期末复习Unit5 —Unit8常考点梳理&练习2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 聚焦8B U5-U8期末常考词汇、语法及固定搭配，通过知识点梳理与分层练习强化语言应用能力 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇辨析|patient系列、time短语等12考点|选择/填空/词形转换|从词性转换到搭配应用，构建词汇网络| |语法应用|被动语态、反意疑问句等15考点|选择/句型转换/翻译|按语法难度梯度编排，强化规则理解与灵活运用| |固定搭配|be used to doing、make it+adj等20考点|填空/完成句子|从基础搭配到复杂句型，提升语境应用能力|

新译林8B 期末复习U5 — U8常考点梳理&练习 答案版 考点1. patiently & patient & patience词性、词义、用法 patient adj. 耐心的 → 反义词: impatient adj. 没耐心的; 不耐烦的 n. 病人 patiently adv. 耐心地 patience n. 耐心 be patient with sb. / sth. 对......有耐心 It is patient / impatient of sb. to do sth. 做某事, 某人是有耐心的/没耐心的。 【练习】 1. It is ______ of the nurse to talk to the sick children ______ when they are scared. A. patient; patiently B. patiently; patient C. impatient; patiently D. patiently; impatient 2. My brother is so ______ that he never waits in line. He has no ______ at all. A. patient; patience B. impatient; patient C. impatient; patience D. patient; impatient 3. It’s important for teachers to be patient ______ students ______ different learning speeds. A. with; of B. with; with C. to; with D. to; of 4. You need to wait __________ for your turn. (patient) 5. It is __________ of you to shout at the old man. (patient) 6. Nurses must have great __________ when looking after __________. (patient) 【答案】A C B patiently impatient patience; patients 考点2. time常考短语辨析 in time 及时 on time 准时 at the same time 同时 all the time 一直 from time to time 有时，偶尔= at times = sometimes at a time 一次 in no time 马上；立刻 once upon a time 从前 = at one time at any time 随时 at no time 从不；决不 take one’s time 不急，慢慢来 have a good time 玩得开心 【练习】 1. — Hurry up! The train is leaving. — Don't worry. We’ll get to the station ______ to catch it. A. on time B. in time C. at a time D. all the time 2. The teacher asked us to do the exercises ______, not all at once. A. at a time B. at the same time C. from time to time D. in no time 3. My grandma visits us ______, usually on weekends. A. all the time B. at no time C. from time to time D. at any time 4. — Can I ask you some questions about the project? — Sure! You can come to my office ______. A. at no time B. at any time C. in time D. on time 5. He finished the difficult math problem ______ and got the highest score in the class. A. at a time B. in no time C. all the time D. from time to time 6. It is not polite to look at your phone ______ when you are talking to others. A. all the time B. at the same time C. at a time D. take your time 【答案】 B A C B B A 考点3. when it comes to sth./ doing sth. 当谈及到...... 【练习】 1. 当谈及到赞扬时中国人表现得与英国人不同。 The Chinese ____________________ the British ___________________. 2. 当谈到公开演讲时，大多数学生一开始都会感到有点紧张。 _____________________, most students ___________________________. 【答案】1. behave differently from; when it comes to praise 2. When it comes to public speaking; feel a little nervous at first 考点4. be / get used to doing sth. & be used to do sth. & used to do sth. be / get used to sth. / doing sth. 习惯于(做)...... be used to do sth. 被用来做...... used to do sth. 过去常常做...... 【练习】 1. We are used to __________ (drink) tea after meals. 2. The knife is used __________ (cut) apples. 3. She got used to __________ (live) in the big city at last. 4. My grandpa __________ (use) to fish by the river when he was young. 【答案】1. drinking 2. to cut 3. living 4. used 考点5. advise / advice / suggest / suggestion advise v. advise sb. to do sth. / advise doing sth. 建议某人做某事/ 建议做某事 = suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. / suggest doing sth./ suggest sth. to sb. advise sb. on/about sth. 就某事给某人建议 advice n.[UN] give sb. some advice on / about sth. 给某人某方面的建议 suggestion n. [CN] = give sb. some suggestions on / about sth. 【练习】 1. Can you give me ______? I don't know what to do next. A. a piece of advice B. an advice C. some advices D. two advice 2. The headmaster suggested we ______ school rules strictly. A. follow B. follows C. following D. to follow 3. He didn’t ______ me to join the club, he just ______ it. A. advise; suggested B. suggest; advised C. advise; advise D. suggest; suggest 4. Can you offer me some useful __________ (suggest)? 5. Our English teacher often __________ (advise) us to speak English as much as possible 【答案】AAA suggestions advises 考点6. adj. / adv. + enough + to do sth. & too + adj. / adv. + to do sth. enough adj. 足够的，充足的 enough + n. adv. 足够地；充分地；十分 adj. / adv. + enough n. (不可数) 足够；充足；充分 【句型】adj. / adv. + enough + to do sth. 做某事足够...... too + adj. / adv. 太...... too + adj. / adv. + to do sth. 太......而不能做...... 【练习】 1. This story is ______ interesting ______ I read it twice. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 2. The man is strong enough __________ (carry) the heavy bag. 3. The ice is too thin __________ (skate) on. 4. We have enough time __________ (finish) our homework today. 5. He is not old enough __________ (join) the army. 6. The question is too hard for me __________ (answer). 【答案】C to carry to skate to finish to join to answer 考点7. avoid doing sth. 避免做...... 【练习】 1. The teacher warned us to avoid ______ late for class again. A. be B. to be C. being D. been 2. To avoid __________ (miss) the bus, we got up early this morning. 3. The driver avoided ________ (hit) the old man by turning left quickly. 【答案】C missing hitting 考点8. promise v./n.用法 promise sb. sth. 承诺某人某事 promise sb. to do sth. / promise that +句子 承诺某人做某事 keep a promise = keep one’s word 信守承诺 make/break a promise 做出/违背承诺 【练习】 1. My uncle promised __________ (take) me to the zoo this weekend. 2. He made a promise __________ (study) harder from now on 3. Keep your ______ and you will win others’ trust. A. promise B. promises C. word D. words 4. She promised ______ she would help me with my English. A. that B. what C. if D. whether 【答案】to take to study C A 考点9. impolite / polite / politeness / politely 【练习】 1. It is __________ (polite) to ask others about their personal problems. 2. The waiter spoke to every customer __________ (polite). 3. The children are taught to show __________ (polite) to their teachers. 4. It is __________ (polite) of him to keep others waiting for a long time. 5. She refused the bad food __________ (polite) and left the restaurant. 6. We should learn how to communicate with others __________ (polite). 【答案】impolite politely politeness impolite politely politely 考点10.allow sb. to do sth. / be allowed to do sth. allow sb. (not) to do sth. 允许某人（不）做某事 sb. be allowed (not) to do sth. 某人（不）被允许做某事 【练习】 1. My parents don’t allow me ______ out with my friends on school nights. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 2. Students ______ to bring mobile phones into the classroom. A. not allow B. are not allowed C. don’t allow D. aren’t allowing 3. The teacher allowed us __________ (take) a short rest after the long class. 4. You __________ (not allow) to eat or drink in the reading room. It’s against the rules. 【答案】B B to take aren’t allowed 考点11. trouble v. / n. 用法 trouble sb. 麻烦某人 have trouble / difficulty / problems (in) doing sth. 做......有困难 【练习】 1. Don’t trouble __________ (help) me. I can finish it myself. 2. She has no difficulty __________ (learn) to play the piano. 3. We had problems __________ (get) to the station on time because of the traffic jam. 4. He has trouble __________ (express) his ideas in English. 【答案】to help learning getting expressing 考点12. make/think/find/believe + it + adj. (for sb.) + to do sth. 【练习】 1. make it easy for big groups __________ (talk) and reach the food in the middle 2. It was impolite ______ you to make so much noise while eating yesterday. I think it necessary ______ you to learn table manners. A. of; for B. for; of C. for; for D. of; of 3. Do you think ______ important for students to do their homework and ______ on time? A. it’s; hand them in B. that; hand in them C. it’s; hand in it D. it; hand it in 4. Many students find ______ helpful to use the Internet. A. it B. its C. that D. those 【答案】to talk A D A 考点13. 反意疑问句 【练习】 1. — The secretary has already been on the way to the company, ______ she? — ______. She has been badly hurt in the accident and sent to the hospital. A. hasn’t; Yes B. hasn’t; No C. isn’t; No D. isn’t; Yes 2. He’s the only one of his family who __________ (pass) the driving test so far, __________ he? 3. — Millie has few close friends in her class, ______? — ______. She is too shy to make friends with others. A. has she; Yes, she has B. has she; No, she hasn’t C. does she; Yes, she does D. does she; No, she doesn’t 4. You __________ (eat) in the new restaurant this evening, aren’t you? 5. Don’t pick flowers in the park, ______? A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you 6. Your father used to work in the factory, ______? A. did he B. didn’t he C. does he D. usedn’t he 【答案】 1. b 2. has passed; hasn’t 3. d 4. are going to 5. will you 6. B 考点14. be about to do sth. be about to do sth. 即将/正要做某事 (不与tomorrow/soon连用) be about to do... when... 正要做某事，突然...... 【练习】 1. 我正要去上班的时候电话响了。 I ________________________________________ when the telephone rang. 2. We were about to have class ______ the teacher appeared. A. as B. when C. before D. after 【答案】 1. was about to go to work 2. B 考点15. be similar to：与......相似 【练习】 1. 中国博物馆里的规则和英国的非常相似。 The rules in ________________________________________ in the UK. 2. 你们的任务和我们的相似吗？ Is ________________________________________? 【答案】 1. Chinese museums are very similar to those 2. your task similar to ours 考点16. unless / if (如果) 引导的条件状语从句 unless 除非 (= if not) if: 如果→引导条件状语从句 (主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现) 【其它常考主讲从现标志词】 as long as; as soon as; unless 【练习】 1. 除非你不得不匆忙离开，否则不要急促就餐。 Don’t ____________________________________. 2. 除非所有人都已经吃完，否则离席是不礼貌的。 It is __________________________________________________. 3. We won’t start eating ______ everyone at the table is quiet. A. after B. before C. when D. unless 4. I __________ (承诺) to help you with your homework if you finish your math exercises first. 5. If you __________ (not be) careful next time, you will fail the exam once more. 【答案】 1. rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry 2. impolite to leave the table unless everyone has finished eating. 3. D 4. will promise 5. aren’t 考点17. until / not ...until引导的时间状语从句(主将从现；主过从过) until: (做某事)直到......为止 (只能用延续性动词) not...until... 直到某时才做某事 (既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词) 【练习】 1. — ______ will the TV play be broadcasted (播出)? — Perhaps ______ it’s reviewed successfully. A. How long; until B. When; until C. How soon; not until D. How often; not until 2. It’s a good habit we should never put off today’s work ______ tomorrow. A. after B. since C. if D. until 3. You __________ (not realize) how amazing the film is until you watch it. 【答案】C D won’t realize 考点18. voluntary / volunteer volunteer v. 自愿做, 义务做, 无偿做 n. 志愿者, 义务工作者 voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的；主动的 → adv. voluntarily volunteer to do sth. / for sth. 志愿做某事 【练习】 1. 我正在一所盲童学校做一些志愿工作。 I _____________________________ at a school for blind children. 2. 艾米已经决定在一家养老院做志愿者。 Amy ________________________________________. 3. 你想要志愿参加什么类型的组织？ What kind of organization would you like _____________________? 【答案】1. am doing some voluntary work 2. has decided to volunteer at a home for elderly people 3. to volunteer for 考点19. experience experience v. / n. 经历(可数)；经验(不可数) → adj. experienced 经验丰富的 inexperienced 经验不足的; 不熟练的 在......方面经验丰富/经验不足: be experienced / inexperienced in sth. / doing sth. have experience / no experience in sth. / doing sth. 【练习】 1. He is an __________ (experience) engineer. He can fix the machine quickly. 2. The student is __________ (experience) in public speaking, so he feels nervous. 3. She has a lot of __________ (experience) in teaching. 4. They had many exciting __________ (experience) during their trip to Africa. 【答案】experienced inexperienced experience experiences 考点20. provide & offer用法 给某人提供某物: provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 【练习】 1. The school provides students ______ free textbooks every year. A. for B. with C. to D. on 2. The kind man offered ______ the old man cross the busy street. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 3. The local government provided food and water ______ the homeless people. A. for B. with C. to D. on 4. The waiter offered us ______ a glass of cold water when we entered the restaurant. A. / B. with C. to D. for 【答案】B B A A 考点21. service / serve / serve as / be in service serve v. 服务 → n. service in service 在使用中; 在军中服役 serve as 充当; 担任 【练习】 1. 大多数政府提供各种各样的服务来帮助他们过上充实的生活。 Most governments ________________________________________. 2. 提高人们对志愿服务重要性的认识 raise people’s awareness of ________________________ 【答案】1. provide different kinds of services to help them live a full life 2. the importance of volunteer service 考点22. raise & donate 辨析 raise v. 募集; 举起, 提升, 增加; 饲养，养育 donate v. 捐赠 donation n. make a donation 捐款 donate... to... 向......捐...... raise...for... 为......筹集...... 【练习】 1. Many volunteers __________ (donate) food to the village last month. 2. We want __________ (raise) money for the sick children. 3. Thank you for your __________ (donate). It helps a lot. 4. He often __________ (donate) his pocket money to charity. 5. They are busy __________ (raise) money for the disaster area. 6. Everyone can make a __________ (donate) to help those in trouble. 【答案】donated to raise donation donates raising donation 考点23. expect用法 expect v. 期待 (= look forward to ) expected adj. 预期的; 预料的 expect to do sth. = look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事 【练习】 1. I expect __________ (have) a wonderful time at the party. 2. They are looking forward to __________ (visit) the new museum. 3. My mother expects me __________ (study) hard every day. 4. She is looking forward to __________ (hear) good news from her son. 5. We didn't expect __________ (see) him at the meeting. 6. The students are looking forward to __________ (spend) the weekend at the beach. 【答案】to have visiting to study hearing to see spending 考点24. confidence / confident confident adj. 自信的 → n. confidence 自信; 信心 对(做)某事有信心: be confident of / in sth. / doing sth. be confident that +从句 have confidence in... 对......有信心 【练习】 1. My sister feels ______ of her ability to learn English well. A. confident B. confidence C. confidently D. more confidence 2. Don’t lose ______. Everything will be all right soon. A. confident B. confidence C. confidentially D. confidents 3. He is ______ of passing the final exam because he has worked hard. A. confidence B. confident C. to be confident D. confidently 4. You need to build up ______ if you want to make speeches. A. confident B. confidence C. confidently D. more confident 5. The girl is ______ in dealing with different kinds of people. A. confidence B. confident C. confidently D. confiding 6. We have full ______ that our team will win the match. A. confident B. confidence C. confidently D. confidences 【答案】ABBBBB 考点25. give常考动词短语辨析 give up 放弃 give up sth. / doing sth. 放弃(做)某事 give out 分发(= hand out); 发出(光、热、声音等) give away 赠送, 捐赠; 泄露(秘密等) give back 归还 give in 屈服；让步；投降 【练习】 1. He decided to give up ______ because it was bad for his health. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoked 2. The teacher asked the students to give ______ the test papers after the exam. A. up B. out C. away D. back 3. She gave ______ all her money to help the poor children. A. up B. out C. away D. back 4. Please give the book ______ to the library on time. A. up B. out C. away D. back 5. He refused to give ______ even though he failed many times. A. up B. out C. away D. back 6. The sun gives ______ light and heat every day. A. up B. out C. away D. back 【答案】CBCDAB 考点26. remind用法 remind v. 提醒 remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不要)做某事 remind sb. of sth. / that+从句 提醒某人某事 【练习】 1. Remember ________ (remind) him ________ (take) his umbrella. 2. The song ________ (remind) me of my old friends now. 3. My father always reminds me ________ (not swim) alone in the river. 【答案】to remind; to take is reminding not to swim 考点27. It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. & It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 【练习】 1. 对我们来说，每天练习说英语很重要。 __________ important __________ us ____________________ English every day. 2. 对他来说，在两小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。 ____________________ him ____________________ the work in two hours. 3. 这个男孩从河里救起小女孩，他真勇敢。 ____________________ the boy ______________________________. 【答案】1. It’s; for; to practise speaking 2. It’s impossible for; to finish 3. It’s brave of; to save the little girl from the river 考点28. operate v. 手术 & operation n. operate on... / have an operation on... 给......做手术 【练习】 1. The patient will ______ by the famous doctor tomorrow. A. operate B. be operated C. operated D. be operated on 2. He had an operation ______ his heart last year. A. on B. in C. at D. for 3. The ______ on his leg was successful. A. operate B. operation C. operating D. operated 4. The doctor has operated ______ the sick boy for three hours. A. / B. to C. on D. with 【答案】DABC 考点29. support support v. / n. 支持；支撑；供养 support one’s family 养家 support (in) doing sth. 支持做某事 in support of... 支持...... supporter n. 支持者；拥护者 【练习】 1. My uncle has a large family to s__________, so he has to work hard to make more money. 2. All the teachers are ______ building a new library for students. A. support B. supporting C. in support of D. supported 3. My family always supports me in ______ my dream of becoming a doctor. A. achieve B. achieving C. to achieve D. achieved 4. The fans of the football team are all strong __________ (support) of the coach’s new plan. 【答案】1. support 2. C 3. B 4. supporters 考点30. interview / interviewer interview v. / n. 采访; 面试；会谈 interviewer n. 采访者 interviewee n. 被采访者; 应聘者 have an interview with sb. 采访某人；与某人面谈 = interview sb. interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人 【练习】 1. 医生告诉采访者，每次他做手术时，他都感到自豪。 ____________________ that he ____________________ every time he ____________________. 2. Please tell me the __________ (采访者) telephone numbers. I need to call them. 3. For the history project, we i__________ our grandparents about what life was like when they were young. 4. — Are you ready? The __________ (interview) is already outside. — OK! I’m coming. 5. The __________ (interview) have prepared a lot of questions. 【答案】1. The doctor told the interviewer; felt proud; did operations 2. interviewers’ 3. interviewed 4. interviewer 5. interviewers 考点31. aim 词性&词义&用法 aim v. / n. 目的, 目标 aimless adj. 漫无目的的 with the aim of doing sth. 旨在做某事 = aim to do sth. achieve one’s aim 达成目标 【练习】 1. The charity program aims ______ help poor children return to school. A. to B. at C. for D. with 2. She went to the library ______ the aim of finding some information about history. A. with B. for C. to D. at 3. After years of hard work, he finally ______ his aim of becoming a doctor. A. achieved B. got C. made D. won 4. The boy walked around the street ______, not knowing where to go. A. aim B. aimless C. aimlessly D. aims 5. The government aims ________ (reduce) pollution in the city. 6. They held the activity with the aim of ________ (raise) money for charity. 【答案】AAAB to reduce raising 考点32. carry on with sth. / carry on doing sth. 继续某事/ 继续做某事 【练习】 1. The teacher told us to carry on ______ the exercise after class. A. with B. to C. for D. at 2. She was very tired, but she carried on ______ for the final exam. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied 3. Even though he was hurt, he carried on ________ (run) in the race. 4. After lunch, we carried on ________ our group discussion.（用介词填空） 【答案】AC running with 考点33. be / become aware of.... 意识到...... aware adj. 意识到的; 知道的 awareness n. 意识; 察觉 raise the awareness of... 提升......的意识 【练习】 1. She became aware ______ someone was watching her in the dark. A. of B. that C. what D. which 2. The speech is meant to raise the public ______ of environmental protection. A. aware B. awareness C. unaware D. awaring 3. The school wants to raise students’ __________ (aware) of fire safety. 4. She was not __________ (aware) of the danger at that time. 【答案】B B awareness aware 考点34. separate...into... / be separated into... 【练习】 1. The children __________ (separate) into three groups to play the game yesterday. 2. We need __________ (separate) the garbage into recyclable and non-recyclable waste. 3. They separated the class into six small groups.（改为被动语态） The class __________ __________ into six small groups by them. 【答案】were separated to separate was separated 考点35. successfully / success / succeed 词性辨析&用法 succeed v. 成功 success n. successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 成功做某事: succeed in doing sth. = be successful in doing sth. = do sth. successfully = manage to do sth. 【练习】 1. They ___________ (success) in climbing the highest mountain yesterday. 2. The experiment was a great ___________ (succeed). 3. She is a ___________ (success) writer and has published many books. 4. The team was ___________ (success) in winning the championship this season. 5. He succeeded in solving the difficult math problem.（改为同义句） He was ___________ ___________ solving the difficult math problem. 6. The scientists successfully sent the satellite into space.（改为同义句） The scientists ________ ________ sending the satellite into space. 7. She managed to pass the final exam.（改为同义句） She ________ ________ passing the final exam. 【答案】succeeded success successful successful successful in succeeded in succeeded in 考点36. break常考动词短语辨析 break vt. 违犯; 违背 vi. (使) 破，裂，碎 break — broke (过去式) — broken (过去分词) break laws = be against laws 违犯法律 【break常考动词短语】 break down (机器 / 车辆) 出故障、坏掉；(身体) 垮掉; 分解; 打破(障碍) break up 分手; 解散 break out (战争、火灾、瘟疫)突然爆发【无被动】 break in 闯入; 插嘴、打断 break off 中断(谈话、工作); 折断 break through 突破(障碍等); 冲破 break away from 脱离、摆脱(束缚/组织) 【练习】 1. My car ______ on the way to school yesterday, so I was late. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke out D. broke in 2. A big fire ______ in the factory last night, but no one was hurt. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke out D. broke off 3. The two sides ______ the talk because they couldn’t reach an agreement. A. broke down B. broke off C. broke out D. broke through 4. The thief ______ the house and stole some money. A. broke away from B. broke into C. broke up D. broke out 5. The couple decided to ______ after years of fighting. A. break down B. break up C. break out D. break off 6. The soldiers managed to ______ the enemy’s defense line. A. break through B. break up C. break out D. break in 【答案】ACBBBA 考点37. 用法辨析：run out / run out of / use up：用完 【练习】 1. 这些新能源用之不竭，所以它们将被广泛地使用。 These new types of energy _____________________ so they ____________________. 2. — The oil on our earth will ______ some day. — I think so. We should make good use of it. A. run out B. put out C. break out D. hand out 3. My mother plans everything well in the kitchen. She always does some shopping before the food ______. A. gives out B. runs out C. goes out D. comes out 【答案】1. never run out; will be used widely 2. A 3. B 考点38. make a difference to sth. / doing sth. 【练习】 1. What you do will make a __________ (different) to others. 2. My lifestyle is __________ (difference) from yours. 3. He thinks __________ (different) from most students in his class. 4. Reading more books makes a great difference to __________ (improve) your writing. 5. It won’t make much __________ (different) whether you go now or later. 6. Everyone can do something __________ (make) a difference to our school. 【答案】difference different differently improving difference to make 考点39. cause v. / n. v. 引起; 导致 = lead to n. 原因; 理由 the cause of... = the reason for... ......的原因 【练习】 1. The heavy rain ______ the river to rise quickly last night. A. caused B. reason C. lead D. got 2. We don’t know the ______ of the accident yet. A. cause B. reason C. because D. lead 3. What ______ you to change your mind at the last minute? A. cause B. caused C. reason D. led 4. The main ______ for his success is his hard work. A. cause B. reason C. because D. lead 5. The fire was caused ______ a careless smoker. A. by B. for C. of D. to 【答案】AABBA 考点40. affect & effect词性辨析&词汇用法 affect v. 影响 → n. effect affect sb. 影响某人 have an effect / influence on sb. / sth. 对某人/某事有影响 【练习】 1. The heavy rain __________ (affect) the football match last weekend. 2. The movie has a strong __________ (affect) on teenagers. 3. Stress can __________ (affect) your sleep if you don’t relax. 4. The new policy will have a good __________ (effect) on the economy. 【答案】affected effect affect effect 考点41. damage v. / n. 损坏; 损害 do / cause damage to ... 对......造成损坏/损害 damage sth. 损坏...... 【练习】 1. Too much noise can ______ damage to your hearing. A. make B. do C. take D. get 2. Pollution has done great ______ to the environment. A. damage B. damages C. harming D. destroying 3. The flood ______ most of the crops in the fields last summer. A. damage B. damaged C. do damage D. cause damage 4. The storm ___________ (damage) many trees in the park last week. 5. Smoking can cause great ____________ (damage) to your lungs. 【答案】BAB damaged damage 考点42. electronic & electricity adj.词义辨析 【练习】 1. We must save __________ (electric) every day. 2. Edison invented the __________ (electric) light many years ago. 3. Playing too many __________ (electron) games is bad for your eyes. 【答案】electricity electric electronic 考点43. hard & hardly词义辨析 【练习】 1. Though he studies ______, he can ______ pass the English exam. A. hard; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hardly; hard 2. Look! The players are running ______ on the playground. A. hard B. hardly C. fastly D. hardly ever 3. It rained ______ last night, so the ground is all wet now. A. hard B. hardly C. heavy D. heavily 【答案】CAD 考点44. act to do sth. = take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 【练习】 1. We must take action _________ (help) the poor children. 2. The government _________ (take) action to improve air quality last year. 3. It’s time for us _________ (act) to protect our planet. 4. They are _________ (take) action to build a new park in the city. 5. If you don’t _________ (act) soon, you will miss the chance. 【答案】to help took to act taking act 考点45. require用法 require v. 需要; 依靠→ n. requirement 需要; 要求 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 sb. be required to do sth. 某人被要求做某事 【拓展】 require that ... (should) do... 要求......应该做...... require doing sth. = sth. require to be done 某事需要被做 【练习】 1. The teacher requires all students ______ on time for class. A. arrive B. to arrive C. arriving D. arrived 2. We ______ to wear school uniforms at school. A. require B. required C. are required D. are requiring 3. The old house requires ______ at once. A. repair B. repairing C. to repair D. repaired 4. The school requires students ______ mobile phones into the classroom. A. not bring B. not to bring C. don’t bring D. not bringing 5. The meeting requires all members ______ on time. A. be B. to be C. being D. been 【答案】BCBBB 考点46. afford afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事 【练习】 1. The charity is trying to help those who can’t __________ ( have enough money to pay for something) medical treatment(治疗). 2. Mr Brown couldn’t afford __________ (buy) a new car because he was poor. 3. — The dress looks beautiful. Is it expensive? — Yes. I can’t ______ it. A. afford B. cost C. spend D. pay 4. 他们无法承担如此昂贵的手术。 They ________________________________________. 【答案】1.afford 2. to buy 3. A 4. can’t afford such an expensive operation 考点47. 被动语态 【练习】 1. The classroom ______ by students every day. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 2. The letter ______ to the boss yesterday. A. sent B. is sent C. was sent D. will be sent 3. A new library ______ in our school next year. A. builds B. is built C. will build D. will be built 4. The children ______ to the party last night. A. invite B. invited C. are invited D. were invited 5. This kind of cloth ______ soft. A. feels B. is felt C. feel D. is feeling 6. The old man ______ cross the road by the boy just now. A. was helped to B. was helped C. helped D. was helping to 7. The accident ______ on a rainy morning last week. A. happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happen 8. The students ______ not to touch the exhibits in the museum. A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told 9. The problem ______ at the meeting tomorrow. A. will discuss B. will be discussed C. discusses D. is discussed 10. The music ______ beautiful. A. sounds B. is sounded C. sound D. is sounding 11. The bike ______ by my father yesterday afternoon. A. repaired B. was repaired C. repairs D. is repaired 【答案】CCDDA AACBA B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新译林8B 期末复习U5 — U8常考点梳理&练习 练习版 考点1. patiently & patient & patience词性、词义、用法 patient adj. 耐心的 → 反义词: impatient adj. 没耐心的; 不耐烦的 n. 病人 patiently adv. 耐心地 patience n. 耐心 be patient with sb. / sth. 对......有耐心 It is patient / impatient of sb. to do sth. 做某事, 某人是有耐心的/没耐心的。 【练习】 1. It is ______ of the nurse to talk to the sick children ______ when they are scared. A. patient; patiently B. patiently; patient C. impatient; patiently D. patiently; impatient 2. My brother is so ______ that he never waits in line. He has no ______ at all. A. patient; patience B. impatient; patient C. impatient; patience D. patient; impatient 3. It’s important for teachers to be patient ______ students ______ different learning speeds. A. with; of B. with; with C. to; with D. to; of 4. You need to wait __________ for your turn. (patient) 5. It is __________ of you to shout at the old man. (patient) 6. Nurses must have great __________ when looking after __________. (patient) 考点2. time常考短语辨析 in time 及时 on time 准时 at the same time 同时 all the time 一直 from time to time 有时，偶尔= at times = sometimes at a time 一次 in no time 马上；立刻 once upon a time 从前 = at one time at any time 随时 at no time 从不；决不 take one’s time 不急，慢慢来 have a good time 玩得开心 【练习】 1. — Hurry up! The train is leaving. — Don't worry. We’ll get to the station ______ to catch it. A. on time B. in time C. at a time D. all the time 2. The teacher asked us to do the exercises ______, not all at once. A. at a time B. at the same time C. from time to time D. in no time 3. My grandma visits us ______, usually on weekends. A. all the time B. at no time C. from time to time D. at any time 4. — Can I ask you some questions about the project? — Sure! You can come to my office ______. A. at no time B. at any time C. in time D. on time 5. He finished the difficult math problem ______ and got the highest score in the class. A. at a time B. in no time C. all the time D. from time to time 6. It is not polite to look at your phone ______ when you are talking to others. A. all the time B. at the same time C. at a time D. take your time 考点3. when it comes to sth./ doing sth. 当谈及到...... 【练习】 1. 当谈及到赞扬时中国人表现得与英国人不同。 The Chinese ____________________ the British ___________________. 2. 当谈到公开演讲时，大多数学生一开始都会感到有点紧张。 _____________________, most students ___________________________. 考点4. be / get used to doing sth. & be used to do sth. & used to do sth. be / get used to sth. / doing sth. 习惯于(做)...... be used to do sth. 被用来做...... used to do sth. 过去常常做...... 【练习】 1. We are used to __________ (drink) tea after meals. 2. The knife is used __________ (cut) apples. 3. She got used to __________ (live) in the big city at last. 4. My grandpa __________ (use) to fish by the river when he was young. 考点5. advise / advice / suggest / suggestion advise v. advise sb. to do sth. / advise doing sth. 建议某人做某事/ 建议做某事 = suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. / suggest doing sth./ suggest sth. to sb. advise sb. on/about sth. 就某事给某人建议 advice n.[UN] give sb. some advice on / about sth. 给某人某方面的建议 suggestion n. [CN] = give sb. some suggestions on / about sth. 【练习】 1. Can you give me ______? I don't know what to do next. A. a piece of advice B. an advice C. some advices D. two advice 2. The headmaster suggested we ______ school rules strictly. A. follow B. follows C. following D. to follow 3. He didn’t ______ me to join the club, he just ______ it. A. advise; suggested B. suggest; advised C. advise; advise D. suggest; suggest 4. Can you offer me some useful __________ (suggest)? 5. Our English teacher often __________ (advise) us to speak English as much as possible 考点6. adj. / adv. + enough + to do sth. & too + adj. / adv. + to do sth. enough adj. 足够的，充足的 enough + n. adv. 足够地；充分地；十分 adj. / adv. + enough n. (不可数) 足够；充足；充分 【句型】adj. / adv. + enough + to do sth. 做某事足够...... too + adj. / adv. 太...... too + adj. / adv. + to do sth. 太......而不能做...... 【练习】 1. This story is ______ interesting ______ I read it twice. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 2. The man is strong enough __________ (carry) the heavy bag. 3. The ice is too thin __________ (skate) on. 4. We have enough time __________ (finish) our homework today. 5. He is not old enough __________ (join) the army. 6. The question is too hard for me __________ (answer). 考点7. avoid doing sth. 避免做...... 【练习】 1. The teacher warned us to avoid ______ late for class again. A. be B. to be C. being D. been 2. To avoid __________ (miss) the bus, we got up early this morning. 3. The driver avoided ________ (hit) the old man by turning left quickly. 考点8. promise v./n.用法 promise sb. sth. 承诺某人某事 promise sb. to do sth. / promise that +句子 承诺某人做某事 keep a promise = keep one’s word 信守承诺 make/break a promise 做出/违背承诺 【练习】 1. My uncle promised __________ (take) me to the zoo this weekend. 2. He made a promise __________ (study) harder from now on 3. Keep your ______ and you will win others’ trust. A. promise B. promises C. word D. words 4. She promised ______ she would help me with my English. A. that B. what C. if D. whether 考点9. impolite / polite / politeness / politely 【练习】 1. It is __________ (polite) to ask others about their personal problems. 2. The waiter spoke to every customer __________ (polite). 3. The children are taught to show __________ (polite) to their teachers. 4. It is __________ (polite) of him to keep others waiting for a long time. 5. She refused the bad food __________ (polite) and left the restaurant. 6. We should learn how to communicate with others __________ (polite). 考点10.allow sb. to do sth. / be allowed to do sth. allow sb. (not) to do sth. 允许某人（不）做某事 sb. be allowed (not) to do sth. 某人（不）被允许做某事 【练习】 1. My parents don’t allow me ______ out with my friends on school nights. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 2. Students ______ to bring mobile phones into the classroom. A. not allow B. are not allowed C. don’t allow D. aren’t allowing 3. The teacher allowed us __________ (take) a short rest after the long class. 4. You __________ (not allow) to eat or drink in the reading room. It’s against the rules. 考点11. trouble v. / n. 用法 trouble sb. 麻烦某人 have trouble / difficulty / problems (in) doing sth. 做......有困难 【练习】 1. Don’t trouble __________ (help) me. I can finish it myself. 2. She has no difficulty __________ (learn) to play the piano. 3. We had problems __________ (get) to the station on time because of the traffic jam. 4. He has trouble __________ (express) his ideas in English. 考点12. make/think/find/believe + it + adj. (for sb.) + to do sth. 【练习】 1. make it easy for big groups __________ (talk) and reach the food in the middle 2. It was impolite ______ you to make so much noise while eating yesterday. I think it necessary ______ you to learn table manners. A. of; for B. for; of C. for; for D. of; of 3. Do you think ______ important for students to do their homework and ______ on time? A. it’s; hand them in B. that; hand in them C. it’s; hand in it D. it; hand it in 4. Many students find ______ helpful to use the Internet. A. it B. its C. that D. those 考点13. 反意疑问句 【练习】 1. — The secretary has already been on the way to the company, ______ she? — ______. She has been badly hurt in the accident and sent to the hospital. A. hasn’t; Yes B. hasn’t; No C. isn’t; No D. isn’t; Yes 2. He’s the only one of his family who __________ (pass) the driving test so far, __________ he? 3. — Millie has few close friends in her class, ______? — ______. She is too shy to make friends with others. A. has she; Yes, she has B. has she; No, she hasn’t C. does she; Yes, she does D. does she; No, she doesn’t 4. You __________ (eat) in the new restaurant this evening, aren’t you? 5. Don’t pick flowers in the park, ______? A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you 6. Your father used to work in the factory, ______? A. did he B. didn’t he C. does he D. usedn’t he 考点14. be about to do sth. be about to do sth. 即将/正要做某事 (不与tomorrow/soon连用) be about to do... when... 正要做某事，突然...... 【练习】 1. 我正要去上班的时候电话响了。 I ________________________________________ when the telephone rang. 2. We were about to have class ______ the teacher appeared. A. as B. when C. before D. after 考点15. be similar to：与......相似 【练习】 1. 中国博物馆里的规则和英国的非常相似。 The rules in ________________________________________ in the UK. 2. 你们的任务和我们的相似吗？ Is ________________________________________? 考点16. unless / if (如果) 引导的条件状语从句 unless 除非 (= if not) if: 如果→引导条件状语从句 (主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现) 【其它常考主讲从现标志词】 as long as; as soon as; unless 【练习】 1. 除非你不得不匆忙离开，否则不要急促就餐。 Don’t ____________________________________. 2. 除非所有人都已经吃完，否则离席是不礼貌的。 It is __________________________________________________. 3. We won’t start eating ______ everyone at the table is quiet. A. after B. before C. when D. unless 4. I __________ (承诺) to help you with your homework if you finish your math exercises first. 5. If you __________ (not be) careful next time, you will fail the exam once more. 考点17. until / not ...until引导的时间状语从句(主将从现；主过从过) until: (做某事)直到......为止 (只能用延续性动词) not...until... 直到某时才做某事 (既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词) 【练习】 1. — ______ will the TV play be broadcasted (播出)? — Perhaps ______ it’s reviewed successfully. A. How long; until B. When; until C. How soon; not until D. How often; not until 2. It’s a good habit we should never put off today’s work ______ tomorrow. A. after B. since C. if D. until 3. You __________ (not realize) how amazing the film is until you watch it. 考点18. voluntary / volunteer volunteer v. 自愿做, 义务做, 无偿做 n. 志愿者, 义务工作者 voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的；主动的 → adv. voluntarily volunteer to do sth. / for sth. 志愿做某事 【练习】 1. 我正在一所盲童学校做一些志愿工作。 I _____________________________ at a school for blind children. 2. 艾米已经决定在一家养老院做志愿者。 Amy ________________________________________. 3. 你想要志愿参加什么类型的组织？ What kind of organization would you like _____________________? 考点19. experience experience v. / n. 经历(可数)；经验(不可数) → adj. experienced 经验丰富的 inexperienced 经验不足的; 不熟练的 在......方面经验丰富/经验不足: be experienced / inexperienced in sth. / doing sth. have experience / no experience in sth. / doing sth. 【练习】 1. He is an __________ (experience) engineer. He can fix the machine quickly. 2. The student is __________ (experience) in public speaking, so he feels nervous. 3. She has a lot of __________ (experience) in teaching. 4. They had many exciting __________ (experience) during their trip to Africa. 考点20. provide & offer用法 给某人提供某物: provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 【练习】 1. The school provides students ______ free textbooks every year. A. for B. with C. to D. on 2. The kind man offered ______ the old man cross the busy street. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 3. The local government provided food and water ______ the homeless people. A. for B. with C. to D. on 4. The waiter offered us ______ a glass of cold water when we entered the restaurant. A. / B. with C. to D. for 考点21. service / serve / serve as / be in service serve v. 服务 → n. service in service 在使用中; 在军中服役 serve as 充当; 担任 【练习】 1. 大多数政府提供各种各样的服务来帮助他们过上充实的生活。 Most governments ________________________________________. 2. 提高人们对志愿服务重要性的认识 raise people’s awareness of ________________________ 考点22. raise & donate 辨析 raise v. 募集; 举起, 提升, 增加; 饲养，养育 donate v. 捐赠 donation n. make a donation 捐款 donate... to... 向......捐...... raise...for... 为......筹集...... 【练习】 1. Many volunteers __________ (donate) food to the village last month. 2. We want __________ (raise) money for the sick children. 3. Thank you for your __________ (donate). It helps a lot. 4. He often __________ (donate) his pocket money to charity. 5. They are busy __________ (raise) money for the disaster area. 6. Everyone can make a __________ (donate) to help those in trouble. 考点23. expect用法 expect v. 期待 (= look forward to ) expected adj. 预期的; 预料的 expect to do sth. = look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事 【练习】 1. I expect __________ (have) a wonderful time at the party. 2. They are looking forward to __________ (visit) the new museum. 3. My mother expects me __________ (study) hard every day. 4. She is looking forward to __________ (hear) good news from her son. 5. We didn't expect __________ (see) him at the meeting. 6. The students are looking forward to __________ (spend) the weekend at the beach. 考点24. confidence / confident confident adj. 自信的 → n. confidence 自信; 信心 对(做)某事有信心: be confident of / in sth. / doing sth. be confident that +从句 have confidence in... 对......有信心 【练习】 1. My sister feels ______ of her ability to learn English well. A. confident B. confidence C. confidently D. more confidence 2. Don’t lose ______. Everything will be all right soon. A. confident B. confidence C. confidentially D. confidents 3. He is ______ of passing the final exam because he has worked hard. A. confidence B. confident C. to be confident D. confidently 4. You need to build up ______ if you want to make speeches. A. confident B. confidence C. confidently D. more confident 5. The girl is ______ in dealing with different kinds of people. A. confidence B. confident C. confidently D. confiding 6. We have full ______ that our team will win the match. A. confident B. confidence C. confidently D. confidences 考点25. give常考动词短语辨析 give up 放弃 give up sth. / doing sth. 放弃(做)某事 give out 分发(= hand out); 发出(光、热、声音等) give away 赠送, 捐赠; 泄露(秘密等) give back 归还 give in 屈服；让步；投降 【练习】 1. He decided to give up ______ because it was bad for his health. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoked 2. The teacher asked the students to give ______ the test papers after the exam. A. up B. out C. away D. back 3. She gave ______ all her money to help the poor children. A. up B. out C. away D. back 4. Please give the book ______ to the library on time. A. up B. out C. away D. back 5. He refused to give ______ even though he failed many times. A. up B. out C. away D. back 6. The sun gives ______ light and heat every day. A. up B. out C. away D. back 考点26. remind用法 remind v. 提醒 remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不要)做某事 remind sb. of sth. / that+从句 提醒某人某事 【练习】 1. Remember ________ (remind) him ________ (take) his umbrella. 2. The song ________ (remind) me of my old friends now. 3. My father always reminds me ________ (not swim) alone in the river. 【答案】to remind; to take is reminding not to swim 考点27. It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. & It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 【练习】 1. 对我们来说，每天练习说英语很重要。 __________ important __________ us ____________________ English every day. 2. 对他来说，在两小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。 ____________________ him ____________________ the work in two hours. 3. 这个男孩从河里救起小女孩，他真勇敢。 ____________________ the boy ______________________________. 考点28. operate v. 手术 & operation n. operate on... / have an operation on... 给......做手术 【练习】 1. The patient will ______ by the famous doctor tomorrow. A. operate B. be operated C. operated D. be operated on 2. He had an operation ______ his heart last year. A. on B. in C. at D. for 3. The ______ on his leg was successful. A. operate B. operation C. operating D. operated 4. The doctor has operated ______ the sick boy for three hours. A. / B. to C. on D. with 考点29. support support v. / n. 支持；支撑；供养 support one’s family 养家 support (in) doing sth. 支持做某事 in support of... 支持...... supporter n. 支持者；拥护者 【练习】 1. My uncle has a large family to s__________, so he has to work hard to make more money. 2. All the teachers are ______ building a new library for students. A. support B. supporting C. in support of D. supported 3. My family always supports me in ______ my dream of becoming a doctor. A. achieve B. achieving C. to achieve D. achieved 4. The fans of the football team are all strong __________ (support) of the coach’s new plan. 考点30. interview / interviewer interview v. / n. 采访; 面试；会谈 interviewer n. 采访者 interviewee n. 被采访者; 应聘者 have an interview with sb. 采访某人；与某人面谈 = interview sb. interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人 【练习】 1. 医生告诉采访者，每次他做手术时，他都感到自豪。 ____________________ that he ____________________ every time he ____________________. 2. Please tell me the __________ (采访者) telephone numbers. I need to call them. 3. For the history project, we i__________ our grandparents about what life was like when they were young. 4. — Are you ready? The __________ (interview) is already outside. — OK! I’m coming. 5. The __________ (interview) have prepared a lot of questions. 考点31. aim 词性&词义&用法 aim v. / n. 目的, 目标 aimless adj. 漫无目的的 with the aim of doing sth. 旨在做某事 = aim to do sth. achieve one’s aim 达成目标 【练习】 1. The charity program aims ______ help poor children return to school. A. to B. at C. for D. with 2. She went to the library ______ the aim of finding some information about history. A. with B. for C. to D. at 3. After years of hard work, he finally ______ his aim of becoming a doctor. A. achieved B. got C. made D. won 4. The boy walked around the street ______, not knowing where to go. A. aim B. aimless C. aimlessly D. aims 5. The government aims ________ (reduce) pollution in the city. 6. They held the activity with the aim of ________ (raise) money for charity. 考点32. carry on with sth. / carry on doing sth. 继续某事/ 继续做某事 【练习】 1. The teacher told us to carry on ______ the exercise after class. A. with B. to C. for D. at 2. She was very tired, but she carried on ______ for the final exam. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied 3. Even though he was hurt, he carried on ________ (run) in the race. 4. After lunch, we carried on ________ our group discussion.（用介词填空） 考点33. be / become aware of.... 意识到...... aware adj. 意识到的; 知道的 awareness n. 意识; 察觉 raise the awareness of... 提升......的意识 【练习】 1. She became aware ______ someone was watching her in the dark. A. of B. that C. what D. which 2. The speech is meant to raise the public ______ of environmental protection. A. aware B. awareness C. unaware D. awaring 3. The school wants to raise students’ __________ (aware) of fire safety. 4. She was not __________ (aware) of the danger at that time. 考点34. separate...into... / be separated into... 【练习】 1. The children __________ (separate) into three groups to play the game yesterday. 2. We need __________ (separate) the garbage into recyclable and non-recyclable waste. 3. They separated the class into six small groups.（改为被动语态） The class __________ __________ into six small groups by them. 考点35. successfully / success / succeed 词性辨析&用法 succeed v. 成功 success n. successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 成功做某事: succeed in doing sth. = be successful in doing sth. = do sth. successfully = manage to do sth. 【练习】 1. They ___________ (success) in climbing the highest mountain yesterday. 2. The experiment was a great ___________ (succeed). 3. She is a ___________ (success) writer and has published many books. 4. The team was ___________ (success) in winning the championship this season. 5. He succeeded in solving the difficult math problem.（改为同义句） He was ___________ ___________ solving the difficult math problem. 6. The scientists successfully sent the satellite into space.（改为同义句） The scientists ________ ________ sending the satellite into space. 7. She managed to pass the final exam.（改为同义句） She ________ ________ passing the final exam. 考点36. break常考动词短语辨析 break vt. 违犯; 违背 vi. (使) 破，裂，碎 break — broke (过去式) — broken (过去分词) break laws = be against laws 违犯法律 【break常考动词短语】 break down (机器 / 车辆) 出故障、坏掉；(身体) 垮掉; 分解; 打破(障碍) break up 分手; 解散 break out (战争、火灾、瘟疫)突然爆发【无被动】 break in 闯入; 插嘴、打断 break off 中断(谈话、工作); 折断 break through 突破(障碍等); 冲破 break away from 脱离、摆脱(束缚/组织) 【练习】 1. My car ______ on the way to school yesterday, so I was late. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke out D. broke in 2. A big fire ______ in the factory last night, but no one was hurt. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke out D. broke off 3. The two sides ______ the talk because they couldn’t reach an agreement. A. broke down B. broke off C. broke out D. broke through 4. The thief ______ the house and stole some money. A. broke away from B. broke into C. broke up D. broke out 5. The couple decided to ______ after years of fighting. A. break down B. break up C. break out D. break off 6. The soldiers managed to ______ the enemy’s defense line. A. break through B. break up C. break out D. break in 考点37. 用法辨析：run out / run out of / use up：用完 【练习】 1. 这些新能源用之不竭，所以它们将被广泛地使用。 These new types of energy _____________________ so they ____________________. 2. — The oil on our earth will ______ some day. — I think so. We should make good use of it. A. run out B. put out C. break out D. hand out 3. My mother plans everything well in the kitchen. She always does some shopping before the food ______. A. gives out B. runs out C. goes out D. comes out 考点38. make a difference to sth. / doing sth. 【练习】 1. What you do will make a __________ (different) to others. 2. My lifestyle is __________ (difference) from yours. 3. He thinks __________ (different) from most students in his class. 4. Reading more books makes a great difference to __________ (improve) your writing. 5. It won’t make much __________ (different) whether you go now or later. 6. Everyone can do something __________ (make) a difference to our school. 考点39. cause v. / n. v. 引起; 导致 = lead to n. 原因; 理由 the cause of... = the reason for... ......的原因 【练习】 1. The heavy rain ______ the river to rise quickly last night. A. caused B. reason C. lead D. got 2. We don’t know the ______ of the accident yet. A. cause B. reason C. because D. lead 3. What ______ you to change your mind at the last minute? A. cause B. caused C. reason D. led 4. The main ______ for his success is his hard work. A. cause B. reason C. because D. lead 5. The fire was caused ______ a careless smoker. A. by B. for C. of D. to 考点40. affect & effect词性辨析&词汇用法 affect v. 影响 → n. effect affect sb. 影响某人 have an effect / influence on sb. / sth. 对某人/某事有影响 【练习】 1. The heavy rain __________ (affect) the football match last weekend. 2. The movie has a strong __________ (affect) on teenagers. 3. Stress can __________ (affect) your sleep if you don’t relax. 4. The new policy will have a good __________ (effect) on the economy. 考点41. damage v. / n. 损坏; 损害 do / cause damage to ... 对......造成损坏/损害 damage sth. 损坏...... 【练习】 1. Too much noise can ______ damage to your hearing. A. make B. do C. take D. get 2. Pollution has done great ______ to the environment. A. damage B. damages C. harming D. destroying 3. The flood ______ most of the crops in the fields last summer. A. damage B. damaged C. do damage D. cause damage 4. The storm ___________ (damage) many trees in the park last week. 5. Smoking can cause great ____________ (damage) to your lungs. 考点42. electronic & electricity adj.词义辨析 【练习】 1. We must save __________ (electric) every day. 2. Edison invented the __________ (electric) light many years ago. 3. Playing too many __________ (electron) games is bad for your eyes. 考点43. hard & hardly词义辨析 【练习】 1. Though he studies ______, he can ______ pass the English exam. A. hard; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hardly; hard 2. Look! The players are running ______ on the playground. A. hard B. hardly C. fastly D. hardly ever 3. It rained ______ last night, so the ground is all wet now. A. hard B. hardly C. heavy D. heavily 考点44. act to do sth. = take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 【练习】 1. We must take action _________ (help) the poor children. 2. The government _________ (take) action to improve air quality last year. 3. It’s time for us _________ (act) to protect our planet. 4. They are _________ (take) action to build a new park in the city. 5. If you don’t _________ (act) soon, you will miss the chance. 考点45. require用法 require v. 需要; 依靠→ n. requirement 需要; 要求 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 sb. be required to do sth. 某人被要求做某事 【拓展】 require that ... (should) do... 要求......应该做...... require doing sth. = sth. require to be done 某事需要被做 【练习】 1. The teacher requires all students ______ on time for class. A. arrive B. to arrive C. arriving D. arrived 2. We ______ to wear school uniforms at school. A. require B. required C. are required D. are requiring 3. The old house requires ______ at once. A. repair B. repairing C. to repair D. repaired 4. The school requires students ______ mobile phones into the classroom. A. not bring B. not to bring C. don’t bring D. not bringing 5. The meeting requires all members ______ on time. A. be B. to be C. being D. been 考点46. afford afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事 【练习】 1. The charity is trying to help those who can’t __________ ( have enough money to pay for something) medical treatment(治疗). 2. Mr Brown couldn’t afford __________ (buy) a new car because he was poor. 3. — The dress looks beautiful. Is it expensive? — Yes. I can’t ______ it. A. afford B. cost C. spend D. pay 4. 他们无法承担如此昂贵的手术。 They ________________________________________. 考点47. 被动语态 【练习】 1. The classroom ______ by students every day. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 2. The letter ______ to the boss yesterday. A. sent B. is sent C. was sent D. will be sent 3. A new library ______ in our school next year. A. builds B. is built C. will build D. will be built 4. The children ______ to the party last night. A. invite B. invited C. are invited D. were invited 5. This kind of cloth ______ soft. A. feels B. is felt C. feel D. is feeling 6. The old man ______ cross the road by the boy just now. A. was helped to B. was helped C. helped D. was helping to 7. The accident ______ on a rainy morning last week. A. happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happen 8. The students ______ not to touch the exhibits in the museum. A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told 9. The problem ______ at the meeting tomorrow. A. will discuss B. will be discussed C. discusses D. is discussed 10. The music ______ beautiful. A. sounds B. is sounded C. sound D. is sounding 11. The bike ______ by my father yesterday afternoon. A. repaired B. was repaired C. repairs D. is repaired 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $