内容正文:
八年级英语下册
Unit 4 考点整理
一、核心短语
the wonders of nature 大自然的奇观
natural wonders 自然奇观
the Nile River 尼罗河
the Dead Sea 死海
the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠
Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰
the Mariana Trench 马里亚纳海沟
Angel Falls 安赫尔瀑布
the Yangtze River 长江
the Yellow River 黄河
the Taklimakan Desert 塔克拉玛干沙漠
Victoria Falls 维多利亚瀑布
the Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁
Lake Baikal 贝加尔湖
Qinghai Lake 青海湖
the Amazon Rainforest 亚马逊雨林
the East African Rift Valley 东非大裂谷
connect with nature 与自然相连
dive into the deep sea 潜入深海
film and record 拍摄并记录
deal with terrible conditions 应对恶劣环境
pull oneself up 奋力攀爬
make the climb 完成攀登
risk one's life 冒着生命危险
protect the deep sea 保护深海
explore nature 探索自然
reach the top 到达山顶
reach the bottom 到达底部
the highest mountain in the world 世界上最高的山峰
the largest desert in the world 世界上最大的沙漠
the lowest place on earth 地球上最低的地方
the deepest point in the ocean 海洋中最深的地方
the longest river in the world 世界上最长的河流
the biggest coral reef in the world 世界上最大的珊瑚礁
the largest living structure on earth 地球上最大的生物结构
the coldest lake 最冷的湖
the oldest rainforest 最古老的雨林
as far as the eye could see 目之所及的远方
at all costs 不惜一切代价
take up an area of 占据……面积
二、词性转换(考试高频变形)
1.wonder(n.奇观/v.惊叹)→ wonderful(adj.奇妙的;令人惊叹的)→ wonderfully(adv.精彩地;极好地)
2.measure(v.测量/n.措施)→ measurement(n.测量;数量)
3.deep(adj.深的/adv.深深地)→ depth(n.深度;纵深)→ deepen(v.加深;深化)
4.high (adj.高的) → height (n.高度) / highly (adv.高度地)
5.survive(v.生存;存活)→ survival(n.生存;存活)→ survivor(n.幸存者)
6.develop(v.发展)→ development(n.发展;壮大)→ developed(adj.发达的)/ developing(adj.发展中的)
7.climb(v.攀登)→ climber(n.攀登者;登山者)→ climbing(n.攀登;登山运动)
8.north(n.北方/adv.向北)→ northern(adj.北部的;北方的)
9.south(n.南方/adv.向南)→ southern(adj.南部的;南方的)
10.determine(v.决定)→ determined(adj.有决心的;坚定的)
11.include(v.包含;包括)→ including(prep.包括;包含)
12.success(n.成功)→ successful(adj.成功的)→ successfully(adv.成功地;顺利地)
13.danger(n.危险)→ dangerous(adj.危险的)
14.nature(n.自然)→ natural(adj.自然的;天然的)
15.curious(adj.好奇的)→ curiosity(n.好奇心;求知欲)
16.live(v.生活;居住)→ alive(adj.活着的;有活力的)→ living(adj.活着的;现存的)
17.attract(v.吸引)→ attractive(adj.有吸引力的)→ attraction(n.吸引力;景点)
18.die(v.死亡)→ death(n.死亡;毁灭)→ dead(adj.死的)→ dying(adj.垂死的)
19.unusual(adj.特别的;不寻常的)→ usual(adj.通常的;平常的)→ usually(adv.通常;平常)
20.changeable(adj.易变的;可能变化的)→ change(v./n.改变;变化)
21.located(adj.位于;坐落在)→ locate(v.位于;定位)→ location(n.位置;地点)
22.fresh(adj.新鲜的)→ freshwater(adj.淡水的)
23.type(n.类型;种类/v.打字)→ typical(adj.典型的;特有的)
24.travel(v./n.旅行)→ traveller(n.旅行者;游客)
25.risk(v./n.风险;冒险) → risky(adj.有风险的)
26.northeast(n./adj.东北;东北的)→ northeastern(adj.东北的;东北方向的)
27.high(adj.高的)→ height(n.高度)
28.sand(n.沙子)→ sandy(adj.含沙的;沙质的)
29.structure(n.结构;构造)→ structural(adj.结构上的;建筑的)
30.life(n.生命;生活)→ lifetime(n.一生;终身)
31.use(v./n.使用)→ useful(adj.有用的)→ useless(adj.无用的)
32.true(adj.真实的)→ truly(adv.真实地;真诚地)→ truth(n.真相;事实)
33.die(v.死亡)→ death(n.死亡;毁灭)→ dead(adj.死的)
34.amaze (vt.使惊奇) → amazing (adj.) / amazed (adj.) 令人惊叹的 / 感到惊叹的
35.long (adj.长的) → length (n.长度 )
36.explore (v.探索) → exploration (n.探索) / explorer (n.探险家)
三、重点句型(写作&完形填空必背)
1.Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, and it is still growing taller.
珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰,而且它还在不断变高。
2.The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world, about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠,面积约900万平方公里。
3.The Mariana Trench is the deepest point in the ocean, about 11,000 metres deep.
马里亚纳海沟是海洋中最深的地方,深度约11000米。
4.The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, traveling about 6,300 kilometres long.
长江是中国最长的河流,全长约6300公里。
5.The Great Barrier Reef is the biggest coral reef in the world, taking up an area of 345,000 square kilometres.
大堡礁是世界上最大的珊瑚礁,面积达34.5万平方公里。
6.Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side.
1960年以前,没有人能从北坡登上珠穆朗玛峰的峰顶。
7.Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can "see" as well as others.
有些深海动物是失明的,但它们却能像其他动物一样“看见”。
8.It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.
这是因为人类的好奇心和野心是无法被阻止的。
9.Lake Baikal is one of the world's most famous lakes, and it is the deepest freshwater lake in the world.
贝加尔湖是世界上最著名的湖泊之一,也是世界上最深的淡水湖。
10.Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.
登山者还必须应对稀薄的空气、陡峭的悬崖和多变的天气。
11.The Nile is the longest river in the world, at 6,671 kilometres long.
尼罗河是世界上最长的河流,全长6671公里。
12.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, and we even call it our "mother river".
黄河是中国的第二长河,我们甚至称它为我们的“母亲河”。
13.Visiting Victoria Falls was a magical experience, and it was the scariest but also the most amazing experience of our trip.
参观维多利亚瀑布是一次神奇的经历,它是我们旅途中最惊险却也最令人惊叹的体验。
14.As we went closer to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew louder and louder.
当我们离瀑布越来越近时,水流的声音也越来越大。
15.For people who love the ocean, visiting the Great Barrier Reef is the dream of a lifetime.
对于热爱海洋的人来说,参观大堡礁是一生的梦想。
四、核心语法
1.比较级和最高级用法
形容词/副词的最高级:用于三者及以上的比较,常搭配 the + 最高级 ,或 one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 (表示“最……之一”)
例:Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world.
形容词/副词的比较级:用于两者之间的比较,常使用
比较级 + and + 比较级 表示“越来越……”
例:The noise grew louder and louder.
3.大数字的用法
数量与形容词的搭配:
Mount Kilimanjaro is 5,895 metres high.
The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 miles long.
3.不规则比较级和最高级变化
五、话题积累
The Amazon Rainforest: A Wonder of Nature
The Amazon Rainforest is one of the greatest natural wonders in the world.It is the world's biggest rainforest, covering an area of 6 million square kilometres.Most of it lies in Brazil, Peru, Colombia and five other countries.
People call it "the lungs of the earth" because it produces a large part of the world's oxygen.It is also home to the largest variety of plants and animals on the earth.You can find thousands of different kinds of trees, colourful birds, and rare animals like the jaguar there.
However, the rainforest is facing many problems today.Too many trees are being cut down, and the animals are losing their homes.It is important for us to protect this amazing place.If we all work together, we can keep the rainforest alive for many more years.
Nature makes us wonder.That is why it is wonderful, and we should love and protect it forever.
写作思路
1.开头:引出话题,点明介绍的自然奇观是什么。
2.中间:介绍位置、大小、特殊事实、相关的动植物/人类活动。
3.结尾:表达感受,呼吁保护自然。
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