Unit 2 Natural disasters 专题小作文 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版必修第三册

该高中英语单元知识清单聚焦“Natural disasters”主题，系统涵盖新闻报道（火灾/地震演练、博物馆参观等）、书面通知、电子邮件、安全指南等8类写作任务，按写作类型分类呈现范文、话题词汇、句式拓展及高分句型，搭建从基础表达到高阶写作的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“话题词汇替换”“高分句型标注”“简单句变复合句”等特色设计构建知识体系，如将“teach”替换为“instruct”提升表达精度，用“Not only...but also...”倒装句标注高分句型，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。“话题句式拓展”实例（原句与复合句对比）帮助学生掌握句式转换技巧，不同基础学生可高效学习，教师可据此设计分层教学活动，提升课堂实效。

B3U2 Natural disasters 1.新闻报道-紧急逃生演练 【火灾】为了增强学生的安全防范意识，今天上午你校组织了紧急逃生疏散演练活动。假定你是李华，请你给校英文广播站写一篇相关的新闻报道。 内容包括:1. 活动目的；2. 活动流程；3. 活动感受。 参考词汇：疏散演练 evacuation drill Evacuation drill In order to enhance the security awareness of our students and teach them what to do when a fire or an emergency happens, a fire evacuation drill was held by our school this morning. At half past nine o'clock am, we heard the alarm. Instructed by some teachers in charge, we rushed to the appointed areas in order. Afterwards, we followed the messages on the air to head for the safe place. On arriving at the playground, we stood in line. Our headmaster made a summary, attaching great importance to safety. Not only did the drill increase our knowledge of protecting ourselves in the face of emergencies, a fire in particular, but also provided a precious opportunity to deal with them. ★话题词汇 指导：teach→instruct 之后：after that→afterwards 重视：pay attention to→attach great importance to 重要的：the named places→the appointed areas ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句：Our school held a fire evacuation drill this morning in order to enhance the security awareness of our students and teach them practical skills. 拓展句：In order to enhance the security awareness of our students and teach them what to do when a fire or an emergency happens, a fire evacuation drill was held by our school this morning. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】Instructed by some teachers in charge, we rushed to the appointed areas in order. （运用了过去分词instructed作状语） 【高分句型2】Not only did the drill increase our knowledge of protecting ourselves in the face of emergencies, a fire in particular, but also provided a precious opportunity to deal with them.（运用了not only引导的倒装句） 2.新闻报道-地震疏散逃生演练 【地震】【2026河南名校联考】上周五你校组织了地震疏散逃生演练。请你为校英文网站写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动介绍； 2.活动反响。 注意:1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 An Earthquake Evacuation Exercise Our school organized an earthquake evacuation exercise last Friday to test the preparedness of students and teachers. At the sound of the alarm, signaling the need for immediate action, students followed teachers’ instructions and evacuated the building calmly. Everyone was guided to the assembly area outside the school. The exercise was met with positive feedback from the students, who felt more prepared for future emergencies. Many expressed that the exercise helped reduce fear and uncertainty. Overall, the event was an important step toward ensuring everyone’s safety in the event of an earthquake. ★话题词汇 标志：signal→indicate 需求：need→requirement 立即的：immediate→instant 重要的：important→significant ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句：Our school organized an earthquake evacuation exercise last Friday to test the preparedness of students and teachers. 拓展句：Last Friday, our school organized an earthquake evacuation exercise, which was intended to test the preparedness of students and teachers. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】 At the sound of the alarm, signaling the need for immediate action, students followed teachers’ instructions and evacuated the building calmly. （运用了现在分词signaling作状语） 【高分句型2】The exercise was met with positive feedback from the students, who felt more prepared for future emergencies. （运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 3.新闻报道-地震演练活动 【地震】假定你是学校英语校报记者李华。上周五学校举办了地震演练活动。请为校报撰写一篇题为“Campus Earthquake Drill”的英文新闻报道分享此次活动，内容包括： (1) 活动内容； (2) 活动反响。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 提示词：drill演练 Campus Earthquake Drill Last Friday, our school held an earthquake drill to raise safety awareness and improve emergency response skills. When the alarm sounded, teachers and students first sheltered under their desks, then evacuated to the playground in an orderly manner, with their hands covering their heads. Shortly afterwards, experts shared earthquake safety information and demonstrated self-rescue techniques. The drill turned theoretical knowledge into life-saving practice, making every participant more prepared and confident. Students said the experience was very meaningful, as it helped ease earthquake-related anxiety and turn safety tips into muscle memory. ★话题词汇 意识：awareness→consciousness 提高：improve→sharpen, enhance 展示：demonstrate→exhibit, showcase 把A变成B：turn A into B→change A into B, transform A into B ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句：The drill turned theoretical knowledge into life-saving practice, making every participant more prepared and confident. 拓展句：The drill, which turned theoretical knowledge into life-saving practice, made every participant more prepared and confident. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】When the alarm sounded, teachers and students first sheltered under their desks, then evacuated to the playground in an orderly manner, with their hands covering their heads. (运用了When引导时间状语从句、with复合结构作状语) 【高分句型2】Students said the experience was very meaningful, as it helped ease earthquake-related anxiety and turned safety tips into muscle memory. (运用了that引导宾语从句并被省略、as引导原因状语从句) 4.新闻报道-防震知识讲座 【地震】【2026武昌实验高一期末检测】假设你是学生李华，上周五你校邀请专家来校做了一场有关防震知识讲座，请你给学校英语报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括以下要点： 1．讲座内容；2．讲座意义；注意：1．词数80词左右；2．可适当增加细节使行文连贯。 A Report on How to Survive in an Earthquake Last Friday, our school invited Dr. Zhang, a famous earthquake safety expert, to deliver an informative lecture on earthquake preparedness and survival skills. Dr. Zhang explained what to do before, during, and after an earthquake. He emphasized the importance of staying calm, taking cover under sturdy furniture, and avoiding windows or elevators. Through vivid videos and real-life examples, he made the knowledge easy to understand and remember. The lecture greatly raised our awareness of disaster prevention and equipped us with practical life-saving skills. Many students said they would share what they learned with their families. ★话题词汇 著名的：famous → renowned 强调：stress→ emphasize 提高：raise → enhance 记住：remember → memorize ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句：He emphasized the importance of staying calm, taking cover under sturdy furniture, and avoiding windows or elevators. 拓展句：He emphasized that we should stay calm, take cover under sturdy furniture, and avoid windows or elevators. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】Dr. Zhang explained what to do before, during, and after an earthquake.（运用了“疑问词+to do”结构作宾语） 【高分句型2】Many students said they would share what they learned with their families.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 5.新闻报道-自然灾害博物馆参观 【自然灾害】上周五你校组织学生参观了自然灾害博物馆（Natural Disaster Museum）。请你用英文为校微信公众号写一篇新闻报道介绍该活动，内容包括： (1)活动目的； (2)活动内容； (3)活动反响。 注意：写作词数应为80左右； 参考词汇：exhibition halls展厅，documentary纪录片；earthquake simulations地震模拟 A visit to the Natural Disaster Museum In order to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters, our school organized students to visit the Natural Disaster Museum last Friday. During the visit, students were exposed to a series of pictures and videos of various natural disasters like earthquake, flood, landslide and forest fires. Afterwards, an expert gave a lecture, from which students learned some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. Undoubtedly, what they experienced in the museum was impressive and educational. This activity turned out an enormous success. Not only did the students have their survival skills boosted, but also they were deeply convinced of the importance of staying in harmony with nature. ★话题词汇 意识：awareness → consciousness 各种各样的：various → diverse 演讲：lecture → speech 增强：boost → enhance ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters, our school organized students to visit the Natural Disaster Museum last Friday. 拓展句：Our school organized students to visit the Natural Disaster Museum last Friday, which aimed to raise the risk awareness of natural disasters. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】Afterwards, an expert gave a lecture, from which students learned some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. (运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Undoubtedly, what they experienced in the museum was impressive and educational. (运用了what引导的主语从句) 6.书面通知-地震疏散演练 【地震】假如你是学生会主席李华，你校的全体师生要于2025年5月6日下午2:28分在学校操场进行地震疏散演练，请你根据以下内容，以学生会的名义写一个书面通知。 包括以下内容：1. 目的；2. 时间地点；3. 演练人员；4. 注意事项。 Notice To enhance safety awareness among students, an earthquake safety procedure will be held in our school from 4 p.m. to 5 p.m. next Monday, and all students are required to participate. When the warning bell rings, all students should follow the class teacher’s instructions and go directly from the stairs to the playground for gathering. Please remain calm and walk quickly in an orderly manner. Elevators are forbidden for everyone’s safety. Remember not to return to the building until the drill is officially over. Your active participation and cooperation will be highly appreciated. Should you have any questions, feel free to contact the Student Union. The Students’ Union ★话题词汇 参加：join → participate 禁止：forbid → prohibit 感恩：thank → appreciate 联系：communicate → contact ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句:All students should follow the class teacher’s instructions and go directly from the stairs to the playground for gathering at the time of bell ringing. 拓展句：When the warning bell rings, all students should follow the class teacher’s instructions and go directly from the stairs to the playground for gathering.  ★高分句型 【高分句型1】When the warning bell rings, all students should follow the class teacher’s instructions and go directly from the stairs to the playground for gathering.  【高分句型2】Should you have any questions, feel free to contact the Student Union. 7.书面通知-防震知识讲座 【地震】【2026重庆高一月考3】假设你是学生会主席李华，你校邀请地震专家李教授来校做了有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座，请你写一则通知，把讲座的情况告知全校师生，内容包括： 1.讲座的时间及地点； 2.讲座的主要内容； 3.听讲座的注意事项。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice To enhance our awareness of earthquake prevention and improve our capability to handle emergencies, our school will invite the renowned earthquake expert Professor Li to deliver a lecture in the school hall from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Friday afternoon. During the lecture, Professor Li will not only explain the fundamental causes of earthquakes in a simple and understandable way but also share practical self-rescue skills and clear emergency evacuation procedures. Additionally, he will spare some time to answer questions raised by teachers and students. All participants are required to arrive 10 minutes in advance, maintain silence throughout the lecture, take notes attentively and refrain from using mobile phones. The Students’ Union ★话题词汇 加强：enhance → strengthen 应对：handle → deal with/cope with 提前：in advance → ahead of time 提出：raise → put forward ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, he will spare some time to answer questions raised by teachers and students. 拓展句：Additionally, he will spare some time to answer questions which were raised by teachers and students. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】To enhance our awareness of earthquake prevention and improve our capability to handle emergencies, our school will invite the renowned earthquake expert Professor Li to deliver a lecture in the school hall from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Friday afternoon.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 【高分句型2】All participants are required to arrive 10 minutes in advance, maintain silence throughout the lecture, take notes attentively and refrain from using mobile phones.（运用了动名词作宾语） 8.电子邮件-安慰遭受洪涝灾害的网友 【洪涝】假定你是李华，你的外国网友Joe的家乡遭遇了洪涝灾害。请你给他写一封电子邮件，要点包括： （1）给予安慰和鼓励； （2）提供帮助。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Joe, I’m so sad to know that a heavy flood struck your hometown the other day. I’m writing to offer my genuine concern and sincere backup. I know that you are physically hurt. I do feel bad about this and I hope you can fully recover soon. Meanwhile, never lose heart and don’t forget I am always by your side. I have been raising money and collecting useful items for you, which will be sent to you as soon as possible. Wish you all the best. And feel free to contact me if you need any more help. Yours sincerely, Li Hua ★话题词汇 袭击：strike→hit 提供：offer→afford 支援：backup→support 完全地：fully→entirely ★话题句式 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to offer my genuine concern and sincere backup. 拓展句：The reason why I’m writing is that I want to offer my genuine concern and sincere backup. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】I have been raising money and collecting useful items for you, which will be sent to you as soon as possible.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】And feel free to contact me if you need any more help.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 9.电子邮件-给朋友紧急情况自我保护的建议 【建议】假设你是高一学生李华，请认真阅读下面的聊天记录，针对网友Jim的问题给他回复，词数100左右：  Dear Jim,   Well, I’d be more than happy to share some tips with you. It is of crucial importance to stay calm and try to keep a clear mind in any emergency situation. For fires, remember the escape route, avoid using elevators, and use wet cloths to cover your mouth and nose if necessary. In case of an earthquake, find a safe spot under a sturdy piece of furniture like a table, and protect your head from falling objects. It's also important to have an emergency kit ready at home with essentials like water, food, and a flashlight. The course was really eye-opening and informative. It made me realize how crucial it is to be prepared and know what to do during disasters. I feel more confident that I can handle unexpected situations now. Stay safe and prepared, too! Yours Li Hua ★话题词汇 建议：tips→suggestions/advice/recommendations 重要的：important→significant/necessary 高兴的：happy→delighted/cheerful 处理：handle→deal with/address ★话题句式 原句：The course was really eye-opening and informative. It made me realize how crucial it is to be prepared and know what to do during disasters. 拓展句：The course was not only eye-opening but also informative, which made me realize how crucial it is to be prepared and know what to do during disasters. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】It made me realize how crucial it is to be prepared and know what to do during disasters.(运用了how引导宾语从句，it作形式主语和what引导宾语从句。) 【高分句型2】It is of crucial importance to stay calm and try to keep a clear mind in any emergency situation.(运用了it作形式主语，不定式to do作真正的主语。) 10.安全指南-洪水保护 【洪水】洪水是常见的自然灾害。请你写一篇安全指南类说明文，告诉大家突发洪水时， 如何有效地保护自己。 要点包括: 1. 交代背景及目的； 2. 具体建议。 要求: 写作词数应为 80 左右。 Flood Safety Guidelines As we all know, floods frequently occur on the earth. It's important to keep in mind some useful tips when floods break out so that you can protect yourselves from possible injuries. First, avoid bridges that cross rapidly-moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to collapse. Second, listen to emergency broadcasts for further instructions. If told to evacuate, do so. Last but not least, stay inside a car trapped by fast- moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself, then move to the roof of the vehicle. ★话题词汇 发生：occur → take place 记住：keep in mind → bear in mind 保护：protect → guard 首先：first → to begin with ★话题句式 同义句 原句：If told to evacuate, do so. 拓展句：If you are told to evacuate, do so. ★高分句型 【高分句型1】As we all know, floods frequently occur on the earth.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It's important to keep in mind some useful tips when floods break out so that you can protect yourselves from possible injuries.（运用了when连接的时间状语从句和so that连接的目的状语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $