精品解析：上海市进北学校（五四制）2024-2025学年八年级上学期第二次月考英语试题

2024学年第一学期八年级12月自适应练习英语学科 （完卷时间90分钟，满分：100分） Part 1 Listening （第一部分 听力）（共25分） I. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）：（共25分） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（共5分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）：（7分） 6. A. Peter. B. Susan. C. Mark. D. Kitty. 7. A. At 5:10. B. At 8:05. C. At 5:08. D. At 8:15. 8. A. In a shopping mall. B. At an airport. C. At a railway station. D. At a cinema. 9. A. The traffic was bad. B. He didn’t know the way. C. He left home too late. D. He was heavier than before. 10. A. Freezing. B. Nice. C. Fine. D. Warm. 11. A. Betty was good at computer. B. Steven will lend Betty his computer. C. Edward will lend Betty his computer. D. Edward was able to help Betty. 12. A. She cooked a big meal. B. She didn’t sleep well. C. She bought too much food. D. She attended a Thanksgiving Party. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）：（共5分） 13. If you’re under 18 years old and want to have some wine, your friends can buy for you. 14. To respect people who may want to be quiet, don’t make unnecessary noises in England at night. 15. Cars move on the right side of the road in England and use crossings to cross. 16. The law in England forbids people from throwing away waste material in public places. 17. Teenagers are free to buy some cigarettes and tobacco in England. D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词）：（共8分） 18. Students can learn how to save lives and know how to ________ ________ before it happens. 19. Call your parents before you let the cycler go since you don’t know ________ ________ you’ re hurt. 20. Avoid high places and trees if it’s ________ ________ and there’s lightning. 21. Put wet things on your body and try to find________ ________ when there is a fire. Part 2 Phonetic, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法）（39分） Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）（共16分） 1. There was ________ earth-type furniture in the huge cave. A. a B. an C. / D. the 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：在那个巨大的洞穴里有一些土制风格的家具。 a/an一个；/零冠词；the这/那。furniture意为“家具”，是不可数名词，不能用不定冠词a或an修饰。此处表示泛指存在，并非特指，不需要用定冠词the，因此使用零冠词。 2. Mrs. White wants to make a big pizza, so she asks her husband to buy a carton of ________ A. apple B. butter C. eggs D. milk 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：怀特太太想要做一个大披萨，所以她让她的丈夫买一盒牛奶。 apple苹果；butter黄油；eggs鸡蛋；milk牛奶。根据“a carton of”可知，该量词通常用于修饰液体，如牛奶、果汁等，是初中英语常见固定搭配。A选项apple为单数可数名词，此处应用复数；B选项butter通常不用carton修饰；C选项eggs虽可用carton，但相比之下“a carton of milk”更为典型。 3. Michael met a friend of ________ in the restaurant. A. him B. his C. he D. himself 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：迈克尔在餐厅遇到了他的一位朋友。 him他（宾格）；his他的（名词性物主代词或形容词性物主代词）；he他（主格）；himself他自己（反身代词）。“a friend of+名词性物主代词”，表示“某人的一个朋友”，名词性物主代词his相当于his friends，应填his。 4. Mrs. White’s head hurt, so she found ________ very difficult to get to sleep. A. that B. it C. this D. those 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：怀特夫人的头痛，所以她发现难以入睡。 考查代词it作形式宾语的用法。that那；it它；this 这；those那些。本句的动词不定式to get to sleep做真正的宾语，代词it作形式宾语，故选B。 5. The desk and the bed take up ________ of the space of the room. A. two third B. two three C. two thirds D. second three 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：书桌和床占据了房间空间的三分之二。 分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母的序数词需加-s。三分之二应为“two thirds”，其中two为分子基数词，third为分母序数词，且分子2>1，故third加-s为thirds。应填two thirds。 6. You can see that culture differences can ________ misunderstanding between the British and the Chinese. A. happen B. cause C. prevent D. require 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你可以看到文化差异会导致英国人和中国人之间的误解。 happen发生；cause导致、引起；prevent防止；require要求。根据语境，“文化差异”与“误解”之间是因果关系，应填cause。 7. ________ the journey was tiring, Mike thought it was worth both the time and the money. A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. As 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：虽然旅途很累，但迈克认为它值得付出时间和金钱。 Although虽然；Since自从；Unless除非；As因为。根据后半句“Mike thought it was worth both the time and the money.”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，表示“虽然”，用Although引导让步状语从句。 8. Please carry these two big bags for me. I’ll deal with ________. A. others B. other C. another D. the others 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：请帮我拿这两个大包。我会处理剩下的那些。 others其他人/物，表泛指；other其他的，后接名词；another另一个，后接名词单数；the others其余的人/物，表特指。根据“Please carry these two big bags for me.”可知，此处特指除去对方拿的两个包之外剩下的包，表示特定范围内的其余部分，应填the others。 9. The plane will land ________ a small island at six ________ tomorrow morning. A. on; on B. at; / C. on; / D. at; on 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：飞机明天早上六点将降落在一个小岛上。 第一空，“land on”表示“降落在……表面上”，岛屿被视为一个地点平面，应用介词on；第二空，具体时间点“at six”中at常与钟点连用，但句中使用“tomorrow morning”修饰“six”，此时“tomorrow morning”本身不需要介词，直接作时间状语，因此第二空应填“/”。 10. He kept practicing driving after work ________ he got his driving license. A. unless B. if C. until D. though 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：他下班后坚持练习开车，直到拿到了驾照。 unless除非；if如果；until直到；though虽然。根据“He kept practicing driving after work”可知，练习是持续动作，“he got his driving license”是动作结束的时间点，表示“直到……为止”，符合逻辑。 11. I ________ out when Mr. Li called me. A. happened to be B. happened to C. happened be D. happened 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：李先生给我打电话的时候，我碰巧在外面。 固定搭配“happen to do/be”表示“碰巧做/是……”，空后面是副词out，需要用be动词来构成表语结构，所以用happened to be，其他选项要么结构不完整要么搭配错误。 12. When we reach the cinema, the film ________ for 10 minutes. A. has begun B. has started C. has been on D. has been in 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始10分钟了。 has begun/started是现在完成时，但begin和start为瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for 10 minutes”连用；has been on表示“电影已上映”，be on是可持续状态，可与时间段连用；has been in通常表示“在某地”，不符合句意。应填has been on。 13. Not only Tom but also his classmates ________ to Yu Garden. They haven’t been back yet. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：不仅汤姆而且他的同学们都去了豫园。他们还没回来。 not only... but also...连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离空格最近的主语是his classmates，为复数，故谓语动词用have，排除C、D项；根据后句“They haven’t been back yet.”可知他们还没回来，表示去了某地未回用have gone，排除A项。故应填have gone。 14. Policemen found out the killer at last because they examined the footprints ________ A. as careful as they could B. as more careful as they could C. as carefully as they could D. as more carefully as they could 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：警察最终找出了凶手，因为他们尽可能仔细地检查了脚印。 结合句中谓语动词examined可知，修饰动词需用副词。careful是形容词，只能修饰名词或作表语；carefully是副词。此外as...as结构中间要用原级，as carefully as they could表示“尽可能仔细地”符合语法和语境。 15. Could you tell me when ________? A. will you leave for Lijiang B. would you leave for Lijiang C. you will leave for Lijiang D. you would leave for Lijiang 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你什么时候出发去丽江吗？ 根据题干“Could you tell me when”可知，when引导宾语从句，应用陈述句语序；主句could表示委婉语气，而非过去时，主句时态是一般现在时，遵循“主现从不限”，从句描述将来动作应用一般将来时，应填you will leave for Lijiang。 16. —Would you mind my opening the window? —________ A. Certainly not. B. Never mind. C. OK. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你介意我打开窗户吗？——当然不介意。 Certainly not当然不介意；Never mind没关系，常用于回应道歉；OK好的。问句Would you mind...意为“你介意……吗”，用于征求对方许可。回答不介意时，需用表示否定意义的答语，Certainly not符合。 Ⅲ. （共5分） Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组选项代码填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A. through B. dangerous C. tied D. power E. though F. interest G. danger Have you ever watched lightning during a storm? Have you ever wondered about its ____17____? Have you ever wanted to know more about it? Ben Franklin did. Actually, Ben’ s ____18____ in electricity was not just limited to lightning. He received an electricity tube (管) from his friend and began to do experiments. Ben suspected (猜测) that lightning was a current (电流) in nature, and he wanted to see if he was right. One way to test his idea would be to see if the lightning would pass ____19____ metal. He used a metal key and ____20____ it to a kite. He flew the kite to get the key up near the lightning. Ben understood that lightning was very powerful, and he also knew that it was ____21____. That’s why he also thought of a way to protect people, buildings, and ships from it — the lightning rod (避雷针). 【答案】17. D 18. F 19. A 20. C 21. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了本杰明·富兰克林如何通过实验探索闪电的本质，证实其为自然电流，并由此发明避雷针以保护人和建筑，体现了他作为科学家的好奇心与实践精神。 【17题详解】 句意：你有没有好奇过它的威力？空格前是物主代词its，后需接名词。根据下文第三段首句“Ben understood that lightning was very powerful”本明白闪电非常强大，可知此处指人们对闪电的“力量”感到好奇，应用名词power“力量”。 【18题详解】 句意：事实上，本对电的兴趣并不仅限于闪电。“interest in”是固定搭配，翻译为“对……的兴趣”，符合语境，故填interest。 【19题详解】 句意：检验他想法的一个方法是看闪电是否能穿过金属。固定搭配“pass through”翻译为“穿过、通过”，表示电流通过金属导体，故填through。 【20题详解】 句意：他用了一把金属钥匙，并把它系在风筝上。and连接并列谓语，前文used是过去式，此处也应用过去式。动词tie翻译为“系”，此处需使用其过去式tied。 【21题详解】 句意：本明白闪电非常强大，他也知道它很危险。was是系动词，后接形容词作表语。闪电具有危险性，dangerous翻译为“危险的”，符合语境。 Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分） 22. Ivy bought several ________ of bread in the newly-opened bakery. (loaf) 【答案】 loaves 【解析】 【详解】句意：艾薇在那家新开的面包店买了几条面包。“several”意为“几个”，后接可数名词复数；“loaf”的复数形式为“loaves”。 23. On the Double ________ Festival, people usually climb mountains. (nine) 【答案】Ninth 【解析】 【详解】句意：在重阳节这一天，人们通常会去爬山。根据“On the Double…Festival, people usually climb mountains.”可知此处是指重阳节，Double Ninth Festival“重阳节”。故填Ninth。 24. The ________ do not like this new way of buying things. (Europe) 【答案】 Europeans 【解析】 【详解】句意：欧洲人不喜欢这种新的购物方式。定冠词“The”后接名词表示某一类人，且谓语“do not like”为复数形式，故填表示“欧洲人”的名词复数。“Europe”的表示“欧洲人”的名词形式为“European”，复数为“Europeans”。 25. Casey is so good at ________, crossword puzzles that she has been invited to design the puzzle for Shanghai Daily. (solution) 【答案】 solving 【解析】 【详解】句意：凯西非常擅长解填字游戏，以至于她被邀请为《上海日报》设计填字游戏。空格前为介词“at”，需接动名词作宾语。“solution”的动词形式为“solve”，意为“解决、解答”，其动名词为“solving”。 26. Is it possible to separate ________ from fiction? (true) 【答案】 truth 【解析】 【详解】句意：有可能把真相从虚构中分离出来吗？空格前为动词“separate”，后需接名词作宾语；“true”的名词形式为“truth”，意为“真相、事实”。 27. The traffic problem has ________ for just a few years. (existence) 【答案】 existed 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个交通问题仅仅存在了几年。空格前有助动词“has”，谓语需用现在完成时，结构为“has+过去分词”。“existence”的动词形式为“exist”，意为“存在”，其过去分词为“existed”。 28. Confucius is not only a great thinker and educator, but also a great ________. (music) 【答案】 musician 【解析】 【详解】句意：孔子不仅是一位伟大的思想家和教育家，还是一位伟大的音乐家。空格前有不定冠词“a”，需填可数名词单数。“music”的表示“音乐家”的名词形式为“musician”。 29. Susan is a very bright and ________ woman who knows her own mind. (intelligence) 【答案】 intelligent 【解析】 【详解】句意：苏珊是一个非常聪明且有主见的女人。空格前有形容词“bright”和连词“and”，需填形容词与之并列。“intelligence”的形容词形式为“intelligent”，意为“聪明的”。 Ⅴ. Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，改写下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共10分） 30. There was something important in the letter. (改为一般疑问句) ________ there ________ important in the letter? 【答案】 ①. Was ②. anything 【解析】 【详解】句意：信里有一些重要的内容。原句为一般过去时，含有“There was...”，改为一般疑问句时需将“was”提至句首，首字母大写。原句中的“something”在疑问句中应变为“anything”。 31. She had to report the theft before he came to the scene. (改为否定句) She _________ _________ to report the theft before he came to the scene. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. have 【解析】 【详解】句意：在他来到现场之前，她不得不报告失窃情况。had to“必须，不得不”，否定需借助助动词didn’t，had变为原形have，didn’t have to表示“不必，不需要”。故填didn’t；have。 32. Nobody knew why dinosaurs died out suddenly. (反意疑问句) Nobody knew why dinosaurs died out suddenly, ________ ________? 【答案】 ①. did ②. they 【解析】 【详解】句意：没有人知道恐龙为什么突然灭绝。陈述部分的主语是Nobody（没有人），具有否定意义，因此反意疑问部分要用肯定形式；当陈述部分主语为nobody、no one 等指人的不定代词时，反意疑问部分的人称代词通常用they；陈述部分的谓语动词knew是实义动词的过去式，变为疑问句时借助助动词did。 33. There was no milk left at home, so I bought some on my way back home. (保持句意不变) I ________ ________ of milk at home, so I bought some on my way back home. 【答案】 ①. ran ②. out 【解析】 【详解】句意：家里没牛奶了，所以我回家路上买了一些。原句“There was no milk left”表示“没有牛奶剩下”，保持句意不变，可用短语“run out of”表示“用光/耗尽”。主语“I”为第一人称，句子描述过去的情况，动词用过去式“ran”。 34. so weak, the patient, could not, was, he, say a word, that (连词成句) ______________________________________________ 【答案】 The patient was so weak that he could not say a word. 【解析】 【详解】句意：病人如此虚弱，以至于一句话也说不出来。题干给出了“so...that...​”的组合，因此确认该句为结果状语从句。按照“主句+that+从句”的语序连接。主句中：主语是“the patient”即“病人”放置在句首首字母大写，be动词是“was”，形容词短语“so weak”表示“如此虚弱”接在“was”后。接下来是由that引导的从句，主语用“he”指代病人，谓语部分是“could not say”后接“a word”即“一句话也说不出来”。故填The patient was so weak that he could not say a word. Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写）（共36分） Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共26分） A. （6分） Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案） Multiplying Using Lines Do you know you can multiply by drawing just a few lines? Line multiplication was invented many centuries ago. It might help you when you don’t have a calculator. Work out the place values of your numbers. For example, you are calculating 34x12. The first number has a 4 in the ones place and a 3 in the tens place. Your second number has a 2 in the ones place and a 1 in the tens place. Draw parallel lines to represent (代表) your first number. Draw three lines to represent the tens place. Draw four lines above them to represent the ones place. Draw parallel lines to represent the second number. Draw one line to represent the tens place. The line should cross over the lines from the first number. Then, draw two lines below it to represent the ones place. Draw dots at each point where the lines meet each other. Circle the dots representing the ones place and add them up. Here, you would count eight dots. So the ones place of your answer will be 8. Circle the dots representing the tens place and add them up. You would count 10 dots here. Like any time you add or multiply, once a digit (数位) reaches 10, you need to carry (进位).In this example, you would put a 0 in the tens place and carry the1 over to the hundreds place. Count the dots representing the hundreds place. You would count three dots here. Don’t forget the 1 you’ve carried over. Calculate 3+1, and the hundreds place of your answer is 4. Write down your answer. For 34x12, the answer is 408. 35. This article mainly teaches people ________. A. how to use line multiplication B. how to work out the place values of numbers C. how to multiply two numbers using a calculator D. how to carry numbers over when adding or multiplying 36. Which of the following statements is true about the number 873? A. The number has a 3 in the tens place. B. The number has a 7 in the ones place. C. The number has a 3 in the hundreds place. D. The number has an 8 in the hundreds place. 37. If you are calculating 15x41, which of the following pictures should you draw? A. B. C. D. 38. Harry has drawn the picture on the right. He is probably calculating ________. A. 43×15 B. 34×15 C. 43×51 D. 34×51 39. How many dots are there in your picture in all if you use line multiplication to calculate 32x16? A. 25 B. 30 C. 35 D. 40 40. The underlined part “parallel lines” refers to lines that ________. A. are of the same length B. are straight and endless C. will meet each other somewhere D. are the same distance apart at every point 【答案】35. A 36. D 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了线乘法的起源和具体步骤，教人们如何通过画线的方式进行乘法计算。 【35题详解】 文章以“Multiplying Using Lines”为标题，详细介绍了线乘法的步骤和示例，因此核心内容是教人们如何使用线乘法。B选项如何计算数位值、C选项如何用计算器计算乘法、D选项加法或乘法中如何进位，均不是文章的主要内容。 【36题详解】 根据数位知识，数字873中，8在百位，7在十位，3在个位。A选项3在十位、B选项7在个位、C选项3在百位均错误；D选项8在百位正确。 【37题详解】 根据线乘法规则，计算15×41时，第一个数15：十位1画1条线，个位5画5条线；第二个数41：十位4画4条线，个位1画1条线，两组线需交叉。结合选项，D选项的线条数量与排列完全符合15×41的画法要求。 【38题详解】 线乘法中，交叉的两组线分别代表两个乘数。观察图片线条数量，一组线的十位有3条、个位有4条，对应数字34；另一组线的十位有5条、个位有1条，对应数字51，因此算式为34×51。 【39题详解】 线乘法中，交叉点数量即为对应数位的乘积：个位交叉点：2×6=12；十位交叉点：3×6+2×1=20；百位交叉点：3×1=3；总点数为12+20+3=35。 【40题详解】 根据数学定义，平行线是指在同一平面内永不相交、且处处距离相等的直线。A选项长度相同、B选项笔直且无限延伸均不是平行线的核心定义；C选项会相交错误；D选项在每一点距离都相等符合定义。 B. （6分） Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文） Several times throughout your school years, you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Group work is necessary and is usually more productive than working alone. Whatever the task your group is given, a few rules need to ____41____ to make sure a productive and successful learning experience. What comes first is to keep a(an) ____42____ mind, because every member is equally important and everyone’s ideas should be taken into consideration. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role in the team that is best suited to your strengths, so that you can perform best. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and believing in one another. Mutual (相互的) support and ____43____ often make a great difference. Activities like surveys are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task, and everyone knows ____44____ when, why and what to do, take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members. When there is research to be done, divide the task into different steps or several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very ____45____ way, which can make your research work more fruitful. When the time comes to ____46____ on an issue, allow for the opinions of each member of the group, and most important of all, it is always wise to do so by discussion and agreement. After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an assessment (评价) of the team’s effectiveness—the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. 41. A. be taken B. be followed C. be ordered D. be broken 42. A. clear B. optimistic C. open D. active 43. A. trust B. attitude C. discussion D. confidence 44. A. immediately B. eventually C. partly D. clearly 45. A. confused B. complete C. detailed D. related 46. A. make a decision B. divide the group C. work together D. share ideas 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了在学校进行小组合作学习的重要性，并提出了几条确保小组合作高效成功的规则和建议。 【41题详解】 句意：无论小组任务是什么，都需要遵守一些规则以确保成功。 follow rules 是固定短语，意为“遵守规则”。此处rules是动作的承受者，需用被动形式be followed。 【42题详解】 句意：首先是保持开放的心态，因为每个成员都同样重要。 根据“everyone’s ideas should be taken into consideration”，keep an open mind是固定短语，意为“保持开放的心态”，愿意接纳不同意见。 【43题详解】 句意：相互支持和信任往往能带来很大不同。 前文提到“encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and believing in one another”（倾听、澄清、彼此信任），此处与“support”并列，应选trust（信任）。 【44题详解】 句意：每个人清楚地知道何时、为何及做什么。 句意为“每个人都清楚地知道任务细节”，可知需要清楚知道任务,clearly（清楚地）符合语境。 【45题详解】 句意：这能以非常详细的方式探索问题，使研究更富有成果。 根据“divide the task into different steps”，把任务拆分细化，能让研究更“详细、深入”，detailed（详细的）符合语境。 【46题详解】 句意：当需要对问题做决定时，允许每个成员发表意见。 根据后文“by discussion and agreement（通过讨论和达成一致）”，此处指“做决定”，make a decision符合语境。 C. （7分） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Libraries give kids a quiet and safe place to read and to learn. For more than 100 years, libraries have played an important role in Americans’ education. But how are these book-filled buildings c____47____ with the times? You may be surprised to find out. Benjamin Franklin famously founded America’s first lending library in 1731. But the public library system got its biggest d____48____ in the late 1800s. In the 1800s, it received a lot of help. Businessman Andrew Carnegie donated (捐赠) millions of dollars to help build free public libraries across the country. Carnegie believed in the chances that libraries could o____49____ Americans, young and old. He knew that the more libraries there were, the more people would have access (接触的机会) to books, lectures, news and more. Chances are that there is a public library in or near your neighborhood. You can easily find one c____50____ to your home. After all, the United States has 9,225 public libraries. Today, libraries keep growing. Seven out of ten libraries have free Internet. This opens more doors for people who cannot go online at home, i____51____ the opportunity to apply for jobs online. Libraries are also teaching kids about the fun of reading. The new program Read! Build! Play! adds reading into playtime. A____52____ kids listen to a book being read aloud, they use Legos (乐高积木) to build images from the story happily. Today’s libraries are always looking for creative programs to attract more people into the library. Benjamin Franklin once said, “The doors of wisdom are never s____53____.” As long as the doors of public libraries are open, what he said is most certainly correct! 【答案】47. changing##hanging 48. development##evelopment 49. offer##ffer 50. close##lose 51. including##ncluding 52. As##s 53. shut##hut 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了美国图书馆的发展历程、重要作用与与时俱进的创新举措，展现了图书馆对人们生活的积极影响。 【47题详解】 句意：但是这些满是书籍的建筑是如何与时俱进的呢？结合语境，此处表达“与时俱进”，结合首字母“c”，应填changing，意为“变化”，是动词的现在分词，与are构成现在进行时，表示图书馆的发展变化。 【48题详解】 句意：但公共图书馆系统在 19 世纪末迎来了它最大的发展。结合后文提到的安德鲁・卡内基捐赠建馆，此处指图书馆系统迎来了重大发展，结合首字母“d”，应填development，意为“发展”，是名词，形容词最高级biggest后接名词。 【49题详解】 句意：卡内基相信图书馆能为美国人，无论老少，提供机会。结合语境，此处表达“提供机会”，结合首字母“o”，应填offer，意为“提供”，是动词，情态动词could后接动词原形。 【50题详解】 句意：你可以很容易地找到一个离你家很近的图书馆。结合语境，此处表达“离……近”，结合首字母“c”，应填close，意为“近的”，是形容词，构成close to的固定搭配，表示“靠近”。 【51题详解】 句意：这为那些在家无法上网的人打开了更多大门，包括在线申请工作的机会。结合语境，此处指图书馆提供的互联网服务包含了在线求职的机会，结合首字母“i”，应填 including，意为“包括”，是介词，用于列举内容。 【52题详解】 句意：当孩子们听朗读故事时，他们开心地用乐高积木搭建故事中的形象。结合语境，此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，结合首字母“A”，应填As，意为“当……时”，是连词，引导从句。 【53题详解】 句意：本杰明・富兰克林曾经说过：“智慧的大门永远不会关闭。”。结合后文“只要图书馆的大门开着，他说的话就一定是对的”，此处表达“大门不会关闭”，结合首字母“s”，应填shut，意为“关闭”，是动词的过去分词，与are构成被动语态，表示“被关闭”。 D. （7分） Answer the questions （根据短文内容回答下列问题） Willie Brown and his little dog Bounce lived together. Nobody knew when they started to be close friends. Willie could never think of taking a walk without Bounce. Cake and play were equally shared between them. Willie taught his dog many tricks, and often said that Bounce could do almost anything in the world but talk. There came a time, however, when Bounce really told Willie’s father something, though he could not talk. It was a bright summer afternoon. Willie had walked with Bounce down to the river, which was not more than two blocks from his father’s store. Willie began to throw stones into the water, and Bounce lay on the grass, watching the flies (苍蝇) and catching any that came too near. There were some logs (圆木) in the river near the bank. “Can I throw a stone across the river?” Willie thought to himself and jumped upon one of them. Just as the stone left his hand, the log turned, and he fell into the water. He did not know how to swim, and there was no one to hear, though he called as loud as he could for help. Poor little Bounce gave a great barking of worry. He ran up and down the bank two or three times, barking, looking first at Willie and then around. Then he started to run as fast as he could, up the street to the store. When he got there the door was shut, but he scratched (挠) against it and barked loudly, until someone came and opened it. He caught hold of Mr. Brown’s clothes and then ran to the door, then back again, catching at him, barking, and jumping. Now, Mr. Brown thought, “Something must be wrong.” Immediately he followed Bounce to the riverside. Willie was saved in time. 54. Bounce wasn’t Willie’s close friend, was he? _______________________________________ 55. Where was the river that Willie had walked to with Bounce? _______________________________________ 56. Why did Willie jump on one of the logs in the river? _______________________________________ 57. How did Bounce feel when he found Willie in the river? _______________________________________ 58. Who saved Willie’s life? _______________________________________ 59. What do you think of Bounce? Why? _______________________________________ 【答案】54. Yes, he was. 55. It was not more than two blocks from his father’s store. 56. Because he wanted to throw a stone across the river. 57. He felt worried. 58. With Bounce’s help, Mr. Brown saved Willie’s life. 59. He is clever and loyal. Because he saved Willie’s life. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩Willie和他的小狗Bounce是亲密的朋友，有一次Willie不慎落水，不会游泳且无人听见，聪明的Bounce通过吠叫和引导Willie的父亲，最终成功救了 Willie的故事。 【54题详解】 根据文章第一段“Nobody knew when they started to be close friends.”没人知道他们什么时候开始成为亲密朋友的；可推知Bounce是Willie的亲密朋友，针对否定疑问句事实为肯定时回答Yes。故填Yes, he was. 【55题详解】 根据文章第三段“Willie had walked with Bounce down to the river, which was not more than two blocks from his father’s store.”，Willie和Bounce走到河边，那条河离他父亲的商店不超过两个街区。可推知河流的位置。 【56题详解】 根据文章第三段“Can I throw a stone across the river?”以及“Willie thought to himself and jumped upon one of them.”，可推知他跳上圆木是为了扔石头过河，故填Because he wanted to throw a stone across the river. 【57题详解】 根据文章第四段“Poor little Bounce gave a great barking of worry.”，可推知Bounce当时感到担忧。 【58题详解】 根据文章第六段“He caught hold of Mr. Brown’s clothes...”，他抓住了布朗先生的衣服，此处他指的是小狗“Bounce”，以及“Immediately he followed Bounce to the riverside.”，他立刻跟着Bounce来到河边、第七段“Willie was saved in time.”，Willie及时获救了，可推知Bounce是在Mr. Brown的帮助下救了Willie。 【59题详解】 根据文章全文Bounce发现主人落水后迅速跑回商店报警并引导父亲救人的行为，可推知它既聪明又忠诚。故填He is clever and loyal. Because he saved Willie’s life. Ⅹ. Writing（写作）（共10分） 60. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.（根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个单词的短文，标点符号不占格。） “世界地球日”即将来临，学校将举办公益宣传活动，具体活动安排如下表格所示。请你为校园网站写一篇通知，邀请同学们踊跃参与，通知内容包括活动主题（theme）、目的，以及具体活动安排等。 Time Events Time Events 8:00-8:30 Check in 12:00-13:00 Lunch break 9:00-10:00 Drawing competition 13:30-14:30 Science experiment 10:30-11:30 Tree planting activity 15:00-15:45 Photo show You can begin like this: Dear fellow students, Earth Day is approaching. 注意：1．短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。 2．照抄阅读语篇不得分。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Dear fellow students, Earth Day is approaching. To protect our planet, our school will hold a public welfare activity. The theme is “Green Earth, Our Home”. First, we will check in from 8:00 to 8:30. Then, there is a drawing competition from 9:00 to 10:00, followed by a tree planting activity from 10:30 to 11:30. After the lunch break from 12:00 to 13:00, we can do science experiments from 13:30 to 14:30 and enjoy a photo show from 15:00 to 15:45. The activity ends at 15:45. Please join us actively! Let’s make a difference together. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：活动通知，以一般将来时为主 明确要点：活动背景与主题、活动时间与流程、活动号召 确定人称：第一人称 (our/we)、第二人称 (you) 注意事项：通知格式规范，要点清晰，语言简洁礼貌 ，照抄阅读语篇不得分，文中不得出现姓名、校名等个人信息，不少于60词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明活动背景、目的与主题 主体段：介绍活动时间、具体流程与内容安排 结尾段：发出参与号召，呼吁共同行动 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：活动背景与主题 背景事件：Earth Day/World Environment Day等 活动目的：protect our planet/protect the environment/raise environmental awareness等 活动形式：public welfare activity/volunteer activity/environmental activity等 活动主题：Green Earth, Our Home/Protect the Earth/Start with Me等 要点二：活动时间与流程 时间安排：from 8:00 to 8:30/ends at 15:45/lasts for one hours等 活动内容：check in/drawing competition/tree planting activity/science experiments/photo show等 地点拓展：at the school playground/in the school garden/in the classroom等 要点三：参与号召与结尾 号召用语：Please join us actively!/Come and join us!/Don’t miss it!等 活动意义：make a difference together/make our earth greener/help protect the environment等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年第一学期八年级12月自适应练习英语学科 （完卷时间90分钟，满分：100分） Part 1 Listening （第一部分 听力）（共25分） I. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）：（共25分） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（共5分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）：（7分） 6. A. Peter. B. Susan. C. Mark. D. Kitty. 7. A. At 5:10. B. At 8:05. C. At 5:08. D. At 8:15. 8. A. In a shopping mall. B. At an airport. C. At a railway station. D. At a cinema. 9. A. The traffic was bad. B. He didn’t know the way. C. He left home too late. D. He was heavier than before. 10. A. Freezing. B. Nice. C. Fine. D. Warm. 11. A. Betty was good at computer. B. Steven will lend Betty his computer. C. Edward will lend Betty his computer. D. Edward was able to help Betty. 12. A. She cooked a big meal. B. She didn’t sleep well. C. She bought too much food. D. She attended a Thanksgiving Party. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）：（共5分） 13. If you’re under 18 years old and want to have some wine, your friends can buy for you. 14. To respect people who may want to be quiet, don’t make unnecessary noises in England at night. 15. Cars move on the right side of the road in England and use crossings to cross. 16. The law in England forbids people from throwing away waste material in public places. 17. Teenagers are free to buy some cigarettes and tobacco in England. D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词）：（共8分） 18. Students can learn how to save lives and know how to ________ ________ before it happens. 19. Call your parents before you let the cycler go since you don’t know ________ ________ you’ re hurt. 20. Avoid high places and trees if it’s ________ ________ and there’s lightning. 21. Put wet things on your body and try to find________ ________ when there is a fire. Part 2 Phonetic, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法）（39分） Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）（共16分） 1. There was ________ earth-type furniture in the huge cave. A. a B. an C. / D. the 2. Mrs. White wants to make a big pizza, so she asks her husband to buy a carton of ________ A. apple B. butter C. eggs D. milk 3. Michael met a friend of ________ in the restaurant. A. him B. his C. he D. himself 4. Mrs. White’s head hurt, so she found ________ very difficult to get to sleep. A. that B. it C. this D. those 5. The desk and the bed take up ________ of the space of the room. A. two third B. two three C. two thirds D. second three 6. You can see that culture differences can ________ misunderstanding between the British and the Chinese. A. happen B. cause C. prevent D. require 7. ________ the journey was tiring, Mike thought it was worth both the time and the money. A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. As 8. Please carry these two big bags for me. I’ll deal with ________. A. others B. other C. another D. the others 9. The plane will land ________ a small island at six ________ tomorrow morning. A. on; on B. at; / C. on; / D. at; on 10. He kept practicing driving after work ________ he got his driving license. A. unless B. if C. until D. though 11. I ________ out when Mr. Li called me. A. happened to be B. happened to C. happened be D. happened 12. When we reach the cinema, the film ________ for 10 minutes. A. has begun B. has started C. has been on D. has been in 13. Not only Tom but also his classmates ________ to Yu Garden. They haven’t been back yet. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone 14. Policemen found out the killer at last because they examined the footprints ________ A. as careful as they could B. as more careful as they could C. as carefully as they could D. as more carefully as they could 15. Could you tell me when ________? A. will you leave for Lijiang B. would you leave for Lijiang C. you will leave for Lijiang D. you would leave for Lijiang 16. —Would you mind my opening the window? —________ A. Certainly not. B. Never mind. C. OK. Ⅲ. （共5分） Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组选项代码填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A. through B. dangerous C. tied D. power E. though F. interest G. danger Have you ever watched lightning during a storm? Have you ever wondered about its ____17____? Have you ever wanted to know more about it? Ben Franklin did. Actually, Ben’ s ____18____ in electricity was not just limited to lightning. He received an electricity tube (管) from his friend and began to do experiments. Ben suspected (猜测) that lightning was a current (电流) in nature, and he wanted to see if he was right. One way to test his idea would be to see if the lightning would pass ____19____ metal. He used a metal key and ____20____ it to a kite. He flew the kite to get the key up near the lightning. Ben understood that lightning was very powerful, and he also knew that it was ____21____. That’s why he also thought of a way to protect people, buildings, and ships from it — the lightning rod (避雷针). Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分） 22. Ivy bought several ________ of bread in the newly-opened bakery. (loaf) 23. On the Double ________ Festival, people usually climb mountains. (nine) 24. The ________ do not like this new way of buying things. (Europe) 25. Casey is so good at ________, crossword puzzles that she has been invited to design the puzzle for Shanghai Daily. (solution) 26. Is it possible to separate ________ from fiction? (true) 27. The traffic problem has ________ for just a few years. (existence) 28. Confucius is not only a great thinker and educator, but also a great ________. (music) 29. Susan is a very bright and ________ woman who knows her own mind. (intelligence) Ⅴ. Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，改写下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共10分） 30. There was something important in the letter. (改为一般疑问句) ________ there ________ important in the letter? 31. She had to report the theft before he came to the scene. (改为否定句) She _________ _________ to report the theft before he came to the scene. 32. Nobody knew why dinosaurs died out suddenly. (反意疑问句) Nobody knew why dinosaurs died out suddenly, ________ ________? 33. There was no milk left at home, so I bought some on my way back home. (保持句意不变) I ________ ________ of milk at home, so I bought some on my way back home. 34. so weak, the patient, could not, was, he, say a word, that (连词成句) ______________________________________________ Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写）（共36分） Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共26分） A. （6分） Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案） Multiplying Using Lines Do you know you can multiply by drawing just a few lines? Line multiplication was invented many centuries ago. It might help you when you don’t have a calculator. Work out the place values of your numbers. For example, you are calculating 34x12. The first number has a 4 in the ones place and a 3 in the tens place. Your second number has a 2 in the ones place and a 1 in the tens place. Draw parallel lines to represent (代表) your first number. Draw three lines to represent the tens place. Draw four lines above them to represent the ones place. Draw parallel lines to represent the second number. Draw one line to represent the tens place. The line should cross over the lines from the first number. Then, draw two lines below it to represent the ones place. Draw dots at each point where the lines meet each other. Circle the dots representing the ones place and add them up. Here, you would count eight dots. So the ones place of your answer will be 8. Circle the dots representing the tens place and add them up. You would count 10 dots here. Like any time you add or multiply, once a digit (数位) reaches 10, you need to carry (进位).In this example, you would put a 0 in the tens place and carry the1 over to the hundreds place. Count the dots representing the hundreds place. You would count three dots here. Don’t forget the 1 you’ve carried over. Calculate 3+1, and the hundreds place of your answer is 4. Write down your answer. For 34x12, the answer is 408. 35. This article mainly teaches people ________. A. how to use line multiplication B. how to work out the place values of numbers C. how to multiply two numbers using a calculator D. how to carry numbers over when adding or multiplying 36. Which of the following statements is true about the number 873? A. The number has a 3 in the tens place. B. The number has a 7 in the ones place. C. The number has a 3 in the hundreds place. D. The number has an 8 in the hundreds place. 37. If you are calculating 15x41, which of the following pictures should you draw? A. B. C. D. 38. Harry has drawn the picture on the right. He is probably calculating ________. A. 43×15 B. 34×15 C. 43×51 D. 34×51 39. How many dots are there in your picture in all if you use line multiplication to calculate 32x16? A. 25 B. 30 C. 35 D. 40 40. The underlined part “parallel lines” refers to lines that ________. A. are of the same length B. are straight and endless C. will meet each other somewhere D. are the same distance apart at every point B. （6分） Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文） Several times throughout your school years, you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Group work is necessary and is usually more productive than working alone. Whatever the task your group is given, a few rules need to ____41____ to make sure a productive and successful learning experience. What comes first is to keep a(an) ____42____ mind, because every member is equally important and everyone’s ideas should be taken into consideration. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role in the team that is best suited to your strengths, so that you can perform best. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and believing in one another. Mutual (相互的) support and ____43____ often make a great difference. Activities like surveys are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task, and everyone knows ____44____ when, why and what to do, take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members. When there is research to be done, divide the task into different steps or several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very ____45____ way, which can make your research work more fruitful. When the time comes to ____46____ on an issue, allow for the opinions of each member of the group, and most important of all, it is always wise to do so by discussion and agreement. After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an assessment (评价) of the team’s effectiveness—the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. 41. A. be taken B. be followed C. be ordered D. be broken 42. A. clear B. optimistic C. open D. active 43. A. trust B. attitude C. discussion D. confidence 44. A. immediately B. eventually C. partly D. clearly 45. A. confused B. complete C. detailed D. related 46. A. make a decision B. divide the group C. work together D. share ideas C. （7分） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Libraries give kids a quiet and safe place to read and to learn. For more than 100 years, libraries have played an important role in Americans’ education. But how are these book-filled buildings c____47____ with the times? You may be surprised to find out. Benjamin Franklin famously founded America’s first lending library in 1731. But the public library system got its biggest d____48____ in the late 1800s. In the 1800s, it received a lot of help. Businessman Andrew Carnegie donated (捐赠) millions of dollars to help build free public libraries across the country. Carnegie believed in the chances that libraries could o____49____ Americans, young and old. He knew that the more libraries there were, the more people would have access (接触的机会) to books, lectures, news and more. Chances are that there is a public library in or near your neighborhood. You can easily find one c____50____ to your home. After all, the United States has 9,225 public libraries. Today, libraries keep growing. Seven out of ten libraries have free Internet. This opens more doors for people who cannot go online at home, i____51____ the opportunity to apply for jobs online. Libraries are also teaching kids about the fun of reading. The new program Read! Build! Play! adds reading into playtime. A____52____ kids listen to a book being read aloud, they use Legos (乐高积木) to build images from the story happily. Today’s libraries are always looking for creative programs to attract more people into the library. Benjamin Franklin once said, “The doors of wisdom are never s____53____.” As long as the doors of public libraries are open, what he said is most certainly correct! D. （7分） Answer the questions （根据短文内容回答下列问题） Willie Brown and his little dog Bounce lived together. Nobody knew when they started to be close friends. Willie could never think of taking a walk without Bounce. Cake and play were equally shared between them. Willie taught his dog many tricks, and often said that Bounce could do almost anything in the world but talk. There came a time, however, when Bounce really told Willie’s father something, though he could not talk. It was a bright summer afternoon. Willie had walked with Bounce down to the river, which was not more than two blocks from his father’s store. Willie began to throw stones into the water, and Bounce lay on the grass, watching the flies (苍蝇) and catching any that came too near. There were some logs (圆木) in the river near the bank. “Can I throw a stone across the river?” Willie thought to himself and jumped upon one of them. Just as the stone left his hand, the log turned, and he fell into the water. He did not know how to swim, and there was no one to hear, though he called as loud as he could for help. Poor little Bounce gave a great barking of worry. He ran up and down the bank two or three times, barking, looking first at Willie and then around. Then he started to run as fast as he could, up the street to the store. When he got there the door was shut, but he scratched (挠) against it and barked loudly, until someone came and opened it. He caught hold of Mr. Brown’s clothes and then ran to the door, then back again, catching at him, barking, and jumping. Now, Mr. Brown thought, “Something must be wrong.” Immediately he followed Bounce to the riverside. Willie was saved in time. 54. Bounce wasn’t Willie’s close friend, was he? _______________________________________ 55. Where was the river that Willie had walked to with Bounce? _______________________________________ 56. Why did Willie jump on one of the logs in the river? _______________________________________ 57. How did Bounce feel when he found Willie in the river? _______________________________________ 58. Who saved Willie’s life? _______________________________________ 59. What do you think of Bounce? Why? _______________________________________ Ⅹ. Writing（写作）（共10分） 60. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.（根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个单词的短文，标点符号不占格。） “世界地球日”即将来临，学校将举办公益宣传活动，具体活动安排如下表格所示。请你为校园网站写一篇通知，邀请同学们踊跃参与，通知内容包括活动主题（theme）、目的，以及具体活动安排等。 Time Events Time Events 8:00-8:30 Check in 12:00-13:00 Lunch break 9:00-10:00 Drawing competition 13:30-14:30 Science experiment 10:30-11:30 Tree planting activity 15:00-15:45 Photo show You can begin like this: Dear fellow students, Earth Day is approaching. 注意：1．短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。 2．照抄阅读语篇不得分。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $