精品解析：陕西省西安中学2025-2026学年高一第二学期第一次月考英语试题

西安中学高2026届高一第二学期第一次月考 英语试题 (时间：120分钟 满分：100分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. How will the speakers go back to London? A. By air. B. By train. C. By car. 2. When will the speakers meet? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 3. What will the man do tonight? A. Attend a meeting. B. Stay at home. C. Go to a club. 4. What will the weather be like this weekend? A. Snowy. B. Stormy. C. Fine. 5. What is wrong with the man? A. His feet hurt. B. His shoes don’t fit him. C. He missed a long walk yesterday. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the accounting office? A. On the 4th floor. B. On the 5th floor. C. On the 6th floor. 7. Where will the woman go first? A. The Thai restaurant. B. The accounting office. C. The shipping department. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When is the man’s flight leaving? A. Next Friday. B. Next Saturday. C. Next Sunday. 9. How much will the man have to pay for all tickets? A. $ 580. B. $ 1,160. C. $ 1,740. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How long will it take Jenny to write her paper altogether? A. Two weeks. B. Three weeks. C. One week. 11. Which part is the most difficult for Jenny? A. Writing the paper. B. Preparing an outline. C. Doing the research. 12. What does Stan think Jenny should do? A. Copy his outline. B. Make an outline before writing. C. Use her outline from last semester. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Driver and passenger. B. Club owner and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 14. What can the guests do on the bus? A. Drive the bus. B. Have cold drinks. C. Cook food. 15. What are guests expected to do for parties? A. Get dressed smartly. B. Bring their VIP cards. C. Book clubs in advance. 16. What does the man suggest guests do before a fancy-dress party? A. Control the number of people. B. Inform him of the booking time. C. Avoid wearing jeans and sports shoes. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where does the speaker come from? A. Australia. B. England. C. America. 18. What do English people think of Americans? A. Self-centered. B. Humorous. C. Cool. 19. What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England? A. Have a cup of tea. B. Watch comedy shows. C. Play with his friends. 20. What did the speaker find amazing in England? A. The TV program. B. The tea shop. C. The old buildings. 第二部分 单项选择 共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. I’m so grateful ________all the teachers ________their generous help. A. to; of B. for; of C. to; for D. of; to 2. We cannot accept a society _____ the rich enjoy comfort _____ the poor have to suffer. A. which; while B. where; while C. that; which D. where; that 3. It was the culture, rather than the language, ______made it hard for him to ______the new environment abroad. A. that; adapt to B. which; contribute to C. which; live up to D. that; get down to 4. The building _______ next to the canteen is our dormitory. A. to stand B. stood C. standing D. stands 5. Ordinary soap, _______ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. being used B. using C. used D. to use 6. Good advertising, ________ people attach positive meaning, can contribute to the sales of a product. A. to which B. of which C. for which D. on which 7. While listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ______ live is quite another. A. perform B. performing C. performed D. to perform 8. Try to understand what is really happening instead of acting on the _______ you have made. A. association B. consumption C. assumption D. assignment 9. Remember that prevention is better than _______, so brush your teeth at least twice a day and visit your dentist for regular check-ups. A. chat B. cure C. case D. cause 10. Finding her car stolen, ________. A. a policeman was asked to help B. she hurried to a policeman for help C. the area was searched thoroughly D. people around all came to help her 第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Have you ever been to a music festival? Well if you live in the UK, the answer is probably yes. The number of festivals has grown greatly over the last few years and now there are around 200 every summer. So let’s look at the history of four famous festivals. The Glastonbury Festival is a five-day festival of contemporary(当代的) performing arts held most years in Somerset, in the south-west of England. There are a rock and pop stage, a jazz stage, the Avalon stage, a theatre comedy stage, a cinema tent, a dance tent and a circus(马戏团). The festival started in1970and about 120,000 people go to it every summer. The Reading Festival is truly world-class with rock and pop bands(乐队) appearing from all over the world, particularly(尤其) the USA. About 80,000 music fans go to Reading every August Bank Holiday. The festival first came to its present site on the banks of the River Thames in Reading in 1971, when it moved from Plumpton in Sussex. It is still on the same site over 47 years later! WOMAD stands for World of Music, Arts and Dance and was the idea of rock musician Peter Gabriel to promote(宣传) world music. The WOMAD Festival started in 1982 and takes place in July at Charlton Park, near Malmesbury in Wiltshire, and you can see different bands and musicians from all over the world. The festival welcomes over 26, 000 visitors each year. The one-day Monsters of Rock Festival at the National Bowl in Milton Keynes was first held in 1980 and gave visitors the chance to hear the very best of hard rock and heavy metal. There were no festivals between 1996 and 2003 as a result of changing musical fashions, but now it has returned and grown into a two-day festival with a campsite for the 30,000 people who go there in summer days. 11. Which festival draws the largest number of fans every year? A. The Reading Festival. B. The WOMAD Festival. C. The Glastonbury Festival. D. The Monsters of Rock Festival. 12. What can we learn about the Reading Festival? A. It mainly attracts rock music fans. B. It is especially popular with local bands. C. It is named after the place where it is held. D. It has been held in the same site since it started. 13. What do the four festivals have in common? A. All last five days. B. All are held in the summer. C. All take place every year. D. All are held near the River Thames. B February has long been a month of romance. With the sweet smell of roses in the air, romantic films hit cinemas and love stories fill newspapers and magazines. On the 14th day, it is a custom for a boy to take his girlfriend out to dinner, buy her flowers and chocolates, write poems, sing to her or even spell out her name with rose petals! This is what you see on Valentine’s Day, a day named after Valentine who was a priest in the third century Rome. When the emperor decided that single men could become better soldiers than those with wives, he didn’t allow marriage. But Valentine continued to perform marriage ceremonies for young lovers in secret. When his actions were discovered, the emperor sentenced him to death. While in prison, it is said that Valentine fell in love with the daughter of his prison guard. Before his death, he wrote her a letter, which he signed “From your Valentine”, an expression that is still in use today. Valentine died for what he believed in and so he was made a Saint (圣徒), as well as becoming one of history’s most romantic characters. Nowadays, Valentine’s Day is also popular among Chinese young people. Some students are planning to make Valentine’s cards for parents, teachers and friends. Others want to hold parties at which they will exchange small gifts and eat heart-shaped cakes. The idea is to have fun and encourage people to share in the spirit of St. Valentine. 14. Why did the emperor in Rome not allow marriage in his country? A. Because there were few women in his country at that time. B. Because he thought men without wives could be better soldiers. C. Because there wasn’t enough food for so many people. D. Because he wanted to control the birthrate. 15. Valentine was put into prison because ________. A. he killed one of the soldiers B. he stole a lot of food C. he didn’t obey the emperor’s order D. he didn’t want to be a soldier 16. The last paragraph mainly tells us ________. A. students in China send cards to their teachers B. it is a good idea to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China C. it is interesting to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China D. Valentine’s Day is also popular in China now 17. The best title for this passage should be ________. A. Valentine’s Day B. A Brave Priest C. Valentine’s Day in China D. A Romantic Man C There are few things more satisfying and heartwarming than a baby’s first words. But long before babies start saying “mama” and “dada”, they’re able to have back-and-forth “conversations” with parents and caregivers. Do babies exposed to (暴露于) lots of language show any differences in brain structure compared to those who hear fewer words? Researchers are curious about the answer. Professor John Spencer of the University of East Anglia carried out a study with his colleagues. Researchers had young children and babies wear recording devices over three days, allowing them to hear everything that the babies heard. Afterwards, they got their brain imaging. Myelin is something that plays a role in the nervous system (神经系统), allowing the brain to send messages faster and more efficiently. The results showed that little children aged 30 months and up, who were exposed to more adult speech, had more myelin in language-processing brain areas. This suggested an optimistic connection between brain development and exposure to language. However, the study also found a surprising thing. Babies around six months old, who heard more speech, had less myelin in those areas. But that doesn’t mean that speaking to babies affects brain development, Spencer said. What caused that? Spencer suggested at six months, baby brains tended to focus on basic growth related to information transmission (传输), whereas at 30 months, brain development related more to connections and structure. “When you’re over six months old, more input is good.” Spencer suggested. “At that point, your brain is growing quickly, so the input comes in and is received to prepare for brain development of that stage.” Talking with little children offers so many benefits. But it can feel uncomfortable for parents to try and have a speech partner who is too little. You can start by speaking to babies. For example, reading to them or telling them the steps of a bottle preparation in normal adult speech can give little children early language exposure. Moreover, if a baby isn’t speaking yet, parents can put their movements and sounds into the conversation. The most important thing is to give babies a chance to talk. 18. What did John Spencer want to find out through his study? A. How babies learn to communicate with adults. B. How children’s language develops over time. C. The differences between baby words and adult speech. D. The influence of language contact on babies’ brain development. 19. What does the underlined word “optimistic” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Positive B. Weak C. Simple D. Negative 20. What may lead to the differences in children’s brain imaging according to Spencer? A. The separate amount of information input. B. The changing focus of their brain growth. C. The lifestyles formed in different environments. D. The relationships between parents and children. 21. What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A. The suggestions for talking with babies. B. The benefits of playing with little children. C. The difficulty of encouraging babies to speak. D. The importance of early language exposure for babies. D Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn’t get the job or that a date doesn’t want to see you again is always hurtful. Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. Being rejected has far smaller consequences now than it did thousands of years ago. Still, we read it as a threat to our health. The reason why it hurts is the same reason why we experience pain when we step on a sharp object. Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. Concern with rejection is perfectly normal, but being overly worried can affect the quality of our life. If you take rejection personally, your self-worth will suffer; but if you blame it on the general injustice of the world, it will make you angry and bitter. Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn’t call you back, don’t jump to the conclusion that they don’t want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. Rejection is a normal part of everyone’s life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be. 22. How did the pain of rejection help our ancestors survive? A. By increasing the safety of living alone. B. By showing the consequence of teamwork. C. By reminding them to change their behavior. D. By warning them to keep away from danger. 23. What does the research suggest about rejection and physical pain? A. They are both a cause of brain damage. B. They are both a warning to our survival. C. They recall the same suffering in the past. D. They produce the same response in our brain. 24. What does the author advise us to do about rejection? A. Analyze it reasonably. B. Doubt it bravely. C. Ignore it immediately. D. Take it personally. 25. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Rejection: Whose Fault Is It? B. Rejection: A Shame or Not? C. How Can We Avoid Rejection? D. Why Does Rejection Hurt So Much? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The 24 solar terms are part of the traditional Chinese calendar. The Chinese people divided a year in-to 24 segments (片段) based on the sun’s position in the zodiac (黄道十二宫). ____26____ They reflect the changes of the seasons, climate and phenology (生物气候学). The Yellow River Basin in north-ern China is believed to be the cradle (摇篮) of the solar terms system. Solar terms were instructions for agricultural production and people’s daily lives. They mark things like seasons, temperature, precipitation(降水), growth of the crops and weather conditions. ____27____ Most of the solar terms bear with them rich social and cultural meanings. For instance, during the “Start of Winter”, people eat dumplings.____28____, when people pay respect to those they have lost. The ancient calendar remains relevant to this day.____29____, and we must protect it. The cultural legacy reflects the Chinese people’s respect for nature and tradition, their unique understanding of the universe, their wisdom to live in harmony with nature and the world’s cultural diversity, said Zhang Ling, an official with the Ministry of Culture in 2017. ____30____. Their creativity and consciousness can bring new life to ancient culture. Many young people have already been contributing their energy and strength to this feat. In fact, they have been living up to this challenge through rather artistic means. Many photos, essays and paintings have centered around the theme of the 24 solar terms and expressed the vitality and rich tradition of Chinese history. A. Each segment is called a solar term B. The “Pure Brightness” is also referred to as Tomb-Sweeping Day C. The sun’s positions bring about many things related to human life D. Their wisdom for life and nature made the traditional festival popular today E. It is the youth of China who can best help carry on this significant part of our culture F. Many farmers still rely on the solar terms to work in the fields G. This has long been a central element of life in China 第四部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分25分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mother looks just like many grandmothers — short and white-haired. She comes from an old, traditional family in Canada, where she now still lives. She was a civil servant. In short, she didn’t do ___31___ things. That all changed a few years ago. She began to ___32___ me with what she described as “independence”. At that time, I didn’t fully understand what she was doing. In early 2015, the year she turned 75, she informed me she’d ___33___ a seven-night trip to Turkey, and that she was going alone. There was no way I could ___34___ that. A little old lady not speaking a word of Turkish, with no ___35___ of the laws and customs of the land — it was impossible! My mother paid no attention to me. Off she went. When she returned, she told us it had been a wonderful success. As it ___36___, she had barely spent any time alone, after ___37___ a taxi driver to show her around. He introduced her to a rug vendor (地毯商) — Mustafa, “a lovely fellow”, and she bought some rugs. The vendor had taken her address details and promised to ___38___ them to Canada. I couldn’t believe her naivety (幼稚) and explained that she had been ___39___. The vendor had her money. She neither had nor would be receiving any rugs. Well, I was _____40_____. To my great shock, her rugs did arrive some weeks later, along with a lovely note from Mustafa. To my even greater surprise, the following year Mustafa himself arrived in Canada. “I invited him for a cup of tea and he came,” my mother told me. I was _____41_____ because she hardly knew this man! But again, she paid little attention to me, telling me to stop being silly. I wondered: “Is she not thinking straight?” _____42_____ I worried about her, Mum was thinking straighter than most of us. Her _____43_____ seemed to be based on a realization that life needs to be lived, when there’s relatively little of it left. It _____44_____ me of the line “Get busy living or get busy dying.” I don’t think Mum knows what her next big “thing” is going to be. But I am sure, she is open to any _____45_____, which is something we all probably need right now. Live life to the fullest. 31. A. complex B. crazy C. boring D. rude 32. A. surprise B. amuse C. comfort D. attract 33. A. missed B. taken C. offered D. booked 34. A. allow B. demand C. remember D. cancel 35. A. intention B. knowledge C. view D. fear 36. A. turned out B. came true C. made sense D. went ahead 37. A. training B. leading C. hiring D. refusing 38. A. invite B. sell C. switch D. ship 39. A. dominated B. ignored C. cheated D. abandoned 40. A. right B. lucky C. serious D. wrong 41. A. frightened B. depressed C. disappointed D. ashamed 42. A. If B. Since C. While D. Once 43. A. promotion B. interaction C. independence D. preference 44. A. cured B. warned C. informed D. reminded 45. A. pleasure B. adventure C. freedom D. beauty 第二节(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is _____46_____(common) known that the emission (排放) of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases causes great effect on our planet. To control climate change, great efforts _____47_____ (make) across the world in the past few decades. In 1978, China began _____48_____ national-level forestation project -the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also _____49_____ (know) as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has seen trees planted in 13 provinces and autonomous regions of northern China to act _____50_____ windbreaks (防风林). The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia has also set a good example to those _____51_____(struggle) against desertification (沙漠化). Now about 33% of the Kubugi Desert is covered with trees and bushes. In September, China set new goals _____52_____ (deal) with the problem, aiming to have carbon dioxide emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality (碳中和) before 2060. Carbon neutrality _____53_____ (refer) to achieving zero carbon dioxide emissions. If China’s goal is achieved, it will lower _____54_____ (globe) warming by around 0. 2 to 0. 3℃ alone, according to Climate Action Tracker (CAT). It is the biggest single reduction _____55_____has been estimated by CAT. 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56. The reason why he made such kind of mistakes is that he has had no _________ (先前的) experience. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. The majority of citizens consider an ______ (普通的) job boring or even valueless. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. He made an ________(概要) of his views and got ready to present it at the meeting.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 59. It’s an interesting scientific ________(现象), but of no practical use whatever. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. I’m sure that I am ____________(有能力的) of finishing the task in time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61. The peasants depend on a good ________ (收成) for their very existence. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 62. It is necessary for us to ________ (弄明白) out how to get around with this kind of limited range. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 63. Rose felt honored to be chosen to _________ (代表) her class to take part in the English Speech Contest. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 64. Practicing writing is very ________(重要意义的) to all of us. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. _____________(道德的)science is taught as a subject in most schools but with little effect. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第五部分 写作(满分10分) 66. 假如你是李华，你的美国网友Mike给你来信，表示对中国传统节日很感兴趣，并且想知道有关的风俗活动。请选择一个中国传统节日进行回信，要点如下： 1．节日的名称，时间; 2．主要活动; 3．期待他跟你共度快乐节日。 可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯;词数80-100。 Dear Mike, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 西安中学高2026届高一第二学期第一次月考 英语试题 (时间：120分钟 满分：100分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. How will the speakers go back to London? A. By air. B. By train. C. By car. 2. When will the speakers meet? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 3. What will the man do tonight? A. Attend a meeting. B. Stay at home. C. Go to a club. 4. What will the weather be like this weekend? A. Snowy. B. Stormy. C. Fine. 5. What is wrong with the man? A. His feet hurt. B. His shoes don’t fit him. C. He missed a long walk yesterday. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the accounting office? A. On the 4th floor. B. On the 5th floor. C. On the 6th floor. 7. Where will the woman go first? A. The Thai restaurant. B. The accounting office. C. The shipping department. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When is the man’s flight leaving? A. Next Friday. B. Next Saturday. C. Next Sunday. 9. How much will the man have to pay for all tickets? A. $ 580. B. $ 1,160. C. $ 1,740. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How long will it take Jenny to write her paper altogether? A. Two weeks. B. Three weeks. C. One week. 11. Which part is the most difficult for Jenny? A. Writing the paper. B. Preparing an outline. C. Doing the research. 12. What does Stan think Jenny should do? A. Copy his outline. B. Make an outline before writing. C. Use her outline from last semester. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Driver and passenger. B. Club owner and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 14. What can the guests do on the bus? A. Drive the bus. B. Have cold drinks. C. Cook food. 15. What are guests expected to do for parties? A. Get dressed smartly. B. Bring their VIP cards. C. Book clubs in advance. 16. What does the man suggest guests do before a fancy-dress party? A. Control the number of people. B. Inform him of the booking time. C. Avoid wearing jeans and sports shoes. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where does the speaker come from? A. Australia. B. England. C. America. 18. What do English people think of Americans? A. Self-centered. B. Humorous. C. Cool. 19. What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England? A. Have a cup of tea. B. Watch comedy shows. C. Play with his friends. 20. What did the speaker find amazing in England? A. The TV program. B. The tea shop. C. The old buildings. 第二部分 单项选择 共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. I’m so grateful ________all the teachers ________their generous help. A. to; of B. for; of C. to; for D. of; to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我非常感谢所有老师的慷慨帮助。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be grateful to sb. for sth.”，意为“为某事感谢某人”，故空格一应填介词“to”，空格二应填介词“for”。故选C项。 2. We cannot accept a society _____ the rich enjoy comfort _____ the poor have to suffer. A. which; while B. where; while C. that; which D. where; that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和并列句。句意：我们不能接受一个富人享受舒适而穷人受苦的社会。分析句子可知，该句第一空引导的定语从句，先行词a society在从句中作地点状语成分，应用关系副词where；该句第二空为连词while连接的两个简单句，the rich enjoy comfort和the poor have to suffer是对比，while表示对比关系时，意思是“而，然而”。故选B项。 3. It was the culture, rather than the language, ______made it hard for him to ______the new environment abroad. A. that; adapt to B. which; contribute to C. which; live up to D. that; get down to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句和动词短语辨析。句意：使他难以适应国外新环境的是文化，而不是语言。adapt to适应；contribute to有助于；live up to不辜负；get down to着手处理。分析句子可知，句中使用了强调句型，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that；本句中强调的是原句主语“the culture, rather than the language”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。结合句意，第2空处表示“适应”，用动词短语adapt to。故选A项。 4. The building _______ next to the canteen is our dormitory. A. to stand B. stood C. standing D. stands 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：食堂旁边的那栋楼是我们的宿舍。is是谓语，空格处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，被修饰名词 building和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故选C项。 5. Ordinary soap, _______ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. being used B. using C. used D. to use 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：普通肥皂，如果正确使用，可以有效地处理细菌。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语Ordinary soap和动词use是被动关系，use用过去分词作条件状语。故选C项。 6. Good advertising, ________ people attach positive meaning, can contribute to the sales of a product. A. to which B. of which C. for which D. on which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意：人们赋予积极的意义好广告可以促进产品的销售。分析句子可知，空处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，attach ...to...附上，添加，固定搭配，故此处介词用to，先行词是Good advertising，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词which，故选A。 7. While listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ______ live is quite another. A. perform B. performing C. performed D. to perform 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在家听音乐是一回事，去现场听音乐是另一回事。空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，动词perform意为“演奏”，宾语it (指代music) 和perform之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。故选C。 8. Try to understand what is really happening instead of acting on the _______ you have made. A. association B. consumption C. assumption D. assignment 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：试着了解到底发生了什么，而不是根据你的假设行事。A.association协会，社团；B.consumption消费，消耗；C.assumption假设；D.assignment作业，任务。根据“Try to understand what is really happening”可知，此处是指不要只根据你的假设行事。故选C。 9. Remember that prevention is better than _______, so brush your teeth at least twice a day and visit your dentist for regular check-ups. A. chat B. cure C. case D. cause 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住，预防胜于治疗，所以每天至少刷两次牙，并定期去看牙医。A. chat闲谈；B. cure治愈；治疗；C. case情况；D. cause原因。根据句意可知，预防比患病以后治疗要好。故选B项。 10. Finding her car stolen, ________. A. a policeman was asked to help B. she hurried to a policeman for help C. the area was searched thoroughly D. people around all came to help her 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：发现自己的车被偷后，她急忙向警察求助。分析句子可知，Finding her car stolen为现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语和句子主语应当保持一致。根据句中的her可知，句子的逻辑主语应用she。结合四个选项可知，B项“她急忙向警察求助”符合句意。故选B。 第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Have you ever been to a music festival? Well if you live in the UK, the answer is probably yes. The number of festivals has grown greatly over the last few years and now there are around 200 every summer. So let’s look at the history of four famous festivals. The Glastonbury Festival is a five-day festival of contemporary(当代的) performing arts held most years in Somerset, in the south-west of England. There are a rock and pop stage, a jazz stage, the Avalon stage, a theatre comedy stage, a cinema tent, a dance tent and a circus(马戏团). The festival started in1970and about 120,000 people go to it every summer. The Reading Festival is truly world-class with rock and pop bands(乐队) appearing from all over the world, particularly(尤其) the USA. About 80,000 music fans go to Reading every August Bank Holiday. The festival first came to its present site on the banks of the River Thames in Reading in 1971, when it moved from Plumpton in Sussex. It is still on the same site over 47 years later! WOMAD stands for World of Music, Arts and Dance and was the idea of rock musician Peter Gabriel to promote(宣传) world music. The WOMAD Festival started in 1982 and takes place in July at Charlton Park, near Malmesbury in Wiltshire, and you can see different bands and musicians from all over the world. The festival welcomes over 26, 000 visitors each year. The one-day Monsters of Rock Festival at the National Bowl in Milton Keynes was first held in 1980 and gave visitors the chance to hear the very best of hard rock and heavy metal. There were no festivals between 1996 and 2003 as a result of changing musical fashions, but now it has returned and grown into a two-day festival with a campsite for the 30,000 people who go there in summer days. 11. Which festival draws the largest number of fans every year? A. The Reading Festival. B. The WOMAD Festival. C. The Glastonbury Festival. D. The Monsters of Rock Festival. 12. What can we learn about the Reading Festival? A. It mainly attracts rock music fans. B. It is especially popular with local bands. C. It is named after the place where it is held. D. It has been held in the same site since it started. 13. What do the four festivals have in common? A. All last five days. B. All are held in the summer. C. All take place every year. D. All are held near the River Thames. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了英国四个有名音乐节日的详情。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。由The Glastonbury Festival 中的“......about 120,000 people go to it every summer”可知，每年夏天约有12万人参加。由The Reading Festival中About 80,000 music fans go to Reading ……中和The WOMAD Festival中 The festival welcomes over 26, 000 visitors each year.The one-day Monsters of Rock Festival中 the 30,000 people who go there in summer days.参加人数对比可知， The Glastonbury Festival吸引了最多的粉丝。故选C项。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。由The Reading Festival 中的“About 80,000 music fans go to Reading every August Bank Holiday. 和The festival first came to its present site on the banks of the River Thames in Reading in 1971when it moved from Plumpton in Sussex”可知，1971年，该节日从苏塞克斯郡的普卢普顿搬到现在位于泰晤士河沿岸的雷丁。 所以判断出The Reading Festival是以举办地点命名的。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段“The number of festivals has grown greatly over the last few years and now there are around 200 every summer”可知，在过去的几年里，节日的数量有了很大的增长，现在每年夏天大约有200个节日。再结合每部分细节The festival started in1970and about 120,000 people go to it every summer.……；go to Reading every August……；takes place in July ；…… who go there in summer days.提到的时间可知，这四个节日的共同特点是都在夏天举办。故选B项。 B February has long been a month of romance. With the sweet smell of roses in the air, romantic films hit cinemas and love stories fill newspapers and magazines. On the 14th day, it is a custom for a boy to take his girlfriend out to dinner, buy her flowers and chocolates, write poems, sing to her or even spell out her name with rose petals! This is what you see on Valentine’s Day, a day named after Valentine who was a priest in the third century Rome. When the emperor decided that single men could become better soldiers than those with wives, he didn’t allow marriage. But Valentine continued to perform marriage ceremonies for young lovers in secret. When his actions were discovered, the emperor sentenced him to death. While in prison, it is said that Valentine fell in love with the daughter of his prison guard. Before his death, he wrote her a letter, which he signed “From your Valentine”, an expression that is still in use today. Valentine died for what he believed in and so he was made a Saint (圣徒), as well as becoming one of history’s most romantic characters. Nowadays, Valentine’s Day is also popular among Chinese young people. Some students are planning to make Valentine’s cards for parents, teachers and friends. Others want to hold parties at which they will exchange small gifts and eat heart-shaped cakes. The idea is to have fun and encourage people to share in the spirit of St. Valentine. 14. Why did the emperor in Rome not allow marriage in his country? A. Because there were few women in his country at that time. B. Because he thought men without wives could be better soldiers. C. Because there wasn’t enough food for so many people. D. Because he wanted to control the birthrate. 15. Valentine was put into prison because ________. A. he killed one of the soldiers B. he stole a lot of food C. he didn’t obey the emperor’s order D. he didn’t want to be a soldier 16. The last paragraph mainly tells us ________. A. students in China send cards to their teachers B. it is a good idea to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China C. it is interesting to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China D. Valentine’s Day is also popular in China now 17. The best title for this passage should be ________. A. Valentine’s Day B. A Brave Priest C. Valentine’s Day in China D. A Romantic Man 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. D 17. A 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍情人节的起源、人物故事及如今在中国的流行情况。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the emperor decided that single men could become better soldiers than those with wives, he didn’t allow marriage.(皇帝认为单身男性比已婚男性更适合当兵，因此禁止民众结婚。)”可知，罗马皇帝禁止婚姻是因为他认为没有妻子的男人能成为更好的士兵 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But Valentine continued to perform marriage ceremonies for young lovers in secret. When his actions were discovered, the emperor sentenced him to death.(但瓦伦丁坚持秘密为年轻恋人主持婚礼，他的行为被发现后，皇帝判处他死刑。)”可知，瓦伦丁入狱是因为他违抗皇帝禁婚的命令。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Nowadays, Valentine’s Day is also popular among Chinese young people. Some students are planning to make Valentine’s cards for parents, teachers and friends. Others want to hold parties at which they will exchange small gifts and eat heart-shaped cakes. The idea is to have fun and encourage people to share in the spirit of St. Valentine.(如今，情人节也在中国年轻人中流行起来。一些学生计划为父母、老师和朋友制作情人节卡片。另一些人则想举办聚会，互相交换小礼物，吃心形蛋糕。其目的是享受乐趣，并鼓励人们分享圣瓦伦丁的精神。)”可知，本段主要介绍情人节如今在中国的流行情况。 【17题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了情人节的习俗、起源传说、相关人物故事以及现如今的发展，全文围绕情人节展开。“Valentine’s Day(情人节)”符合题意。 C There are few things more satisfying and heartwarming than a baby’s first words. But long before babies start saying “mama” and “dada”, they’re able to have back-and-forth “conversations” with parents and caregivers. Do babies exposed to (暴露于) lots of language show any differences in brain structure compared to those who hear fewer words? Researchers are curious about the answer. Professor John Spencer of the University of East Anglia carried out a study with his colleagues. Researchers had young children and babies wear recording devices over three days, allowing them to hear everything that the babies heard. Afterwards, they got their brain imaging. Myelin is something that plays a role in the nervous system (神经系统), allowing the brain to send messages faster and more efficiently. The results showed that little children aged 30 months and up, who were exposed to more adult speech, had more myelin in language-processing brain areas. This suggested an optimistic connection between brain development and exposure to language. However, the study also found a surprising thing. Babies around six months old, who heard more speech, had less myelin in those areas. But that doesn’t mean that speaking to babies affects brain development, Spencer said. What caused that? Spencer suggested at six months, baby brains tended to focus on basic growth related to information transmission (传输), whereas at 30 months, brain development related more to connections and structure. “When you’re over six months old, more input is good.” Spencer suggested. “At that point, your brain is growing quickly, so the input comes in and is received to prepare for brain development of that stage.” Talking with little children offers so many benefits. But it can feel uncomfortable for parents to try and have a speech partner who is too little. You can start by speaking to babies. For example, reading to them or telling them the steps of a bottle preparation in normal adult speech can give little children early language exposure. Moreover, if a baby isn’t speaking yet, parents can put their movements and sounds into the conversation. The most important thing is to give babies a chance to talk. 18. What did John Spencer want to find out through his study? A. How babies learn to communicate with adults. B. How children’s language develops over time. C. The differences between baby words and adult speech. D. The influence of language contact on babies’ brain development. 19. What does the underlined word “optimistic” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Positive B. Weak C. Simple D. Negative 20. What may lead to the differences in children’s brain imaging according to Spencer? A. The separate amount of information input. B. The changing focus of their brain growth. C. The lifestyles formed in different environments. D. The relationships between parents and children. 21. What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A. The suggestions for talking with babies. B. The benefits of playing with little children. C. The difficulty of encouraging babies to speak. D. The importance of early language exposure for babies. 【答案】18. D 19. A 20. B 21. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明婴儿大脑的语言处理区域在30个月大时，暴露于更多成人语言的婴儿有更多的髓磷脂，这表明大脑发育与语言环境之间存在正相关关系。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Do babies exposed to (暴露于) lots of language show any differences in brain structure compared to those who hear fewer words? Researchers are curious about the answer. Professor John Spencer of the University of East Anglia carried out a study with his colleagues. (接触大量语言的婴儿与听到较少语言的婴儿相比，他们的大脑结构有什么不同吗？研究人员对这个问题的答案很好奇。东安格利亚大学的John Spencer教授和他的同事进行了一项研究。)”可知，John Spencer希望通过他的研究发现接触大量语言的婴儿与听到较少语言的婴儿相比，他们的大脑结构是否有什么不同，也就是说他们想发现语言接触对婴儿大脑发育的影响。故选D。 【19题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Myelin is something that plays a role in the nervous system (神经系统), allowing the brain to send messages faster and more efficiently. The results showed that little children aged 30 months and up, who were exposed to more adult speech, had more myelin in language-processing brain areas.(髓磷脂在神经系统中起着重要作用，它能让大脑更快、更有效地发送信息。结果显示，30个月及以上的小孩，在接触更多成人语言的情况下，大脑中语言处理区域的髓磷脂含量更高。)”可判断，这表明大脑发育和语言接触之间的联系是“积极的”。选项A“Positive (积极的)”；选项B“Weak (虚弱的)”；选项C“Simple (简单的)”；选项D“Negative (消极的)”。故选A。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“What caused that? Spencer suggested at six months, baby brains tended to focus on basic growth related to information transmission (传输), whereas at 30 months, brain development related more to connections and structure. “When you’re over six months old, more input is good.” Spencer suggested. “At that point, your brain is growing quickly, so the input comes in and is received to prepare for brain development of that stage.”(是什么造成的呢？Spencer认为，在6个月大的时候，婴儿的大脑倾向于关注与信息传递相关的基本发育，而在30个月大的时候，大脑发育更多地与连接和结构有关。“当你超过六个月大的时候，更多的投入是有益的。” Spencer说。“此时，你的大脑正在快速发育，所以输入和接收是为那个阶段的大脑发育做准备。”)”可知，Spencer认为造成儿童大脑成像的差异是源自于大脑发育重点的变化。故选B。 【21题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Talking with little children offers so many benefits. But it can feel uncomfortable for parents to try and have a speech partner who is too little. You can start by speaking to babies. For example, reading to them or telling them the steps of a bottle preparation in normal adult speech can give little children early language exposure. Moreover, if a baby isn’t speaking yet, parents can put their movements and sounds into the conversation. The most important thing is to give babies a chance to talk.(和小孩子交谈有很多好处。但对于父母来说，找一个太小的说话伙伴会让他们感到不舒服。你可以从和婴儿说话开始。例如，用正常的成人语言给他们朗读或告诉他们准备奶瓶的步骤可以让孩子早期接触语言。此外，如果宝宝还不会说话，父母可以在对话中加入他们的动作和声音。最重要的是给宝宝说话的机会。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是和小孩子交谈有很多好处，并就如何和小孩交谈给出自己的建议。故选A。 D Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn’t get the job or that a date doesn’t want to see you again is always hurtful. Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. Being rejected has far smaller consequences now than it did thousands of years ago. Still, we read it as a threat to our health. The reason why it hurts is the same reason why we experience pain when we step on a sharp object. Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. Concern with rejection is perfectly normal, but being overly worried can affect the quality of our life. If you take rejection personally, your self-worth will suffer; but if you blame it on the general injustice of the world, it will make you angry and bitter. Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn’t call you back, don’t jump to the conclusion that they don’t want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. Rejection is a normal part of everyone’s life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be. 22. How did the pain of rejection help our ancestors survive? A. By increasing the safety of living alone. B. By showing the consequence of teamwork. C. By reminding them to change their behavior. D. By warning them to keep away from danger. 23. What does the research suggest about rejection and physical pain? A. They are both a cause of brain damage. B. They are both a warning to our survival. C. They recall the same suffering in the past. D. They produce the same response in our brain. 24. What does the author advise us to do about rejection? A. Analyze it reasonably. B. Doubt it bravely. C. Ignore it immediately. D. Take it personally. 25. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Rejection: Whose Fault Is It? B. Rejection: A Shame or Not? C. How Can We Avoid Rejection? D. Why Does Rejection Hurt So Much? 【答案】22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。作者认为被拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. (从历史上看，被拒绝带来的痛苦一直是一个有用的工具。对我们的祖先来说，远离群体就等于被判了死刑，因为独自生存是很困难的。因此，当我们面临被拒绝的风险时，大脑可能会发展出一个警报系统来警告我们。那些经历过更痛苦的拒绝的人获得了优势，因为他们更有可能调整自己的行为以留在群体中。)”可知，我们的祖先被拒绝后，就得独自生存，而这相当于被判了死刑。因此，这种被拒绝的痛苦会提醒我们的祖先调整自己的行为以留在群体中。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. (研究将经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑活动进行了比较，结果表明，大脑中许多相同的区域都活跃起来了。疼痛是一种警告，表明有什么东西正在损害我们的健康。)”可知，经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑会对拒绝和疼痛有同样的反应。故选D。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn’t call you back, don’t jump to the conclusion that they don’t want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. (因此，有必要对问题所在进行现实的分析。如果有人没有给你回电话，不要妄下结论说他们不想和你说话。他们可能生病了或者很忙。)”可知，作者建议我们被拒绝时，我们应该合理分析原因。故选A。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn’t get the job or that a date doesn’t want to see you again is always hurtful. (被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。不管你经历过多少次，被告知你没有得到这份工作，或者约会对象不想再见到你，总是让你很伤心。)”以及最后一段“Rejection is a normal part of everyone’s life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be. (被拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。)”可知，文章主要介绍被拒绝是生活中一件很常见的事情，不要觉得被拒绝是一件可耻的事情。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The 24 solar terms are part of the traditional Chinese calendar. The Chinese people divided a year in-to 24 segments (片段) based on the sun’s position in the zodiac (黄道十二宫). ____26____ They reflect the changes of the seasons, climate and phenology (生物气候学). The Yellow River Basin in north-ern China is believed to be the cradle (摇篮) of the solar terms system. Solar terms were instructions for agricultural production and people’s daily lives. They mark things like seasons, temperature, precipitation(降水), growth of the crops and weather conditions. ____27____ Most of the solar terms bear with them rich social and cultural meanings. For instance, during the “Start of Winter”, people eat dumplings.____28____, when people pay respect to those they have lost. The ancient calendar remains relevant to this day.____29____, and we must protect it. The cultural legacy reflects the Chinese people’s respect for nature and tradition, their unique understanding of the universe, their wisdom to live in harmony with nature and the world’s cultural diversity, said Zhang Ling, an official with the Ministry of Culture in 2017. ____30____. Their creativity and consciousness can bring new life to ancient culture. Many young people have already been contributing their energy and strength to this feat. In fact, they have been living up to this challenge through rather artistic means. Many photos, essays and paintings have centered around the theme of the 24 solar terms and expressed the vitality and rich tradition of Chinese history. A. Each segment is called a solar term B. The “Pure Brightness” is also referred to as Tomb-Sweeping Day C. The sun’s positions bring about many things related to human life D. Their wisdom for life and nature made the traditional festival popular today E. It is the youth of China who can best help carry on this significant part of our culture F. Many farmers still rely on the solar terms to work in the fields G. This has long been a central element of life in China 【答案】26. A 27. F 28. B 29. G 30. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代的二十四节气是如何产生的。二十四节气到现在依然在被广泛运用，这也代表了中国人们对古代文化遗产的尊重，二十四节气将被中国的青年一代代传承下去。 【26题详解】 根据上文“The Chinese people divided a year in-to 24 segments (片段) based on the sun’s position in the zodiac (黄道十二宫). (中国人根据太阳在黄道十二宫中的位置将一年分为24个部分。)”可知，二十四节气划分的根据是太阳在黄道十二宫的位置，空处承上启下，A项“Each segment is called a solar term (每个部分称为节气)”指出了这二十四个部分与二十四节气的关系，与上下文一致，故选A项。 【27题详解】 根据上文“Solar terms were instructions for agricultural production and people’s daily lives. They mark things like seasons, temperature, precipitation (降水), growth of the crops and weather conditions. (节气是农业生产和人们日常生活的指示。它们标记了季节、温度、降水、农作物的生长和天气条件等。)”可知，节气对农业生产很重要，农民依靠节气，与F项“Many farmers still rely on the solar terms to work in the fields (许多农民仍然依靠节气在田间劳作)”上下文一致，Solar terms与solar terms前后呼应，故选F项。 【28题详解】 根据下文“when people pay respect to those they have lost. (当人们向他们失去的人表示敬意时。)”可指，空处所述应为清明节，与B项“The “Pure Brightness” is also referred to as Tomb-Sweeping Day .(“清明（Pure Brightness）”也被称为清明节)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 【29题详解】 根据上文“The ancient calendar remains relevant to this day. (古代历法至今仍具有现实意义。)”并结合下文“and we must protect it. (我们必须保护它)”可知，空处应为我们必须保护古代历法的原因，与G项“This has long been a central element of life in China (长期以来，这一直是中国生活的核心要素)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。 【30题详解】 根据下文“Their creativity and consciousness can bring new life to ancient culture. Many young people have already been contributing their energy and strength to this feat. (他们的创造力和意识可以为古代文化带来新的生命。许多年轻人已经为这一壮举贡献了他们的精力和力量。)”可知，年轻人是传承文化的重要部分，与E项“It is the youth of China who can best help carry on this significant part of our culture. (中国的年轻人最能帮助传承我们文化的这一重要部分。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。 第四部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分25分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mother looks just like many grandmothers — short and white-haired. She comes from an old, traditional family in Canada, where she now still lives. She was a civil servant. In short, she didn’t do ___31___ things. That all changed a few years ago. She began to ___32___ me with what she described as “independence”. At that time, I didn’t fully understand what she was doing. In early 2015, the year she turned 75, she informed me she’d ___33___ a seven-night trip to Turkey, and that she was going alone. There was no way I could ___34___ that. A little old lady not speaking a word of Turkish, with no ___35___ of the laws and customs of the land — it was impossible! My mother paid no attention to me. Off she went. When she returned, she told us it had been a wonderful success. As it ___36___, she had barely spent any time alone, after ___37___ a taxi driver to show her around. He introduced her to a rug vendor (地毯商) — Mustafa, “a lovely fellow”, and she bought some rugs. The vendor had taken her address details and promised to ___38___ them to Canada. I couldn’t believe her naivety (幼稚) and explained that she had been ___39___. The vendor had her money. She neither had nor would be receiving any rugs. Well, I was _____40_____. To my great shock, her rugs did arrive some weeks later, along with a lovely note from Mustafa. To my even greater surprise, the following year Mustafa himself arrived in Canada. “I invited him for a cup of tea and he came,” my mother told me. I was _____41_____ because she hardly knew this man! But again, she paid little attention to me, telling me to stop being silly. I wondered: “Is she not thinking straight?” _____42_____ I worried about her, Mum was thinking straighter than most of us. Her _____43_____ seemed to be based on a realization that life needs to be lived, when there’s relatively little of it left. It _____44_____ me of the line “Get busy living or get busy dying.” I don’t think Mum knows what her next big “thing” is going to be. But I am sure, she is open to any _____45_____, which is something we all probably need right now. Live life to the fullest. 31. A. complex B. crazy C. boring D. rude 32. A. surprise B. amuse C. comfort D. attract 33. A. missed B. taken C. offered D. booked 34. A. allow B. demand C. remember D. cancel 35. A. intention B. knowledge C. view D. fear 36. A. turned out B. came true C. made sense D. went ahead 37. A. training B. leading C. hiring D. refusing 38. A. invite B. sell C. switch D. ship 39. A. dominated B. ignored C. cheated D. abandoned 40. A. right B. lucky C. serious D. wrong 41. A. frightened B. depressed C. disappointed D. ashamed 42. A. If B. Since C. While D. Once 43. A. promotion B. interaction C. independence D. preference 44. A. cured B. warned C. informed D. reminded 45. A. pleasure B. adventure C. freedom D. beauty 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. C 43. C 44. D 45. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了母亲在退休以后更勇敢地生活的故事，具体体现在更加敢于冒险，敢于信任陌生人等。呼吁读者生命就是用来过的。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，她不做疯狂的事情。A. complex复杂的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. boring无聊的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据“She was a civil servant.”和后文母亲一个人去陌生的国家旅行可知，母亲以前不这样，不做看起来疯狂的事情，故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始用她称之为“独立”的东西使我震惊。A. surprise使惊讶；B. amuse逗乐；C. comfort安慰；D. attract吸引。根据“At that time, I didn’t fully understand what she was doing.”和后文母亲一个人独自国外旅行并先付钱预购当地产品的这些行为都让作者不解可知，作者对母亲的行为感到惊讶，故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她通知我她要参加土耳其七天之旅，她要一个人去。A. missed错过，想念；B. taken拿、做；C. offered主动做；D. booked预定。短语take a trip意为“去旅行”， 故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不可能允许那件事。A. allow允许；B. demand要求；C. remember记得；D. cancel取消。根据“there was no way（没门）”可知，作者不允许母亲一个人去国外旅行，故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个完全不会说土耳其语、对那里的法律和风俗不了解的老太太那是不可能的。A. intention意图；B. knowledge知识；C. view观点；D. fear害怕。短语have no knowledge of “不懂”，根据语境完全不会说土耳其语，自然而然对那个国家的了解几乎没有，故选B项。 【36题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这次旅行的结果就是，在她雇佣了一个巴士司机给他带路以后，她大部分时候都没有自己一个人。A. turned out证明是、原来是、结果是；B. came true实现；C. made sense有意义；D. went ahead着手，前进。根据上下文语境可知，此处是作者陈述母亲这次旅行的结果，故选A项。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行的结果就是，在她雇佣了一个巴士司机给他带路以后，她大部分时候都没有自己一个人。A. training培训；B. leading带领；C. hiring雇佣；D. refusing拒绝。根据语境，出国旅行时，雇佣一个司机是很常见的事情，故选C项。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个小贩记下了她的详细地址并承诺将他们运送到加拿大。A. invite邀请；B. sell卖；C. switch转换；D. ship运输。根据常识，商品跨国交易通常需要运输，故选D项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法相信她的幼稚并向她解释她被骗了。A. dominated主导；B. ignored忽视；C. cheated欺骗；D. abandoned抛弃。根据前文可知母亲在没收到货物的情况下就支付了钱，作者认为她被骗了，故选C项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：好吧，我错了。A. right正确的；B. lucky幸运的；C. serious严肃的；D. wrong错误的。根据后句母亲收到了她买的物品可知，作者知道自己的判断是错误的。故选D项。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他几乎不了解这个男人，我感到害怕。A. frightened害怕的；B. depressed沮丧的、消沉的；C. disappointed失望的；D. ashamed感到羞耻的。根据语境母亲对那个男人不怎么了解就邀请他来家里喝咖啡，这令作者感到恐惧，故选A项。 【42题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我为她担心的时候，妈妈比我们大多数人都想得更清楚。A. If如果，是否；B. Since既然；C. While尽管，当……；D. Once一旦。根据上文“I wondered: “Is she not thinking straight?” ”和下文“ life needs to be lived”可知，作者在担心母亲思维不清晰的时候，其实母亲比任何人都想的清楚明白。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的独立似乎基于一种意识，那就是生命是用来过的，尤其当所剩无几时。A. promotion促进，升值；B. interaction互动；C. independence独立；D. preference偏好。母亲的种种行为都根据自己的想法，不受任何人干扰，这是独立的表现，前文母亲自己也提到过，故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我想起一句话“忙着生活忙着死去”。A. cured治愈；B. warned警告；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。短语remind sb of sth提醒某人某事，符合语义逻辑，故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我敢肯定，她对任何冒险都是持开放态度。A. pleasure乐趣；B. adventure冒险；C. freedom自由；D. beauty美，美人。结合语境可知，母亲做的一些大胆行为在作者看来是冒险，故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is _____46_____(common) known that the emission (排放) of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases causes great effect on our planet. To control climate change, great efforts _____47_____ (make) across the world in the past few decades. In 1978, China began _____48_____ national-level forestation project -the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also _____49_____ (know) as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has seen trees planted in 13 provinces and autonomous regions of northern China to act _____50_____ windbreaks (防风林). The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia has also set a good example to those _____51_____(struggle) against desertification (沙漠化). Now about 33% of the Kubugi Desert is covered with trees and bushes. In September, China set new goals _____52_____ (deal) with the problem, aiming to have carbon dioxide emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality (碳中和) before 2060. Carbon neutrality _____53_____ (refer) to achieving zero carbon dioxide emissions. If China’s goal is achieved, it will lower _____54_____ (globe) warming by around 0. 2 to 0. 3℃ alone, according to Climate Action Tracker (CAT). It is the biggest single reduction _____55_____has been estimated by CAT. 【答案】46. commonly 47. have been made 48. a 49. known 50. as 51. struggling 52. to deal 53. refers 54. global 55. that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要中国在控制气候变化方面做的努力。 【46题详解】 考查副词。句意：众所周知，二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放对我们的星球造成了巨大影响。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰谓语动词is known。故填commonly。 【47题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：过去几十年来，为了控制气候变化，全世界都做出了巨大努力。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，由“in the past few decades”可知，这里应用现在完成时，且主语great efforts与make为被动关系。故填have been made。 【48题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1978年，中国开始实施国家级造林项目——三北防护林工程，也称“绿色长城”。project“项目”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且 national-level的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 【49题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：1978年，中国开始实施国家级造林项目——三北防护林工程，也称“绿色长城”。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，且the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program和know为被动关系，里应用过去分词作定语。故填known。 【50题详解】 考查介词。句意：该项目已在中国北方13个省和自治区种植树木作为防风林。act as 表“充当”，为固定搭配。故填as。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：内蒙古库布齐沙漠也为抗击荒漠化的人们树立了良好的榜样。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，且those 和struggle为主动关系，这里应用现在分词作定语。故填struggling。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：9月，中国为解决这一问题制定了新的目标，目标是在2030年前达到二氧化碳排放峰值，并在2060年前实现碳中和。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，再根据句意可知，这里应填不定式作目的状语。故填to deal。 【53题详解】 考查时态。句意：碳中和是指实现零二氧化碳排放。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，且在陈述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时，且主语Carbon neutrality和refer to (指的是)为主动关系。故填refers。 【54题详解】 考查形容词。句意：根据气候行动追踪（CAT），如果中国的目标实现，仅全球变暖就将降低约0.2至0.3℃。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词修饰后面名词warming 。故填global。 【55题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这是CAT估计的最大单次降幅。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为 single reduction，从句缺少主语，且先行词中由最高级biggest，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56. The reason why he made such kind of mistakes is that he has had no _________ (先前的) experience. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】previous 【解析】 【详解】句意：他犯这类错误的原因是他没有任何先前的经验。根据汉语提示“先前的”可知，本空用形容词previous，作定语。 57. The majority of citizens consider an ______ (普通的) job boring or even valueless. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】ordinary 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数市民认为普通的工作很无聊，甚至没有价值。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语，根据提示的汉语，表示“普通的”应为ordinary修饰名词job。故填ordinary。 58. He made an ________(概要) of his views and got ready to present it at the meeting.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】outline 【解析】 【详解】考查名词作宾语。句意：他把自己的观点写了个提纲，准备在会上发表。“概要”的英文表达是outline，根据前面的an可知，此处是单数名词作动词made的宾语。故填outline。 59. It’s an interesting scientific ________(现象), but of no practical use whatever. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】phenomenon 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一个有趣的科学现象，但没有任何实际用途。根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是名词“phenomenon”，在句中作表语，结合“an”可知，用单数形式。故填phenomenon。 60. I’m sure that I am ____________(有能力的) of finishing the task in time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】capable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我确信我有能力按时完成这项任务。空格处用形容词作表语，由空后的of可知，“有能力的”是capable，be capable of意为“有能力做”，故填capable。 61. The peasants depend on a good ________ (收成) for their very existence. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】harvest 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：农民的生存依赖于丰收。根据汉语提示“收成”可知，此处使用名词harvest，结合空前的a可知，应用名词单数形式，作depend on的宾语。故填harvest。 62. It is necessary for us to ________ (弄明白) out how to get around with this kind of limited range. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】figure 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们有必要弄清楚如何避开这种有限的范围。根据汉语提示“弄明白”可知，此处使用动词figure，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。figure out“弄明白”，为固定短语。故填figure。 63. Rose felt honored to be chosen to _________ (代表) her class to take part in the English Speech Contest. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】represent 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：罗斯很荣幸被选为代表她的班级参加英语演讲比赛。设空处使用动词与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“代表”用represent。故填represent。 64. Practicing writing is very ________(重要意义的) to all of us. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】significant 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：练习写作对我们所有人来说都非常重要。分析句子结构可知，系动词后使用形容词作表语，重要意义的“significant”，构成短语be significant to sb“对某人来说有重要意义”符合题意，故填significant。 65. _____________(道德的)science is taught as a subject in most schools but with little effect. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Moral 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数学校都把道德科学作为一门课程来教授，但收效甚微。名词science前用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Moral。 第五部分 写作(满分10分) 66. 假如你是李华，你的美国网友Mike给你来信，表示对中国传统节日很感兴趣，并且想知道有关的风俗活动。请选择一个中国传统节日进行回信，要点如下： 1．节日的名称，时间; 2．主要活动; 3．期待他跟你共度快乐节日。 可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯;词数80-100。 Dear Mike, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I’m glad you’re interested in Chinese traditional festivals. My favorite one is the Mid-Autumn Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. It is a special festival about family reunion. On that day, families usually get together to have a big dinner. After that, we eat mooncakes, which look like the full moon, and admire the bright, round moon in the open air. Sometimes, grandparents will tell us stories about Chang’e, the goddess living on the moon. I really hope you can come to China and celebrate this festival with me one day. It will be a wonderful experience for you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给美国网友Mike回信，介绍一个中国传统节日的相关信息并发出邀请。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in → be fascinated by 团聚：get together → reunite 欣赏：admire → appreciate 绝妙的：wonderful  → fantastic 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句： I’m glad you’re interested in Chinese traditional festivals. 拓展句：Learning about your interest in Chinese traditional festivals, I feel delighted. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】My favorite one is the Mid-Autumn Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型 2】 I really hope you can come to China and celebrate this festival with me one day. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $