内容正文:
Unit 8 Reading signs
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
1. 问路交际用语 2. there be 疑问句
3. 标识 4.一般过去时
5. 一般过去时用于讲述过去发生的故事
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
高频易错点01
(1) Excuse me. Where’s the underground station?
(2) I just came from Shanghai.(P48)
问路交际用语 + 一般过去时 + 地点介词用法
基础用法
1.问路场景交际句式Excuse me. 是礼貌开启问路、求助的常用开场白;Where's...? 用来询问场所位置。
2.一般过去时came from 表示 “从…… 过来”,come 的过去式是 came,just体现动作刚刚发生,要用过去式。
3.地点介词搭配come from + 城市名 表示 “来自某地 / 从某地过来”;over there 固定短语,意为 “在那边”。
4.限定词用法that sign 特指远处那块标识;the sign for... 用 for 说明标识对应的场所(地铁站标识)。
易错点提示
1.不规则动词过去式易错come 的过去式是came,不是 comed,看到 just 表刚发生的过去动作,要改用过去式。
2.from 介词漏用表达 “从某地来” 必须用 come from + 地点,不能直接写 come Shanghai。
3.指示代词区分that 用于指代距离较远的单数事物(远处的牌子),近处用 this,问路场景远处事物多用 that。
4.the 和 for 的搭配the sign for the underground station 表 “地铁站的标识”,for 用来标明标识对应的用途 / 归属,不要换成 of 随意混用。
5.交际用语细节问路开头要用 Excuse me 礼貌铺垫,不能直接生硬提问。
小练笔
一、单项选择
( ) 1. ______, can you tell me the way to the bus stop?
A. Sorry B. Excuse me C. Thank you
( )2. He ______ Beijing yesterday.
A. come from B. comes from C. came from
( )3. Look! The shop is ______.
A. over there B. over here C. on there
( )4. Can you see ______ board on the wall?
A. This B. that C. those
( )5. The sign ______ the zoo is yellow.
A. for B. of C. at
二、用所给词适当形式填空
1.I just ______ (come) from Guangzhou.
2.______ (excuse) me, where is the library?
3.The sign ______ the hospital is blue.
4.They ______ (come) from Wuhan last week.
点拨
一、单项选择
1.B
解析:向陌生人问路礼貌开场用 Excuse me。
2. C
解析:yesterday 是过去时间标志,come 变过去式 came。
3. A
解析:over there 是固定搭配,意为 “在那边”。
4. B
解析:board 是单数名词,远处的牌子用 that 指代。
5. A
解析:the sign for... 表示对应场所的标识,用 for。
二、填空
1.came
解析:just 表示刚完成的过去动作,用 come 的过去式 came。
2. Excuse
解析:固定礼貌用语 Excuse me,句首首字母大写。
3. for
解析:表示医院对应的标识,用介词 for。
4. came
解析:last week 为过去时间,come 变为 came。
高频易错点02
Are there any special signs in your country?(P48)
there be 疑问句+ some/any 用法 + 情态动词 must + 固定短语 look out for
基础用法
1.there be 一般疑问句Are there any...? 用来询问 “某处是否存在某物”,复数名词搭配 are,疑问句里用any修饰名词。
2.some 和 any 的区别疑问句、否定句常用 any;肯定句表达 “一些” 常用 some,所以答句用some animal signs。
3.情态动词 must意思是 “必须”,后面要接动词原形,表强制性的提醒、规定。
固定短语look out for 意为 “留意、提防、当心”,这里指要留意路上出没的动物。
易错点提示
1. some/any 混用:问句错用 some、答句肯定句错用 any,要记住疑问 / 否定用 any,肯定陈述多用 some。
2.there be 主谓一致:后面是复数 signs,be 动词要用 are,不能用 is。
3.must 后接动词变形:must 后面只能跟动词原形,不能加 to 或者改成 looking。
4.短语搭配错误:look out 后接对象必须加介词 for,不能直接写 look out them。
小练笔
一、单项选择
( ) 1. ______ there ______ flowers in the park?
A. Is; any B. Are; any C. Are; some
( )2. I have ______ interesting books in my bag.
A. some B. any C. a
( )3. You ______ wear a seat belt when driving.
A. must to B. must C. must wearing
( )4. Drivers should look out ______ kids crossing the street.
A. to B. for C. at
二、按要求填空
1.We must ______ (be) careful with wild animals.
2.There aren't ______ (some) birds in this area.
点拨
一、单项选择
1.B
flowers 是复数,be 动词用 are;疑问句用 any。
2.A
肯定句表示 “一些” 用 some。
3.B
情态 must 后直接加动词原形。
4.B
固定搭配 look out for 表示留意、提防。
二、填空
1. be
must 后接动词原形 be。
2.any
否定句中 some 要改为 any。
高频易错点03
(P49)
1.Look out for children.
翻译:注意儿童。用法:look out for 固定搭配,意为 “留意、当心”,这类三角标志用来提醒前方可能有孩童出没。
2. Look out for animals.
3. 翻译:注意野生动物。用法:提醒路段可能会有动物穿行,需要减速留意。
3.No smoking.
翻译:禁止吸烟。用法:No + 动名词 是公共场所最常用的禁令格式,表示严禁做某事。
4.No swimming.
翻译:禁止游泳。用法:水域旁常见警示,不允许在此处下水游泳。
5.Keep quiet.
翻译:保持安静。用法:图书馆、医院等场所常用,要求保持静谧。
6.Don’t walk on the grass.
翻译:请勿践踏草坪。用法:祈使句否定形式,禁止在草坪上行走。
易错点提示1
1.警告类(黄三角)多用 Look out for + 名词(当心……),用来提前预警潜在危险。
2.禁止类(红圈斜杠)
3.强禁令:No + doing(No smoking / No swimming)
4.指令禁令:Don't + 动词原形(Don't walk...)
5.行为要求:动词原形短语(Keep quiet)
小练笔
1、 单项选择
( ) 1.The sign "______" means you can't smoke here.
A. Keep quiet B. No smoking C. Look out for children
( ) 2. We ______ look out for deer on this road.
A. must B. must to C. must going
点拨
1、
1. B
2. A(must 后接动词原形)
高频易错点04
(1) Jack and Jane lived by the forest.
(2) Their father often said to them, “Never go into the forest.
(3) You may get lost.”One day, Jack said to Jane,“Let's go into the forest and have a look.”(P50)
1.时态lived/said都是一般过去时,讲述过去发生的故事;often said表示过去经常反复发生的叮嘱。
关键短语
by the forest:在森林旁边(by 此处表示 “在…… 附近、挨着”)
get lost:迷路(固定搭配)
Let's do sth.:让我们做某事(提建议,后接动词原形)
go into the forest:进入森林深处
have a look:看一看
易错点提示
1. 情态动词 may
You may get lost里的 may 表示可能性,意思是 “可能、也许”,用来提醒潜在的危险。
2. 祈使句否定
Never go into... = Don't ever go into...,语气比普通的 Don't 更强烈,意为 “绝不、千万不要”。
小练笔
1、 同义改写:
Never swim in the river.→ ______ ______ swim in the river.
2、 填空
Let's ______ (visit) the zoo this weekend.
点拨
一、Don't ever
二、visit
高频易错点05
Jane looked around. She could not find her way.(P50)
一般过去时用于讲述过去发生的故事,动词要使用过去式形式。
易错点提示
1.一般过去时用来描述过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,在叙事类短文(如 Jack 和 Jane 进森林迷路的故事)中通篇常用,核心易错点如下:
2.规则动词过去式:多数直接加 - ed,如look → looked;
不规则动词过去式无固定规则,需要特殊记忆:can → could、find → found、say → said、drop → dropped;
3.情态动词过去式搭配:could是can的过去式,后面仍要接动词原形,不能变形;
4.叙事类文本前后时态要统一,前文用过去式铺垫场景,后续对话外的叙述也要保持一般过去时,不能随意混用一般现在时。
小练笔
1、 单项选择
( )1. He ______ around and saw a big tree yesterday.
A. look B. looked C. looks
( )2. She ______ not find her way in the forest last week.
A. can B. could C. can't
( )3. Jack ______ stones on the road on his way into the forest.
A. drop B. drops C. dropped
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Jane ______ (say) they were lost.
2.Jack ______ (can) follow the stones back home.
3.They ______ (live) by the forest many years ago.
4.Father often ______ (tell) them not to go into the forest before.
点拨
一、单项选择
1.B
解析:yesterday 是过去时间标志,look 要用过去式 looked。
2.B
解析:last week 为过去时间,can 要变为过去式 could。
3. C
解析:故事叙述过去发生的动作,drop 的过去式是 dropped。
二、动词填空
1.said
解析:整体为过去场景叙事,say 的过去式是 said。
2.could
解析:故事发生在过去,can 的过去式为 could,后接动词原形 follow。
3.lived
解析:many years ago 表示过去时间,live 变过去式 lived。
4.told
解析:before 体现过去的过往叮嘱,tell 的过去式是 told。
综合训练
一、单项选择
1.I’m new here. I just ____ the UK. ( )
A.come to B.came from C.come from
2.The children are crossing the street. We must ____ them. ( )
A.look for B.look out for C.look around
3.We must ______ for animals. ( )
A.look at B.look out C.look up
4.Look at the sign beside the road. We must ______ animals. ( )
A.look out for B.be afraid of C.play with
5.I often give my seat _______old people.( )
A.of B.to C.in
二、填空题
1.We mustn’t (walk) on the grass in the park in spring
2.The sign means we shouldn’t (smoke) here.
3.The bee (be) not happy yesterday.
4.What does your pen (look) like?
5.She (have) a pencil box in her schoolbag.
三、句型转换
1. You can’t throw the rubbish. (另写一句,但意思不变)
_________________________________________________________
2. There are some signs in the garden. (改成否定句)
_________________________________________________________
3. We talked about signs today. (对划线部分提问)
_________________________________________________________
4. I would like to see a film with you. (另写一句,但意思不变)
_________________________________________________________
5. There was a lot of trees in the past. (用in the future代替划线部分)
_________________________________________________________
6. Yes, you must follow me. (写出问句)
_________________________________________________________
7. the, use, too, the, animals, sometimes, roads, (.) (连词成句)
_________________________________________________________
四、根据短文内容,从方框中选择恰当的单词填入空白处。
shouldn’t signs smoking useful slowly
There are many 1 in our lives. Some of them tell us what we should do. We can see the sign “SLOW” in the street. It tells people to go across the street 2 . Some tell us what we 3 do. We can see “No 4 ” in public places. It tells people not to smoke. They are all very 5 .
五、Read and choose.读一读,选择适当的句子完成对话。
A.So how should I do? B.And you can draw a direction.
C.Many parents will come to our school. D.Then put them on the wall.
E. I’m making some signs. F. There are ten.
Tom: Hi, Mr. Lee, what are you doing?
Mr. Lee: Hi, Tom. 1.
Tom: Making signs? Why are you doing that?
Mr. Lee: Next Monday is the School Open Day 2.
Tom: So the signs can help them, right?
Mr. Lee: You’re so clever. Do you want to join me?
Tom: That’s great. 3.
Mr. Lee: These are the cards. We should write these signs on these cards. 4.
Tom: OK. How many are there all together?
Mr. Lee: 5. But five are finished (完成的).
Tom: I see. I can make this one. Let me write “Toilet, this way!” on the card.
Mr. Lee: 6.
Tom: So the parents can follow the direction (方向).
Mr. Lee: You’re a smart boy!
Tom: Thank you, Mr. Lee.
六、阅读短文,选择正确的答案。
There are six friends in the Green Woods. They are happy. The bird is a singer. She sings songs in the tree. The dog is an artist. He draws pictures on the ground. Look at the monkey. He is so funny. He makes the animals happy. What does he do? He’s an actor. The street is so clean. Who is the cleaner? The bear is sweeping the fallen leaves. The parrot(鹦鹉)is a reporter. She reports news every day. What does the black cat do? Look! He is patrolling(巡逻)with his handgun(手枪) by his motor cycle. He’s a policeman.
1.How many friends are there in the Green Woods?( )
A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven.
2.Is the bird a singer? ( )
A.Yes, she is. B.No, she is. C.No, she isn’t.
3.What does the dog do? ( )
A.He is an artist. B.He is an actor. C.He is a singer.
4.Who is the cleaner? ( )
A.The dog. B.The bird. C.The bear.
5.Does the parrot report news every day? ( )
A.Yes, she does. B.No, she does. C.No, she doesn’t.
参考答案
一、1.B
【详解】句意:我是新来的。我刚从英国来。本题考查一般过去时的用法。句中“just”表示动作刚完成,需用过去式。选项B“came from”为过去式,符合时态要求,表示“来自”。故选B。
2.B
【详解】句意:孩子们正在过马路。我们必须注意他们。本题考查动词短语辨析。look for(寻找)强调主动寻找某物;look out for(留心,注意)表示关注以确保安全;look around(环顾四周)通常不带宾语。根据语境,孩子们过马路时需要被特别关注以保证安全,且空格后需接宾语them,故选B。
3.B
【详解】句意:我们必须小心动物。本题考查动词短语。A看着,B小心,C查阅。look out for animals小心动物,符合句意,故选B。
4.A
【详解】句意:看路边的标志。我们必须注意动物。本题考查动词短语。A注意,B害怕,C和……一起玩,选项A符合题意,故选A。
5.B
【详解】I often give my seat to old people. 我常常给老人让座。give to固定用法,意思是“把……给……”
二、1.walk
【详解】句意:我们春天不能在公园里践踏草地。本题考查动词的形式。情态动词must后跟动词原形,故答案为walk。
2.smoke
【详解】句意:这个标志意思是我们不应该在这里吸烟。本题考查动词的形式,should情态动词后跟动词原形,smoke吸烟,故答案为smoke。
3.was
【详解】句意:蜜蜂昨天不高兴。由yesterday可知,句子是一般过去时,主语the bee是第三人称单数,be动词用was,故答案为was。
4.look
【详解】句意:你的钢笔是什么样子的?句子是特殊疑问句,有助动词do,实义动词用原形,该空用动词look的原形look,故答案为look。
5.has
【详解】句意:她的书包里有一个铅笔盒。she是第三人称单数,动词have用其三单形式has,故答案为has。
三、1. Don’t throw the rubbish. 2. There aren’t any signs in the garden. 3. What did you talk about today? 4. I want to see a film with you. 5. There will be a lot of trees in the future. 6. Must I follow you? 7. Sometimes the animals use the roads too.
四、1.signs 2.slowly 3.shouldn’t 4.smoking 5.useful
【导语】本文讲了标志。
【详解】1.句意:在我们的生活中有很多标志。signs标志,符合句意,故答案为signs。
2.句意:它告诉人们慢慢过马路。结合短文语境,slowly缓慢地,符合句意,故答案为slowly。
3.句意:一些告诉我们不应该做什么。结合短文语境,shouldn’t不应该,符合句意,故答案为shouldn’t。
4.句意:我们可以在公共场所看到“禁止吸烟”。no smoking禁止吸烟,固定用法,故答案为smoking。
5.句意:它们都很有用。useful有用的,符合句意,故答案为useful。
五、 1. E 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. F 6. B
六、1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A
【解析】1.绿树林里有多少朋友?六个
2.鸟是歌手吗?是的,
3.狗是干什么的?他是一名画家。
4.谁是清洁工?熊。
5.鹦鹉每天都报道新闻吗?是的,她报道。
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