Unit 4 The wonders of nature. Section B（1a-1e）导学案 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语导学案围绕Unit 4 "The wonders of nature" Section B（1a-1e）展开，核心知识点包括登山主题核心词汇（如explore、condition等）与短语，运用扫读策略定位关键信息，读懂珠峰主题文章并完成段落匹配、正误判断及口语讨论。课堂导入通过小组讨论珠峰已知信息、观看登山短视频，连接课前词汇与背景知识预习，搭建学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力（扫读策略运用、词汇语境学习）、文化意识（中国登山队历史与精神传承）、思维品质（信息归纳与批判性思辨）。采用读前热身、读中分层探究（扫读定位、段落匹配、正误判断）、读后深度讨论的任务链，习题设计注重信息提取与逻辑推理，提升自主阅读与合作学习能力，培养坚韧不拔的品质。

Unit 4 The wonders of nature. Section B（1a-1e）导学案 学习目标 1. 语言能力 掌握登山主题核心词汇与短语：explore, condition, challenge, risk, achieve, determined, in the face of, even though, give up。 运用扫读（scanning）策略快速定位数字、年份、地点等关键信息，读懂珠穆朗玛峰主题文章。 能完成段落大意匹配、正误判断任务，并围绕“人类为何挑战自然”进行口语讨论。 1. 文化意识 了解珠穆朗玛峰的地理特征与中国登山队的攀登历史，感受中国登山精神的传承与家国情怀。 体会人类探索自然、挑战自我的精神，培养坚韧不拔、勇于挑战的品质。 1. 思维品质 通过略读、精读、段落匹配、正误判断，培养信息提取、归纳、推理的逻辑性思维。 通过讨论“登山的意义”，锻炼批判性思维与深度思辨能力。 1. 学习能力 掌握扫读阅读策略，提升自主阅读与信息处理能力。 乐于参与小组讨论与合作探究，提升合作学习与口语表达能力。 学习重难点 重点：运用扫读策略快速定位文章关键信息；理解文章主旨，完成段落匹配与正误判断。 难点：理解文章长难句（如 People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it.）；深度探讨人类挑战自然的意义。 课前预习 1. 词汇预习（英汉互译） 1. explore ____________ 2. condition ____________ 3. challenge ____________ 4. risk ____________ 5. achieve ____________ 6. determined ____________ 7. 面对 ____________ 8. 放弃 ____________ 9. 即使 ____________ 10. 为……自豪 ____________ 2. 背景知识预习 珠穆朗玛峰的海拔高度：____________ 中国登山队首次登顶珠穆朗玛峰的年份：____________ 课堂探究学习 Task 1 读前热身（1a） 1. 小组讨论：What do you know about Mount Qomolangma? 请写下你知道的信息： 2. 观看珠穆朗玛峰登山短视频，说说你的感受： Task 2 读中探究1：扫读定位（1b） 快速扫描文章，找到以下信息并填写： 1. The way up the northern side of the mountain is called “____________” by climbers. 2. The distance between the Second Step and sea level is ____________ metres. 3. The year when the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma is ____________. 4. The height of Qomolangma measured in 2020 is ____________ metres. Task 3 读中探究2：精读段落匹配（1c） 再次阅读文章，将段落与主旨大意匹配： Paragraph(s) Main idea Paragraphs 1 and 2 ______ A. Achievements of Chinese teams Paragraphs 3 and 4 ______ B. Reasons for climbing Qomolangma Paragraph 5 ______ C. Difficulties and dangers Task 4 读中探究3：精读正误判断（1d） 阅读文章，判断句子正误（T/F），并改正错误句子： 1. A few climbers reached the top of Qomolangma from the northern side before 1960. (______) 2. In 1960, Liu Lianman’s teammates used a ladder to get past the Second Step. (______) 3. The Chinese team brought a national flag to the top of Qomolangma in 1960. (______) 4. The “Chinese Ladder” was placed at 8,600 metres above sea level. (______) 5. Climbers first started to use the “Chinese Ladder” in 2007. (______) Task 5 读后思辨（1e） 小组讨论以下问题，写下你的观点： 1. How do you think the Chinese climbers felt when they placed the national flag on top of Qomolangma? 2. What do you think George Mallory meant by “because it’s there”? 3. What qualities do you think a good mountain climber needs to have? 课堂检测 1. 单项选择 (1) Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders in the world, but only the best climbers ______ reach the top. A. can B. could C. are able to (2) The climbers must deal with thin air, high cliffs and ______ weather. A. changeable B. change C. changed (3) People risk their lives ______ the highest mountain in the world. A. climb B. to climb C. climbing 2. 句子翻译 1. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰之一。 2. 即使面临困难，登山者们也决心完成攀登。 课后作业 1. 背诵本课核心词汇与短语，抄写重点句子2遍。 2. 用5-8句话概括文章主要内容，包含中国登山队的成就与登山的挑战。 3. 拓展任务：查找一位中国登山英雄的故事，下节课分享。 参考答案 课前预习 1. 词汇： 1. 探索；2. 条件；3. 挑战；4. 冒险；5. 实现； 6. 坚定的；7. in the face of；8. give up；9. even though；10. be proud of 2. 背景知识：8848.86米；1960年 Task 2 1b 1. Death Road；2. 8,000；3. 1960；4. 8,848.86 Task 3 1c Paragraphs 1 and 2 → C；Paragraphs 3 and 4 → A；Paragraph 5 → B Task 4 1d 1. F → No one reached the top of Qomolangma from the northern side before 1960. 2. F → In 1960, Liu Lianman’s teammates stepped on his shoulders to get past the Second Step. 3. T 4. F → The “Chinese Ladder” was placed at 8,000 metres above sea level. 5. F → Climbers first started to use the “Chinese Ladder” in 1975. 课堂检测 1. 单项选择：(1)C (2)A (3)B 2. 句子翻译： a. Mount Qomolangma is one of the highest mountains in the world. b. Even though they face difficulties, the climbers are determined to make the climb. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $