Unit 8 Making a difference 语法分层练习（英语新教材人教版八年级下册）

**基本信息** 以“规则-转换-对比”三维架构系统突破现在完成时，融合教材原句与方法口诀，构建从基础到难点的递进式训练体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |for/since用法|4组教材原句+4道题|“for+时段/since+时点”规则，How long提问法|从时间状语识别切入，建立完成时时间表达基础| |非延续动词转换|7组动词转换（buy→have等）+7道题|“瞬间动词→延续性动词/状态”对应表|针对核心难点，通过动词分类转换突破使用限制| |时态对比|2类标志词+5道题|“过去时看ago/last，完成时看for/since”口诀|通过标志词对比，明确两种时态的语境差异|

Unit 8 Making a difference语法分层练习 【基础夯实】 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. My brother ______ a new bike since last month. A. has bought B. has had C. bought ( ) 2. —How long has your uncle worked in this factory? —______ 2010. A. For B. Since C. From ( ) 3. The concert ______ for twenty minutes. We missed the first song. A. has begun B. has been on C. began ( ) 4. I ______ my pen at home. May I use yours? A. left B. have left C. was leaving ( ) 5. She ______ a member of the reading club since last term. A.joined B. has joined C. has been ( ) 6. They ______ each other for more than ten years. A. have known B. knew C. know ( ) 7. —______ have you prepared for the exam? —For about a week. A. How soon B. How long C. How often ( ) 8. The Smiths ______ in this neighborhood since they moved to the city. A. lived B. have lived C. live 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 【解析】 1. B。考查buy转换为have。since last month表示时间段，用has had。 2. B。2010是时间点，用Since。 3. B。begin转换为be on。for twenty minutes表示持续时间，用has been on。 4. B。影响性用法。笔忘在家导致现在没笔用，用现在完成时。 5. C。join转换为be a member of。since last term表示从上学期到现在，用has been。 6. A。持续性用法。for more than ten years表示时间段，用现在完成时。 7. B。对时间段提问用How long。 8. B。since they moved引导时间起点，主句用现在完成时。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I __________ (buy) this dress last month. I __________ (have) it for one month. 2. He __________ (be) away from his office since nine o'clock. 3. How long __________ you __________ (keep) the storybook? 4. The old man __________ (die) for three years. His wife misses him very much. 5. So far, we __________ (finish) only half of the project. 【答案】1. bought; have had； 2. has been； 3. have; kept； 4. has been dead ；5. have finished 三、句型转换 1.They have lived in this town for twenty years. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ have they lived in this town? 2. My sister bought the toy bear two days ago. (用现在完成时改写) My sister __________ __________ the toy bear for two days. 3. The meeting started half an hour ago. (用现在完成时改写) The meeting __________ __________ __________ for half an hour. 4. He has been a doctor since 2015. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ has he been a doctor? 5. She joined the swimming team last year. (用现在完成时改写) She __________ __________ in the swimming team since last year. 【答案】1. How long ;2 . has had; 3. has been on;4. How long; 5. has been 四、完成句子 1. 我认识李老师已经三年了。 I __________ __________ Mr. Li for three years. 2. 这部电影已经上映半小时了。 The movie __________ __________ __________ for half an hour. 3. 你加入这个俱乐部多久了？ How long __________ you __________ a member of this club? 4. 自从他去了上海，我就没收到他的消息。 I haven't heard from him __________ he __________ to Shanghai. 5. 这本书我能借多久？ How long can I __________ this book? 【答案】1. have known ;2. has been on ;3. have; been4. since; went ;5. keep 【能力提升】 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. It ______ ten years since we graduated from middle school. A. was B. has been C. is both A and B ( ) 2. I'm sorry I'm late. How long ______ you ______ for me? A. did; wait B. have; waited C. do; wait ( ) 3. He ______ to the UK twice. He knows a lot about British culture. A. has gone B. has been C. went ( ) 4. The old library ______ down last year. A new one will be built. A. has been pulled B. was pulled C. is pulled ( ) 5. —Where is your father? —He ______ to the bank. He'll be back soon. A. has gone B. has been C. went ( ) 6. They ______ the history museum twice this year. A. have visited B. visited C. visit ( ) 7. —______ has your cousin been in the army? —Since he finished college. A. How long B. How soon C. How often ( ) 8. I ______ the novel yet, so I don't know the ending. A. didn't read B. haven't read C. don't read 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 【解析】 1. C。句型It is/has been + 时间段 + since，两种都正确。 2. B。表示“等了我多久”，强调持续到现在，用现在完成时。 3. B。twice表示去过两次且已回，用has been to。 4. B。last year是过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态。 5. A。人不在现场，去了银行，用has gone to。 6. A。this year表示到目前为止，用现在完成时。 7. A。回答Since...，询问持续时间用How long。 8. B。yet用于现在完成时否定句，haven't read。 二、用适当的介词或副词填空（共5题） for, since, yet, already, ever 1. Have you __________ tried Chinese shadow puppetry? 2. My aunt has lived in Canada __________ 2018. 3. I have __________ finished my presentation. I can hand it in now. 4. He has been away from his desk __________ more than an hour. 5. The letter hasn't arrived __________. Let's wait a little longer. 【答案】1. ever ;2. since ;3. already ;4. for; 5. yet 三、句型转换（共5题） 1. He has had the smartphone for two years. (改为否定句) He __________ __________ the smartphone for two years. 2. I have never visited the science museum. (改为肯定句) I __________ __________ the science museum. 3. They started to learn French three years ago. (用现在完成时改写) They __________ __________ French for three years. 4. The plane left ten minutes ago. (用现在完成时改写) The plane __________ __________ __________ for ten minutes. 5. She borrowed the dictionary from the library last Monday. (用现在完成时改写) She __________ __________ the dictionary since last Monday. 【答案】1. hasn't had ;2. have visited; 3. have learned; 4. has been away ;5. has kept 4、 完成句子 1. 自从他戒烟以来，他的健康状况好多了。 His health has improved a lot __________ he __________ smoking. 2. 这个班级已经连续三年获得冠军了。 The class __________ __________ the championship for three years in a row. 3. 你曾经和外国人用英语交谈过吗？ __________ you ever __________ to foreigners in English? 4. 她加入这个志愿团队已经一年半了。 She __________ __________ in the volunteer team for one and a half years. 5. 我刚到车站，火车就开走了。 I __________ just __________ at the station when the train left. 【答案】1. since; quit/stopped ; 2. has won; 3. Have; talked ; 4 . has been ; 5. had; arrived 【拓展挑战】 1、 单项选择 ( ) 1. —Look! The house is on fire. —I ______ the fire department already. A. called B. have called C. call ( ) 2. Mr. White ______ in Beijing since 2012, but he doesn't like the weather here. A. has lived B. lived C. lives ( ) 3. The little girl ______ her mother since she got lost in the mall. A. didn't find B. hasn't found C. wasn't finding ( ) 4. —Have you ever been to Thailand? —No, I ______ there yet. A. have gone B. haven't been C. didn't go ( ) 5. So far, more than 100 volunteers ______ to help in the old people's home. A. came B. have come C. come ( ) 6. —How long may I ______ this USB drive? —For two weeks. A. borrow B. keep C. lend ( ) 7. It's the third time that he ______ late for work this week. A. is B. was C. has been ( ) 8. I ______ my key in the office, so I have to wait for my colleague to come back. A.left B. have left C. had left 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 【解析】 1. B。already提示现在完成时，强调已经报警。 2. A。since 2012表示从2012年到现在，用现在完成时。 3. B。since引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时，表示“自从...一直没找到”。 4. B。yet用于否定句，haven't been there。 5. B。So far（到目前为止）是现在完成时标志。 6. B。How long提问，borrow转换为keep。 7. C。It's the + 序数词 + time + that从句用现在完成时。 8. B。强调对现在的影响（没钥匙进不去），用现在完成时。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Lily and I (1) ______ best friends since we were five. We (2) ______ each other for twelve years. Last month, she (3) ______ to another city with her family. I (4) ______ her ever since. But we (5) ______ every day through video calls. ( ) 1. A. are B. were C. have been ( ) 2. A. knew B. have known C. know ( ) 3. A. moved B. has moved C. moves ( ) 4. A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. don't see ( ) 5. A. talk B. talked C. have talked 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 【解析】 1. C。since we were five表示从五岁到现在，用现在完成时。 2. B。for twelve years表示时间段，用现在完成时。 3. A。last month是过去时间，用一般过去时。 4. B。ever since（从那时起）用现在完成时。 5. A。every day表示频率，用一般现在时。 三、阅读理解 Tom has been a volunteer at the local animal shelter since he was fifteen. He has worked there for three years. Every weekend, he goes to the shelter to walk the dogs and clean the cages. He has helped more than 50 dogs find new homes. Last month, he helped a sick dog get treatment. The dog has recovered completely now. Tom says he has learned a lot about responsibility from this experience. He has never regretted becoming a volunteer. ( ) 1. How long has Tom worked at the animal shelter? A. Since he was fifteen. B. For three years. C. Both A and B. ( ) 2. What does Tom do every weekend? A. He walks the dogs and cleans the cages. B. He treats sick dogs. C. He finds new homes for dogs. ( ) 3. How many dogs has Tom helped find new homes? A. About fifteen. B. More than fifty. C. Three. ( ) 4. What happened to the dog last month? A. It got lost. B. It was sick and got treatment. C. It was adopted. ( ) 5. How does Tom feel about being a volunteer? A. He regrets it. B. He has learned nothing. C. He has never regretted it. 【答案】1. C ;2. A; 3. B; 4 B;5. C 【解析】 1. C。文中提到since he was fifteen和for three years，两种说法都正确。 2. A。细节题：walks the dogs and cleans the cages。 3. B。more than 50 dogs。 4. B。helped a sick dog get treatment。 5. C。has never regretted。 四、完成句子 1. 自从他开始学英语，他就养成了每天晨读的习惯。 He has developed the habit of reading every morning __________ he __________ to learn English. 2. 这个村庄已经好几个月没有下雨了。 It __________ __________ for several months in this village. 3. 他们结婚到现在一直很幸福。 They __________ __________ happy ever since they got married. 4. 你曾经独自旅行过吗？ __________ you ever __________ alone? 5. 这本书我已经读了三次了，每次都有新收获。 I __________ __________ this book three times. I gain something new each time. 【答案】1. since; began/started;2. hasn't rained ;3. have been ;4. Have; traveled ;5. have read ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Making a difference语法分层练习 【基础夯实】 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. My brother ______ a new bike since last month. A. has bought B. has had C. bought ( ) 2. —How long has your uncle worked in this factory? —______ 2010. A. For B. Since C. From ( ) 3. The concert ______ for twenty minutes. We missed the first song. A. has begun B. has been on C. began ( ) 4. I ______ my pen at home. May I use yours? A. left B. have left C. was leaving ( ) 5. She ______ a member of the reading club since last term. A.joined B. has joined C. has been ( ) 6. They ______ each other for more than ten years. A. have known B. knew C. know ( ) 7. —______ have you prepared for the exam? —For about a week. A. How soon B. How long C. How often ( ) 8. The Smiths ______ in this neighborhood since they moved to the city. A. lived B. have lived C. live 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I __________ (buy) this dress last month. I __________ (have) it for one month. 2. He __________ (be) away from his office since nine o'clock. 3. How long __________ you __________ (keep) the storybook? 4. The old man __________ (die) for three years. His wife misses him very much. 5. So far, we __________ (finish) only half of the project. 三、句型转换 1.They have lived in this town for twenty years. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ have they lived in this town? 2. My sister bought the toy bear two days ago. (用现在完成时改写) My sister __________ __________ the toy bear for two days. 3. The meeting started half an hour ago. (用现在完成时改写) The meeting __________ __________ __________ for half an hour. 4. He has been a doctor since 2015. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ has he been a doctor? 5. She joined the swimming team last year. (用现在完成时改写) She __________ __________ in the swimming team since last year. 四、完成句子 1. 我认识李老师已经三年了。 I __________ __________ Mr. Li for three years. 2. 这部电影已经上映半小时了。 The movie __________ __________ __________ for half an hour. 3. 你加入这个俱乐部多久了？ How long __________ you __________ a member of this club? 4. 自从他去了上海，我就没收到他的消息。 I haven't heard from him __________ he __________ to Shanghai. 5. 这本书我能借多久？ How long can I __________ this book? 【能力提升】 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. It ______ ten years since we graduated from middle school. A. was B. has been C. is both A and B ( ) 2. I'm sorry I'm late. How long ______ you ______ for me? A. did; wait B. have; waited C. do; wait ( ) 3. He ______ to the UK twice. He knows a lot about British culture. A. has gone B. has been C. went ( ) 4. The old library ______ down last year. A new one will be built. A. has been pulled B. was pulled C. is pulled ( ) 5. —Where is your father? —He ______ to the bank. He'll be back soon. A. has gone B. has been C. went ( ) 6. They ______ the history museum twice this year. A. have visited B. visited C. visit ( ) 7. —______ has your cousin been in the army? —Since he finished college. A. How long B. How soon C. How often ( ) 8. I ______ the novel yet, so I don't know the ending. A. didn't read B. haven't read C. don't read 二、用适当的介词或副词填空（共5题） for, since, yet, already, ever 1. Have you __________ tried Chinese shadow puppetry? 2. My aunt has lived in Canada __________ 2018. 3. I have __________ finished my presentation. I can hand it in now. 4. He has been away from his desk __________ more than an hour. 5. The letter hasn't arrived __________. Let's wait a little longer. 三、句型转换（共5题） 1. He has had the smartphone for two years. (改为否定句) He __________ __________ the smartphone for two years. 2. I have never visited the science museum. (改为肯定句) I __________ __________ the science museum. 3. They started to learn French three years ago. (用现在完成时改写) They __________ __________ French for three years. 4. The plane left ten minutes ago. (用现在完成时改写) The plane __________ __________ __________ for ten minutes. 5. She borrowed the dictionary from the library last Monday. (用现在完成时改写) She __________ __________ the dictionary since last Monday. 4、 完成句子 1. 自从他戒烟以来，他的健康状况好多了。 His health has improved a lot __________ he __________ smoking. 2. 这个班级已经连续三年获得冠军了。 The class __________ __________ the championship for three years in a row. 3. 你曾经和外国人用英语交谈过吗？ __________ you ever __________ to foreigners in English? 4. 她加入这个志愿团队已经一年半了。 She __________ __________ in the volunteer team for one and a half years. 5. 我刚到车站，火车就开走了。 I __________ just __________ at the station when the train left. 【拓展挑战】 1、 单项选择 ( ) 1. —Look! The house is on fire. —I ______ the fire department already. A. called B. have called C. call ( ) 2. Mr. White ______ in Beijing since 2012, but he doesn't like the weather here. A. has lived B. lived C. lives ( ) 3. The little girl ______ her mother since she got lost in the mall. A. didn't find B. hasn't found C. wasn't finding ( ) 4. —Have you ever been to Thailand? —No, I ______ there yet. A. have gone B. haven't been C. didn't go ( ) 5. So far, more than 100 volunteers ______ to help in the old people's home. A. came B. have come C. come ( ) 6. —How long may I ______ this USB drive? —For two weeks. A. borrow B. keep C. lend ( ) 7. It's the third time that he ______ late for work this week. A. is B. was C. has been ( ) 8. I ______ my key in the office, so I have to wait for my colleague to come back. A.left B. have left C. had left 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Lily and I (1) ______ best friends since we were five. We (2) ______ each other for twelve years. Last month, she (3) ______ to another city with her family. I (4) ______ her ever since. But we (5) ______ every day through video calls. ( ) 1. A. are B. were C. have been ( ) 2. A. knew B. have known C. know ( ) 3. A. moved B. has moved C. moves ( ) 4. A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. don't see ( ) 5. A. talk B. talked C. have talked 三、阅读理解 Tom has been a volunteer at the local animal shelter since he was fifteen. He has worked there for three years. Every weekend, he goes to the shelter to walk the dogs and clean the cages. He has helped more than 50 dogs find new homes. Last month, he helped a sick dog get treatment. The dog has recovered completely now. Tom says he has learned a lot about responsibility from this experience. He has never regretted becoming a volunteer. ( ) 1. How long has Tom worked at the animal shelter? A. Since he was fifteen. B. For three years. C. Both A and B. ( ) 2. What does Tom do every weekend? A. He walks the dogs and cleans the cages. B. He treats sick dogs. C. He finds new homes for dogs. ( ) 3. How many dogs has Tom helped find new homes? A. About fifteen. B. More than fifty. C. Three. ( ) 4. What happened to the dog last month? A. It got lost. B. It was sick and got treatment. C. It was adopted. ( ) 5. How does Tom feel about being a volunteer? A. He regrets it. B. He has learned nothing. C. He has never regretted it. 四、完成句子 1. 自从他开始学英语，他就养成了每天晨读的习惯。 He has developed the habit of reading every morning __________ he __________ to learn English. 2. 这个村庄已经好几个月没有下雨了。 It __________ __________ for several months in this village. 3. 他们结婚到现在一直很幸福。 They __________ __________ happy ever since they got married. 4. 你曾经独自旅行过吗？ __________ you ever __________ alone? 5. 这本书我已经读了三次了，每次都有新收获。 I __________ __________ this book three times. I gain something new each time. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $