专题02 Units 4～6 重点单词短语句型、易错点&写作范文（图片版知识清单）八年级英语下学期新教材外研版

Unit4 Helping out★ 核心单词及变形 DONATE 序号 核心词汇 词性&释义 垣性&用次 短语&用法 变形拓展 help out V.帮助（解决困难）； >help out with sth.帮忙做某事 帮一把 >help sb.out帮助某人摆脱困境 .自愿做；义务做 volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 名词：volunteer(志愿者) volunteer n.志愿者 volunteer for sth.自思参加某事 形容词：voluntary(志愿的；自发的) V.主动提出；提供 offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 offer n.提议；出价 offer sb.sth.offer sth.to sb. 向某人提供某物 raise v.筹集（资金）； raise money(for.)(为…）筹款 提升；饲养 4 raise one's hand举手 donate V.捐赠；捐献 名词：donation(捐赠；捐款) donor(捐赠者) support v.&n.支持；资助；养活 support sb.in doing sth.支持某人做某事 ,形容词：supportive(支持的；鼓励的) serve the community服务社区 ,名词：service(服务) serve .服务；绵上（食物）》 serve food上菜 servant(仆人) attend v.参加；出席 ,名词：attendance(出席人数；出席率) 自 organize V.组织；策划 名词：organization(组织；机构) ,形容词：organized(有条理的) 10 collect V.收集；募集；领取 collect money/donations算集钱款/捐赠 名词：collection(收集；收藏品) collect rubbish收集垃圾 distribute V.分发；分配 distribute food and water分发食物和水 ,名词：distribution(分发；分配) 12 recycle V.回收利用；循环使用 ,名词：recycling(回收利用) 形容词：satisfied(感到满意的) satisfy V.使满意；满足 be satisfied with对.…惑到满意 satisfying(令人满意的)； (需要、要求) satisfactory(食人满意的) >名词：satisfaction(满意) charity n.慈善机构；慈善事业 charity event/sale慈善活动/义类 ,形容词：charitable(慈善的；仁慈的) give to charity捐给慈善机构 community n.社区；团体 community centre社区中心 ,形容词：communal(公共的；社区的) community service社区服务 重X 专题02Unit4 核心单词及变形★ 序号 单词/短语 词性/搭配 拓展/例句 service n. 动词：serve 16 服务；公共事业 短语：community service社区服务 customer service客户服务 elderly n.adj 17 老年人（的）；年老的 *The elderly need more care.*老年人需要更多关爱。 disabled adj./n. 名词：disability(残疾；障碍) 18 残疾的；残疾人 短语：the disabled残疾人（集体） disabled people残疾人 19 homeless adj./n. 无家可归的；无家可归者 *We should help the homeless..*我们应该帮助无家可归者。 20 rubbish n. 垃圾；废物（英式英语） *Don't throw rubbish everywhere. 不要随地扔垃圾。 21 campaign n./ (社会、政治等)运动： *They campaigned for environmental protection.* 活动；发起运动 他们发起环保运动。 22 shelter n. 庇护所；收容所 *The shelter provides food for the poor.* 收容所为穷人提供食物。 23 cause n 事业；原因 短语：a good cause崇高的事业（慈善/公益） for a good cause为了公益 24 opportunity n. ☆ 机会：时机 短语：have an opportunity to do sth.有机会做某事 *I have an opportunity to study abroad. 25 experience n./v 经验；经历；体验 形容词：experienced(有经验的) *She is an experienced teacher,*她是有经验的老师。 26 need n./v. 需要；需求；需要 短语：in need需要帮助的 in need of需要 *He is in need of medical care.* 27 responsibility n 责任 形容词：responsible(有责任心的) 短语：take responsibility for对负责 28 grateful adj. 感激的；感谢的 副词：gratefully(感激地) 短语：be grateful to sb..for sth.因某事感激某人 29 local adj. 副词：locally(在当地) 当地的；本地的 短语：local community当地社区 local government地方政府 30 meaningful adj 有意义的 反义词：meaningless(无意义的) *Volunteering is meaningful.*志愿服务很有意义。 31 independent adi 名词：independence(独立) 独立的；自主的 反义词：dependent(依赖的) 短语：be independent of不依赖… 32 independently adv 独立地 形容词：independent *She can work independently.*她能独立工作. 33 generously adv 形容词：generous(慷慨的) 慷慨地 名词：generosity(谏憬) *He donated generously.*他慷慨捐赠. 专题02 Unit4 重点短语 序号 英文短语 中文释义 lend a helping hand 伸出援助之手 2 limit ..to .. LIMIT 将…限制在…范围内 3 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 4 excuse me 化國 打扰一下 5 raise money 筹钱 6 get through 度过… 7 colour the butterfly 毁相 给蝴蝶填色 8 'm afraid+从句 恩 我恐怕… 9 provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物 10 carry viruses 章章 携带病毒 11 spread diseases 传播疾病 12 be used once 目 被用过一次 13 must be thrown away 必须被扔掉 14 afford to do sth ⑤ 支付得起做某事 15 be born with .. 出生就带… 16 make many hospital visits 翻 去医院很多次 17 be in great pain 象 处于极大的痛苦之中 18 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 19 feel her disappointment ® 感受她的失落 20 wait for sth 等待某物 21 plan to do sth 回 计划做某事 22 pocket money 8 零用钱 23 because of sb/sth 因为某人/某物 24 do chores for money 点目 做家务赚钱 25 sound+adj 0的 听起来… 26 give up 放弃 27 with the help of... 心起 在…的帮助下 28 go public 公布于众 29 so far until now 到目前为止 30 add A to B 把A加到B里面 31 be filled with .. 装满了… ENGLISH B 专题02 Unit4 重点短语 32.out of the blue 出乎意料的 47.all around me 在我周围 33.causes of the problem 问题的起因 48.be reduced to. 减少至… 34.a bottle of... 一瓶… 49.jump to sb's feet 突然站起来/跳起来 35.take exams=take an exam 参加考试 50.reach out to... 向（某人）提供帮助或支持 36.give sb a hand 给予某人帮助 51.race against time 与时间赛跑 37.close friends 亲近的朋友 8 52.be touched by .. 被…触动 △ 53.make up sb's mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 38.be in danger 处于濒危中 54.graduate from college 从大学毕业 39.be in need of help 需要帮助 sos 55.right away 马上 40.shut down 关闭 56.sign up to do sth 报名去做某事 含 41.call for help 寻求帮助 同 57.the warmth of..... 的温暖 42.increase by .... 增长了… M 58.by no means 绝不，一点也不 43.call on sb 号召某人 华 59.offer sth to sb=offer sb sth提供给某人某物 44.donate money 捐钱 60.at that time=back then 在那时 玉 45.shake hard 剧烈震动 国 61.lead to.… 导致 46.be thrown to... 被扔到… 市 62.a circle of goodwill 善意的循环 专题02Unit4重点句型 1.Leah was in the waiting room of Sunshine Hospital, as she had been many times before. 10.It was just before 2:30 pm in my hometown,Wenchuan. Leah又一次坐在阳光医院的候诊室里，这已经数不清是第几次了。 I was having a music lesson at school. 那正好是下午2点30分之前，在我的家乡汶川。 2.She noticed that the children around her had nothing to 我正在学校上音乐课。 to do but wait. 她注意到周图的孩子们除了等待无事可做」 3.There were not enough crayons for everyone. 蜡笔不够大家分。 4.Leah was born with a serious illness.She had been in and out of hospital since she 11.Suddenly,the ground started to shake violently. was very young. People were shouting all around me Leah天生患有严重疾病。她从小就反复出入医院 突然间，地面猛烈摇晃起来。四周都是人们的呼喊声 5.She couldn't afford to buy that many crayons herself. It was impossible for her to do housework to make money,as the simplest things could cause her a lot of pain. 她自己买不起那么多蜡笔。就连做家务都不可能 因为最简单的事都会给她带来巨大的痛苦。 6.But she didn't give up.With the help of her mother, 12.I was shocked to find all the other buildings she started by asking friends and family to donate. reduced to pieces. 但她没有放弃。在妈妈的帮助下， 我震惊地发现，其他所有建筑都变成了废墟。 她先从请亲友捐赠开始着手。 DONATE 7.Leah held many events to raise money.She even started a public campaign Crayon Leah举办了许多活动来簿欢。 她甚至发起了一次公众募捐活动。 8.In the end,Leah collected 2,675 boxes of crayons 13.I was deeply touched by their courage and hard work far more than her goal of 500 So I made up my mind to become one of them. 最终，Leah收集了2675盒蜡笔 他们的勇气和辛勤付出深深打动了我。 2679 远超她500盒的目标。 于是，我下定决心要成为他们中的一员。 9.Now,the hospital has colouring books and enough crayons for every child.Leah added a lot of colour to their lives. 现在医院有涂色书和足够的蜡笔供每个孩子使用 Leah为他们的生活增添了丰富的色彩。 专题02 Unit4 重点句型 ★必背句型★ 14 It was time for me to offer mine. 是我伸出援手的时候了。 15, I still remember the warmth of 我仍记得12年前那些 those helping hands 12 years ago 援助之手带来的温暖。 16. Love leads to love,and so creates 爱衍生爱，从而创造出 a circle of goodwill and kindness 善意与关爱的循环。 I still feel lucky to have had 我仍然为自己人生中有 such an amazing experience in life. 如此美妙的经历而感到幸运。 18 There are not enough crayons 医院的孩子们没有 for the children in the hospital. 足够的蜡笔。 19. The hospital couldn't afford new crayons 医院没有足够的经费 for every child. 给每个孩子买新蜡笔。 20 These families are facing 这些家庭正面临 serious financial problems. 严重的财务问题。 We plan to raise money 我们计划为当地的 for the local animal shelter. 动物收容所筹集善款。 22 We'll meet at the school gate at 8 am. 我们上午8点在校门口集合。 23 It might be difficulf to raise enough money 一天之内筹集足够的钱可能会 in one day,but we'll try our best. 有困难，但我们会尽力。 24, We may need to ask more people for help. 我们可能需要向更多人求助。 25 The work is by no means easy, 这项工作一点儿也不容易， but it's worth it. 但它值得去做。 26. It will create a circle of goodwill 这将在我们社区创造一个 in our community. 善意循环。 27 Small acts of kindness can lead 小小的善行可以带来 to a big difference. 巨大的改变。 28 Animals are our close friends. 动物是我们亲密的朋友。 Wild animals are in danger. 野生动物处于濒危状态。 29, Homeless animals need 无家可归的动物需要 our help and care. 我们的帮助与关爱。 30. You can also donate money and books 也可以捐钱和书籍来帮助他们。 to help them. 专题02Unit4单元易错点 一、词汇易混辨析 易错点1：raise/rise混涌 错误示例 正确示例 解析（灰色底纹） The sun raises in the east. The sun rises in the east. rise是不及物动词“上升”，后无宾语： raise是及物动词“筹集/举起”，须有宾语。 We rose money for charity. We raised money for charity. 筹款"必须用raise。 He raised from his seat. He rose from his seat. "站起来"用rise。 口讷：raise带宾语(raise money/your hand),rise自己升(sun rises/price rises).。 易错点2：offer/provide/supply混用 错误示例 正确示例 解析（灰色底纹） The charity offered food for The charity provided food for ofer强调“主动提出（可接变或拒绝）”： the homeless. the homeless. provide强调"供给所需”，更口配基本生活物资。 He provided to help me. He offered to help me. offer to do sth.是困定结构，provide不接不定式。 The school supplied us with books 正确 supply侧重“大量/定期供位物资”。 辨析 offer:offer sb.sth./offer to do sth. 小结 provide:provide sb.with sth./provide sth.for sb. supply:supply sb.with sth./supply sth.to sb. 易错点3：attend/join/take part in用法不分 错误示例 正确示例 解析（灰色底纹） I joined a charity meeting yesterday. I attended a charity meeting yesterday. '参加会议/讲座/课程”用attend join措加入组织或某人。 Many volunteers attended the club Many volunteers joined the club "加入俱乐部/团队”用join。 He took part in the army. He joined the army. "参军”习惯用join the army 小结 attend→出席活动（会议、课程、仪式） 83 join→加入团体/组织/某人 @ take part in→参与（并发挥作用） 易错点4：collect/gather区别 错误示例 正确示例 解析（灰色底纹） We gathered money for the poor. “募集资金"用collect;gather侧重 We collected money for the poor. “聚找（人物）”，更口语化。 People collected in the square. People gathered in the square. 人聚集用gather。 专题02 Unit4 单元易错点 Let's Help! 二、短语搭配易错 易错点8：help out中的out不可漏，搭配介词with 错误示例 正确示例 解析 Can you help with Can you help out help out强调“帮忙解决困难" the cleaning? with the cleaning? 比help更贴近本单元主题。 He helped out me. He helped me out. 代词放在help与out之间： help sb.out。 易错点9：donate的介词搭配 错误示例 正确示例 解析 They donated money They donated money donate sth.to for the poor. to the poor. sb./organization。 They donated the poor They donated money 不存在donate sb. with money. to the poor. with sth.结构。 易错点10：raise money后介词for 错误示例 正确示例 解析 We raised money to We raised money for raise money for... the homeless. the homeless. 为…筹款。 易错点11：provide的两种结构混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 The shelter provided provide sth.for sb. meals for the homeless. ◇正确 The shelter provided the homeless with meals ◇正确 provide sb.with sth. A错误混合： provide meals to sb..X避免用to,用for或with。 易错点12：serve后接food/meal时不需要额外介词 错误示例 正确示例 解析 They served for They served hot soup. serve直接接食物："提供食物”。 hot soup. They served to They served the homeless. serve sb.或 They served food to the homeless. the homeless serve sth.tosb.。 易错点13：in need短语中无冠词 错误示例 正确示例 解析 We should help people We should help people in need是固定短语， in the need. in need. 不加冠词。 She is in need of help Q正确 in need of需要… 易错点14：the+形容词表示一类人时的冠词与主谓一致 错误示例 正确示例 解析 000 The homeless needs The homeless need he+adj:表一类人， our help. our help. 谓语用复数 We should respect old We should respect the old. 冠词the不可省略。 专题02Unit4单元易错点 0 易错点15：offer to do sth.中todo不可省略 易错点19：s0that与so.…that结构混滑 错误示例 正确示例 解析 错误示例 正确示例 解析 of什er后必须 He offered He offered We raised so that引导目的 接不定式， We raised money help me. to help me. 不接原形或 状语从句，从句 money so that so that we could 动名词。 需有完整主谓和 help the help the 情态动词(can/ homeless. homeless. HELP She offered She offered could等)。 donating money. to donate money 同上 NATE The work was The work was so...that so meaningful 如此…以至于 so meaningful 0 易错点16：volunteer作动词的用法 that we …,hat不可 so we enjoyed it. enjoyed it. 换成s0。 错误示例 正确示例 解折 volunteer to They volunteered They volunteered do sth.,不定 help the elderly. to help the elderly 式不能省路 Q易错点20：建议句型I suggest/advise后的从句动词形式 to。 I volunteered at volunteer作 错误示例 正确示例 解析 I volunteered the shelter./ 不及物动词 in the shelter. I volunteered SHELTER 时，地点前用 suggest后 at/in;但更常 I suggest to I suggest 接动名词或 to work at the 用volunteer hold a charity holding a shelter. that从句， todo。 sale. charity sale. 不接不定式。 Q易错点17：It takes time to do sth.的主语固定 I advise him advise sb. 错误示例 正确示例 解折 to donate his ◇正确 to do sth.是 花时间做某事 old clothes. 正确结构。 We take two It takes us two 用It takes sb. hours to clean hours to clean time to do sth., the park. the park. 主语是t。 I suggested I suggested suggest that that he that he 从句中用 C0st通常指 It takes us two donates (should)donate The work costs 金接，不指时间 (should)+ us two hours. hours to do (但可说sh money. money. 动词原形。 the work. cost sb.time, 较正式)。建议 学生用take。 0 易错点21：主动表被动(need doing) Q易错点18：because/because of混用 (本单元常见于解版) 错误示例 正确示例 解析 错误示例 正确示例 解析 The old man needs The old man need doing looking after. They volunteered They volunteered because of后 needs to 主动形式表 because of they 接名词或代词： needs to be look after 被动意义。 because they because后接 looked after. wanted to help. wanted to help. 从句。 The homeless need The event was The event was The homeless helping./need 同上 cancelled cancelled rain是名词， need to help. because because of to be helped. 用because of。. the rain. the rain. 00 英语句型易错点速记卡」期末复习必备 专题02 Unit5 重点单词 Unit 5 Looking into nature 核心单词及变形 1. explore v,探索；探究 11, remain v.保持；仍然是；剩余 ·名词：exploration(探泰)；explorer(探索者) ·形容词：exploratory(探索性的) ·短语：explore nature(探索自然)】 12 respect v.&n.尊重 explore the unknown(探索未知】 ·形容词：respectful(表示尊敬的) respectable(可敬的) ②discover.v发现 ·短语：respect life and the world ·名词：discovery(发现)】 (敬畏生命与世界) 3 research v.&n.研究；调查 13 nature n.大自然；自然界 ·动词用法：research into sth.(研究某事) ·形容词：natural(自然的)》 ·短语：scientific research（科学研究) ·短语：the beauty of nature(自然之美) in nature(在自然界中） 4 unlock v.解开；开启（秘密等） 14 amber n.琥珀 5. study v.&n.研究；学习 15, species n.物种（单复数同形） 6。name v.命名；给.取名n.名字 ·短语：name after(以…命名) name sb.sth.(给某人起名为…) 16 fossil n.化石 ·短语：fossil record(化石记录)】 ⑦ carry on v.继续；坚持 living fossil(活化石) 8,fall v.变成；进入（某种状态） 17 scientist n.科学家 ·常用短语：fall il(生病) fall asleep(入睡) ·名词：science(科学) fall in love with(爱上) 9 lose.v失去；丢失 18 discovery n.发现 ·过去式/过去分词：lost 动词：discover ·短语：lose one's sight(失明) lose one's way(迷路) 19, research v.&n.研究；调查 10 belong v.属于 ·动词用法：research into sth.(研究某事) ·短语：belong to(属于) ·短语：scientific research（科学研究) 专题02 Unit5 重点单词 序号 单词 词性及中文意思 变形 海语 ★ 20. achievement n.成就；功绩 动词：achieve great achievement (实现；取得) (伟大成就)】 21 curiosity n.好奇心 形容词：curious awaken one's curiosity (好奇的) (唤醒某人的好奇心) 22 n.秘密；奥秘 nature's secrets secret ad.秘密的 (大自然的奥秘) 23 key n.钥匙；关键 the key to success (成功的关键) 24 field field work fieldwork n.田野；野外；领域 (实地考察；田野词查) 25 magnifier n.放大镜 动词：magnify (放大) n.荣誉；尊敬 honour 形容词：honourable V.尊重 (光荣的) 2 passion n.热情；激情 形容词：passionate with great passion (热情的) (满怀热情) 28 动词：persist(坚持) persistence n.坚持不懈 形容词：persistent (坚持不懈的)】 29 plant n.植物v.种植 plant species (植物物种) 30 dinosaur n.恐龙 dinosaur fossil (恐龙化石) 31 副词：naturally(自然地) natural adj.自然的；天然的 反义词：unnatural 32 (不自然的) unknown ad未知的；不出名的 63 动词：amaze(使惊奇) ad惊奇的；惊讶的 be amazed at/by amazed 形容词：amazing (对…感到惊奇) 34 (令人惊奇的)】 ad无穷无尽的； endless 副词：endlessly (无止境地) 1.5 永无止境的 名词：curiosity be curious about curious ad好奇的；求知欲强的 (好奇心) (对…感到好奇) 36 serious ad.严重的；认真的 副词：seriously (严重地；认真地) 37 adv.完全地；彻底地 形容词：complete completely (完全的) 38 hardly adv.几乎不 专题02 Unit5重点短语 序号 英文短语 中文释义 主题图标 7 unsolved secrets 未解决的秘密 2 nature exploration 自然探索 3 have sth in common 有共同点 ? secrets of nature 自然的秘密 5 secrets caught in time 困在时间里的秘密 6 run around 四处跑 7 look for 寻找 8 raise arms 举起手臂 9 hundreds of".. 几百… ①可可 10 look like 看起来像… 11 thanks to” 多亏了，由于 12 a piece of" 一片，一件… 13 Southeast Asia 东南亚 14 the tail of'”. …的尾巴 15 life on earth 地球上的生命 16 Northern Europe 北欧 17 no longer 不再… 18 over time 随着时间的推移；渐渐地 19 unknown species 未知的品种 20 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 21 the northern half of the earth 北半球 22 old beliefs about”… 关于.…的旧观念 23 a window on the past 通往过去的窗口 24 be fully understood 被完全地理解 25 put more effort into” 更努力地 26 unlock more secrets of"... 揭开…的更多秘密 27 a newspaper report on".. 关于.…的报纸报道 28 findings in nature 在自然界的发现 29 a sci-fi book 一本科幻小说 ◆使用说明：每个短语搭配主题图标辅助记忆，重点词汇已加粗突出， 建议结合例句进行情境记忆。 专题02 Unit5 重点短语 30.writing styles 31.die out 54.belong to 写作风格 灭绝 属于… 32.message board 33.the solar system 55.pass away 信息板 大阳系 去世 34.in the past 35.raise questions 56.lifelong exploration 在过去 提出问题 终生探索 36.move around 37.clear things in its way 57.love of nature 绕着..…移动 清除它路上的东西 对自然的爱 38.that's why 39.make low sounds 48.carry on with sth 那就是为什么.…. 发出低沉的声音 继续某事 41.present sb with sth 49.personal honour 40.a boiling river 向某人赠送某物 个人的荣誉 一条沸腾的河 present sth to sb 50.be quiet about 向某人陈述某事； 低调对待.… 赠送某人某物 42.all the way to 43.make plants his life 51.such a great scientist 一路到.… 把植物当作他的人生事业 如此伟大的科学家 44.throughout his life 45.carry out his research 52.for a long time 贯穿他的一生 开展他的研究 持续很长时间 ☒ 46.fall seriously ill 47.lose sight in his right eye 53.have no idea 生重病 失去右眼的视力 不知道 学习小贴士：每天早晚各背诵5个短语，一周内轻松掌握！ 专题02 Unit5 重点句型 (期末知识清单) Imagine a dinosaur in an What other secrets is ancient forest.It is nature waiting to reveal? running around,looking for its next meal. 大自然还在等待着揭示 想象在远古的森林中，一只恐龙 哪些其他秘密呢？ 正在四处奔跑，寻贵它的下一餐 This species no longer 8 Nature is full of secrets. grows in this area.But the They are waiting for find proves that it did 35 somebody to explain them million years ago. 这个物种不再在这个区域生长， 大自然充满奥秘。它们在等待着 但这个发现证明，它在三千五百万年前 某个人去揭开它们。 曾存活于此。 3 Scientists used to believe These secrets awaken our that ants came from the curiosity and drive scientists northern part of the world. to better understand the But the amber fossil tells a wonders around us. different story 这些奥秘唤醒我们的好奇心，驱使 科学家曾认为蚂蚁起源于北半球 我们更好地理解周围的奇迹。 但琥珀化石讲述了不同的故事。 4 Thanks to amber,we now 10 Nature presents us know that some dinosaurs with endless wonders had feathers. 大自然为我们呈现出 多亏了琥珀，我们现在知道 一些恐龙长有羽毛。 无尽的奇观。 It's possible,right?Actually, Amber is a window on it's unlikely for the sun to the past heat the river that much. 琥珀是一扇通往过去的窗户。 这有可能，对吗？实际上， 太阳不太可能把河水加热到 那个程度。 6 Each piece of amber 12 Everything in nature is unlocks a secret of nature connected in a wonderful way. 每一块琥珀都揭开一个 大自然中的一切以奇妙的 自然界的奥秘。 方式相互联系。 专题02 Unit5 重点句型 必背句型 errrrr 13. For over 70 years,Professor Wang explored China's plants with 70 great passion and hard work. 七十多年来，王教授带着极大的热情和辛勤努力探索中国的植物。 14.Throughout his life,Professor Wang worked hard to research the world of plants in China. 王教授一生辛勤研究中国植物界。 15.He discovered and named about 1,370 new plant species. 他发现并命名了约1370种植物新物种。 16. He became seriously ill while doing field work in Yunnan and nearly died. 他在云南进行野外工作时患上重病，差点丧命。 17. He lost sight in his right eye at the age of 83,but he didn't let anybody know. 他在83岁时右眼失明，但没有让任何人知道。 18.With a magnifier in hand,he carried on with his research for another 10 years. 手持放大镜，他继续他的研究长达10年。 19. Though he nearly died,Wang never stopped his work. 虽然他差点丧命，但王从未停止工作。 20. Despite his huge success,Wang seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. 尽管取得了巨大成功，王很少考虑个人荣誉或财富。 21.He received the First Class Award of the National Natural Science Award twice,but he hardly mentioned it. 他两次获得国家自然科学一等奖，但几乎从不提及。 22.For him,the award belonged to the team,and he was just doing his job. 对他来说，奖项属于团队，他只是在做他的本职工作。 23.It softly told people about his lifelong exploration and love of nature. 它静静地告诉人们他毕生的探索和对自然的热爱。 24. He passed away in autumn when the leaves fell. 他在秋天落叶时季安息。 25. How much do we really know about the natural world? 植物笔记 我们对自然界究竟了解多少？ 26. The more we explore nature,the more we realize how much remains unknown. 我们对自然探索得越多，就越意识到还有多少未知领域。 ÷专题02Unt5单元易错点 一、词汇易混辨析 易错点1：discover/invent混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 Edison discovered Edison invented invent指“发明”原本不存在的率物 the light bulb. the light bulb. (电灯、电话等)。 Scientists invented Scientists discovered discover指“发现”本来就存在但末 a new species. a new species. 被认识的事物（新物种、新星球）。 Columbus invented Columbus discovered 发现新大陆用discover。 invent discover America. America. 刀口诀：发现本来有(discover),发明从无到有(invent)。 (配图：左侧灯泡图标invent;右侧地球图标◆discover) 易错点2：study/learn混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 I learned the behaviour I studied the behaviour study强调“深入研究、系统学习”； of ants for years. of ants for years. lean侧重“学会、了解到”。 He studied English He learned English 学习语言的基础用learn,但也可用 stuy,需看语境。此处“学会”更 when he was five. when he was five. 自然用learned。 study learn 易错点3：hardly/hard混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 He worked hardly to He worked hard to hard可作副词“努力地”；hardly achieve his goal. achieve his goal. 是“几乎不”，表示否定。 I hard know him. I hardly know him. 几乎不认识，用hardly。 The test was hardly The test was hard. 困难的用hard(形容词)。 hard hardly ?口决：hard努力又困难，hardly几乎不沾边。 (配图：跑步人物图标音hard;问号图标意hardly) 易错点4：curious/strange混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 I'm strange about I'm curious about curious表示“好奇的”，主动想了解 the stars. the stars. strange表示“奇怪的”。 That's a curious noise. That's a strange noise. 奇怪的声音用strange。 curious strange 易错点5：amazed/amazing混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 I was amazing at I was amazed at amazed修饰人“惑到惊奇的”； the discovery. the discovery. amazing修饰物“令人惊奇的”。 The fossil was amazed. The fossil was amazing. 主语是物，用amazing。 amazed amazing 易错点6：still/yet/alreadhy混用（本单元常见于描述科学现状） 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 Amber is yet not fully Amber is still not fully understood. understood. 商李客整香简句果：V心t席 I have still finished I have already finished my research. my research. 已经完成用already(肯定句)。 Have you finished still? Have you finished yet? 疑问句用yet。 still already yet 易错点7：remain/stay辨析 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 The secret stays remain较正式，常与未解之谜等搭配； unsolved. stay更口语化。 为 Please remain seated. Q正确 remain表示“保持某种状态”，带用。 remain stav 易错点8：lost/missing/gone辨析 错误示例 正确示例 解析 配图 He lost his sight. ⊙正确（失去视力） lose one's sight固定搭配。 The fossil is lost. The fossil is missing 052表不失哦的、找不的 丢失的”也可】 但missing lost missing 易错点9：field/farm/countryside混渭 He did research in He did research in “实地考察”用field work, the farm. the field. 不是farm(农场)。 I love the fresh air I love the fresh air in 泛指乡村用countryside。 冈 in the field. the countryside. field farm countryside 专题02 Unit5 单元易错点 二、短语搭配易错 ☆易错点10：thanks to与because of语气区别 错误示例 正确示例 解析 Thanks to the heavy rain... Because of the heavy rain. thanks to多用于正面原因 Thanks to amber, ⑦正确 正面原因，可用 we discovered... ☆易错点11：belong to无被动、无进行时 错误示例 正确示例 解析 The fossil is The fossil belongs belong to不用于 belonged to me. to me. 被动语态 This amber is This amber belong to不用于 belonging to... 进行 belongs to.… 进行时 ☆易错点12：carry on后接with或直接接doing 错误示例 正确示例 解析 He carried on He carried on carry on后接doing to research. researching... 或with+n. He carried on with his work. 心正确 ★易错点13：fall ill中的ill不用副词 错误示例 正确示例 解析 He fell ill badly. fall il中的i训 He fell ill. 不用副词 She fell ill She fell ill 保持固定搭配， badly last week. last week. 不使用副词修饰 Unit5 专题02 单元易错点 三、句型易错点☆☑ 易错点17 错误示例 正确示例 解析 宾语从句引导词 X Scientists have √Scientists have 宾语从句中that在书面语 that省略与不省略 discovered amber discovered that can preserve DNA. amber can preserve DNA. 中一般不省略，尤其在 正式文体。口语中可省， X I believe that I believe that it is true 但考试建议保留。 it is true. 易错点18 He said the earth √He said the earth 客观真理用一般现在时， 宾语从句 moved around the sun. moves around the sun 主句过去时也不变。 时态呼应 X I thought he √I thought he 主句过去，从句也相应 is a scientist. was a scientist. 过去（非真理）。 易错点19 X I don't know √Idon't know whether后可直接跟 if/whetheri引导 if to go or not. whether to go or not. 不定式，f不能。 宾语从句的区别 X He asked if or not He asked whether whether or not:是 it was true. or not it was true. 固定搭配，不用f。 易错点20 X The more we explore The more we explore 固定句型： the more...the more... nature,the more we nature,the more we the+比较级， 结构中的比较级形式 understand it. understand it. the+比较级。 More we explore, 两个the都不能省。 more we understand. 易错点21 X Though he lost Though he lost his though与but his sight,but he sight,he never gave up. though和but都是连词， /He lost his sight, 不能同时出现在 不能同时使用 never gave up. but he never gave up. 一个复合句中。 易错点22 X It was so an amazing It was such an such a/an adj.+n.; s0.that.与 discovery that amazing discovery so adj.a/an +n. everyone cheered. that everyone cheered. such.that混 (但前者更常用)。 X The discovery was The discovery was so+ad.+that。 so amazing that... so amazing that... 易错点23 Hardly he mentioned √Hardly did he hardly等否定副词位于 hardlyf位于句首 his honours. mention his honours. 句首，句子需部分倒装。 时的倒装 X Hardly had he arrived Hardly had he arrived when it started to rain when it started to rain. hardly.when.结构倒装。 易错点24 X The fossil was seen The fossil was 感官动词被动后， 被动语态中 preserved in amber. seen to be preserved 不定式要加to 感官动词的用法 in amber. (see sb.do→ sb.is seen to do) 专题02Unit6重点单词 Unit 6 Living with nature 核心单词及变形 ①Iive.生活；居住；生存 depend v.依赖；依靠 3destroy 以破坏；摧毀 ◆形容词：ive(活的)； ◆形容词：dependent(依赖的) lively(充满活力的) independent(独立的) ◆名词：destruction(破坏) ●矩语：live with nature(与自然共生) ●短语：depend on/upon 形容词：destructive(破坏性的) live a simple life(过简单生活) (依赖；取决于) ④protect v.保护 5 reduce v.减少 6 recycle v.回收利用 ◆名词：protection(保护) ◆名词：reduction(减少) ◆名词：recycling(回收) 形容词：protective(保护的) ●短语：protect the environment ●短语：reduce pollution(减少污染) 形容词：recyclable(可回收的) (保护环境) reduce waste(减少浪费) ⑦reuse v.重复使用 ⑧waste v.浪费n.垃极；浪费 9 pollute v.污染 ◆形容词：wasteful(浪费的) ◆名词：reuse(重复使用) ◆名词：pollution(污染) ●短语：waste water(浪费水) 形容词：polluted(被污染的) a waste of time(浪费时间) 10 harm v.&n.伤害；损害 1 balance v.使平衡n.平衡 treat v.对待；治疗 ◆形容词：harmful(有害的) ●短语：treat nature with respect harmless(无害的) ●短语：keep the balance (尊重地对特自然) ●短语：do harm to(对..，有害) of nature(保持自然平衡) ◆名词：treatment(对待；治疗) 3 appreciate.v欣赏；感激 14 nature n.大自然；自然界 harmony n.和谐；融洽 ◆名词：appreciation ◆形容词：natural(自然的) ◆形容词：harmonious (欣赏；感激) ●短语：the beauty of nature(自然之) (和谐的) in harmony wit讪nature(与自然和储 16 environment n.环境 countryside n乡村；农村 18 pollution n.污染 ◆形容词：environmental 。a ◆动词：pollute (环境的) 19 waste 20 wildlife n.野生动物；野生生物 n.垃圾；浪费（见动词部分）》 专题02Unit6重点单词 (期末知识清单)》 核心单词及变形 21.balance n.平衡 22.resource n.资源 短语：the balance of nature(自然平衡) 短语：natural resources(自然资源) 23.lifestyle n.生活方式 24.stream n.小河；溪流 短语：a simple lifestyle(简单的生活方式) 25.hiln.小山；山丘 26.forest n.森林 短语：rainforest(雨林) 27.fresh air n.新鲜空气 28.crop n.农作物；庄稼 短语：grow crops(种植庄稼) 29.sunrise n.日出 30.sunset n.日落 反义词：sunset(日落) 31.natural adj..自然的；天然的 副词：naturally(自然地) 名词：nature 32.harmonious adj..和谐的 名词：harmony 8 33.environmental adj..环境的 副词：environmentally(环保地) 当 34.simple adj.简单的；朴素的 副词：simply(简单地) 短语：a simple life(简朴的生活) 35.peaceful adj..和平的；宁静的 名词：peace(和平) 短语：a peaceful village(宁静的村庄) 36.fresh adj新鲜的 37.clear adj..清激的；清晰的 动词：clear(清理) 短语：clear water(清漱的水) 38.quiet adi.安静的；宁静的 39.harmful adj..有害的 副词：quietly(安静地) 反义词：harmless(无害的) 名词：quiet(宁静)】 短语：be harmful to(对…有害) 40.sustainable adj.可持续的 短语：sustainable development(可持续发展) 41.naturally 42.environmentally 43.simply adv.自然地 adv.环保地 adv.简单地 专题02 Unit6 重点短语 重点短语 ◆用法拓展● live with nature 与大自然共生 21 both...and.. …和.都 have a close 与..保持密切关系 22 at certain times 在特定的时间； relationship with 和.…关系密切 在某些时候 between A and B A+B 23 be set to do sth. 即将做某事； 在A和B之间 准备好做某事 enjoy nature 欣赏自然 24 long to do sth. 洞望做某事 use natural resources 利用自然资源 25 so...that... 如此.以至于 6 change nature 改造自然 26 take an interest in ⑧ 对.…感兴趣 lively birds 活泼的鸟 27 hundreds of 棉 几百；成百上千； 许多；大量 8 sing sweetly 婉转地唱歌 28 move away from 永 离开；远离 西 9 hurry to +sp. 匆忙去某地 29 与…保持亲近； stay close to 解 靠近 10 hurry up 0 赶快 30 be known /famous as 盛 被称为.…； 作为.而闻名 11 send sth.to sp. 把某物送到某地 31 be known famous for 可 因.而闻名 12 be busy doing sth. 足 忙于做某事 32 for example 目 例如 13 pick up 捡起；拾起； (开车)接载（某人） 33 such as 例如 14 one of... 前资 中的一个 34 even though 即使 15 one of+the+形容词 最高级+可数名词复数 88 ..中最.的.…之 35 be curious about ®？ 对感到好奇？ 16 grow up 长大￥ 36 be sure 囟 确定；肯定；确信 17 in the countryside 金刺 在乡下；在农村 37 on the sea 在海上工 18 most of... 中的大多数 38 the laws of nature 自然规律 9 mean to do sth. © 打算做某事 39 according to 据.所示，按…所说 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 40 be good for 对.有益 对..有好处 专题02： Unit6 重点短语 重点短语 41.be harmful to 58.such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数 对.…有害 如此的一个… 42.reading material 阅读材料 59.Iie位于；平躺(lay,lain,ying 江 43.require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事 60.lie down躺下 44.make choices 做出选择 61.Iie撒谎(lied,lied,ying) 45.spend +time/money +(in)doing sth. 62.lie to sb.对某人说谎 花费时间/金钱做某事 46.be able to do sth. 能够做某事 63.lay产卵；放置(laid,laid,laying) 47.cook food 裒饪食物 64.more than多于；超过 +> 48.charge a phone 给手机充电 65. 100 metres deep100米深 49.look like 看起来像 50.in the desert 66.fall into落入；陷入 在沙漠里 51.how much+不可数名词 67.as long as与.-样长；只要 多少 52.every year 0 68. thanks to由于；幸亏 每年 53.be like 像；像一样；长得像 69. no wonder难怪 54.A is in the east of B 在.的东部（A在B内部) ⑨ 70. solve problems解决问题 55.to the east of 在..的东部（不接壤） 71.food/housing/water shortages 56.on the east of 食物/住房/用水短缺 在..的东部（接壤） 57.in mid-summer 72.play an important role 在仲夏 发挥重要作用 专题02Unit6重点句型 必背句型← 一、描写芒种农耕场景的句子 1.It was early one morning of Grain in Ear.Lively birds sang sweetly in the trees. Villagers hurried to the fields. 那是芒种的一个清晨。活泼的鸟儿在树上婉转歌唱，村民们匆匆赶往田间。 2.Under the blue sky,golden fields shone like the sun.The wind blew. sending sweet smells into the air. 蓝天之下，金色的田野像太阳一样闪闪发光。风吹过，空气中弥漫着清甜的气息。 3.Adults were busy cutting the wheat.Children raced behind to pick up the ears. 大人们忙着收割小麦，孩子们跟在后面捡拾麦穗。 二、描述二十四节气的句子 4.This is one of the best memories of my childhood.I grew up in the countryside 9的 of Shandong Province.Most of the villagers there lived by farming. 这是我童年最美好的回亿之一。我在山东的农村长大，那里的大多数村民都以务农为生。 节气 5.The 24 Solar Terms meant so much to them.The changes of the terms 二十四芋气 guided both their farming activities and daily lives. 二十四节气对他们来说意义非凡。节气的变化指导着他们的农事活动和日常生活。 6.The terms helped them understand why things happened at certain times, and how they should react. 节气帮助他们理解为什么事情会在特定的时间发生，以及他们该如何应对。 7.When I grew up and left my hometown,the 24 Solar Terms followed me. I always feel excited when a new term is set to begin.I longed to share these feelings in my paintings and poems 当我长大离开家乡后，二十四节气依然伴随着我。每当一个新的节气即将到来时 我总是感到兴奋。我渴望在自己的画作和诗歌中分享这些感受。 三、描述年轻人重新关注智慧的句子 8.I'm so happy that many people,especially the young,are taking a new interest in the ancient wisdom. 我很高兴看到很多人，尤其是年轻人，对这份古老的智慧产生了新的兴趣， 。 专题02Unit6重点句型 田 二十四节气 火焰山与坎儿井 Now people may be moving away 3 You probably remember the Flaming from farming.However.the ancient Mountains from Journey to the West way of dividing time stays close to But do you know where the real our hearts. Flaming Mountains are? 如今，人们或许正在远离农耕，但 你可能在《西游记》里记得火焰山。 这种古老的计时方式依然深深扎根 但你知道真正的火焰山在哪里吗？ 在我们心中。 12 10 It's known as one of the hottest The 24 Solar Terms are known as areas in the world.The desert sand the "Fifth Great Invention of China" can be as hot as 80C in mid-summer. They help people understand why nature works this way. 它被誉为世界上最热的地区之一。 仲夏时节沙漠的沙子温度可达80摄氏度。 二十西节气被誉为中国的第五大发明”。 它们帮助人们理解自然为何如此运转。 3 How do people survive in such a Many of the 24 Solar Terms bear terrible climate?The secret lies in social and cultural meanings,too the ancient karez system. People celebrate their arrival with 人们如何在如此恶劣的气候下生存？ traditional activities 秘密就在于古老的坎儿井系统中。 许多节气也承载着社会和灾化意义， 人们会用传统活动来庆祝它们的到来。 6 Thanks to the karez system,people can grow plants for food in this 12 The ancient calendar has never difficult environment. disappeared from the life of the 多亏了坎儿井系统，人们可以在这种 Chinese. 因难的环境中种植农作物作为食物。 这部古老的历法从未从中国人的生活 中消失。 The karez system still plays an important role.Now,more and more young people are taking action to protect it. 坎儿井系统仍然发挥着重要的作用。 二十四 现在，越来越多的年轻人正在采取行动 保护它。 节气 专02 Unit6 单元易错点 单元易错点归纳 ●一、词汇易混辨析 错误示例 正确示例 解析 nature/ We should protect natural. We should protect nature. nature是名词，作保护的对象 点1 natural/ natural是形容词，不能作宾语】 naturally The park looks nature. The park looks natural. 系动词look后接形容词作表语 词性混涌 用natural. She sings natural. She sings naturally 修饰动词用副词naturally 错误示例 正确示例 解析 易销 live life/ We should life in harmony We should live in harmony ive是动词“生活”； alive/ with nature. with nature. Iife是名词"生命/生活”。 2 living ive(ad./laiv/)指"活的”； I saw a living fish on the plate. saw a live fish on the plate 混用 living也可指"活若的”，但Ive更 常用于动物。 The old man is still lively. The old man is still alive. alive指“活着的”： lively指“充满活力的 错误示例 正确示例 解析 易 countryside/ countryside是抽象念“乡村地区 village/ I live in a small countryside Ilive in a small village. 不能与a small连用；village是具体村庄 3 country 混淆 My grandparents live in My grandparents live in the country作"乡村时与countryside同义 the country. countryside. 但country还有“国家”义，易皎义。 建义用countryside明确表示乡村。 错误示例 正确示例 解析 harmful harmless Plastic bags are harmless Plastic bags are harmful harmful有害的： harmless无害的. to the environment. to the environment. 意义完全相反。 意义相反 提示：后须-fu表“充滴 -less表"无"，类做词；helpful/helpless,careful/careless. 错误示例 正确示例 解析 reduce/ reduce更常用于人为减少污染. decrease We should decrease pollution. We should reduce pollution. 浪热等；decrease侧里数显、数值的下降， 5 作及物动词略生银 搭配不同 The population reduced by 10% The population decreased by10%. 描述自然下降时decrease更常见。 错误示例 正确示例 解析 protect/ We should prevent We should protect protect保护（蕖物不受伤害】 点6 prevent the environment. the environment. prevent阻止（某事发生）， 混淆 后常接from doing,. We should protect people We should prevent people from cutting trees. from cutting trees. 阻止人们砍树”用prevent from 错误示例 正确示例 解析 waste作名词 Don't throw wastes Don't throw waste waste作“垃圾、废物”解时 的可数性 everywhere. everywhere. 为不可数名词。 It's a waste of time 正确 waste作"浪费”解时，可与a连用 a waste of time/money。 Let's learn: English 专题02 Unit6 单元易错点 二、短语搭配易错 易错点8：depend on中的介词on不可省略 错误示例 正确示例 解析 We depend We depend on depend是不及物动词， nature for nature for 必须加on/upon。 everything everything. It depends It depends on the weather. the weather. 同上。 ★拓展：dependent on/independent of也需注意介词搭配。 每 易错点9：live in harmony with中的介词with 错误示例 正确示例 解析 We should live We should live 固定搭配：in in harmony in harmony with harmony with。 to nature. nature. We should live 夕正确 也可用副词 harmoniously with nature harmoniously with 易错点I0:be harmful to误用介词 错误示例 正确示例 解析 Smoking is Smoking is 固定搭配：be harmful for harmful to harmful to. your health. your health 同理：be harmful to the 正确 environment 易错点11：protect..from中的from易漏 错误示例 正确示例 解析 We should We should protect...from... protect trees protect trees from being cut 表示“保护.免受.”。 cutting down down. from不可省略。 易错点I2:make a difference中的冠词a易漏 错误示例 正确示例 解析 Even small Even small make a difference acts can make acts can make a 是固定短语，a不可省 difference. difference. 略。 It makes no 否定或疑问时可说 ●● make no difference/ difference. 正确 any difference。 易错点13：thanks to与because of混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 Thanks to the thanks to多用于 heavy rain,the Because of the 正面原因（幸号）； heavy rain,the because of中性。 game was cancelled. game was cancelled. 建议避免thanks to接 负面原因。 *专题02Unit6单元易错点 the+形容词表示一类事物时的主谓一致 错误示例 正确示例 解析 The poor is helped The poor are helped the+形容词表一类人， by the government. by the government. 谓语用复数。 海 The new is always The new is always 但the new若指抽象概念 “新事物”，谓语用单数。 not welcome. not welcome. 需根据语境判断。 15 Itis+adj.+for sb.todo与ofsb.的误用 错误示例 正确示例 解析 It is important of us It is important for us important等描述事物性质的 to protect nature. to protect nature. 形容词用for sb.。 It is kind for you It is kind of you kind,nice,clever等描述人的 to help me. to help me. 品质时用ofsb。 6 not only.…but also.的主谓一致 错误示例 正确示例 解析 Not only the air but Not only the air but 遵循“就近原则”，谓语与 also the water are polluted. also the water is polluted but also后的主语一致。 Not only you but Not only you but I是主语，用am。 also I are going. also I am going. more and more+名词与比较级and比较级混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 More and more people ◇正确 more and more+名词 are protecting the environment 表示“越来越多的人/物”。 The weather is getting The weather is getting 形容词比较级重复用and连接 hot and hot. hotter and hotter. 不能直接用原级。 so that与so.that混淆 错误示例 正确示例 解析 We should recycle paper We should recycle paper so that引导目的状语从句， so that reduce waste. so as to reduce waste. 从句需有主语和情态动词。 We should recycle paper so that we can reduce waste ⑦正确 The air is so fresh that ◇正确 so.that..引导结果状语从句。 I want to stay here. It takes/spends/costs的误用 本单元可能涉及描述“做某事需要时间/资源” 学生易混。 错误示例 正确示例 解析 It spends a long time It takes a long time It takes+时间+to do sth to protect the forest. to protect the forest 是固定句型。 I cost two hours I spent two hours cleaning the park. cleaning the park. 人作主语用spend。 because与because of混用 错误示例 正确示例 解析 We stayed inside We stayed inside because of后接名词或代词； because of it rained. because it rained. because后接从句。