百科全书的发展，后面提到免费网站维基百科等内容，这里需要一个过渡句。选项B“However, the biggest change came with the internet.”，能够很好地引出下文关于互联网时代百科全书变化的内容。 39．根据最后一段“Free websites like Wikipedia (started in 2001) let anyone with a device find knowledge right away. Most importantly, they allow ordinary people worldwide to write, edit and update (给……增加最新信息) articles together—unlike traditional encyclopedias created only by experts.”可知，维基百科与传统百科全书不同之处在于它有普通人提供的新信息。 40．根据最后一段“Today, online forms include videos and sounds and are available in many languages, keeping the ancient goal: to share knowledge with everyone globally.”可知，如今百科全书的主要目的是广泛地分享知识。 （9） 41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过分享学校“绿色学校项目”的经历，引出团队合作的话题，并详细介绍了让团队合作更成功的几条建议。 【详解】41．根据第一段第一句“Last week, our school held a ‘Green School Project’. Our class joined in it...”可知，作者通过讲述上周学校举行项目的亲身经历来开启文章。 42．根据第二段最后一句“Before doing a class project, you need to check the goal and instructions carefully.”可知，在做团队项目之前，需要仔细检查目标和说明。 43．根据第四段画线词后的“the work into smaller tasks”可知，separate在此处意为“分开、划分”，与Divide同义。 44．通读全文可知，第一段引出话题并提出将给出建议；第二至五段分别从明确目标、分配角色、划分任务、尊重与合作四个方面具体阐述了建议内容，属于并列关系。因此文章结构为①/②③④⑤。 45．文章第一段末尾提到“Here are some tips to make teamwork successful.”，随后全文围绕如何让团队合作更成功展开介绍。因此最佳标题是“如何让团队合作成功”。 （10） 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．C 【导语】本文主要介绍AI技术如何帮助人类理解动物的语言，同时探讨该技术的意义与潜在风险。 【详解】46．根据第二段“scientists can collect their sounds”可知AI能帮助拾取人类听不见的声音（对应②）；根据第三段“AI can study their meanings”可知能弄清楚动物声音的含义（对应③）；根据第四段“communicate back to them”及第五段“listen to them”可知能与动物对话（对应⑤）。①是过去的做法，④并非主要帮助理解的方式。 47．根据第三段“They found that more than 60% of calls were fights and disagreements…This is surprising…”可知，“This”指代前一句中科学家关于蝙蝠叫声内容的发现。 48．根据第五段“It is the first step to give other kinds of creatures on Earth a chance to express themselves.”可知，理解动物语言的重要性在于给动物表达自我的机会，即让它们被听见。 49．A项与第三段研究发现（蝙蝠常有争吵）矛盾；B项“only”与第二段“even on the backs of whales and birds”矛盾；D项与最后一段“we have to think about the problems”矛盾。C项与第四段“The robot gave orders…and they would follow.”描述一致。 50．根据最后一段“Though AI has proved itself to be useful, we have to think about the problems it may bring…We’d better think about these problems before we act.”可知，作者认为在享受技术便利的同时要谨慎思考其带来的问题。 （11） 51．B 52．D 53．D 54．A 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了青春期孩子与父母沟通变少的原因，并提出了改善沟通的建议。 【详解】51．第一段“Once chatty kids may now answer ‘fine’ or ‘okay’... refuse to share more about school life.”可知，孩子不愿意分享自己的生活，导致沟通困难。 52．第二段开头“There are two main reasons for this distance”可知，父母与孩子之间产生距离的两个原因。因此主旨是“为什么父母和孩子之间会有距离”。A“为什么孩子喜欢和朋友聊天”只是其中一个原因；B、C偏离主题。 53．前文一直在讨论父母与孩子之间的“quiet distance”（沉默的距离），因此“fix this”指“结束这种距离”，即消除父母和孩子之间的距离。 54．第三段“Try 15 minutes of ‘device-free time’ daily”可知，每天15分钟无电子设备时间是具体建议。B“使用命令式语言”与建议相反；C“只问成绩”是导致距离的原因；D“独自计划周末”未提及。 55．文章第一段提出了亲子沟通困难的问题（Problem），第二段分析了产生距离的两个原因（Reasons），第三段给出了专家的建议和解决方法（Solutions），最后一段总结。因此文章结构为“问题→原因→解决方案”。 （12） 56．B 57．C 58．A 59．A 60．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，围绕青少年交友困境展开，讲述了害羞、孤独、难以交友的Kevin，在新同学Leo的善意 (主动打招呼、邀请打球) 帮助下，逐渐变得自信、主动社交、交到朋友的故事，传递了“小小的善意举动能带来巨大改变”的深刻道理。 【详解】56．第一段直接点明：“He felt lonely most of the time and often sat alone during lunch.”，直接说明Leo来之前，Kevin大多数时候的感受是孤独的。 57．第二段提到Leo主动坐到Kevin身边打招呼，第三段提到Leo邀请Kevin一起打篮球，这两个举动让Kevin感受到了欢迎。 58．划线部分“Practice makes perfect”是英语中的经典谚语，结合Leo鼓励Kevin打篮球的语境，其含义为“熟能生巧”。 59．第四段指出：“Weeks passed, and Kevin grew more confident. He started to talk more and even made a few new friends.”，说明Leo到来后，Kevin变得更加自信。 60．文章最后一段点明主旨：“Sometimes, the smallest act of kindness can have the greatest impact.”，说明故事传递的核心道理是：小小的善意举动能带来巨大的改变。 （13） 61．D 62．D 63．A 64．C 65．B 【导语】本文进行一个研究，研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。 【详解】61．推理判断题。根据“In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ... It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.”可知，空前提到牛、青蛙和熊猫，空后提到鸡，选项D “一项新的研究将鸡加入了这个名单” 符合语境，故选D。 62．推理判断题。根据“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”可知，当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。选项D符合 “快速而响亮的声音” 这一描述，故选D。 63．细节理解题。根据“The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.”可知，这些录音播放给194名志愿者听，所以志愿者们是通过听鸡叫来帮助这项研究，故选A。 64．词句猜测题。根据“Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings.”可知，一些科学家已经在研究一种可以……鸡的情感的智能计算机程序。联系前文可知，是为了识别鸡的情感，故选C。 65．最佳标题题。本文介绍研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤，选项B “快乐的鸡，悲伤的鸡” 符合主题，故选B。 (14) 66．C 67．D 68．C 69．A 70．D 【导语】本文介绍跳舞作为缓解不良情绪的有效方式，从生理、社交、心理等方面分析其益处，并引用研究和专家观点佐证。 【详解】66．第三段指出研究发现：“German scientists tested some patients...The results showed that the dancing group felt the least sad.”随音乐跳舞缓解悲伤的效果最显著。 67．第一段说明原因：“In fact, dancing has been seen as one of the best exercises to fight bad feelings in recent years.”人们下班后跳舞是为了对抗不良情绪。 68．第四段说明跳舞能拉近人际距离，第五段说明跳舞能让人专注当下、摆脱对过去的悲伤和对未来的担忧，“Dancing also helps people let go of bad feelings.” 承接上文社交益处，引出下文心理层面摆脱负面情绪的内容，对应选项C。 69．文章结构为：P1总起，提出跳舞是对抗不良情绪的好方式；P2-P5分别从生理、研究对比、社交、心理四个维度分述跳舞的益处；P6引用专家观点总结。即总（P1）—分（P2-P5）—总（P6）的结构，对应选项A。 70．全文围绕“跳舞为何能改善情绪”展开，从生理、社交、心理多方面分析原因，最佳标题为“Why Dancing Helps with Feelings”。 (15) 71．B 72．B 73．A 74．A 75．C 【导语】本文介绍了一项研究发现，大黄蜂能够感受快乐并将这种情绪传递给其他蜜蜂，表明情感传播可能是社会生活的重要组成部分。 【详解】71．前文指出我们以为只有人类能表达情感，后文说大黄蜂也能感受快乐并传播，因此空缺处应填“But some animals can do this too”，构成转折关系，衔接自然。 72．第二段指出：“They gave one bee some sugar water. This made the bee feel happy...It became braver and more willing to stop on one flower and then on different flowers. Other bees near it also began acting more happily”，对应顺序为：给糖水（②）→停在一朵花上（①）→停在多朵花上（③）→其他蜜蜂也变开心（④），因此②①③④。 73．第三段中“function”所在句为：“only some senses could function”，结合前文“researchers used some objects to see how bees communicated”，说明有些感官能“工作”，因此“function”意为“work”。 74．第四段指出：“feelings can spread among bees.”，说明情感可以在蜜蜂之间传播。 75．全文围绕大黄蜂如何分享快乐情绪展开，介绍了实验过程和发现，因此“How bumblebees share happy feelings”是最佳标题。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【期末备考】2025-2026年八年级英语下学期期末复习满分冲刺（人教版新教材） 专题04 题型突破之阅读理解B篇（15篇） 目录： 1.提分策略 2.题型专项练习 提分策略 B篇难度高于A篇，是中档拉分题，以记叙文、夹叙夹议、人物故事、生活感悟、科普短文为主，句式变长、长难句增多，题型综合（细节+推理+词义猜测+主旨）。下面结合新教材考点，分步骤、题型、文体、避坑点精讲。 一、篇章整体特点 1. 篇幅：中等长度，段落3–5段，词汇以课标核心词+少量拓展词为主 2. 题型分布：细节题约50%、推理判断25%、词义猜测15%、主旨/标题10% 3. 行文规律：题目顺序基本跟随原文段落顺序，极少乱序 4. 核心难点：长难句理解、句意同义替换、深层逻辑推理 二、标准解题五步流程（考场通用） 1. 速读题干，划定位词（不看选项） 只读每道题题干，圈出：人名、地名、时间、数字、名词、动词、特殊疑问词。 作用：明确考点，带着问题读文章，避免盲目通读浪费时间。 2. 通读全文，把握脉络 快速读文章，理清： 记叙文：人物→时间→事件起因→经过→结果/感悟 说明文/感悟文：中心话题→分论点→总结观点 遇到生词、复杂句子先跳过，不纠结。 3. 精准回文，定位答题区间 根据题干关键词，锁定对应段落与句子 ⚠重要原则：答案一定源自原文，主观想法不能当依据。 4. 分析原句，比对选项 细节题：比对词汇、句式，重点识别同义替换 推理题：结合上下文逻辑，适度推断，不过度延伸 词义题：依托前后句语境判断含义 逐一排除明显错误选项。 5. 复核检查 核对人称、时态、限定词、逻辑关系，确认答案和原文逻辑一致。 3、 四大题型专项解题技巧 （一）细节理解题（基础必考） 出题形式:What/Which/Why/How 提问事实、原因、做法、特征等。 解题技巧 1. 原词复现定位 题干词汇直接出现在原文，答案就在本句或前后紧邻句。 2. 同义替换（B篇高频） 出题核心方式，近义词、短语、句式改写，意思不变。 例： be good at = do well in； give up = stop doing； in the end = at last 3. 因果细节题 抓逻辑标志词：because, so, for, why, as a result，原因、结果分清楚。 避坑 警惕范围篡改：some → all；sometimes → always；may → must。 （二）推理判断题（B篇重难点） 题干标志 We can infer / know / learn from the passage that… What can we conclude from…? What does the writer mean…? 解题规则 1. 原文原句≠正确答案：直接照搬文中句子一般是干扰项。 2. 推理有度：只基于文本信息推一步，不脑补生活常识、个人想法。 3. 优选委婉表达：含 may, might, probably, maybe 的选项正确率更高；含 must, never, absolutely 等绝对词慎选。 4. 态度推理（作者/人物情绪）：抓形容词、副词、转折词（but/however）判断褒贬、喜恶。 （三）词义/短语猜测题 题干形式:The underlined word/phrase “___” means ____. 4种解题方法 （1） 语境关系法（首选） 并列：and, also, too → 词义相近 转折：but, however, while → 词义相反 解释：that is, in other words, 破折号、逗号后内容，直接释义。 2. 构词法 un-/in- 表否定；-ful 表“充满…的”；-less 表“无…的”。 3. 代入验证法 把选项词义放入原句，通读，语句通顺、逻辑合理即为答案。 4. 生活常识辅助：结合话题常识辅助判断，仅作补充。 （四）主旨大意 & 标题题 题干标志 What’s the main idea of the passage? The best title for the passage is ____. 解题技巧 1. 找主旨句 记叙文/议论文：主旨常在首段尾句、尾段首/尾句 每段第一句多为段落中心，串联即可把握全文。 2. 标题选择三原则 概括性：覆盖全文核心，不局限某一段细节 针对性：贴合文章主题，不范围过大 简洁性：短小精炼，表意明确 3. 排除干扰项 只讲局部细节（以偏概全）→ 排除 内容文章未提及 → 排除 范围太大，脱离文本 → 排除 四、高频文体专项突破（八年级B篇主流文体） 1. 记叙文（人物故事、成长经历、趣事、感人故事） 梳理六要素：人物、时间、地点、起因、经过、结局 重点关注：人物心理变化、动作描写、文末感悟（常考推理、主旨） 题目顺序严格跟随故事发展顺序，定位轻松。 2. 夹叙夹议文（故事+道理） 结构：叙事 + 发表观点/感悟 考点侧重：后半段议论部分，常考作者态度、文章主旨。 3. 简单说明文（生活科普、文化习俗、事物介绍） 结构：总—分 / 总—分—总 重点抓：说明对象、特征、用途、优缺点，多考细节+词义猜测。 4. 观点类短文（看法、建议、现象讨论） 抓逻辑词：first, second, finally, but, however 区分：作者观点、他人观点，避免混淆。 五、高频陷阱&避坑清单（扣分重灾区） 1. 顺序陷阱 题目顺序和段落顺序基本一致，若第2题答案出现在第4段，大概率定位错误。 2. 偷换概念 主体、对象、动作被替换，句子看着相似，实际意思不同，逐词核对。 3. 半对半错 选项前半部分正确，后半部分篡改信息，必须读完整个选项再判断。 4. 断章取义 只截取文中一句话，脱离上下文语境，看似正确，实则错误。 5. 生词干扰 遇到陌生单词不要慌，不影响做题就跳过；考点生词结合语境猜测，不卡壳。 6. 情感/态度混淆 区分“文中人物态度”和“作者态度”，二者可能不一致。 题型专项练习 （1） Do you know some jobs were common fifty years ago, but today we almost cannot see them? Maybe these jobs will disappear in twenty years. So, do you want to know about some of the future jobs? The first one is the space tour guide. People are expecting an exciting trip to space. It will soon come true for many people. If you take a trip to space, you will see the sun rising and setting many times in one day. And for the trip, travellers will need a space tour guide. The guide must explain things clearly and keep everyone safe. This means the space tour guide must be a good communicator. The second one is the AI psychologist (人工智能心理学家). More and more work needs AI. And machines will be more like humans. They will need engineers to develop their “minds”. An AI psychologist will need to know about both psychology and technology. This person will help future supercomputers work well. The last one is the human-technology integration specialist (人机融合专家). As new technologies are developing fast, people may need help to understand them. So the human-technology integration specialists might be very crucial. They can teach people to use future technologies. They will make sure that all the technologies are safe and help choose the best ones. Jobs are always changing. Learning new skills can help us get ready for these exciting future jobs. 1．What can we learn from the passage? A．All the jobs will not change in the future. B．There will be more new jobs in the future. C．New technologies will develop slowly. D．All the new technologies will be safe. 2．Why do space travellers need a tour guide? A．To help them see the sun rise and set many times. B．To explain things clearly and keep everyone safe. C．To become a good communicator in space. D．To make their space travel exciting and enjoyable. 3．What does the underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Important. B．Serious. C．Successful. D．Funny. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) for the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②③/④/⑤ 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．AI Reads Minds B．AI Helps Humans C．Safe Technologies D．Some Future Jobs （2） A comfort zone is a place or a situation where people feel safe and have the least stress. In this zone, everything is familiar and easy. However, stepping out of the comfort zone and into the learning zone is very important. Here are the reasons. Stepping out of your comfort zone helps you improve your abilities. When we try something new, we have a chance to learn new skills and develop ourselves. If we only stick to the same routine (常规), it is hard to make progress. Taking risks helps us become braver and more confident. As children, we’re natural risk-takers. But as we get older, we start trying fewer new things and become more afraid of failure. In fact, failure is a natural part of learning. Each time we try again after failing, we become more confident and less afraid of challenges. It prepares us for future challenges and keeps our minds active. As we grow older, we meet more new challenges, our comfort zone becomes smaller. However, the more we try, the more our comfort zone expands. We will gradually feel comfortable about more difficulties. However, don’t push yourself too far. Have you heard of “Yerkes-Dodson Law”? It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down. When stress becomes too great for us to deal with, we enter the danger zone. 6．What is a comfort zone according to Paragraph 1? A．A routine that helps people make great progress. B．A place where people can feel the least stressed. C．A zone where people can learn new things easily. D．A situation that has the most stress to challenge people. 7．What happens to people as they grow older? A．They lose all the natural abilities to take risks. B．They find learning becomes much easier. C．They become much braver to try new things. D．They start to fear failure and try fewer new things. 8．What does the underlined word “expands” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Becomes smaller B．Becomes larger. C．Moves away. D．Stays the same. 9．Which of the following pictures can describe “Yerkes-Dodson Law”? A． B． C． D． 10．What is the best title for this passage? A．Why do people stay in their comfort zone? B．Why should we step out of our comfort zone? C．How does learning new skills help people? D．What happens when there is too much stress? （3） Imagine riding a horse without hands! Xu Fangyan, a rider without hands, amazed everyone by sharing a video of herself in an equestrian dressage event (马术盛装舞步比赛). With special reins (缰绳) made just for her, she finished her performance beautifully. Xu was born in 1997 in Sichuan, China. When she was just 7 years old, she had a terrible accident and lost her hands. During this hard time, her family backed her up. They helped her learn to do everything on her own, like eating and writing. Xu’s introduction to horse riding started with a surprise meeting. One day, as she was on her way to work, a stranger stopped her suddenly and asked if she wanted to be a horse rider. Later, she learnt that this person worked for the local Disabled Persons’ Federation (残联). At first, she was unsure, but she decided to give it a try. With special training and encouragement from her instructor, she found her confidence and joined an equestrian team for disabled riders. In her first match, she won first place! Today, Xu has over 100,000 followers on social media. She shares her training videos, and also shows how she can type, answer phones, and even put on her makeup (化妆品) without hands. Through her fun videos, she encourages people to follow their dreams and shows that anyone can achieve their goals, no matter the challenges they face. She believes,“ Life is like an equestrian event; only by getting over challenges can you find your way.” 11．What might people want to say to Xu Fangyan after watching the video in Paragraph 1? A．What a pity! B．Congratulations! C．Thanks so much! D．It’s so kind of you! 12．What does the underlined phrase“ backed her up” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Laughed at her. B．Argued with her. C．Felt sorry for her. D．Were there for her. 13．How did Xu Fangyan feel when she was first asked to try horse riding? A．She was very excited and said yes right away. B．She felt not certain but still decided to try. C．She was angry and refused to try. D．She was scared and ran away. 14．Why does Xu Fangyan share fun videos on social media? A．To inspire others. B．To become famous. C．To teach people skills. D．To ask people for help. 15．What is the best title for the passage? A．Life after an accident B．Dreams on horseback C．Daily life on social media D．An equestrian dressage event （4） According to a new study, staying positive during the cold season can help you stay away from getting ill. In the study, scientists found that people with positive emotions were less likely to be ill. The findings showed that positive emotions can help stop common colds and other illnesses. “People with positive emotions may have stronger immune responses (免疫反应) to the illnesses,” explained Dr Sheldon Cohen. “And when they do get a cold or have the flu, it may not be too serious.” In an early study, Cohen and his team found that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, but there were some issues. They didn’t know how emotions made a difference. For the new study, Cohen and his team let 193 healthy people do tests. Those who were often happy and easy-going had a good emotional style, while those who were often unhappy and angry had a bad emotional style. Cohen and his team put a little water with the flu in the volunteers’ noses. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any hurt or uncomfortable feelings they had. At the same time, the team wrote down their information. By studying their nose conditions, Cohen and his team found that happy people were less likely to have a cold. 16．Why can positive emotions help to avoid getting ill? A．They may help people stay happy. B．They may lead to stronger immune responses. C．They may let people know the causes of getting ill. D．They may stop people from having uncomfortable feelings. 17．Why did the writer write Paragraph 2? A．To give advice on keeping healthy. B．To tell the ways to stop having a cold. C．To talk about different kinds of illnesses. D．To show the relationship between emotions and illnesses. 18．What does the underlined word “issues” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Problems. B．Mistakes. C．Reasons. D．Jokes. 19．How did Cohen and his team get the result? A．By testing healthy people. B．By doing research on animals. C．By asking questions online. D．By getting information in libraries. 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．Scientists’ Worries B．People’s Health Problems C．Cold Seasons, Poor Bodies D．Good Emotions, Better Health （5） Do you often feel bad or tired? If you do, there’s an answer to your problem. You only need to do more exercise in your life. There are many kinds of exercise. You can go to the health club. You can play basketball, soccer, or other ball sports. You can also run, swim, or take a walk. You can even do some exercise at your home. Doing some housework is a kind of exercise. Different people enjoy different kinds of exercise. When you exercise, remember the following points: You like what you are doing; exercise enough but not too much. It is good to exercise for 20 to 30 minutes a day. If you can’t do that, then three days a week is also good. When you exercise, you get your heart and blood to move quickly. This brings more oxygen (氧气) to your body. As a result, your body has more energy and you feel better. Also, exercise can help you think better. Studies show that when you move your body, it is good for your mind. Exercise can make you feel happier. When you exercise, your body produces chemicals (化学物质) and they make you feel happier. At the same time, it decreases chemicals that make you feel terrible. As you can see, exercise can help you feel better. It can do so much more, too. So, try to make exercise a part of your life. 21．What does the writer think of doing exercise to make us feel better? A．Difficult. B．Easy. C．Meaningless. D．Boring. 22．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．What kinds of exercise we can do. B．Where the best place to exercise is. C．How much time we need to exercise. D．Why we should do different kinds of exercise. 23．What does the underlined word “decreases” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Breaks. B．Reduces. C．Avoids. D．Realizes. 24．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 25．What’s the best title for the text? A．Ways to stay relaxed. B．Try to be happy with your life. C．Different kinds of physical activity. D．Exercise for health and happiness. （6） People often talk about jobs. But when I tell others what I do for a living, they can hardly believe it. I spend my day at work eating chocolate! I taste chocolate to make sure that people can get excellent chocolate from our factory. Every week I receive chocolate from our factory. I have to check it for taste and smell. I also have to taste raw materials (原材料) we usually use. I spend days choosing the best ones to go into the chocolate. Just beside my office I have a kitchen. I test and taste chocolate I make there. My kitchen is full of machines. It’s wonderful to work there during the day. ▲ Sometimes I am in the kitchen. Sometimes I’m out of the country buying the raw materials we need. Because I have a young family, which can be grueling. But I love this job. Many people ask me whether I get bored of chocolate. I’ve worked with it for a long time, but I’ve never thought about I don’t want to eat it any more. In fact, I often go home and eat some more in the morning! 26．Which of the following does the writer do in his work? ①Sells chocolate machines.                ② Tests and tastes chocolate. ③ Buys chocolate of different tastes        ④Chooses raw materials of chocolate. A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 27．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in the last paragraph? A．No two days are the same in this job. B．People believe it must be very easy. C．They tell me some ways of improving it. D．Do you want to know why I chose this job? 28．What does the underlined word “grueling” in the last paragraph mean? A．Great. B．Difficult. C．Relaxing. D．Boring. 29．What does the writer think of his job? A．Common. B．Enjoyable. C．Terrible. D．Easy. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．What the writer’s job is like. B．When the writer began his job. C．Why the writer loves chocolate. D．How the writer makes chocolate. （7） Most of us have tooth problems from time to time, but only a few of us go to the dentist. Lots of us find it a little bit horrible, but we have to understand that a dentist is someone who wants to help us by making sure that we have healthy teeth and gums (牙龈). Dentists’ job is to give us advice about how to take good care of our teeth and gums. They also tell us about making healthy choices about our eating habits. This is because the choices we make about our food every day can make a big difference to our teeth. Having healthy teeth is an important part of having a healthy body, so dentists encourage us to have cleaning and check-ups for our teeth from time to time. Dentists also do things like filling teeth, removing teeth, polishing teeth and so on. Sometimes they have to take X-rays to look at our teeth and gums to find out what the problem is. There are different kinds of dentists. For example, an orthodontist (正畸医师) fits braces (牙箍) that help people to straighten teeth, and a paediatric (儿科的) dentist looks after children’s teeth. Would you like to be a dentist when you grow up? Here are some skills needed. * ▲ Dentists cannot be impatient during their work. They have to take their time. * Be good with technology. Dentists must learn how to use new tools. * Be able to explain well. Dentists need to be able to explain to the patient what the problem is and how they are going to deal with the problem. 31．What does the underlined word “horrible” probably mean? A．expected B．lovely C．scary D．boring 32．What’s the second paragraph mainly about? A．How important our eating habits are. B．What a dentist’s job is. C．Why we should check up our teeth often. D．When dentists take X-rays for our teeth. 33．How does the writer show that there are different kinds of dentists? A．By explaining reasons. B．By telling stories. C．By giving examples. D．By raising questions. 34．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in the text? A．Be hard-working. B．Be patient. C．Be serious. D．Be humorous. 35．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To show us the importance of good teeth. B．To introduce a job to us. C．To ask us to take good care of our teeth. D．To advise us to study hard. （8） An encyclopedia (百科全书) is a special book or website that gathers knowledge about many different subjects. People have created encyclopedias for thousands of years. One of the oldest examples is Naturalis Historia by Pliny the Elder, written on parchment scrolls (羊皮卷) in Rome around 2,000 years ago. These early works were hand-copied, took years to make, and were so expensive that only scholars or rich people could own them. The 1700s saw major changes because of the use of the printing press (印刷机). Famous sets like Diderot’s Encyclopedia in France and Encyclopedia Britannica in Scotland were printed. This technology allowed many copies to be made, making encyclopedias easier to get to society, though they were still expensive. These books became valuable sources of information in homes, schools, and libraries. In the 1900s, new forms like microfilm (tiny photo film) and CD-ROMs (computer discs) appeared. They stored huge amounts of text and images, making encyclopedias much lighter and easier to carry than heavy book sets. ________. Free websites like Wikipedia (started in 2001) let anyone with a device find knowledge right away. Most importantly, they allow ordinary people worldwide to write, edit and update (给……增加最新信息) articles together—unlike traditional encyclopedias created only by experts. Today, online forms include videos and sounds and are available in many languages, keeping the ancient goal: to share knowledge with everyone globally. 36．Why could more people use printed encyclopedias in the 1700s? A．They had more pictures. B．They were free to schools. C．Printing machines produced more copies. D．They were smaller than handwritten ones. 37．What did CD-ROMs and microfilm do for encyclopedias? A．Made them free to use. B．Allowed online updates. C．Made them lighter to carry. D．Added less useful information. 38．Which sentence can be put in “________”? A．The printing press was invented in Germany around 1440. B．However, the biggest change came with the internet. C．Many people still prefer to read books instead of using the internet. D．In the future, encyclopedias may only exist online. 39．How is Wikipedia different from traditional encyclopedias? A．It includes fewer topics. B．It cannot be updated once published. C．It has no articles in different languages. D．It has new information provided by ordinary people. 40．What is the main purpose of encyclopedias today according to the text? A．To help students study. B．To share knowledge widely. C．To save more ancient books. D．To introduce school textbooks. （9） Last week, our school held a “Green School Project”. Our class joined in it by doing something meaningful as a team. Some of us wrote down the whole plan. Some prepared the necessary materials. As a result, we finished the work well in a short time. Of course, team activities aren’t always easy. In fact, they can be stressful if people don’t know how to work well together. Here are some tips to make teamwork successful. Make sure everyone understands the goal of the project. There’s a saying, “If you don’t know where you’re going, you probably won’t get there.” So the clear goal is important. Before doing a class project, you need to check the goal and instructions carefully. Teams work better when people have their own roles. For example, there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions. There might also be a note-taker who writes down the team’s ideas during meetings, and a time-keeper to make sure people don’t waste time chatting. For large projects, separate the work into smaller tasks. Team members can choose tasks they do well in or enjoy. Of course, you shouldn’t always do the same task. It’s good to try new things even if they’re difficult. When you’re working in a team, respect is necessary. You’d better listen when others are speaking and don’t cut in. Do your part properly, so other members don’t have to do work for you. Finally, try to stay active and enjoy yourself. Everything is easier when you’re having fun! 41．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving a fact. D．By telling an experience. 42．What should we do before doing a team project? A．Choose our favourite part of it. B．Vote for the most suitable person for each role. C．Check the goal and instructions carefully. D．Give out tasks to everyone in the team. 43．What does the underlined word “separate” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Divide. B．Require. C．Advise. D．Provide. 44．What’s the structure of the passage? (①＝Paragraph 1...) A．①/②③/④/⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 45．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Make Teamwork Successful B．Teamwork Works Better C．Why We Need Teamwork D．What Is Teamwork （10） How are animals communicating with each other? In the past, we could only study this by watching animals carefully or teaching them human language. But now with the help of AI and machine learning, we may be able to understand their languages! All around the animal world, there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants, for example, talk with each other using infrasound—too low for humans to hear. Bats communicate with ultrasound—too high for humans to hear. However, by putting field recorders in trees, on mountaintops, and even on the backs of whales and birds, scientists can collect their sounds. After the sounds are recorded, AI can study their meanings. For example, a team of Israeli scientists used AI to get the meanings of bats’ 15,000 calls. They found that more than 60% of calls were fights and disagreements about four things: food, sleep positions, personal space, and unwanted advances. This is surprising as bats are thought to be quiet animals! The new technology can not only understand animal talks, but also communicate back to them. For example, scientists in Germany studied how bees used sounds and dances to speak. Then they put the bee language system into a robot bee, and hid it in a bee hive where bees live. The robot gave orders to the other bees, like “quiet down” or “stop”, and they would follow. Why is it important to understand animals’ words? It is the first step to give other kinds of creatures on Earth a chance to express themselves. The natural world is full of conversations. But we are only able to understand one of them. By using AI, we are better able to listen to them, especially those in faraway places like deep seas and mountain tops. Though AI has proved itself to be useful, we have to think about the problems it may bring. What problems would there be if one day we could use animal robots to “talk” to real animals? Will humans use the technology to control or hurt the animals? What can we do to stop these? We’d better think about these problems before we act. 46．How can AI and machine learning help people understand animals? ①By teaching human language to animals. ②By picking up sounds humans cannot hear. ③By working out the meaning of animals’ sounds. ④By teaching animals to understand robots’ words. ⑤By learning animal languages to talk with them. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③⑤ D．③④⑤ 47．What does the underlined word “This” refer to in paragraph 3? A．The group of Israeli scientists. B．The study on bats’ disagreements. C．The number of bats’ calls. D．The finding on bats’ calls. 48．Why is it meaningful to understand animals’ languages? A．It makes it possible for animals to be heard. B．It proves human’s ability to understand and control animals. C．It helps discover more animals in the faraway places. D．It allows humans to listen to animals more clearly. 49．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Bats are very quiet animals and hardly have disagreements. B．Scientists can only collect animal sounds on trees and mountaintops. C．The robot bee could give orders and real-bees followed them. D．We have already solved all the problems that AI may bring to animals. 50．What does the writer think of the technology? A．He is surprised at it. B．He is afraid of it. C．He is careful about it. D．He is satisfied with it. （11） In today’s busy family life, many parents have trouble talking with their growing children. Once chatty kids may now answer “fine” or “okay” when asked about their day—for example, they might hide in their rooms after school and refuse to share more about school life. This creates a quiet distance between parents and kids. There are two main reasons for this distance. First, as kids enter adolescence (青春期), they want to be independent and often prefer sharing their thoughts with friends over parents. Second, some parents use commanding words like “Do as I say” or only care about grades, never asking if their kids are happy. This makes kids feel unheard. Experts suggest easy ways to fix this. Try 15 minutes of “device-free time” daily—like walking together while chatting about school life or reading a short book. Instead of saying “You never listen!”, say “I worry when we can’t talk calmly.” Also, have regular (定期的) family chats about small things, such as weekend plans or favorite dinners, to make kids feel valued. Good parent-child connections need effort from both sides. With patience, these small steps can turn silence into warm conversations, making family life nicer. 51．Why do parents find it difficult to talk with their growing children? A．Because children don’t like their parents anymore. B．Because children don’t want to share their lives. C．Because parents and children live far away from each other. D．Because parents are too busy to care about their children’s school life. 52．What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Why kids like talking to friends. B．How parents can get good grades. C．What independent kids usually do. D．Why there’s distance between parents and kids. 53．What does the underlined phrase “fix this” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Buy new electronic devices. B．Help kids finish homework. C．Make more friends for kids.D．End the distance between parents and kids. 54．Which is a suggested way to improve communication? A．Having daily device-free time. B．Using commanding language. C．Only asking about grades. D．Planning weekends alone. 55．How is the passage organized? A．Story → Rule → Fact. B．Example → Advice → Result. C．Problem → Reasons → Solutions. D．Questions → Answers → Warning. （12） Kevin was a shy teenager who had trouble making friends. He felt lonely most of the time and often sat alone during lunch. Although he wanted to connect with others, he didn’t know how to start a conversation. One day, a new student named Leo joined Kevin’s class. During lunch, Leo sat down next to Kevin and said, “Hi, I’m Leo. Is this seat taken?” Kevin shook his head nervously. “My name is Kevin,” he said quietly. The next day, Leo invited Kevin to play basketball with him and some other classmates. Kevin was surprised but agreed. At first, he was clumsy and missed most of his shots. But Leo encouraged him and said, “Don’t worry. Practice makes perfect.” Weeks passed, and Kevin grew more confident. He started to talk more and even made a few new friends. He realized that a small act of kindness could change everything. “I’m thankful that Leo sat next to me that day,” Kevin said. “He didn’t do anything big, but his simple ‘hi’ made a huge difference. It reminded me that everyone wants to be seen and accepted.” Sometimes, the smallest act of kindness can have the greatest impact. You never know how a simple greeting or a smile might change someone’s life. 56．How did Kevin feel most of the time before Leo came? A．Happy. B．Lonely. C．Angry. D．Excited. 57．What did Leo do to make Kevin feel welcomed? A．He gave Kevin a gift. B．He helped Kevin with homework. C．He sat next to Kevin and invited him to play. D．He asked the teacher to help Kevin. 58．What does the underlined phrase “Practice makes perfect” mean in Chinese? A．熟能生巧 B．精益求精 C．半途而废 D．全力以赴 59．What change happened to Kevin after Leo came? A．He became more confident. B．He stopped going to school. C．He argued with his friends. D．He spent all his time alone. 60．What is the main message of the story? A．Big actions are more important than small ones. B．Everyone should learn to play basketball. C．A small act of kindness can make a big difference. D．Making friends is impossible for shy people. （13） People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier. 61．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 1? A．Humans may not like animals. B．Scientists know nothing about it. C．Nobody knows why this happens. D．A new study adds chickens to the list. 62．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken? A．B．C．D． 63．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 64．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 65．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chickens’ Food Calls B．Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens C．Farmers’ Best Choice D．Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers （14） A lot of people take up dancing as a hobby after work. In fact, dancing has been seen as one of the best exercises to fight bad feelings in recent years. Why is dancing so helpful? Dancing, moving the body to different kinds of music, helps the body produce more endorphin (内啡肽), a chemical (化学物质) that makes people feel relaxed and happy. While simply listening to music or doing sports can cheer us up, mixing them together has a stronger effect. In a study, German scientists tested some patients under three conditions: dancing to music, only listening to music, and riding bikes without music. The results showed that the dancing group felt the least sad. This tells us that dancing is more than just moving around—it truly lifts our spirits. Dancing can also bring people closer. Social dances like tango and Latin need us to move with others, which improves our sense of social connection according to IBSA, a Swiss scientific organization. Through eye contact, people feel more trust and closeness. ▲ Studies show that depression (抑郁症) often has to do with sadness about the past or worries about the future. Dancing helps people focus on the present, connect with their bodies, and free their minds for a while, as reported by Psych Central, a mental health news website. When we dance, we stop overthinking and start feeling. This makes it an excellent way to enjoy the present moment without even trying. Lauren Helper, an American social worker, says dancing is a helpful way to reduce stress. It can be any form—whether it’s moving alone around the house to a song or going out dancing with friends. “The most important thing is that the movement is fun. You don’t need to be a perfect dancer. Just turn on some music, move your body, and enjoy the moment. That’s the real magic of dance.” she told Psych Central. 66．What can help you the most when you are sad according to the study? A．Attending a concert. B．Talking to a friend. C．Dancing to music. D．Riding a bike. 67．Why do people take up dancing after work? A．To kill time. B．To learn new skills. C．To make more friends. D．To fight against bad feelings. 68．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ” in the fifth paragraph? A．But dancing is not only good for our body. B．Dancing can also help people forget their problems. C．Dancing also helps people let go of bad feelings. D．But dancing is not the only way to feel better. 69．What is the correct structure of the passage? A．B．C．D． 70．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A New Way to Do Sports B．The Best Hobby for Workers C．How to Dance Correctly D．Why Dancing Helps with Feelings （15） We often think humans are special because only people can show many feelings. . Bumblebees (大黄蜂) can feel happiness and even spread it to other bees. In a study in Science, a team of researchers found that good feelings could spread among animals with small brains. They gave one bee some sugar water. This made the bee feel happy and changed how it acted. It became braver and more willing to stop on one flower and then on different flowers. It also did this more quickly than before. Other bees near it also began acting more happily and bravely, even though they didn’t get any sugar water. To make sure that the bees weren’t just following each other, researchers used some objects to see how bees communicated to share their feelings. In this way, only some senses could function, while others did not work. They found that bees could spread happiness just by seeing each other. They didn’t need to touch or smell to catch the good feelings. This is called feeling connection. It means feelings can spread among bees. One bee can understand and feel what another bee is feeling. Scientists used to think only animals with bigger brains could do this. It is suggested that sharing feelings is a key part of social life itself. Therefore, when you see a bee flying in the garden, it might be spreading more than just pollen (花粉) — it could be spreading joy! 71．Which of the following can be put in “______” in Paragraph 1? A．But small animals can’t feel joy. B．But some animals can do this too. C．But other animals feel no love. D．But bees never show the true care. 72．What is the right order of how bees spread happiness in the study?    A．③④②① B．②①③④ C．①③②④ D．②①④③ 73．What does the underlined word “function” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Work B．Fail C．Stop D．Hurt 74．What do we know about the feeling connection? A．Feelings are able to spread among bees. B．Animals only share pollen with each other. C．Bumblebees love sweet sugar water. D．Bees can find more flowers in a short time. 75．What is the best title of the passage? A．Why bumblebees look for food outside. B．Why sweet water changes bees’ moods. C．How bumblebees share happy feelings. D．How people protect small bees in nature. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $